Space Pages 20240501

''Clayton News'' article dated November 16, 2003:[https://www.news-daily.com/news/revolutionary-war-general-s-grave-rededicated/article_3144ce8c-02bb-5751-bf8f-40b0d3c2dbda.html Revolutionary War General's Grave Rededicated] '''Revolutionary War General's Grave Rededicated''' By Ed Brock Dave Dickson comes from a long line of soldiers. Indeed, he is named after his great-great-great grandfather, Revolutionary War Gen. David Dickson. Having fought in Vietnam and Desert Storm, Dickson said that tradition has a place close to his heart. "And so does this country," Dickson said. On Saturday Dickson and other descendants of Gen. Dickson along with members of the Gen. Marquis de Lafayette Chapter of the Sons of the American Revolution gathered by his ancient grave on Turner Road near Lovejoy to rededicate the site in memory of that man and the tradition he represents. Born in the Pendleton District of South Carolina in 1750, David Dickson served as a Captain of Militia during the Revolution after joining the war in 1775. After the war he was promoted to brigadier-general in the Georgia Militia. When he finished his military service he went on to serve as a justice of the peace, a justice of Inferior Court and a commissioner in Greene County, and then represented the county, along with Jackson and Hancock counties, in the state legislature. He came to what was then Fayette County in 1825 and died there in 1830. Around his grave, marked only by a pile of stones, changes occurred and its existence was forgotten until the early 1930s when Dave Dickson's grandfather Lester Dickson did some research and came upon an old property title in the county courthouse. "There was just one sentence in there that mentioned that this property is not to be disturbed as it is the gravesite of David Dickson," Dave Dickson said. "That's when the family first came back in sight of it." Lester Dickson went out in the woods and found the site and in 1932 the Daughters of the Revolution placed a marker at the site and officially dedicated it. A group of trustees was established to maintain the grave, but as time passed the family again lost direct contact with the site. Dave Dickson said he was an Army brat who, when he came back to the Clayton County area (he lives in Henry County) he wasn't sure of the exact location. "As a kid I had heard about it once or twice," Dickson said. Dickson learned the exact location when Gary Hicks, a 40-year-old air traffic controller who grew up in the neighborhood near the grave, bought the property around the grave. The 11-foot by 11-foot plot that contains the grave and a pathway to the road belong to the family and are never to be sold, something Hicks discovered when he contacted the DAR about moving the grave. "At that point any idea of moving it was over," Hicks said. Now Hicks has come to appreciate the unique decoration that stands literally in his front yard. "There's a lot of history there, you have to respect that," Hicks said. Hicks will be an honorary trustee of the grave and will assist the six new trustees like Dickson and another descendant, John Lynch of Fayette County. "It's going to be our job to look after it," Lynch said. Saturday's rededication came about because the Gen. Marquis de Lafayette Chapter approached the Dicksons about putting a brass plaque on the old DAR marker. During the ceremony, attended by about 150 people, one of the general's youngest descendants, Dave Dickson's 4-year-old grandson Isaac Dickson, pulled off a sheet to reveal the new plaque. Bagpipe players played during the ceremony and a unit of Revolutionary War re-enactors fired a salute. "I think in the future we're going to put a marble marker near the front with a better account of (Gen. Dickson's) history," Dave Dickson said. That history is worth telling, Lynch said. Dickson joined the war early and even fought against the British Tories (supporters of the British crown) before the war. His campaigns took him from the Carolinas down to St. Augustine, Fla., in an attempt to capture that town. "He got around," Lynch said. == Sources ==

Welcome to the GeneaBloggersTRIBE Blog Squad! When Do We Start and Finish? The Source-A-Thon kicks off at 08:00 AM EDT, on Friday morning, Sep 28 and ends at 08:00 AM EDT Monday morning, EDT Oct 1.

* '''Part of [[Space:Heering_Digital_Library | Heering Digital Library]]''' ===Ireland. Genealogical Office, and William Betham. Genealogical Abstracts of Prerogative Wills, Ca. 1550-1800, Compiled By Sir William Betham, New Series Volume 25: Sm-St. 1820.=== === Available online at these locations: === *Ireland. Genealogical Office, and William Betham. Genealogical Abstracts of Prerogative Wills, Ca. 1550-1800, Compiled By Sir William Betham, New Series Volume 25: Sm-St. 1820. ::* https://catalogue.nli.ie/Record/vtls000541495

__notoc__
* Jordan, John W. (John Woolf), 1840-1921 ed * Publisher: New York : Lewis Historical Pub. Co. 1914 * Illustrated * Searchable * Worldcat (source edition) [https://www.worldcat.org/title/genealogical-and-personal-history-of-beaver-county-pennsylvania/oclc/777865748?referer=br&ht=edition 777865748] ====Copyright.==== :: This book is in the [https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ Public Domain Mark 1.0] as is was published in 1914 with no copyright extension on file. === Available online at these locations: === :: Archive Org * https://archive.org/details/genealogicalpersbeav01jord/mode/2up '''Vol 1''' * https://archive.org/details/genealogicalpers02jord/page/n5/mode/2up '''Vol 2''' ====Source Example:==== : * Jordan, John W. ''[https://archive.org/details/genealogicalpersbeav01jord/mode/2up Genealogical and personal history of Beaver County, Pennsylvania]]'' Publisher: Lewis Historical Pub. Co. 1914 Vol # Page ### ====Inline Citation Example:==== : Jordan, John W. ''[https://archive.org/details/genealogicalpersbeav01jord/mode/2up Genealogical and personal history of Beaver County, Pennsylvania]]'' Publisher: Lewis Historical Pub. Co. 1914 Vol # Page ### * [[Special:Whatlinkshere/Space:Genealogical_and_personal_history_of_Beaver_County%2C_Pennsylvania|WikiTree Profiles that use this source]]

'''Documenting James Brown by images of Quaker Minutes of Meetings''' == Pennsylvania == {{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources.jpg |align=m |size=m |caption=Document 1 }} '''Document 1''' shows [[Brown-2471|James Brown]]'s birth date of 17 January 1681 at Marcus Hook, Chester, Pennsylvania and parents, [[Brown-2470|James Brown]] and [[Clayton-149|Honor Brown]] ---- {{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-1.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 2.
Pages: 10 & 11 }}{{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-2.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 3.
Pages: 12 & 13 }}{{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-3.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 4.
Pages: 14 & 15 }}{{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-4.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 5.
Pages: 16 & 17 }} {{Clear}} '''Documents 2 to 5''' deal with the Marriage Out of Unity proceedings of Chester Monthly Meeting Pennsylvania against [[Brown-2471|James Brown]]. No transcript is offered as the dates and text are perfectly legible. The page numbers on the images are sometimes in conflict with a [https://www.wikitree.com/photo.php/1/1b/Brown-2471-1.pdf transcription] prepared by another WikiTree member. ---- == Virginia == {{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-25.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 27. }}{{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-26.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 28. }} {{Clear}} {{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-27.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 29. }}{{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-29.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 30. }} {{Clear}} {{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-33.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 31. }}{{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-34.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 32. }} {{Clear}} {{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-30.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 33. }}{{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-32.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 34. }} {{Clear}} '''Document 27''' is the West Nottingham Pennsylvania tax assessment for 1722. It shows [[Brown-2471|James Brown]], son of [[Brown-2470|James Brown]] and [[Clayton-149|Honour Clayton]]. The record shows [[Brown-2471|James Brown]]'s brother [[Brown-2475|Jeremiah Brown]] and his uncle [[Brown-2504|William Brown]] and his sons [[Brown-71418|William Brown]] and [[Brown-71418|Thomas Brown]]. The record shows neighbours [[Ross-8490|Alexander Ross]] who petitioned the Council of Colonial Virginia for an order of 100,000 acres of land to settle Society of Friends families at Opequon, Frederick County, Virginia in 1730 and the record also shows [[Beeson-30|Richard Beeson]] who also like [[Brown-2471|James Brown]] went first to Frederick County, Virginia and later to North Carolina. [[Beeson-30|Richard Beeson]]'s daughter [[Beeson-100|Margaret Beeson]] married [[Thornborough-95|Walter Thornburgh]], and his son [[Beeson-157|Richard Beeson]] Jr married [[Brown-9156|Ann Brown]] daughter of [[Brown-9165|Mercer Brown]]. [[Beeson-157|Richard Beeson]] Jr's and [[Brown-9156|Ann Brown]]'s daughter [[Beeson-190|Charity Beeson]] married [[Thornburgh-7|Benjamin Eli Thornburgh]], brother of [[Thornburgh-31|Thomas Thornburgh]] who married [[Brown-2597|Abigail Brown]], daughter of [[Brown-2471|James Brown]], son of [[Brown-2470|James Brown]] and [[Clayton-149|Honour Clayton]]. '''See Also:''' *[https://wwwp.familysearch.org/wiki/en/Elizabeth_Shown_Mills "FAN Club" (Friends, Associates, Neighbors] ''Elizabeth Shown Mills.'' *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluster_genealogy Wikipedia] ''Cluster genealogy.'' *[https://www.familytreemagazine.com/strategies/cluster-collateral-research-find-ancestors/ Cluster Research] '''Document 28''' is an accurate transcription of the petition of [[Ross-8490|Alexander Ross]] and his partner [[Bryan-102|Morgan Bryan]] to the Council of Colonial Virginia for an order of 100,000 acres of land to settle Society of Friends families at Opequon, Frederick County, Virginia 28th of October 1730.
'''Document 29'''. Minutes of Nottingham Monthly Meeting held ye 18th day of ye 3rd month 1734. "[[Ross-8490|Alexander Ross]] has proposed to this meeting on behalf of ffriends at Opeckon that a meeting of worship be settled amongst them, which is under ye consideration and care of this meeting untill a suitable time to give them a visit."
'''Document 30'''. At our Monthly meeting of East Nottingham held ye 17th day of ye 6th month 1734. "Friends being again mindfull of ye Friends at Monoquesie (Frederick County Maryland) and Opeckon, do in order to give them a visit appoint [[Brown-2475|Jeremiah Brown]] ([[Brown-2471|James Brown]]'s brother), [[Kirk-72|William Kirk]], [[England-2651|Joseph England]] and [[Churchman-129|John Churchman]]." (He married [[Brown-33488|Margaret Brown]], daughter of [[Brown-2503|William Brown]] who is brother of [[Brown-2471|James Brown]].)
'''Document 31'''. Att our Monthly Meeting at East Nottingham the 21st day of the 10th month 1734. "The ffriends appointed to visit ffriends at Opeckon, do report they have so done and that they think it would be of service if a meeting were settled there, which this meeting doth acquiesce with, and orders it be sent to ye next Quarterly Meeting."
'''Document 32'''. Att our Monthly Meeting of East Nottingham held the 18th day of the 11th Month 1734/5. "This Meeting doth request of ye Quarterly Meeting, on behalf of friends at Opeckon, in Virginia, that a Meeting for Worship be settled amongst them."
'''Document 33'''. Att our Monthly Meeting of East Nottingham held the 15th day of ye 12th Month of 1734/5. "The quarterly meeting granted the request of Opeckon Friends, and a Meeting allowed them [[England-2651|Joseph England]], [[White-5054|John White]], [[Brown-2475|Jeremiah Brown]] ([[Brown-2471|James Brown]]'s brother), [[Churchman-129|John Churchman]]." (He married [[Brown-33488|Margaret Brown]], daughter of [[Brown-2503|William Brown]] who is brother of [[Brown-2471|James Brown]].), are appointed to write to them to inform them thereof and advise them to be unanimous in ye place on whereon they sett or build their Meeting House." {{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-8.jpg |align=c |size=m |caption='''121 acres north of the mouth of Opequon Creek in Frederick County Virginia'''
Also Mentions
[[Ross-8490|Alexander Ross]] & [[Bryan-102|Morgan Bryan]], Society of Friends (Quakers) & [[Brown-2471|James Brown Jr]].
''See Also'' }} {{Clear}} *[https://archive.org/details/jstor-4242732/page/n15/mode/2up The Early Westward Movement of Virginia, 1722-1734. As Shown by the Proceedings of the Colonial Council] ''Author: Charles E. Kemper. Publisher: The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography Vol XIII No 2 1905. Page(s): 127 & 128.'' '''Alexander Ross of Chester County, Pennsylvania (Nottingham MM). *[https://archive.org/stream/englishduplicate00desc#page/118/mode/1up English duplicates of lost virginia records] ''Author: Louis Des Cognets. Publisher: Princeton N. J 1958. Page: 118.'' '''Alexander Ross order for 100,000 acres. Most people listed are from Chester County Pennsylvania.''' *[[Ross-8490|Alexander Ross]] & [[Bryan-102|Morgan Bryan]]. [https://archive.org/details/shenandoahvalle00cartgoog/page/n282 Shenandoah Valley Pioneers and Their Descendants] ''Author: Thomas Kemp Cartmell. Publisher: the Eddy Press Corp 1909. Page: 268 & 269.'' *The migration of the Nottingham MM members is mentioned in" Bi-centennial of Brick Meeting-House, Calvert, Cecil County, Maryland. [https://archive.org/details/bicentennialbri00meetgoog/page/n56 Bi-centennial of Brick Meeting-House, Calvert, Cecil County, Maryland] ''Author: Society of Friends Nottingham Monthly Meeting. Publisher: Wickersham Printing Co. 1902. Page: 47 & 48.'' *[https://wwwp.familysearch.org/wiki/en/Elizabeth_Shown_Mills "FAN Club" (Friends, Associates, Neighbors] ''Elizabeth Shown Mills.'' *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluster_genealogy Wikipedia] ''Cluster genealogy.'' *[https://www.familytreemagazine.com/strategies/cluster-collateral-research-find-ancestors/ Cluster Research] *[https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/Genealogical_Proof_Standard Genealogical Proof Standard] ---- {{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-5.jpg |align=c |size=m |caption=Document 6. }} {{Clear}} '''Document 6''' is a recorded marriage between [[Thornburgh-31|Thomas Thornburgh]] and [[Brown-2597|Abigail Brown]]. The marriage was at Opequon, Frederick County, Virginia and recorded as taking place in [[Thornburgh-31|Thomas Thornburgh]]'s own 1st entry as 1st Clerk of New Garden MM, Guilford, North Carolina, as 18 January 1740 (old style) and 29 March 1740 (new style). He records his wife's father as James Brown, of the same place: Opequon, Frederick County, Virginia. Many of the 12 witness's are [[Brown-2471|James Brown]]'s relatives.
{{Red|Subsequent Document images will identify Abigail's father as}} [[Brown-2471|James Brown]]. ---- == North Carolina == {{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-6.jpg |align=c |size=m |caption=Document 7. }} {{Clear}} '''Document 7''' [[Thornburgh-31|Thomas Thornburgh]] and his cousin [[Thornburg-153|William Thornburgh]] produced certificates on the 6th of the 7th month 1752 from Hopewell MM, Frederick County, Virginia, at '''Cane Creek MM, North Carolina'''. ---- {{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-7.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 8. }} {{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-9.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 9. }} {{Clear}} '''Document 8''' East Nottingham MM Chester Pennsylvania. The Monthly Meeting 15th day of the 12th month 1753 . [[Brown-2471|James Brown]] Senr requested by letter a certificate to '''"Cane Creek MM where he currently resides"'''. He is called Senr because one of the persons assigned to make enquires for his fitness was his nephew called [[Brown-31991|James Brown]]. The other person was [[Churchman-129|John Churchman]] who married [[Brown-33488|Margaret Brown]].
'''Document 9''' A certificate was granted 18th 5th month 1754. '''Cane Creek''' is where his son inlaw [[Thornburgh-31|Thomas Thornburgh]] and daughter [[Brown-2597|Abigail]] are living. ---- {{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-10.jpg |align=c |size=m |caption=Document 10. }} {{Clear}} '''Document 10''' The New Garden Monthly Meeting dated 31st day of the 8th month 1754, [[Brown-2471|James Brown]] produced a certificate from East Nottingham MM Pennsylvania. The date on the certificate is 18th 5th month 1754. The same date as ''Document 9''. The meeting of New Garden 31st day of the 8th month 1754 is the 2nd meeting of the certified occurrence of New Garden. ''''Document 10''' is page 12 and the 1st meeting is page 1 and dated 26th of the 5th month 1754. [[Thornburgh-31|Thomas Thornburgh]] was appointed Clerk at this first meeting. '''See image below''' {{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-1.png |align=c |size=l |caption=New Garden MM North Carolina. First Book Minutes Page 1 }} {{Clear}} ---- {{Red|As we can see from}} '''Documents 6 to 10''' [[Brown-2471|James Brown]] {{Red|has a distinct relaltionship with}} [[Thornburgh-31|Thomas Thornburgh]]. {{Red| All}} '''Documents''' {{Red|are of one singular}} '''James Brown'''. {{Red|In the 1759 tax records for this particular area, it does produce 2 Brown's. One is this}} '''James Brown''' {{Red|and the other is a descendant of a Thomas Brown.}} These documents make it clear that [[Brown-2597|Abigail Brown]] married [[Thornburgh-31|Thomas Thornburgh]] and that [[Brown-2471|James Brown]] is her father. The Quaker records are precise. WikiTree profile [[Brown-2597|Abigail Brown]] was originally connected as the daughter of [[Brown-2471|James Brown ]] - (Brown-2471), and her connected brother, James: WT former profile [[Brown-2599]] was merged into her. That James Brown [former WT profile Brown-2599] married a woman named Margaret and they purchased [[Thornburgh-31|Thomas Thornburgh]]'s former land in Frederick County, Virginia. ---- '''New Garden, Guilford MM Records'''
{{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-11.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 11. Pages: 4 & 5. }}{{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-12.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 12. }}{{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-13.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 13. }}{{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-14.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 14. }} {{Clear}} '''Document 11''' Page 4: 30th of the 11th Month 1754, James Brown requests a certificate to Carvers Creek MM.
'''Document 11''' Page 5: 22nd of the 2nd month 1755, James Brown declines his request.
'''Document 12''' 25th of the 7th month 1761. A paper is read out signifying [[Brown-2471|James Brown]]'s sorrow in his outgoing in marriage [marriage to a non-Quaker] and all his other offences against the truth which the Meeting takes satisfaction for the Offence. see '''Documents 2 to 5.'''
'''Document 13''' The 1759 Tax Roll showing [[Brown-2471|James Brown]].
'''Document 14''' The 1759 Tax Roll showing [[Thornburgh-31|Thomas Thornburgh]] and in the same file that shows [[Brown-2471|James Brown]]. '''Document 12''' shows that it is the same '''James Brown''' at '''Documents 2 to 5''', the same as the '''James Brown''' at '''Documents 8 & 9''' and that this '''James Brown''' is the father of [[Brown-2597|Abigail Brown]], who married [[Thornburgh-31|Thomas Thornburgh]] at '''Document 6'''. See Also: *[https://wwwp.familysearch.org/wiki/en/Elizabeth_Shown_Mills "FAN Club" (Friends, Associates, Neighbors] ''Elizabeth Shown Mills.'' *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluster_genealogy Wikipedia] ''Cluster genealogy.'' *[https://www.familytreemagazine.com/strategies/cluster-collateral-research-find-ancestors/ Cluster Research] *[https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/Genealogical_Proof_Standard Genealogical Proof Standard] ---- '''Book 4, Core Sound MM, Carteret County NC'''
[http://www.ncmarkers.com/Markers.aspx?MarkerId=C-35 Core Sound Meeting House, Carteret County NC]
{{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-15.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 15. }}{{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-16.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 16. }}{{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-17.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 17. }} {{Clear}} {{Red|These Documents appear in a}} [https://www.wikitree.com/photo.php/9/9f/Brown-36347-5.pdf Transcription]{{Red|. It states they are Carteret County MM. They are Book 4}} [http://www.ncmarkers.com/Markers.aspx?MarkerId=C-35 Core Sound Meeting House, Carteret County NC].
'''Document 15''' 20th 6th month 1764: Whereas James Brown now a member of Duns Creek Monthly Meeting having been lately in these parts amongst us (where he formerly resided) and having appeared in the work of the ministry without a certificate contrary to the good order established among Friends. Its therefore orderd that a letter be prepared and sent to the sd monthly meeting acquainting them with such his proceedings.
'''Document 16''' 17th of the 10th month 1764, Whereas a minute was made some time ago ordering a letter to be prepared & sent to Duns Creek monthly meeting to represent the case of James Brown. Said letter was now produced, read & approved & ordered to be signed.
'''Document 17''' 18th of the 6th month 1766, A certificate from the monthly meeting at Dunns Creek recommending James Brown to the Care of friends.
'''Document 17''' 9th of the 7th month 1766, James Brown having requested a certificate from hence to Dunns Creek. Ordered that a copy of the letter that was formerly sent in behalf of James Brown and no answer ever returned from sd. meeting – And also to be particularly mentioned a second certificate recommending Sd. James Brown to the ''Xtian care of frie(nds)''. {{Red|In 1766 James Brown was 85 years old.}} '''Document 17''' {{Red|Indicates that James Brown was no longer able to look after his own affairs.}} [https://www.stoppingpoints.com/north-carolina/sights.cgi?marker=Dunn's+Creek+Quaker+Meeting&cnty=Cumberland Dunns Creek].{{Red| Carvers Creek MM & Dunn’s Creek met in a part of Bladen County that became Cumberland County in 1754. Both Carver’s and Dunn’s had attendance sufficient to forward to the Perquimans Quarterly Meeting and Eastern Yearly Meeting a request to be given the status of Monthly Meetings.}} [[Brown-2471|James Brown]] {{Red|did request and decline certificates in 1754/5 to Carvers Creek MM. see}} '''Document 11 pages 4 & 5'''
See: *[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=iPskd53jT9sC&pg=PA56&lpg=PA56&dq=The+Nottingham+Lots:+A+Tercentenary+Celebration+2001+james+brown&source=bl&ots=G_OfJH5XCb&sig=ACfU3U3owD4aLoNcDbcoInT8oq186mtDxw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiX_PypxYjhAhUnRxUIHc__AeAQ6AEwAXoECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=The%20Nottingham%20Lots%3A%20A%20Tercentenary%20Celebration%202001%20james%20brown&f=false The Nottingham Lots: A Tercentenary Celebration 2001] ''Author: East Nottingham Trustees. Publisher: Xlibris Corporation, 2006. Page: 56.'' ---- '''Thomas Thornburg'''
{{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-18.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 18. }}{{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-19.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 19. }} {{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-20.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 20. }}{{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-21.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 21. }} {{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-22.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 22. }}{{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-23.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 23. }}{{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-24.jpg |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 24. }} {{Clear}} '''Document 6''' A recorded marriage between Thomas Thornburgh and Abigail Brown. The marriage was at Opequon, Frederick County, Virginia and recorded in the 1st Book New Garden MM Mens Minutes. The date of marriage was 18 January 1740 old style and 29 March 1740 new style.
'''Document 18''' A list of children of Thomas Thornburgh and Abigail Brown. Most dates have the suffix of "OS" (Old Style) and "NS" (New Style). Entries with only one date are New Style, and only 1 recorded death, that being Hannah born 1754 and dying 20th of the 2nd month 1779.
'''Children:''' #Joseph Thornbrugh born 26th of the 11th mth 1741/2 "OS", 7th of 1st mth 1742 "NS" Frederick County, Virginia; married (1) Wellmet Beeson niece of [[Beeson-157|Richard Beeson]] who married [[Brown-9156|Ann Brown]] who is 1st cousin of [[Brown-2471|James Brown]] (2) Rebecca Mills Morgan, widow of William Morgan. #Thomas Thornbrugh born 11th of 7th mth 1743 "OS", 23rd of 9th mth 1743 "NS" Frederick County, Virginia; married (1) Ruth Hunt (2) Martha Ballinger. #James Thornbrugh born 12th of 4th mth 1745 "OS", 23rd of 6th mth 1745 "NS" Frederick County, Virginia; married Mary Moon. #Sarah Thornbrugh born 3rd of 1st mth 1747/8 "OS", 15th of 3rd mth 1748 "NS". #Elizabeth Thornbrugh born 12th of 1st mth 1748/9 "OS", 24th of 3rd mth 1749 "NS" Frederick County, Virginia; married John Farrington 30 Mar 1765 (mou). #Susannah Thornbrugh born 17th of 7th mth 1751 "OS", 29th of 9th mth 1751 "NS" Frederick County, Virginia; married Isaac Stuart. #Hannah Thornbrugh born 30th of 4th mth 1754 Rowan County, North Carolina. Died 20th of 2nd mth 1779. #Abigail Thornbrugh born 24th of 4th mth 1756 Rowan County, North Carolina. #Judith Thornbrugh born 17th of 12th mth 1757 Rowan County, North Carolina; married (1) Joseph Unthank ( son of [[Unthank-159| Joseph Unthank]] & [[Allen-38837|Ann Allen]]) (2) Jeremiah Horn. #Joshua Thornbrugh born 28th of 5th mth 1760 Rowan County, North Carolina. #Prudence Thornbrough born 4th of 6th mth 1763 Rowan County, North Carolina; married Nathan Hunt as his 2nd wife. #Abigail Thornbrugh mother of the above children died 21st of 4th mth 1780. #Thomas Thornbrugh father of the above children died 9th of 3rd mth 1797. '''Document 19''' New Garden Rowan County now Guilford County. A map showing early Quaker land patents. Thomas Thornburgh's 1761 patent of 628 acres on bush creek Marked with red square.
'''Document 20''' Rowan County NC Patent book 6 page 222. File 564: Thomas Thornbury (sic) 628 acres on Bush Creek waters of the Haw River adjoining the land of [[Mendenhall-24|Mordecia Mendenhall]] and [[Unthank-159|Joseph Unthank]]. Dated 1 December 1761. Also on this page [[Brown-2597|Abigail (Brown) Thornburgh]]'s Non-Quaker brother in-laws, File 560: [[Teague-222|William Teague]] 310 acres dated 9 January 1761. File 561: [[Teague-228|Moses Teague]] 437 acres on both sides of Abbots Creek adjoining the land of [[Teague-231|Elijah Teague]]. Dated 1 March 1759. '''See section titled "Abraham Teague"''' for further land Abbots Creek Rowan County NC concerning [[Thornburgh-31|Thomas Thornburgh]]'s 1st cousin [[Thornborourgh-12|Walter Thornborough/Thornburgh]], [[Teague-229|Abraham Teague]] husband of [[Brown-6859|Anna Brown]] and Thomas and [[Buis-83|William Buis]].
'''Document 21''' Shows the marriage of [[Thornburgh-31|Thomas Thornburgh Sr]] after the death of his 1st wife [[Brown-2597|Abigail Brown]]. He married 2nd [[Stanley-560|Martha Stanley]] 1st January 1783. {{Red| here I mention this researcher has researched the lines of Stanley, Hutchins, Watkins, Johnson and Teague for the last 5 years.}}[[Daly-373|Daly-373]] 14:48, 6 November 2019 (UTC)
'''Document 22''' Is the will of [[Thornburgh-31|Thomas Thornburgh]] it shows among many claimed things his daughter [[Thornburgh-9|Elizabeth]] is alive and her husband is John Farrington who presented his will.
'''Document 23''' Deed dated 19 July 1762: [[Thornburgh-31|Thomas Thornburgh]] for £5 Sterling, 148 acres part of the [https://www.wikitree.com/photo/jpg/Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-20 Original grant dated 21 December 1761] to [[Brown-41484|Thomas Brown]]. This Thomas Brown was originally from Buckingham County, Pennsylvania, and was no relation of [[Brown-2471|James Brown]] of East Nottingham, Chester County, Pennsylvania. The only thing in common is they both went from Pennsylvania to Frederick County, Virginia, to Rowan County, North Carolina, now Guilford County, North Carolina.
'''Document 24''' Deed dated 7 August 1769 for 5 Shillings Sterling 100 acres part of the [https://www.wikitree.com/photo/jpg/Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-20 Original grant dated 21 December 1761] to [[ Thornburg-158|Thomas Thornburgh Jr]]. Once Again See Also: *[https://wwwp.familysearch.org/wiki/en/Elizabeth_Shown_Mills "FAN Club" (Friends, Associates, Neighbors] ''Elizabeth Shown Mills.'' *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluster_genealogy Wikipedia] ''Cluster genealogy.'' *[https://www.familytreemagazine.com/strategies/cluster-collateral-research-find-ancestors/ Cluster Research] *[https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/Genealogical_Proof_Standard Genealogical Proof Standard] ---- '''Abraham Teague'''
{{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-2.png |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 25. }}{{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources-3.png |align=l |size=m |caption=Document 26. }} {{Clear}} ---- '''Documenting James Brown by sources''' {{Red|The text below originally appeared in "Brown Family Issues", June 2019 and was deleted. The migration from East Nottingham PA to Opequon Frederick VA to Guilford NC corresponds to the Quaker images above.}}[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:Brown_Family_Issues Brown Family Issues] One lot of land that he would have inherited by the terms of his fathers will was sold by the sheriff in 1716 to his brother inlaw [[Piggott-154|John Piggott]] because his father had failed to pay the owner William Flower.[https://www.wikitree.com/photo.php/a/a2/Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources.pdf Chester County Pennsylvania Archives, Common Pleas Execution Papers] ''Docket 1714-1725, page 161. Flower v. Brown, Chichester, February, 1716/1.''
'''Under the terms of his fathers will he was not to do anything or act on or disposed of any property without the consent of [[Brown-9165|Mercer Brown]] & [[Brown-2476|Jeremiah Brown]]. He bypassed this by other methods.'''
[[Wilmer-84|Simon Wilmer]], Deputy Surveyor of Cecil County and Sheriff of Kent County Maryland appears on a deed with [[Brown-2472|James Brown Jr]], for which he was paid 2 shillings. The land was sold to John Stevenson of Kent County Maryland.[https://www.wikitree.com/photo.php/a/a2/Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources.pdf MSA-CE-118-12] ''Book 16 Page 181. Date January 6, 1731.'' '''Note all owners sign a Deed. Simon Wilmer's signature or mark does not appear on this document.''' {{Image|file=Genealogical_Documents_and_Sources.png |align=c |size=l |caption=''Simon Wilmer's Fee for sale }} [[Brown-2470|James Brown Sr]] had purchased 200 acres of land from [[Steelman-37|John Hansson Steelman]] who also had dealing with [[Wilmer-84|Simon Wilmer]]. [[Brown-2471|James Brown Jr]]'s brother [[Brown-2503|William Brown]] added 300 acres to the 200 acres and sold it to a Mr Jones aka the Welshman. Jones sold it to John Lackland, he sold it to Henry Baker who sold it to Robert Mcleary. McLeary died and before 1748, Joseph English claim jumped and disposed the widow McLeary from the land. [[Brown-2503|William Brown]] appeared in court over this matter.[http://aomol.msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc2900/sc2908/000001/000028/html/am28--440.html Proceedings of the Council of Maryland, 1732:1753] ''Volume 28. Page: 440 to 443. Date: March 1. 1748.'' '''Note: [[Brown-2503|William Brown]] did not inherit any land in the will of his father. In 1731 [[Brown-2471|James Brown Jr.]]'s brother in-law, [[Mackay-1095|Robert McKay]], and his partner, [[Heyd-64|Joist Hite]], on October 31, 1731 obtained from the Governor and Council of Virginia an order for 100,000 acres of land on the provision that they settle 100 families within 2 years on this land in the Shenandoah Valley.[https://archive.org/details/shenandoahvalle00cartgoog/page/n266 Shenandoah Valley Pioneers and Their Descendants] ''Author: Thomas Kemp Cartmell. Publisher: the Eddy Press Corp 1909. Page: 253.'' Another man from Nottingham who received an order for 100,000 acres in the Shenandoah Valley Virginia was [[Ross-8490|Alexander Ross]].[https://archive.org/details/shenandoahvalle00cartgoog/page/n282 Shenandoah Valley Pioneers and Their Descendants] ''Author: Thomas Kemp Cartmell. Publisher: the Eddy Press Corp 1909. Page: 258 & 269.'' The migration of the Nottingham MM members is mentioned in" Bi-centennial of Brick Meeting-House, Calvert, Cecil County, Maryland"[https://archive.org/details/bicentennialbri00meetgoog/page/n56 Bi-centennial of Brick Meeting-House, Calvert, Cecil County, Maryland] ''Author: Society of Friends Nottingham Monthly Meeting. Publisher: Wickersham Printing Co. 1902. Page: 47 & 48.'' [[Brown-2471|James Brown Jr]] is mentioned in the Encyclopedia of American Genealogy Vol. 6" of Hopewell MM p 357[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015051447657;view=1up;seq=369 Encyclopedia of American Quaker Genealogy Vol. 6] ‘’Author: William Wade Hinshaw. Publisher: Ann Arbor, Mich., Edwards brothers, Inc., 1936. Page: 357.’’ as one of the first members of Hopewell MM Frederick County Virginia although he never formerly acknowledged his marrying out of unity he would still be permitted to attend meetings. He was in the company of many relations, interrelated family members and acquaintances
'''Quoting from Encyclopedia of American Genealogy Vol. 6" of Hopewell MM p 357'''
''One has only to read over the names of the "Fathers of the Colony", all of whom are well known to history to realize the great strength of this remarkable community of Friends. There were: [[Ross-8490 | Alexander Ross]], [[Bryan-102 | Morgan Bryan]], Caleb Pusey, [[Wilson-24187|John Wilson]] Thomas Curtis, [[Thompson-27283|Nathaniel Thomas]], [[Perkins-2015|Isaac Perkins]], [[Hiatt-224|John Hiatt]], Thomas Anderson, [[Mills-319|John Mills]], [[Mills-713|John Mills, Jr]]., [[Beals-91|John Beals]], [[Poteet-248|John Peteate]], [[Robinson-11612|George Robinson]], [[Beeson-30 |Richard Beeson]], [[Looney-60|Robert Luna]], John Richards, [[Chapman-3331|Giles Chapman]], '''James Brown''', Luke Emlen, '''Cornelius Cochrine''', [[Ballinger-126|Josiah Ballenger]], William Hogg, [[Borden-53|Benjamin Borden]], [[Littler-225|John Littler]], [[Wright-3063|James Wright]], [[Frost-2558|John Frost]], Thomas Dawson, [[Branson-109|Thomas Branson]], George Hobson ([[Hobson-126|Sr]]. &[[Hobson-73| Jr]].), [[Thomas-36293|Evan Thomas]], John Calvert, [[Morgan-128|Morgan Morgan]], [[Parrell-4|Hugh Parrall]], [[Davis-11877|James Davis]], [[Babb-135|Thomas Babb]], [[Davis-11876|Edward Davis]], [[Hood-358|John Hood]], [[Hollingsworth-94|Abraham Hollingsworth]], [[Taylor-5018|Simeon Taylor]], and many others.''
[[Brown-2471|James Brown Jr]] patented land dated 12 November 1735 concerning 121 acres north of the mouth of Opequon Creek in Frederick County Virginia[http://image.lva.virginia.gov/cgi-bin/GetLONN.pl?first=351&last=&g_p=P16&collection=LO Virginia Library LVA Catalogs] ''121 acres north of the mouth of Opequon Creek in Frederick County Virginia. Page(s): 351 & 352.'' and its sale in 1738 to [[Teague-8|William Teague]], which shows "James Brown's" wife at the time of sale was called "Abigail". She was also said to be too sick to travel to court to sign documents. '''The above mention land was part of the order made to [[Ross-8490|Alexander Ross]].'''[https://archive.org/stream/englishduplicate00desc#page/118/mode/1up English duplicates of lost virginia records] ''Author: Louis Des Cognets. Publisher: Princeton N. J 1958. Page: 118.'' His daughter [[Brown-6859|Anna Brown]] married [[Teague-229|Abraham Teague]] son of [[Teague-8|William Teague]] purchaser of the above 121 acres.
His daughter [[Brown-2597|Abigail Brown]] married [[Thornburgh-31|Thomas|Thornburgh]]. He made no other purchases or sales of land except the 121 acres. He then removed to Rowan/Guildford Court North Carolina. [[Brown-2471|James Brown]] was already in Alamance County North Carolina prior to 1753, having followed his son-in-law, [[Thornburgh-31|Thomas Thornburgh]], and daughter, [[Brown-2597|Abigail Thornburgh]], from Frederick County, Virginia, Hopewell MM. The minutes of East Nottingham MM that record the letter from [[Brown-2471|James Brown]] requesting a certificate to Cane Creek MM North Carolina. By the time he received a certificate [[Thornburgh-31|Thomas Thornburgh]] and daughter [[Brown-2597|Abigail Thornburgh]] had removed to New Garden MM so he produced his certificate there. This corresponds to the records of the 2nd meeting of the friends of New Garden MM North Carolina.[https://archive.org/details/newgardenfriends00hilt/page/14 New Garden Friends Meeting : the Christian people called Quakers] ''Author: Hiram H. Hilty. Publisher: North Carolina Friends Historical Society, North Carolina Yearly Meeting, New Garden Meeting, 1983. Page: 15.'' He is in the company of family members who were also from Hopewell MM, Frederick County Virginia: [[Beeson-30|Richard Beeson]], [[Beeson-128|Benjamin Beeson]] and [[Beeson-27|Wm Beeson]].[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015002304221;view=1up;seq=517 Encyclopedia of American Quaker Genealogy Vol 1] ‘’Author: WIlliam Wade Hinshaw. Publisher: Ann Arbor, Mich., Edwards brothers, inc., 1936. Page: 487.’’
[[Brown-2471|James Brown]] is shown in the [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/353587?availability=Family%20History%20Library 1759 Rowan County NC Tax Records][https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G987-2CBG?i=217&cat=353587 Tax records (Rowan County, North Carolina), 1758-1892] ''James Brown, 1759 Rowan County NC Tax Records.'' and so is [[Thornburgh-31|Thomas Thornburgh]].[https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G987-2C15?i=215&cat=353587 Tax records (Rowan County, North Carolina), 1758-1892] ''Thomas Thornburgh, 1759 Rowan County NC Tax Records.'' == Sources ==

Ancestry.com. Genealogical gleanings in England [database on-line]. Provo, UT: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005. Original data: Waters, Henry F.. [G]enealogical gleanings in England. Boston: New England Historic Genealogical Society, 1901

__TOC__ ==Introduction== Mainly used by the Puritan Great Migration Project, this page is used as a summary page for tracking updates to WikiTree based on recently published research about New England families. ===New England Historical and Genealogical Register=== ====2023 (Vol 177)==== *[[Space:NEHGR_Updates_-_Winter_2023|NEHGR Updates - Winter 2023]] *[[Space:NEHGR_Updates|NEHGR Updates - Spring 2023]] *[[Space:NEHGR_Updates_-_Summer_2023|NEHGR Updates - Summer 2023]]

This page is intended to be an enhanced citation for the publication "Genealogical notes on the Dunning family in America". == Description == * Main Authors: Milo Benjamin Dunning and Silas Wright Dunning * Language(s): English * Published: June 25, 1915 - publisher information not given * Subjects: Dunning family * Description: Booklet, 36 pages (archive.org version adds 6 pages at beginning and 6 more at end totalling 48 pages) == Online Copies == * This publication is available online at [https://archive.org/details/genealogicalnote00dunn/page/n5/mode/2up archive.org]. == Hard Copies == * This publication has been reprinted several times with different covers. Copies may be purchased through Amazon (possibly other vendors). Copies should also be found in the genealogy section of libraries and genealogy/history societies. == Related Publications == * Fred W. George and Lieut. Col. M. B. Dunning (Ret'd.), [[Space:The Descendants of Theophilus Dunning|'''Descendants of Theophilus Dunning''']], "The Colorado Genealogist" Vol. 5 No. 1 (Jan 1944) through Vol. 10 No. 4 (Oct 1949) - from the bottom of page 11 * Lieut. Col. M. D. Dunning (Ret'd.), '''Some Descendants of Andrew Dunning''', "The Colorado Genealogist" Vol. 10 No. 3 (July 1949) through Vol. 11 No. 3 (July 1950) - Probably the records referred to on page 10 under Andrew Dunning. * Henry E. Dunning, [[Space:Descendants of William Dunning 1783|'''Descendants of William Dunning (1783-1852)''']], publisher unknown, compiled to Jan 1947 (extension to "Theophilus") * Lieut. Col. M. B. Dunning (Ret'd.), '''Descendants of John Dunning''', "The Colorado Genealogist" Vol. 14 No. 1 (Jan 1953) through Vol. 14 No. 2 (Apr 1953), compiled 12 Jun 1951 (extension to "Theophilus") * Lieut. Col. M. B. Dunning (Ret'd.), '''Descendants of William Dunning''', "The Colorado Genealogist" Vol. 14 No. 3 (July 1953) through Vol. 14 No. 4 (Oct 1953), compiled 12 Nov 1952 - Probably the records referred to on pages 10/11 under Samuel Dunning. * Lieut. Col. M. B. Dunning (Ret'd.), '''Descendants of Rev. Benjamin Dunning''', "The Colorado Genealogist" Vol. 15 No. 1 (Jan 1954), compiled 8 May 1953 (extension to "Theophilus") * Lieut. Col. M. B. Dunning (Ret'd.), '''Descendants of Urbane Dunning''', "The Colorado Genealogist" Vol. 15 No. 3 (July 1954), compiled 1 Oct 1950 (extension to "Theophilus") * Lieut. Col. M. B. Dunning (Ret'd.), '''Descendants of Charles Franklin Dunning''', "The Colorado Genealogist" Vol. 15 No. 4 (Oct 1954) through Vol. 16 No. 2 (Apr 1955), compiled 21 Nov 1952 (extension to "Theophilus") * Lieut. Col. M. B. Dunning (Ret'd.), '''Descendants of Silas Dunning''', "The Colorado Genealogist" Vol. 17 No. 4 (Oct 1956) through Vol. 18 No. 4 (Oct 1957), compiled 2 Jan 1950 (extension to "Theophilus") == Caveat == Like all sources, the contents of this publication aren't always correct. I have found several errors and omissions when processing my branch of the family. Any users of this publication should definitely try to find other records to corroborate all facts found herein. That said, it is correct enough to be useful as a guide to researching the family.

''These are notes gathered by his niece Marilyn Jacobson Buesing, of Bill Jacobson's early years, and of others of his family. It includes special coverage of his Uncle John's tragic death.'' == Memories of Bill Jacobson from Clarence Skaaden == : '''''Notes taken by Marilyn Buesing''''' ''What do you remember about Bill Jacobson?'' '''Willie.''' : We always called him Willie, never Bill. : He lived with us for awhile, Melvin did, too, but at a different time. : I remember Bill as a “happy-go-lucky” guy, he always had a grin on his face and he was a “natty” dresser. I can still remember a great suit that he had, it was brown with a threads of red about 1/2 inch apart in it. He “filled out that suit” like it was tailored for him. And polished shoes, he always had shiny shoes. He was quite a dancer, you know. (''Where did people go to dance?'') Back in those days we went to the dance club. '''Cars''' : Bill liked cars, his first car was a Model-T Touring car. Those cars had a cloth top and a back seat and ran with a magneto, not a battery. After awhile the top would rot off and the magnetos would stop working The top was gone on this car, and the magneto didn’t work. You had to push it to get it started. I remember one time we did that, Bill sat in the driver’s seat and Melvin and Gordy and I pushed it to get it started. It started up and Melvin and Gordy jumped in fast but I didn’t get in quick enough so Bill stopped the car, I got in, then they pushed it to get it started again. : I remember that he had a little “Willys” car. It was a pea-green color, and it got good gas mileage. One day when Bill was living with us, he came home with another car. He had traded in his Willys for a Willys-Knight car, it was a big car and a gas hog. My dad got frustrated with Bill for getting a car that used a lot of gas. : Then Bill got rid of that and came home with a “Diamond T. stake truck“, and my dad said, “Now what are you going to do with that?” Bill said, “I’m going to hire myself out for hauling.” '''Jobs''' : I remember that he had a job working for a furniture company that made wooden frames for furniture. It was on 27th or 29th and Central Ave. in northeast Minneapolis. : I saw him there when I was riding my bike. : After the war (WW2), Bill worked for Fanny Farmer. He used to travel around to the different stores and clean the windows. I remember that Melvin worked for a candy company, and he didn’t like licorice anymore, because he had seen how they made it. '''Football''' : Bill played football for Columbia Heights High School. that must have been in about 1927 or 28. I sent them, (his family) a “tear sheet” about it once. There wasn’t a picture though. '''Lived with his Uncle Kris Skaaden for a while.''' : Bill lived with us for awhile, did you know that? : He played the accordion. The last time he came to visit, my mom gave his accordion to him, she had saved it. Bill played it pretty good, but not as good as my dad (Kris Skaaden). : He lived with us because his dad threw him out. Bill was living out by Heart Lake, Rachel’s (wood?). He was sleeping in his car and living on bananas that he got from somewhere. My dad went there and brought him back to live with us. '''Cross-county Skiing''' : Bill and Melvin would let me go with them when they went cross-country skiing. They went towards Anoka. They’d bring a Karo can, the kind that syrup comes in, and fill it with snow, build a fire and make coffee. Sometimes they would have potatoes and would set them in the fire until they were cooked, then they’d peel off the black parts and eat them. Sometimes Aunt Betty would send bread with them. '''Haircuts''' : My mom, Bill’s aunt Betty, used to cut Bill and Melvin’s hair out in the back yard. Melvin would come over with his hair hanging down in his eyes and my mom would say, “Out there on the chair.” And she’d give him a haircut. '''Mary (Skaaden) Jacobson''' : Aunt Mary made the best meatballs and gravy and potatoes! They were good! I can still remember them. Aunt Mary always called me, “Clearance.” instead of Clarence, it sounded like the word “clearance” sale. '''Scarlet Fever.''' : Bill had scarlet fever once. Back in those days they would quarantine the house when someone had measles or mumps or scarlet fever. The other kids were told to “walk on the other side of the street” when they saw a quarantine sign on a house. Bill’s house had a Scarlet Fever sign out front, I remember that it had black letters on a white background. A measles sign would have white letters on a red background. (''Me- “When was that?”'') : I was in Silver Lake School then, it went up to the 7th grade. Bill must have been in High School, Columbia Heights High School. '''Melvin.''' : Melvin took me to my (Clarence’s) first movie. It was Rin Tin Tin, and it was at the Heights theater. The place was so packed that night that I had to sit on Melvin’s lap. : Every Saturday night they would have prizes that you could register for, like dishes. '''Houses.''' : Bill (said Clarence) lived on Reservoir Blvd. Virginia (daughter of Julia Skaaden, marred Frank Golon) lived upstairs. Melvin, Bill, and Mary lived downstairs. That was when Mary moved out an Andrew, before she went back to him. I remember that we all played the game “Pick-up Stix” together. (''from an E-Mail from Clarence Skaaden, Feb. 16, 2002'') : 2 more Willie tails - Before he came to live at our house he rode across country on the freight trains looking for work. Not much luck. He told me one time about coming back to Minnesota, it was very cold and none of the box cars were open so he was riding between two cars in the open. He had a hard time holding on because his hands were so cold. : Maybe your dad told you about their trip to Washington State to pick apples. Willie had a model A ford coupe. Your dad and that friend of Willie's worked on the car along side of our garage. They used my dads tools. The 3 of them left for the West. There was not much work out there, so they came back with a lot of apples. Have a nice trip and hello to all. Give them my email if someone would like to contact me. Bless you and take care of your Mom, Scottie (Clarence Skaaden is Bill’s cousin. Clarence’s father and Bill’s mother were brother and sister.) == Marilyn’s research == '''Parents arrival in U. S.''' : 1904, Andrew comes to Halifax, Canada, then to Scandinavia, Wisconsin. He filed Declaration of Intent to become a Citizen papers on March 28th 1904. ( but didn’t file second papers because he, “Moved to Minnesota and neglected it”. (from information on the 1918 Alien Reg. form, and information on the 1920 Census form) : (Bernice Jacobson Winter said that Andrew came from Norway with his brother Carl J.) : Bernice said that her dad, Severin Jacobson, came to U. S. with his mom, Mathea, and dad, Julius, Severin was 16 years old. He later told his children that after the long boat trip he couldn’t stand up for awhile. : 1907. Dec. 8, Marie Skaaden arrives in New York, from Norway. (Alien Reg. form.) '''Marriage of his parents.''' : 1911, August 26th, Andrew, 26 years, and Mary Skaaden, 22 years, were married, in Minneapolis, Minnesota, John and Anna Jacobson were witnesses. I have the certificate. '''William Jacobson is born.''' : 1912, July 3rd, Bill was born in Mpls. : 1914, Dec. 30th, Gladys was born in Clearbrook, Mn. : 1916, Sept. 28th, Melvin was born in Clearbrook, Mn : 1918, Feb. 27th, Andrew filled out a Alien Registration form. : Length of Residence in twp. of Greenwood, 4 years. : Date of birth, Jan. 22, 1886. : Port of entry to U. S., Halifax Canada. : Date of arrival, 1st of April. (No year given) : Where and when have you ever taken out first papers of naturalization in the U. S.? March 28th, 1904, Waupaca, Wisconsin. : why not second papers? moved to Mn. and neglected it. : Do you own farm lands in Mn.? Yes, I own and reside on the N. E. 40 of S. E. 1/4 of Section 26 in town of Greenwood and value it at $1115.00, (number is hard to read.) : Do you own any personal property such as cattle, sheep, horses, autos, farm mach. etc.? Cattle, $300.00, horses $150.00, machinery $200.00, household goods $100.00. : Signed his name, Andrew Jacobson. : Line of work, farming. '''Bill’s Uncle Oscar is killed in France.''' : 1918, Sept 30th, Bill‘s uncle Oscar Jacobson aged 24, died in WW1 and was buried in France. He was in the Canadian Infantry, (Manitoba Regiment) 78th Bn. '''Clear Brook, Minnesota.''' : 1920 Census, Minnesota, Clearwater County, Greenwood Twp. E. D. 49, sheet 6, page 2644. : line 16-20. : Jacobson, Andrew, head, home owned, (not rented), mortgaged, (not free), male, white, 34 years, married, year of immigration-1904, naturalized, able to read and write, b. p. Norway, mother tongue is Norwegian, father and mother born in Norway, their mother tongue is Norwegian, Andrew can speak English, occupation, farmer, home farm, own account-(not salaried) Farm number-88. : Jacobson, Marie, wife, 30 years, married, year of immigration-1908, Alien, can read and write, she’s born in Norway and mother tongue is Norwegian, mother and father born in Norway and speak Norwegian, can speak English. : Jacobson, Willie, son, 7 years, b. p. Mn., attended school since, Sept. 1919?--blank for Willie, Gladys and Melvin. mother tongue-blank for the children. : Jacobson, Gladys, dau., 5 years, b. p. Mn. : Jacobson, Melvin, son, 3 3/12 years. '''Clearbrook, Mn.''' : (''Notes taken by Marilyn while talking to her dad about their life in Clearbrook.'') : On January 17, 1997, I asked dad if he had to do chores when he was little. : He said, “I was the young one, I didn’t have any chores. I would get up in the morning and my mother would start a fire in our heavy metal stove. The cat would sometimes curl up in it at night and in the morning the cat would sometimes forget to get out of there. : I would ask Grandma, (Mathea), if I could make buttermilk, I would always love to churn it.” : (''Marilyn--He loved to drink buttermilk all his life.'') : “I remember Grandpa, (Julius) would sit me on a stump to talk to him. He taught me a poem in Norwegian, in English it goes like this, :: Cat sat on the roof, (The Norwegian sounded to me like, “Katten satten“) :: Talking to the cousins, :: What shall we do when winter comes? :: We will buy shoes for the cat. : “I also remember that grandpa put his cigarette under his mattress.” : Mel remembered his mother telling him how in Norway she would walk the cows down the hill to the barn. Mary milked the cows, all her sisters milked the goats. : Melvin said, In Clearbrook we had an “all Norwegian” one room school, even the teacher was Norwegian! : When we moved to the cities, I only spoke Norwegian. Gladys tried to teach me to read but I really wasn’t reading it, I was memorizing and recited it after listening to Gladys. One day the teacher changed the lesson from what we had expected and I couldn’t read ANYTHING!. == John is killed == '''Bill’s Uncle John is killed on Christmas Eve, while walking with his brothers.''' : 1921, December 25th, Minneapolis Morning Tribune. : '''Man Is Killed by Auto Truck.''' : Father, After Christmas Tree, : Is Run Down , : Driver Fails to Stop. : The family of John Jacobson, 1912 Twelfth Avenue North will not gather around a Christmas tree this morning as it had expected to do. While on his way to cut a tree for his family last night, Mr. Jacobson was struck by a heavy automobile truck,, and killed. : The accident occurred at Thirty-seventh Avenue Northeast and Reservoir Boulevard. After striking Jacobson, the truck-driver speeded on his way without stopping. : Mr. Jacobson was walking in the middle of the road, accompanied by his two brothers, Christ and Andrew, both living at 3900 Johnson Street Northeast. : The truck came from behind and the three brothers did not hear it until the car was almost upon them. Christ and Andrew leaped one to each side of the road. Mr. Jacobson who was in the middle, went down under the wheels of the truck. The heavy machine passed completely over his body, and went on. : The brothers and L. R. Johnson, 3700 Johnson Street Northeast, who witnessed the accident, did not get the truck’s number. Before the police ambulance had arrived, Mr. Jacobson was dead. : The three brothers planned a joint Christmas celebration at John Jacobson’s home for their families. : 1921, December 25th, Minneapolis Journal. : '''Autoist Runs Down Christmas Reunion Party, Killing One.''' : Father, On Way Home to Play Santa Claus, Victim of Speeding Motorist. : Driver Flees; Brother’s Capture Attempt Fails. : Detectives today are seeking an unidentified automobile driver whose car last night killed John O. Jacobson, aged 42, 906 Twelfth Ave. N, ending in a tragedy the Christmas Eve reunion of four brothers. : The driver escaped despite the efforts of one of the brothers, who was dragged for half a block while he clung to the side of the machine and attempted to climb aboard. He failed only after the autoist succeeded in shaking him off by zigzagging rapidly along the road. : In keeping with a custom of several years standing with John Jacobson, together with Adil Jacobson, 619 Fifteenth av. S. E., and Christ Jacobson, 1?27, (1327th?) Aldrich av. N., went to the home of the fourth brother, Andrew Jacobson, 3900 Johnson St. N. E. last night for dinner and the annual exchange of Christmas gifts. :: Start for Wife’s Party. : From that place the brothers had planned to go to John’s home and a Christmas party prepared by his wife when gifts were to be presented to his children. There are four children in the family, Arnold, Aged 11; Mary, 7; Alive, 4, and Harriet, a baby of but a few months. : The route to the street car took the brothers along the Reservoir road from thirty-ninth to thirty-eighth street. They were walking side by side when an automobile approached them from the rear. The machine was traveling fast, Andrew Jacobson told the police, and they did not see it until it was almost upon them. : Auto Strikes Man Down. : Warned by the noise of the car when it was only a few feet behind them, the four brothers attempted to leap to safety. All of them succeeded in getting out of the way except John, who was struck by the car, the wheels passing over his body. : Chris told police that he succeeded in getting a grip on the side of the car, intending to force the driver to stop. He said there was a second man in the machine which was an enclosed touring car. The driver saw him, Chris said, and swerved sharply to the side of the road to force him off. : When this failed the driver began to zigzag back and forth across the road and finally jarred him loose. He said the obtained the number of the machine, which is being investigated by the police. : John was unconscious when his brothers picked him up and carried him to the automobile of L. R. Johnson, 3700 Central Av., and started for the General hospital. He died before he could be given medical attention. An examination showed death was due to a fracture of the skull. : Death Certificate says, John Jacobson, 906-12 Ave. N., 3rd Ward. : Death occurred in Automobile on way to General Hospital. : Length of residence in city where death occurred was 16 years. : Married to Anna Amundson Jacobson. : Date of Birth, March 28, 1880, age 41 years, 8 months, 26 days. : Occupation, Baker, at Fli, St. Baking Co. : Birthplace, Lille Hammer, Norway. : Father, Julius, Jacobson, b. p. Lille Hammer, Norway. : Maiden name of mother, Mathea Olson, b. p. Norway. : Informant, Andrew, 3900 Johnson St. N. E. : cause of death, Automobile accident, skull fracture, place of death 37th Ave. N. E. Reservoir Blvd. : Buried, Crystal Lake Cemetery Dec. 29th, 1921. == More of Marilyn's Notes == '''From the Mpls., Mn. City Directory,''' : 1930, Jacobson, Andrew, baker, People’s Bakery Inc., House, 3926 Tyler St. N. E. : People’s Bakery Inc., Peter Kramer Pres. Jacob Silvers, 1016 6th Ave. N. : My dad, (Marilyn’s) told me that his dad raised rabbits behind the house at 3926 Tyler St. (later they moved to 3928 Tyler.) He said that they had 200 rabbits. Melvin’s job was to go out across the street to the field and father clover to feed them. Melvin said, “My dad sold them for their meat.” (''Marilyn-- I have a picture of Gladys in a tree and in back of her there are hundreds of dead rabbits hanging upside down on a clothesline.'') : 1931, October 5, I have a check signed by Andrew with the address of 3928 Tyler St. N. E. '''Bill’s Uncle has trouble with the law.''' : August 1930, Frank Golon pleads “not guilty” to assault and battery, he’s adjudged “guilty“, and ordered to pay a fine of $15.00. : 1931, June, Frank Golon is charged with assault and battery again, paid fine again. '''Bill’s father has trouble with the law. October, 1931.''' : Bill is 19 years old, Gladys- 17, Melvin is 15 years old. : Found at the Mn. History Center, in Anoka Co. Records, Col. Heights. Mun. Court, 1920-1969, 12 boxes, found this in Box 3, 1926-1933, cases 700-1699, Leonard Keys, Justice of Peace, 1926-29, 112.E. 17.8F-2 : Municipal Court, City of Columbia Heights, County of Anoka, State of Mn. : Page 1493, : 1931, October 16, James French files a complaint against Andrew for, “Sale of Intoxicating Liquor”, the Andrew plead, “not guilty”, the court found Andrew, “Not Guilty”. : (Where is page 1494?) : Page 1495 , : 1931, October 16, James French files , makes complaint against defendant, Andrew Jacobson, for “maintaining a nuisance”. On October 19th, cause is called, defendant, being in custody and to court is arraigned and plead “not guilty” whereupon James French is sworn and testifies in behalf of the state and defendant in his own behalf, testimony closed whereupon it is ordered that defendant, pay a fine of $100.00 dollars and in default thereof be imprisoned in the workhouse of the City of Columbia Heights until said fine is paid not exceeding the term of 90 days. : Page 1496, : Same day, James French files a complaint against Andrew for Possession for Sale. Andrew pleads “not Guilty”, He is ordered to pay $100.00. : Page 1497, : Same day, James French files a complaint for “Manufacture of Liquor”, Andrew pleads “Not Guilty”, is ordered to pay $100.00. : 1931, December 12, Andrew paid the county of Anoka a fine of $109.00 for Maintaining a nuisance, on October 19, 1931, Judge P. ?. Johnson, Municipal Court, city of Columbia Heights. : (''Marilyn,--I don’t know if he had to pay a fine for each of these charges or just one payment of 109.00.'' My dad said that they “lost their house” because of Andrew selling liquor. So maybe the charges all had to be paid separately. My dad said that he was so embarrassed by this, that it was in the newspapers and everyone saw it. Bernice Winter, a niece of Andrew‘s, Severin‘s daughter, said that one time Andrew heard of an impending “raid“ and that she helped him pour liquor down the drain. She said that Bill refused to help and Andrew “hollered and screamed at him, Bill left and wouldn’t help.) : (A funny thing I saw while doing research.) : page 1673. : May 8, 1933, James French filed a complaint against the Cedar Lake Ice Company for selling ice without a license. They were ordered to pay a $5.00 fine, but the fine was suspended.) '''Trips.''' : Bill and Mel and Gordy Davis, went to Tacoma, Washington in 1936. They visited Anna and John Hale. Anna was a daughter of Simon Skaaden and his first wife, Ellen.( Mary Skaaden was a daughter of Simon and Inga.) They went out west to pick apples and berries to earn money. '''Bill’s grandfather, his father’s father.''' : Julius Jacobson’s Obit. : Farmer’s Independent (Bagley Newspaper) : 1936, July 26 : '''Aged Leon Resident Passed Away July 16.''' : Wilhelm Julius Jacobson, resident of Leon township since 1911, died Thursday, July 16th. his death was attributed to the heat. he was 71 years of age. : Mr. Jacobson was born in Lillehammer, Norway, March 11, 1855. He came to the United States in 1907 and settled at Scandinavia, Wis. until 1911. : Surviving are his wife and five sons; Carl Jacobson of California, Andrew Jacobson of Minneapolis, and Adil, Christ and Severin of Clearbrook. There are 25 grandchildren and five great grandchildren. : Funeral services were held at Clearbrook on Saturday, July 18th with burial at the Greenwood cemetery. '''Tent Meetings''' : Notes I (''Marilyn'') took while listening to Aunt Donna, Coral’s sister, and Uncle Jack Innes recall Tent Meetings. Jim Innes was Jack’s dad and an Elder in the Assembly. : In 1936 the tent meeting was held in Columbia Heights, across from the park. Donna (about ten years old then) walked up there, Coral must have gone, too. : They thought they remembered that John Watt preached. : He couldn’t preach past 9 p. m. because the curfew siren went off at 9 p.m. I said, “What siren?”, Jack said it was a curfew siren. “It’d about lift you out of year seat! It was loud! The kids were supposed to be in their houses about 5 minutes after the siren went off.” : There were 6 weeks of meetings. As a result of these meetings, the Bak family started coming to N. E. Chapel. (Then Mike Bak wrote a letter to Melvin and when Melvin and Bill returned from their trip out west, Melvin started going to Northeast Gospel Hall and then became a Christian. (Story in Peggy Tuniga’s book) : Jack Innes and his family were already attending Northeast. : Jack said that there were “rewards” given for going, ( to the tent meetings? or to the chapel?) : There was another Tent meeting at 27th and Cleveland, maybe that same summer. : Pat Magee led the singing, he’d give out a number out of the hymnal. Then Jack said something about a man named, Bentson Clyde Dennis. (But I don’t know what he said about this man.) '''Ice Cream''' : Afterward Jack’s family would go to “Don Ed’s” (on Hennepin and Lake Street in Mpls.) and get a double-decker Ice cream come for a nickel! : Jack also sang to me (''Marilyn'') part of the Pepsi song, “12 full ounces, that’s a lot!” : His father, Jim Innes, worked for DeSoto Ice cream Company. Jack remembers that when they would go out to eat and the waitress would ask if he wanted any dessert Jim would ask, “Do you have DeSoto Ice cream?” If the answer was , “No“, then he would say, “Then I don’t want any dessert.” '''De Soto Ice Cream Company''' : Bill and Mel worked for Jim Innes at Desoto. Once Jim had to lay off someone and he laid off Mel. : Andrew and Mary came to some of the meetings at Northeast Gospel Hall. '''Mathea Jacobson’s Obit.''' Bill’s grandmother, his father’s mother. : Farmer’s Independent , (Bagley Newspaper). : 1947, May 8 : '''Funeral Rites held for Holst Pioneer Lady.''' : Funeral services were held April 30th at 2 p. m. for Mrs. Mathea Jacobson , who passed away at the Emil Christianson home in Holst township, April 27, at the age of 88 years. Officiating at the services was Rev. Espeseth of Fosston, Arrangements were in charge of H. L. Halterman of Clearbrook. The services were held in the Greenwood church and burial was made in the church cemetery. : Born and raised in Norway, she came to this country in 1907. She was preceded in death by her husband, Julius; also three sons; John, Oscar and Carl, and one daughter, Emma. She leaves to mourn her passing, Andrew, Adil, Chris, and Severin; one brother, Ingvold Lundy (should be Lunde); one sister Mrs. Martha Christianson; 26 grandchildren and 38 great- grandchildren. : Marthe Christianson was a kind and loving person being honest and upright and dearly loved by all who knew and associated with her. : : : She will be greatly missed from their midst. '''(Mathea’s sister’s obit.)''' Clearbrook Leader Newspaper. : 1950, Oct 19. : Mrs. Marthe Christianson called to rest. : Mrs. Marthe Christianson passed away at the Memorial Hospital in Bagley, Tuesday Morning, Oct. 10th, after a lingering illness. she suffered a stroke on August 29th which left her left side paralyzed and a second stroke on October 1. She was 82 years 9 months and 1 day of age at the time of her passing. A complete Obituary will be published in the next issue. : Clearbrook Leader, 1950, Oct. 26. : '''Early Pioneer Called to Rest October 10th.''' : Mrs. Marthe Christianson passed away on Tuesday morning at 4;30 o’clock at the Bagley hospital as the result of a second stroke received on the first of October. She had suffered the first stroke more than a month previously. She was eighty-two years, nine months and one day at the time of her death. : Marthe Olson Lunde was born January 9th, 1868, in Ostre Gausdal Gudbrandsdalen, Norway to Ole and Olia Lunde. She was baptized and confirmed in the Lutheran faith. She emigrated from Norway to the United States as a young girl of 19 in 1887 and settled in Reynolds, N. D. where she was married Nov. 13, 1889 to Ole Ingvald Christianson. : Six children were born to this union, four daughters were born at Reynolds, N. D.; one, Alpha, died in infancy. Both of the sons were born in Greenwood township. : They came here to Greenwood township and took a homestead in June, 1896. Occupation this homestead took place a year later. : She was one of the original 8 members who started the First Ladies’ Aid at Greenwood after some of the same group of ladies and their husbands got the first church services started, both being conducted in the family homes. : She resided on the homestead in Greenwood township until her husband’s death on March 22, 1928, when she came to Clearbrook to reside intermittently with her daughters Mrs. Selmer Nelson and Mrs. Fred Gustafson. : She leaves to mourn her passing one brother, Ingvald O. Lunde of Bagley; three daughters; (Selma) Mrs. Andrew Ness of Caldwell, Idaho; (Myrtle) Mrs. Fred Gustafson of Clover township; (Judith) Mrs. Selber Nelson of Clearbrook and two sons Arnold Christianson of LaPorte, Minn, and Guy Christianson of Los Angeles, Calif. Seven grandchildren also remain to mourn her sad loss. They are Mrs. Joe Kanta Jr. and Jerome Ness of Caldwell, Idaho, Ilef Gustafson of Bremerton, Was., Hollace Gustafson of Clover township, Merle Nelson of Yankton, South Dak., and Cpl. Lyle Nelson of Arlington, Va. and Nine great grandchildren. she is also survived by several nieces and nephews; one niece living in Norway. : Marthe Christianson was a kind and loving person being honest and upright and dearly loved by all who knew and associated with her. : : She will be greatly missed from their midst. '''Adil Jacobson’s Obit.''' (Bill’s Uncle, Andrew’s brother.) : Farmers Independent, Bagley Newspaper. : 1964, May 26. : '''Minneapolis Rites Planned for Adil Jacobson.''' : Adil Jacobson, a former resident of Clearbrook died Monday May 25th at General Hospital in Minneapolis after an extended illness. He was 76 years 3 months and 9 days old. Born in Norway, February 16, 1888, He came to the United States as a young boy. he farmed North of Clearbrook for approximately 20 years leaving the area in the late 1930’s. He was a veteran of WWI. : His parents, 3 brothers and one sister preceded him in death. Then it listed his children which I didn’t copy this time.

== Proof of the Birth Year of [[Secor-58|John Secor]] == === Summary of Findings === '''[[Secor-58|John Secor]], confirmed as living in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, from at least 1810 through 1840, was born sometime from 1776 to 1780.''' The following DOB ranges were given for [[Secor-58|John Secor]] of Providence and then Blakeley, Luzerne, Pennsylvania: *1810: 1766-1784 *1820: 1776-1794 - Together with 1810 age ranges, narrows year to 1776-1784 *1830: 1771-1780 - With 1810 and 1820 age ranges, narrows year to 1776-1780 *1840: 1771-1780 - With 1810, 1820, and 1830 age ranges, narrows year of birth to 1776-1780 (Note: The person whom I believe is this same John Secor, living in Carmel, NY In 1800 was born sometime from 1774-1784.) === Itemized Research Findings === 5 assertions from 5 sources were considered in evaluating this claim. *The United States Census, 1810 - Providence, PA[4] asserts that John Seacord is head of household in Providence, Pennsylvania. Free White Persons - Males - 26 thru 44:1. **If John Secor was between age 26 and 44 in 1810, his birth year range would be from 1766-1784 *The United States Census, 1820 - Providence, Luzerne, PA[5] asserts that Head of Household: John SecorHome in 1820: Blakeley, Luzerne, PennsylvaniaEnumeration DateAugust 7, 1820; Free White Persons - Males - 26 thru 44:1. **If John Secor was between age 26 and 44 years old in 1820, his birth year range would be from 1776-1794. *The United States Census, 1830 - Blakely, Luzerne, PA[3] asserts that John Secor is head of household in Blakely, Luzerne, PA; Free White Persons - Males - 50 thru 59:1. **If John Secor was between age 50 and 59 in 1830, his birth year range would be from 1771-1780. *The United States Census, 1840-Blakeley, Luzerne, PA[2] asserts that In 1840, John Secor is listed as head of household in Blakeley, Luzerne, Pennsylvania, Free White Persons - Males - 60 thru 69:1. **If John Secor was between age 60 and 69 in 1840, his birth year range would be from 1771-1780. *The United States Census, 1800-Carmel, Dutchess, NY[1] asserts that John Secord is head of household, living in Carmel, Dutchess, New York. Age range is 16 to 26, is living with a female in the same age range and a girl under the age of 10. Also on this same page of the census are an elder Isaac Secord and a Robert Secord. **If John Secor was between age 16 and 26 in 1800, his birth year range would be from 1774-1784. == Sources == *1. "United States Census, 1800," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33S7-9RZ5-1S8?cc=1804228&wc=3V1X-STF%3A1585148702%2C1585148341%2C1585148346 : 10 June 2015), New York Dutchess Carmel image 3 of 9; citing NARA microfilm publication M32, (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.). *2. "United States Census, 1840," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XHTV-7R8 : 16 August 2017), John Secor, Blakeley, Luzerne, Pennsylvania, United States; citing p. 26, NARA microfilm publication M704, (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.), roll 471; FHL microfilm 20,549. *3. "United States Census, 1830," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XHPR-CJJ : 12 August 2017), John Secor, Blakely, Luzerne, Pennsylvania, United States; citing 298, NARA microfilm publication M19, (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.), roll 145; FHL microfilm 20,619. *4. "United States Census, 1810," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33SQ-GYYK-YC4?cc=1803765&wc=QZZC-BLS%3A1588180803%2C1588181534%2C1588180713 : 1 December 2015), Pennsylvania Luzerne Pittstown image 1 of 3; citing NARA microfilm publication M252, (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.). *5. "United States Census, 1820," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XHL5-7XL : accessed 11 March 2019), John Secor, Blakeley, Luzerne, Pennsylvania, United States; citing p. 215, NARA microfilm publication M33, (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.), roll 105; FHL microfilm 181,410.

==Mission== The Genealogical Society of Kendall County (GSKC) objectives are: * to promote the study of family research * to collect and preserve biographical data and records of the people of the community and their ancestors * to build and maintain a genealogical library * to offer programs of genealogical interest to its members and to the general public * to conduct education programs related to genealogy and family history. ==Family History Place== {{Image|file=Genealogical_Society_of_Kendall_County-1.jpg |align=c |size=350 |caption=Family History Place }} The Society is located in '''The Family History Place''' located at 114 E. Blanco Street, Boerne, Texas. The space is shared with '''The Family History Center (FHC) of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (LDS'''). The facilities of the Family History Place are open to the public. Click on this link for current hours - [https://gskctx.org/index.php GSKC home page]. ==Programs== '''Library''' - The library holds a collection of approximately 6000 books, journals, manuscripts, maps, and some records salvaged from the county courthouse. Teacher reports to county school district and poll tax records are among these county records. A list of the periodicals and more information including a searchable online catalog of the library is available on our website - see link below. '''First Families of Kendall County''' - The purpose is to recognize the direct living descendants of persons instrumental in founding and settling of the area encompassed by present day Kendall County, Texas and to preserve the history of their families and of Kendall County. This project began in 1999. So far applications have been approved for 294 different individuals. One hundred fifty-three (153) Founders and ninety-nine (99) Early Settlers have been documented and recognized. They represent one hundred thirty-one (131) different families in Kendall County. There are two hundred thirty-seven (237) volumes of First Families notebooks on the shelves at the Family History Place. '''Computer Center -''' The Family History Center includes 4 computer terminals provided and maintained by the LDS. These terminals provide free access to many premium websites including American Ancestors (New England Historic Genealogical Society), Ancestry, FindMyPast, Fold 3, MyHeritage, NewspapersArchives.com plus others. Printing and copying machines are available for a small fee. ==GSKC Meetings and Upcoming Events== The society has monthly meetings at 10:00 on Saturdays Sept - June. Meetings are held at the Patrick Heath Library in Boerne, Texas. Most meetings will have a guest speaker. Each year a Seminar is held with a professional speaker. A list and description of the upcoming events can be seen at [https://gskctx.org/eventListings.php?nm=38 Upcoming Events] ==Membership== To support the society's work, you are encouraged to become a member. Membership dues are very reasonable. You can join online from our website. To see the dues and to join, click on [https://gskctx.org/cpage.php?pt=51 Join GSKC] Membership benefits are: * Access to skilled researchers * Genealogical education classes * Monthly classes (online & in-person) * Member discount on the Annual Seminar * Annual group research trip to the Family History Library in Salt Lake City (optional) * Kendall County First Families Progam * GSKC Newsletter - Keys to the Present * GSKC Journal- Keys to the Past * Annual cemetery tour event ==Contact Information== [https://gskctx.org/ Genealogy Society of Kendall County website] See phone and email at [https://gskctx.org/contact.php Contact Us] Visit Us On [https://www.facebook.com/GenealogicalSocietyOfKendallCounty Facebook] Please let us know if you found us on WikiTree. ==Members Of== [https://www.txsgs.org/ Texas State Genealogical Society] [https://www.ngsgenealogy.org/ National Genealogical Society]

On this page I present in the first part the genealogical symbols and characters I use on WikiTree and in correspondence. The second part contains other family history characters found in treatises. The prerequisite for me is that they are unique and can be easily displayed with a computer keyboard. ==1. Genealogical characters used by me== {| border="2" cellpadding="9" |- ! align="left" style="background:#d4d4d4;"|'''Symbol''' ! align="left" style="background:#d4d4d4;"|'''Bedeutung''' ! align="middle" style="background:#d4d4d4;"|'''English''' ! align="middle" style="background:#d4d4d4;"|'''Bemerkung''' |- |* |geboren (geb.) |born (b) |Asterisk-Zeichen (Sternchen) |- |(*) |außerehelich geboren |born illegitimate |Sternchen in runden Klammern |- |~ |getauft (get.) |baptized (p) |Tilde-Zeichen (Wellenlinie) |- ||+ |gestorben (gest.) |died (d) |Plus-Zeichen |- |[] |begraben (begr.)| begraben (begr.) |buried (t) |zwei eckige Klammern |- |() |eingeäschert |cremated |zwei runde Klammern |- ||+* |Totgeburt |stillborn |Plus-Zeichen und Sternchen |- |*+ |am Tag der Geburt gestorben |died on the birthday |Sternchen und Plus-Zeichen |- |X |gefallen (gef.) |killed in action at war |großes "X" |- ||+X |an im Kampf erlittenen Wunden gestorben, tödlich verwundet |died of wounds suffered while at war |Plus-Zeichen und großes "X" |- |(+) |vermisst |missed |Plus-Zeichen in runden Klammern |- |(X) |im Kriegseinsatz vermisst |missed in action at war |großes "X" in runden Klammern |- |o |verlobt (verl.) |engaged |ein kleines "o" |- |oo |verheiratet (verh.) |married (m) |zwei kleine "o" |- |Ioo |1. Ehe |1st marriage |zwei kleine "o"; großes "I" (römisch I) vorangestellt |- |IIoo |2. Ehe |2nd marriage |zwei kleine "o"; zwei große "I" (römisch II) vorangestellt |- |IIIoo |3. Ehe |3rd marriage |zwei kleine "o"; drei große "I" (römisch III) vorangestellt |- |IVoo |4. Ehe |4th marriage |zwei kleine "o"; großes "I"und großes "V" (römisch IV) vorangestellt |- |Voo |5. Ehe |5th marriage |zwei kleine "o"; großes "V" (römisch V) vorangestellt |- ||o|o |geschieden (gesch.) |divorced |zwei kleine "o" mit Trennstrich dazwischen |- |o-o |uneheliche/freie Verbindung (unehel.) |illegimate or common law union (nm) |zwei kleine "o" mit Minus-Zeichen dazwischen |- | ☽ |Montag (Mond) |Monday (Moon) |(U+263D) |- | ♂ |Dienstag (Mars) |Tuesday (Mars) |(U+2642) |- | ☿ |Mittwoch (Merkur) |Wednesday (Mercury) |(U+263F) |- | ♃ |Donnerstag (Jupiter) |Thursday (Jupiter) |(U+2643) |- | ♀ |Freitag (Venus) |Friday (Venus) |(U+2640) |- | ♄ |Samstag, Sonnabend (Saturn) |Saturday (Venus) |(U+2644) |- | ☉ |Sonntag (Sonne) |Sunday (Sun) |(U+2609) |- |} ==2. Other genealogical characters== {| border="2" cellpadding="9" |- ! align="left" style="background:#d4d4d4;"|'''Symbol''' ! align="left" style="background:#d4d4d4;"|'''Bedeutung''' ! align="middle" style="background:#d4d4d4;"|'''English''' ! align="middle" style="background:#d4d4d4;"|'''Bemerkung''' |- |*, ∗, ✶,＊, ⁎, ᛉ |geboren (geb.) |born (b) |(U+2217), (U+2736), (U+FF0A), (U+204E) , (U+16C9) |- |(⁎) |außerehelich geboren |born illegitimate |("(" + U+204E + „)“) |- |〰, ﹏ , ≈ , ⚵ |getauft (get.) |baptized (p) |(U+3030), (U+2248), (U+FE4F) |- |†, ✠, ✝us, ᛣ, |gestorben (gest.) |died (d) |(U+2020), (U+271D), (U+2720), (U+16E3) |- |▭, ⚰︎, ⚰, ▯ |begraben (begr.)| begraben (begr.) |buried (t) |(U+25AD), (U+26B0 U+FE0E), (U+26B0), (U+25AF) |- |⚱ |eingeäschert |cremated |(U+26B1) |- |✝* |Totgeburt |stillborn |(U+2020 + U+002A) |- |*✝ |am Tag der Geburt gestorben |died on the birthday |(U+002A + U+2020) |- |⚔ |gefallen (gef.) |killed in action at war |(U+2694) |- |✝⚔ |an im Kampf erlittenen Wunden gestorben, tödlich verwundet |died of wounds suffered while at war | (U+2020 + U+2694) |- |(†) |vermisst |missed |("(" + U+002A + „)“) |- |(⚔) |im Kriegseinsatz vermisst |missed in action at war |("(" + U+2694 + „)“) |- |⚬, ° |verlobt (verl.) |engaged |(U+26AC), (U+00B0) |- |⚭, ∞, ✕ |verheiratet (verh.) |married (m) |(U+26AD), (U+221E), (U+2715) |- |I ⚭ |1. Ehe |1st marriage |(I + U+26AD) |- |II ⚭ |2. Ehe |2nd marriage | (II + U+26AD) |- ||⚮, o/o, %, ⧞ |geschieden (gesch.) |divorced |(U+26AE), (U+29DE) |- |⚯ |uneheliche/freie Verbindung (unehel.) |illegimate or common law union (nm) |(U+26AF) |- |†† ++ ‡ |Diese Linie ist ausgestorben |this line is extinct |zwei benachbarte Kreuze |- |!! |Pfarrer |pastor, priest |zwei Ausrufezeichen |- |/Name |Kind von „Name“ |child of "Name" |Name des Elternteils nach Querstrich |- |✡ |jüdisch gestorben |died jewish |U+2721 |- |☪ |moslemisch gestorben |died as muslim |U+262A |- |☸ |buddhistisch gestorben |died as buddhist |U+2638 |- |♂ |männlich |male |U+2642 |- |♀ |weiblich |female |U+2640 |- |⚥ |zweigeschlechtlich, transsexuell |transgender |U+26A5 |- |⊕ Y |Erstkommunion |First Communion |U+1F728, Y |- |☧ |Konfirmation, Firmung |confirmation |U+2627 |- |}

A chart of the descendants of Thomas Rutherfoord of Coldstream compiled by William Freer Rutherford, Chartered Bank of India, Singapore and China, 1st May 1921

My personal photos and musings connected with Wikitree research. Some photos could be attached to notable profiles. Some photos I upload here for posting in Wikitree Weekend Chat and other G2G features.

The goal of this project is to gather family trees of Moroccan jews in the same location (WikiTree) and to identify family relationship. Indeed, in Morocco, there were no Census and no official documentation until recently (1930). In addition, the vast majority of Moroccan jews left Morocco and Moroccan Jewish community is spread out all over the world, mostly in Israel, France and Canada though. Thus, today family history and genealogy rely mostly on memory of the elders. Right now this project just has one member, me. I am [[Levy-2058|Raquel Levy-Toledano]]. Here are some of the tasks that I think need to be done. I'll be working on them, and could use your help. * Reach out to any individual of Jewish Moroccan descent you know * Ask them to register to WikiTree (using the project tag ?) and to enter basic information on themselves, their parents, their grandparent and great-grandparent, and all there ancestors there are aware of. * Basic information for each individuel entered in the WikiTree include: last name at birth, first name, year of birth, place of birth, year of death, place of death. Family link (spouse, child) with any other individual entered or already included in WikiTree Will you join me? Please post a comment here on this page, in [https://www.WikiTree.com/g2g G2G] using the project tag, or [https://www.WikiTree.com/index.php?title=Special:PrivateMessage&who=23286403 send me a private message]. Thanks!

Uit: http://www.homanfree.nl/Hamming/hamming1/hamming1-frm2.htm, om te voorkomen dat de website ooit niet meer te zien is. Zou jammer zijn van alle informatie. {{Image|file=Genealogie_hamming.pdf |caption=Genealogie hamming Image 1 }}

== Genealogie Buiting == : laatste update: 4-2-2012 : I Johan BUITING, ette Oostermoer 1547-1560, geb. circa 1510. :Johan Buiting toe Bunne (Buinen) is ette voor Oostermoer in 1549 en 1560.[1] Waarschijnlijk is deze identiek met de Butinck toe Bunne die als ette in 1553, 1557 en 1558 genoemd wordt.[2] In 1573[3] en 1576 komt ook nog een Hindrik Buiting te Borger voor.[4] :Hendrik van Uterwyck tegen Johan van Rechteren, namens Johan Arends Buitinck, wegens de eigendom van enkele landerijen nabij het goed De Kolk, met name in het Molenbroek.[5] Niet zeker dat dit deze Johan Buiting betreft. :Kind: ::1. m Arent BUITING, geb. circa 1540 te Buinen (zie II). : II Arent BUITING, geb. circa 1540 te Buinen, zn. van Johan BUITING (zie I). :Op een goorsprake van 1596: "Willem Olde Eytinge laet Luitgen Campinge ende Arent Buiting gerichtlijk afeysschen ende verbieden, sodanige roggen ende gueder als sijn huisvrouwe van haer halfbroer Arent Buiting aangeerft ende gestorven sinne".[6] Waarschijnlijk zijn Luitje Campinge en Willem Old Eijtinge zwagers. :Kind: ::1. m Johan BUITING, geb. circa 1570 te Buinen (zie III). : Het vervolg van deze genealogie, met diverse bronvermeldingen, is te vinden in het toegevoegde PDF-file. {{Image|file=Genealogie_Johan_Buiting.pdf |align=l |size=800 |caption=Genealogie Buiting. }}

GENEALOGIE VAN DE FAMILIE BUIJENSE COMPLIED BY C. BUIJENSE STOLWIK 1986 Nieuwsgierigheid naar wat onze voorvaderen hebben gedaan» naar wat hen heeft bewogen, naar de plaatsen waar, en de omstandigheden waaronder zij hebben geleefd, dat was het wat nij heeft aangespoord het speurwerk te ver¬richten en het niet te laten rusten. Naar het aantal bleek de familie niet erg groot te zijn. Een van de eerste vragen wat mij bezig hield, betrof de naan. Waaraan heeft de naam Buijen- se zijn ontstaan te- danken gehad. Waar is hij vandaan gekomen. Er zijn naamgenoten, die hierover fraaie theorieën weten te ontvouwen. De naam zou afkomstig zijn van een Franse sol¬daat, terwijl een ander denkt aan een Zeeuwse haringvisser. De haringlogger was een buis en de schipper de buisman. Ik ben echter nog^ nie¬mand tegen gekomen, die van zulke theorieën een aanvaardbare praktische basis wist te ver¬schaffen. Onze eigen Nederlandse deskundigen» zoals A. Huizinga, zegt hiervan in zijn"Encyclopedie van Voornamen", dat Buije wellicht een andere schrijfwijze was voor Booi en Buijen een Pa- tronumicum (naam, die is afgeleid van de naam van de vader) van Buije. Uit de doopboeken van Bergambacht blijkt Buij- en een Patronym te zijn, te weten, op 24 de¬cember 1690 is gedoopt: Jaapje van Buijen Gerritse. Zo kan vrijwel zeker worden vastge¬steld, dat onze Buijensestam zijn wortels in de Krimpenerwaard heeft geschoten. Dat proces heeft ruim drie en een halve eeuw geleden een aanvang genomen. De boom heeft zich daarna voorspoedig ontwikkeld met takken en zijtak¬ken in velerlei richting. Losse fragmenten, waarvan aansluiting tot de stamboom niet aantoonbaar is, waren de doop te Schoonhoven van Ariaentgen op 13 februari 1650 en op 23 november 1651 Reijer, beiden kinderen van Gerrit Buijens en Aechjen Jacobs en te Bergambacht op 24 december 1690 van Jaapje en op 27 mei 1696 van Gerrit, beiden kinderen van Buijen Gerritse. Te Bergambacht werd op 20 oktober 1732 begra¬ven Annigje Buijense, van wie verder geen ge¬gevens te vinden waren. Ouds bekende voorvader was Maarten Buijense, van wie mag worden verondersteld, dat hij in 1696 in Stolwijk is geboren. Van zijn ouders is niets bekend, behalve, dat zijn vader Jan moet hebben geheten, gezien het feit, dat zijn oudste zoon de naam Jan droeg. Het was gebrui¬kelijk, dat de eerste zoon de naam kreeg van de vaders vader en de dochter die van de moe¬ders moeder. Dieper spitten in de kerkelijke archieven heeft tot niets geleid, gevolg van het feit, dat de familienaam Buijense op een vroeger tijdstip in de Krimpenerwaard blijkbaar nog niet leefde. De mensen werkten met het eerder genoemd Patronymicum, zoals Jan Pieterszoon of Jannetje Klaasdochter, namen waarmee als zodanig voor een betrouwbare genealogie weinig of niets is te beginnen. De "Burgerlijke Stand" van onze verre voorva¬deren vertoont nogal wat hiaten. Hij geeft in bepaalde opzichten reden tot enige onzekerheid. Men dient hierbij te bedenken, dat drie- vier eeuwen geleden de bevolkingsadministratie nog niet zo perfect was als tegenwoordig. Tot 1812, toen de wettelijke basis werd ge¬legd voor een goed functionerende bevolkings-boekhouding, werden de geboorten, huwelijken en overlijden in de desbetreffende kerkelijke registers opgetekend. Daar heeft echt wel eens iets aan gehaperd, vandaar dat de heden¬daagse onderzoeker zeer tot zijn leedwezen al te vaak op een lacune stuit, die hem voor raadselen plaatst. Door combineren moet hij dan proberen de zaken op hun plaats te krij¬gen. De hiaten kunnen zijn ontstaan door ver¬schillende oorzaken. De boeken kunnen zijn vernield of ernstig beschadigd door brand of watersnood. Zij kunnen bij verhuizingen zijn zoekgeraakt. Het minste is wel, dat niet iede¬re scriba ze met de meeste zorg heeft bijge¬houden. Ik geneer me niet te erkennen, dat ik enkele probleempjes niet tot een oplossing heb kun¬nen brengen. Neem het geval Annigje Buijense. De vrouw komt in de kerkelijke doop- en trouwregisters van haar dagen niet voor. Dat zij wel degelijk heeft bestaan, blijkt door haar overlijden. In het Gaarderboek van Bergambacht (waarin de ontvangsten zijn opgetekend onder meer van het begraven), werd haar leeftijd ook niet vermeld. De grote gezinnen van onze voorouders waren niet zo groot, als de aantallen geboorten doen voorkomen. De natuur trad corrigerend op langs de weg van ontstellend grote kinder¬sterfte. Men denke hierbij aan epidemiën en choleragolven. In overlijdensregisters staan soms beroepen van kinderen. Kinderarbeid was gewoon. Misschien komt er na mij nog wel eens iemand, die voor opengebleven vraagstukken een oplos¬sing weet te vinden. Daarmee is dan meteen gezegd, dat de stamboom niet af is, hij zal in feite nooit af zijn. Want na ons komen nieuwe generaties Buijense, steeds weer. Er komt geen eind aan. V/at mij betreft, ik heb mijn best gedaan, de stamboom zo volledig mogelijk te maken. De gegevens van de genealogie lopen tot en met 1983.

This is a document in my possession that was prepared by my grandfather, Nieklaas Lindemulder, in 1989. It is a hand-typed document that contains some geneology of the family of his wife, Elisabeth Veenstra. It includes other family information for the Bos and van Klompenberg et. al. families. Also enclosed are photocopies of documents and letters. It is entirely written in Dutch.

Voor deze genealogie zijn o.a. de volgende bronnen gebruikt: Genealogie Ten Rodengate, Drents Genealogisch Jaarboek 1999

= Genealogie-acadienne.net = [http://genealogie-acadienne.net/ Généalogie Acadienne] is a website compiling genealogical information of Acadians. It is maintained by author and amateur genealogist [http://www.leandremaillet.com/ Léandre Maillet]. It is a good collection of secondary sources, but the author himself warns us to double check the information! "Attention : je ne suis pas un généalogiste professionnel. Je vous suggère donc fortement de vérifier les informations du site avant de les tenir comme valides. Mise en garde : beaucoup d'informations proviennent de sources secondaires, donc non vérifiées; ou de la nécrologie de journaux ou de salons funéraires. Dans ce dernier cas, il est souvent impossible de déterminer si la personne est mariée, en union libre ou conjoint de fait. Je vous suggère de valider ces informations à partir d'autres sources."

"Genealogies - NORTHRUP to RUGGLES; Extracted From: History Of The Towns Of; New Milford And Bridgewater, Ct. (1803 – 1882); Hartford, Conn: Press Of The Case, Lockward And Brainard Co. 1882 [Transcribed by Sandra Boudrou]" 1. ROBERTS, Eli, came from Cheshire, New Haven Co., Ct., to New Milford, and settled on a farm about one mile east of New Milford village. He and his wife brought letters from the church in Cheshire, and united with the Congregational Church in N. M., Nov. 11, 1750. "Mr. Eli Roburds died Sep. 25, 1754." 2. Peter. 3. Benjamin. 4. Eli. 5. Lydia; m. James Bradshaw. 6. Ann; m. Isaac Moss. 7. Eunice; m. Simeon Chandler. 8. Tabitha; m. Oliver Canfield. 9. Susanna; m. Deliverance Wakelee, Dec. 8, 1768. 10. Mary; not m. 2. Peter, son of Eli, m. Mary _____. she brought a letter of church membership from Cheshire, in 1755. 11. Matthew, bapt. Sep. 28, 1755. 12. Elizabeth, b. Sep. 15, 1752; d. Aug. 15, 1753. 13. Samuel, b. Sep. 30, 1754. 14. Ann, bapt. Sept. 27, 1755. 15. Eliakim, b. Dec. 6, 1761. 3. Benjamin, son of Eli, m. Ann Bostwick, Nov. 15, 1756. He was chosen constable in N. M. Dec. 1751, and was quite active thereafter in town offices and interests. His real estate transactions were quite numerous. 15. Hannah, b.Nov. 20, 1757; m. Abraham Peet, Mar. 16, 1775. 16. Abraham, b. Oct. 7, 1759. 17. John, b. Mar. 30, 1762. 18. Benjamin, b. June 21, 1765; d. Jan. 5, 1771. 19. Eli, b. June 28, 1769; removed to Vermont, and after some years, he removed to St. Lawrence Co., N. Y. 4. Eli, 2d, son of Eli Roberts, m. Abigail Durand of Derby, May 31, 1763. 20. Durand, b. Feb. 17, 1764. 21. Adrian, b. Mar. 29, 1767. 16. Abraham, son of Benjamin, had the following children, and possibly others: 22. Mary; m. Minor Treadwell and d. in Franklin, N. Y. 23. Benjamin. 24. Asahel B. 25. Eli. 17. John, son of Benjamin and Ann Roberts, m. Jane Camp, Jan. 1, 1788. She was born Nov. 14, 1764, and d. Jan. 26, 1812. He m. 2d, widow Sally Bunnell, July 3, 1816. He was a farmer and carpenter builder, and resided on his father's and grandfather's homestead on Second Hill, east of the village. He built many of the older houses now standing in the village. He d. June 24, 1836. 26. Ann, b. Nov. 16, 1788; m. John Ryder in 1880; lived in Danbury, where she d. Feb. 25, 1844. 27. Garradus, b. June 16, 1790. 28. Lyman, b. Feb. 15, 1792; m. Eliza Stone in 1823; resided in Kent, where he d. Oct. 24, 1847. 29. Hannah, b. June 1, 1794; m. Lyman Hine, in 1815. 30. William, b. Oct. 25, 1796; m. 31. Jennett, b. Dec. 16, 1798; Edward B. Force, a manufacturer in N. J., in 1843; d. Dec. 28, 1880, in N. M. 32. Abraham N., b. July 8, 1801; m. 33. Eliza, b. Oct. 6, 1803; m. Levi S. Knapp. 34. Mary, b. Aug. 12, 1806; m. Albert Pickett. 19. Eli, son of Benjamin and Ann Roberts, m. Jerusha Booth, June 21, 1820. He removed to Vermont, and after some years, to St. Lawrence Co., N. Y. 35. Susan Maria, b. Mar. 15, 1821. 36. Josiah Cornelius, b. Dec. 3, 1823. 23. Benjamin, son of Abraham Roberts, m. Hannah Downs, Oct. 12, 1812. 37. Daughter, b. Aug. 1, 1813; d. 38. Hannah H., b. Mar. 26, 1817. 39. Annis, b. Oct. 30, 1821. 27. Dea. Gerardus, son of John and Jane Roberts, m. Charlotte, dau. of Daniel Lines, July 25, 1832. He was a farmer on the homestead of his father on Second Hill nearly all his life, except a few years he was engaged with his brother, Wm. Roberts, in the mills at Gaylordsville. Near the close of life he built a house in N. M. village, and resided in it until his decease, Apr. 14, 1861. He was Colonel of the militia, and was known largely by the name of Colonel Roberts. 40. Jennette; was graduated at Mt. Holyoke Seminary; was a teacher in a Ladies' Seminary at Willoughby, Ohio, and d. Sep. 9, 1854, ae. 21 years. 41. William J., b. May 1, 1836. 42. Emily. 43. Sarah Jane. 30. William, son of John and Jane Roberts, m. Eliza Gaylord, Oct. 25, 1820. 44. William J., b. June 4, 1821; was drowned at Gaylordsville; went over the mill-dam; and his remains were found four months after. 45. John, b. Dec. 19, 1824; was graduated at Union College the last of July, 1850; returned home, and was taken ill with typhoid fever, and d. Sep. 30, 1850. 46. Henry, b. Feb. 25, 1827; m. 1st, Helen Abels, and had son George. She d., and he m. 2d, Sarah Jane Hepburn, and had William and Flora. 47. Earl, b. Oct. 17, 1832; d. "with the black canker," July 29, 1841. 48. Orrin, b. May 14, 1837; lives with his father. 32. Abraham, son of John and Jane Roberts, m. Ann Maria Merwin of Newtown, and resided in the northern part of Northville. 49. Henry Merwin; d. in the war in 1862. 50. Mary; m. 51. Andrew; d. in late war, in 1862. 52. Jane; m. John Williams. 53. Eliza. 41. Capt. William J., son of Ferardus and Charlotte Roberts, was graduated at Yale College in 1859; m. Ann Eliza Horton of Hartford, Ct. He went in the war of the late Rebellion, as Lieutenant; was promoted to be Captain; contracted lung disease by exposure; returned home and continued his law studies in the office of Judge D. C. Sanford, and was admitted to the bar; but his health continued to fail, and he died June 30, 1870. 54. Caroline Eliza.http://dunhamwilcox.net/ct/new_milford8.htm ==Source==

Website compiled by Robert A. Walker, PhD, over several years of research. His sources include first-hand knowledge and recollection, family interviews, family bibles and other handwritten notes, and public records. The resources are currently housed at http://robertawalkerphd.com/genealogy, although the future stability of the site may be at risk.

== The Genealogies of the early families of Weymouth, Massachusetts == ''The Genealogies of the early families of Weymouth, Massachusetts'', published in 1984 by the Genealogical Publishing company '''is a reprint of volumes 3 and 4''' of ''[[Space:History_of_Weymouth_Massachusetts|The history and genealogies of Weymouth, Massachusetts]]'' published in 1923 by the Weymouth Historical Society, Weymouth, Mass. (Wright & Potter Printing Co., Boston, Mass.). '''The information and page numbers are the same as the original.''' Please consider citing the original work as it is in the public domain and widely availabe online: ''[[Space:History_of_Weymouth_Massachusetts|The history and genealogies of Weymouth, Massachusetts]].'' === Available online at these locations === This publication is not online. See also: *https://www.worldcat.org/title/genealogies-of-the-early-families-of-weymouth-massachusetts/oclc/11042693

* '''Part of [[Space:Heering_Digital_Library | Heering Digital Library]]''' === Genealogisches Handbuch der baltischen Ritterschaften, Teil: Estland === https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/search?filter=volumes%3A%22bsb00000602%2FBV019649125%22 * '''Stackelberg, Otto Magnus von: Genealogisches Handbuch der estländischen Ritterschaft, Bd.: 1, Görlitz, [1931]''' * '''Stackelberg, Otto Magnus von: Genealogisches Handbuch der estländischen Ritterschaft, Bd.: 2, Görlitz, [1930]''' * '''Stackelberg, Otto Magnus von: Genealogisches Handbuch der estländischen Ritterschaft, Bd.: 3, Görlitz, [1930]''' === Available online at these locations: === * Bd.: 1, Görlitz, [1931] ::* https://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/0000/bsb00000600/images/index.html * Bd.: 2, Görlitz, [1930] ::* https://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/0012/bsb00127527/images/index.html * Bd.: 3, Görlitz, [1930] ::* https://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/0000/bsb00000601/images/index.html

* '''Part of [[Space:Heering_Digital_Library | Heering Digital Library]]''' === Genealogisches Taschenbuch der Adeligen Häuser, Brünn === Genealogisches Taschenbuch der adeligen Häuser * Brünn: Buschak und Irrgang, 1882-1894 === Available online at these locations: === * Moravská zemská knihovna v Brně ::* http://www.digitalniknihovna.cz/mzk/periodical/uuid:e69d3a80-81be-11e3-a70e-005056822549 * 1884 Neunter Jahrgang ::* http://www.digitalniknihovna.cz/mzk/view/uuid:da1aad50-7db9-11e3-b0d1-005056827e51?page=uuid:ba5f5690-8823-11e3-83a0-005056825209

A genealogist, [http://lindacorupe.com Linda Corupe], was contracted in the Spring of 2019 to conduct research into the Wards of Ernestown prior to the year 1840. She was asked to look for all Wards in the Ernestown area and also for Gideon Shurtliff and David Perry. (husbands of Mary Ward and Elizabeth S Ward, respectively) Here is a compilation of her findings from the emails she sent back. Subsequent emails resulted in an iterative collection and refining of sources, so the information on this page contains the latest information determined. This entire list constitutes a To-Do list where the sources need to be collected, cited, and attached to their respective profiles. == Midland District Land Board == === Hastings County - Deeds Book C === * #248: Gideon Shurtleff purchases lot 10, conc 7 of Huntingdon Township, from Archibald & Mary Nicholson in 1812. Deeds Book 'C', Hastings County. Entry #248. Page 52. He sells it to William Ward in 1816 (witnessed by Amos Martin).Deeds Book 'C', Hastings County. Entry #333. Page 138. * #332: William Ward witnessed sale of land from Archibald Nicholson, Camden Twp to Amos Martin, Ernestown on Mar 16, 1816. == Midland District Surrogate Records == * no wills for the Ward family in the appropriate years. == Wills filed with Land Records - Lennox & Addington County == * Margaret Ward - Will filed with the land record "Will of Margaret Ward" - Land Records of Lennox & Addington County, Ernestown District. Book 16 / v. 194 (1897-1900). Page 314. Memorial 7098. Microfilm 1731067. DGS 8638966, Image 53 (Online at [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C3HF-5SH4-Q?i=52&cat=484736 FamilySearch.org] Image 53.) * Samantha Ward - Will filed with the land record * Samuel Ward - Will filed with the land record (Camden, dated 1878) * Gideon Shurtliff - Will filed with the land record == Ebenezer Lutheran Church in Lennox == * no records for the Ward family in the appropriate years. == Langhorn's Marriage Registers == * Mary Ward ** Witness for marriage of William Willcox (Augusta) and Sabra Fairfield (Ernestown) on Aug 28, 1797 ** Married Gideon Shurtliff - both of Ernestown on Feb 1,1798. Witnesses: William Ward, David Lockwood, Rufus Shorey * William Ward ** Witness for marriage of Mary Ward and GIdeon Shurtliff Feb 1, 1798 == McDowall Marriage Registers == * Moses Ward of Ernestown married Polly Colton of Richmond on Apr 20, 1802 * Elizabeth Ward married David Perry, both of Ernestown - Oct 18, 1802 * Samuel Ward married Elizabeth Smith, both of Ernestown - Sept 17, 1805 * John Ward married Chistiana Hough, both of Ernestown on July 26, 1807 * Timothy Stancliff of Loughborough married Jane Campbell of Kingston on Nov 27, 1809 == McDowall Baptism Registers == * Sabara- born to parents Samuel Ward and Lydia Smith on Sept 25, 1810 * Chester Ward - born to parents Samuel Ward and Lydia Smith on Apr 27, 1812 == Rev David Wilson Baptisms 1856 == * No Wards listed == Midland District Court Records == === Assize Court - Serious crimes === * no records for the Ward family up to 1829 === Quarter Sessions Court - Middle Court === =====1789-1816:===== * John Ward was on the jury in January of 1802, and in April 1811 * There was a dower barring for the wife of Joel Huffman on the sale of Lot 22, Conc. 7 of Ernestown to John. * In 1816, John Ward was appointed constable for the King's Ground on Point Frederick ** Linda noted: ''Interestingly, in a book on the history of Freemasonry, is a note that an emergency meeting of the Kingston Lodge was called on September 15th, 1819 for the purpose of burying a Brother Ward, who had died at Point Frederick.'' * Moses Ward sued Donald McDonell for assault and battery in 1803 and won * Moses Ward was on two juries in October of 1814 * William Ward's wife, Sarah, was barred of her dower when her husband sold lot 24, conc. 6 of Ernestown to Jacob Kesler in 1809. * William Ward served on two juries in April of 1801 and again in October of 1802. * When Gilbert Storms sold lot 27, conc 7 of Ernestown to William Ward in 1807 - Gilbert's wife was barred of her dower. * Gideon Shurtliff served on a jury in October of 1801, in October of 1802, and in April of 1811. =====1816-1832:===== * All records are missing =====1832-1838:===== * Gideon Shurtliff Jr served on a grand jury in Oct 1834. His father had been summoned as well, but was excused because of his age. === Magistrates / Summary Court - Minor Crimes === * Most records did not survive. Of the records that survived - Nothing found === Court of Common Pleas === * (1789-1792) - Asahel Ward listed == Court Records Lennox & Addington == === Quarter Sessions Court === * Frontenac - Mention of James and Mary Anne Ward * Marshall Ward and a Seth Ward mentioned == Cemetery Records == === Ernestown Area === * Bath United * Ernestown Cemetery * Morven Cemetery * Snider Cemetery * St. John's Anglican in Bath * Union Presbyterian & Methodist * Bayview Cemetery * Bicknell Cemetery * O'Hara Cemetery * Burleigh Cemetery * Davy Farm Cemetery * Fellows Cemetery * Loyst Perry Cemetery * McIntyre's Corners * Miller Millhaven Cemetery * Shibley Farm Cemetery * St. Linus R.C. Cemetery * St. Mary's R.C. Cemetery * Switzerville Cemetery * Union Lutherlan Cemetery * Violet Cemetery * Wilton Cemetery Only Wilton Cemetery had records: * #448: ** Adeline Ward - wife of John Simpkins, died 1915, age 65 years * #286: ** Charles Ward, 1834-1914. His wife Nancy Irish, 1839-1925. ** Mary Eldda E. Ward, daughter of C & N died April 18, 1881 age 12 years 2 months 5 days. * #100: ** Francis C Ward, 1853-1919 - Rowinda Davison his wife 1853-1919. ** George Frederick Ward 1878-1918 ** Sarah Ann Ward, wife of John Hurley, died April 11, 1885, aged 49 years ** Christopher Ward died June 24, 1873, age 64 years, 2 months Margaret Robe his wife died Mar 2, 1887, age 78 years, 9 months. * #172: ** William Ward, died July 28, 1860 age 88 years. Wife Sarah Stantliff died Oct 2, 1842 age 62 years ** William H Pringle b. Mar 26, 1842, died Mar 19 1916 - his wife Sarah E. Ward born Dec 19 1846 and died May 10, 1924 ** Joseph Ward. Born Dec 12, 1821. Died Mar 18, 1903. Wife Margaret Ann, born Nov 13 1826, died Dec 20, 1903 ** David Y. Died May 11, 1878 - 2 yrs old. ** Infant son of William and Eleanor * #150 ** Ezra Ward - Died April 25, 1839 age 26 years == Heir & Devisee Records == * In 1797, Benjamin Seymour claimed lot 12 and half of lot 13, concession 4 of Loughborough Township. These, along with other lots were granted to Esther Ross. She got a total of 1000 acres in July of 1794. She then sold 500 acres of this (even though she technically didn't own it - she was selling the rights to the lots) to William Ward Sr. She sold the rights to the other 500 acres to Benjamin Seymour and William Hunter of Kingston in 1796. The sale to William Ward Sr. was undated. * In 1803, Samuel Ward claimed Lot 25, conc 7 of Ernestown Township. These had originally been located to David Williams and Widow Raymond, but the tickets were returned. The claim says that the same by Williams and Mary Cotter (formerly Widow Raymond) was confirmed. This appears to be a little contradictory, as if the tickets were returned, then how could the sale take place? Regardless - the abstract deed indicates that the claim was successful. * In 1802, William Ward claimed lot 24, conc 6 of Ernestown. It was originally located to Nathan Williams and John Burley. They sold the rights to the west half of it to William Ward in 1790. The transfer was witnessed by Gideon Shurtliff and Eli Peters. Again, this appears contradictory as Robert Peters again sold the west half of it to Eli Peters in 1795. The abstract deed indicates that this claim by William Ward was successful. * In 1797, William Ward and Samuel Ward claimed lots 14 & 16 and the east half of lot 13 conc 5 of Loughborough Township. This is the other half of Ester Ross's land. This claim was allowed to go through. * In 1803, Gideon Shurtliff of Ernestown claimed lot 26, conc 1 of Camden Township, originally located to Henry Davy. He had acquired it by purchase. * In 1803, Daniel Perry of Ernestown claimed the east half of lot 6, conc 3 of Ernestown, originally located to Christiana Hough. The land then went through a whole string of purchases until it reached Daniel Perry. This claim was successful. == Books == === "Early Methodist Records" === * Joseph Johnson married Mary Ward, daughter of Asahel === "Stovewood and Clubs" === * (Story of a riot in Napanee) - No Wards listed === "The Hard Road Ahead, the story of the Addington Colonization Road" === * Found Hester Ann Ward === "Napanee Letters of James McKitterick" === * Found Patrick Ward === "Lennox & Addingotn Historical Society Papers and Records" === * Found a Dr. Ward in Vol. 3 === "Historical Glimpses of Lennox & Addington" === * Nothing found === "Ernestown, Rural Spaces and Urban Places" by Larry Turner === * Nothing Found === "More Notices from Methodist Papers, 1830-1857 === * Canada Christian Advocate, Oct. 6: ** ''Mrs. Christiana, wife of John Ward of Ernestown, was born Aug. 30, 1788 in Troy, N.Y., and moved with her parents to Canada early in life, being amongst the earliest settlers in Ernestown. A short time before her death, she left home with her youngest daughter on a visit to Pennsylvania, where her eldest son now lives. On June 28th, she walked down to the wharf at Erie, in company with her brothers and sisters, in order to take the boat for Buffalo. Being disappointed, she started to walk back to her brother's, and suddenly collapsed and died: age 57 years, 10 months. Predeceased by one son in the spring of 1839, survived by her husband and children, brothers and sisters'' ** Linda notes: ''I think this is Christina, nee Hough. Her oldest son was John Ward who married Hanna Snyder. Her youngest daughter would be Sarah Ward. According to a tree on Ancestry, John Ward, the widower of Christina, died in 1854 in Erie County, PA'' === "Away Back in Clarendon and Miller" by Charles A. Armstrong. (1908-) === * This is what was found: ** ''The 1871 census recorded a William Ward born in 1792, his wife Nancy, born in 1794 and a daughter Jane, born in 1841, living in the area. Other Wards in the area were Luke, born in 1829, arrived in the area in 1861 with a wife and four children, James, 1822-1899, married Lynda Jane Vankoughnet (1834-1897) and they had three children with them in 1871: James, 1861-1921, Nancy, 1863 and Jane, 1867. James married Amelia Flieler and Nancy married Edward Fleiler. James and Amelia stayed in the area and raised seven children: Edward, a veteran of World War I, married Ethel Killingbeck, a daughter of Daniel, and when she died, he married her sister Olive. Cassey remained single and is living at Plevna. Other members of the family were: Hannah, Mrs. Wm Wood; Violetta, Mrs. Elmer Davy; Alpha, Mrs. Albert Martin and William and Otto who moved to Western Canada as young men.'' == Newspapers == === Kingston === * William Ward: ** Notices for letters to be picked up: *** June 14, 1818 - Ernestown Post office *** Oct 24, 1823 - Bath Post office *** April 8, 1825 - Kingston Post office *** Feb 3, 1844 - Kingston Post office *** Sept 11, 1844 - Kingston Post office ** His signature is on an address to Lt. Gov. Peregrine Maitland, dated Jan 29, 1819. ** A notice that a William Ward married Susannah Dell - dated Sept 22, 1820. Location not given. * Moses Ward: ** Notices for letters to be picked up: *** Dec 21, 1842 - Kingston Post office ** Notices that he has a farm for sale in the 7th concession of Ernestown, about 6 miles from Napanee Mills, dated Sep 2-23, 1817 * John Ward: ** Notices for letters to be picked up. *** Kingston Post Office *** two at Napanee *** one at Bath ** Notice that John Ward of Kingston has married Catherine Tenike ** A notice that a reward is being offered for John Ward, calico printer, dead or alive, Oct 1, 1842 ** the death of John Ward of the 67th Regiment by drowning, June 16, 1841 == Recommendations == * Send an email to the Lennox and Addington Museum and Archives, asking them what they have in their family files for the Ward family. ** They also have an index to the Napanee Standard vital stats. All we need is the index entries--I can get the papers at the Archives. * check the Burleigh papers at Queen's University Archives. == Source References ==

The start date shown here is my date of birth. For those of you who are or want to be Data Doctors and don't know where to start, here is a suggestion. Join a Name Study for your surname or one of the Family surnames. Many of these Name Study Projects were started by good people like yourself, but did not pre-prepare their Gedcoms being uploaded. Doing just a part of one of these profiles gives you an insight into the need for your help. The early ones were worse than those of today and they are by no means perfect. Almost all those uploaded by Gedcom still need help with sources, connecting, and just junk cleanup. I walked into one today that is a total mess, and that is a polite description. It was uploaded in 2010 and had words run together and areas that could be good sources, but no Bio has been created as yet. I am sure there are many others. You can help by using my suggestion or by just starting with your surnames and the lowest number and cleaning up your profiles. WIKITREE IS YOURS, LET'S MAKE IT LOOK GOOD, NO, THE BEST. Hedda Reamer Sebastian Hempel +*+*+*+*+

I have a heavy mixed background of German, Polish, Scottish, Austrian, some Irish, and some Native American Indian. Not sure if I left any out, but if time permits I may find them too.
Many say the background doesn't matter, it is where you were born so this is a project for those born here, in TEXAS. I am a native Texan, just as those of other locations. I don't have a dip stick to tell how much Native American there is in me, but thru intermarriage of old where they did not count mixed marriages, I am sure there is some.
So join me as we find the heritage that once was ours and seems to have gotten buried. I have family buried in both north and southern areas of Texas. I grew up where it was required that we take Texas History to pass. I now climb down from my Texas soap box and Welcome any and all native born Texans.

== Bartlett, Texas, Families == This is stories of some families who lived and worked in or.near Bartlett, Texas. Some were farmers and some had other interests.

The information contained herein has been obtained in whole and/or in part from: [http://www.geni.com/projects/Abbreviations-Acronyms-for-Genealogy-The-Accepted/3096 Abbreviations and Acronyms for Genealogy - The Accepted] It is intended for informational and educational purposes only. This is a "work in progress" and will be added upon as further abbreviations and acronyms have been collected. To participate in preparation of this list or to add to it, please contact the profile manager: [[Dreyer-373|Sjana Lee Dreyer-Bauer]]

• 1C - first cousin (2c, second cousin, etc.)
• 1R - once removed (2r, twice removed, etc.)

• [-?-] any unknown data

A

• a / A about, age, acre, ante, aunt
• A.A. Associate of Art AAONMS - Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine
• AAGRA Australasian Association of Genealogists and Record Agents
• AAONMS - Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine
• a.a.r. - against all risks
• AAS American Antiquarian Society
• AASP - American Antiquarian Society Proceedings
• AASR - Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite (of Freemasons)
• AASRFM - Ancient & Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry
• ab. - about; abbey
• abbr. - abbreviation
• abd. - abdicated
• Abp. - Archbishop
• abr. - abridged; abridgment
• abs. or abstr. - abstract
• abt. - about
• AC - Ante Christum; ancestor chart
• a.c. - attested copy; account current
• acad. - academy
• acc. - according to; account; accompanied
• acco. - account
• accu. - accurate
• ackd. - acknowledged
• actg. - acting
• ACW - American Civil War
• Ad Adopted
• Ad.Cl Adopted Child
• Ad.D Adopted Daughter
• Ad.Gcl Adopted Grandchild
• Ad.M Adopted Mother
• Ad.S Adopted Son
• AD - anno domini [Latin], in the year of the Lord
• adj. - adjoining; adjutant; adjourned
• adm. - admission; admitted
• admin. - administration; administrator
• Admon. - letters of administration
• admr. - administration
• A/Dip. LAH Associate Diploma of Local and Applied History
• AEOS - Ancient Egyptian Order of Sciots (Masons)
• af. or afft. - affidavit
• AF - Ancestral File, database maintained by the LDS FHL
• AF&AM - Ancient, Free, & Accepted Masons
• AFAM - Ancient Free and Accepted Mason
• aft., > - after
• AG - Accredited Genealogist (FHL credential)
• AG:ABC American Genealogy: A Basic Course
• AGBU - Armenian General Benevolent Union
• AFRA - American Family Records Association
• AGLL- American Genealogical Lending Library
• AGRA - Association of Genealogists and Record Agents (Professional)
• AGRA Association of Genealoc, ca. - circa, about
• AHOJB - Ancient and Honorable Order of the Jersey Blues
• AIS - Accelerated Indexing System
• AISB - Ancient Illuminated Seers of Bavaria
• a.k.a. also known as; alias.
• Al Aunt-In-Law
• AL - American Legion
• ald. - alderman
• alleg. - allegiance
• alh. (dutch) alhier here, in this place
• a.l.s. - autographed letter signed
• als. - alias
• altm - at liberty to marry (Quaker)
• AMORC - Ancient Mystic Order Rosae Crucis
• Am. Rev. - American Revolution, American War for Independence
• AMVETS - American Veterans
• AMOS - Ancient Mystic Order of Samaritans (Odd Fellows)
• anc. - ancestry; ancestor; ancient
• annot. - annotated
• ano. - another
• anon. - anonymous
• ant. - antiquary; antonym
• antiq. - antiquary; antiquities; antiquity; antiquarian
• a.o. - account of
• AOB - Air Order of Battle
• AODC - Ancient Order of Degree Coopermen
• AOD - Ancient Order of Druids
• AOF - Ancient Order of Foresters
• AOH - Ancient Order of Hibernians
• AOP - American Order of Pioneers
• AOUW - Ancient Order of United Workmen
• Ap (occupation/relationship) Apprentice
• APCWS - Association for the Preservation of Civil War Sites
• apd - attending places of diversion; appointed; appealed (Quaker)
• APGQ Association of Professional Genealogists Quarterly
• APG - Association of Professional Genealogists
• APJG Association of Professional Jewish Genealogists
• APJI - Association for Protection of Jewish Immigrants
• app. - apprentice; aprpoximately; appendix; appointed
• App. Div. - Appelate division
• appr. - appraisment
• apprd. - apprised; appeared
• approx. - approximately
• apptd. - appointed
• appx. - appendix
• apt - appointed
• AQM - Assistant Quartermaster (US Civil War)
• AQRS - Assistant Quartermaster Remount Service (US Civil War)
• ar. co. - artillery company
• ARC - American Red Cross
• arr. - arrived
• ARSS - Antiquariorum Regiae Societatis Socius (Fellow of the Royal Society of Antiquaries)
• ascert. - ascertain(ed)
• ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange - type of file on a computer that is usually readable / writable by most word processors
• ASFD - American Society of Freedmen's Descendants
• ASG - American Society of Genealogists
• asgd. - assigned
• ASGRA Association of Scottish Genealogists and Researchers in Archives
• A.S. Associate of Science
• ASN - Army Serial Number
• assn - association
• asr. - assessor
• Asst Assistant.
• assn. or assoc. - association
• asso. - associated; associate
• At (occupation/relationship) Attendant
• att - attached to; attended (Quaker)
• atty. - attorney
• au. - gold
• aud. - auditor
• a.w.c. - admon. (letters of administration) with will and codicil annexed
• AWOL - Absent Without Leave (military)

B

• b. - born
• B - Brother black, Negro
• B (dutch) begraven burial
• ba. - bachelor baptized
• bach. or batch. - bachelor
• B.A. Bachelor of Arts
• B.A.Sc. Bachelor of Applied Science
• bap / bapt - baptized
• bapt. / bap - baptized
• BAR - Brigade of the American Revolution
• BARE - Benefit Association of Railway Employees
• B.B.A. Bachelor of Business Administration
• BBoy (relationship)Bound Boy
• BBS - Bulletin Board System Phone dial up connection for PC's.
• B.D. Bachelor of Divinity
• BC - (of a date) before Christ
• BCE - (of a date) before the Common Era (same as BC, but more inclusive)
• bcer - birth certificate
• BCG - Board for Certification of Genealogists
• BCR - Battle Casualty Report
• b.d. or bdt. - birth date
• bd. - bound; buried
• bec. - because; became
• begr. (dutch)begraven buried
• bef., < - before
• bet. between
• B.F.A. Bachelor of Fine Arts
• BG - burial grounds
• BGirl (relationship) Bound Girl
• B.H.L. Bachelor of Hebrew Literature
• BFHS British Family History Society
• BK - Brother's Keeper (software , a genealogy program)
• Bl Brother-In-Law
• BIA - Bureau of Indian Affair
• b-i-l - brother in law
• biog. - biography
• bish. - bishop
• BK - Brother's Keeper (software)
• bk. - book
• bks. - books; barracks
• bl. - bibliography
• B.L.S. Bachelor of Library Science
• BLM - Bureau of Land Management
• BMD - Births, Marriages and Deaths
• BMP - Bit Mapped Picture - file format of a computer disk file
• BLW - Bount Land Warrant
• B.M. - Bench Mark; British Museum
• bndsmn. - bondsman
• BNL - Brotherhood of the New Life
• Bo (relationship) Boarder
• bona—goods, chattels, moveable property
• bo or bot. - bought; bottom
• botp / b.o.t.p —both of this parish
• Boy (relationship) Boy
• bp. baptized birthplace Bishop
• bpl. - birthplace
• BPOE - Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks
• bpt. baptized ;
• Br. - British
• br. / bro. - brother
• bro / br. - brother
• bro-i-l - brother-in-law
• B.S. - in court records, Bill of Sale
• B.S.L.S. Bachelor of Science in Library Science
• B.Sc. Bachelor of Science
• B.S.C.E. Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering
• B.S.N.E. Bachelor of Science in Nuclear Engineering
• B.T. - Bishop's Transcripts
• B.U.S. Bachelor of University Studies
• Bu (occupation/relationship) Butler
• bu. / bur - buried.
• bur. / bu - buried
• BYU Brigham Young University

C

• c. / ca - cousin; chapter; circa; codicil
• C18 - Eighteenth century (etc.)
• ca / c - circa, about,about or around, from the Latin word circa. (as in ca. 1840.)
• CA (military) Survivor of the Confederate Army
• CAILS - Certified American Indian Lineage Specialist (BCG credential)
• CALS - Certified American Lineage Specialist (BCG credential)
• CANINDEX - Index of emigrants from British Isles to Canada and Newfoundland
• Cap / capt. Captain captain; captured; captivity
• CAR - National Society, Children of the American Revolution
• catal. - catalogue
• cath. - cathedral
• Cause of Death - DthCau, DCs
• CC - County Court (USA) County Clerk; county court, county commissioner; company commander
• cc. - chapters
• CCP - Court of Common Pleas
• CD - Compact Disk - An optical disk used with some PC's to store lots of data.
• CDA - Colonial Dames of America
• CDIB - Certified Degree of Indian Blood
• CE - (of a date) Common Era (same as AD, but more inclusive)
• CFI - Computer File Index (precursor of IGI)
• cem. - cemetery
• cert. - certificate
• cen. or cens. - census
• cent. - century
• cer. or cert. - certificate
• cf. - confer
• cd - contrary to the Discipline (Quaker)
• CDA - Catholic Daughters of America
• CG - Certified Genealogist (BCG credential)
• CG(C) Certified Genealogist (Canada)
• CGI - Certified Genealogical Instructor (BCG credential)
• CGL - Certified Genealogical Lecturer (BCG credential)
• CGRS - Certified Genealogical Record Searcher (BCG credential)
• CIG Computer Interest Group
• CH - Court House
• Ch (race) Chineses
• ch - child, children; church chief, chaplain
• Cha (occupation/relationship) Chamber Maid
• chm - condemned his/her misconduct (Quaker)
• chan. - chancery
• chldn. or chn. - children
• chlw - Cotton Loom Hand Worker
• ch/o - child of
• chr - charter Christened.
• chris.- christened
• CIGO Council of Irish Genealogical Organizations
• Cil Cousin-In-Law
• cir. - circa
• civ. - civil
• CJ - County Judge
• clk. - clerk
• Cl Child
• CMU - Concrete Masonry Unit
• CN (military) Survivor of the Confederate Navy
• c/o - child of
• CO - commanding officer; Colonial Office
• co. - county; company chosen overseer (Quaker)
• Coa (occupation/relationship) Coachman
• cod. - codicil
• col. - colored (Negro, mulatto, fpc)
• Col. - Colonel (military rank)
• C of A - Coat of Arms
• col. - colony; colonel
• coll. - college; collections
• Com (relationship/relationship)Companioncom. - commissioner; commander; commentary; committee; common; commoner; communicate, companion
• com/comp - complained (Quaker)
• comm - committee communion, communicant commissioners
• con - condemned (Quaker) complained (Quaker)
• comp. - company
• conf. confirmed
• confer. - conferred
• conject. - conjecture
• cont. - continued
• Cook Cook
• contr. - contract
• corp. - corporal
• cos. - Consul
• couns. - counsellor
• cous. - cousin
• coven. - covenant
• c.r. - church report
• c.s. - copy signed
• CRA - Church Records Archives
• Cremated - crem
• crspd. - correspond; correspondence
• CSA - Confederate States of America
• csn. - cousin; cousins
• ct - certificate court; citation; county
• CVA - Confederate Veterans of America
• CW church warden Civil War, War of the Rebellion, War beteen the States, 1861-1865.
• CWSS - Civil War Soldiers and Sailors gists and Record Agents

D

• d. - died death; daughter
• D (dutch) dopen baptism
• DA - District Attorney
• da. - daughter; day
• DAB - Dictionary of American Biography
• DAC - National Society of the Daughters of the American Colonists
• DalS—daughter-in-law’s son
• DAR - Daughters of the American Revolution
• dau./ daugr - daughter
• daugr / daugr - daughter
• dau-i-l - daughter-in-law
• daus. - daughters
• DAV - Disabled American Veterans
• DB - Domesday Book
• DC - District of Columbia; Deputy Clerk; Deputy County Clerk
• DBE - Daughters of the British Empire
• DCG - Descendants of Colonial Governors
• DCLI - Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry
• D.D. Doctor of Divinity
• d. & coh. - daughter and coheiress
• d'd. - deceased dead
• dea / deac. - deacon
• deac / dea. - deacon
• dec. / dec'd - deceased dead
• dec'd / dec - deceased dead
• decis. - decision
• DED - Declared Dead (military)
• degr. - degree
• dep. - deputy; depot
• dept. - department
• desc. - descendant
• devis. - devised
• DFPA - Daughters of Founders and Patriots of America
• dft = defendant (legal term for person accused of and on trial for a crime)
• d. & h. - daughter and heiress
• dil / d-i-l daughter in law
• d-i-l / dil daughter in law
• dio. - diocese
• Dip FHS Diploma in Family Historical Studies
• dis. - discharge disowned, disowned for (Quaker)
• discip. - discipline
• dist. - district
• div. - division; divided; divorce/divorced; divinity
• div. - * Dl. - daughter-in-law
• Dla (occupation/relationship) Day Laborer
• DLI - Durham Light Infantry
• D.Min. Doctor of Ministry
• DMWVI - Descendants of Mexican War Veterans
• DNA - Deoxyribonucleic acid
• d/o - daughter of
• do. - ditto, the same as the previous entry
• DOB - Date of birth
• doc or docum. - document
• DOCS - Documents / Documentations
• DOD - Date of death
• DOK - Daughters Of the King
• Dom (occupation/relationship) Domestic
• do/" ditto (which means "same as line above")
• DOW - Died of Wounds (military)
• dp - dropped plain dress (Quaker)
• dpl. - death place
• DR - Daughter of the Revolution; Diocesan Registry
• dr - doctor; dram drinking to excess (Quaker)
• dr. (dutch) (v.) dochter (van) daughter (of)
• drpd - dropped (Quaker)
• DRT - Daughters of the Republic of Texas
• DSDI Descendants of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence
• d.s. - document signed; died single
• ds. - deaths; daughters
• dsct. - descendant
• d.s.p. - decessit sine prole [Latin], died without issue, childless
• d.s.p.m. - [Latin] descessit sine prole mascula; died without male issue
• dt - date daughter daughters
• dtd - dated
• dto. - ditto
• dtr. - daughter
• dt's. - delirium tremens
• dum. or d. um. - died unmarried
• dup - duplicate
• DUP - Daughters of Utah Pioneers
• DUVCW Daughters of Union Veterans of the Civil War
• dv - divorce
• DVA - Department of Veterans Affairs
• DVF - Society of the Descendants of Washington's Army at Valley Forge
• D.V.M. Doctor of Veterinary Medicine
• d.s.p. - died without issue (from Latin: decessit sine prole)
• d.v.p. - decessit vitae patre [Latin], died in father's lifetime
• Dw (occupation/relationship) Dish Washer
• d.y. - died young

E

• E. - East or eastern
• EAD—Encoded Archival Description
• easi. - easily
• EBB—Electronic Bulletin Board
• ecux. - executrix; a female executor
• E.D. - Enumeration District
• ed. - edited; edition; editor
• Ed.D. Doctor of Education
• educ. - education; educated
• EM - Enlisted member (military)
• Emp (occupation/relationship) Employee
• En (occupation/relationship) Engineer
• Eng. - England
• ENHA - East Anglia National Heritage Area
• end - endorsed (Quaker)
• eno. - enough
• ens. - ensign
• ensu. - ensuing
• est. - estate;established
• establ. - establishment
• estd. - estimated
• et al "and others."
• etc. - [Latin] etcetera; and so forth
• ETO = European Theater of Operations (the area in Europe, stretching from the Netherlands to the Mediterranean Sea, in which the Allied Forces fought against the Axis powers during World War II)
• et. vir. - and husband
• exc. - except; excellency; excepted; exchange
• et ux"and wife."
• ETO - European Theater of Operations (military)
• EUS - Evacuated to the U.S. (military)
• ev. luth. (dutch) evangelisch luthers Evangelical Lutheran
• exec. executor.
• exor. executor.
• exox. executrix
• exs. - executors
• exx. - executrix

F

• f. / F. - father; female; folio; feast; feet; farm; following
• fa. - father
• F.A. - Field Artillery
• Fa.H (occupation/relationship) Farm Hand
• Fa.L (occupation/relationship) Farm Laborer
• Fa.W (occupation/relationship) Farm Worker
• F&AM - Free and Accepted Masons
• FAAO - Fellow of the American Academy of Osteopathy
• FACC - Fellow of the American College of Cardiology
• FACCE - Fellow, American College of Childbirth Educators
• FACD - Fellow of the American College of Dentists
• FACE - Fellow, American College of Endocrinology
• FACEP - Fellow of the American College of Emergency Physicians
• FACFAS - Fellowship of American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons
• FACP - Fellow of the American College of Physicians
• FACS - Fellow American College of Surgeons
• FAM - Free and Accepted Masons
• fam. - family families
• FARC - Federal Archives and Records Centers (branches of the National Archives
• FAS - Fellow of the Antiquarian Society
• FASG - Fellow of the American Society of Genealogists
• father-in-l - father-in-law
• FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions
• F.B. - Family Bible
• FBG - Friends burial ground
• FC&AGR—French Canadian and Acadian Genealogical Review
• f.e. - for example
• FEEFS Federation of East European Family Societies
• ff. - following (pages), foster father
• FF's - First Families
• FFHS—Federation of Family History Societies
• FFV - First Families of Virginia
• FG—French Grants
• FGRA - Family Group Record Archives
• FGS - Family Group Sheet
• FGBS Fellow, New York Genealogical and Biographical Society
• FGSP Fellow, Genealogical Society of Pennsylvania
• FHC - Family History Center, branch of the FHL
• FHL - Family History Library, genealogy library in Salt Lake City, Utah, maintained by LDS church
• FHLC - Family History Library Catalog
• FHS Family History Society
• Fi Fireman
• FIGRS - Fellow of the Irish Genealogical Research Society
• fidel. - fidelity
• f-i-l/ fil./ f.inl / FL - father in law
• fil./ f-i-l/ f.inl / FL - father in law
• f.inl/ f-i-l/ fil./ FL - father in law
• filius - son of (remember this as: ends in "us" = male)
• filia - daughter of (remember this as: ends in "a" = female)
• First C First Cousin
• Fl Father-In-Law
• f.m. - free mulatto
• FM - foster mother
• fmc - free man of color
• f.n. - free negro
• FNGS - Fellow of the National Genealogical Society
• FNHC - Founders of the New Haven Colony
• fo / f - folio
• Fo.B Foster Brother
• Fo.S Foster Son
• Fo.Si Foster Sister
• FOE - Fraternal Order of Eagles
• FOIA - Freedom of Information Act
• FOP - Fraternal Order of Police (USA)
• form - formerly
• fpc - free person of color, neither Caucasian nor enslaved
• fr - from
• FR family register
• FRACP - Fellow of the Royal Australasian College of Physicians
• FRAM - Fellow of the Royal Academy of Music
• FRCP - Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians
• FRCPE - Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh
• FRCSI - Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland
• Frds - Friends (Quaker)
• freem. - freeman; freemen
• FSA Fellow, Society of Antiquaries (in England)
• FSA Scot Fellow, Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
• FSAG Fellow, Society of Australian Genealogists
• FSG - Fellow of the Society of Genealogists
• Fstw—farm steward
• ft. - foot; fort
• FTM - Family Tree maker (softwarea genealogy program from Banner Blue Software ) FTM - Family Tree Maker,
• FTP - File Transfer Protocol (networking, technical)
• FTW - Family Tree Maker for Windows (software)
• FUGA - Fellow of the Utah Genealogical Association
• fwc - free woman of color
• fwf - free white female
• fwm - free white male

G

• g. - grand; great
• GA - great aunt
• GAR - Grand Army of the Republic
• GAOTU - Great Architect of the Universe (Freemason Word)
• G.B. - Great Britain
• gc - granted certificate (Quaker)
• gch/ Gcl Grand Child grandchildren
• gct - granted certificate to (Quaker)
• GCVO - Grand Cross of the (Royal) Victorian Order (knight)
• GD - granddaughter
• gdn. guardian.geb.(dutch) geboren born
• ged. (dutch) gedoopt baptized
• Gedcom - GEnealogical Data COMmunication, method of transferring genealogy files from one program to another
• gem. (dutch) gemeente municipality
• gemelli - gemini twins
• GH - Genelaogical Helper (Everton's)
• GENTECH An organization dedicated to bridging GENealogy and TECHnology
• GENUKI - Online Genealogical Information Service for the UK & Ireland.
• Gf Grand Father
• Ggf Great Grandfather
• Ggm Great Grandmother
• Gggf Great-Great-Grandfather
• Gggm Great-Great-Grandmother
• GIF - A format to hold images on a computer disk file
• GIM - Genealogical Information Manager
• GIMA Genealogical Institute of Mid-America (University of Illinois-Springfield)
• GIT Genealogical Institute of Texas
• gl - granted letter
• glt - granted letter to
• GM Grand Mother
• Gml Grand Mother-In-Law
• Gni Grand Niece (or Great Niece)
• Gn Grand Nephew (or Great Nephew)
• Go (occupation/relationship) Governess
• God Cl God Child
• godf. - godfather
• godm. - godmother
• GOONS - Guild Of One Name Studies ‘The world's leading organization for one-name studies’.
• gov . - governor government
• govt. - government
• gp. - grandparents
• GPAI - Genealogical Periodical Annual Index
• gr. - grand; great; grant; graduate
• gr dau. - granddaughter
• grdn. guardian
• grd/o or gr/d/o—granddaughter of
• grf. - grandfather
• grmo. - grandmother
• gr s. or GS - grandson
• g.r. - grave record
• Gr.Yd. - grave yard
• GRINZ Dip.FH (Prof) Genealogical Research Institute of New Zealand-Diploma in Family History (Professional)
• Gs Grand Son
• GSG Genealogical Speakers Guild
• Gsl Grand Son-In-Law
• GSMD General Society of Mayflower Descendants
• g.s. - grave stone
• GSSR - General Society, Sons of the Revolution
• g.s.w. - gun shot wound
• GSW 1812 - General Society of the War of 1812
• Gt. Br. - Great Britain
• gt. gr. - great grand
• GTT - Gone to Texas
• GU - great uncle
• Gua (relationship) Guardian
• Guest Guest

H

• h. - husband; heir; heiress
• Hb Half Brother
• Hbl Half Brother-In-Law
• hdgrs. - headquarters
• Help Help
• He (relationship.occupation) Herder
• HEIC - Honourable East India Comapny
• her. - heraldry
• hers. - herself
• H.Gi (relationship/occupation) Hired Girl
• H.H (relationship/occupation) Hired Hand
• Hlg (relationship/occupation) Hireling
• Hk (occupation/relationship) Housekeeper
• HLI - Highland Light Infantry, Herefordshire Light Infantry
• H.Maid (relationship) Housemaid
• HM - His or Her Majesty, or hired man
• HMS - Her (or His) Majesty's Service or Ship
• hims. - himself
• Hist. - History
• hist. - historian
• h/o - husband of
• hon. honorable
• hon. dis. - honorably discharged
• honor. - honorary
• honora. - honorably
• HOSJG - Hospitaller Order of St. John of God
• HRIP—Hic Requiescit Pace (here rests in peace)
• HSA - Huguenot Society of America
• H.Si Half Sister
• H.Sil Half Sister-In-Law* Hs Uli—Hans Ulrich
• hund. - hundred
• hus. - husband
• husb. husband
• Husband (relationship) Husband
• Hw (occupation/relationship) House Worker

I

• I - inmate
• i.a. = in absentia (Latin term meaning in the absence of the person(s) concerned)
• ibid. - ibidem [Latin], in the same place
• ICAPGen International Commission for the Accreditation of Professional Genealogists
• IGI - International Genealogical Index
• IGHR Institute of Genealogy and Historical Research (Samford University)
• ign. - ignorant
• IIGS - International Internet Genealogical Society
• illus. - illustrated
• imp. - imported; importation; imperator (emperor)
• IN (Race) Indian
• inc. - incorporated; incomplete
• incl. - included; inclusive
• Ind. - Indians
• IND.S.C. - Indian Survivors' Certificates
• Ind. T. or Ind. Ter.- Indian Territory
• Ind. W.C. - Indian Widow's Certificate
• inf. - infant; infantry; informed
• info. - information
• infra dig—Infra dignitatem; undignified
• inh. - inherited
• inhab. - inhabitant
• int. - intentions, public notice of an upcoming marriage
• IGI - International Genealogical Index, created and maintained by the LDS FHL
• Inmate (relationship) Inmate
• inq. - inquiry
• ins. - insert
• inst. - instant [Latin], of the current month institute; institution
• int. - intentions; interested; interred
• inv. orinvt. - inventory
• IOF - Independent Order of Foresters
• IOGT - Independent Order of Good Templars
• IOJD - International Order of Job's Daughters (freemason)
• IOOF - Independent Order of Odd Fellows (fraternal organization)
• IOR - Independent Order of Rechabites
• IORG - International Order of the Rainbow for Girls (freemasonry)
• IORM - Improved Order of Red Men
• IOUAM - Improved Order of United American Mechanics
• IRC—Internet Relay Chat
• ISBGFH International Society for British Genealogy and Family History
• ISFHWE International Society of Family History Writers and Editors
• ISO - In Search Of
• j. - joined (Quaker)
• JA - Judge Advocate
• jas - joined another society (Quaker)
• jd / j.d. - dutch) jongedochter single woman / young daughter
• j.d. / jd (dutch) jongedochter single woman / young daughter
• JGS Jewish Genealogical Society
• jm / j.m. (dutch) jongeman single man / young man
• j.m. / jm (dutch) jongeman single man / young man
• jMeth a Quaker abbreviation indicating that a member joined the Methodist Church
• Jocu—joint occupant
• JNH - Journal of Negro History
• jno John or Johanne
• Jr. /junr - Junior
• Jp (race) Japanese
• JP - Justice of the Peace
• jud./ judic judicial.
• junr. / Jr / junior
• j.u.—Jure uxoris (right of wife)
• jur. - [Latin] jurat; certification that a document was written by the person who signed it

K

• k. - killed; king
• KC - Knights of Columbus
• KC - Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath
• KCSG - Knight Commander of the Order of St Gregory
• Kew - Informal name for The National Archives, Kew, London.
• KG - Knight Companion of the Order of the Garter
• KGE - Knights of the Golden Eagle
• KHS - Kentucky Historical Society
• KIA - Killed in Action (military)
• KIPC - Killed in Plane Crash (military)
• KLH - Knight of the Legion of Honour; Knights and Ladies of Honor
• kn. - known
• KNB - Killed non-battle (military)
• knd. (dutch) kind child
• kndn. (dutch) kinderen children
• knt. knight
• KOSB - The King's Own Scottish Borderers
• KOTM - Knights of the Maccabees
• KOYLI - The King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry
• KP - Order of Knights of Pythias
• KSLI - The King's Shropshire Light Infantry
• KT - Knight of the Order of the Thistle
• KUV - Kranken Unterstuetzungs Verein

L

• l. - license; law, or lodger launderer
• L (dutch) lidmaten members (of a church)
• L (relationship) Lodger
• La /labr (occupation/relationship) Laborer
• Lat. - Latin
• Lau (occupation) Laundry
• lb. - pound
• LBC - Letter Book Copy
• LC - Library of Congress
• ld. - land
• ldr. - leader
• LDS - Latter Day Saints (Mormons)
• l.e. - local elder in a church
• LGAR - Ladies of the Grand Army of the Republic
• Lgt.Art.—Light Artillery (military regiment)
• lib. - library
• liber - book of public records.
• lic. license. lieut. - lieutenant
• li. / liv. - lived
• liv. living. lived
• liv. abt. - lived about
• ll. - lines
• LL.B. Bachelor of Laws
• lnd. - land
• l.p. - local preacher
• LOCIS - Library of Congress Information System
• ltd. limited
• lvg / liv - living
• LWA - Lightly Wounded in Action (military)

M

• m. - month; male; mother; married; marriage
• m/1, m/2 - married first, married second, etc.
• mag. - magistrate
• Maid (occupation) Maid
• maj. - major
• mak. - making
• Man (occupation) Manager
• Marr, - marriage
• Mat Matron maternal
• M Mother
• m.bn. - marriage banns
• mbr - member
• mbrp - membership
• MCA - Microfilm Corporation of America
• MCC - Microfilm Card Catalog
• mcd - married contrary to Discipline (Quaker)
• MCD - Municipal Civil District minor civil division (Census Soundex)
• MD - Doctor of Medicine; Middle Dutch
• M.Div. Master of Divinity
• md. - married
• meerderj. (dutch) meerderjarig of age
• mem. - member; membership; memorials; memoir
• ment. - mentioned
• messrs. - plural of mister
• Mex. S.C. - Mexican Survivors' Certificates
• Mex. S.O. - Mexcian Survivorr's Originals
• Mex. W.C. - Mexican Widows' Certificate
• MG - Minister of the Gospel
• m.h. / MH - meeting house
• MH / m.h. - meeting house
• M.H.L. Master of Hebrew Literature
• MGH - Middle High German
• m.i. - monument inscription
• mi. - mile; miles
• MIA - Missing in Action
• mil or milit. - military
• m-i-l / m-in-l / ml - mother in law
• m-in-l / m-i-l / ml Mother-In-Law
• minderj. (dutch) minderjarig minor
• min. - minister
• ml / m-in-l / m-i-l / ml Mother-In-Law
• MLG—Middle Low German
• M.L.I.S. Master of Library and Information Science
• MlkC—milk carrier
• Mlo—Midlothian, Scotland
• M.L.S. Master of Library Science
• MLW - Military Land Warrant
• MM - Monthly Meeting of Society of Friends (Quakers)
• mnth / mo - month
• m.o. - mustered out
• mo. - mother; month
• MOLLUS - Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States
• MOPH - Military Order of the Purple Heart
• mors. - death; corpse
• mos. - months; married out of society (Quaker)
• mou - married out of unity (Quaker)
• mov. - moved
• MOWW - Military Order of World Wars
• M.P.A. Master of Public Administration
• MQ - Mayflower Quarterly
• Mr. - Mister
• Mrs. - Mistress
• ms. - manuscript
• M.S.L.I.S. Master of Science in Library and Information Science
• M.S.L.S. Master of Science in Library Science
• mss. - manuscripts
• mt - married to
• mtDNA - Mitochondrial DNA
• mtg. - meeting; mortgage
• Mu Mulatto (race)
• mvd. - moved
• MWA - Modern Woodmen of America
• my/d - my daughter

N

• N Nephew Negro; North
• n nephew; name
• na. naturalized; not applicable. not attending meeting (Quaker)
• NA - National Archives in Washington, D.C.; Native American
• NARA - National Archives and Records Administration
• NARS - National Archives and Record Service
• NATF - National Archives Trust Fund
• nam. - named
• nata - born (female)
• nat. - [Latin] natus;;; birth; son; offspring
• NAT - North African Theater (military)
• NATO - North African Theater of Operations (military, WW2)
• natus born.
• NCWA - National Civil War Association (USA)
• n.d. no date; not dated.
• nee, née - born, used to denote a woman's maiden name, ie., Anne Gibson nee West. the usual term for a woman's maiden or unmarried or birth name. (Means "born" in French)
• N.E. - New England; North Eeast
• NEH - National Endowment for the Humanities
• NEHGR - New England Historic Genealogical Register [publication of NEHGS]
• NEHGS - New England Historical Genealogy Society
• neph. nephew.
• neph-i-l - nephew-in-law
• nfi - no further information
• nfk - nothing further known
• nfr - no further record
• NFMP - National Fraternity of Military Pilots
• NGC - National Genealogical Conference
• NGS - National Geographical Society
• NGSQ National Genealogical Society Quarterly
• NHPRC - National Historical Publications and Records Commission
• n.h. (dutch) nederlands hervormd Dutch Reformed
• Nl Nephew-In-Law
• Ni Niece
• NIGR National Institute on Genealogical Research (National Archives)
• NIGRAA National Institute on Genealogical Research Alumni Association
• NIGS National Institute for Genealogical Studies (Toronto)
• Nil Niece-In-Law
• NLD the international genealogy standard for the Netherlands is NLD. Tis is a USA but the inernational English name is the Neterlands, Every country should be mentioned in the own language, thus it is NEDERLAND
• nm. - name never married
• nmed. - named
• nmn - no middle name
• N.N. - nomen nescio [Latin], name unknown
• N.N. - non nominatus / non nominata' [Latin], not named
• NOB - Naval Order of Battle
• NOK - Next of Kin (military)
• not. - noted
• NP - Notary Public
• n.p. no place listed; no publisher listed. not reported (Census Soundex)
• n.pub. / n.p. - no publisher given
• nr. - none recorded; not recorded; naturalized
• NS - New Style calendar; Nova Scotia
• NSCDA - National Society of the Colonial Dames of America
• NSDAR - National Society, Daughters of the American Revolution
• NSSAR National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution
• NSSDP - National Society Sons and Daughters of the Pilgrims
• Nu (occupation)Nurse
• NUCMC - National Union Catalog of Manuscript Colletions
• nunc. nuncupative will,oral will.
• nupsit - married
• N.W. - North West
• NWC - Navy Widow's Certificate
• NW. Terr. - North West Territory
• n.x.n. - no christian name
• NYGBR New York Genealogical and Biographical Record
• NYGBS New York Genealogical and Biographical Society
• NZSG New Zealand Society of Genealogists

O

• o. - oath, officer
• O (occupation) Officer
• OA - Order of the Arrow (Boy Scouts)
• ob obit, deceased, inf—obit infantia (died in infancy) obiit
• OB (order book, as in court order book.
• OBE - Order of the British Empire
• obiit. he or she died.
• obit. obituary.
• OBLI - Ox and Bucks Light Infantry
• OC - Order of Canada
• o.c. - only child
• O.E. - Old England; Old English
• OES - Order of the Eastern Star
• offor offic. - official
• OFPA The Order of the Founders and Patriots of America
• oft. - often
• OHC - Order of the Holy Cross
• OISE Ontario Institute for Studies in Education (University of Toronto)
• OM - Organized Militia Ordained Minister; Order of Merit
• OMM - Order of Military Merit
• OP - Order of Preachers (Roman Catholicism; Dominican)
• o.p. - out of print
• ord. - ordained; ordinance; order; ordinary
• org. - organization
• orig. - origin; original
• OS old style calendar
• OSA - Order of St. Anne; Ordinis Sancti Augustini (of the order of St. Augustine)
• OSB - Order of St. Benedict
• OSIA - Order of the Sons of Italy in America
• OSL - Order of St. Luke the Physician
• OSM - Order of Servants of Mary
• OSSB - Order of the Star Spangled Banner
• Ot (race) All others
• o.t.p. - of this parish
• ou - out of unity (Quaker)
• OUAM - Order of United American Mechanics
• overl. (dutch) overleden died

P

• P / p. - page; per; populus; parentage; parents; pence, patient
• Pa Partner
• p.a. - power of attorney
• PAF - Personal Ancestry File, genealogy program of the Mormon Church (LDS)
• Pal-Am/PALAM—Palatines to America,
• pam. - pamphlet
• par. - parish; parent; parents
• pat. - patent; patented; paternal
• PBA - Patrolman's Benevolent Association
• PCC - Prerogative Court of Canterbury (UK)
• pchd. - purchased
• PE - Presiding Elder
• peo. - people
• perh. - perhaps
• petitn. or petn. - petition
• petr. - petitioner
• PH - The Order of Patrons Of Husbandry (Grange)
• ph. - parish, physician
• Ph.D. Doctor of Philosophy
• PI - Preliminary Inventories
• PLAV - Polish Legion of American Veterans
• pion. - pioneer
• PJP - Probate Judge of the Peace
• PLB - Poor Law Board
• PLCGS Professional Learning Certificate in Genealogical Studies
• plt. - plantiff
• PM - preparative meeting (Quaker)
• P.M. - Post Meridiem; afternoon; Post Mortem; after death; Police magistrate
• PMP Project Management Professional
• P.O. - Post Office
• p.o.a. power of attorney
• POE - Port of Entry
• Por (occupation/relationship) Porter
• POSA - Patriotic Sons of America
• Prefix
• Pri (occupation) Principal
• pp. - pages
• PPA - per power of Attorney
• pr. - proved; probated, prisoner
• Pr (relationship) Prisoner
• pr. proved, probated.
• prc - produced a certificate (Quaker)
• prob. probably; probated.
• prot. (dutch) protestant Protestant
• Prv (occupation military) Privatepreced. - preceding
• PRO - Public Record Office
• pro. - probate; proved
• prob. - probable; probably
• PRONI - Public Record Office of Northern Ireland
• prop. - property
• PRP Professional Registered Parliamentarian
• propr. - proprietor(s)
• provis. - provision
• Psy.D. Doctor of Psychology
• pt. - point; port; petition; pint
• ptf. - plaintiff
• Pu - pupil
• pub. - public; published; publisher; publication
• Pu (occupation/relationship) Pupil
• p.v. - prorare vexilla, patriotically
• Pvt. military rank of private
• pymt. - payment

Q

• q. - [Latin] quarto; oversize book
• Qkr - Quaker
• QM - quarter master (military); quarterly meeting (Quaker)
• QOCH - Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders
• q.v.quod vide (see above). directs the reader to look in another part of the book for further information
• q.y. - query

R

• r. - rector; rex; rejected; river; road
• R (relationship) Roomer
• R Range Rabbi; River; Road
• rat. - rated
• R.C. Roman Catholic.
• RCA - Railway Carmen of America
• rcd - recorded; received
• rcdr. - recorder
• RCJ - Rogationists Cordis Jesu (formal name for Rogationists, Roman Catholic Order of Men)
• rcpt. - receipt
• RD - release of dower rights
• re. - regarding received
• rec. - record
• rec'd received
• recrq - received by request (Quaker)
• reg. register.
• Reg. Gen. - Registrar General
• rel. - relative
• relfc - released from care of (Quaker)
• relrq - released by request (Quaker)
• rel/o = relict of (widow of)
• reld. - relieved
• rel-i-l - relative-in-law
• rem. - remove, removed
• ren. - renunciation
• rep. - report; representative; reprint; reprinted
• repl. - replaced; replacement
• repud. repudiate.
• res. residence; research. resides
• respectiv. - respectively
• ret. retired.
• ret mbrp - retained membership (Quaker)
• rev - reversed
• Rev. War Revolutionary War Reverend.
• RG - Registered Genealogist
• RGLI - Royal Guernsey Light Infantry
• rgstr. - registrar
• RHF - Royal Highland Fusiliers
• RIP - [Latin] requiescat in pace' (singular) or requiescant in pace (more than one person), rest in peace
• rinq. - relinquished
• r.k. (dutch) rooms katholiek Roman Catholic
• RJLI - Royal Jersey Light InfantryRMC - Returned to Military Control (Military)
• RMLI - Royal Marine Light Infantry
• rm(t) - reported married (to)
• RNA - Royal Neighbors of America
• roc - received on certificate (Quaker)
• rocf - received on certificate from (Quaker)
• rol - received on letter (Quaker)
• rolf - received on letter from (Quaker)
• Rom. - Roman
• ROOTS-L - a mailing list of subscribers who are interested in genealogy The original internet genealogy mailing list established in 1987.
• rpd - reported
• RQM - Regimental Quartermaster (US Civil War)
• RR - railroad
• rrq - request, requests, requested
• rqc - requested certificate (Quaker)
• rqct - requested certificate to (Quaker)
• rqcuc - requested to come under care (Quaker)
• RSF - The Royal Scots Fusiliers
• RSOF - Religious Society Of Friends (Quakers)
• rst - reinstate, reinstated (Quaker)
• RTD - Returned to Duty (military)
• RTT - Royal Templars of Temperance
• RW - Revolutionary War

S

• /s/ = signed by
• s. son(s)/ soldier; survivor; spinster; successor; shilling
• s. & h. son and heir.
• s'd - said [found in legal documents]
• Sa (occupation) Sailor
• Sal (occupation) Saleslady
• SAR - Sons of the American Revolution
• SASE - Self Addressed, Stamped Envelope
• Sb Step Brother
• Sbl Step Brother-In-Law
• Scl Step Childscatt. - scattering; scattered
• SCV - Sons of Confederate Veterans
• Sd Step Daughter
• SDA - Seventh Day Adventists
• SDWA - Society of the Descendants of Washington's Army at Valley Forge
• Sdl Step Daughter-In-Law
• Se (relationship) Servant
• S.E. - southeast
• sec. - second; secretary; section; sector; security * serv. servant
• Se.Cl (relationship)Servant's Child
• sep. - separated
• serg. - sergeant
• serv. - service; servant
• sett. - settlers; settler
• sev. - several
• SEYM - South Eastern Yearly Meeting (Quaker)
• Sf Step Father
• Sfl Step Father-In-Law
• Sgd Step Granddaughter
• Sgs Step Grandson
• sh. - share; ship
• Si Sister
• sic - As written latin term signifying a copy reads exactly as the original; indicates a possible mistake in the original. Often used when the original word or phrase is, or appears to be, different from that which would normally be expected.
• Si / sis - sister
• SIG Special Interest Group
• s-i-l / sil / Sl - son-in-law sister in law
• sil / s-i-l / Sl - son-in-law sister in law
• sin. - [Latin] sine; without
• sis. / si - sister
• Sl / sil / s-i-l - son-in-law sister in law
• SLI Salt Lake Institute (of Genealogy)
• Sm Step Mother
• Sm - stepmother
• sn. - [Latin] sine; without
• s/o - son of
• SO - Survivors' Originals
• soc. - society; societies
• SoG Society of Genealogists (United Kingdom)
• soc.roots - a Usenet newsgroup for people interested in genealogy
• SOUNDEX - A method of translating a name to a one letter code followed by three numerical digits. The aim of the translation is to render all names which sound alike (or sufficiently similar) to the same code.
• SOWD - Special Order War Department (US Civil War)
• s.p. - [Latin] sine prole; without offspring died without issue (from Latin: decessit sine prole)
• s.p.l. - [Latin] sine prole legitima; without legitimate offspring
• s.p.m. - [Latin] sine prole mascula; without male offspring
• spell. - spelling; spelled
• spr. - sponsor
• sr. - senior
• srnms. - surnames
• Ss - stepson
• SSDI social security death index
• srnm. surname, last name.
• St. saint; street.
• Step Mother-In-Law Sml
• Step Sister Ssi
• Step Sister-In-Law Ssil
• Step Son Ss
• Ssl Step Son-In-Law
• Su (occupation/relationship) Superintendent
• Suf - Suffix
• Sun—(1) step-uncle (2) Sunday
• sup. - supply; superior
• supt. or Su - superintendant
• surg. - surgeon
• SUV - Sons of Union Veterans
• SUVCW Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War
• Sv—Sohn von (son of)
• sw. - swear; sworn
• SWA - Seriously Wounded in Action (military)
• syl.- syllable

T

• T. town township
• T (dutch) trouwen marriage
• TAG The American Genealogist (quarterly journal published since 1922)
• tak. - taken
• temp. - temporarily
• Ten (relationship) Tenant
• tent = tenant or tenement
• terr. territory.
• test. testament.
• tho. - though
• thot. - thought
• thro. - through
• TIB - Temple (Records) Index Bureau
• TMG - The Master Genealogist (software)
• TMS - Tiny Tafels Software genealogy program also Tafel Matching System
• tn. - town; township
• TNG - The Next Generation Sitebuilding (http://lythgoes.net/genealogy/software.php)
• top. - topographical
• Tot/Parals—Total Paralysis
• Tp — (1) this parish (2) title page Township
• t.p. - title page
• t.p.m. - title page mutilated
• t.p.w. - title page wanting
• tr. - troop; translated; translation
• tr. (dutch) trouwde marrietranscr. - transcribed
• transfrd - transferred
• transl. - translation
• treas. - treasurer
• TRIB - Temple Records Index Bureau
• trigemini - triplets
• TSSF - Third Order of St. Francis
• TVA - Tennessee Valley Authority
• TVC - Texas Veterans Commission
• twn. - town
• twp. - township, division of land
• ty. - territory

U

• UA (military) Survivor of the Union Army
• U Uncle
• UBCJA - United Brotherhood of Carpenters & Joiners of America
• uc - under care of (Quaker)
• UCV - United Confederate Veterans
• UDA - United Daughters of America
• UDC - United Daughters of the Confederacy
• UDC - United Daughters of the Confederacy
• UELAC United Empire Loyalists' Association of Canada
• UFT - Ultimate Family Tree (software)
• U.K. - United Kingdom
• Ul Uncle-In-Law
• ult. - ultimo (Latin), of the preceding month
• ultimo - the preceeding month
• UN (military) Survivor of the Union Navy
• unasgd. - unassigned
• unc. - uncle
• unit. - uniting; united
• unk. - unknown
• unm. unmarried.
• unk. unknown.
• UNKNOWN - Unkown data
• unorg. - unorganized
• upl - using profane language (Quaker)
• USCG - United States Coast Guard
• USCT - United States Colored Troops
• USGenWeb (online collective providing genealogical resources via linked webpages)
• USIGS - United States Internet Genealogical Society
• USMC - United States Marine Corps USGW -
• USN - United States Navy
• USV - United States Volunteers (US Civil War)
• USWPA - United States Works Progress Administration
• uxor. wife, spouse, consort

V

• v.a. - [Latin] vixit annos; (s)he lived (a certain number) years
• var. - various; variation; variant
• VC - Victoria Cross - highest award in the British Commonwealth for bravery in the face of the enemy
• VE—Vagrancy Examination
• VFW - Veterans of Foreign Wars
• Vi (relationship) Visitor
• vidua widow.
• viduus widower.
• VIP - Very Important Person
• virgo used to describe an unmarried woman in English and European marriage * records.
• Vis. or Visc. - Viscount; Viscountess
• vit. - vital
• viz. - [Latin] videlicet; namely
• V.L. - Vulgar Latin
• vols. - volunteers; volumes
• v.p. vita patris (in the lifetime of the father)
• v.r. - vital records
• VRC - Veteran Reserve Corps (US Civil War)
• vs. - versus
• v.s. - vital statistics
• VVI - Vermont Volunteer Infantry (US Civil War)

W

• w. - wife; will; west; widow White Caucasian
• W (race) White Caucasian
• w. (dutch) wonend living
• WAC - Women's Army Corp
• w/c - with consent of
• Wa (occupation) Warden
• wag. - wagoner
• Wai (occupation) Waitress
• Ward (relationship) Ward
• W.B. - Will Book
• W.D. - War Department
• w.d. - will dated
• wd. - widow; ward
• wdr = widower
• wed. (dutch) weduwe widow
• wedn.(dutch) weduwnaar widower
• wf/o - wife of
• wh. - who; which
• wid. / wd - widow
• wit. - witness
• wk(s). - week(s)
• Wkm - workman
• wnt. - wants
• w/o - wife of
• W.O. - Warrant Officer Widow's Originals
• WOTW - Woodmen Of The World
• WOW - Woodmen Of The World
• w.p. - will probated; will proved
• WPA - Works Progress Administration
• w/pwr - with power (Quaker)
• WRC - Women's Relief Corps
• WRHS - Western Reserve Historical Society
• wrkd - worked
• W.S. - Writer to the Signet
• Wt (occupation) Waiterwf/o - wife of
• wh. - who; which
• wit. - witness
• wk(s). - week(s)
• Wkm - workman
• wnt. - wants
• w/o - wife of
• W.O. - Warrant Officer Widow's Originals
• w.p. - will probated; will proved
• WPA - Works Progress Administration
• WRHS - Western Reserve Historical Society
• W.S. - Writer to the Signet
• ww. - widow
• ww/o - widow of
• wwr. - widower
• WW1 - World War One
• WW2 - World War Two

X

• X - a mark made by a person instead of a signature; Christ; Christian
• x ch. - exchange
• Xn. - Christian
• Xnty. - Christianity
• Xped. - Christened
• Xr. - Christian
• Xt. - Christ
• Xtian. - Christian
• Xty. - Christianity

Y

• y. - year
• yd. - graveyard
• yDNA - a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup
• YM - yearly meeting (Quaker)
• yr. - year; younger; your

Z

• zn. (dutch) (v.) zoon (van) son (of)

========== ==Source== * Abbreviations and Acronyms for Genealogy - The Accepted [http://www.geni.com/projects/Abbreviations-Acronyms-for-Genealogy-The-Accepted/3096] * Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia [http://en.wikipedia.org/] ========== Sources for further reading and reference. A good reference site for relationaships: http://oakroadsystems.com/genl/relation.htm [http://oakroadsystems.com/genl/relation.htm] Concise Genealogical Dictionary, by Maurine & Glen Harris 1900 Federal Population Census, by the National Archives Trust Fund Board. Abbreviations and Acronyms: A Guide for Family Historians A book by by Kip Sperry. Colonial American English: A Glossary by Richard M. Lederer. The Dictionary of Genealogy by Terrick H. Fitzhugh. An outstanding reference explaining terms and concepts used in UK genealogy. Bouvier Law Dictionary A Law Dictionary Adapted to the Constitution and Laws of the United States of America and of the Several States of the American Union, by John Bouvier, Revised Sixth Edition, 1856.

Here are some ideas to get started: ==Start With Yourself== A good genealogist always starts with themselves and works backwards. Begin a genealogy research project by taking a good look at yourself! Anyone wishing to start a search for their ancestors needs to start with themselves and work backwards one generation at a time. This way, each generation can be documented as linking to the previous one, and a family genealogy can be accurately connected back to it's earliest recorded ancestors. One needs to find all the important family papers that might contain genealogy documents, and those are described in the free-space pages to follow. ==Forms== Before you begin searching for all her family documents, however, you need to learn about the forms used to record and organize the data that found, so that all documentation will be accurately recorded and easy to retrieve later if necessary to prove relationships. These forms are still available on paper, but now also in fancy computer programs that will sort and index the information entered. Use of wikitree.com to enter your computer data directly online is strongly recommended, and will allow you to collaborate with other genealogists around the world who are working on the same family lines. Use of gedcoms is not encouraged because gedcoms add too much extra text which confuses the biographies you will want to construct on wikitree. * Pedigree Charts - https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:Understanding_Pedigree_Charts * Family Group Sheets - https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:Family_Group_Sheets ==Family Interviews== Interview family members to find out what the family remembers about it's history. * https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:Interviewing_Relatives_Tutorial_Page ==Collecting Documents== Important things to know when looking for Family Documents: * Collecting Family Documents at Home - https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:Documents_at_Home ==Visiting Localities== Visiting the places your family has lived helps relive the important events in your ancestors lives, and brings better of what life was like for her ancestors. ==Researching Localities== Understanding the geography and history of the places his ancestors lived will help you find more records and learn why they were kept. * Using Government Records - https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:Government_Records_Tutorial_Page * Using the United States Federal Census - https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:Using_the_United_States_Federal_Census_Tutorial_Page == Return to:== * Table of Contents - https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:Sharon_Troy_Centanne%27s_Genealogy_Tutorial_- === Acknowledgements === This page written and designed by Sharon Troy Centanne,

=== Family-Specific Genealogy Publications === This page was last updated in 2014. A more current and much larger family specific source list is available at [[Space:Sources-Family_Genealogies|Sources-Family Genealogies]] * [[Space:Genealogy_Books_-_Family_Specifc#Avery|Avery to Bradley]] * [[Space:Genealogy_Books_-_Family_Specifc#Brainard|Brainard to D]] ==== Avery ==== * '''Avery'''; [http://archive.org/stream/averyfairchildpa00byuaver#page/n5/mode/2up Avery, Fairchild & Park families of Massachusetts Connecticut & Rhode Island]; Tuttle Antiquarian Books, Rutland, VT; 1919; The Internet Archive * '''Avery''': The Groton Avery Clan; Avery, Elroy McKendree & Avery, Catherine Hitchcock (Tilden). Cleveland 1912; The Internet Archive ** [http://archive.org/stream/grotonaveryclan11aver#page/n7/mode/2up Volume I] ** [http://archive.org/stream/grotonaveryclan02aver#page/n13/mode/2up Volume II]. * '''Bailey''': [https://archive.org/stream/recordsbaileyfa00hopkgoog#page/n1/mode/2up Records of the Bailey Family; Descendants of William Bailey of Newport, R.I.]; Hannah C. Bailey Hopkins, 1895; The Internet Archive. * '''Baldwin'''; [http://archive.org/details/baldwingenealogy00bald The Baldwin Genealogy From 1500 To 1881]; Charles Candee Baldwin; 1881; The Internet Archive * '''Barber'''; [https://archive.org/stream/barbergenealogyi00wils#page/n7/mode/2up Barber Genealogy]; Willson, Lillian May; John Barber White, Haverhill, Mass. Press of the Nichols Print., 1909; The Internet Archive * '''Barnes'''; The Barnes Family Yearbook; Trescott C. Barnes; 1907, The Grafton Press, Genealogical Publishers, 70 Fifth Avenue, New York; The Internet Archive ** [http://www.archive.org/stream/barnesfamilyyear00barn#page/n5/mode/2up Volume 1] ** [https://archive.org/details/barnesfamilyyear02barn Volume 2] ** [https://archive.org/details/barnesfamilyyear03barn Volume 3] * '''Bass'''; [http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89062852777;view=1up;seq=1 Descendants of Deacon Samuel and Ann Bass]; Charissa Taylor Bass, 1940. The Hathi Trust * '''Beckwith'''; [http://archive.org/stream/thebeckwiths00beck#page/n7/mode/2up The Beckwiths]; Paul Edmond Beckwith, 1891; The Internet Archive * '''Bennett'''; [http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/005729846 Bennett and Allied Families]; Bullard, Edgar J.; Detroit, Mich., 1930; The Hathi Trust ** [http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/005712674 Addenda 1931]; The Hathi Trust ** [https://archive.org/details/otherbullardsgen00bull Other Bullards; Supplementary to Bullard and Allied Familes, 1928]; The Internet Archive * '''Bergen'''; [https://archive.org/details/bergenfamilyorde00inberg The Bergen Family, or, The Descendants of Hans Hansen Bergen]; Bergen, Teunis G.; J. Munsell; Albany, NY; 1876; The Internet Archive * '''Blakesley'''; [http://archive.org/stream/samuelblakesleyo00shep Samuel Blakesley of New Haven, Connecticut, and His Descendants]; James Shepard; Press of David Clapp & Son; 1902; The Internet Archive * '''Bouton, Boughton'''; [http://books.google.com/books?id=nig3AAAAMAAJ Descendants of John Boution, a Native of France]; Boughton, James; Joel Munsell's Sons, 1890; Google Books * '''Bowen'''; [http://books.google.com/books?id=sTE3AAAAMAAJ Lineage of the Bowens of Woodstock, Connecticut]; Bowen, Edward Augustus; Riverside Press, 1897; Google Books * '''Bradley'''; [https://archive.org/stream/bradleyofessexco00inpete#page/n9/mode/2up Bradley of Essex County, early records: from 1643 to 1746]; Peters, Eleanor Bradley; The Knickerbocker Press, New York, 1915; The Internet Archive ==== Brainard ==== * '''Brainard'''; [http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/005714815 Genealogy of the Brainerd-Brainard Family in America] (in 3 volumes); Brainard, Lucy Abigail; Hartford Press, The Case, Lockwood & Brainard Company, 1908; The Hathi Trust ** [https://archive.org/details/1990updatetogene01brai 1990 Update to the Genealogy of the Brainerd-Brainard Family in America]; Volume 1, Richard David Brainard, 1990; The Internet Archive ** [https://archive.org/details/1990updatetogene02brai 1990 Update to the Genealogy of the Brainerd-Brainard Family in America]; Volume 2, Richard David Brainard, 1990; The Internet Archive * '''Brewster'''; The Brewster Genealogy; Emma C. Brewster Jones; Eban Putnam, 1908; Salem, Mass.; The Internet Archive, Google Books ** [https://archive.org/details/brewstergenealog190801jone Volume 1] ** [http://books.google.com/books/about/The_Brewster_genealogy_1566_1907.html?id=xzU2AAAAMAAJ Volume 2] * '''Briggs''': [https://archive.org/stream/archivesofbriggs00brig#page/n3/mode/2up The archives of the Briggs Family]; Sam Briggs, 1880; The Internet Archive * '''Brockway''': [http://books.google.com/ebooks/app#reader/6ysZAQAAMAAJ/GBS.PP3 Some Records of Wolston Brockway and his Descendants]; Francis Edwin Brockway, 1890. Google Books * '''Buck'''; [https://archive.org/details/originhistorygen00harv Origin, History, and Genealogy of the Buck Family]; Harvey, Cornelius B.; J.J. Griffiths, Steam Book and Job Printer, Jersey City, N.J., 1889; The Internet Archive * '''Buell'''; [http://books.google.com/books/about/History_of_the_Buell_Family_in_England.html?id=ma4aAAAAYAAJ History of the Buell Family in England]; Welles, Albert.; Society Library, New York, 1881; Google Books * '''Bulkeley'''; [https://archive.org/details/bulkeleyfamilyor00chap The Bulkeley Family]; Rev. F. W. Chapman; The Case, Lockwood & Brainard Co, 1875; The Internet Archive * '''Burr'''; [https://archive.org/details/generalhistoryof00intodd A General History of the Burr Family in America]; Charles Burr Todd; E. Wells, Sackett & Bro., 1878; The Internet Archive * '''Carr'''; [https://archive.org/stream/carrfamilyrecor00carrgoog#page/n13/mode/2up The Carr Family Records: Embacing [sic] the Record of the First Families who...]; Edson Irving Carr; Herald Printing House, 1894; The Internet Archive * '''Chandler''': [https://archive.org/details/chandlerfamilyde00chan The Chandler Family: The Descendants of William and Annis Chandler who Settled in Roxbury, Mass., 1637]; George Chandler; 1883; The Internet Archive * '''Chesebrough''': [https://archive.org/stream/genealogydescen00wildgoog#page/n1/mode/2up Genealogy of the Descendants of William Chesebrough]; Anna Chesebrough Wildey, 1903; The Internet Archive * '''Colver, Culver'''; [https://archive.org/details/colverculvergen00colvgoog Colver-Culver Genealogy]; Frederic Lathrop Colver; F. Allaben Genealogical Company, 1910; The Internet Archive * '''Comstock''': [http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89067340125;view=1up;seq=1 A History and Genealogy of the Comstock Family in America]; Comstock, John A., 1883. The Hathi Trust * '''Cushing''': [http://books.google.com/books?id=0XTlb5pBsXsC The Genealogy of the Cushing Family]; Lemuel Cushing; 1877; Google Books * '''Dana'''; [https://dcms.lds.org/delivery/DeliveryManagerServlet?dps_pid=IE1159907 Memoir of the Late Hon. Samuel Dana]; James Dana; Cambridge: Press of John Wilson and Son. 1877; LDS Archive * '''Dane''': [http://books.google.com/books/about/A_declaration_of_remarkable_providences.html?id=o6scIVL2k1wC A Declaration of Remarkable Providences in the Course of My Life + Pedigree of the Dane Family]; John Dane; 1854; Google Books * '''Delano''': [http://www.loc.gov/item/84200154/ The Genealogy, History and Alliances of the American House of Delano]; Joel Andrew Delano; 1899; Library of Congress * '''Deming''': [https://archive.org/stream/genealogydescen00demigoog#page/n4/mode/2up Genealogy of the descendants of John Deming of Wethersfield, Connecticut]; Judson Keith Deming; Press of Mathis-Mets Co. 1904; The Internet Archive * '''Doane'''; [https://archive.org/details/doanefamily1deac00doan The Doane Family] Alfred Alder Doane; Boston, MA, by A. A. Doane, 1902; The Internet Archive * '''Dodge'''; [http://archive.org/stream/cu31924029840448#page/n11/mode/2up Dodge Genealogy - Descendants of Tristram Dodge]; Theron Royal Woodward, 1904; The Internet Archive * '''Dwight'''; [https://archive.org/details/historyofdescend01dwigiala The History of the Descendants of John Dwight, of Dedham, Mass]; Benjamin Woodbridge Dwight; J. F. Trow & Son, 1874; The Internet Archive * '''Elderkin''': [http://archive.org/stream/genealogyofelder00elde#page/n7/mode/2up Genealogy of the Elderkin Family with Intermarriages]; Dyer White Elderkin, 1888; The Internet Archive * '''Estes''': [http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/005761267 The Snow-Estes Ancestry]; Nora Snow; 1939; The Hathi Trust * '''Fitch'''; [https://archive.org/details/genealogyoffitch00fitc The Genealogy of the Fitch Family]; John G. Fitch; 1886; The Internet Archive * '''Foote''': [http://books.google.com/books?id=3aFMAAAAMAAJ The Descendants of Nathaniel Foote, One of the First Settlers of Wethersfield, Connecticut]; Nathaniel Goodwin (1849); Google Books * '''Foote''': [http://books.google.com/books?id=f1dMAAAAMAAJ Foote Family: Comprising the Genealogy and History of Nathaniel Foote of Wethersfield, Connecticut, Vol 1]. Abram William Foote, (1907); Google Books * '''French''': Genealogy of the Descendants of Thomas French; Howard Barclay French; 1909; Google Books ** [http://books.google.com/books?id=5gc5AQAAMAAJ Volume 1] ** [http://books.google.com/books?id=Ugg5AQAAMAAJ Volume 2] * '''Fuller'''; [https://archive.org/stream/fullergenealogy01full#page/n3/mode/2up Genealogy of some Descendants of Edward Fuller of the Mayflower]; William Hyslop Fuller; C.B. Fiske & Co., 1908; The Internet Archive * '''Gardiner''': [http://books.google.com/books?id=YvwcAAAAYAAJ The Gardiners of Narragansett]; Caroline E. Rodman Robinson; 1919; Google Books * '''Goodrich'''; [https://archive.org/details/goodrichfamilyin00good The Goodrich Family in America]; Lafayette Wallace Case; Fergus printing Company, 1889; The Internet Archive * '''Goodwin''': [https://archive.org/stream/goodwinsofkitter00good#page/n5/mode/2up The Goodwins of Kittery, York County, Maine]; John Samuel Goodwin; 1898; The Internet Archive * '''Gorham'''; [http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/005694935 Gorham Family Ancestors and Descendants of Ephraim Gorham]; Gerald James Parsons; Rochester, N.Y., G.J. Parsons and L.W. Hagen, 1955; The Hathi Trust * '''Gorton'''; [http://archive.org/stream/lifetimesofsamue00gort#page/n5/mode/2up The Life and Times of Samuel Gorton], 1907; The Internet Archive * '''Green, Greene'''; [https://archive.org/stream/genealogicalsket00gree#page/n3/mode/2up A Genealogical Sketch of the Descendants of Thomas Green of Malden, Mass.]; Samuel S. Greene; Boston: Henry W. Dutton & Son, Printers, 1858; The Internet Archive * '''Greene''': [http://books.google.com/books?id=OXctAAAAYAAJ Greenes of Warwick in Colonial History]; Google Books * '''Greene'''; [https://archive.org/stream/isaacgreenelanca00stewuoft#page/n5/mode/2up Isaac Greene, A Lancashire Lawyer of the 18th century, with the Diary of Ireland Greene (Mrs. Ireland Blackburne of Hale) 1748-9]; Ronald Stewart-Brown; Privately by the family, 1921; The Internet Archive * '''Greene'''; [https://archive.org/stream/greenefamilyitsb01lama#page/n9/mode/2up The Greene Family And Its Branches From A.D. 861 to A.D. 1904]; Lora S. La Mance; Mayflower Pub. Co., Floral Park, N.Y., 1904; The Internet Archive * '''Greene''': [https://archive.org/stream/greenesofrhodeis00gree#page/n1/mode/2up The Greenes of Rhode Island]; 1903; The Internet Archive * '''Green, Greene'''; [https://archive.org/stream/greenegreenfamil00gree#page/n9/mode/2up Greene (Green) Family of Plymouth Colony], 1909; The Internet Archive * '''Griswold'''; [http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/005695094 The Griswold Family, England-America]; Charles Delmar Townsend, Edna Waugh Townsend; Tuttle Publishing Company ; Griswold Family Association of America, 1970; The Hathi Trust * '''Griswold''': [http://archive.org/stream/griswoldfamilyof00sali#page/n5/mode/2up Griswold Family of Connecticut, Magazine of American History]; E. Elbridge Salisbury; The Internet Archive * '''Guild, Guile, Gile'''; [https://archive.org/details/genealogyhistory00burl The Genealogy and History of the Guild, Guile and Gile Family]; Charles Burleigh; 1887; The Internet Archive * '''Harrington'''; [http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/005758741 Early Generations of the Family of Robert Harrington of Watertown, Massachusetts, 1634]; Frederick Lewis Weis; Worcester, Massachusetts, 1958; The Hathi Trust * '''Higginson''': [ http://archive.org/details/descendantsofrev00higg Descendants of the Reverend Francis Higginson]; Thomas Wentworth Higginson; 1910; The Internet Archive * '''Hoar''': [https://archive.org/stream/hoarfamilyinamer00nour#page/n7/mode/2up The Hoar family in America and its English ancestry]; George Frisbie Hoar; 1899; The Internet Archive * '''Hubbard''': [https://archive.org/stream/onethousandyears00daye#page/n5/mode/2up One Thousand Years of Hubbard History, 866 to 1895]; Harlan Page Hubbard, 1895; The Internet Archive * '''Huntington''': [http://archive.org/stream/huntingtonfamily00hunt#page/n9/mode/2up The Huntington Family in America: a Genealogical Memoir] by the Huntington Family Association; Hartford CT: 1915; The Internet Archive ** [https://archive.org/details/huntingtonfamily01hunt 1962 Supplement] * '''Hurlbut'''; [https://archive.org/details/hurlbutgenealogy01hurl The Hurlbut Genealogy]; Henry Higgins Hurlbut; Peoria, Ill. Edwards, 1948; The Internet Archive * '''Jameson''': [https://archive.org/stream/jamesonsinameric00jame#page/n7/mode/2up The Jamesons in America. 1647-1900]; E. O. Jameson; 1901; The Internet Archive * '''Kellogg'''; [http://books.google.com/books?id=gx6MIuOLE1QC The Kelloggs in the Old World and the New]; Timothy Hopkins; 1903; Google Books * '''Kendall''': [https://archive.org/stream/kendallfamilyina00clem#page/n7/mode/2up The Kendall Family in America]; William Montgomery Clemens; 1919; The Internet Archive * '''Kinsman''': [http://books.google.com/books?id=qXaq2HmOeYYC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Genealogical Record of the Descendants of Robert Kinsman, of Ipswich, Mass.]; Lucy W. Sticeney; 1876; Google Books * '''Knapp'''; [https://archive.org/details/ancestrallinesof00knap The Ancestral Lines of Mary Lenore Knapp (electronic library card required)]; Alfred Averill Knapp; Peoria, Ill. Edwards, 1948; The Internet Archive * '''Lathrop, Lothrop'''; [https://archive.org/details/agenealogicalme00huntgoog A Genealogical Memoir of the Lo-Lathrop Family]; 1884; The Internet Archive * '''Leland''': [http://books.google.com/books?id=IiQxAAAAMAAJ The Leland Magazine, Or, a Genealogical Record of Henry Leland, and His Descendants] by Sherman Leland, 1850; Google Books * '''Leverett''': [http://archive.org/stream/amemoirbiograph00levegoog#page/n10/mode/2up A Memoir Biographical and Genealogical, of Sir John Leverett, Knt., Governor of Massachusetts] by Charles Edward Leverett. Crosby, Nichols & Co. 1856; The Internet Archive * '''Lockwood'''; [https://archive.org/stream/descendantsofrob00hold#page/n3/mode/2up Descendants of Robert Lockwood]; Frederic A. Holden and E. Dunbar Lockwood; Philadelphia, PA., 1889; The Internet Archive * '''Loomis'''; [https://archive.org/details/loomisfamilyinam00loom The Loomis Family in America]; Loomis Family Association; Hartford, CT., Press of the Connecticut Magazine, 1906; The Internet Archive * '''Lord''': [https://archive.org/stream/historyofdescend00lord#page/n9/mode/2up A History of the Descendants of Nathan Lord of Ancient Kittery, Me.]; C.C. Lord; 1912; The Internet Archive * '''Lathrop, Lothrop'''; [https://archive.org/details/agenealogicalme00huntgoog A Genealogical Memoir of the Lo-Lathrop Family]; 1884; The Internet Archive * '''Lundy''': [https://archive.org/stream/lundyfamilytheir00byuarms#page/n3/mode/2up The Lundy Family and their Decendants of Whatsoever Surname] by William Clinton Armstrong, 1902; The Internet Archive * '''Mack''' genealogy : the descendants of John Mack of Lyme, Conn. with appendix containing genealogy of allied families, etc. by Martin, Sophia Smith, 1903; The Internet Archive ** [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924092514854#page/n3/mode/2up Vol I] ** [https://archive.org/stream/mackgenealogydes22mart#page/n3/mode/2up Vol II] * '''Macomber''': [https://archive.org/stream/macombergenealog12stac#page/n7/mode/2up Macomber Genealogy]; Everett S. Stackpole; 1907; The Internet Archive * '''Mailliard''': [https://archive.org/stream/mailliardsofcali00mailrich#page/n5/mode/2up The Mailliards of California a family chronicle, 1868-1990]; William Somers Mailliard; 1991; The Internet Archive * '''Mead'''; [https://archive.org/details/genealogyofbranc00weav Genealogy of a Branch of the Mead family with a History of the Family in England and in America]; Lucius E. Weaver; Rochester, New York: 1917; The Internet Archive * '''Mead'''; [https://archive.org/details/historyandgenea00meadgoog History and Genealogy of the Mead Family of Fairfield County, Connecticut]; Spencer P. Mead; New York, Knickerbocker Press, 1901; The Internet Archive * '''Merryman'''; [https://archive.org/details/waltermerrymanof00sinn Walter Merryman of Harpswell, Maine, and His Descendants]; Charles Nelson Sinnett; Rumford Printing Co., Concord, New Hampshire, 1905; The Internet Archive * '''Miner'''; [https://archive.org/details/onebranchofminer00sell One Branch of the Miner Family (electronic library card required)]; Lillian Lounsberry (Miner) Selleck; 1928; The Internet Archive * '''Morris'''; [https://archive.org/stream/genealogyofmorri00carh#page/n5/mode/2up Genealogy of the Morris family - Descendants of Thomas Morris of Connecticut]; Lucy Ann Morris Carhart; New York: A.S. Barnes Co., 1911; The Internet Archive * '''Morris'''; [https://archive.org/stream/ephraimpamelacon00morr#page/n9/mode/2up Ephraim and Pamela (Converse) Morris - Their Ancestors and Descendants]; Tyler Seymour Morris; T.S. Morris in Chicago, 1894; The Internet Archive * '''Nicholls'''; [https://archive.org/details/sergeantfrancisn00nich Sergeant Francis Nicholls of Stratford]; Walter Nicholls; New York, The Grafton Press, 1909; The Internet Archive * '''Paine''': [https://archive.org/stream/ancestorsdescend00ohle#page/n5/mode/2up Ancestors and descendants of David Paine and Abigail Shepard of Ludlow, Mass., 1463-1913] by Ohler, Clara May Paine, 1862; The Internet Archive * '''Patchen, Patchin'''; [http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/005732150 The History and Genealogy of the Patchin-Patchen Family]; Myrtle M. Jillson; Patchin-en Family Association, Waterbury, Conn., 1952; The Hathi Trust * '''Payne, Paine, Payn''': [https://archive.org/stream/painefamilyrecor02pain#page/n7/mode/2up Paine Family Records: A Journal of Genealogical and Biographical Information Respecting the American Families of Payne, Paine, Payn &c, Volume 2] editor H. D. Paine, NY 1883; The Internet Archive * '''Peck'''; [https://archive.org/stream/selleckandpeckg00sellgoog#page/n8/mode/2up Selleck and Peck genealogy]; William Edwin Selleck; Chicago, Privately, 1912; The Internet Archive * '''Peckham'''; [http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/005732186 Genealogy of one branch of the Peckham family of Newport and Westerly, R.I]; The Hathi Trust * '''Perley''': [https://archive.org/stream/porterpedigreebe00port#page/n5/mode/2up A Porter Pedigree: Being an Account of the Ancestry and Descendants of Samuel and Martha (Perley) Porter of Chester, N.H., who Were Descendants of John Porter, of Salem, Mass., and of Allan Perley, of Ipswich, Mass]; Julie Porter; 1907; The Internet Archive * '''Perry''': [http://archive.org/stream/ourperryfamilyin00sinn#page/86/mode/2up/search/Smith Our Perry Family in Maine, It's Ancestors and Descendants] by Rev. Charles Nelson Sinnett; Publication: Lewiston, Maine: The Journal Printshop, 1911; The Internet Archive * '''Pierrepont'''; [http://books.google.com/books?id=_eAUAAAAYAAJ A genealogical abstract of descent of the family of Pierrepont], 1881; Google Books * '''Pierrepont'''; [https://archive.org/details/picciolathepriso00xavi Pierrepont Genealogies from Norman times to 1913], 1913; The Internet Archive * '''Pierson''': [https://archive.org/details/piersongenealogi00pier Pierson Genealogical Records]; Lizzie E. Pierson; 1878; The Internet Archive * '''Pitkin'''; [https://archive.org/details/pitkinfamilyofam00pitk Pitkin Family of America]; Albert Palmer Pitkin; Case, Lockwood & Brainard Co., Hartford, Conn., 1887; The Internet Archive * '''Porter''': [https://archive.org/stream/porterpedigreebe00port#page/n5/mode/2up A Porter Pedigree: Being an Account of the Ancestry and Descendants of Samuel and Martha (Perley) Porter of Chester, N.H., who Were Descendants of John Porter, of Salem, Mass., and of Allan Perley, of Ipswich, Mass]; Julie Porter; 1907; The Internet Archive * '''Pratt''': [https://archive.org/stream/prattfamilygenea00prat#page/n7/mode/2up The Pratt Family a Genealogical Record of Mathew Pratt, of Weymouth, Mass., and his American Descendants, 1623-1889] by Francis G. Pratt, Jr., 1890; The Internet Archive * '''Prescott'''; [http://books.google.com/books?id=r-BLAQAAIAAJ The Prescott Memorial: or, A genealogical memoir of the Prescott families in America. In two parts]; William Prescott; H. W. Dutton & son, 1870; Google Books * '''Rathbone''': [https://archive.org/stream/rathbonegenealog01cool#page/n5/mode/2up Rathbone Genealogy A Complete History of the Rathbone Family, Dating from 1574 to Date] by John C. Cooley; Press of the Courier; 1898; The Internet Archive * '''Robinson'''; [https://archive.org/details/robinsonstheirki17robi The Robinsons and Their Kin Folk]; The Robinson Genealogical and Historical Association, New York, 1902; The Internet Archive * '''Rogers''': [http://books.google.com/books?id=eSE2AQAAMAAJ James Rogers of New London, CT and His Descendants]; by [[Rogers-7676|James Swift Rogers]], 1902; Google Books * '''Ruggles''': [https://archive.org/stream/genealogyofthoma00bail#page/n5/mode/2up Genealogy of Thomas Ruggles of Roxbury, 1637, to Thomas Ruggles of Romfret Connecticut] by Franklin Ladd Bailey, 1896 * '''Selleck'''; [https://archive.org/stream/selleckandpeckg00sellgoog#page/n8/mode/2up Selleck and Peck genealogy]; William Edwin Selleck; Chicago, Privately, 1912; The Internet Archive * '''Shaw'''; [http://books.google.com/books?id=hrNRAAAAMAAJ Ancestors of Amyntas Shaw and his wife Lucy Tufts Williams]; Richard Cecil Stone; 1920; Google Books * '''Sherman'''; [https://archive.org/details/newenglandsherma1974sher The New England Shermans (electronic library card required)]; Roy V. Sherman; 1974; The Internet Archive * '''Slocum'''; [https://archive.org/details/shorthistoryofsl00slocrich A Short History of the Slocums, Slocumbs and Slocombs of America]; Charles Elihu Slocum; The author in Syracuse, N. Y., 1882; The Internet Archive * '''Smith''': [https://archive.org/stream/smithfamilybeing00readiala#page/n5/mode/2up The '''Smith''' Family: Being a Popular Account of Most Branches of the Name--however Spelt-- from the Fourteenth Century Downwards, with Numerous Pedigrees] by Compton Reade, 1904; The Internet Archive * '''Smith''': [http://archive.org/stream/neweditionofreco00perk#page/n7/mode/2up A New Edition of the Record of the Family of Roswell Smith. . . of Farmington, CT & Windsor, VT]; by Henry E. Perkins, 1921; The Internet Archive * '''Snow''': [http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/005761267 The Snow-Estes Ancestry]; Nora Snow; 1939; The Hathi Trust * '''Sprague''': [https://archive.org/details/spraguesofmalden00cham The Spragues of Malden] (requires digital library card); George Walter Chamberlain; 1923; The Internet Archive * '''Sterling'''; [http://books.google.com/books?id=REJVAAAAMAAJ The Sterling Genealogy]; Edward Boker Sterling; Grafton Press, 1909; Google Books * '''Stevens'''; [http://archive.org/stream/genealogyofsteve00stev#page/n11/mode/2up Genealogy of the Stevens family from 1635 to 1891]; Frederick S. Stevens; 1891, Bridgeport, Connecticut; The Internet Archive * '''Stiles'''; [http://books.google.com/books?id=DAMTAAAAYAAJ The Stiles Family in America]; Henry Reed Stiles; Doan & Pilson, printers, 1895; Google Books * '''Stokes''': [https://archive.org/stream/genealogyofstoke00hain#page/n5/mode/2up Genealogy of the Stokes Family]; Richard Haines; 1903; The Internet Archive * '''Stone''': [http://books.google.com/books?id=bjVVAAAAMAAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s Genealogy of the Stone Family Originating in Rhode Island]; Richard Cecil Stone; 1866; Google Books * '''Sturges'''; [https://archive.org/stream/solomonsturgeshi01buck#page/n11/mode/2up Solomon Sturges And His Descendants A Memoir And A Genealogy]; Ebenezer Buckingham; 1907; The Internet Archive * '''Tarbox''': [http://cslib.cdmhost.com/cdm/ref/collection/p4005coll11/id/486 John Tarbox of Lynn and his Descendants for Five Generations] by Rev. Increase N. Tarbox, 1888; Connecticut State Library * '''Thayer''': [https://archive.org/stream/memorialofthayer1874thay#page/n3/mode/2up Memorial of the Thayer Name, From the Massachusetts Colony of Weymouth and Braintree, Embracing Geneological (sic) and Biographical Sketches of Richard & Thomas Thayer, and Their Descendants from 1636 to 1814] by Bezaleel Thayer, R. J. Oliphant; 1874; The Internet Archive * '''Thurston'''; [http://books.google.com/books?id=OkZWAAAAMAAJ Genealogy of Charles Myrick Thurston and of His Wife]; Charles Myrick Thurston; Trow & Smith Book Manufacturing Company, 1865; Google Books * '''Thurston''': [https://archive.org/stream/thurstongenealogbyu00thur#page/n5/mode/2up Thurston Genealogies]; Brown Thurston; 1892; The Internet Archive * '''Tilton''': [http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/005769832 The ancestry of Phoebe Tilton, 1775-1847, wife of Capt. Abel Lunt of Newburyport, Massachusetts]; Walter Goodwin Davis; 1947; The Hathi Trust * '''Townsend'''; [https://archive.org/details/memorialofjohnhe00newy A Memorial of John, Henry, and Richard Townsend, and Their Descendants] 1865; The Internet Archive * '''Treman, Tremaine, Truman''': [https://archive.org/stream/historyoftremant01trem#page/n5/mode/2up The History of the Treman, Tremaine, Truman family in America]; by Ebenezar M. Treman, Press of the Ithaca Democrat; 1901; The Internet Archive * '''Tuttle'''; [https://archive.org/details/descendantsofwil02tutt The Descendants of William and Elizabeth Tuttle] George Frederick Tuttle; Rutland, VT, Tuttle & Co., 1883; The Internet Archive * '''Vrooman''': [http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89062511381;view=1up;seq=5 The Vrooman Family in America - Descendants of Hendrick Meese Vrooman who came from Holland to America in 1664]; by Grace Vrooman Wickersham & Ernest Bernard Comstock, 1949; The Hathi Trust * '''Wadhams'''; [http://books.google.com/books?id=SHFZAAAAMAAJ Wadhams genealogy, proceded by a sketch of the Wadham family in England]; Harriet Weeks Stevens; Frank Allaben genealogical company, 1913; Google Books * '''Ward, Warde'''; [https://archive.org/details/andrewwardehisde00ward Andrew Warde and His Descendants, 1597-1910]; George Kemp Ward; New York : A.T. De La Mare Printing and Publishing Company, 1910; The Internet Archive * '''Weekes''': [https://archive.org/stream/geoweekesgenealo00week#page/n7/mode/2up Genealogy of the Family of George Weekes] by Robert D. Weeks, 1885; The Internet Archive * '''Westcott''': [https://archive.org/details/historygenealogy01whit History and Genealogy of the Ancestors and Some Descendants of Stukely Westcott] (requires digital library card); Roscoe L. Whitman; 1932; The Internet Archive * '''Wheeler''': [https://archive.org/stream/genealogicaland00genegoog#page/n12/mode/2up The Genealogical and Encyclopedic History of the Wheeler Family in America] by Albert Gallatin Wheeler, 1914; The Internet Archive * '''Wheeler''': [http://books.google.com/books?id=9J5AAAAAYAAJ Genealogy of Some of the Descendants of Obadiah Wheeler of Concord] by Henry M. Wheeler; Google Books * '''White'''; [http://books.google.com/books?id=D1U6AAAAcAAJ Memorials of Elder John White]; Kellog, Allyn Stanley; Case, Lockwood and Company, 1860; Google Books * '''White'''; [http://books.google.com/books?id=cREwAAAAYAAJ Memorials of Roderick White and His Wife, Lucy Blakeslee of Paris Hill, N.Y.]; Andrew Curtis White; 1892 - 32 pages; Google Books * '''Wildbore''': [https://archive.org/stream/wildboresinameri00wilb#page/n5/mode/2up The '''Wildbores''' in America, a Family Tree]; by John Reid Wilbor, 1907; The Internet Archive * '''Williams''': [http://books.google.com/books?id=hrNRAAAAMAAJ Ancestors of Amyntas Shaw and his wife Lucy Tufts Williams]; Richard Cecil Stone; 1920; Google Books * '''Willson''': [http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89062476734;view=1up;seq=21 The Willson family, 1672-1959.]; by Willson, Richard Eugene; The Hathi Trust

A page of links to genealogy books that researchers may find valuable. I won't vouch for the research contained in them, just link to them so you can judge for yourselves. {| class="wikitable sortable" cellpadding=3 | Location || Title || Author || Digital Source |- | Charlestown, Mass || [https://archive.org/details/genealogiesestat01wyma The genealogies and estates of Charlestown : in the county of Middlesex and commonwealth of Massachusetts, 1629-1818] || Thomas Bellows Wyman|| The Internet Archive |- | Upper Monongahela Valley, WV & PA || [http://books.google.com/books?id=UM7gBFLDzvkCThe Tenmile Country and Its Pioneer Families] || Howard L. Leckey || Google Books |- | New England || [[Space:New_England_Locations_and_Dates|April Dauenhauer's New England Resource Page]] || April Dauenhauer || WikiTree |- | New England || [http://books.google.com/books/about/Genealogical_and_Personal_Memoirs_Relati.html?id=Rdk4AQAAMAAJ Genealogical and Personal Memoirs Relating to the Families of Boston and Eastern Massachusetts, Volume 1] || William Richard Cutter || Google Books |- | New England || [https://familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/A_Genealogical_Dictionary_of_the_First_Settlers_of_New_England A Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England] || James Savage || Google Books |- | New England || [https://familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/New_England_Historical_Genealogical_Register_Online The New England Historical and Genealogical Register] || Heritage Books || Google Books or Internet Archive |- | United Kingdom || [http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/metabook?id=dnb Dictionary of National Biography] || Leslie Stephen and Sidney Lee || Google Books or Internet Archive |}

Bruton, Eric Hubert and Bruton, Mary Lee Cribb. ''Descendants of George and Susan Wilson Bruton''. High Point, NC. 1982 Bruton book online:https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/166441-bruton-1744-1984-descendants-of-george-bruton-1744-1811-and-wife-susan-wilson-bruton-1747-1807?viewer=1&offset=2#page=1&viewer=picture&o=info&n=0&q= Gayle, Martha Poole. ''The Descendants of Colwell Poole and Charlotte Blake''. Self Published, 1991 Goforth, Grady. ''Montgomery County Cemeteries''. Self Published. Around 2016? Richter, Winnie & Montgomery County Historical Society. '''The Heritage of Montgomery County, North Carolina''' Winston-Salem, North Carolina. Volume I Richter, Winnie & Montgomery County Historical Society. '''The Heritage of Montgomery County, North Carolina''' Winston-Salem, North Carolina. Volume II

*Strickland, Sexta Eavenson. ''Eavenson-Strickland and Allied Families''. Stein Printing Company, 1935. *Launery, John Pitts. ''First Families of Chester County, Pennsylvania'' Volume 2. Willow Bend Books, 2000. *Holloman, Ann Clark and Hilley Cousins. ''Hilley Cousins: The Descendants of Thomas Hilley, Revolutionary Soldier, and His Wife Mary Walker Bond''. LifeSprings Resources, 2002. Volume I and II. *Futhey, J. Smith and Cope, Gilbert. ''History of Chester County Pennsylvania''. Heritage Books, 2007. Volume I and II. *McIntosh, John H. ''History of Elbert County, Georgia 1790-1935''. The McGregor Company., 1940. *Nichols, Gary. ''Hurrah for Georgia, The History of the 38th Georgia Regiment''. A15 Publishing, 2017. *Norman, Annie, Longino, Helen Maxwell and Maxwell, Annie Lou. "Thomas Maxwell of Virginia and Georgia and His Descendants."

==Books for Surnames== *Blake/Thompson **Culyer, Richard C. and Culyer, Gail Blake. ''James Blake and Wincey Thompson. Their Children, Grandchildren and Spouses''. Gandy Drive, Hartsville, South Carolina. 1997. *Blake/Thompson **''Culyer, Richard C. and Culyer, Gail Blake. ''James Blake and Wincey Thompson. Their Descendants and Spouses''. Gandy Drive, Hartsville, South Carolina. 1993. *Jones **Kelly, Reba Stokes. ''Keeping Up With The Joneses''. United, Inc., 2000. *Gaddy **Gaddy, William Carmi and Gaddy, Corinne McDouglad. ''That Our Names May Be Written: A Gaddy Family History''. B & C Pulblishing, Baton Rouge, Louisiana.1999. *McNair **McNair, Danny and other McNair cousins. ''The Edward and Mary McNair Family of Richmond County, North Carolina. A.D. ca 1750 - 2004''. 2004 *Yarborough **Yarboro, Charles David. ''To The Memory of John Yarborough, Charles Yarborough of Montgomery County, North Carolina''. ==Other Books== *Richter, Winnie Ingram and other members of the Heritage Book Committee. ''The Heritage of Montgomery County, North Carolina 1981'' Volume I. Hunter Publishing, Winston-Salem, NC. 1981 *Huntley, Rosemary King. ''The Heritage of Montgomery County, North Carolina. Volume IIm 1992''. The Heritage Book Collection, Delmar Printing. 1992. *Lassiter, Mable S. ''Pattern of Timeless Moments. A History of Montgomery County''. 1976

This is a space to list genealogy conferences and closely related events focused on further genealogy education. This is not a space for webinars. Add further events chronologically by start date. Do not delete past events, as these may be a useful reference for finding other events organized by the same groups. All textual information posted in this space is to be free for reuse without restriction. ''Format:'' * YYYY-MM-DD | length in days | Location | Organization / Organizer | Conference Name | ''Brief description'' (200 characters or less) For the organization and conference name, include a link if applicable. In order to facilitate web scraping of this, do not use the "|" character except as a separator, as demonstrated. == 2018 == * 2018-04-13 | 2 | Oshkosh, Wisconsin, United States | [https://wsgs.org/ Wisconsin State Genealogical Society] | [https://wsgs.org/ Gen-A-Rama 2018] | ''Theme: Rediscovering Your Love of Genealogy – Moving from Overwhelmed to Organized.'' * 2018-04-20 | 3 | Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada | [http://www.saskgenealogy.com/ Saskatchewan Genealogical Society] | [http://www.saskgenealogy.com/index.php/education/sgs-2018-conference/ SGS 2018 Conference] | ''Your Family History: Finding and Assembling the Pieces.'' * 2018-04-21 | 1 | Glenrothes, Fife, Scotland, United Kingdom | [http://www.safhs.org.uk/ The Scottish Association of Family History Societies] | [https://safhs2018.fifefhs.org/ The 29th SAFHS Conference & Family History Fair] | ''The theme of "Was Your Ancestor a Convict?" at The Rothes Halls, Glenrothes, Fife.'' * 2018-06-01 | 2 | Burbank, California, United States | [http://scgsgenealogy.com/ Southern California Genealogical Society] | [http://genealogyjamboree.com/jamboree-2018/ Jamboree 2018] | (details) * 2018-06-01 | 3| Guelph, Ontario, Canada | [https://ogs.on.ca Ontario Genealogical Society] | [https://conference2018.ogs.on.ca 2018 Annual Conference] | ''Upper Canada to Ontario: The Birth of a Nation.'' * 2018-06-13 | 4 | Buffalo, New York, United States | [https://www.palam.org/ Palatines to America German Genealogy Society] | [https://www.palam.org/2018aRegistrationFINAL.pdf 2018 National Conference] | ''Willkommen to Buffalo - Gateway to a New Heimat (home).'' * 2018-07-18 | 5 | Pierre, South Dakota, United States | [http://grhs.org/ Germans from Russia Heritage Society] | [http://grhs.org/aboutus/conventions/documents/2018_Pre%2048th%20Annual%20GRHS%20Convention%20reg.pdf 48th Annual International Convention] | (details) * 2018-07-27 | 3 | Calgary, Alberta, Canada | [https://www.sggee.org/ Society for German Genealogy in Eastern Europoe] | [https://www.sggee.org/convention/convention_news.html 20th Anniversary Convention: Hands-On Genealogy] | ''Workshops & programs for researching German ancestors in Poland & Volhynia.'' * 2018-07-30 | 4 | Hays, Kansas, United States | [https://www.ahsgr.org/ American Historical Society of Germans from Russia (AHSGR)] | [https://www.ahsgr.org/ 49th Annual AHSGR Convention] | (details) * 2018-07-31 | 4 | Provo, Utah, United States | [https://www.byu.edu Brigham Young University] | [https://familyhistory.ce.byu.edu BYU Conference on Family History & Genealogy] | ''Conference offers more than 100 classes, including a free track on Friday for Family History Consultants, allowing participants to gain new skills and helpful information.'' * 2018-08-05 | 4 | Warsaw, Poland | [http://www.iajgs.org The International Association of Jewish Genealogical Societies (IAJGS)] | [http://www.iajgs2018.org/ 38th IAJGS International Conference on Jewish Genealogy] | ''"More than 300 events, panel discussions, and workshops focusing on genealogy methodology, available archival resources, and the history of all Jewish communities with special emphasis on the Jews of Central and Eastern Europe."'' * 2018-08-06 | 5 | Salt Lake City, Utah, United States | [http://feefhs.org/ Foundation for East European Family History Studies] | [http://feefhs.org/conference-overview 2018 Eastern European Family History Conference] | (details) * 2018-08-10 | 2 | Columbia, Missouri, United States | [https://mosga.org/index.php Missouri State Genealogical Association] | [https://mosga.org/cpage.php?pt=30 2018 Conference] | (details) * 2018-08-15 | 4 | Arlington, Washington, United States | [https://stillygen.org/ Stillaguamish Valley Genealogical Society] | [https://stillygen.org/cpage.php?pt=50 2018 Northwest Genealogy Conference] | ''More details & updates on their [https://www.facebook.com/Northwest-Genealogy-Conference-109884296091070/Facebook page].'' * 2018-08-22 | 4 | Fort Wayne, Indiana, United States | [https://fgs.org/ Federation of Genealogical Societies] | [https://www.fgsconference.org/fgs2018/ FGS 2018 National Conference] | ''FGS & Allen County Public Library (local host) bring you sessions with a wide variety of topics from many of the nation’s top family history experts.'' * 2018-09-13 | 4 | Tarrytown, New York, United States | [https://www.newyorkfamilyhistory.org/ New York Family History and Biographical Society] | [https://nysfhc.newyorkfamilyhistory.org/ 2018 New York State Family History Conference] | ''2½ days of lectures, workshops, and a vibrant exhibit hall. 45 conference sessions on New York records, genealogy methodology, DNA and genealogy, and more.'' * 2018-09-28 | 3 | Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada | [http://www.kdgs.ca/ Kelowna & District Genealogical Society] | [https://kdgswix.wixsite.com/kdgs Harvest Your Family Tree Conference 2018] | ''11 acclaimed speakers from Australia, USA and Canada with 31 topics.'' * 2018-10-05 | 2 | Sturbridge, Massachusetts, United States | [http://sarassociation.org/ Swedish Ancestry Research Association (SARA)] | [http://blog.arkivdigital.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/SARA-2018-conference-flyer-registration.pdf Swedish American Genealogy Conference] | ''Find your relatives in America. Find your family back in Sweden. Follow their lives in Sweden.'' * 2018-10-12 | 3 | Medicine Hat, Alberta, Canada | [http://www.abgenealogy.ca/ Alberta Genealogy Society] | [http://www.abgenealogy.ca/medicine-hat-conference Medicine Hat & District Branch Conference] | ''40-years of genealogical research. Featuring DNA specialist Diahan Southard and blogger Gena Philibert-Ortega.'' * 2018-10-27 | 1 | Edina, Minnesota, United States | [https://sgsmn.org Swedish Genealogical Society of Minnesota] | [https://sgsmn.org/eventListings.php?nm=19 Fall Conference Featuring Lisa Louise Cooke] | ''9:00 am to 4:00 pm.'' * 2018-11-02 | 3 | Oslo, Norway | [https://www.myheritage.com/ MyHeritage] | MyHeritage LIVE | ''The first ever MyHeritage International User Conference. Learn more about MyHeritage products (current and future) directly from the senior MyHeritage staff, hear invited speakers who are leaders in genealogy and DNA research, and meet and make friends with fellow users of MyHeritage.'' == 2019 == * 2019-01-13 | 6 | Salt Lake City, Utah, United States | [https://ugagenealogy.org/ Utah Genealogical Association] | [https://slig.ugagenealogy.org/ Salt Lake Institute of Genealogy (SLIG)] | ''High-intermediate to Advanced Education.'' * 2019-01-21 | 5 | Salt Lake City, Utah, United States | [https://ugagenealogy.org/ Utah Genealogical Association] | [https://slig.ugagenealogy.org/ Salt Lake Institute of Genealogy (SLIG) Academy for Professionals] | ''For Professionals and Budding Professionals.'' * 2019-02-27 | 4 | Salt Lake City, Utah, United States | [https://www.familysearch.org/ FamilySearch] | [https://www.rootstech.org/ RootsTech] | (details) * 2019-04-26 | 3 | Edmonton, Alberta, Canada | [http://www.abgenealogy.ca/ Alberta Genealogical Society] | [http://www.abgenealogy.ca/2019-ags-conference-images-through-time 2019 AGS Conference: Images Through Time] | ''300-plus attendees from across Western Canada and Northwestern U.S., learn about emerging technology, social media, DNA, enhancing research techniques and more.'' * 2019-05-08 | 4 | St. Charles, Missouri, United States | [https://ngsgenealogy.org/ National Genealogical Society] | [https://conference.ngsgenealogy.org/ 2019 Family History Conference] | Over 150 lectures, 80 exhbitors, and 2000 genealogists. * 2019-05-30 | 4 | Burbank, California, United States | [http://scgsgenealogy.com/ Southern California Genealogical Society] | [http://genealogyjamboree.com Jamboree 2019] | (details) * 2019-06-07 | 2 | Birmingham, England, United Kingdom | [https://www.thegenealogyshow.uk/ The Genealogy Show] | [https://www.thegenealogyshow.uk/ The Genealogy Show] | (description) * 2019-06-15 | 3 | Sacramento, California, United States | [https://iggpartner.org/ Internation German Genealogy Partnership] | [ 2019 International German Genealogy Conference] | (details) == 2020 ==

== Overview == This is an ongoing list of the profiles the [https://discord.gg/Hb6Mb9z Genealogy Discord] set out to collaborate on improving. This is our way of helping out the general Wikitree community. The profiles added to this project are open (white lock) and random using the [https://apps.wikitree.com/apps/nelson3486/random/ random button]. Often, profiles and their family members are cleaned up from GEDcom import, sourced, and connected to the big tree by the participants. The participants work alongside each other to add these people while communicating using the genealogy Discord server. The goal is to spruce up one random profile a day, but there can be more or less depending on interest. Please note that members can and will work on not just the specific person, but anyone accessible in their tree (including any ancestors and descendants) that they wish to work on. == The List == # [[Drew-1757|Ephraim Knowles Drew]] - 25 October 2019 # [[Beique-LaFleur-1|Jacques François “James” Beique-LaFleur]] 26 October 2019 # [[Troy-242|Anthony Marshall Troy]] - 28 October 2019 # [[Backes-105|Michael Backes]] - 29 October 2019 # [[Pacheco-506|Simona Judy (Pacheco) Werther]] - 30 October 2019 # [[Banen-7|Willemijntje Banen]] - 31 October 2019 # [[Burke-1535|Honora (Burke) Peterson]] - 1 Nov 2019 # [[Cruise-222|Irene Katherine (Cruise) Bailey]] - 1 Nov 2019 (again) # [[Newhill-2|Thomas Newhill]] - 6 January 2020 # [[Peacock-1054|Andrew Peacock]] 22 Jan 2020

Space for scanned documents relating to Stone or Priest family tree Compiled by and inherited from [[Holdem-13|Leonie (Holdem) Priest]] Currently in possession of [[Stone-25334|Brad Stone]] Uploaded to Google Drive folder to allow larger files to be accessed = [https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1nwj9lnieI5CWF73OR9mIeHM6OnYrFSwz?usp=drive_link Main Folder]= * [[Space:Priest/Holdem_Pedigree_Chart|Priest/Holdem Pedigree Chart]] * [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1-b5kAjpnCg7pD-8RgY1bzGpO2lPkx8r8/view Ancestors of Leonie Priest] * [https://drive.google.com/file/d/152OS7FGxzBBraHoC-TDwA9ZYDhc73GQC/view Babington Files] * [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1M72aUBiL7tQjKq4IBa1r_E2hEpy-shL_/view Babington Saga] * [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1indWbpHrQc27miiImKMqv9XdydOcdjil/view Beards of Painswick, Gloucestershire] * [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1RvA8fYroz6dIjbLETAraRaCu9kjv4U4F/view John Henry Dawber Diary] * [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1WYA4Xzn0i9ayKXB5amkGCvnhjPfzCzqp/view Cox Files] * [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1WQFvFjxjeXo1-2OaXg9d48Gw4K8eaH3u/view Smith Files]

For now this will be a repository for public images

==GENEALOGY LISTSERVS:== Listservs are computer mailing lists which enable everyone on the list to receive all messages sent to the list. To join a listserv, you must subscribe with an email message to the subscription address. You will receive many messages each day from the listserv if it is a busy one. Busy listservs forward many messages each day. Slow ones might only give you a few messages a week. It depends on how many folks are subscribed and how often they write and respond to messages. Genealogists have taken to the listserv like a fish to water. Thousands of listservs have sprung up to connect researchers online. Some are general surname lists and others deal with a specific surname. Some lists deal with folks from a particular birthplace. Here are some of the good ones: * Rootsweb listservs - Good lists for beginners, with a wide variety of resourses for all areas of genealogical research - from Rootsweb - https://mailinglists.rootsweb.com/listindexes/ == FACEBOOK GROUPS == Facebook groups - many of the old listservs are now going multimedia by forming a group on facebook where they can more easily share photos, comments, videos and messages. Here are some of the more general ones: # Genealogy Just Ask - https://www.facebook.com/groups/GenealogyJustAsk/ # The Genealogy Squad - https://www.facebook.com/groups/genealogysquad/ # Irish Genealogy Research Society - https://www.facebook.com/IrishGenealogicalResearchSociety/ # Italian Genealogy - https://www.facebook.com/groups/italiangenealogy/ # Wikitree Members Group - https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikiTreeForGenealogists/ == Return to: == * TOP OF PAGE - https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:Genealogy_LIstservs_Tutorial_Page == Acknowledgements == This page written by: Sharon Centanne, Genealogy Research Instructor and Internet Trainer

A family history compiled by B. Lawrence Jr. for his children.

Detailed genealogy of Amos Robinson. ---- == Biography == Amos Robinson, son of [[Robinson-40616|Jacob Robinson]] and [[Cummings-6347|Elizabeth (Cummings) Robinson]] was born on 5 APR 1711 at Topsfield, Essex County, Massachusetts. The following collection of genealogical documentation provides a fairly complete picture of Amos Robinson's family relationships, but only a limited amount of information has been found to shed light on the nature of his personal life, nor has a record been found to establish the date of his death. Nevetheless it is possible to establish the time period in which Amos Robinson Sr. died. The last documented event (known as of Aug. 2020) in which Amos Robinson Sr. is clearly alive is the birth of his son Asa in 1762, and he is also mentioned as the father of Reuben at the time of Reuben's death in 1765, but that reference does not require that he was still alive. At the maximum age extreme, it is known that his wife, Lydia Robinson was alive and recorded as the head of a Middletown, Middlesex, Connecticut household in the 1790 census, which was enumerated on 7 Feb 1791, hence there is a near certainty that Lydia was a widow and Amos Sr. had died prior to this date. Thus it may be stated with a high degree of certainty, that Amos Robinson Sr. lived to be at least 51 years of age, and died sometime between 1762 and 1791, but it is not known whether he lived through the Revolution, nor can his terminal age be established. ===The Family of Amos Robinson Sr.=== What may be known, with a high degree of certainty, is that Amos Robinson Sr. was married at least twice, was the father of at least thirteen children, and was well acquainted with grief having lost his first wife, Priscilla Lake, and four of his children to premature death prior to 1762 and then in 1779 his fourth son, John, was killed while serving in the Revolutionary War. ====Marriage==== Amos Robinson Sr. is known to have married twice and both marriages happened while he was living at Lunenburg, Massachusetts, although the records seem to imply that the actual weddings may have been performed at his birthplace in Topsfield, Massachusetts: #) [[Lake-4344|Priscilla (Lake) Robinson]]: On 03 Sep 1733 In Lunenburg, Worcester, Massachusetts Amos 1st was married to Priscilla Lake. Priscilla Lake died sometime between the birth of her third child, Daniel, on 13 Apr 1738, and Amos' second marriage to Lydia on 24 Nov 1743. Amos named two of his daughters by Lydia Wentworth Priscilla; the name Priscilla carried meaning for both of the parents as Lydia had a sister named Priscilla and Amos was able to have a living memorial to honor the memory of his first wife. #) [[Wentworth-2569|Lydia Wentworth]]: Amos was married (second) to Lydia Wentworth, of Norwich Connecticut, on 24 Nov 1743 at Topsfield, Essex, Massachusetts. Lydia was born on 26 Sep 1724 at Norwich, Connecticut, thirteen years younger than Amos, the reason Amos and Lydia continued to have children through 1762. Lydia's date of death is unknown, but she is enumerated as the head of house in the 1790 Middletown Connecticut census, almost certainly the widowed wife of Amos Robinson, Sr. The Cromwell, Connecticut church records also show that Amos Robinson Sr. had several children in the period of 1753 to 1762, unfortunately the identification of the mother of these children has been obscured such that the church records do not identify the mother of these children; however as Lydia Robinson was very much alive and the head of a 1790 Middletown, Conn household, it seems reasonable to deduce that she was the mother of these children. In addition to the marriage between Amos and his wives, there is a second marriage relationship of particular significance to the Amos Robinson Sr. family and that is the bond, by marriage, established between his family and the family of [[Sage-205|Lewis Samuel Sage Sr.]]. The Cromwell Connecticut church record documents three marriages between the families: #) Aaron Robinson, son of Amos Robinson Sr. and Deborah Sage, daughter of Lewis Samuel Sage, were married at Cromwell on 3 November 1769. #) David Robinson, son of Amos Robinson Sr. and [[Sage-967|Mary Sage]], daughter* of Lewis Samuel Sage, were married at Cromwell in April of 1769. ''{* Mary may or may not have been the sister of Thankful and Deborah, though the composite historical record seems to favor the notion that she was; see her profile for additional detail.}'' #) Daniel Robinson, son of Amos Robinson Sr. and Thankful Sage, daughter of Lewis Samuel Sage, were married at Cromwell on 25 Sept 1783. The 1790 census affirms that Lewis Samuel Sage and Lydia Robinson (assumed to be the widow of Amos Robinson Sr. and living in their dwelling place) lived virtually next door to each other; it seems the families shared a kindred spirit and their close proximity undoubtedly spawned a close working relationship on a regular basis. The evidence of this kindred spirit and affinity between the families is demonstrated by three marriages between the families and at least nine double-related cousins. ====Their Children==== The genealogical record suggests that Amos Robinson Sr. was the father of thirteen children. The birth records and parental association for seven of the thirteen children are indisputable, the Cromwell records for another five of his offspring are quite firm, but lack identification of the mother, and the relationship of the thirteenth, Aaron, has been asserted to be a son of Amos and Lydia on the basis of the timeliness and proximity of his presence in the Cromwell church records with the rest of the family. #) [[Robinson-38667|Amos Robinson Jr.]], son of Amos Robinson Sr. and his wife Priscilla Lake, was born 26 July 1734 at Lunenburg, Mass; married (first), in 1758, [[Hyde-5167|Deborah Hyde]] (1734-1780); married (second) Anna (Unknown); died 16 March 1818 at Lebanon, Grafton, New Hampshire; father of nine children. [https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q29L-T2W3 "Massachusetts, Town Clerk, Vital and Town Records, 1626-2001,"] database with images, FamilySearch (rev: 18 February 2020), Amos Robinson in entry for Amos Robinson, 26 Jul 1734; citing Birth, Lunenburg, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States, Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth, Boston; FHL microfilm 004934225. #) [[Robinson-40647|Eliezer Robinson]], son of Amos Robinson Sr. and his wife Priscilla Lake, was born 17 March 1735 at Lunenburg, Mass.; married, on 10 Nov 1763 at Lebanon, Connecticut, [[Johnson-97487|Deborah Johnson]]; died 21 Oct 1826. No known children. [https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VQD8-292 "Massachusetts Births and Christenings, 1639-1915"], database, FamilySearch (rev: 15 January 2020), Amos Robinson in entry for Eliezer Robinson, 1735. at Lunenburg, Massachusetts. #) [[Robinson-40645|Daniel Robinson]], son of Amos Robinson Sr. and his wife Priscilla Lake, was born 13 Apr 1738 at Lunenburg, Massachusetts; no adult records, presumably deceased before the birth of the second Daniel Robinson, son of Amos in 1757. "Massachusetts Births and Christenings, 1639-1915", database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VQD8-V5D : 15 January 2020), Amos Robinson in entry for Daniel Robinson, 1738. #) [[Robinson-40646|John Robinson]], son of Amos Robinson, Sr. and his second wife Lydia Wentworth, was born 14 August 1744 at Lunenburg, Massachusetts; married [[Strickland-6039|Mary Strickland]] on 10 March 1763 at Cromwell, Connecticut; died on or about 18 July 1779 at Norwalk, Connecticut--killed in the Revolutionary War; father of nine children. #) [[Robinson-40732|Aaron Robinson]], son of Amos Robinson, Sr. and his second wife Lydia Wentworth, born circa 1746 possibly at Norwich, Conn.; married [[Sage-966|Deborah Sage]] on 3 Nov 1768 at Cromwell, Conn; father of at least three children. The evidence used (in this profile) to link Aaron as a son of Amos and Lydia is that he is living in Cromwell with the rest of the family and was married a sister of two of the daughter in laws of Amos and Lydia at the right timeframe. No birth record has been found to substantiate this assertion, however, it should be noted that Aaron's maternal grandfather was named [[Wentworth-2590|Aaron Wentworth]], hence his name actually does provide a small bit of substantiating evidence to affirm that Aaron was the son of Amos and Lydia. #) [[Robinson-40739|Priscilla Robinson]], daughter of Amos Robinson, Sr. and his second wife Lydia Wentworth, born 24 Feb 1746 at Groton, Middlesex, Massachusetts, and she died on 16 Mar 1746 in Groton, Middlesex, Massachusetts as an infant less than one month old. #) [[Robinson-40731|David Robinson]], son of Amos Robinson, Sr. and his second wife Lydia Wentworth, was born 9 Mar 1747 at Groton, Middlesex, Massachusetts. David appears with the family of Amos Robinson in the Cromwell, Connecticut records. where his April 1769 marriage to [[Sage-967|Mary (Sage) Robinson]] is recorded; father of three children; died about 1826. #) [[Robinson-40620|Reuben Robinson]], son of Amos Robinson, Sr. and his second wife Lydia Wentworth, was born 18 Mar 1751 at Norwich, New London, Connecticut; he died on 4 Jun 1765 at Cromwell, Middlesex, Connecticut at the age of fourteen. #) [[Robinson-40528|Hezekiah Robinson]], son of Amos Robinson, Sr. and an unknown spouse, but probably his second wife Lydia Wentworth, was baptized 1 July 1753 in Cromwell, Middlesex, Connecticut, and he died 12 Jan 1754 in Cromwell, Middlesex, Connecticut at the age of six months. #) [[Robinson-40531|Elizabeth Robinson]], daughter of Amos Robinson, Sr. and an unknown spouse, but probably his second wife Lydia Wentworth, was baptized on 5 January 1755 at Cromwell, Middlesex, Connecticut. #) [[Robinson-28789|Daniel Robinson]], son of Amos Robinson, Sr. and an unknown spouse, but probably his second wife Lydia Wentworth, was baptized 19 May 1757 at Cromwell, Middlesex, Connecticut; married [[Sage-971|Thankful Sage]] on 25 Sep 1783 Cromwell, Middlesex, Connecticut; father of at least seven children; died 25 Mar 1838 in Altona, Clinton County, New York. #) [[Robinson-40532|Priscilla (Robinson) Colburn]], daughter of Amos Robinson, Sr. and an unknown spouse, but probably his second wife Lydia Wentworth, was baptized on 12 Aug 1759 at Cromwell, Middlesex, Connecticut; married [[Colburn-1622|Jacob Colburn]] on Sep 1783 at Cromwell, Middlesex, Connecticut. #) [[Robinson-40529|Asa Robinson]], son of Amos Robinson, Sr. and an unknown spouse, but probably his second wife Lydia Wentworth, was baptized 15 Aug 1762 at Cromwell, Middlesex, Connecticut. ===Migration of the Amos Robinson Family=== Amos Robinson Sr. was born at [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Topsfield,+MA/@42.6028432,-71.0029628,11.75z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x89e40bee412d0c99:0xa431d5f306d316bc!8m2!3d42.6375941!4d-70.9495053?hl=en Topsfield Massachusetts] in 1711, which had become the homestead of his grandfather and the birthplace and home place of his father Jacob Robinson, as well as his aunts and uncles. The 1668 birth of his eldest uncle, Samuel Robinson, places the Robinson family in Topsfield at a early date in the European era of American history. By 1733 Amos, now age 22, had established his residence in [https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Lunenburg,+Massachusetts+01462/Topsfield,+MA/@42.5609384,-71.6157275,10z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m13!4m12!1m5!1m1!1s0x89e3e84dfa31b3cd:0xf05dac61706e1170!2m2!1d-71.7245035!2d42.5945273!1m5!1m1!1s0x89e40bee412d0c99:0xa431d5f306d316bc!2m2!1d-70.9495053!2d42.6375941?hl=en Lunenburg Massachusetts], roughly 50 miles to the west of his birthplace--a three to five day journey on foot--here the town records hold the memory of his marriages and the births of his first four children and log his presence up to at least 1744, when he was thirty three years of age. The next place of residence for the growing Amos Robinson family was at [https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Lunenburg,+Massachusetts+01462/Groton,+Massachusetts/@42.6030908,-71.6845809,13z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m13!4m12!1m5!1m1!1s0x89e3e84dfa31b3cd:0xf05dac61706e1170!2m2!1d-71.7245035!2d42.5945273!1m5!1m1!1s0x89e3c0770045f839:0xc6f7d648fff22c4c!2m2!1d-71.5745152!2d42.6112018?hl=en Groton, Massachusetts,] eight and a half miles east of Lunenburg, where the birth of his daughter, Priscilla and son David are recorded in 1746 and 1747 respectively. Sometime between 1747 and 1751, Amos, now 40, and Lydia Robinson once again pull up stakes and leave the state of Massachusetts and head down I-395 ''{tee-hee}'' on the 100 mile journey to [https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Lunenburg,+Massachusetts+01462/Groton,+Massachusetts/@42.6030908,-71.6845809,13z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m13!4m12!1m5!1m1!1s0x89e3e84dfa31b3cd:0xf05dac61706e1170!2m2!1d-71.7245035!2d42.5945273!1m5!1m1!1s0x89e3c0770045f839:0xc6f7d648fff22c4c!2m2!1d-71.5745152!2d42.6112018?hl=en Norwich, Connecticut] the birthplace of his wife Lydia Wentworth, where the birth of their son Reuben is recorded in 1751. This too is a whistle-stop as Amos and family are next found in [https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Norwich,+Connecticut/Cromwell,+Connecticut/@41.5231525,-72.6599755,10z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m13!4m12!1m5!1m1!1s0x89e67142cb928715:0xad54fb696edfe305!2m2!1d-72.0759105!2d41.5242649!1m5!1m1!1s0x89e64b7718148d69:0xe6b60a9b20fdfa7!2m2!1d-72.6453705!2d41.5950989?hl=en Cromwell, Connecticut] in 1753, and it is here that Amos appears to put down roots as there are Cromwell records for his family through 1767, and no further records have been found for Amos (as of Aug 2020) suggesting that Cromwell, Connecticut was his final residence. However, it should be noted that there is a Lydia Robinson enumerated as the head of house in the 1790 Middletown, Connecticut census, and that she is enumerated in very close proximity to Lewis Samuel Sage on this census; two conditions that affirm this Lydia to be the widow of Amos Robinson Sr. (she was, after all 13 years younger than him) and this then affirms that Cromwell/Middletown, Connecticut was the final residence of Amos Robinson Sr. By the end of the Revolution in 1783, Amos Robinson Sr. would have been 72 (if he was still living), his eldest child, Amos Robinson Jr., was 49, and his youngest child, Asa, was 21 (if he was still living); five of his thirteen children are known to have died (Daniel (1st), John, Priscilla (1st), Reuben, and Hezekiah) prior to this date, and no verifiable post-revolution records have been found for Aaron, Elizabeth, nor Asa. Hence the only children of Amos Robinson Sr. with documentation to affirm they survived the the war were Amos Jr., Eliezer, Daniel (2nd), David and Priscilla (2nd), along with her husband Jacob Colburn. Solid evidence is available to demonstrate that these four sons and son-in-law, Jacob Colburn, all served in the revolution, and that war experience forever changed their outlook on life; for they had gained a sense of the vastness of the continent during their travels to the various battle sites, they had learned to trust strangers with their lives in combat, and they had developed a sense of independence and self-sufficiency, hence perhaps less bound to the family homestead than in previous generations. When the government offered bounty land to soldiers, and opened the frontier to settlement, there was a mass migration from the original, largely coastal colonial settlements to the interior and to the west, and the Robinson family, like many others, was caught up in this movement to seize the opportunity to acquire a piece of affordable land on the frontier. When Amos Robinson Sr. brought his family to Cromwell, Connecticut in 1753, his eldest son Amos Jr. would have been nineteen at the time, and it seems reasonable (but unproven) that his family would have arrived fully intact at Cromwell. However, the Lebanon, Connecticut records establish, with certainty, that his eldest sons, Amos Jr. and Eliezer departed shortly thereafter for Lebanon, Conn. as a 1758 marriage record may be found for Amos Jr. and a 1763 marriage record for Eliezer at Lebanon. Amos Robinson Jr. subsequently starts his family in Lebanon, where there are birth records for his children from 1759 through 1767. On July 4, 1761, after the end of the French and Indian War, [[Wentworth-149|Gov. Benning Wentworth]] made a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benning_Wentworth grant of land] in the New Hampshire territories, and the township of Hartford Vermont, became available for settlement; the surveyors of this land were residents of Lebanon, Connecticut and had first hand knowledge of the comparative value of this particular Vermont township and word quickly spread among the inhabitants of Windsor and Lebanon Connecticut. Soon all of the lots of Hartford, Vermont had been snapped up by the citizens of these towns, which lead to a subsequent migration from [https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Lebanon,+New+Hampshire/Lebanon,+CT+06249/@42.6338713,-73.3973743,8z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m14!4m13!1m5!1m1!1s0x4cb4b459398bf235:0x6c928e0a21c8c6de!2m2!1d-72.2517569!2d43.6422934!1m5!1m1!1s0x89e68823c48bc2d5:0x7f47cd5499f9608b!2m2!1d-72.2125549!2d41.6362647!3e2?hl=en Lebanon and Windham, Connecticut] to Hartford, Vermont as early as 1764. Amos and Eliezer Robinson, too, were caught up in this excitement and they packed up their families and made the 157 mile journey up the Connecticut River to the virgin Vermont land at [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Hartford,+VT/@43.6462355,-72.3973708,11.75z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x4cb4cb9cb59f0d8f:0x83fb661a7d5a563f!8m2!3d43.6637411!4d-72.3696992?hl=en Hartford, Vermont and it's twin city Lebanon, New Hampshire], (just across the Connecticut River) sometime prior to 1769 when Eliezer was appointed to a post to ensure an equitable settlement for land used for highways at Hartford, Vermont. An interesting question arises in the context of this narrative and that is whether Lydia (Wentworth) Robinson, was related to Benning Wentworth, the Governor of New Hampshire; and the answer from the Wikitree Relationship Finder is a resounding yes, they share the same great grandfather [[Wentworth-145|William Wentworth]]. It is probably impossible to prove this, but the timing of the events suggests Amos Robinson Jr. may have disposed of his property in Lebanon, Connecticut around the time of the birth of his daughter Cynthia in 1767, then went to Cromwell for one last big family reunion celebration, and the baptism of his infant daughter; all the while knowing that he was moving to Hartford, Vermont and unlikely to see his family soon, or perhaps never again. The history text, [https://archive.org/details/historyofhartfor00tuck/page/48/mode/2up?q=Amos ''History of Hartford'', from page 49 and on] documents numerous instances of the civic participation of Amos and his brother Eleazer Robinson. On [https://archive.org/details/historyofhartfor00tuck/page/140/mode/2up?q=Robinson page 140 of the text] there is an item with an 18 Sept 1769 assignment for Eleazer Robinson to settle land damages from road construction and this entry establishes a 1769 presence of the Robinson brothers in Hartford, Vermont. Later in 1773, Amos Robinson was selected to be a surveyor for new lots for the town, and after this date, the name of Amos Robinson routinely appears in the town records and Amos rises to a position of social and civic prominence, eventually serving the community in the state Legislative body. Hence, both Amos Jr. and Eliezer were well-established citizens of Vermont/New Hampshire at the outbreak of the Revolution. It should also be noted that on [https://archive.org/details/historyofhartfor00tuck/page/256/mode/2up?q=Jacob+Colburn page 257 of the ''History of Hartford''], there is an 1806 membership roster of the local Baptist church and this membership roll includes Amos Robinson Jr., his son Daniel, and one Jacob Colburn, almost certainly Amos Robinson's brother-in-law--the husband of his younger sister Priscilla; thus providing evidence that Jacob and Priscilla survived the war and that they followed her older half-brothers to Vermont. An interesting sidebar to this story is that Amos and Eliezer Robinson and their families were living in Vermont at a particularly volatile point in the history of the state. [https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/new-connecticut-vermont-declares-independence Vermont] was NOT one of the thirteen colonies who had banded together to break away from the British, it was in fact, under the control of New York, much to the chagrin of many of the local people, so on 15 January 1777 Vermonters took matters into their own hands and declared independence from New York and the Crown ostensibly to avoid entanglement in the ongoing war. This streak of independence did not sit well with the Continental Congress and they refused to admit Vermont as a separate state, rather viewing them as part of New York well after the war ended. Consequently Vermont was actually an independent nation-state throughout the Revolutionary war and even considered an offer to reunite with Britain as part of Canada. This [https://ancestralfindings.com/vermont/ independent nation] status continued until 1791 when Vermont's anti-slavery position was needed to retain a balance of power between the pro and anti slavery forces in the federal government, and consequently was granted statehood as part of the deal to admit Kentucky. A second branch of the family was established in the Plattsburgh/Chazy area of Clinton County, New York, by Amos Robinson's son Daniel Robinson, probably in the mid-1790's. Daniel's first two children were born in Cromwell Connecticut, but the third, Lewis Samuel Sage Robinson was born 1791 somewhere in Massachusetts, and the next known child, Thankful, was born in Clinton County, NY in 1798, thus supporting a mid-1790's migration date. Daniel's Revolutionary war service qualified him for bounty land, which he was indeed granted, but it appears he assigned his warrant to a broker, so the move to Clinton, County appears to have been a choice based on personal preference. Once relocated to Clinton County, New York, Daniel makes this area his home and remains in this area for the remainder of his life. As of Sept 2020, no related families have been found living near Daniel, so it appears (at least on the surface) that Daniel made this move on his own. Finally, a third branch of the Amos Robinson family remained (at least for a time) in the Middletown/Hartford area of Connecticut, at least for another generation. There are records placing son David Robinson in the Hartford, Conn area prior to his death in 1826 and Mary (Strickland) Robinson, widow of son John, and her children are found in records in and around Farmington, Connecticut after John Robinson's 1779 death. ===The Revolution=== Whether or not Amos Robinson Sr. lived through the Revolution is unknown, but regardless of whether he was alive or not, the Revolution had a profound impact on his family. Various records have been collected which establish, with certainty, that his sons John, David, and Daniel served in the Revolution, and there are other Revolutionary payroll records to be found for an Amos, Eliezer, Aaron, and Asa Robinson, who may be the sons of Amos Robinson Sr. or perhaps descended from an entirely different branch of the Robinson family, further research and analysis is required to accurately establish the lineage of these Robinson soldiers. Nevertheless, the Revolutionary war records for sons John, David, and Daniel Robinson, are well documented and connected to Amos Robinson Sr., and the story of their service may be told as follows: #) John Robinson, the eldest son of Amos Robinson and his second wife Lydia Wentworth, paid the ultimate price in the service of the United States in the War of the Revolution, as the Cromwell, Connecticut Church records state that John Robinson died 18 July 1779 at Norwalk, which coincides with the timing of [https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Norwalk the Battle of Norwalk.] However, that may not be the complete story and may represent a date that John went missing in action as his name appears on the [http://www.usmm.org/revdead.html list of patriot soldiers held as POWs on the HMS Jersey] as compiled by "The Society Of Old Brooklynites" in 1888, which identifies three POWs named John Robinson and there is a good possibility that this John Robinson is one of those three. The SAR and [https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2204/images/32596_242102-00368 DAR] records citing brother David Robinson's Revolutionary War service, state that the family tradition of his descendants held that David was captured and held as a prisoner of war by the British in the Prison ship HMS Jersey, and that his name was on the "The Society Of Old Brooklynites" list of prisoners of war held on the Jersey. However David Robinson's name is '''NOT''' on that POW list, but John's name is there; hence it seems highly probable that John Robinson was the family member who was a POW, captured at Norwalk and hauled off to the Prison ship [https://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/the-hms-jersey prison ship HMS Jersey] where he was held under barbarous conditions until he succumbed to the cruel conditions. The subsequent retelling of the story appears to have morphed the facts from the POW being the brother of David to becoming David instead. In either case, John Robinson lost his life in the service of the United States, as a result of his participation in the defense of Norwalk, Conn. from the British invasion, and as a result he left fatherless, a family of five minor children, with a sixth on the way; son Amos Robinson was born in November some five months after his father John was killed/captured at Norwalk. The price of freedom for this family was enormous. John Robinson served under Capt. Edward Eells in the service of the 3rd Battalion under the command of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Wyllys Col. Samuel Wyllys.] John Robinson fought in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Boston Siege of Boston], the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Long_Island Battle of Long Island], and was killed or captured at the Battle of Norwalk. #) David Robinson, son of Amos Robinson Sr. and Lydia Wentworth, was born in 1747 and was 29 years of age at the time of the Declaration of Independence. David enlisted in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8th_Connecticut_Regiment 8th Regiment of the Connecticut Line] under the command of Col. John Chandler; and in the Company of Nathan Stoddard on 22 May 1777 for a term of eight months. The 8th Regiment saw action at the Battle of Germantown, the Siege of Fort Mifflin, and the Battle of Monmouth. The [Record of service of Connecticut men in the I. War of the Revolution page 236] notes that David "Roberson" was in the company of [[Stoddard-513|Nathan Stoddard]] (who was killed by a cannonball hit to the head at Fort Mifflin), enlisted on 22 May 1777 and the Company payroll record of April 1778 notes that "David Roberson" died on 1 March 1778. From here the story gets a little fuzzy, as reported on the Company payroll, of now Capt. Samuel Sanford, who reported on his April 1778 payroll, that March ye first David Roberson and two other privates were Dead, with a fourth private dead on March 22. Hence it is seems probable that the unit had been engaged in some type of combat action and that the Capt. had presumed these four to have died. However, there is a 1790 and a 1810 census record in Connecticut which very much appear to be for this David Robinson; and there is an 8 March 1778 baptism record for a David Robinson, the son of David Robinson at Upper Houses, Connecticut. In addition there are a number of SAR and DAR records in which subsequent descendants of the family assert that David Robinson had been captured by the British and was a POW on board the notorious prison ship HMS Jersey because the name David Robinson was on the list of 8000 prisoners held captive on the Jersey as compiled by the "Society of old Brooklyunites". Only David's name is not on this list of Jersey POWs though the name of his brother John Robinson does appear on this list. So what happened? The answer is clearly in the realm of conjecture, but there are only a limited number of possibilities, the 1 March 1778 date does not correspond to any known major military action in the war, but was clearly in the lead up to the Battle of Monmouth, NJ in June of 1778, and the Capt clearly thought David and two others in his Company had died on that date; thus they could have actually been killed in action or by an accident; or they could have been wounded and left behind, presumed dead, and captured by the British; and there is also the possibility of being wounded, but escaping. Finally, there is a much less noble possibility that he deserted to be with his family when his son was born and deliberately disappeared for a period of time. The tradition carried by the family that David had been a POW held on the HMS Jersey, seems likely to be a conflation of the Revolutionary War story of his brother John; however there is usually a grain of truth in these family stories, so it certainly cannot be completely dismissed. Based on the information at hand, it seems most likely that David was wounded bad enough that he was unable escape on his own and his company was of the opinion he was dead or dying. It may well be that he was then captured and held prisoner, but not on the Jersey, then recovered and was later reunited with his family. Whatever the case, the April 1778 payroll record is that last military record for David and there is no record of a pension for David, which might have been expected for a serious wound, given that [https://sites.rootsweb.com/~fayfamily/pensions.html pensions were available for the disabled as early as 1776]. #) Daniel Robinson, the ninth son, and eleventh child or Amos Robinson Sr. was a soldier in the Revolutionary War, but he was no ordinary soldier; he was in the elite Company of an Elite Regiment created by George Washington and an act of the Continental Congress, and had the award been available at the time, he would have received the purple heart for his service. Daniel provides the narrative of his war service in a good bit of detail in his application for a service pension in October of 1820. His pension application affirms Daniel served in the Connecticut Continental line as a trumpeter enlisting at Colchester, Connecticut on the 19th day of May 1775, on his eighteenth birthday, in the Company of Capt. Holdridge, in the Infantry of Col. Wyllys of the Conneticut line. He served this unit for eight months, and when his term of enlistment expired, he then enlisted at [https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/03-23-02-0046 Peekskill] and served, for the duration of the War until his discharge on the 12th of June 1783, in the [http://www.dragoons.info/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/2LD_Dragoon_Power_Point.pdf Company of Light Dragoons of Capt. Benjamin Talmadge], under the command of the Regiment of [[Sheldon-1174|Col. Elisha Sheldon]]. Daniel Robinson was discharged at Danbury, Connecticut. Daniel was in the Battles of [https://www.varsitytutors.com/earlyamerica/early-america-review/volume-17/massachusetts-revolutionary-war Roxbury], [https://www.myrevolutionarywar.com/battles/811201-dorchester/ Dorchester], [https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/brandywine Brandywine], [https://revolutionarywar.us/year-1776/battle-long-island/ Flatbush], [https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/germantown Germantown], and several others. He was wounded in the [https://allthingsliberty.com/2013/01/tarleton-in-new-york/ Battle of Poundridge]. ('''DON'T MISS''' the hotlink to the LIGHT DRAGOONS as the link has an incredible story to tell. ) In his application for a Revolutionary War Pension, Daniel documents that he continuously served in the War from 19th of May 1775, the day of his eighteenth birthday until his discharge on the 12th of June 1783, a period of eight years; re-enlisting twice in this period, once at Roxbury, Mass, and the second time with Sheldon's Horse at [https://patch.com/new-york/peekskill/preserving-peekskill-revolutionary-war-battle-site Peekskill, New York.] ---- ===Genealogical Records=== ==== Vital Records ==== Vital Records from Topsfield Massachusetts *Primary Source, ''Massachusetts, Town and Vital Records, 1620-1988'' ''Massachusetts, Town and Vital Records, 1620-1988,'' Ancestry.com. Massachusetts, Town and Vital Records, 1620-1988 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011. Town and City Clerks of Massachusetts. Massachusetts Vital and Town Records. Provo, UT: Holbrook Research Institute (Jay and Delene Holbrook). Scanned document '''{{Ancestry Image|2495|41254_265619-00093}}''' Data Summary; :#) [https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2495/images/41254_265619-00093 ''Topsfield, Mass VR;'' Page 93:] Children of John and Dorithy Robinson: :#) John Robinson, son of John, born 16 Jan 1673. :#) Jacob Robinson, son of John, born 2 June 1680 :##) Jacob Robinson, son of Jacob and Elisabeth, born 4 Feb 1709 :###) Dorothy Robinson, dau of Jacob and Mary, 10 March 1742-3 :###) Ebenezer Robinson, son of Jacob and Mary, 11 Aug 1746 :###) Elisabeth Robinson, dau. of Jacob and Mary, 4 Jan 1738/9 :###) Jacob Robinson, son of Jacob and Mary, born 26 Sept 1733 :###) John Robinson, son of Jacob and Mary, born 24 July 1735 :###) Mary Robinson, dau. of Jacob and Mary, 3 July 1737 :###) Sarah Robinson, dau. of Jacob and Mary, 16 Sep 1749 :###) Zacheus Robinson, son of Jacob and Mary, born 30 Jan 1740 :##) '''Amos Robinson, son of Jacob and Elisabeth, born 5 Apr. 1711 :##) John Robinson, son of Jacob and Elisabeth, born 15 Apr. 1713 :##) Elisabeth Robinson, dau of Jacob and Elisabeth, born 2 Nov 1715 :#) Dorithy Robinson, dau of John and Dorithy, born 8 Dec 1682. :#) Daniel Robinson, son of John, born 16 Sep 1677 :#) Joseph Robinson, son of John and Dorithy, born 16 Dec 1684. :#) Samuel Robinson, son of John, born 22 Nov 1668 :#) Thomas Robinson, son John, born 18 March 1671 Vital Records from Lunenburg, Massachusetts: *Primary Source, ''Massachusetts, Town and Vital Records, 1620-1988'' ''Massachusetts, Town and Vital Records, 1620-1988,'' [https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2495/images/40369_268514__0001-00000?pId=10751098 ''Records 1720-1763, Minutes Reports, Town of Lunenburg;''] Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011. Town and City Clerks of Massachusetts. Massachusetts Vital and Town Records. Provo, UT: Holbrook Research Institute (Jay and Delene Holbrook). Scanned document '''{{Ancestry Image|2495|40369_268514__0004-00120}};''' same data repeated in this document '''{{Ancestry Image|2495|40143_268513__0004-00113}}'''. Birth record of the four sons of Amos born in Lunenburg, Mass. Data Summary; :#) Ancestry.com '''{{Ancestry Image|2495|40369_268514__0004-00120}};''' [https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2495/images/40369_268514__0004-00120 ''Lunenburg, Mass VR;'' Page 121 of 474:] Children of Amos Robinson born at Lunenburg, Mass.: :##) Amos Robinson, '''Ye son of Amos Robinson and of Priscilla his wife''' Born -- July ye 26th 1734. :##) Eliezer Robinson, '''Ye son of Amos Robinson and of Priscilla his wife''' Born March ye 1735/6 :##) Daniel Robinson, '''Ye son of Amos Robinson and of Priscilla his wife''', Born at Lunenburg April the 13th 1738. :##) John Robinson, '''Ye son of Amos Robinson and of Lydia his wife''', Born August ye 14th , 1744. Vital Records from Groton, Massachusetts. *Primary Source, Jay Mack Holbrook; ''Massachusetts, Town and Vital Records, 1620-1988'' Holbrook, Jay Mack; ''Massachusetts, Town and Vital Records, 1620-1988,'' [https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2495/images/40143_266085__0001-00000 ''Massachusetts Vital Records, Groton 1640-1900;''] Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011. Town and City Clerks of Massachusetts. Massachusetts Vital and Town Records. Provo, UT: Holbrook Research Institute (Jay and Delene Holbrook). Scanned document '''{{Ancestry Image|2495|40143_266085__0001-00036}};''' from {{Ancestry Record|2495|6880356 }}. Data Summary; :#) Ancestry.com '''{{Ancestry Image|2495|40143_266085__0001-00036}};''' [https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2495/images/40143_266085__0001-00036 ''Groton, Mass VR;'' Page 37 of 990:] Prisilla Robinson, '''daughter of Amos Robinson and Lidia his wife''' was born February the 24, 1746, and Dyed March the 16, 1746. :#) David Robinson, '''the son of Amos Robinson and Lidia,''' his wife was born at Groton ''{Mass.}'' March ye 9, 1747. Vital Records from Norwich, Connecticut: *Primary Source, ''Connecticut Births and Christenings, 1649-1906Births and Christenings, 1649-1906'' [https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:F745-58W "Connecticut Births and Christenings, 1649-1906"], database, FamilySearch (Rev : 7 January 2020), Amos Robinson in entry for Reuben Robinson, 1751. Data Summary: :#) [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:F745-58W ''Norwich VR;''] Reuben Robinson, '''son of Amos and Lydia Robinson''', was born 18 March 1751 at Norwich Township, New London, Connecticut. Vital records from Lebanon, Connecticut for Amos Robinson Jr.: *Primary Source, ''[[Space:The Barbour Collection|The Barbour Collection]] of Connecticut Town Vital Records 1646-1854, Lebanon, Conn., Vol 22'' ''[[Space:The Barbour Collection|The Barbour Collection]] of Connecticut Town Vital Records, Lebanon 1700-1854 Vol 22'', Text available: :#) Print: ''The Barbour Collection of Connecticut Town Vital Records, Lebanon 1700-1854 Vol 22,'' Compiled by Nancy E. Schott, General Editor Lorriaine Cook White, Genealogical Publishing Company, Baltimore, MD, 2000. (In print, available at Amazon.com) :#) [https://www.accessgenealogy.com/connecticut/barbour-collection-connecticut-vital-records.htm Index to online availability of all 55 Volumes of the Barbour Collection:] Available at: :##) Online at Ancestry. com (fee reqd): Connecticut Town Birth Records, pre-1870 (Barbour Collection) [https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&dbid=1062&h=302020 Ancestry.com online database.] White, Lorraine Cook, ed. The Barbour Collection of Connecticut Town Vital Records. Vol. 1-55. Baltimore, MD, USA: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1994-2002. {{Ancestry Record|1062|302020 }}; [https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/1034/images/VBMDUSACT1634_0022-0187 Page 176-177;] Robinson Data extract from Barbour Vital Records for Lebanon, Conn for Robinson: :#) [https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/1034/images/VBMDUSACT1634_0022-0186 ''Lebanon, Conn. VR:'' Page 176:] Amos Robinson married Deborah Hide on 11 May 1758 by Rev. Williams. ''{This Amos Robinson was the '''son of Amos Robinson Sr.''' The proof is in the [https://archive.org/details/historyofhartfor00tuck/page/190/mode/2up?q=Robinson ''History of Hartford, Vermont''; page 190,] which documents the move of Amos Robinson of Lebanon, CT to Hartford, VT and provides cemetery data for this Amos and his wife Deborah--death dates and age at death for Amos and Deborah; as he was born in 1734, his identity is clearly Amos Robinson Jr.}'' :##) Amos Robinson ''{Jr.},'' son of Amos and Deborah, was born 25 Sep 1767. :##) Artemus Robinson, son of Amos and Deborah, was born 6 Jan 1761. :##) Betsey Robinson, daughter of Amos and Deborah, was born 29 July 1762. :##) Deborah Robinson, daughter of Amos and Deborah, was born 30 May 1765. :##) Pamelia Robinson, daughter of Amos and Deborah, was born 29 May 1759. ====Church Records==== Records from the First Congregational Church of Norwich, Connecticut: *Primary Source, ''Connecticut, Church Record Abstracts, 1630-1920;'' ''Connecticut, Church Record Abstracts, 1630-1920;'' [https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/3032/images/41107_620303988_0376-00001 ''Connecticut Church Records, Norwich First Congregational Church, 1699 - 1917] ; Connecticut. Church Records Index. Connecticut State Library, Hartford, Connecticut, 1947. Data Summary from [https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/3032/images/41107_620303988_0376-00001 ''Connecticut Church Records, Norwich First Congregational Church, 1699 - 1917]: :#) '''{{Ancestry Image|3032|41107_620303988_0376-00307}};''' [https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/3032/images/41107_620303988_0376-00307 ''Connecticut, Church Record Abstracts, 1630-1920;'' page 304:] Reuben Robinson, '''son of Amos''', bp. 22 Oct 1752 at the First Congregational Church of Norwich, Conn. ''{Editorial (RRB): this is the same Reuben Robinson born in Norwich on 18 March 1751.}'' The following Cromwell Connecticut Church Record is the central connecting document essential to weld together the large family of Amos Robinson Sr. It should be noted that the record does not offer that single declaration that binds Amos Robinson Sr. son of Jacob Robinson, and his family together as one would hope for. Rather a strong circumstantial case can be made that this Amos Robinson, found in the following Cromwell Connecticut church records from about 1753 to 1767 was indeed the same Amos Robinson, son of Jacob that was born in Lunenburg, Mass. It should also be noted that it is probable that Amos Robinson lived the remainder of his life in Cromwell, but no records have been found to affirm nor refute this assertion. The basis of this linking, circumstantial evidence is that four of Amos Robinson's sons, born in three disparate locations, all appear together with Amos Robinson Sr and Lydia in a later-in-life context here in Cromwell, Connecticut. When aggregated and analyzed as a complete data set, this record provides a powerful circumstantial case that the Amos Robinson identified in the Cromwell Church records is the same Amos Robinson born in 1711 at Topsfield, Mass: #) This Cromwell, Connecticut record documents the 4 June 1765 death of Reuben Robinson, and specifically identifies him as the son of Amos and Lydia. The Norwich, Conn vital record establishes that Reuben Robinson, son of Amos and Lydia, was born in Norwich in 18 March 1751. Thus, this Cromwell record connects Amos, Lydia, and Reuben (born in Norwich), and places all three of them in Cromwell, Conn. in 1767. The Hyde genealogy also states that Amos and Lydia had a son Reuben, but conflates the identity of Amos Jr. with Amos Sr. and incorrectly asserts Reuben's father to be Amos Robinson Jr., rather than Amos Sr. The secondary consequence of this false parentage assertion is that Amos Jr would have had to married a Lydia (unknown) as his first wife by the age of 15; a possible, but a bit absurd idea. #) Second, this Cromwell record documents the 10 March 1763 marriage of John Robinson, and subsequent birth of his children at Cromwell in this same record with Amos and Lydia in the same time period. The Lunenburg, Massachusetts records document John Robinson as the first son of Amos Robinson Sr. and Lydia Wentworth born "August ye 14th , 1744" in Lunenburg. Therefore, if these two John Robinson identities are the same person, and circumstances certainly seem to affirm that they are, then John Robinson was nineteen years of age at the time of his marriage at Cromwell; a bit young but certainly viable. #) Third, this Cromwell record documents the April 1769 marriage of David Robinson, and subsequent birth of his children at Cromwell in this same record with Amos and Lydia in the same time period. The Groton, Massachusetts vital records document David Robinson as the son of Amos Robinson Sr. and Lydia Wentworth born "March ye 9, 1747" in Groton. Therefore, if these two David Robinson identities are the same person, and circumstances certainly seem to affirm that they are, then David Robinson was almost twenty two years of age at the time of his marriage at Cromwell, and a nearly perfect data fit. #) Fourth, Amos Robinson Jr., despite living in Lebanon, Connecticut, appears the the Cromwell, Conn. church record to have his infant child baptized. The birth of Amos Robinson's daughter Cynthia is record in the Lebanon, Conn. vital records on , but then this Cromwell, Conn. record notes that Sintha Robinson, son of Amos Robinson, Jr. was baptized in Cromwell on 16 Aug 1767. The male - female mixed identification casts some doubt on this assertion, nevertheless the timeframes and identities of the parents and family make a strong case that Amos Robinson Jr, brought his newborn child to Cromwell to celebrate a big family event with his extended family. The Jr. designation in the church record is certainly a flag inserted by the church recorder that this Amos Robinson was a different Amos Robinson than noted in numerous other concurrent church records. #) Priscilla, Daniel, and Elizabeth, the children identified as offspring of Amos Robinson in the Cromwell Church record, are namesakes closely identified with Amos Robinson Sr. born 1711 at Topsfield, Mass. Priscilla was the name of his first wife Priscilla Lake and of Lydia's sister, if the family structure asserted in this profile is correct, then Amos Robinson Sr. and Lydia Wentworth had two daughters named in honor of his first wife Priscilla and/or Lydia's sister Priscilla (the first died as an infant--but Lydia did not have a namesake daughter). Amos had an uncle named Daniel Robinson, and presumably named two of his sons Daniel, after this favorite uncle. It is unknown what became of the first Daniel, of two, but it would seem quite certain that the first Daniel died sometime prior to the birth of the second Daniel baptized 22 May 1757 in Cromwell. Elizabeth (Cummings) Robinson was the mother of Amos Robinson Sr., and he also had a sister named Elizabeth Robinson, hence not surprisingly Amos Sr. named his other daughter Elizabeth as well. #) As a final note on the circumstantial evidence linking Amos Robinson Sr. to these records in Cromwell, it should be noted that there are vital and church records in Lebanon, Conn. for an Amos Robinson, that in the absence of other supporting documentation, could reasonably be considered to be for Amos Robinson Sr. Eliezer Robinson, son of Amos Robinson Sr., is found in the Lebanon records and two of the children, Daniel and Elizabeth bear family names completely parallel to the Daniel and Elizabeth born to Amos in Cromwell, hence the possibility that Deborah Hyde was the third wife of Amos Robinson Sr. seems a viable possibility. However, the ''History of Hartford, Vermont,'' establishes in absolutely clear terms that the Amos Robinson, a founder of Hartford, VT, married to Deborah Hyde, a brother to Eliezer Robinson (who also moved to Hartford, VT), and a transplant from Lebanon, Conn. was born in 1736 (as identified on his Hartford, VT tombstone), hence he was almost certainly the son of Amos Robinson Sr. born in Lunenburg, Massachusett. This and other information written in the History of Hartford, establish, beyond a reasonable doubt, that the Amos Robinson and Eliezer Robinson in Lebanon were the adult sons of Amos Robinson Sr. Thus, the only Amos Robinson who remains as a proper genealogical fit to the timeframe and family associations in the Cromwell Record is Amos Robinson Sr. *Primary Source, ''Connecticut, Church Record Abstracts, 1630-1920, Vol 22 Cromwell'' ''Connecticut, Church Record Abstracts, 1630-1920, Vol 22 Cromwell'' [https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&dbid=3032&h=491550 Ancestry.com database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: 2013. Connecticut. Church Records Index. Connecticut State Library, Hartford, Connecticut. [https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/3032/images/41107_620303988_0310-00002 Cromwell First Congregational Church (1715-1875) Title Page] Data Extract: :#) [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/3032/41107_620303988_0310-00115 ''Cromwell Church Records;'' Page 111-113; Image 115 of 218:] First Congregational Church Cromwell, Connecticut; Church Records for Amos Robinson: Amos Robinson renewed baptismal covenant 1 July 1753. ''{The covenant renewal was concurrent with the baptism of his son Hezekiah.}'' :##) Asa Robinson, '''son of Amos & ____,''' was baptized 15 Aug 1762. :##) Sintha Robinson, son of Amos Robinson '''Jr.''' & ___ was bapt. 16 Aug 1767. ''{The Jr. designation suggests that the father of Sintha, was a different Amos than the father of the other children in this record. Furthermore, the high correlation between this Sintha baptized on 16 Aug 1767 at Cromwell and Cynthia, daughter of Amos Robinson Jr. and his wife Dorothy who was born 9 Aug 1767 in Lebanon, Conn., suggests Amos Jr. brought the infant Cynthia to Cromwell to be baptized as a family event. }'' :##) Daniel, '''son of Amos Robinson & ____ ''' was baptized 22 May 1757. :###) Daniel Robinson married Thankful Sage 25 Sept 1783 :####) Polly Robinson, daughter of Daniel and Thankful, was baptized 11 Sept 1785. :####) Sally Robinson, daughter of Daniel and Thankful, was baptized 10 Oct 1784. :###) Daniel & wife Thankful Robinson, ch. conf. Sept 19, 1784. :###) Daniel Robinson, & w. renewed baptismal covenant Oct 10, 1784. :##) Elizabeth Robinson, '''dau. of Amos &____''' bapt. 5 Jan 1755. :##) Hezekiah Robinson, '''son of Amos & ____''' bapt. 1 July 1753. :###) Hezekiah Robinson, '''son of Amos''', died 12 Jan 1754. :##) Priscilla Robinson, '''dau. of Amos &____''', bapt.12 Aug 1759. :###) Priscilla Robinson, married Jacob Colburn, 8 Feb 1785. :##) Reuben Robinson, son of Amos & Lydea, d. 4 June 1765. ''{Editorial Comment (RRB), the notation in the previous transcriptions implies that the mother of each of the children was named, but that the name was undecipherable by the transcriptionist, probably because the right hand side of the paper was damaged. Note, the only known Amos Robinson married to a Lydia, was Amos Robinson Sr. married to Lydia Wentworth, the Hyde Genealogy , suggests that Reuben was the son of Amos Jr and Lydia, but there is no other record to support this assertion. Furthermore, Amos Jr was only 15 when Reuben was conceived, a possible, but highly unlikely scenario. Thus, the most probable reading of this statement is that Amos Robinson Sr. and his wife Lydia were the parents of Reuben who died in 1765 at Cromwell, Conn. This also implies that Amos Robinson Sr. and his wife Lydia were residents of Cromwell in 1767 and is affirmed by the presence of a Lydia Robinson as the head of a Middletown household in 1790.}'' :##) [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/3032/41107_620303988_0310-00115 ''Cromwell Church Records;'' Page 111-113; Image 115 of 218:] John Robinson married Mary Strickland on 10 March 1763 at the First Congregational Church of Cromwell, Connecticut. ''{Editorial (RRB): This John Robinson is almost certainly the '''son of Amos Sr. and Lydia Wentworth''' born 14 Aug 1744 at Lunenburg, Mass. This 1763 marriage record then establishes that John, would have been 19 at the time of his marriage, which is a bit young; but the presence of his father (Amos Sr.), and siblings (Amos Jr. Reuben, in this church record (along with brothers Amos Jr. and Eliezer in Lebanon), is far too powerful for this to be mere coincidence. In addition, it should be noted that John names one of his sons Amos (presumably after his father) and another son, Reuben, after his deceased brother; providing further circumstantial evidence linking John as a son of Amos Sr. }'' :###) John and his wife renewed their baptismal covenant 18 Dec 1764. :###) Amos Robinson, son of John & Mary, was baptized 21 Nov 1779. :###) Child of John & Mary born and died in June 1765. :###) John Robinson, son of John and Mary, was baptized 11 Sept 1774. :###) John Robinson, son of John, bapt. 19 May 1776. :####) John Robinson, died 24 Sept 1811, "lost at Sea." :###) Martha Robinson, dau of John & Mary, bp. 30 March 1766. :####) Martha Robinson, m. Joel Brussel 20 Aug 1782. :###) R(e)uben Robinson, son of John and Mary, bp. 1 Oct 1769. :###) Sarah Robinson, dau of John and Mary, bp. 16 Aug 1772. :###) Sibbel Robinson, dau of John and Mary, bp. 18 Dec 1763. :###) William Robinson, son of John and Mary, bp. 20 Dec 1767. :###) John Robinson, died 18 July 1779; [https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Norwalk killed at Norwalk.] :##) [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/3032/41107_620303988_0310-00115 ''Cromwell Church Records;'' Page 111-113; Image 115 of 218:] David Robinson married Mary Sage April 1769 at the Congregational Church of Cromwell, Connecticut. ''{Editorial (RRB): The presence of David alongside Amos Sr. and many sons and daughters of Amos Sr. and the timeliness of this 1769 marriage date led to the deduction that David was another heretofore unknown son of Amos Sr. An open search of the indexed internet records, based on this deduction, then led to a Groton, Mass birth record which affirmed '''David to be the son of Amos and Lydia Robinson'''.}'' :###) David Robinson & wife Mary renewed baptismal covenant 28 May 1769. :###) Mary Ann, daughter of David and Mary, was bp. 10 Sept 1769. :##) [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/3032/41107_620303988_0310-00115 ''Cromwell Church Records;'' Page 111-113; Image 115 of 218:] Aaron Robinson married Deborah Sage 3 November 1768 at the Congregational Church of Cromwell, Connecticut. ''{Editorial (RRB): the records of Aaron Robinson have been placed here as a son of Amos Robinson Sr. on the basis of the correlation of the timeliness and coexistence his marriage record in this Cromwell church record to other sons and daughters of Amos Robinson Sr. As of Aug 2020, no other record has been found to substantiate this assertion. }'' :###) Aaron Robinson & wife renewed baptismal covenant 6 Aug 1769. :###) Infant child of Aaron Robinson died 30 Nov 1783. :###) Calvin Robinson, son of Aaron & Deborah, bp. 8 March 1772. :###) Luther Robinson, son of Aaron & Deborah, bp. 8 Oct 1769 :###) Luther Robinson, son of Aaron & Deborah, died 28 Oct 1776. ====Marriage Records==== * Primary Source, "Massachusetts, Town Clerk, Vital and Town Records, 1626-2001" "Massachusetts, Town Clerk, Vital and Town Records, 1626-2001," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q29L-TPX5 : 18 February 2020), Amos Robinson and Priscilla Lake, 03 Sep 1733; citing Marriage, Lunenburg, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States, Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth, Boston; FHL microfilm 004934225. [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33SQ-GRSG-88S?i=151&cc=2061550&personaUrl=%2Fark%3A%2F61903%2F1%3A1%3AQ29L-TPX5 Scanned image of Lunenburgh, Worcester, Mass. marriage record] Data: :#) [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33SQ-GRSG-88S?i=151&cc=2061550&personaUrl=%2Fark%3A%2F61903%2F1%3A1%3AQ29L-TPX5 ''Lunenburgh, Mass. Marriage Record:''] Extracts from the records of the town of Topsfield, Massachusetts: :##) '''Amos Robinson of Lunenburgh, and Priscilla Lake of Topsfield, were married on ye 3rd of Sept 1733. :##) Amos Robinson of Lunenburgh, and Lydia Wentworth of Topsfield, were married on ye 24th of November 1743. * Primary Source, "Massachusetts Marriages, 1695-1910" "Massachusetts Marriages, 1695-1910", database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:FHTT-4HQ : 24 January 2020), Amos Robinson, 1743. [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-8979-QPBR?i=379&cc=2061550 Scanned image of original marriage record] Data: :#) [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-8979-QPBR?i=379&cc=2061550 ''Topsfield, Mass. Marriage Record:''] '''Amos Robinson of Lunenburgh, and Lydia Wentworth of Topsfield, were married on ye 24th of November 1743. ====Census Records==== *Primary Source, ''United States Census, 1790'', [https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XHKK-3RH "United States Census, 1790,"] database with images, FamilySearch (Rev: accessed 31 August 2020), Lydia Robinson, Middleton, Middlesex, Connecticut, United States; citing p. 425, NARA microfilm publication M637, (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.), roll 1; FHL microfilm 568,141. [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33S7-9YYY-LG4?i=4&cc=1803959&personaUrl=%2Fark%3A%2F61903%2F1%3A1%3AXHKK-3RH Lydia Robinson in the 1790 US census ] : Data summary: In the [https://www.archives.gov/files/research/genealogy/charts-forms/1790-census.pdf 1790 census], Lydia Robinson, was the head of a Middleton, Middlesex, Connecticut household. Members of the household include: :#) [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33S7-9YYY-LG4?i=4&cc=1803959&personaUrl=%2Fark%3A%2F61903%2F1%3A1%3AXHKK-3RH ''1790 Middleton, Middlesex, Connecticut Census,'' Image 5 of 7:] Lydia Robinson. ''{Name is about half way down on the fourth column.}'' :#) Nearby enumerations: :##) Lewis Samuel Sage. ''{Father of three of Lydia Robinson's daughter-in-laws is enumerated four lines from Lydia--they were next door neighbors. :#) [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33SQ-GYYY-G11?cc=1803959 Enumeration date:] This 1790 Middletown, Connecticut Census was enumerated on 7 February 1791. ''{As Lydia Robinson is enumerated as the head of house, it is exceedingly likely that her husband Amos Robinson Sr. had passed away prior to this date.}'' ==== Published Genealogical Information ==== * Secondary Source, Reuben Hyde Walworth, LL.D.; [https://archive.org/details/hydegenealogyord01walw/page/n7/mode/2up? ''Hyde Genealogy, Vol I'',] Walworth, Reuben Hyde, [https://archive.org/details/hydegenealogyord01walw/page/n7/mode/2up?''Hyde genealogy, or, The descendants, in the female as well as in the male lines, from William Hyde, of Norwich, Vol I'',] Albany, J. Munsell, 78 State St., 1864. Alternate source: [https://books.google.com/books?id=rIKhN5aMelcC&pg=PA80&lpg=PA80&dq=genealogy+amos++robinson+born+1734&source=bl&ots=HFs0IMOIhW&sig=ACfU3U0ESNbkYCJ7T74i7NX8WJHqIEUfxA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiO1YLitbzpAhWGKs0KHVrtBLoQ6AEwCXoECAcQAQ#v=onepage&q=genealogy%20amos%20%20robinson%20born%201734&f=false ''Hyde Genealogy'' at Google Books.] Data Extract: :#) [https://archive.org/details/hydegenealogyord01walw/page/80/mode/2up?q=Robinson ''Hyde Genealogy;'' page 80:] Deborah Hyde (163), born at Lebanon, Conn., on 16 Oct 1734, was the eldest daughter of Ebenezer Hyde (27) by his first wife, Dorothy Throop of Lebanon, was a grand daughter of Samuel Hyde (4) of the third generation. '''She married 11 May 1758, Amos Robinson, of Lebanon.''' They settled at Lebanon and had the following children recorded to them there. I have no further account of them. '''Children of Amos Robinson and Deborah Hyde:''' :##) Pamela Robinson (810); b. 29 March 1759 at Lebanon. :##) Artemas Robinson (808); b. 6 Jan 1761 at Lebanon. :##) Elizabeth Robinson (811); b. 29 July 1762 at Lebanon. :##) Amos Robinson ''{III}''' (809); b. 30 May 1765 at Lebanon. :##) Deborah Robinson (812); b. 30 May 1765 at Lebanon (twin to Amos), d. 11 June 1769. :##) Cynthia Robinson (813); b. 9 Aug 1767 at Lebanon, d. 11 June 1769. :#) '''Amos Robinson had previously married at Norwich a wife whose christian name was Lydia, and had by her one child, Reuben, b. 18 March 1751 at Norwich. == Research Notes == #) The following definitions and syntax conventions apply to the preceding text of this profile: ##) A Primary Source contains data that was recorded by the person in the profile; or by someone known to or with first hand knowledge of that person, during the person's lifetime, death or within two generations thereafter. ##) A Secondary Source is a genealogical reference created as the result of a extensive study of available source material and it provides some evidence of the source documentation used to generate the text data. ##) A Tertiary Source is a genealogical data source which is a collection of genealogical information that does not cite Primary or Secondary information sources, and the data may be factual or hearsay. ##) Braces ''{Editorial Note Example}'' are used to insert editorial comments; that is to say, information or clarification that is not contained in the original, cited source material. ---- ==Sources== ===Other Sources=== * "Massachusetts Births and Christenings, 1639-1915", database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VQD8-VH5 : 15 January 2020), Amos Robinson, 1734. * Alternate source image for Lunenburg birth records; Ancestry.com {{Ancestry Image |2495|40143_268513__0004-00113}} from {{Ancestry Record|2495|6467826}}; :#) [https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2495/images/40143_268513__0004-00113 ''Massachusetts, Town and Vital Records, 1620-1988;'' page 217;] Births at Lunenburgh, Massachusetts: :##) Amos Robinson ye son of Amos Robinson and of Priscilla his wife, born July ye 26th 1734 :##) Eliezer Robinson, ye son of Amos Robinson and of Priscilla his wife, born March ye 17th 1735/6. :##) (page 218) Daniel Robinson, ye son of Amos Robinson and of Priscilla his wife, born at Lunenburg April the 13th 1738. :##) John Robinson the son of Amos Robinson & Lydia his wife, born August ye 14th 1744. :#) [https://archive.org/details/historyofhartfor00tuck/page/190/mode/2up?q=Robinson page 190:] Cemetery at White River Junction: Mrs. Daborough Robinson died in 1780 at the age of 44; Amos Robinson died in 1812 at the age of 78. From this it may be concluded that Amos Robinson, the husband of Deborah Hyde from Lebanon, Connecticut was born in 1734, hence could not have been Amos Robinson Sr. who was born in 1711. Therefore the assertion in the Hyde Genealogy stating that Amos first married Lydia first means that 1) Amos Robinson Jr. could have indeed married a Lydia with an unknown surname as his first wife, or 2) this is mis-information and is a data conflation with his father Amos Robinson Sr. who was married to Lydia Wentworth. * [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33S7-9YYY-LG4?i=4&cc=1803959&personaUrl=%2Fark%3A%2F61903%2F1%3A1%3AXHKK-3G3 1790 Middletown, Middlesex, Connecticut Census:] Lydia Robinson. about halfway down on the fourth column. Enumerated about four houses away from Lewis Samuel Sage--affirms that they were next door neighbors. Census date is 7 February 1791. Lydia is still alive at this date, but Amos Robinson Sr. is not. ====Web based Genealogies==== * [https://wwwrobinsongenealogy.blogspot.com/ Robinson Genealogy of Nadine Goldfoot:] Using DNA to triangulate to Robinson Ancestor. Working to link Ancestor Abiathar Smith Robinson to line of Amos Robinson Sr.

Archive of the profile of [[Hosford-187|John Harrison Hosford (1814-1886)]] written by Randolph R. Beebe. ---- == Biography == John Hosford was a lawyer, then judge. He was also an entrepreneur, buying land in the fertile Red River Valley (Campbell, MN area) and in North Dakota (Moore twnship, Ransom County, North Dakota, sections 136-56 and ===Genealogical Records=== ====Birth Records==== *Primary Source, ''Vermont, Vital Records, 1720-1908'' . ''Vermont, Vital Records, 1720-1908;'' [https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&dbid=4661&h=147277&ssrc=pt&tid=88375100&pid=30567595332&usePUB=true Ancestry.com database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2013. Original data: State of Vermont. Vermont Vital Records through 1870. New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, Massachusetts. State of Vermont. Vermont Vital Records, 1871–1908. New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, Massachusetts. [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/4661/41268_312347-00989?pid=147277&backurl=https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv%3D1%26dbid%3D4661%26h%3D147277%26tid%3D%26pid%3D%26usePUB%3Dtrue%26_phsrc%3Ddqt659%26_phstart%3DsuccessSource&treeid=&personid=&hintid=&usePUB=true&_phsrc=dqt659&_phstart=successSource&usePUBJs=true John Harrison Hosford scanned Vermont birth document] Data Summary: :#) [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/4661/41268_312347-00989?pid=147277&backurl=https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv%3D1%26dbid%3D4661%26h%3D147277%26tid%3D%26pid%3D%26usePUB%3Dtrue%26_phsrc%3Ddqt659%26_phstart%3DsuccessSource&treeid=&personid=&hintid=&usePUB=true&_phsrc=dqt659&_phstart=successSource&usePUBJs=true ''Vermont Vital Records;''] '''John Harrison Hosford, son of John and Lydia Hosford was born 23 Mar 1814 at Thetford, Vermont, USA. ====Marriage Records==== First marriage to Margaret Myers; *Primary Source, [https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&dbid=2087&h=506041&ssrc=pt&tid=3272474&pid=6962449491&usePUB=true ''Indiana, Compiled Marriages, 1802-1850;''] [https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&dbid=2087&h=506041&ssrc=pt&tid=3272474&pid=6962449491&usePUB=true ''Indiana, Compiled Marriages, 1802-1850;''] [Ancestry.com database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 1997. Dodd, Jordan, comp.. Indiana Marriages to 1850. Electronic transcription of marriage records held by the individual counties in Indiana. {{Ancestry Record|2087|506041}}, data Extract: :#) [https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&dbid=2087&h=506041&ssrc=pt&tid=3272474&pid=6962449491&usePUB=true ''Indiana, Compiled Marriages, 1802-1850;''] '''Margaret Myers married John Hossford at Cass County, Indiana on 1 March 1838. :#) [http://genealogytrails.com/ind/cass/marriages.html ''Cass County Indiana Marriages, 1829-1845;''] (Information also available at this free at this on line database:) '''Margaret Myers married John Hossford at Cass County, Indiana on 1 March 1838. Second marriage to Carrie Thompson: *Primary Source, ''Minnesota, Marriages Index, 1849-1950'' ''Minnesota, Marriages Index, 1849-1950;'' [https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&dbid=2561&h=419944&ssrc=pt&tid=88375100&pid=30567595332&usePUB=true Ancestry.com database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011. "Minnesota Marriages, 1849–1950." Index. FamilySearch, Salt Lake City, Utah, 2009, 2010. Index entries derived from digital copies of original and compiled records FHL Film Number: 1380426. : Data Summary: :#) [https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&dbid=2561&h=419944&ssrc=pt&tid=88375100&pid=30567595332&usePUB=true ''Minnesota Marriage Records:''] '''John H Hosford married Carrie M Thomson on 8 Nov 1885 at Anoka, Anoka, Minnesota. Marriage of daughter Arabell to Thomas Cain: *Primary Source, [https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:V2PW-F7C Illinois Marriages, 1815-1935,"] "[https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:V2PW-F7C Illinois Marriages, 1815-1935,"] database, FamilySearch (Rev : 10 February 2018), Margret Myers in entry for Thomas Cain and Arabell W. Hosford, 29 Oct 1882; citing Ottawa, La Salle Co , Illinois; FHL microfilm 1,683,598. Data Extract: :#) [https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:V2PW-F7C Illinois Marriages, 1815-1935,"] Arabell W. Hosford, '''daughter of John Hosford and Margaret Myers,''' was married to Thomas Cain, son of Roger Cain and Sarah Lee at Ottawa, LaSalle, Illinois on 29 Oct 1882. ====Census Records==== *Primary Source, ''United States Census,1850'', "United States Census, 1850," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M8R9-B1W : 9 November 2014), John H Hosford, Freedom, La Salle, Illinois, United States; citing family 28, NARA microfilm publication M432 (Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.). [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-6QWK-Z9?i=3&cc=1401638 John H Hosford in 1850 census ] : Data summary: In the 1850 census, John H. Hosford, age 36 was the head of a Freedom, La Salle, Illinois household. Members of the household include: :#) [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-6QWK-Z9?i=3&cc=1401638 ''1850 Freedom, LaSalle, Illinois US Census:''] '''John H Hosford, Male, 36, Vermont, United States :#) Margarett Hosford, Female, 32, Pennsylvania, United States :##) Fear Hosford, Female, 10, Illinois, United States :##) Mary L Hosford, Female, 9, Illinois, United States :##) Arabella W Hosford, Female, 7, Illinois, United States :##) Charles B Hosford, Female, 5, Illinois, United States :##) Sarah P Hosford, Female, 3, Illinois, United States :#) Benjamin Shaulding, Male, 24, Maine, United States :#) Swain Nelson, Male, 25, Norway :#) 1850 Freedom, LaSalle, Illinois, Census enumerated 15 Nov 1850 by J. C. Champlin, Ass't Marshall. *Primary Source, ''United States Census, 1860'', "United States Census, 1860", database with images, FamilySearch ([https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MXHC-SHB 1860 US Census, updated 30 December 2015]), John H Hosford, 1860. [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33S7-9YBG-8H5?i=2&cc=1473181&personaUrl=%2Fark%3A%2F61903%2F1%3A1%3AMXHC-SHB John H. Hosford in 1860 census ] : Data summary: In the 1860 census, John H Hosford, age 46 was the head of a Freedom, LaSalle, Illinois household. Members of the household include: :#) [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33S7-9YBG-8H5?i=2&cc=1473181&personaUrl=%2Fark%3A%2F61903%2F1%3A1%3AMXHC-SHB ''1860 Freedom, LaSalle, Illinois Census:''] '''John H. Hosford, Male, 46, Vermont :#) Margaret Hosford, Female, 42, Penn :##) Mary L Hosford, Female, 19, Ill :##) Arabella W Hosford, Female, 17, Ill :##) Charles B Hosford, Male, 15, Ill :##) Sarah P Hosford, Female, 13, Ill :##) Josephine Hosford, Female, 7, Ill :#) Thos Fitzgerald, Male, 55, Ireland :#) 1860 Freedom, LaSalle, Illinois, Census enumerated 4 June 1860 by Wm. J. Earl, Ass't Marshall. * "Minnesota State Census, 1885," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MQXX-YGJ : 18 November 2014), '''John H Hosford in living in the boarding house of C M Thompson, Minneapolis, Hennepin, Minnesota; citing p. 25, volume Hennepin, State Library and Records Service, St.Paul; FHL microfilm 565,741. ====Land Records==== *[https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/1127/31617_072110-00601/4002410?backurl=https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/88375100/person/30571599426/facts/citation/940306573274/edit/record 1876 Land ownership map of Freedom Township, LaSalle County Illinois showing location of Hosford farm] ====Death Records==== * "Minnesota Deaths and Burials, 1835-1990," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:FDHC-NBW : 4 December 2014), John Hosford, 21 Nov 1886; citing Minneapolis, Hennepin, Minnesota, reference p209 #2130; FHL microfilm 1,309,403. ====Published Genealogical Information==== * Secondary Source, ''History of La Salle County, Illinois.'' Baldwin, Elmer, ''History of La Salle County, Illinois.'', Chicago, Rand McNally & Co., 77 and 79 Madison Street, 1877. Page 398. [https://archive.org/stream/historylasalleco00bald#page/398/mode/2up/search/Hosford John H. Hosford biopic] Data Extraction: :#) [https://archive.org/stream/historylasalleco00bald#page/398/mode/2up/search/Hosford ''LaSalle Co. History;'' Page 398:] '''John H. Hosford and wife Margaret Myers came to Freedom, LaSalle, Illinois in 1837. The Hosfords were originally from Thetford, Orange, Vermont, and moved to Ohio in 1833 prior to making the move to Illinois. John came firts in 1837 and then moved is family t Illinois in the spring of 1838 where they settled on section 23, but in 1875 moved to Ottawa. A list of children and their spouses is as follows: :##) Fear R. Hosford married Robert Rowe and they live on the old (Hosford) farm. :##) Mary married Hugh McClure :##) Arabella married W. G. Brown :##) Sarah P. married Frank Condon :##) Josephine C. married George Lamb :##) Charles married Sara S. Brandon *Secondary Source, Henry Hallock Hosford; [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066162496&view=1up&seq=7 ''Ye Horseforde Booke : Horsford-Hosford families in the United States of America'',] Hosford, Henry Hallock, [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066162496&view=1up&seq=7 ''Ye Horseforde Booke : Horsford-Hosford families in the United States of America;''] Cleveland, Ohio: Tower Press, 1936. [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=11869 Text also online at Ancestry.com here.] Data: :#) [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066162496;view=1up;seq=80 ''Hosford Genealogy;'' Page 74:] John Hosford (258), son of Aaron (104), was born at Thetford, VT. on 16 Dec 1781; died at Thetford 24 June 1838. Married Lydia Perkins, daughter of Abraham and Fear (Thompson) Perkins of Lyme NH., on 15 March 1809 at Thetford, Vermont. Lydia was born 2 Feb 1782; she died 17 Jan 1836 at Thetford. Children of John and Lydia (Perkins) Hosford: :##) Fear Thompson Hosford; b 20 Oct 1809 at Thetford, VT.; d. 15 Feb 1890 at Ottawa, Ill.; m. Charles Barrett, son of Martin and Dorcas (Patterson) Barrett on 12 June 1833 at Thetford, Vt. They had no children. :##) Abram Perkins Hosford (1811-1886). :##) '''John Harrison Hosford (1814-1886) :##) Lydia Hosford; b. 9 Mar 1816; d. 3 Apr 1816. :##) Aaron Hosford; b. 3 Jan 1818; d. 22 June 1818. :##) Sophia Brewster Hosford; b. 24 Dec 1820; d. 1 July 1904; m. William Gartman of Ottawa, Ill. Children: Fear Jeannette, m. Alexander McLeod; Kate, m. ____Guest; William; Frank; Edward. :##) Mary Hale Hosford (1824-1914) :##) Sara Perkins Hosford; b. 12 Nov 1827; d. 20 Sept. 1885; m. (1) Allen Miner of Pontiac, MI., (2) Thomas Todd of Waterloo, IA. :#) [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066162496;view=1up;seq=105 ''Horsford-Hosford Genealogy;'' ''Hosford Genealogy;'' Page 99, 100:] '''John Harrison Hosford (474), son of John Hosford (258), was born 3 March 1814 at Thetford, Vermont, and he died 22 November 1886 at Minneapolis, Minnesota. :##) Marriage: John Harrison Hosford married Margaret Myers 1 March 1838. Margaret Myers died in September of 1880. Children by Margaret Myers: :###) Fear (723) married Robert Rowe :###) (724) Mary, who married Hugh McClure :###) (725) Arabella, married first George Brown; second George Kain :###) (726) Sarah, married Frank Condon :###) (727) Charles maried Phenie Brandon :###) (738) Josephine, married George Lamb of Ottawa. :##) Second Marriage, John Harrison Hosford married second Carrie Thompson of Minneapolis, Minnesota == Research Notes == #) The following definitions and syntax conventions apply to the preceeding text of this profile: ##) A Primary Source contains data that was recorded by the person in the profile; or by someone known to or with first hand knowledge of that person, during the person's lifetime, death or within two generations thereafter. ##) A Secondary Source is a genealogical reference created as the result of a extensive study of available source material and it provides some evidence of the source documentation used to generate the text data. ##) A Tertiary Source is a genealogical data source which is a collection of genealogical information that does not cite Primary or Secondary information sources, and the data may be factual or hearsay. ##) Braces ''{Editorial Note Example}'' are used to insert editorial comments; that is to say, information or clarification that is not contained in the original, cited source material. ---- ==Sources== ===Other Sources=== * "Vermont Vital Records, 1760-1954," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XFVV-CLN : 14 October 2017), John Harrison Hosford, 23 Mar 1814, Birth; State Capitol Building, Montpelier; FHL microfilm 27,587. *"Minnesota, County Deaths, 1850-2001," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QPH6-ZP8D : 25 October 2019), John Hosford, Minneapolis, Hennepin, Minnesota, United States; citing Death, multiple county courthouses, Minnesota. *"United States Census, 1820," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XHLG-R43 : accessed 9 December 2019), John Hosford, Thetford, Orange, Vermont, United States; citing p. 327, NARA microfilm publication M33, (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.), roll 127; FHL microfilm 281,248. *"United States Census, 1830," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XH5X-2LG : 17 August 2017), John Hosford, Thetford, Orange, Vermont, United States; citing 108, NARA microfilm publication M19, (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.), roll 185; FHL microfilm 27,451. * [https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&dbid=8058&h=788694&tid=&pid=&usePUB=true&_phsrc=TPX812&_phstart=successSource 1830 Thetford, Vermont Census:] Living in household of his father. *"Minnesota State Census, 1885," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MQXX-YGJ : 5 August 2017), John H Hosford in household of C M Thompson, Minneapolis, Hennepin, Minnesota; citing p. 25, volume Hennepin, State Library and Records Service, St.Paul; FHL microfilm 565,741. *[https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&dbid=6742&h=48135061&ssrc=pt&tid=88375100&pid=30567595332&usePUB=true ''1880 Campbell, Wilkin, Minnesota Census:''] H. John Hosfer age 67 b. Vermont. *"Minnesota, County Marriages, 1860-1949," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VKNG-5TK : 28 August 2019), John H Hosford and MM9.1.1/VKNG-5T2:, 04 Nov 1885, Hennepin, Minnesota, United States; citing p. 202, local historical societies and universities, Minnesota; FHL microfilm 1,380,396. [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:939Z-Y5SD-T4?i=1294&cc=1803974 John Hosford marriage certificate] * [https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&dbid=5059&h=1396097&ssrc=pt&tid=6415544&pid=-1293660043&usePUB=true ''Cass Indiana Marriage Records:''] John H. Hossford married Margaret Myers on 1 Mar 1838 at Cass County, Indiana. Hossford, John H. married Myers, Margaret on 01 Mar 1838 in Cass County, Indiana. * https://www.newspapers.com/image/180261158 Star Tribune (Minneapolis, Minnesota)08 Mar 1889, FriPage 5 * https://www.newspapers.com/image/178910208/? Star Tribune (Minneapolis, Minnesota) 20 Feb 1887, Sun * https://www.newspapers.com/image/181054474/? Star Tribune (Minneapolis, Minnesota) 21 Jun 1888, Thu * https://www.newspapers.com/image/81057051/ The Saint Paul Globe (Saint Paul, Minnesota) 24 Nov 1886, Wed * https://www.newspapers.com/image/81046869/ The Saint Paul Globe (Saint Paul, Minnesota) 08 Mar 1889, Fri Page 3 * https://www.newspapers.com/image/181061623/ Star Tribune (Minneapolis, Minnesota) 23 Dec 1889, Mon Page 1 Page 3 Page 5 Page 5

Genealogy of George Gardiner Sr. by Randolph Beebe: == Biography == [[Gardiner-378|George Gardiner Sr.]], was the son of [[Gardiner-37|Nicholas Gardiner (abt.1654-abt.1712)]] and [[Palmer-253|Hannah Palmer (abt.1663-)]]. The date of his birth entered in the Wikitree profile date of birth field is 8 Jul 1696, and the source of this date is the 1983/9 "Genealogies of Rhode Island Families" by Gary Boyd Rogers. Rogers does not identify his information source for this birthdate and, as of July 2021, no reliable, corroborating source has been found to support this birthdate assertion; most of the published genealogies do not report a birthdate, though some offer a guess. For example, Caroline Robinson in her genealogy, ''The Gardiners of Narragansett,'' estimates that George Gardiner, son of Nicholas, was born was born "near 1689 or considerably later." Nevertheless a simple boundary analysis can be performed to establish a reliable range of dates for his birthdate and the G.B Rogers 8 Jul 1696 birth date does fit very well within the date range set by this boundary analysis. The birth date boundary analysis starts with the 16 Jan 1719 birth date of his first child George Gardiner Jr. as recorded in the Vital Records of South Kingstown, Rhode Island; this birth date for his son George Jr. is the first known primary-evidence based date for the life of George Gardiner Sr., hence it serves as the anchor date for his own birth, and sets the very latest birthdate for George Gardiner Sr. to be about 16 years prior to 1719 or about 1703. The birth of George Gardiner Jr. also benchmarks an approximate marriage date to his first wife, Susannah (of an unknown maiden name) to have occurred about 1718 or perhaps 1719 The earliest birth date for George Gardiner may be set by noting that he was the fifth child of Nicholas and Nicholas and Hannah Gardiner, who were married in 1681, and thus must have been born no earlier than five years after his parents 1681 marriage or about 1686; Therefore, the early and late bounds for the birth date of George Gardiner Sr. are set to be between to be 1686 and 1703, but with a very high probability his birth date range can be narrowed to be between 1691 (an average of two years between his siblings births) and 1698 (he would have been 21 prior to fathering children). Thus 1696 is a highly probable date for his birth, but the exact date as previously noted and despite the G.B. Rogers citation, is presently uncorroborated (in this essay) with primary evidence. ===The Family of George Gardiner Sr.=== ====Birth Family==== ====The Marriages of George Gardiner==== James Arnold's ''Vital Records of Rhode Island. 1636-1850, Volume 5. Washington County'' provides primary-source, indirect evidence for two marriages for George Gardiner Sr. of South Kingstown, Rhode Island and direct evidence, that is to say a marriage record, for one of these two marriages. The indirect evidence is provided in the form of birth records. The first of these is for three children born between January 1719 and Aug 1725, [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819984#page/n205/mode/2up ''(Page 43)''] the offspring of George and Susannah Gardiner and second set for is a group of two children born between December 1743 and Feb 1745 [https://archive.org/details/cu31924098819984/page/n207/mode/2up ''(Page 44)''] to George and Sarah Gardiner. This Rhode Island vital record also provides a marriage record for the second of these marriages as follows: "George Gardiner and Sarah Potter were married by Isaac Sheldon, Justice, Feb 10, 1742 at South Kingstown, Kings County, Rhode Island." [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819984#page/n178/mode/2up ''(Page 15)''] As it so happens, Potter was a married surname for George's second wife, hence the cited Rhode Island vital records do not provide the maiden surname identity of either of George Gardiner's two wives and consequently, much has been written in the secondary genealogical record attempting to, with good success, to establish the maiden surname identities of these two women. ====Children of George Gardiner==== : :* [[Gardiner-1558|George Gardiner Jr.]]*, was born 16 Jan 1719, and married, April 22, 1742, Sarah Boss, a daughter of Peter and Amey (Gardiner) Boss. :* Hannah Gardiner*, was born May 27, 1723, and married. May 27, 1739, Caleb Westcott. :* Amey Gardiner, was born Aug. 15, 1725, and married, Dec. 10, 1741, Stephen Tefft. :* Mary Gardiner*, was born in 1727, and married Jeffrey Champlin, Jr., a son of Jeffrey and Mary (Northup, a daughter of Henry) Champlin. Henry Northup was a brother of Abigail (Northup) Eldred, who married, as second husband, John Watson, Jr. :* Sarah Gardiner*, was born in 1729, and married, June 8, 1761, Josiah Sheffield, of New Shoreham. He died Jan. 22, 1768. She married, second, Littlefield. :* Dorcas Gardiner*, was born in 1730, and married Edward Perry, Jr. :* Nicholas Gardiner, was born in 1734, and married Hannah Champlin, a daughter of Stephen. :* [[Gardiner-2308|Ezekiel Gardiner]]*, was born in 1734, and married Sarah. :* Abigail Gardiner*, was born in 1736, and married Robert Potter. :* Elizabeth Gardiner*, was born in 1738, and married her non-blood related step brother, Rouse Potter, son of Ichabod Potter and her step-mother, Sarah (Robinson) Potter. (*) Note. The children marked with an asterisk on this list were identified by Caroline Robinson, in her Gardiner Genealogy to have been mentioned in the Last Will and Testament of their father, George Gardiner. ===George Gardiner Life Event Timeline=== The following timeline calendar is based on the historical documentation record for George Gardiner, either from original manuscripts or from allusions to original manuscripts made in the secondary record: * 1696: George Gardiner, son of Nicholas Gardiner, was born at Kingstown, Rhode Island. * 1718/9: George Gardner married Susanna Hazard, daughter of Robert Hazard, Jr. * 1742-02-10: George Gardner married his second wife, Mrs. Sarah (Robinson) Potter, widow of Ichabod Potter. * 1753 he resided at [https://www.google.com/maps/search/Block+Island,+Rhode+Island/@41.2317049,-71.6636128,10.25z?hl=en&authuser=0 Block Island, Rhode Island.] * 1761-11-14: He was taxed at New Shoreham and was a Freeman of that town. * 1761-12-04: George Gardiner deeded land in South Kingstown, Washington County, Rhode Island. [1] * 1763-10-28: George Gardiner was licensed by the New Shoreham town council to keep a store on the Island at the East Harbor. [2] * 1783-01-19: George Gardiner wrote his last Will. * 1787-01-03: The last will of George Gardiner was proved at the probate court for South Kingstown, Washington, Rhode Island, USA. ===George Gardiner's Life Story=== ====The Revolution==== ===Detailed Genealogical Records=== ====Vital Records==== *Primary Source, James Arnold, [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819984#page/n9/mode/2up ''Vital Records of Rhode Island. 1636-1850, Volume 5. Washington County''] Arnold, James N., Editor of the Narragansett Historical Register, ''[[Space:Vital records of Rhode Island, 1636-1850|Vital Record of Rhode Island, 1636-1850,]]'' Providence, RI., Narragansett HIstorical Publishing Co., 1894. Twenty one Volume set of Early Rhode Island Vital records compiled by from James Arnold. Available at: :#) Archive.org--free: [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819984#page/n9/mode/2up ''Vital Record of Rhode Island. 1636-1850, Volume 5. Washington County--Title page Archive.org''] :#) Ancestry.com--fee required [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/3897/41384_2421406273_0008-00097? Arnold, Vital Records of Rhode Island. 1636-1850, Volume 5. Washington County, Title Page] Volume 5, Early Vital records from North Kingstown, Washington County, Rhode Island for Nicholas Gardiner; Data Extract: :#) [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819984#page/n205/mode/2up ''South Kingstown Birth Records;'' Page 43 (206/920):] '''George and Susannah Gardiner were the parents of the following children born at South Kingstown, Washington County, Rhode Island:''' :##) George Gardiner Jr., b. 16 Jan 1719 :##) Hannah Gardiner, b. 27 May 1723 :##) Amie Gardiner, b. 15 Aug 1725 :#) [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819984#page/n178/mode/2up ''South Kingstown, RI. Vital Records;'' Page 15:] '''George Gardiner and Sarah Potter were married by Isaac Sheldon, Justice, Feb 10, 1742 at South Kingstown, Kings County, Rhode Island. ''{Marriage record for the second marriage of George Gardiner Sr. to Sarah (Robinson) Potter.}'' :#) [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819984#page/n179/mode/2up ''South Kingstown, RI. Vital Records;'' Page 16:] George Gardiner ''{Jr.}'' and Sarah Boss were married by Isaac Sheldon, Justice, April 22, 1742 at South Kingstown, Kings County, Rhode Island. ''{Marriage record of son George Gardiner Jr. to Sarah Boss, 12 days after George Sr's own marriage to Sarah Potter.}'' :#) [https://archive.org/details/cu31924098819984/page/n207/mode/2up''South Kingstown Birth Records;'' Page 44 (208/920):] George Gardiner '''Jr.''' and Sarah were the parents of Susannah, George III, Rufus, William and Levi. ''{The children in this list are the Grand-children of George Gardiner Sr. and his new wife Sarah (Robinson) Potter Gardiner. }'' :#) [https://archive.org/details/cu31924098819984/page/n207/mode/2up''South Kingstown Birth Records;'' Page 44 (208/920):] '''George Gardiner ''{Sr.}'' and his wife Sarah ''{Robinson}'' were the parents of the following children: :##) Rowland Gardiner, born 1 Dec 1743 at South Kingstown, RI. :##) Thankful Gardiner, born 22 Feb 1744/5 at South Kingstown, RI. ==== Published Genealogical Information ==== * 1895 Secondary Source, Caroline Robinson; [https://archive.org/details/hazardfamilyofrh00byurobi/page/n7/mode/2up?q=Robinson ''The Hazard family of Rhode Island 1635-1894;''] Robinson, Caroline; ''[[Space:The Hazard Family of Rhode Island 1635-1894|The Hazard Family of Rhode Island 1635-1894]]'' A genealogy and history of the descendants of Thomas Hazard, 1635-1894, with sketches of the worthies of this family, and anecdotes illustrative of their traits and also of the times in which they lived. (Boston, 1895). [https://archive.org/details/hazardfamilyofrh00byurobi/page/36/mode/2up?q=Robinson page 36.] Call Number: R929.2 qH428 Data: :#) [https://archive.org/details/hazardfamilyofrh00byurobi/page/18/mode/2up?q=Robinson ''Hazard Genealogy;'' page 18:] Mary Hazard (39), daughter of Thomas Hazard and Susannah Nichols, was born 3 Oct 1683; m. 19 Oct 1704 John Robinson, son of Rowland and Mary (Allen) Robinson; died 1722. John Robinson died 6 April 1712. She married (2nd) Peter Easton, son of James Easton. :##) Children of Mary Hazard and John Robinson: :###) Mary Robinson; b. 30 Sept 1705; m. Stephen Hazard, son of Stephen and Elizabeth Hazard. :###) '''Sarah Robinson; b. 22 Jan 1707; m. (1st) 11 Jan 1723-4 Ichabod Potter; m. (2nd) 10 Feb 1742 George Gardiner. :###) Ruth Robinson; b. 12 March 1709; m. 27 April 1732 Joseph Underwood. :###) Susannah Robinson; b. 9 Feb 1712; m. 30 March 1731 Peregrine Gardiner. :##) Children of Mary Hazard and Peter Easton: :###) Miriam Easton; b. 23 Dec 1718; m. 11 Oct 1739 Fones Hazard, son of Stephen and Margaret (Fones) Hazard. :###) Hannah Easton; b. 1 Oct 1720. :#) [https://archive.org/details/hazardfamilyofrh00byurobi/page/36/mode/2up?q=Robinson ''Hazard Genealogy;'' page 36:] '''Sarah Robinson (183), daughter of John Robinson and Mary Hazard, was born 22 Jan 1707; m. (1st) 16 Jan 1722 Ichabod Potter Jr.; m. (2nd) 19 Feb 1742 George Gardiner. :##) Children of Sarah Robinson and Ichabod Potter: :###) John Potter; b. 29 July 1724. :###) Simeon; b. 25 Sep 1726. :###) Ruth; b. 19 Jan 1728. :###) Rouse; b. 10 Dec 1729. :##) '''Children of Sarah Robinson and George Gardiner:''' ''{Editorial Comment: the Vital Record of Rhode Island [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819984#page/n207/mode/2up/search/George ''South Kingstown, RI. Vital Records;'' Page 44:] clearly states that this list of children were, in fact, the offspring of George Sr.'s son '''George Gardiner Jr. ''' and his daughter-in-law Sarah {Boss}; and NOT the sons and daughters of George Gardiner Sr. and his second wife Sarah (Robinson) Potter Gardiner as asserted by Caroline Robinson.}'' :###) Susannah Gardiner; b. 16 June 1743. :###) George Gardiner; b. 8 March 1745. :###) Rufus Gardiner; b. 9 March 1747. :###) William Gardiner; b. 8 Sept 1749. :###) Levi Gardiner; b. 29 Sept 1751. * 1919 Secondary Source, Robinson, [https://archive.org/stream/gardinersofnarra00robi#page/n11 ''The Gardiners of Narragansett''] Robinson, Caroline E. ''[[Space:The Gardiners of Narragansett|The Gardiners of Narragansett]]: being a genealogy of the descendants of George Gardiner, the colonist, 1638'' (Providence, Rhode Island, 1919), [[#Robinson|Robinson]], pp. 6, 7. [https://archive.org/stream/gardinersofnarra00robi#page/n11/mode/2up The Gardiners of Narragansett -- Title Page] Data Extract: :#) [https://archive.org/stream/gardinersofnarra00robi#page/2/search/Nicholas ''Gardiner Genealogy;'' Page 2, 3:] Nicholas Gardiner, son of George Gardiner and Herodias (Long) (Hicks), was born in 1654 and Married Hannah ____. He died in 1712. :#) [https://archive.org/stream/gardinersofnarra00robi#page/6/search/Nicholas ''Gardiner Genealogy;'' Page 6, 7]. Nicholas Gardiner, son of George Gardiner, testified as to certain lands, calling himself fifty seven years, or "thereabouts'. He took the oat of allegiance in 1671 and in the same year bought land from [[Porter-60|John Porter]] ''{The second husband of his mother Horod (Herodias) Long}''. He must have been twenty-one at this time, which would make his date of birth 1650. This is probably correct. He died in 1712. HIs wife died before this date. He married Hannah ____. Nicholas was the father of: :##) Nicholas Gardiner (44), married, Oct. 13, 1709, [[Eldred-42|Mary Eldred]], a daughter of Thomas. :##) Ezekiel Gardiner (45). He must have died early and unmarried. :##) '''[[Gardiner-378|George Gardiner (46)]], married Susannah (unknown) , about 1719, and died in 1787.''' :#) [https://archive.org/stream/gardinersofnarra00robi#page/18/mode/2up/search/GEORGE+GARDINER ''Gardiner Genealogy;'' Page 19, 20:] '''GEORGE GARDINER (46) was born near 1689 or considerably later. He married Susannah ____ in 1719(?) and died in 1787. Children: :##) [[Gardiner-1558|George Gardiner (207)]], was born July 25, 1720, and married, Feb. 10 (or April 22?), 1742, Sarah Boss, a daughter of Peter and Amey {Gardiner) Boss. :##) Hannah Gardiner (208), was born May 27, 1723, and married. May 27, 1739, Caleb Westcott. :##) Amey Gardiner (209), was born Aug. 15, 1725, and married, Dec. 10, 1741, Stephen Tefft. :##) Mary Gardiner (210), was born in 1727, and married Jeffrey Champlin, Jr., a son of Jeffrey and Mary (Northup, a daughter of Henry) Champlin. Henry Northup was a brother of Abigail (Northup) Eldred, who married, as second husband, John Watson, Jr. :##) Sarah Gardiner (211), was born in 1729, and married, June 8, 1761, Josiah Sheffield, of New Shoreham. He died Jan. 22, 1768. She married, second, Littlefield. :##) Dorcas Gardiner (212), was born in 1730, and married Edward Perry, Jr. :##) Nicholas Gardiner (213), was born in 1734, and married Hannah Champlin, a daughter of Stephen. :##) [[Gardiner-2308|Ezekiel Gardiner]] (214), was born in 1734, and married Sarah . :##) Abigail Gardiner (215), was born in 1736, and married Robert Potter. :##) Elizabeth Gardiner (216), was born in 1738, and married Rouse Potter. :##) Note. These children are all mentioned in George Gardiner's will. :#) [https://archive.org/details/gardinersofnarra00robi/page/204/mode/2up?view=theater&q=Nicholas ''Gardiner Genealogy;'' Page 204:] Map of the land of the sons of George Gardiner. *1943 Secondary Source, Andrew G. Moriarty; ''The American Genealogist'', Andrew G. Moriarty, [https://www.americanancestors.org/databases/american-genealogist-the/image/?volumeId=11817&pageName=202&rId=23575874 ''The Wife of George Gardiner of Narragasett,''] ''The American Genealogist'' (TAG); Vol 20 (1943); pp 202-207; digital images, ''AmericanAncestors.org'' (accessed 2014). Data Extract: :#) [https://www.americanancestors.org/databases/american-genealogist-the/image/?volumeId=11817&pageName=202&rId=23575874 ''The Wife of George Gardiner;'' Page 202-207:] In 1943, Andrew G. Moriarty dedicated a five page article to Susanna, the first wife of George Gardiner; she was identified in the article as '''Susanna Hazard, the wife of George ³ Gardiner (Nicholas², George ¹).''' Moriarty reported George's wife, Susanna Hazard, was born in South Kingstown, 16 January 1700/1, the daughter of Robert and Amie Hazard. ''{Editorial, George Gardiner Jr., the first child of Susanna Hazard and George ³ Gardiner was born 25 July 1720, hence Susannah had to have been born prior to 1705, and more probably around 1700, in good agreement with the Moriarty assignment; refer to the Research Notes for further discussion on the identity assignment of Susannah Hazard as the wife of George Gardiner.}'' Susanna (Hazard) Gardiner died prior to her husband, George Gardiner, and he married again to Sarah Potter on 10 Feb 1742. Sarah Potter was the widow of Ichabod Potter and daughter of John and Mary (Hazard Robinson. * 1983/reprinted 1989: Secondary Source, Gary Boyd Roberts, "Genealogies of Rhode Island Families: from New England Historical and Genealogical Register" (NEHGR) Roberts, Gary Boyd, "Genealogies of Rhode Island Families: from New England Historical and Genealogical Register, Vol II;" (NEHGR); Genealogical Publishing Co.; Baltimore; 1989; call# 929.3745; isbn#0806312173. [https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/48398/images/RIFamiliesII-001066-iii ''Genealogies of Rhode Island Families; Vol II Niles-Wilson;'' title page.] [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/48398/Ancestry.com ''RI Families;'' Ancestry.com manuscript search page]. This text is still in print and is cited at [https://books.google.ca/books/about/Genealogies_of_Rhode_Island_Families.html?id=apQlAQAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y on GoogleBooks] & [https://www.americanancestors.org/education/learning-resources/read/rhode-island-guide on AmericanAncestors.org] and may be purchased at Amazon.com; Walmart, [https://genealogical.com/store/genealogies-of-rhode-island-families-6/ Genealogical.com] or others; and is available in selected public libraries. The only known on-line copy is at Ancestry.com. Data summary from Ancestry.com online volume; :#) [https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/48398/images/RIFamiliesII-001427-350? ''RI Families;'' image #363-364 of 818:] on ancestry.com; Text: George Gardiner was born 2 Nov 1696, son of Nicholas and Hannah (Palmer) Gardiner. He was married twice, his first marriage was to Susannah Hazard about 1819 and she was the mother of eight of his children, George Gardiner married second, on 10 Feb 1742/3, Sarah (Robinson) Potter, the widow of Ichabod Potter, and daughter of John Robinson, Esq. of Newport, by whom he apparently had one son and three daughters. Thus, George Gardiner was the father of 12 children among them was Sarah (by his first wife) who married, first, Capt. Josiah Sheffield, and secondly, John Littlefield, Esq. " :##) The text also cites numerous life events for George Gardiner which have been detailed in the biography of this profile. == Research Notes == #) Both the Caroline Robinson and Gary Boyd Rogers (1985) references cite information about and from the last will and testament of George Gardiner of South Kingstown, RI.; thus the it is very clear that this document is extant, but as of July 2021 has not been made available nor indexed on the internet. A copy of this original document is an essential piece of evidence required to establish the veracity of a number of the asserted family relationships made in this genealogy. #) The following document provides the names of three Susannah Hazards born in Rhode Island within a few years of each other in the early 1700s. The Susannah Hazard born in 1799 is the most appropriate choice for a marriage to George in 1719. As of June 9, 2017 the spouse of Nicholas is cited to be [[Hazard-176|Susan Hazard]] but this citation is very questionable as Susan was born in April 1723, four years after the Robinson (page 19) cited George Gardiner marriage date of 1719(?), and she is younger than at least two of George's children and is too young to be the mother of all but the youngest the children. If [[Hazard-176|Susan Hazard]] is George's wife, she is a second wife. #) Birth records for three Susannah Hazards, alternate candidate for wife of George Gardiner, born in the same Rhode Island community within 16 years of each other. Look for a George Gardiner - Susannah Hazard marriage record. ##) Susannah Hazard Rhode Island, Vital Extracts, 1636-1899. Description: Volume Number and Title : Vol· 05: Washington County: Births, Marriages, Deaths. Source Information: Ancestry.com. Rhode Island, Vital Extracts, 1636-1899 database on-line. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2014. Original data: Arnold, James Newell. Rhode Island Vital Extracts, 1636–1850. 21 volumes. Providence, R.I.: Narragansett Historical Publishing Company, 1891–1912. Digitized images from New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, Massachusetts. [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/3897/41384_2421406273_0008-00103? Susannah Hazard birth record] North Kingstown VR, Births; Arnold. ###) Susannah Hazard, daughter of Stephen and Elizabeth b. 20 April 1699. ###) Susannah Hazard, dau. of Stephen and Margaret, b. 9 May 1715 ###) Susannah Hazard, dau. of Jeremiah and Sarah, b. 21 May 1716. ##) [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/61175/colonialfamiliesiii-002125_227/50796?backurl=https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/1297802/person/24024711470/facts/citation/940252438225/edit/record#?imageId=colonialfamiliesiii-002125_227 ''Colonial Families;''] Susannah Hazard, daughter of Robert and Amey Hazard, b. 16 Jan 1701 #) The following definitions and syntax conventions apply to the preceding text of this profile: ##) A Primary Source contains data that was recorded by the person in the profile; or by someone known to or with first hand knowledge of that person, during the person's lifetime, death or within two generations thereafter. ##) A Secondary Source is a genealogical reference created as the result of a extensive study of available source material and it provides some evidence of the source documentation used to generate the text data. ##) A Tertiary Source is a genealogical data source which is a collection of genealogical information that does not cite Primary or Secondary information sources, and the data may be factual or hearsay. ##) Braces ''{Editorial Note Example}'' are used to insert editorial comments; that is to say, information or clarification that is not contained in the original, cited source material. ---- ==Sources== ===Other Sources (not cited in Biography)=== *U.S., Sons of the American Revolution Membership Applications, 1889-1970 Ancestry.com. U.S., Sons of the American Revolution Membership Applications, 1889-1970 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011. Sons of the American Revolution Membership Applications, 1889-1970. Louisville, Kentucky: National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution. Microfilm, 508 rolls. [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/2204/32596_242471-00138/1098210?backurl=https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/25019012/person/26060215993/facts/citation/700052894491/edit/record#?imageId=32596_242471-00139 SAR lineage George married Susannah unknown] * https://archive.org/details/gardinergardnerg00mill/page/26/mode/2up?q=George * G. Andrews Moriarty; [https://www.familysearch.org/photos/artifacts/11463732 ''The Parentage of George Gardiner of Newport, R. I.;''] "The American Genealogist," Jan 1945, vol 21, no. 3; pp191-200. In-depth genealogical study on George Gardner, Horod Long, parents of Nicholas Gardiner (fifth child), b. 1654. etal. * [https://www.americanancestors.org/databases/rhode-island-roots/image?rId=235022677&volumeId=13231&pageName=8&filterQuery= 1730 South Kingstown RI Census. George Gardiner.] * [https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/1098208:2204?tid=&pid=&queryId=591b6ac58a12dde131994aa8254d8db4&_phsrc=tuQ3443&_phstart=successSource Grandson Rufus Gardiner in the Revolution.] * [https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/49316/images/FLHG_RI1777MilCensus-0063?ssrc=&backlabel=Return&pId=90644 The Rhode Island 1777 Military Census.]

The genealogy of [[Beebe-7242|Jennie (Beebe) Cady (1879-1970)]], written for her by her first cousin, once removed, [[Dickinson-10125|Pearl E. (Dickinson) Porter (1861-1943)]] and is part of the [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:Beebe_Genealogy_File_of_George_Beebe Beebe George Beebe Genealogy File]. This following genealogy was written by Pearl Porter sometime after Jennie Beebe was married (as she was surnamed Cady in the letter address), but before Pearl died; hence was written some time between 17 June 1908 (marriage of Jennie to E. Cady) and 6 May 1943. The text of this genealogy was copied, paraphrased, and extracted from the 1904 work of [[Beebe-1873|Clarence Beebe (1852-1932)]] entitled ''A Monograph of the Descent of the Family of Beebe,'' following the line of descent, relevant to the family, to Nicholas Beebe (619) on page 71. Beebe, Clarence, [[Space:Monograph of the Descent of the Family of Beebe|''Monograph of the Descent of the Family of Beebe'']], from the earliest known immigrant--John, of Broughton, England, 1650, compiled and edited by Clarence Beebe, 150 Nassau Street, New York,1904; Public Domain. [https://archive.org/stream/monographofdesce00beeb#page/n9/mode/2up ''Monograph of the Descent of the Family of Beebe;'' -Title Page] It is obvious that Pearl owned or had access to a copy of Clarence Beebe's book; note that Pearl was a contemporary to Clarence Beebe and may have been a contributor for the line of Nicholas Beebe. The following is a live text copy of the information written, by Pearl E. Porter, in the attached pdf file, but with the supplementary handwritten information also transcribed into the following computer text: ''{Note italicized text enclosed within brackets denotes editorial comment and information not contained in the original text.}'' ---- Jennie Beebe Cady ::from ::::Cousin Pearl E. Porter. ::::::Ocean Springs, While-away Lodge, Mich. ---- '''Beebe Genealogy'''
John Beebe who immigrated to this country in 1650 died on shipboard and left a will in which mention is made of his children an of the fact that he came from Broughton, Northamptonshire, England. The church registry of St. Anthony , Broughton, dating from 1560 verify the names of John Beebe and his children as stated in his will on file in Hartford, Connecticut. Probably 99% of of the family in this country descended from the three sons of this John, to wit. John (2), Samuel, and James. They were probably all puritans and were known in England as husbandmen or yeomen. They landed in Boston harbor and working their way westward, were influential in the settlement of New London, Conn. From this place the family branched out in all directions. From the learned researches of John Thorpe, an old authoritative chronicler and Heral of Duddeston, Warwickshire, Eng., we have a clear account of the relation and history of this family from the ancient home in the Valle de Saive, Normandy, France, up to up to 1669 in Warwick Co. Eng., when John, Nathaniel, and Eli Beebe emigrated to the colonial provinces of York. Ancient papers in the archives of Aston Hall show that this family descended from the Norman Knights Richard and Gillaume de Beebe, who were of the Roayal guard of William the Conquerer, and passed over to England at the time of the conquest and were by the King granted manors at Bordesley in the Co. of Warwick, Eng, where the family lived from the time of the Norman conquest up to the close of the commonwealth. The de was eventually dropped and the name Anglicised to Beebe. During the Parlimentary wars John Beebe of Duddeston Hall Co. of Warwick, with two sons having ardently stood by the popular cause against the tyranny of the Royal Stuarts, fighting first under Essex and Hampton, subsequently with desperate resolution through all of Cromwell's campaigns, were at the restoration of the monarchy exposed to persecutions by the court officials. They were summoned by the King's governor Warwick, to take an oath of alliance to the regime, but such being a military court they denounced its right there, defiantly refusing to be bound by an oath commanded by an unlawfully constituted body resulted in perity of the Beebe family and others who had fought for contumacy in money and estate. Three cadets of the family with John Beebe and the yeoman Richard Rathbone, Thomas Clifton, and Henry Clinton at once emigrated to the province of York and settled upon the estates within the Royal demense. Subsequent to this settlement, another branch settled at Roxbury, Mass. The held correspondence with the noble and liberal Lord Stanley and Henry Fairfax of Durham, two noblemen who felt a deep interest in the welfare and prosperity of the Beebe family and others who had fought for constitutional freedom during the great struggle of the Parlimentary wars. These letters and the manuscript of the Beebe family, colonial and home, were preserved by William Watt Esq., lord of the manor at Aston, in the archives of Aston Hall , Warwickshire, Eng. The motto of the family, granted by Henry V. to Sir John Beebe for distinguished gallantry at the siege of Harflour, and presented by the King upon a gold shield, is in Norman French, Fidele et Brave- Faithful and Brave. ... It is a fact that [[Beebe-378|John Beebe II (1600-1650)]] left England for this country in the month of April or May 1650. From all the data at hand he was accompanied by his five children, viz, Thomas, Nathaniel, James, Rebecca, and Mary and that his two sons, John and Samuel had preceded him to America a few months. His daughter Hannah and his wife Rebecka are not mentioned in his will, which was written and signed on shipboard. They probably had died before the voyage was undertaken. The eldest child John was but 22 years of age at this time and the youngest, Mary, 13 years. It is presumed that John died on the same day on which he made he will, viz, May 18, 1650. [[Beebe-233|Samuel Beebe Sr. (1633-1710)]], son of John Beebe, was twin brother to Thomas and was baptized with him at Broughton, Eng. June 23, 1833. He came to New England in 1650 and settled at New London, Conn., where he was granted land Dec 2, 1651 as well as several times afterwards. In 1708 he testified that he and his brother made the fence to Mr. Winthrop's ox pasture "sixty years since." This expression must be understood to mean about sixty years, as he could not have been in New London earlier than the summer of 1650. His first wife was Agnes, daughter of Willian Keeney. His second wife was her sister Mary. The children were Samuel, Susannah, William, Agnes, Nathaniel, Ann, Johnathan, Mary, and Thomas. [[Beebe-522|Thomas Beebe (abt.1682-)]], son of Samuel, was born about 1682. the ear mark of his cattle was recorded at New London Aug. 5, 1712 "A croppe and half on the off ear, which was his father, Samuel's ear mark." On Sep. 2, 1714 he bought land in Colchester. He married Ann Hobson of New London. Their children were Edward, Agnes, and Peter. [[Beebe-529|Edward Beebe (1716-1780)]], son of Thomas, married Hannah Pratt Sep. 15, 1737. Their children were Edward, John, Thomas T., Hannah, Samuel, and Samuel 2nd. [[Beebe-19|Thomas T. Beebe (1743-1792)]], son of Edward Beebe, was born Sep. 7, 1743. (Died Feb. 24, 1792.) Married Olive Hall. Was at Bunker Hill. Children, Hannah, Thomas William, Gilbert, Mary, Betsy, John, Joseph, Abijah, Sarah, Huldah, William Samuel, and Joshua Hall. [[Beebe-521|Thomas William Beebe (1769-1848)]], son of Thomas T. Beebe, was born Oct. 7, 1769 in Saybrook, Conn. (Died June 18, 1848 in Guilderland, N.Y.) Married Ellen Van Patten. Their children were Thomas T., Nicholas, Elizabeth, Sarah, Margaret, Peter, John T., William, Helen Susanna, Joshua Hall, Henry Thomas, Jacob, and Huldah. [[Beebe-2709|Nicholas T. Beebe (1796-1879)]], son of Thomas William Beebe, was born Mar. 24, 1796. (Died Apr. 21, 1879.) Married Elizabeth Passage Jan. 1, 1817. Their children were Thomas N. , George, Margaret, Eve, and Leah. ''{Precise dates and children, not included in the Clarence Beebe text; the balance of the plain text in this genealogy are the words of Pearl Porter, whereas the bold text was added (in hand writing) by recipient, Jennie (Beebe) Cady.}'' [[Beebe-7238|Thomas N. Beebe (1818-1874)]]., son of Nicholas Beebe, was born Jan 20, 1818. (Died June 5, 1874.) First wife Mary Jane Mead married on Mar. 20, 1847. She died May, 1847. His second wife was Elizabeth Jones, married July 3rd 1850. They had one son, Frank. [[Beebe-7239|Frank Beebe (1854-1929)]], son of Thomas N. Beebe, was born '''Aug. 4, 1854.''' (Died '''July9, 1929'''). Married '''Laura Smith, Mar. 20, 1878. (Died Nov. 20, 1906.) Their children were Jennie, and George '''Warren.'' [[Beebe-7242|Jennie (Beebe) Cady (1879-1970)]], daughter of Frank Beebe, was born '''Apr. 29, 1870.''' Married E. Pardee Cady '''June 17, 1908.''' '''[[Beebe-7243|George Warren Beebe (1882-1969)]], born Feb., 22, 1882. Married Lula C. Brown Sept. 17,1905. Their children George Warren II, Thomas John Beebe Jr., and Susan Lu. '''Thomas John Beebe, son of George Warren Beebe, born Apr., 6, 1907. Married Phyllis Hurst Sept. 7, 1935.

Sub-title: Together With A SHORT ACCOUNT OF THREE PRECEDING GENERATIONS TRACED BACK BY THE AUTHOR FROM RECORDS FOUND IN SCOTLAND Also A DIAGRAM SHOWING THREE GENERATIONS OF THE McGREGOR FAMILY By HERSCHEL R. GASS MOBILE, ALA., MAY 10, 1918 Another user provided to me this link: https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSS3-33V5-P?i=4 which has a microfilm copy of this book. I am working from my mom's copy which has handwritten notes in it. I'll scan and upload to this profile the pages with handwritten notes.

The Parents and Family of John Smith IV of Marion, South Carolina. Born in Chowan, NC, lived in Craven County, SC/Prince Fredericks Parish, Georgetown District, SC. Including Revolutionary War information. == The Smith Family == === Generation 1 === John Smith I (25), born 1614 in England (26); died Aft. 1694 in Isle of Wight, VA. He was the son of William Smith and Ann Bassett. He married 17. Ann Jones Abt. 1640 in ?26. 17.Ann Jones, born Abt. 1620 in ?; died Aft. 1694 in ?.She was the daughter of Anthony Jones and Unknown Spouse. Notes for John Smith I: From Boddie's Seventeenth Century Isle of Wight VA: Page 573: John Smyth, planter, and wife Anne sell to Peter Best his plantation that he lives on 100 acres adj. Robert Coleman and his brother Thomas Smyth form the Cypress for a mile into the woods.July 31, 1675. Page 578: John Smyth and Anne his wife sold 500 acres land adj. Robert Coleman and Thomas Smith to Robert Coleman. 3 Nov 1677. Peter Best assigns this to Robert Coleman, 3 Nov 1677. James Tullaugh, Jno. Wingate.Anne Best makes Wm. Thompson of Nansemond her atty. to sigh deed to Robert Coleman. Page 602: John Smith and Ann Smith bequeath to John Mackmihill 20 acres of land bought of Capt. Wm. Oldis, late of Nansemond and Robert Ruffin of Surry adj. upon Capt. Geo. Norsworthy lat of the County of Nansemond and the other side of Mather Tomlin'sland. 9 Dec. 1689. Teste, John Brownne, Robert Lawrence. Page 672: Mr. Tristram Norsworthy, 670 acres Upper Norfolk Co, Dec. 6, 1645. In the main river behind Ragged Island Cr., down by a great marsh on Mount Lawsons Bay, to an oyster point on the Rich Island, and along New Town Haven River Bay crossing Canady Island Cr. Said land commonly known by the name of Ragged Islands. 100 acres hereof formerly granted to John Smith Aug 20, 1633 and purchased of said Smith; 50 acres pat. by Norsworthy May 10, 1638 and the residue for trans. 9 pers. Child of John Smith and Ann Jones is: 8 i. John Smith II, born 1640 in Isle of Wight, VA; died 1683 in Isle of Wight, VA; married Elizabeth Ball 1680 in ?. === Generation 2 === John Smith II, born 1640 in Isle of Wight, VA; died 1683 in Isle of Wight, VA. He was the son of 16. John Smith I and 17. Ann Jones. He married 9. Elizabeth Ball 1680 in ?. 9.Elizabeth Ball, born Unknown in ??; died Unknown in ?. Notes for John Smith II: After the birth of John Smith, III, they moved from York County in SE Virginia, to NC. (Boddie's Isle of Wight County, Va). John Smith II bought 2000 acres of land on Black Water head of Chowan River, NC.Elizabeth signed the deed. Child of John Smith and Elizabeth Ball is: John Smith III, born 1683 in York County, VA === Generation 3 === 4 i. John Smith III, born 1683 in York County, VA; died Unknown in Chowan County, NC; married Ann Jasper Abt. 1709 in Chowan County, NC. ==== Ann Jasper's Lineage ==== Richard Jasper, born Bef. 1665; died Abt. 11 June 1698 in Richmond County, VA27.He was the son of John Lancelet Jasper and Sarah Sheppard.He married 21. Mary Unknown in North Farnham Parish, Richmond County, VA27. 21.Mary Unknown, born Bef. 1665. Notes for Richard Jasper: In the reference by Nugent, "Pioneers and Cavaliers," Patent Bk. Part II, page 277 is noted the "Transportation of ten persons, among which was JOHN JASPER, who came on the Mary of Bristol in 1634." This is most likely the first Jasper of our line to come to the United State, then only a colony. According to N. Roy, "We have NO PROOF that JOHN JASPER came from Suffolk but we do know that in the middle 1800's certain Jaspers came to UTAH from Monmouthshire.It is probable that JOHN JASPER came from that area asMonmouth is much nearer the port of Bristol than Suffolk.Most of the young unmarried male immigrants were between the ages of 16 and 25 years, but the age of JOHN must be a surmise as there are NO records. "RICHARD JASPER, probable son of the immigrant, is the ONLY JASPER we find in Virginia at this time who left a record.He appears to have been born ca. 1636-1638. and to have married Mary, (surname unknown) about 1660. Shedied prior to 1680 when he married second, Sarah (surname unknown). There were two children by the first marriage and four by the second."(Roy) Will Book II. p. 60--Richmond County, Virginia (Richmond is one of the counties made from Old Rappahannock)Will of RICHARD JASPER, dated June 11, 1698, gives to his son, Thomas Jasper, and his legally begotton heirs, "All the tract of land I now live on.To son Richard Jasper, Jr. and his heirs, "the piece of land which I bought from Richard Dudley.To daughter Sara, one feather bed, a rug and two blankets," and states that the sons should maintain her until she is sixteen years old and afterwards "that my sons should yearly pay her, the said Sara, each of them 250 pounds of Tobacco." Personal estate is to go to my two grandchildren, William and Mary Dudley."I give to my son Richard Jasper, Senr., one shilling." Tes:Marks of Wm W. Leehis Mary M. Lee Hen. HayesRichard R. J. Jasper Mark Probated: p. Sacrement Hen. Hayes in Circuit Court Richmond, 3 tr. die mart ii. 1702 and Record r Test: James Sherlock, Blk. Sur. From this will, one can only surmise that either Richard's son who was left only one shilling was "being punished" by being willed such a pittance, or that he was wealthy in his own right and did not need the inheritance, but his father felt a need to include him in the will for a legal purpose. Children of Richard Jasper and Mary Unknown are: 10 i. Richard Jasper, born Bef. 1685 in North Farnham Parish, Richmond County, VA; died Abt. 30 October 1722 in Chowan County, NC; married Sarah Unknown Unknown in ?. ii. Mary Jasper, born Bef. 1685 in North Farnham Parish, Richmond County, VA27 '''Anne Jasper's Parents''' 10.Richard Jasper, born Bef. 1685 in North Farnham Parish, Richmond County, VA24; died Abt. 30 October 1722 in Chowan County, NC24.He was the son of 20. Richard Jasper and 21. Mary Unknown.He married 11. Sarah Unknown Unknown in ?. 11.Sarah Unknown, born Bef. 1685 in North Farnham Parish, Richmond County, VA24; died Unknown in ?. Notes for Richard Jasper: In Hathaway's "Historical and Genealogical Register," Vol. 1. p. 330 and also Grimes "Abstracts of North Carolina Wills," p. 184, Richard willed to his son, Samuel Jasper, "All my lands" and named sons:William, Jonathan and Israel and daughters Hannah Leath (Her children--Kenzia and John Leath) Ann Jasper, Mary Jasper, Lydela Jasper, and wife, Ann Jasper. Executors:Testators, Roger Mason, Jr., John Slade, Jr., and Dorcas Leath.Thomas Jordan, C. C. State of South Carolina, Horry Co., National Archives Richard died between 30 Oct. 1722 and 30 March 1723, the writing and proving of his will. Children of Richard Jasper and Sarah Unknown are: 5 i. Ann Jasper, born Abt. 1682 in North Farnham Parish, Richmond County, VA; died Aft. 1722 in ?; married John Smith III Abt. 1709 in Chowan County, NC. ii. Samuel Jasper Jasper, born Bef. 1722; died 29 March 175224 iii. Mary Jasper, born Bef. 1722. iv. William Jasper, born Bef. 1722. v. Richard Jasper, born 1687 in VA24 vi. Thomas Jasper, born 1689 in VA24; died 1748 in Richmond County, VA24 vii. Israel Jasper, born 1720; died 178424 viii. Jonathan Jasper, born Abt. 1722 in NC24 ix. Hanna Jasper, born Abt. 1722 in NC24 x. Elizabeth Jasper, born Abt. 1722 in NC24 Child of John Smith and Ann Jasper is: John Smith IV, born Abt. 1710 in Chowan County, NC === Generation 4 === 2 i. John Smith IV, born Abt. 1710 in Chowan County, NC; died Abt. 1802 in Marion District, SC; married '''(1)''' Abigail Commander 4 October 1737 in Prince Frederick Parish, SC '''(2)''' Jane Ford 10 September 1742 in SC One of these two wives of John Smith are the Mother's of Ann Smith Berry and Elisabeth Smith (Watson) Deer. As for Anne, it is believed that Jane Ford was her Mother. '''(3)'''Mary Johns === Generation 5 === 2. John Smith IV, born Abt. 1710 in Chowan County, NC; died Abt. 1802 in Marion District, SC4.He was the son of 4. John Smith III and 5. Ann Jasper. He married 3. Mary Johns Abt. 1748 in ?5. 3.Mary Johns, born 1722 in Marion District, SC; died Aft. 1802 in Marion District, SC. Notes for John Smith IV: He provided supplies to soldiers in the Revolutionary War and therefore can be used as a Revolutionary ancestor on joining the Daughters of the American Revolution. According to the History of Marion County by W. W. Sellers, pages 492 and 493, John Smith settled and lived about six miles above Marion Court House near the place known as E.J. Moody's Mill, long before the Revolution.During the Revolution, it was known as Tart's Mill.The Mill was the property of John Smith before the Revolution Stub Entries to Indents for Revolutionary Claims Book Y-Z, page 143 reads: "Nu 960) Issued 26th Jan. 1785 to Mr. John Smith Sen. for nineteen pounds 18/9 Stl. for provisions and forage supplied in 1780 and 1782 Acct. audited Principal L 19..18..9 Interest L1--7-10". The Battle of Bowling Green was fought June 3, 1782.(History of Old Cheraws, page 596).A leaflet and map prepared for Marion County Celebration of South Carolina Tricentennial show this battle or skirmish between Patriots under General Frances Marion and Loyalists under Major Micajah Ganey took place on land owned by John Smith.(Some ancestors claim John took part in this battle). On file in the office of Judge of Probate, Marion County, SC, Book I, pages 16-18, also roll number 721, may be found the will of John Smith.It is dated the 10th of June, 1797, and probated the 20th of January, 1802.Persons mentioned in the will are: Wife - Mary Sons - Samuel, John, and James Daughters - Anne Berry, Elizabeth Watson, Mary Buckholts, Sarah Tart, Martha Finklea, Morning Bryant, Cealey Harrelson. The will was witnessed by John Finklea, John Deer, and Peter Kingley.Sons Sam Smith, John Smith and friend Enos Tart were appointed Executors in the will.However, when the will was probated, Peter Kingley evidently had died for John Finklea and John Deer testified that Peter Kingley did witness will; and at the same time qualified Sarah Smith as an executor.On March 30, John Finklea and John Deer qualified John Smith as executor of this will of John Smith. (SEE BELOW FOR FULL TRANSCRIPTION OF WILL) His Will dated 10 Jun 1797, proved 20 Jan 1802 mentions: Known Children: Samuel, eldest son-650 a on Gully & Buck Swamp, includes one fifty a purchased from William HARRALSON, & bounty a purch from William ROSEYEAR. John (d. bef 10 Nov 1824) - 250 a whereon he now lives. James-750 a purch from Benjamin HARRALSON, Jr on NE side of Buck Swap and 100 a near Catfish Joing E side of a survey of 200 a joins WRAGGS land. Anne BERRY - 104 a on Catfish whereon Joseph JONES and one BRYANT now lives joining one of another. Elizabeth WATSON - 300 a bought of COLLINS where KELLY now lives on the Road and 150 a purc of W. STUDDIVANT on the Bay joining Land held by Frederick JONES. Mary Buckholls (BUCKHOLTS)-100 Pounds St.g and 400 a on the NE side of Little Peedee, purch from John CLARKE. Sarah TART - 750 a joining to the Plantation & Mill Seat whereon I now live part of the old tract I purch from Evan EVANS. Martha FINKLEA - 100 a purch of George GIBSON lying in the wat side of Catfish. Mourning BRYANT - the Plantation and mill seat whereon I now Live containing 100 a prt of tract purch from Evan Evans. Cealey HARRALSON - 500 a where she now lives. Executors: Samuel Smith, John Smith and Eaneas Tart. Wit: John Finkly, John Dear, Peter Keighley, Roberta. and possibly Hannah Smith. Judging from the will, John Smith owned much land and many slaves.It is interesting to note in the will that all real estate deeded to each child was not only described in detail as to boundaries but also from who purchased or how acquired. In November, 1971, issue of the D.A.R. Magazine, page 829, we find where the grave of Smith, John Sr, three miles north of Marion, SC, had been marked by Blue Savannah Chapter of D.A.R. A land grant to John Smith, Sr., dated October 10, 1778, for Revolutionary Service was supposedly recorded in book YYYY, page 5373, Secretary's Office, Charleston and entered for 400 acres bought by John Smith, Sr., April $, 1773, recorded in Book PPP, page 33, Secretary's Office, Signed by Sir William Bull.This had not been verified. John Smith's oldest son, Samuel, was born May 1, 1753 and died April, 1843.He married Mollie Rice.Gregg's "History of Old Cheraws", page 245 states that Samuel Smith was commissioned 2nd Lieutenant in Col. Powell's Regiment of Militia, St. Davido parish, 26th Day of September, 1775 and page 269 gives account of a battle between Long Island and Sullivans in which Lt. Smith took part."South Carolina in the Revolution, 1780-1783", by McCrady, page 359, states: "Samuel Smith listed a prisoner on Board the Schooner Pack Horse."Samuel Smith is buried in the old Smith Cemetery about three miles east of Latta, SC.The marker reads:"2nd L. Samuel Smith, Colonel Powell's Regiment---Rev. War".No dates are shown. Samuel Smith had three children.One daughter married Captain William Page, a son of Thomas Page.The otherdaughter, Elizabeth (Betsy), married Robert Moody.The son, Samuel, was married twice;first to a miss Lane, daughter of Osborne Lane and second, to Sallie Hayes, daughter of Benjamin Hayes. Very little is known about James Smith, another son of John IV.It is known that he had one son, Hugh Smith who married Miss Chloe Perritt.They had five sons and four daughters, all of whom had large familes.One of the sons went to Mississippi and a daughter lived in Texas.The others settled in or near the section where they had lived all their lives. John Smith V (or Jr. in the SC clan) was born in Craven County, now Marion County, SC in 1756.He married Sarah Ann (Sallie) Godbolt who was born in Georgetown District and died in Marion District in 1820.John died in Marion District in 1825.Sellers' History states that John, Jr. lived before and after the Revolutionary Warbetween the two Reedy Creeks, west of Gapevay Baptist Church and east of Marion Court House.it also states that he was well-to-do, and that during the War, he reportedly buried considerable money near the Little Reedy Creek.He served as a private in Capt. Ellebris Co Benton's Regiment (Gregg's History, page 413).There is a John Smith buried in Moody's Pond Cemetery near Marion, SC.Marker reads as above and has Rev. War. Much of the above information was contained in material prepared by Mrs. Virginia Rogers Smith of Bowman, SC and sent to me by Linda D. Smith, 1000 Cold Branch Drive, Columbia, SC 29223.I received this information on Feb. 17, 1995. !SOURCES:Bryan, Gus & Ruby, Bryan Family History 1753-1973.Also see Dunn, Doris Allen O'Neal, Allen and Allied Families, p 17.Haralson, Danny K., Haralson-Harrelson Family History and Lineage, p 97.Letter from Mrs. F. C. Cain, ex State Regent SCDAR, St. Matthew, SC to Mrs. Kenneth Troy Trewhella, Registrar General NSDAR, Washington DC, dated 15 Oct 1951.That letter lists marriages and children and includes a copy of the will dated 1787. !BURIAL: Per Cemetery Inscriptions Old Marion District, SC, V I, 1953-1954, P4 John Smith buried in Moody's Mill Pond Cemetery.Was Pvt. in Capt. Ellerbee's Co., Benton Regt./Rev. War. !MARRIAGES:Register Book for the Parish Prince Frederick Winyaw; p. 51 (Abigail Commander) and p 53 (Jane Ford). !CEN:1800 Liberty Co SC (Marion District), p 461. !SOURCE:Watsn, S. Lawton, Ancestors of Isham and Mary Watson, ur Own Early Forebears; Hal D.Watson, Printer, Latta, SC, p 2. (All above information obtained from the notes of James O. King of Kentucky. NOTES:Ordinance dates for baptism and endowment obtained from Janet Beazell. No sealing date on her records. The following was taken from the Marion cnty, SC Tax returns for 1786-Jesse Bryan (land ) 50 acres (negroes) (0)Willis Finklea 183 (a) (0) negroes- Saml. Gasque 100 (a) (0) negroes-James Johnson 25 (a) (0) negroes-Isaac Atlinson 425 (a) (0) negroes-Thomas Gasque 100 (a) (0) negroes-Joseph Jones 50 (0) negroes- Kphm Martin 200 (a) (0) negroes-John Smith 100 (a) (0) negroes-John Smith Sr. 1450 (a)(8) negroes-Samuel Smith 200 (a) (5) negroes From Early Colonists in SC, [http://ftp.rootsweb.com/pub/usgenweb/sc/sccolony.txt| Rootsweb SC Colony] SMITH, John1779 Colony, SC ResidentOld 96th DISTRICT SMITH, John1779 Colony, SC ResidentOld 96th DISTRICT Will of John SMITH, 1797 Contributed to the Marion County SCGenWeb site by: Roberta Hayes King In the Name of God Amen. I John Smith of Liberty County Georgetown District in the State of South Carolina,being in Perfect health both of Body and Mind, considering the infirmity of my Age, thanks be to the Almighty God for the Same, But calling to Mind the Mortality of this Body, and that it is appointed for all Men once to die, do therefore Make and Constitute this my last will and Teatament, But first of all I commit my spirlt into the hands of God, My Creator, from whom I first received my being, nothing Doubting but I Shall receive the Same Again at the Great day of the Resurrection of Quick and Dead,. and be again reunited by the Altmighty power of God, and as for such worldly goods as it hath Pleased God,. of his Great Goodness,. to endow me with,. I do hereby dispose of in Manner and form following, that is to say after My Just Debts and funeral Charges are all well satisfyed and paid -- Item I Give and Bequeath unto my Well belovedWife Mary Smith One negro woman named Pegg Two Hundred Acres ofLand lying & being on the N East side of Buck Swamp, which I bought of William Parker , One Riding Mare, Saddle and bridle Four Cows and Calves & one year old lieifer , Thre Sows and Piggs Supposed to be twenty Head Swine, 1 Feather Bed and Furniture , And a Lott of Pewter worthSeven Pounds St.g. to her only use and behoof to hold unto her the sd Mary Smith and her heirs & Asigns forever -- Item I give and Bequeath unto my Eldest Son Samuel Smith six Hundred and fifty acres of Land in Five tracts all Joining One of another lying and being on the Gully and Buck Swamp Mostly Granted in my Own name except one Fifty acre Tract which I purchased ofWilliam Harralson (sic) and another whieh came out in the name of William Roseyearbeing a Bounty which I purchased, and also one Feather Bedand Furniture seven Head of Stock Cattle & thirty Head of Sheep, to Hold unto him the sd Samuel Smith and to his heirs & afsigns in Perpetual succefsion absolutely for Ever -- I Give and Bequeath unto my son John Smith Two Hundred and fifty acres of Land whereon he now lives which he ia to give me, One Hundred Pounds St.g to be paid to my Daughter Mary Buckholls in the Country Produce as he shall think most proper agreable to her nesefsity(sic), Also Four Hundred acres of land Lying and being on the N East side of Little Peedee which I purchased of John Clarke, one Megro lad named Hall and Eighteen Head of Stock Cattle to Hold unto him the said John Smith and to his heirsd & afsigns in perpetual Succefsion of ages to Come actually For Ever -- Item I Give and Bequeath unto my Son James Smith Seven Hundred & Fifty acres of Land which I purchased of Benjamin Harralson Jr lying &being on theN East side of Buck Swamp also One Hundred acres of land lying on or near Catfish Joing on the East side of a Survey of Two Hundred Acres which joins Wraggs Land Granted in my Own Name Two Mares or horses six head of Stock Cattle Twenty head Swine one Feather Bed & Furniture and a Set of Black Smith Tools, to hold unto Him the said James Smith & to his heirs & Afsigns in perpetual Succesfsion of Ages to come absoluley For Ever-- Item I Give a Bequeath unto my Daughter Anne Berry One Negro woman named Dinah which she had in her Own Pofsefsion and Also one Hundred and Four Acres of Land on Catfishwhereon Joseph Jones and one Bryant now lives on being two tracts nearly Joining One of another Sixty seven acres in One Tract and thirty seven in the Other One Horse or Mare Fifteen head of Stock Cattle Ten head of Stock Hoggs One Feather Bed & Furniture a Lott of Pewter to be worth Ten pounds & lott plantation Tools to amount of Thirty Eight Shillings to Hold unto the said Anne Berry & to her heirs /of her body/ in perpetual succefsion of Ages to Come actually For Ever-- Item I Give & Bequeath unto my Daughter Elizabeth Watson one tract of Land of Thre Hundred Acres which I Bought of Collins beingthe place where Kelly now lives on the Road and Also one Hundred & Fifty acres Purchased of W. Studdivant lying on the Bay Joining Land held by Frederick Jones. Also One Negro woman named Fibb and her Child and Twenty four head of Stock Cattle To Hold unto her the said Elizabeth Watson & to her heirs /of her body/ in perpetual Succefsion of Ages to Come Actually For Ever-- Item I give and Bequeath unto my Daughter Mary Buckholts One Hundred Pounds to be paid by the Hands of my Son John Smith in Produce at Market Price as her Necefsity Shall require as the Last Part of her Portion Item I give & Bequeath unto my Daughter Sarah Tart, Seven hundred & Fifty acres of Land Joining to the Plantation & Mill Seat whereon I now live being Part of the Remaining part of the Old Tract which I purchased of Evan Evans which is One Hundred & Fifty acres more in Two other tracts all Joining One of another Observing to take off that one Hundred & fifty acres of the Old Evans Tract on the sd East side Joining to the other Two Tracts &next to the woodland part Reserving One HundredAcres More or lefs of the Said Old Evan's Tract for the use of the aforsed . Plantation & Mill whereon I now Live One Negro man named Tom one Negro woman Named Dinah, to Hold unto Her the sd. Sarah Tart and to her heirs /of her body/ in Perpetual Succefsion from Generation to Generation absolutely and Forever -- Item I Give and Bequeath Unto my Daughter Martha Fincklea OneHundred Acres of Land which I purchased of George Gibson lying in the west side of Catfish, One Negro man Named Harry one Horse or Mare Ten Head of Stock Cattle, One Small Negro Girl to Hold unto her the said Martha Fincklea and to her Heirs /of her body/ in perpetual Succefsion from Generation to Generation absolutely For Ever -- Item I Give and Bequeath unto My Daughter Mourning Bryant the Plantation and mill seat whereon I now Live Containing One Hundred Acres being that Part of the Tract which I had & purchased of Evan Evans which is Situated at the Dwellings and Mill and One Negro Girl One Horse or Mare, Fourteen Head Stock Cattle, Twenty Head Stock Hoggs To Hold unto Her the said Mourning Bryant and to her heirs /of her body/ perpetual Succefsion of Ages to Come actually & absolutely for Ever -- Item I give and Bequeath unto my My Daughter Cealey Harralson One Negro man named Caroline One Negro Boy named Joe also Five Hundred acres of Land whereon she now Lives and Granted in my Own Name. Thre Head of breeding Cattle, and Household Goods to amt of fifty four Shillings & nine Pence St.g. To Hold unto her the said Cealey Harrelson and to her heirs /of her Body/in perpetual Succefsion of ages to come actually and Absolutely For Ever -- And I do hereby Nominate, Constitute and appoint my Trusty Friends, my sons Samuel Smith and John Smith and Eaneas Tart to be my true and Lawful Executors to this my Last Will andTestament, Denying all other wills or Testaments heretofore made Signed or executed by me in any wise, Ratifying and Confirming this and no other to be my Last Will and Testament In Witnefs whereof I have hereunto Set my hand and seal this Tenth day of June in the Year of our Lord One Thousand Seven Hundred and Ninety Seven his Sighnd Sealed Published DeclaredJohnSmith mark In the Presence of__________ Interlined before afsigned the words of her Body John Finkly John Dear Peter Keighley Notes for Mary Johns: Mary Johns was a neighbor or relative of John Smith's previous wife, Jane Ford.They were married within days after the death of Jane.John Smith had two small children at the time. !Will of John Smith IV in Marion Co SC.Mary is given in the will but not her maiden name.Michael Bryant has her name as Polk.Mourning is their child and also James Smith according to his records. Info on Mary obtained from Michael Bryant.He had her birth year as 1722 of Georgetown, SC and that she died after 1802. !NOTES of James O. King."The only published genealogy that I was able to locate that included a surname was compiled by Danny K. Haralson in his Haralson-Harrelson Family History and Lineage, p 97.It refers to her as Mary Johns (the mother of Celia Smith who married Benjamin Harrelson)." === Generation 6 === Children of John Smith and Abigail Commander or Jane Ford are: ==== Anne Smith Berry ==== 1. Anne Smith b. Circa 1740, married to Andrew Berry. They settled, before the Revolutionary War, at Sandy Bluff, Craven County, South Carolina (today known as Marion, Marlboro, Dillon Counties +). ==== Elizabeth Smith Watson, Deer ==== 2. Elizabeth Smith, Watson, married to John Deer after her first husband passed. Children of John Smith and Mary Johns are: 1 i. Mourning Smith, born Abt. 1758 in Georgetown District, SC; died 1841 in Marion County, SC; married Jesse Bryan, Sr Abt. 1771 in Georgetown District, SC. '''(See Below)''' ==== Mary "Polly" Smith Buckholts ==== ii. Mary (Polly) Smith6, born 19 September 1750 in Prince Frederick, Winyaw, SC7; died Abt. August 18168; married Major Buckholts; born Abt. 1750. Notes for Mary (Polly) Smith: Baptized by Rev. Michael Smith, May 29, 1753. ==== Sarah Smith Tart ==== iii. Sarah Smith9, born 1 December 1751 in Prince Frederick, Winyaw, SC10; married Enos Tart, Sr.; born Abt. 1750; died 18 January 1801 in Gum Swamp, Marion, SC. Notes for Sarah Smith: Sarah was baptized May 29., 1753.She married Enos Tart (History of Old Cheraws, page 393;Seller's History of Marion County, page 193; and Kinfolks by Harlee, Vol. III) Sellers narrative on page 193 says that the daughter of John Smith was the mother of Enos Tart and brothers--not his wife Sarah was baptized May 29, 1753 according to FGS from Dianne Moore. Notes for Enos Tart, Sr.: See Seller's History of Marion County, page 193; and Kinfolks by Harlee, Vol. III) Sellers narrative on page 193 says that the daughter of John Smith was the mother of Enos Tart and brothers--not his wife. He says that he was a very large man but not corpulent.He was more than once the Representative of his district in the State Legislature;was Sheriff of the county, and Clerk of the Court when he died, in 1828.Enos Tart married a Miss Susanna Johnson, of the county, the results of the marriage were four or five daughters and three sons.One of his daughters married Jack Finklea;one married Willis Finklea; one, Elizabeth, married, first Alfred Kirvin and had two children for him..... (The Enos Tart above is the son of Enos,Sr.....bfb note) !Enos Tart is mentioned in the will of John Smith IV as the husband of Sarah Smith and he was named as an executor of the will of 1797 so his name appears on it. Sarah was a daughter of John's as is mentioned as Sarah Tart. Will was dated 18 Jan 1801, probated 1 May 1801; Marion Co Probate Records, Vol II, pages 101-102 by Lucille Utley and Danny Smith. !Sellers, W. W., History of Marion Co SC p 195-197. !Family Group Record prepared by Mrs. Janet H. Woodard, Charleston, SC (Records of James O. King). !NOTES of Wade Campbell of Greenville, SC.He says "Liberty County name was changed to Marion District in 1798.Enos Sr. died in 1801.He and/or John Smith IV built Tart's Mill.Without doubt they were charter members of Tarts Meeting house in 1786, when organized, merged with Ebenezer Church in 1835 (now Old Ebenezer).See Historical marker at Old Ebenezer.Bowling Green was on the Smith-Tart Land.Francis Marion camped on their land.See Historical marker on Hwy. 501. Contributed to the Marion County, S.C. website by: Linda D LDKT@InfoAve.Net Tue, 13 Jan 1998 This will is typed as it was written.I did not correct any of the spelling or punctuation.I also left blank any words I was not able to make out. Linda D Will of ENOS TART SEN In the name of God Amen I Enos Tart Senr being indisposed in body but of sound memory well seeing and hearing and calling to mind the mortality of this body that it is appointed for all men to die I do therefore make ordain and constitute this my last will and Testament but first of all. I commit my spirit unto the hands of God who gave it Nothing doubting but I shall receive the same again at the Great day of the Resurrection and be again reunited by the power of Almighty God and as for such worldly Goods as hath pleased Almighty God to endow me with I do hereby dispose of in manner and form following (that is to say) after my Just debts and funeral charges are all well satisfyd and paidSt Item 1 lend to my well beloved wife Sarah Tart Two negro Slaves named Hannah and Mingo four Cows and Calves being the Choice of my Stock three Sows and pigs one feather bed and furniture one white faced mare named Julip one Saddle and Bridle One Pewter dish four pewter plates one Iron Pot four.Tables with all the West part of my plantation begining at the So End of my house Mill dam and Running a Strait course agreeable to a Row of Apple trees nearly direct.from the end of my mill dam to my son John Tarts upper line Except one half acre of Land nearest to the Mill dam to my son Nathan Tart for the use of the Mill dam with my dweling Houses Smoke hous. barns. and Stables also the privileges of timber for Repairing the Houses or fences or fierwood for her the said Sarah Tarts use on any part of my land two plow hoes one or two weeding hoes also provision for her the said Sarah, Use and her Creatures the Form. of twelve. months after my decease with all my Geese and poultry and at the death of my wife Sarah Tart the above memtioned houses and land so lent to return to my son John Tart to be his Rite and property forever agreeable to my last Will and Testament and the rest of her property so lent to return to my two daughters Mary Crawford and Martha Maloys to be equally divided. and I do give and beqneath unto well beloved John Tart all the land on which I now live on the South side of my Mill pond and Creek from the High water mark Strait a West course to Jas Crawford Senr line Except one half acre Nearest to the mill dam and adjoining to the above mentioned half acre of land before mentioned to my son Nathan Tart3rdly. To my well beloved son Jonathan Tart I do give and bequeath all the lands that I now pofssfs on the North side of the Wattery branch Bay. which I bought of Soloman Bolton and John Saunders also one negro man Slave named Ben4thI do give and bequeath unto my well beloved son Enos Tart Junr the plantation and Tract of land which I bought from John Smith Senr containing three hundred and fifty acres and Mil- also One white faced Stout horse called Stockings One feather bed and furniture (5th) I do give and bequeath unto my well beloved daughter Mary Crawford four hundred acres of Land lieing and being on Buck Swanp which I bought from John Saunders 6th I do give and bequeath unto my well beloved daughter Martha Malay Three hundred and fifty acres of land lieing and being on Bee Branch adjoining lands Granted to Issac Hovel which was Granted to myself7th I do give and bequeath unto my well beloved son Nathan Tart all the lands from my son John Tarts upper line (that I now will to him) and Mill and pond that I am now pofssefs also Two negro Slaves Heter and Will also one. feather bed and furniture four Cows and Calves.one horse Colt named Naught his negroes to be hired out and lands Rented once every year being up to the highest bidder and his cattle to be Kept on Stock and himself put to Schooll on the money gained untill he is capable to go into a store then bound to some man in the Mercantile businsfs untill he becomes to be Twenty one years of age also fifty acres of land which I purchased of Samuel Pouncy one Black horse called Jack with all the rest of my property whatsoever it may be that I am pofsefsed with at my decease to be sau up to the highest bider and the money to be equally divided after my lawful debts to be paid out of the same and my book. accounts between my two daughters Mary Crawford and Martha MaloyAlso I leave the legacy or sum of Money now prescribed to be paid unto Nancy Tart my Granddaughter first John Tart Fifty dollars secondly Jonathan Tart Fifty dollars Thirdly Enos Tart Junr Fifty dollars fourthly Mary Crawford Twenty five dollars Fifthly Martha Maloy Twenty five dollars Sixthly Nathan Tart Fifty dollars the above money to be paid to the said Nancy Tart Fifty dollars at the time that she becomes to the age of Twenty one years Also I do hereby nominate constitute and appoint my three Eldest sons John. Jonathan and Enos Tart to be my true and lawful Executors to this my last Will and Testament Ratifying and confirming this and no other to beMy last will and Testament denying Revoking and disannuling all other Wills or Testaments by me heretofore made done or executed either by word or writing In Witnefs whereofI have brount to set my hand and Enterechangeably affixed my Seal this Eighteenth day of January and in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and one and in the Twenty fifth year of American Independancy. Enos Tart (Seal) Archibald Kerby his James. X.Grantham mark his Andrew. A. Berry Senr mark Recorded in Will Book 1, Page 14 Sworn to on May 1, 1801 - Hugh Giles Ordy. M. D. Role No. 767 Subj: [SCMARION-L] Re: [SCMARION] Britton family Date: 11-Mar-00 11:25:44 AM Eastern Standard Time From: JoChurchD@aol.com Reply-to: SCMARION-L@rootsweb.com To: SCMARION-L@rootsweb.com .............Marion County SC Deedbook D page 176; on 2 Feb 1795 Samuel Pouncey of Georgetown Dist sold 50 acres of land, including land he lived on, to Enos Tart. The land was on NE side of Pee Dee river near Bair Branch, and a chain of title was given: part of 100a grant to William Middleton 21 Apr 1775... sold to William Rickets & from Rices (sic) to Peter Tilor to William Patrick to Jessey Patrick to William Hughs to Saml Pouncey to Enos Tart...(From "Marion County, South Carolina Abstracts of Deeds, Volume One, Books A - E. 1800 - 1811" abstracted by Lucille Utley, published by Alita White Sutcliffe.) ==== Samuel Smith ==== iv. Samuel Smith11, born 1 May 1753 in Prince Frederick, Winyaw, SC12; died April 184313; married Mollie Rice; born Abt. 1755. Notes for Samuel Smith: Baptized May 29, 1753.John (his father) calls him his eldest son in his will. John Smith's oldest son, Samuel, was born May 1, 1753 and died April, 1843.He married Mollie Rice.Gregg's "History of Old Cheraws", page 245 states that Samuel Smith was commissioned 2nd Lieutenant in Col. Powell's Regiment of Militia, St. Davido parish, 26th Day of September, 1775 and page 269 gives account of a battle between Long Island and Sullivans in which Lt. Smith took part."South Carolina in the Revolution, 1780-1783", by McCrady, page 359, states: "Samuel Smith listed a prisoner on Board the Schooner Pack Horse."Samuel Smith is buried in the old Smith Cemetery about three miles east of Latta, SC.The marker reads:"2nd L. Samuel Smith, Colonel Powell's Regiment---Rev. War".No dates are shown. Samuel Smith had three children.One daughter married Captain William Page, a son of Thomas Page.The otherdaughter, Elizabeth (Betsy), married Thomas Moody [NOT Robert Moody as Sellers states].The son, Samuel, was married twice;first to a miss Lane, daughter of Osborne Lane and second, to Sallie Hayes, daughter of Benjamin Hayes.(Betsy married Thomas Moody--Robert's brother.See notes for Thomas...bfb) the following was taken from the Marion cnty, SC Tax returns for 1786-Jesse Bryan (land ) 50 acres (negroes) (0)Willis Finklea 183 (a) (0) negroes- Saml. Gasque 100 (a) (0) negroes-James Johnson 25 (a) (0) negroes-Isaac Atlinson 425 (a) (0) negroes-Thomas Gasque 100 (a) (0) negroes-Joseph Jones 50 (0) negroes- Kphm Martin 200 (a) (0) negroes-John Smith 100 (a) (0) negroes-John Smith Sr. 1450 (a)(8) negroes-Samuel Smith 200 (a) (5) negroes OLD SMITH CEMETERY Highway # 917-3.2 Miles East of Latta, Dillon County, S. C. Now owned by Murray Rogers Copied December 1951 By D. L. E. McCollum 2 Lt. Samuel Smith/ Powell's/ Regt./ S. C. Mil./ Rev. War/ Several graves with wooden markers. Tradition informs us that John Deer, the noted Tory of Old Marion District, is buried here. Subj: Re: Martin family of Marion County Date: 11/15/99 10:50:52 AM Eastern Standard Time From: Hbmoody To: BBryan84 Bob, OK, for your information we found the Samuel Smith, Sr.Rev. soldier in the middle of a cow pasture on somebody's farm who I can't recall the name of it right now.I will have to ask my husband.I suppose at one time there were other markers there but they have let the cows have full reign and the only one left is the Samuel Smith marker.This is truly a shame.I am assuming the markers of this type were placed by some organization like DAR or DAC. We also found one for Charles Moody.The Samuel SmithSr.,and it says Sr.) is actually Jr that the marker is in the Smith Cemetery in Smithboro. Helen More About Samuel Smith: Burial: Old Smith Cemetery, 3 miles east of Latta, SC. Marriage Notes for Samuel Smith and Mollie Rice: Marriage documented in History of Old Cheraws. ==== John Smith V ==== v. John Smith V14, born 1756 in Craven County, SC (Now Marion County)15; died 1825 in Marion District, SC15; married Sarah Ann (Sallie) Godbold Abt. 178116; born Abt. 1750 in Georgetown District, SC16; died 1843 in Marion District, SC16. Notes for John Smith V: Contributed to the Marion County SCGenWeb site by: Roberta Hayes King 2 May 2000 WILL OF JOHN SMITH (State of South Carolina Marion District) In the name of God amen I John Smith of the State and District aforesaid Having Advanced in years Knowing the frailly of Human Life the venture and uncertainty of it but being of perfect Sound memory do Here by Declare this my Last will and testament and first of all Give my sole unto the Hands of the almighty God that give it me and my Body I recommend to the Earth to be buried at the discretion of my Heirs and Executors and my Worldly Estate to be Disposed of In following manner and Form that is to Say After my death I give unto my belved Wife Francis Smith all my Lands and plantations and after Her death all my Land to go to James D Turner hir Son Except She should have and Heir Borned in the time prescribed in Law after my Death If she has my Land to be Equal Divided Betwen it and her Son Before mentions What item at my Death I give to my Belvd Wife Francis all of my hous hould and kitchen funer Horses Cattle Hogs and plantation tools at the decretion of my Executor Who as my Wife Francis Smith who I appint to be my whole and Sole Executor of my Last will and testament I do hereby Declre Latify and confirm this and no other to be my Last will and testament In Witnefs where of I have here unto Set my Hand and Seale this twelveth day of December In the year of our Lord one Thousand Eight Hundred and twenty fore Sined and Seeled In the presents of ----------------------- William S hannahJohn Smith (SEAL) Benjamin Turner her Elizabeth I Turner mark Recorded in Will Book 1, Page 16 Recorded Oct 1, 1853 Role No. 733 ==== James Smith ==== vi. James Smith17, born Bef. 1762. ==== Martha Smith Finklea ==== vii. Martha Smith17, born Abt. 1750; married Willis Finklea Abt. 1772; born Abt. 174618; died 28 August 1837 in Monroe County, AL18. Notes for Martha Smith: From: ednaray@tstar.net (Edna H Cheatham), 2/22/98 Reply-to: SCMARION-L@rootsweb.com To: SCMARION-L@rootsweb.com ('SCMARION-L@rootsweb.com') Another Willis FINKLEA: s. ca 1746, d. 28 Aug 1837 Monroe Co AL; m. ca 1772 Martha Smith, daughter of John and Mary ? Smith. The 1790 census for Georgetown Dist, Prince George Parish indicates Willis is head of a household of 11 members. Known children were: John, Willis, Jr., Thomas, and Samuel J. Edna Cheatham ednaray@tstar.net Notes for Willis Finklea: From: ednaray@tstar.net (Edna H Cheatham), 2/22/98 Reply-to: SCMARION-L@rootsweb.com To: SCMARION-L@rootsweb.com ('SCMARION-L@rootsweb.com') Another Willis FINKLEA: s. ca 1746, d. 28 Aug 1837 Monroe Co AL; m. ca 1772 Martha Smith, daughter of John and Mary ? Smith. The 1790 census for Georgetown Dist, Prince George Parish indicates Willis is head of a household of 11 members. Known children were: John, Willis, Jr., Thomas, and Samuel J. < Edna Cheatham, ednaray@tstar.net the following was taken from the Marion cnty, SC Tax returns for 1786-Jesse Bryan (land ) 50 acres (negroes) (0)Willis Finklea 183 (a) (0) negroes- Saml. Gasque 100 (a) (0) negroes-James Johnson 25 (a) (0) negroes-Isaac Atlinson 425 (a) (0) negroes-Thomas Gasque 100 (a) (0) negroes-Joseph Jones 50 (0) negroes- Kphm Martin 200 (a) (0) negroes-John Smith 100 (a) (0) negroes-John Smith Sr. 1450 (a)(8) negroes-Samuel Smith 200 (a) (5) negroes ==== Cealey Smith Harrelson ==== viii. Cealey Smith19, born 2 January 1739/40 in Marion District, SC20; died 21 December 185420; married Benjamin Harrelson 2 January 176821; born Bet. 1735 - 174021; died Aft. 184022. Notes for Cealey Smith: Dianne Moore has her name as Celia. ==== Mourning Smith Bryant ==== Mourning Smith1, born Abt. 1758 in Georgetown District, SC2; died 1841 in Marion County, SC.She was the daughter of 2. John Smith IV and 3. Mary Johns.She married (1) Jesse Bryan, Sr Abt. 1771 in Georgetown District, SC.He was born Abt. 1746 in Unknown, and died 7 November 1822 in Marion County, SC3. Notes for Mourning Smith: According to information from Michael Hugh Bryant of Clearwater, the children of Jesse Bryan, Sr. and Mourning Smith spelled their name "Bryant".This is not shown in the data compiled by Gus and Ruby Bryan of Opp, AL, however, it is corroborated by the spelling in the 1860 census of Covington County, AL for Jesse Bryant. !NOTES:Info gathered by Ruby Bryan of Opp, AL."Mourning Smith Bryan was born in the Georgetown District about 1758.She was the daughter of John Smith IV born about 1710 in Chowan County, NC.John Smith IV died in 1802.He had settled on Buck Swamp before the Revolutionary War.He was married three times. First to Abigail Commander, second to Jane Ford, and third to Mourning Bryan's mother Mary ____(maiden name not recorded). John Smith III was born in York County, Virginia in 1683.He died in Chowan County, NC.He married in 1709, Ann Jasper who was born about 1690 and died after 1732.Ann was the daughter of Richard Jasper.John Smith III and Ann Jasper were the parents of John Smith IV. John Smith II and his wife, Elizabeth ____, were the parents of John Smith III. The above John Smith was born in the Isel of Wight, Virginia in 1640 and died there after 1683. John Smith II and wife Elizabeth were married 1680. The parents of John Smith I were William Smith and Ann.John Smith I was born in England in 1614, died in Isle of Wight, VA after 1694.He married Ann Jones, born about 1620, and died after 1694.Ann was the daughter of Anthony Jones who in his will of 1694 left 2,000 acres of land in Chowan Co, NC to his grandsons John II and Thomas Smith. William Smith born in England about 1590 died in Isle of Wight, VA before Sept 1645, came to VA about 1621.He was a cousin of Langrave Thomas Smith of SC, and also of the Smiths who settled in Boston.William Smith married Ann ____ born about 1595 in England.William and Ann married in England in 1609. She later married second, Anthony Jones and married third Nathaniel Bacon, Sr. [The above information was found in book SEVENTH CENTURY ISLE OF WIGHT, VIRGINIA by Boddie, pages 253, 254, 535, 614m 573, 602, 516, 573, 517. Another book NORTH CAROLINA HISTORICAL AND GENEALOGICAL REGISTER, Vol 2, No 1, p 151.Will of John Smith IV in Marion County, SC.Will by Richard Jasper and of Anthony Jones, Chowan Co, NC. Mourning's birth date is shown as 1763 in the book, "Allen and Allied Families", page 17. Middle name may have been Nancy (according to FGR from Joan R. Cardon, 443 N. Hobson Plaza, Meza, AZ85203, phone 602-962-9166) To: SCMARION-L@rootsweb.com From MarionSC mail list, 5/21/98: Jo H. wrote: << Jo...hi!If Solomon and Smithy Huggins' children were: Mary Annborn 5 Oct 1829 Mourning Carolinaborn 20 Aug 1831 Nancy born 27 Oct 1835 Clarissaborn 12 Aug 1837 Johnborn 24 Aug 1839 Ann Elizaborn 22 Jun 1843 then my understanding of the name "Mourning" is wrong.I read somewhere (on the internet, so not so reliable?) that the name was given to a child whose mother had died during the birth.>> Reply from Jo C: Not necessarily. But in this case she would seem to be named for her mother's mother. Smithy Bryant Huggins was daughter of Jesse Bryant Sr and Mourning Smith per probate records of Jesse Bryant Sr, and per will of Mourning Smith Bryant's father John Smith who died c1799/1800. Perhaps Mourning Smith Bryant was named for a dead mother? I have seen reports that John Smith was married at least two times, perhaps three. There are Bryant and Smith researchers on the list who know much more about those families than I do. Hi! back, Jo... Jo C. Subj: [SCMARION-L] Aaron Martin vs Mourning Bryant Date: 3/9/99 12:36:10 PM Eastern Standard Time From: Bertienc@aol.com Reply-to: SCMARION-L@rootsweb.com To: SCMARION-L@rootsweb.com Ref: Marion Co. Probate, pg8, #27. Aaron Martin et ux et al vs. Mourning Bryant and others. Bill for Relief and Injunction. Filed 5 Jan 1834 (or 1838). Aaron Martin and Elizabeth his wife, William Bryant, Willis Finklea and Mary his wife, David *Perritt and Sally his wife, Needham Perritt and Citsy his wife, Henry Gasque and Milly his wife, Jonathan Harrell and Mourning his wife and Solomon Huggins and Smithy his wife, that Jesse Bryant of Marion Dist. died 1822 testate, that he appointed Aaron Martin of Marion Dist. and Jesse Bryant, one of the defendants, exors thereof. Among other things testator bequeathed as follows, " I give to my beloved wife Mourning Bryant all the remainingpart of my estate real and personal her lifetime and at her death my whole estate to be divided amongst my surviving children, vis: Elizabeth Martin, William Bryant, James Bryant, Jesse Bryant, Mary Finklea, Sally *Perrett, Mourning Harrell, Citsy Perrett, Milly Gasque and Smithy Bryant." The widow Mourning Bryant took possession of the whole of his personal estate except a negro girl named Iris (?) bequeathed to his daughter Smithy. She (Mourning) has wasted and mismanaged the estate. *(Perritt/Perrett). Maybe someone can glean something from this. Alexander Brown married Eleanor "Nellie" Gasque d/o Henry and Milly Gasque, part of my MC Browns. Roberta Hayes King Notes for Jesse Bryan, Sr: He lived on a plantation located on Catfish Creek between the little Pee Dee and the Big Pee Dee Rivers.It was all beautiful, level swamp land.He owned several slaves.Jesse made his will in 1818 and died Nov. 7, 1822.His will was not probated until 1828. The parents of Jesse Bryan are not known at this time.The following men are listed in the 1810 census of Marion County, SC and lived near Jesse:Sylas Bryan, Joel Bryan, and Lemuel Bryan.They are the right ages to be his brothers but this has not been established. The will of John Smith IV, the father-in-law of Jesse Bryan(t), mentions an "Arce (?) Bryant living on a tract of 104 acres of land belonging to Smith located on Catfish Creek.This land was bequeathed to his daughter, Ann Berry, along with with one negro woman named Dinah and various other possessions.It is not known if this Arce Bryan(t) is related to Jesse. Some records show his name as "Jesse Bryant" or Jesse Bryant, Jr.According to information from Virginia Rogers Smith, Bowman, SC, (provided by Linda D. Smith, 1000 Cold Branch Drive, Columbia, SC 29223)Jesse served in the Revolutionary War. W. W. Sellers in "A History of Marion County", 1902,has the following: The Bryant family is an old family.Jesse Bryant is said to have been the first of that name in the county;he came from England, as it is said;he married a Miss Turbeville, supposed to have been the sister of Rev. William Turbeville, who, according to Bishop Gregg (pp. 70 and 71), came over about 1735, and settled at Sandy Bluff, on the Great Pee Dee, with the colony then and there settled, as their minister."Several brothers came with him, of whom sone descendants are now to be found in Marion."It may be presumed that sisters came too, and that one of them married old Jesse Bryant.Old Jesse had sons, William, Stephen and Jesse.Of these, William married Rebecca Miller;he lived and died some twenty-five or thirty years ago, on the road just above Ebenezer Church at the age of eighty-nine.Whether William, Stephen, or Jesse was the oldest, is not known.Jesse Bryant, son of the first Jesse, went West. Old Billy Bryant raised a large family, four sons and several daughters.Of the sons, John M. Bryant was the oldest;he died some years ago at the age of eighty-three;he married a Miss Drew, below Marion, and raised a large family--sons. Eli, Solomon, David, Pinckney and Hugh Bryant;and daughters, Mrs. David Johnson, Mrs. Hardy Johnson and Mrs. Addison Lane.Eli Bryant went West.Solomon Bryant married a daughter of Rev. David Edwards, first, and then a Miss McDonald.I do not know who David married;he has a son, named Curtis Bryant.Pinckney Bryant married, had a large family and is dead;I don't know who his wife was.Hugh Bryant married a daughter of the late Rev. David Edwards, and has a family;these are now our fellow-citizens, and are contributing their share towards populating and improving the conditions of the county.John M. Bryant was a solid, number one man, honest, truthful and reliable.Stephen Bryant was the father or grand-father of F. D. Bryant, Esq, of the Marion Bar.One of the daughters of the first Jesse was the wife of the late Charles Taylor.One of the sons of old William Bryant, named William, was a Baptist preacher;he went to Horry, and became the head of a family there.Also, did Stephen, the father of F. D. Bryant.The writer is not reasonably certain that this account of the Bryant family is correct in every particular--it is, however, in accord with the information obtained. !NOTES:The name Bryant was sometimes spelled Bryan. It was spelled Bryan when Jesse Bryan signed his will.His son Jesse signed his named spelled Bryan and so did his grandson Giles Bryan. Will of Jesse Bryant, p 213, Marion Co SC Wills.Mentions 11 children and his wife Morning.He made his will in 1818 and died 7 Nov 1822; however the will was not probated until 1828.Jesse Bryant married Mourning Smith and according to his will the following are their children:Elizabeth, born in 1772, married Aaron Martin; William, born 1774, married Rebecca Miller; James Jesse, Jr., married Elizabeth Johnson; Mary married John Finklea; Sallie married David Perritt, (a soldier of War of 1812); Mourning married Jonathan Harrell; Citsy married Needham Perritt; Milly married Henry Gasque; and an unmarried daughter who later married Solomon Huggins. Jesse was born about 1750 and wife Mourning Smith married about 1770.She was the daughter of John Smith IV and Mary Johns.John Smith furnished supplies to soldiers in the Revolutionary War and therefore can be used as a Revolutionary ancestor on joining the Daughters of the American Revolution. (This info was furnished and written by Ruby Bryan of Opp, AL. Will of Jesse Bryant (Copied from 3 Rivers Chronicle, Volume XX, Number 2EE, Summer, 1999) In the name of God, Amen. I Jesse Bryant of Marion District in the State of South Carolina being very weak in body but of perfect mind and memory, Thanks be to God therefore calling to mind the mortality of my body and knowing that it is appointed for all men once to die do make and ordain this my last Will and testament that is to say my principally and first of all I give and recommend my sole into hands of Almighty God that gave it and my body Irecommend to the Earth to be buried in decent christian burial at thediscretion of my Executors Nothing doubting but at the general resurrection Ishall receive the same again by the Mighty power of God and as touching suchworldly estate wherewith it hath pleased God to bless me with in this life Igive demise and depose of the same in the following manner & form. First I give and bequeath to my beloved daughter Smithy one negro Girl named Jin. and the plantation where I now reside on Catfish Creek. Also I give to my well beloved wife Mourning Briant all the remainder part of my Estate real and personal her lifetime and at her death my whole estate to be equally divided among my surviving children vis Elizabeth Martin, Wm Briant, Jas Briant, Jesse Briant, Mary Finklea, Sally Perritt, Mourning Harrell, Citsy Perritt, Milly Gasque, Smithy Briant to be equally divided among them share and share alike. I likewise constitute make and ordain my son Jim Briant and my soninlaw Aaron Martin sole Executors of this my last will and testament In witnefs whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal this 24th day of February 1818 and in the forty 2nd year of American Independence Signed Sealed published pronounced and declared by the said Jefse Briant to be and contain his last will and testament in the presents of us who in his presence and in the presence of each other have hereunto subscribed our names. Jesse Bryant (Seal) James Crawford Levi Hays Willis Finklea Recorded in Will Book 1, Roll No. 33, page 204 Original Will missing Recorded June 15, 1829 Thomas Harllee Ordinary From Dianne Moore, June, 1998 In the Marion Co., SC, deed and equity books, there is record of Aaron and Elizabeth contesting the will and division of the estate of Elizabeth's father, Jesse Bryant.It appears that Mourning, Jesse's wife and Elizabeth's mother, sold property to her son, William, which was bounded on the west side by Aaron Martin's property.The children of Jesse and Mourning (with their spouses) contested the sale and the division of estate.Commissioners were appointed by the court to divide the estate and the heirs agreed to abide by the decision of the Commissioners. At the conclusion of the Commissioners review, Elizabeth Martin was given an amount due from her husband, Aaron.When the property was sold, Aaron Martin was one of the purchasers.He received 1 tract of land for $175.00. In the copy of Deed in Roll # 116, roll # 33, and roll # 904 1/2, : "We, Elizabeth Martin, William Bryant, James Bryant, Jesse Bryant, David Perritt, Needham Perritt, Jonathan Harrell, Henry Gasque and Smith Huggins wife of Solomon Huggins, legatees under the will of the late Jesse Bryant decd. to whom certain property after death of Mourning Bryant was by the will of Jesse Adkinson, shall claim an equal share with the rest of the heirs viz. Hugh Adkinson, Jesse Adkinson, Ebenezer Adkins, Sarah Ann Godbold wife of Vincent and also the children of Mary Finklea to wit 4 in number.Witness our hands and etc." "We the heirs and legatees of Jesse Bryant decd solemnly swear and affirm that we will stand to and abide by the award and arbitrament of the named commissioners on the settlement of the estate.Before me, Mr. I. Watson, being substituted in place of Col. Durant.Signed:Elizabeth martin, William Bryant, James Bryan, Jesse Adkinson, Solomon Huggins, Henry Gasque, David Perritt and Elly Finklea.Before Edwd. B. Wheeler, CCP, 12 Nov. 1845." "Mourning Bryant in consideration of $310 paid by my son, William Bryant, planter, tract of land containing 310 acres more or less, it being land that M. Bryant bought at sheriff sale 6 Sept. 1830 bounded on south by Susan Tart; west by Aaron Martin; east by John Deer land; north by Willis Finklea, Sr. land.24 Feby 1840.Signed:Mourning Bryant.Witnesses:Jesse Lee and B. Moody.Probated 18 March 1845. We the commissioners, have --- that this deed is of no force and, therefore, null and void and, consequently, have brought the land which purpots so have conveyed into the division. Nov. 14, 1845.B.K. Henagen, A.L. Scarborough, R.H. Reaves, Isham Watson and E. Egett." "Commissioners:Dr. Henagan, A.L. Scarborough, W.W. Durant, R.H. Reaves and E. Legett to divide estate 12 Nov. 1845.We Commissioners selected by the heirs of Jesse Bryant, Sr. and Mourning Bryan to divide the estate of Jesse Bryant and Mourning Bryant by leave respectifully to report follows:We find the estate above mentioned to be worth $6,665.45 as per exhibits A, B, C, D.Division among eleven legatees.Adjustments among heirs.1.Wm. Bryan2.James Bryan3.Jesse Bryan4.Elizabeth Martin amt due by A. Martin5.heirs of Ann Adkinson6.heirs of Mary Finklea7.David Perritt8.Needam Perritt9.Jonathan Harrell10.Henry Gasque and 11. Solumon Huggins. Notes:Widows note, Willis Fincklea, Wm. Bryant, Aron Martin, Moody note, McDaniel and Jones." "Sales recorded in Sales Book A, page 51.Purchasers:Mourning Bryant, Aaron Martin, Willis Fincklea, William Bryant and Randal McDaniel:(No date)" "Sale of land of Jesse Breyan.1 tract sold to widow where she lives $525.00.1 tract to Willis Fincklea $275.00.1 tract to Wm. Bryant $241.00.1 tract to Aaron Martin $175.00 and 1 tract to Randall McDaniel $60.00.Sales Book A, page 50.Jesse Adkinson 13 Nov. 1845.Rec'd from Commissioners share of Ann Adkinson $601.00.Received $601.40 as share of Mary Fincklea signed Elly Finckle.Receipt of $601.40 as share of William Bryan 14 Nov. 1845.Rec'd from Commr. his share of estate of Jesse Bryan 14 Nov. 1845 signed James Bryan.Rec'd from Commissioners her share of Jesse Bryan Estate $601.40.Signed Elizabeth Martin.Witness by John Collins 14 Nov. 1845........" Sources 1.Genealogy of Wade B. Campbell, Greenville, SC. 2.Genealogy of Gus and Ruby Bryan, Opp, AL. 3.Marion Co., SC, Deed Book.Roll # 116, Roll # 33, and Roll # 904 1/2. 4.Marion Co., SC, Sales Book.A, pg. 51. Marion cnty, SC Tax returns for 1786-Jesse Brian (land ) 50 acres (negroes) (0) Subj: [SCMARION-L] Aaron Martin vs Mourning Bryant Date: 3/9/99 12:36:10 PM Eastern Standard Time From: Bertienc@aol.com Reply-to: SCMARION-L@rootsweb.com To: SCMARION-L@rootsweb.com Ref: Marion Co. Probate, pg8, #27. Aaron Martin et ux et al vs. Mourning Bryant and others. Bill for Relief and Injunction. Filed 5 Jan 1834 (or 1838). Aaron Martin and Elizabeth his wife, William Bryant, Willis Finklea and Mary his wife, David *Perritt and Sally his wife, Needham Perritt and Citsy his wife, Henry Gasque and Milly his wife, Jonathan Harrell and Mourning his wife and Solomon Huggins and Smithy his wife, that Jesse Bryant of Marion Dist. died 1822 testate, that he appointed Aaron Martin of Marion Dist. and Jesse Bryant, one of the defendants, exors thereof. Among other things testator bequeathed as follows, " I give to my beloved wife Mourning Bryant all the remainingpart of my estate real and personal her lifetime and at her death my whole estate to be divided amongst my surviving children, vis: Elizabeth Martin, William Bryant, James Bryant, Jesse Bryant, Mary Finklea, Sally *Perrett, Mourning Harrell, Citsy Perrett, Milly Gasque and Smithy Bryant." The widow Mourning Bryant took possession of the whole of his personal estate except a negro girl named Iris (?) bequeathed to his daughter Smithy. She (Mourning) has wasted and mismanaged the estate. *(Perritt/Perrett). Maybe someone can glean something from this. Alexander Brown married Eleanor "Nellie" Gasque d/o Henry and Milly Gasque, part of my MC Browns. Roberta Hayes King Marion District, SC Deed book F, page 271, 17 Jul 1813 Mary Johnson, Sherid Johnson, Benjamin Johnson, John Turbeville, William Turbeville, Unity Woods, Robert Moody, Jessey Bryan and Enos Tart to Samuel Johnson for $305, 172 a part of 200 a grant to Samuel Johnson, Sr., decd on 14 Sep 1789 and other grant to John Owens 1 Sep 1770 for 100a.Wit:Thomas moody, Roger Moody.Signed Mary (x) Johnson, Sherid (x) Johnson, Benjamin (B) Johnson, John (x) Turbeville, William (x) Turbeville, Unity (x) Woods, Jesse Bryan, Enos Tart. martygra@icomnet.com on 8 Aug 1997. 1800 Marion District Census: Head of Household: BRIAN, JESSE Males 0-9 0 10-15 1 16-25 2 26-44 0 45&up 1 Female 0-9 4 10-15 2 16-25 1 26-44 1 45&up 0 Other 0 Slave 0 1800 Marion District Census: Stamped Page Number:452, Handwritten Page No: 796 Transcribed by Marty Grant, September 1999. [http://www.martygrant.com/gen/refs/marion1800.htm|MartyGrant.com] [http://www.genealogy.com/ftm/b/r/y/Bobby-F-Bryan/GENE6-0002.html| Genealogy.com - Bobby F. Bryan] == Sources == Endnotes: 1.Will, Mentioned in father's will. 2.Ruby Bryan supplied information 3.Will of Jesse Bryant, p 213, Marion Co SC Wills 4.virginia Rogers Smith, Bowman, SC;via Linda D.Smith, Columbia, SC , 2/17/95 5.Virginia Rogers Smith, Bowman, SC;via Linda D.Smith, Columbia, SC , 2/17/95 6.Will, Mentioned in father's will. 7.virginia Rogers Smith, Bowman, SC;via Linda D.Smith, Columbia, SC , 2/17/95 8.Dianne Moore info 9.Will, Mentioned in father's will. 10.virginia Rogers Smith, Bowman, SC;via Linda D.Smith, Columbia, SC , 2/17/95;also info from Diane Moore 11.Will, Mentioned in father's will. 12.virginia Rogers Smith, Bowman, SC;via Linda D.Smith, Columbia, SC , 2/17/95;also info from Diane Moore 13.Seller's History of Marion County, 496. 14.Will, Mentioned in father's will. 15.virginia Rogers Smith, Bowman, SC;via Linda D.Smith, Columbia, SC , 2/17/95 16.Joan Cardon Pedigree Chart in Pee Dee Queue, July-August, 1988. 17.Will, Mentioned in father's will. 18.See notes. 19.Will, Mentioned in father's will. 20.Dianne Moore info 21.Dan Griggs Internet Web Page @ [http://www.lineage.net/family.htm.| Lineage.net] 22.Will, See notes. 23.Hathaway NC Historical and Genealogical Register 24.Dianne Moore info 25.Seventeenth Century Isle of Wight VA, by Boddie, 254. 26.Boddie's "Isle of Wight County, VA" 27.Dianne Moore info

This free space profile captures the extensive and detailed genealogy for Joseph Beebe, written by Randolph Beebe. Archived 22 July 2021. This detailed genealogy was written solely by Mr. Beebe between 28 Aug 2017 and 20 Jan 2021. == Biography == The family history of Joseph Beebe of New London, Connecticut has long remained the most mysterious of the early generations of the North American Beebes. Clarence Beebe in his 1904 ''Monograph of the Family of Beebe,'' writes that it is certain that Joseph is either the son of one of the five original Beebe brothers or perhaps one of their grandsons. He then goes on to make some guesses regarding Joseph's parents, but then basically states that he does not think his parentage guesses are correct. Furthermore, the New London Barbour record contains a self-conflicted data record regarding Joseph Beebe's marriage. The Barbour record states that both Joseph Beebe and Jonathan Beebe married Elizabeth Graves on 26 Dec 1706, but then also attributes the mother of Joseph's children to have been a woman named Mehitable. Then to further add to the confusion surrounding Joseph Beebe, Augustus Griffin, states in in his Griffin's Journal that it was Joseph Beebe who was the patriarch of the Long Island Beebe family; but this too is misinformation. Each passing generation of Beebe genealogists has made a serious effort to sort out the correct family structure for Joseph, but to this date, no one has been able to piece together the seemingly conflicting data into a cohesive and cogent picture. However in the past few years, a number of new primary and secondary information sources have been discovered and added to the repertoire of biographic information which allow the genealogist to compile a a far more complete and accurate biography for Joseph than was previously possible. The first of these document is the birth record for Joseph Beebe found in the town records of Fairfield, Connecticut, and this document unambiguously establishes that is was James Beebe, the youngest of the five Beebe brothers, who was the father of Joseph, and that Joseph was born on 11 July 1679 at Fairfield, Connecticut. ---> Joseph Beebe, son of James Beebe was born 11 Jul 1679 in Fairfield, Connecticut. Joseph's date of birth occurs after the death of his father James' first wife Mary Boltwood in 19 Aug 1676, but prior to James' marriage to Sarah Benedict in 19 Dec 1679. Hence, either Joseph, and his brother James also born in Fairfield on 11 July 1677, were born illegitimate or James Beebe Sr. had married yet another wife, in between Mary and Sarah, who would have died as a result of the birth of Joseph; given how frequently young women died in childbirth during this era along with the prevailing attitudes and socially enforced marriage norms, it seems most probable that James did indeed have a third, intermediate wife. However, no documentation has been found to support this assertion. Therefore, at the moment it is uncertain whom is the mother of Joseph and James. Given that Joseph was born in July of 1679 and that Sarah Benedict married his father James Beebe Sr. in December of that same year, the model used in this Wikitree profile to explain the known facts is that James and Joseph were illegitimate, and that Sarah Benedict is their mother (though the "intermediate wife" theory might be more probable). Therefore, Sarah Benedict has been assigned as the mother of both James and Joseph Beebe, however (as of Dec 2017) no documentation has been found to support this assertion and there is a good chance that it is incorrect. It is not clear how long Joseph lived in Fairfield, Connecticut, however there is no mention of Joseph Beebe in the Joshua Hempstead New London based diary prior to 11 Aug 1728; then after 1728 date, Joseph Beebe appears in Joshua's diary numerous times until his death in 1756. Likewise, the New London Church records do not have any entries for Joseph or Mehetible Beebe prior the the 1728 baptisms, and then similar to Hempstead, the New London church record has an active history of entries for Joseph Beebe from about 1728 until 1741. This would provide circumstantial support to the notion that Joseph did not move to New London until the summer of 1728 or sometime shortly before that. However, the New London Barbour Collection of town records, a primary source, tells a different story as it records the birth of the first five children of Joseph as New London events and the first of these births was for Joseph Beebe Jr. on 4 Dec 1707 , this is a very a strong piece of evidence indicating that Joseph and Meheteble were living in New London prior to 1707. However, some historians have noted that it was not uncommon for the birth records of children to be recorded in a city to which they removed even if it was not their birthplace; and that may be the case with the children of Joseph. In any case prior to early 1707, Joseph marries a woman named Mehetabel, surname unknown, either in Fairfield or New London. The only record found to date (Dec 2017) with a suggestion as to the identity of this Mehetabel is the Clifford Beebe Genealogy written in 1996; this genealogy suggests Joseph's first wife was named Mehetabel White, but offers no documentation to support this assertion. The New London Barbour Collection adds much confusion to Joseph Beebe's family records as it notes a marriage of Jonathan Beebe to Elizabeth Graves on 26 Dec 1706 in the BEEBE section of the record but then records this same event as the marriage of Joseph Beebe to Elizabeth Graves on 26 Dec 1706 in the GRAVES section. Earlier Genealogists have favored Joseph as Elizabeth Graves' husband, but it does not fit at all well with the facts as recorded in the primary source record. Refer to the Research Notes at the bottom of this profile where a case is made that Elizabeth Graves actually married Jonathan, as shown in the Barbour Record, and that the first wife of Joseph was an entirely different woman by the name of Mehetabel. It is a much stronger argument and has been applied to this profile. Joseph and Mehetable were the parents of nine children as follows: Joseph (1707- ), Jonathan (1709- ), Ephraim (1712- ), Stephen (1714- ), Mehetable (before 1728- ), Elisha (before 1728- ), David (before 1728- ), Simeon (before 1728- ), and Abigail (before 1728- ). Joshua Hempstead records that an infant son of Joseph Beebe, died on 1 Dec 1729 and that Joseph's wife, not named, but presumably Mehetable, died shortly thereafter on, 4 April 1730. As a side note, the New London First Congregational Church records a family baptism for Abigail, David, Elisha, Jonathan, Mehetabel, Simeon, and Stephen on 20 October 1728, and Joshua Hempstead also records the same event in his diary, but with a slightly different list of names: Abigail, David, Japhet, Mehetibel, Stephen, and Jonathan. Joshua's list is short Elisha and Simeon, but adds Japhet. Japhet could be an alternate name for Elisha or Simeon, or just an error, but clearly was not an additional child of Joseph per the New London church record. The official church log is clearly the more reliable document in this case, nevertheless this diary entry did have the effect of adding the name Japhet Beebe to Joseph's lineage on many Beebe family trees. With a house full of children and no help, Joseph turns to Elizabeth (Camp) Fergo, the recently widowed wife of his deceased neighbor, Moses Fergo, and they are married on 26 April 1731 in New London. Joseph and Elizabeth go on to have four additional children, Elisabeth, Patience, Mary, and Thaddeus whom were all noted as the children of Joseph and Elizabeth at their baptism at the First Congregational Church of New London on 26 Oct 1740. The mine, yours and ours household of Joseph and Elizabeth Beebe would have included 19 children without spouses or grandchildren. Joseph Beebe was a farmer and land owner and had several land dealings with Joshua Hempstead. On 4 Dec 1756, Joshua Hempstead records in his diary that "old Joseph Beebe Dyed aged 70 odd". A quick calculation based on Joseph's 1679 birth date, reveals that Joseph would have been 77 at his death. Even though all of the children from both his first and second marriage were baptized in the New London Church, and both of his wives were baptized and admitted as members of the church, there is no record that Joseph ever joined the church. In fact, in the records for the family baptism for his children; Abigail, Stephen, David, Elisha, Simeon, and Mehetabel Joseph (though demonstrably alive) is not mentioned , the event is recorded in association with only the name of his wife Meheteble, and this seems very odd. All other baptismal records in the Church record document baptisms using either the father's name or both father and mothers name to establish identity. This female parentage identification for a church sacrament only happened to Joseph and it was likely no accident. It is possible Joseph had something against the church, however it is more likely, though pure speculation, that this document artifact was the result of a church practice to deny certain rights to persons of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colonial_American_bastardy_laws illegitimate] birth. Other circumstantial evidence affirming Joseph Beebe to be the son of James Beebe: Joseph's brother [[Beebe-2305|James Beebe]] named his first son Joseph Beebe (after his brother as he was the only Joseph Beebe living in North Amercia at the time), and this son [[Beebe-2306|Joseph Beebe]], of Danbury, Connecticut, then married [[Fergo-7|Sarah Fergo]] , the step daughter of Joseph Beebe, his uncle, now of New London, Connecticut. [[Fergo-7|Sarah Fergo]] was about 2 years of age when her mother [[Camp-228|Elizabeth (Camp) Fergo]] married Joseph Beebe and the family connection between her stepfather Joseph Beebe and his nephew (also) Joseph Beebe, who was living in Danbury, Conn. on the other side of the state is clearly the link which would have provided Sarah Fergo the opportunity to have been introduced to and ultimately married [[Beebe-2306|Joseph Beebe]], the son of her stepfather's brother James Beebe. ---- End of Biography. ---- ==Genealogical Records== The following section of this profile provides detailed information found in the collected information sources. The purpose of this section is to provide the reader access to the information contained within the cited sources; to examine the genealogical record for areas of data corroboration and conflict, and to establish a hierarchy of reliability for the cited information. In addition, this section provides a platform to analyze, cross-correlate, and comment on important aspects of the cited historical data record. ===Birth and Baptismal Records=== *Primary Source, ''Connecticut Town Birth Records, pre-1870 ( [[Space:The Barbour Collection|The Barbour Collection]]), Fairfield Co., Conn'' White, Lorraine, Connecticut Town Birth Records, pre-1870 ( [[Space:The Barbour Collection|The Barbour Collection]]), Fairfield Vital Records from Barbour, 1639-1850. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006. White, Lorraine Cook, ed. The Barbour Collection of Connecticut Town Vital Records. Vol. 1-55. Baltimore, MD, USA: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1994-2002. [http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&dbid=1034&h=585051&tid=&pid=&usePUB=true&_phsrc=CjB3157&_phstart=successSource Joseph Beebe birth record] and [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/1034/VBMDUSACT1634_0012-0023?pid=585051&backurl=http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv%3D1%26dbid%3D1034%26h%3D585051%26tid%3D%26pid%3D%26usePUB%3Dtrue%26_phsrc%3DCjB3157%26_phstart%3DsuccessSource&treeid=&personid=&hintid=&usePUB=true&_phsrc=CjB3157&_phstart=successSource&usePUBJs=true Joseph Beebe birth in Barbour] or from Fairfield Vital Records from Barbour, 1639-1850 - A-B, Transcribed by Coralynn Brown free Barbour [http://dunhamwilcox.net/barbour/fairfield_barbour_a-b.htm here--scroll down to BEEBE]: Vital records for James Beebe from the Fairfield Connecticut Barbour Collection: :#) [http://dunhamwilcox.net/barbour/fairfield_barbour_a-b.htm Barbour Collection - Fairfield Connecticut by Brown] or [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/1034/VBMDUSACT1634_0012-0023?pid=585051&backurl=http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv%3D1%26dbid%3D1034%26h%3D585051%26tid%3D%26pid%3D%26usePUB%3Dtrue%26_phsrc%3DCjB3157%26_phstart%3DsuccessSource&treeid=&personid=&hintid=&usePUB=true&_phsrc=CjB3157&_phstart=successSource&usePUBJs=true Barbour Collection - Fairfield Connecticut by White at Ancestry.com Page 13:] Joseph Beebee son of James Beebe was born 11 Jul 1679 in Fairfield, Connecticut. :#) Also noted on this same Fairfield, CT Barbour record is the birth of his brother James Beebe (son of James) born 11 July 1677. ===Vital Records=== *Primary Source, ''[[Space:The Barbour Collection|The Barbour Collection]] of Connecticut Town Vital Records 1646-1854, New London, Vol 29'' ''[[Space:The Barbour Collection|The Barbour Collection]] of Connecticut Town Vital Records, New London 1646-1854, Vol 29'', Text available: :#) Print: ''The Barbour Collection of Connecticut Town Vital Records, New London 1646-1854, Vol 29,'' Compiled by Nancy E. Schott, General Editor Lorriaine Cook White, Genealogical Publishing Company, Baltimore, MD, 2000. Page 24 (In print, available at Amazon.com) :#) Free Online transcription: [http://dunhamwilcox.net/barbour/newlond_barbour_b1.htm New London, New London Co. CT, 1646 - 1854 Vital Records from Barbour,] Transcribed by Coralynn Brown. :#) Online at Ancestry. com: Connecticut Town Birth Records, pre-1870 (Barbour Collection) Ancestry.com online database. White, Lorraine Cook, ed. The Barbour Collection of Connecticut Town Vital Records. Vol. 1-55. Baltimore, MD, USA: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1994-2002. [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/1034/VBMDUSACT1634_0029-0032?pid=412328&backurl=https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?_phsrc%3DnaV4199%26_phstart%3DsuccessSource%26usePUBJs%3Dtrue%26indiv%3D1%26db%3Dctvitalsbarbour%26gsfn%3DAaron%26gsln%3DBeebe%26msbdy%3D1765%26msbpn__ftp%3Dnew%2520london,%2520connecticut,%2520usa%26msbpn%3D2160%26new%3D1%26rank%3D1%26redir%3Dfalse%26uidh%3Div1%26gss%3Dangs-d%26pcat%3D34%26fh%3D0%26h%3D412328%26recoff%3D6%25207%26ml_rpos%3D1&treeid=&personid=&hintid=&usePUB=true&_phsrc=naV4199&_phstart=successSource&usePUBJs=true Page 24; Image 24 of 469.] Data extract from New London CT Barbour Vital Record: :#) [http://dunhamwilcox.net/barbour/newlond_barbour_b1.htm Barbour Collection - New London; Brown. Scroll down to BEEBE:] or [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/1034/VBMDUSACT1634_0029-0032?pid=412328&backurl=https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?_phsrc%3DnaV4199%26_phstart%3DsuccessSource%26usePUBJs%3Dtrue%26indiv%3D1%26db%3Dctvitalsbarbour%26gsfn%3DAaron%26gsln%3DBeebe%26msbdy%3D1765%26msbpn__ftp%3Dnew%2520london,%2520connecticut,%2520usa%26msbpn%3D2160%26new%3D1%26rank%3D1%26redir%3Dfalse%26uidh%3Div1%26gss%3Dangs-d%26pcat%3D34%26fh%3D0%26h%3D412328%26recoff%3D6%25207%26ml_rpos%3D1&treeid=&personid=&hintid=&usePUB=true&_phsrc=naV4199&_phstart=successSource&usePUBJs=true Barbour Collection - New London; White (Ancestry.com) Page 24:] Children of Joseph and Mehetable Beebe: :##) Joseph Beebe, son of Joseph and Mehetable Beebe was born 4 Dec 1707 at New London, Connecticut. :##) Jonathan Beebe, son of Joseph and Mehetable Beebe was born 2 Mar 1709 at New London, Connecticut. :##) Ephraim Beebe, son of Joseph and Mehetable Beebe was born 5 May 1712 at New London, Connecticut. :##). Stephen Beebe, son of Joseph and Mehetable Beebe was born 13 July 1714 at New London, Connecticut. :##) Jonathan Beebe married Elizabeth Graves Dec 26, 1706 ''{Editorial this data item, linking Elizabeth Graves and Jonathan Beebe as husband and wife is recorded in the BEEBE section of the Barbour record. See Research Notes for additional comment.}'' :##) In the GRAVES section of the Barbour record, the following can be found: Elizabeth m. Joseph Beebe Dec 26, 1706. ''{Editorial this data item, linking Elizabeth Graves and Joseph Beebe as husband and wife has the identical date as the marriage of Jonathan Beebe and Elizabeth Graves in the BEEBE section of the Barbour record. See Research Notes for additional comment.}'' ===Church Records=== *Primary Source, [https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&dbid=3032&h=652835 ''Connecticut, Church Record Abstracts, 1630-1920, Volume 079 New London''] [https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&dbid=3032&h=652835 ''Connecticut, Church Record Abstracts, 1630-1920, Volume 079 New London''] [Ancestry.com. database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: 2013. Original data: Connecticut. Church Records Index. Connecticut State Library, Hartford, Connecticut. [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/3032/41107_620303988_0371-00031? Mehetable Beebe wife of Joseph] Data Summary from {{Ancestry Record|3032|652835 }}: The following items relating to Joseph and Mehetabel Beebe are cited in this reference: :#) [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/3032/41107_620303988_0371-00031? ''New London, CT Church Records;'' page 28, image 31 of 456:] Church records for Mehetable and Joseph Beebe and family: :##) Mehetable Beebe wife of Joseph Beebe was admitted to the church in New London, Connecticut in 1728. :##) Jonathan son of Joseph was confirmed, made an open confession of faith, and was baptized on 20 Oct 1728 :##) Joseph, son of Joseph was confirmed, made an open confession of faith, and was baptized on 14 June 1741 :##) Elisha, Mehetabel, Stephen, David, Simeon, and Abigail children of Mehetabel Beebe were baptized 20 Oct 1728. :#) [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/3032/41107_620303988_0371-00030? ''New London, CT Church Records;'' page 27, image 30 of 456:] In this same document, Joseph and Elisabeth (Fergo) Beebe have the following entries :##) Joseph Beebe married Elisabeth Fergo, both of New London 26 April 1731. :##) Elisabeth, wife of Joseph admitted to the church 5 July 1741. :###) Elisabeth, wife of Joseph renewed baptismal covenant 26 Oct 1740; children, Patience, Mary, Elisabeth, and Thaddeus were baptized on the same day. :####) Thaddeus Beebe, married Susanna Douglass, both of New London, 29 Nov 1763. ===Death Records=== === Published Genealogical Information === *Primary Source, ''[[Space:Diary of Joshua Hempstead of New London, Connecticut|Diary of Joshua Hempstead of New London, Connecticut]]'' Hempstead, Joshua, ''[[Space:Diary of Joshua Hempstead of New London, Connecticut|Diary of Joshua Hempstead of New London, Connecticut]]'' covering a period of 47 years from Sept 1711, to Nov 1758. Published by The New London County Historical Society, New London CT., Printed by the Journal of Commerce Co., Providence RI. 1901. Public Domain. [https://archive.org/stream/diaryofjoshuahem00hemp#page/n11/mode/2up Diary of Joshua Hempstead online - Title Page] Data Extract from the Diary of Joshua Hempstead: :#) [https://archive.org/stream/diaryofjoshuahem00hemp#page/200/mode/2up/search/Jos+Beebees ''Diary of Joshua Hempstead,'' Page 201:] 11 Aug 1728; Jos Beebes wife took into the Church. ''{Editorial, this is the earliest entry in Joshua Hempstead's diary for Joseph Beebe suggesting that the Joseph Beebes may not have been a residents of New London much prior to this date, especially given the flurry of activity to connect the family to the church in 1728}'' :#) [https://archive.org/stream/diaryofjoshuahem00hemp#page/202/mode/2up/search/Jos+Beebees ''Diary of Joshua Hempstead,'' Page 203:] 20 Oct 1728 Sund 20 fair. 9d. mr Ad. pr. al day. "Six Children of Jos, Beebees Babtizd Jonat, David, Stephen, Japhet, Abigail & Mehittabel, & one of Jame's Rogers's (Son of Capt Ja) Mary.page"; :#) [https://archive.org/stream/diaryofjoshuahem00hemp#page/n229/mode/2up/search/Jos+Beebe ''Diary of Joshua Hempstead,'' Page 207:] Feb 10 , 1728/9 I dd ''{delivered}'' Jos Beebe £7 10s School money. :#) [https://archive.org/stream/diaryofjoshuahem00hemp#page/n229/mode/2up/search/Jos+Beebe ''Diary of Joshua Hempstead,'' Page 215:] Wednsd 3 Dec 1729. fair. I was at court al day. Jos. B. an infant died. Thursd 4 fair. I was at court al day. an Infant of Jos Beebees; :#) [https://archive.org/stream/diaryofjoshuahem00hemp#page/218/mode/2up/search/Joseph+Beebees ''Diary of Joshua Hempstead,'' Pg 219:] 4 Apr 1730 "Saturd 4 fair. I was al day at Jonas Greens with Brothr Plumb &c. Joseph Beebees Wife Died yesterday or the night before, was buried ys day.." {Editorial: the close proximity of dates of the death of Joseph's infant son, shortly followed by the death of his wife suggests Meheteble died from complications of a difficult birth}'' :#) [https://archive.org/stream/diaryofjoshuahem00hemp#page/230/mode/2up/search/Joseph+Beebee ''Diary of Joshua Hempstead,'' Page 230:] fryd Jan 1, 1730/1. I was with the Committee Settling the bounds of Benja & Joseph Beebee. Joseph Beebe & Joshua Moor 50 Acres & the farm of Mr Palme's heirs Called Tabaconomuck. :#) [https://archive.org/stream/diaryofjoshuahem00hemp#page/232/mode/2up/search/Jos+Beebe ''Diary of Joshua Hempstead,'' Page 233:] Sund 21 March 1731. Mr Adams pr al d. Jos Beebe & Eliz Fergo Publisht. ''{Editorial: Publisht is Joshua Hempstead lingo for a public announcement of intent to marry; this is followed by a marriage on 26 Apr 31 as recorded the New London Church records}'' :#) [https://archive.org/stream/diaryofjoshuahem00hemp#page/284/mode/2up/search/Joseph+Beebee ''Diary of Joshua Hempstead,'' Page 285:] Thurs 13 Febry 1734/5. Clear and Cold. I was with the Comittee T P J C& R D. wee Ld out for Benjamin & Joseph Beebee three Shares an half. no money. wee Recd None. I am to pay Jos. Beebs part to the Rest far a share in Beach Cedar Swamp and Skirts. I am to pay S{ai}d B B his 10 s mor upon his giving me the deed. :#) [https://archive.org/stream/diaryofjoshuahem00hemp#page/368/mode/2up/search/Jos.+Beebee ''Diary of Joshua Hempstead,'' Page 368:] Oct 26, 1740... the wife of Jos. Beebee owned ye Covt & had her 4 children Babtized Patience Mary Eliza and Thedeas. :#) [https://archive.org/stream/diaryofjoshuahem00hemp#page/378/mode/2up/search/Jos.+B ''Diary of Joshua Hempstead,'' Page 378:] Sund 14 Dec 1741. Mr Adams pr. all Day. ... Grown persons Baptized Jos. B. B. Junr... Thos fergo, Ann Fergo... Sarah Beebee ... persons took into the church. :#) [https://archive.org/stream/diaryofjoshuahem00hemp#page/428/mode/2up/search/Joseph+Beebees ''Diary of Joshua Hempstead,'' Page 428:] fryday 13 July 1744. Joshua and adam fetched a hundred of Cheesnut railes from Joseph Beebees. :#) [https://archive.org/stream/diaryofjoshuahem00hemp#page/464/mode/2up/search/Joseph+Beebees ''Diary of Joshua Hempstead,'' Page 464:] Aug 2, 1746: fair. I went with Mr. Richards & Stewart for Mr Stewart to Measure the lower End of old Benjamin Beebee's farm Joyning to Joseph Beebees & and founit 28 acres & weee judged it to be worth 170 pounds. wee dined at Mr Stewarts farm. :#) [https://archive.org/stream/diaryofjoshuahem00hemp#page/678/mode/2up/search/Joseph+Beebee ''Diary of Joshua Hempstead,'' Pg 678;] '''4 Dec 1756... old Joseph Beebee Dyed aged 70 odd.''' :#) There are additional quotes on Jos Beebe particularly regarding some land dealings associated with Benjamin Beebe and the city. Extraction TBD. *Secondary Source, [[Beebe-1873|Clarence Beebe]] in his book [[Space:Monograph of the Descent of the Family of Beebe|''Monograph of the Descent of the Family of Beebe'']] Beebe, Clarence, [[Space:Monograph of the Descent of the Family of Beebe|''Monograph of the Descent of the Family of Beebe'']], from the earliest known immigrant--John, of Broughton, England, 1650, compiled and edited by Clarence Beebe, 150 Nassau Street, New York,1904; Public Domain. Profile (33), page 22; and profile (55) page 25. [https://archive.org/stream/monographofdesce00beeb#page/n9/mode/2up Clarence Beebe Genealogy online -Title Page] cites Joseph Beebe in profile (33). Data summary; :#) [https://archive.org/stream/monographofdesce00beeb#page/n35/mode/2up/search/JOSEPH ''MONOGRAPH etc'', Page 15:] from profile (10) JOHN Beebe ''MONOGRAPH of the Descent of the Family of BEEBE'': quote, "of New London, Conn., was born probably about 1661. He gave deeds of land in New London, in 1687, 1688, and 1690. These two last deeds were to Richard Shaw, his sister Rebecca's husband. '''They were not put on record until June, 1696, and as no further mention of this John Beebe has been found it may be that he died unmarried early in that year.'' Other investigators ''{Editorial, meaning "I am including this information for completeness, but I don't own this information and don't really agree with it"}'' have concluded that he married about 1680, leaving the following children: '''Joseph (33)''', Mary (34), Stephen (35), Jerusha (36), and another child. :#) [https://archive.org/stream/monographofdesce00beeb#page/n35/mode/2up/search/JOSEPH ''MONOGRAPH etc'', Page 22:] The following biography is a direct quote from page 22 of ''MONOGRAPH of the Descent of the Family of BEEBE'', " '''JOSEPH Beebe (33)''', son of [[Beebe-142|John Beebe]], was born about 1684. He married Elizabeth Graves,''{Editorial: this assertion is very questionable, see Research Notes.}'' December 26th. 1706. She was born April 16th. 1671. They had nine children. '''''If he was not a son of William, he must have been a son of [[Beebe-142|John Beebe]] (10)''''', '''of whom there is nothing recorded to show that he ever had a wife or child.''' ''{Editorial: with this statement Clarence Beebe openly declares that he does not know who is the father of Joseph Beebe, and suggests that his father could be either [[Beebe-142| John (10)]] or [[Beebe-414|William (19)]]. Since he doesn't know who is Joseph's father, he creates two profiles for Joseph; [[Beebe-189|Joseph Beebe (33)]], son of John, and [[Beebe-1174|Joseph Beebe (55)]], son of William, as his two best guesses. Both are demonstrably incorrect, as primary source reference clearly identifies James Beebe to be the father of Joseph.}'' A confusion exists as to his wife's name, for the New London record has it that Joseph Beebe and Elizabeth Graves were married December 26th, 1706; while the wife's name is given as Mehitable in the record of his children's birth and baptisms. The readiest explanation is that she was Mehitable Graves, and that the clerk in recording the marriage mistook the name. In support of this explanation it may be said that the name Mehitable carelessly pronounced might be misunderstood, Elizabeth. ''{Editorial; this is an exceedingly poor argument, as the two names do not sound alike at all.}'' Rebecca Graves married Jonathan Daniells December 12th, 1706. This marriage is the next one on the book before Joseph Beebe's, a circumstance that suggests the guess that the two brides were sisters. A history of the Graves Family, in preparation, 1895, confirms Elizabeth's marriage to Joseph, December 26th. 1706. The record at New London gives the children as Joseph (83), Jonathan (84), Ephraim (85), Stephen (86). David (87), Elisha (88), Simeon (89), Abigail (90), Mehitable (98)." ''{Commentary: of all the excellent Beebe genealogical work prepared by Clarence Beebe in , this profile has created the most confusion for subsequent generations of genealogists. There were two mysteries created by this biography, 1) first, Who was Joseph Beebe's father? and 2) Why was his wife called both Elizabeth and Mehetable? See note 1 the research notes for an analysis of the available information}''. :#) ''{Editorial Note: the two following entries show the data record for the second guess Clarence Beebe made regarding the parentage of Joseph Beebe, that is to say, William Beebe:}'' :##) [https://archive.org/stream/monographofdesce00beeb#page/n41/mode/2up/search/JOSEPH ''MONOGRAPH etc'', Page 18 and 19:] WILLIAM Beebe (19) was born perhaps about 1665, and died about 1750. Miss F. M. Caulkins says that he married Ruth, a daughter of Jonathan Rogers, and became a Sabbatarian at Great Neck. She was born about 1678, and was living March 22,1715. As Jonathan Rogers was born in 1655, his daughter Ruth could hardly have been marriageable before 1693. '''The children are placed here by conjecture, as no statement of their parentage has been found.''' Some of the younger children, as Lydia and Ezekiel, and less probably Mary might have been children of Nathaniel Beebe, who married Elizabeth Wheeler, July 2nd, 1697. Stephen and Mary were witnesses to a deed of William and Ruth, March 22nd, 1715. Stephen's eldest daughter was named Ruth. ''' ''There is no evidence that Joseph belongs here except that there seems to be no other place for him, unless by some very improbable supposition he was the son of John 10.'' ''' Their names are given in order of marriage. The two first are supposed to be by a first wife: Joseph (55), Samuel (56), Stephen (57), Mary (58), William (59), Ezekiel (60), and Lydia (61). :##) [https://archive.org/stream/monographofdesce00beeb#page/n55/mode/2up/search/JOSEPH ''MONOGRAPH etc'', Page 25:] JOSEPH Beebe (55), son of William Beebe (19), was born about 1686, doubtful parentage. ''{Editorial: meaning, Clarence is guessing at who Joseph's parents were.}'' *Secondary Source, George Sheldon, [https://archive.org/details/historyofdeerfie02shel/page/n5/mode/2up? ''A History of Deerfield, Massachusetts: Vol II'',] Sheldon, George; [https://archive.org/details/historyofdeerfie02shel/page/n5/mode/2up? ''A History of Deerfield, Massachusetts: the times when the people by whom it was settled, unsettled and resettled, Vol II;'' Greenfield, Massachusetts; Press of E. A. Hall & Co.; 1896. Data Extract: :#) [https://archive.org/details/historyofdeerfie02shel/page/370/mode/2up?q=Henry+White; ''History of Deerfield, Mass;'' page 371:] WHITE, Henry; weaver; came here before [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Philip%27s_War Philip's war]; ''{ca. 1675-6}'' a soldier under Capt. Turner; came back at the permanent settlement; owned No. 38 — may not have lived on it; selectman, and a prominent man; estate in Court, 1707. He married 3 Apr 1677, Martha, daughter of Richard Montague, and widow of Isaac Harrison, who had been killed with Capt. Turner; she died 3 Nov 1691, aged 47; married (second) 25 Feb 1691/2, Mary, daughter of John Alexander, and widow of Benjamin Barrett. :##) Children of Henry White and Martha (Montague) White: :###) Henry White; "aged 16" in 1694. ''{Born ~ 1678.}'' :###) '''Mehitable White; born 22 Nov 1685; married Joseph Bebe. :###) Susanna White; 12 May 1688; married John Fox. :###) Son White; born and died 24 July 1690 :###) Ebenezer White; born 14 Feb 1692-3; died prior to 1714. :###) Joseph White; born 14 Nov 1694; died before 1714. :###) David White; born 12 Jan 1696-7; died before 1714. :###) Richard White; alive 1714. == Research Notes == #): There is now a definitive answer to the mystery, who was Joseph's father? The definitive answer to that question is that [[Beebe-126|James Beebe]] , the youngest son of [[Beebe-183|John Beebe, the Immigrant]], was the father of the Joseph Beebe of this profile. Examination of the biography for [[Beebe-126| James Beebe]] clearly shows that Clarence Beebe did not find the birth record for Joseph Beebe in the Fairfield Barbour record during his research. However, the prominence of Joseph Beebe in the New London Barbour and Church records called for a placement in the Beebe family. Since Clarence didn't have a birth record for Joseph Beebe Jr., the best dating milestone comes from the birth of his oldest child of Joseph Jr., who was born in 1707 this, of course, means that Joseph would have had to have been born in 1686 or earlier and his father would have had to have been born prior to 1665. So it could have been one of the 5 original Beebe Brothers, or one of the Beebe Grandsons of John the immigrant born before 1665; [[Beebe-183|John]], [[Beebe-195|Benjamin]], [[Beebe-483|Samuel Jr.]] or [[Beebe-414|William Sr]]. So, even though Clarence Beebe clearly was of the opinion that assigning Joseph to be the son of [[Beebe-183|John Beebe]] the grandson of John, "the Immigrant" was a very poor fit to the historic data record, he decided to assign Joseph, in profile (33) as the son of John Beebe anyway, then to hedge his bets he also assigned Joseph, in profile (55), as the the son of William Jr, even though he says it it ''doubtful''. Subsequent generations of genealogists have attempted to correct the date mismatches by claiming that Joseph was the son of [[Beebe-142|John Beebe]], but this lineage is not a great fit to the historic record either and there is no primary source data to support his assertion. The connection of the time and place appropriate, Primary Source Barbour Fairfield CT birth record of showing Joseph Beebe, born 11 Jul 1679, to be the son of James Beebe resolves this mystery for once and for all. ##): An open search for Joseph Beebe in Colonial America during the period of 1600 to 1700 reveals Joseph Beebe, son of James Beebe born 11 Jul 1679, of this profile to be the earliest and only known Joseph Beebe on the North American continent prior to 1700 verified with '''primary source''' documentation. The second Joseph Beebe, to be born in North America, and verified by primary source documentation support, was his son [[Beebe-151|Joseph Beebe Jr.]] born 4 Dec 1707, and the third [[Beebe-2306|Joseph Beebe]], born in 1719, was his nephew, son of his brother [Beebe-2305|James Beebe]]. These are the only three Joseph Beebes in North America, prior to 1746 who can be verified with primary documentation, all others are literary fiction. #) The second mystery; why was the mother of Joseph Beebe's children universally named as Mehetable in the birth and baptism records of his children, when there is a Primary Source data record linking Joseph Beebe to Elizabeth Graves in the GRAVES ledger of the Barbour record? There are three possible explanations for this data mismatch. The first view adopted by Clarence Beebe in was that Joseph Beebe did indeed marry Elizabeth Graves and that the Church recording clerk misunderstood the name Elizabeth to be Mehetable the 6-7 times her name was recorded in the church records as the mother of Joseph's children and a member of the church. This is actually preposterous; Elizabeth sounds nothing like Mehetable, and since this was a small church community, the Church Clerk would have known Joseph's wife by name and he would have recorded the correct name of a woman he knew from the weekly (or more frequent) church meetings. Furthermore, this view ignores the marriage of Jonathan Beebe to Elizabeth Graves posted in the BEEBE ledger of the Barbour record on the same date. The second possible explanation that has been offered is that the name of Joseph's wife was actually Elizabeth Mehetable (or vice versa) and that these names were used interchangeably in the historic data record. This explanation is a bit more plausible, but lacks credibility in that there is not a single primary source record to support this position and it seems unlikely that Josephs' wife would decide to change the choice of her legal name in legal documentation between her wedding and the birth of her first child. Finally there is a third explanation that uniformly conforms to all of the known facts recorded in the primary source data record. This explanation is that Joseph Beebe did not marry Elizabeth Graves, rather he married a Mehetable of unknown surname (but with a strong possibility that it was White) prior to establishing residence in New London. This explanation fits the established facts in the Primary source record in that it is Mehetable and Mehetable alone (prior to Joseph's marriage to Elizabeth Fergo) who is identified in the church and Barbour records as the wife of Joseph and the mother of Joseph's children. The next piece of evidence supporting this explanation is that the dual-entry Barbour Collection record citing the Graves-Beebe marriage, has the marriage entered as Jonathan Beebe and Elizabeth Graves in the BEEBE entry and as Elizabeth Graves and Joseph Beebe in the GRAVES entry. This marriage event was likely recorded first under the BEEBE name and then transcribed into the GRAVES section from the BEEBE section. As the name Joseph Beebe is in the physical line directly above Jonathan Beebe in the Jonathan and Elizabeth Graves marriage entry it would have been exceedingly easy for the recording clerk to slip up one line and enter Joseph rather than the correct Jonathan when transcribing the marriage into the GRAVES section of the Vital Records. This name adjacency does not work in the opposite direction, i.e. from Graves to Beebe. Finally, Joseph did marry an Elizabeth, specifically Elizabeth Fergo in 26 April 1731 and after this marriage the name of his wife is thereafter recorded exclusively as Elizabeth for his wife and mother of his children. #) To Do list: :##) Add basis for placement of Elizabeth Fergo as the wife of Joseph of this profile. :##) Add and extract the Augustus Griffin reference with the erroneous claim that Joseph Beebe was the original North American Beebe immigrant. https://archive.org/stream/griffinsjournal00grifrich#page/200/mode/2up/search/Joseph+Beebee :##) Add Clifford Beebe Genealogy extract #) The following definitions and syntax conventions apply to the preceding text of this profile: ##) A Primary Source contains data that was recorded by the person in the profile; or by someone known to or with first hand knowledge of that person, during the person's lifetime, death or within two generations thereafter. ##) A Secondary Source is a genealogical reference created as the result of a extensive study of available source material and it provides some evidence of the source documentation used to generate the text data. ##) A Tertiary Source is a genealogical data source which is a collection of genealogical information that does not cite Primary or Secondary information sources, and the data may be factual or hearsay. ##) Braces ''{Editorial Note Example}'' are used to insert editorial comments; that is to say, information or clarification that is not contained in the original, cited source material. ---- ==Sources== ===Other Sources=== * "Connecticut, Vital Records, Prior to 1850," database, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QPS2-9QBV : 15 April 2022), Joseph Beebee, ; citing Birth, Fairfield, Connecticut, United States, Compiled by Lucius A. and Lucius B. Barbour, housed at State Library, Hartford, Connecticut; FHL microfilm 008272220. * https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-99V3-GSG4?cc=2448938 https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-99V3-GSG4?cc=2448938 * "Connecticut, Births and Baptisms, 1639-1941", database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-99V3-GSG4?cc=2448938 : 18 July 2022), > image 1 of 1. ===Web based Genealogies=== The following section provides a listing of web-published genealogies pertinent to the profile subject; these genealogies are valuable in presenting an alternate perspective on family links for the profile subject. However, these genealogies may or may not be correct and are not presently cited as source material in the narrative text of this profile. * [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTBX-T6Z ''FamilySearch profile for Joseph Beebe.] Joseph son of John and (Abigail York) Beebe * [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTBF-STV ''FamilySearch profile for Elizabeth Mehitabel Graves.] Elizabeth daughter of Benjamin and Mary (Hoar) Graves. ====Search for Mehetable Beebe==== The missing source is here: [https://archive.org/details/historyofdeerfie02shel/page/370/mode/2up?q=Henry+White ''A History of Deerfield, Massachusetts: the times when the people by whom it was settled, unsettled and resettled;''] This 1683 Mehetable could not be Joseph's wife . She was born 1683 in Connecticut. Almost perfect: was born, per Barbour, Mar 29 1682 in Stratford Fairfield CT, but alas died Sep 27, 1684.: Mehitable Fairchild Father: Zachariah Fairchild Mother: Hannah Beach Birth Date: 29 Mar 1683 State: CT Country: USA SAVE Cancel Source Information Edmund West, comp.. Family Data Collection - Births [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2001. [http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&dbid=5769&h=1485104&tid=&pid=&usePUB=true&_phsrc=CjB3220&_phstart=successSource Mehetible Fairchild b. 1683] this Mehetable is a promising candidate as she was born Hadley MA the childhood home of Josephs father James and appears to be related to the first wife of James; but there is some indication that she married a Mr. Clapp. Mehitable Warner Father: Isaac Warner Mother: Sarah Boltwood Birth Date: 1 Oct 1683 City: Hadley County: Hampshire State: MA Country: USA SAVE Cancel Source Information Edmund West, comp.. Family Data Collection - Births [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2001. possible marriage--Is there a Mehetable White? Answer yes, but this looks like noise masquerading as information. There was a Mehetable Walker b 1685. she married James Walker and died in 1759 :Mehitable (Walker) White (b. 1685) married Joseph Beebe (b. 1667). Source number: 1606.000; Source type: Electronic Database; Number of Pages: 1; Submitter Code: MAB. Source Information: Yates Publishing. U.S. and International Marriage Records, 1560-1900 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2004. [http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?_phsrc=CjB3204&_phstart=successSource&usePUBJs=true&gsfn=Mehetable&mssns=Beebe&msgdy=1700&new=1&rank=1&redir=false&gss=angs-c&pcat=BMD_MARRIAGE&h=1313776&recoff=3%2018&dbid=7836&indiv=1&ml_rpos=2 Mehetable White - Joseph Beebe marriage Yates is tertiary and unreliable, and the source of this marriage data is unknown. Clilfford Beebe on page 15 of his 1992 Beebe Geneaology shows a married of a Joseph Beebe b. 1667 to a Mehitable White b. 22 Nov 1685 daughter of Henry White and Martha Montague Harrison White of Deerfield Mass. There is a Mass birth record for this Mehetible White, [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/2495/40143_264692__0005-00125?pid=5938196&backurl=https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv%3D1%26dbid%3D2495%26h%3D5938196%26tid%3D%26pid%3D%26usePUB%3Dtrue%26_phsrc%3DnaV1498%26_phstart%3DsuccessSource&treeid=&personid=&hintid=&usePUB=true&_phsrc=naV1498&_phstart=successSource&usePUBJs=true Mehitable White daughter of Henry and Martha b 22 nov 1685] & {https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&dbid=2495&h=5938196&tid=&pid=&usePUB=true&_phsrc=naV1498&_phstart=successSource Ancestry port] Martha Montague Harrison White (daug of Richard and Abigail) was from Hadley Massachusetts. Descendants of Richard Montague geneology book Pg 48

Study of Mary (Babcock) Tanner wife of William Tanner. By Randolph R. Beebe, © May 2023 == Biography == ===Summary=== [[Babcock-84|Mary (Babcock) Tanner (abt.1673-abt.1705)]], daughter of [[Babcock-348|Job Babcock (abt.1646-bef.1718)]] and [[Crandall-127|Jane (Crandall) Babcock (1653-abt.1712)]], was born about 1673 at Westerly, Rhode Island. Mary Babcock was married to [[Tanner-290|William Tanner Sr. (abt.1657-abt.1740)]] of South Kingstown, Rhode Island, as his second wife, probably in early 1692. There is good evidence that Benjamin, John, Mary, Avis and Jane Tanner were the children of William Tanner Sr. and Mary (Babcock) Tanner. William and Mary Tanner lived on and operated a family farm at South Kingstown, Rhode Island (the land which is presently used by [https://www.google.com/maps/place/309+Laurel+Ln,+West+Kingston,+RI+02892/@41.4908574,-71.6078529,16.25z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x89e5c7a69d25c941:0x1e9c69a67923a275!8m2!3d41.48984!4d-71.604236?hl=en Laurel Lane Country Club] as a public golf course) during her lifetime which was prematurely ended about 1806 when Mary was only about 33 years of age. ===Basis for Identification=== There are no known primary vital records which directly establish the exact birth date, marriage date, death date; or the identities or birth dates for any of the children of Mary (Babcock) Tanner. However, there is one (and only one) critical, primary source document known to identify and connect Mary Babcock to a particular set of family relationships and to provide a precise date anchoring her life to the timeline of human existence, and that document is [[#scanned_JBabcock_Will|the last will and testament]] of her father, Job Babcock. From this [[#JBabcock_Will|26 March 1715 document]] we find the following entry:

''Item '''I Give unto my daughter Mary Tanners: HEIRS one Shilling''' ''

From this bequest and the will itself, the following observations may be made with 100% certainty: #) Mary Tanner was a real person, and the daughter of Job Babcock. #) Her Babcock family was rooted in the Town of Westerly, Rhode Island. #) Mary (Babcock) Tanner was deceased on 26 March 1715. ''{Editorial, to be precise, this assertion is not 100% certain, as there could be an extremely remote chance that Job Babcock bypassed his daughter Mary, and only Mary, and granted her inheritance to her children while she was still living.}'' #) Mary Babcock was married to a Mr. Tanner at the time of her death. #) Mary Babcock was the mother or more than one child prior to her death. #) Mary Babcock had eight named siblings whom had reached the age of adulthood, who were alive, and were named as co-heirs in the 26 March 1715 will. On the date of the will she had three brothers Job, John, and Benjamin, and five sisters; Jane Braman, Sarah Hall; Elizabeth Brand, Hannah Babcock, and Mercy Babcock. #) Job Babcock was NOT a wealthy man at the time of his death; his cash bequests to his children were for a single shilling to each child or their heirs. #) Her two youngest sisters were unmarried. ''{With the uncertain implication that they may have been under the age of 18 in 1715. }'' In addition, the structure of the will suggests that Mary was the third daughter of Job Babcock, and this is highly probable, because it would be natural for a father to list his daughters in their birth order as Job did for his sons. The balance of this biography is devoted to applying an iterative analysis to the information offered in this will, coupled with information found in other related genealogical data, in order to arrive at a more complete and evidence based picture of the life of Mary (Babcock) Tanner. ===Birthdate of Mary Babcock=== The starting point in the analysis is to place boundaries on the date of Mary's birth. It may be inferred from the will data that Mrs. Mary (Babcock) Tanner would have been born at least 21 years prior to the Job's 1715 will date; this assertion is based on an assumption that she was at least eighteen years of age at the time of her marriage, then adding another three years needed to produce at least two children. Hence the will itself coupled with a few common sense assumptions, establishes a "born-not-later-than" birth date of 1694 for Mary Babcock. The earliest birth date for a range of birth dates for Mary Babcock, may be estimated using the vital data of her parents and siblings who are identified in Job's will. A quick inspection of the Wikitree profiles for the parents and siblings of Mary Babcock reveals that NONE of the dates offered for their births and marriages are presently substantiated by a primary source record; all these vital dates are estimated. However, the birth date of her father Job, is bracketed in a narrow time window by two well documented historical events; specifically Job's father, James Babcock, states in an 18 Jan 1670 [[#Austin_BABCOCK|Connecticut Court deposition]] that Job's next older brother, John, was 26 years of age at the time of the 1670 hearing date, hence born in 1644. This information when coupled with a second Rhode Island Court record in which [[#freeman|Job Babcock is granted status as a freeman]] on 18 May 1669, provides a high degree of certainty that Mary's father, Job Babcock, was born between 1646 and 1648. The birth date of her mother Jane Crandall is much less certain, and is presently estimated to have been in 1653 by her Wikitree profilers; furthermore, the birth of Job and Jane's first child [[Babcock-844|Jane (Babcock) Braman (1670-)]] is estimated to have been about 1670. As previously noted, Job Babcock's will infers that Mary was his third daughter, so if one assumes an estimated 1669 marriage date for her parents is correct, and she was born prior to her brothers; then Mary Babcock's very earliest birth date would have been about 1673. But if she was born after her brothers, this would delay her earliest possible birthdate to around 1681. Thus the range of birthdates for Mary Babcock, based on presently known information, lies within 1673 to 1694 with the most probable years being between 1673 and 1681 (inclusive). As a side note, observe that the estimated dates given for her parents are likely to be within a few years of the correct numbers, though [[Crandall-127|Jane (Crandall) Babcock's (1653-abt.1712)]] estimated marriage date, and the corresponding birth dates for her oldest daughters seems to be unnecessarily compressed, by this present 1653 birthdate estimate. The vital dates for Jane Crandall's parents and the birth order for her siblings are estimated as well, and the event compression in her marriage and her daughter's marriages makes it seem probable that Jane Crandall may have been born a few years prior to this presently estimated 1653 date, to enable the possibility that she was married to her husband, Job Babcock a few years prior to 1670. ===Identity of the Husband of Mary Babcock=== The 1715 Job Babcock will tells us that his daughter Mary was married to a Mr. Tanner, but does not reveal the identity of her husband. This, of course begs the question, "who then was her husband?" In the 1600s there were very few Tanners in North America, and it may be possible to identify her husband using a process of elimination. Starting with her latest possible birth date of 1694 and the assumption that she was married at the age of eighteen, and also noting that the overwhelming majority of men waited until they were 21 to marry; then the hypothetical husband for this Mary Babcock marriage (at age 18) would have been born prior to 1691. An exhaustive search of the existing on-line genealogical databases reveals that there are two and only two male Tanner identities known to be living in the state of Rhode Island in this time era and whom satisfy this constraint criteria, and they are [[Tanner-290|William Tanner Sr. (abt.1657-abt.1740)]], and his son [[Tanner-285|William Tanner Jr. (abt.1686-aft.1757)]]. Therefore, from Job's will and a number of internet searches, the identity of the husband of Mary Babcock may be narrowed to have been either William Tanner Sr. or his son, William Tanner Jr. Now if Mary was actually was born in 1673, the earliest date in the range of her possible birth dates, then she would have been 13 years older than William Tanner Jr. who was born in 1686, and it may be stated with a near certainty she would NOT have married Wm Jr., but would nearly certainly have been the wife of William Tanner Sr. However, if she was born in 1681, she would have only been five years older than Wm Tanner, Jr. and though this birth date would still favor a marriage to Wm Tanner Sr., it would be less obviously so, and if she was born in 1694, she would would have been a peer of Wm Jr. Therefore, the analysis to this point indicates that Mary (Babcock) Tanner, daughter of Job Babcock, was born sometime between 1673 and 1694, and that there is a high probability that she was married to either William Tanner Sr. or William Tanner Jr., though the odds would significantly favor her marriage to have been to the elder Wm Tanner. The will of Job Babcock also establishes, as fact, that his daughter Mary (Babcock) Tanner was the mother of at least two children prior to her death, and as she was married to a Tanner at the time of her death; the will implies the children were also surnamed Tanner, though this is not explicitly stated. The next step in building a biography for Mary Babcock is to search for evidence, hopefully primary evidence, linking William Tanner and Mary Babcock to a marriage date and/or providing a clear identification and direct link to these offspring. As noted earlier, the result of a search for this direct evidence, presently (as of April 2023), as well as for all previous generations of published Tanner genealogists is zero; there is no known direct primary evidence explicitly linking Mary Babcock in a marriage to either William Tanner Sr. or William Tanner Jr. (or anyone else for that matter) nor has any direct primary evidence been found to directly link Mary (Babcock) Tanner as the mother of an explicitly named child. However, there is an ample body of indirect evidence from primary sources and documented family lore sufficient to weave together a highly probable representation of Mary Babcock's family. Before examining the evidence potentially connecting Mary Babcock to either William Tanner Sr. or Junior as husband and wife, it should be noted that there is primary source evidence which establishes, as fact, that William Tanner Sr. was married to a ____ Tibbetts, the daughter or Henry Tibbetts, and they were the parents of a son William Tanner Jr. The information basis for this assertion is the [[#tibbits|27 Nov 1708 Last Will and Testament of Henry Tibbetts]] which states the following:

''' "To grandson William Tanner, land purchased of Thomas Stanton of Stonington, and five loads of hay." '''

Furthermore as Wm Jr. was the only heir named for this daughter, the will bequest infers that William Tanner Jr. was the only child of Wm and ___ (Tibbetts) Tanner Sr.; hence the first wife of Wm Tanner Sr., i.e. the daughter of Henry Tibbetts, likely died at the time of Wm Tanner Jr.'s birth or shortly thereafter. Henry Tibbett's will also infers that William Tanner Jr. was an adult, and engaged in farming operations at the time the will was written and thus benchmarking the birth date of Wm Tanner Jr. to about 1686. The essential point of this discussion is that William Tanner Sr., was born circa 1657 was a good bit older (16 years) than Mary Babcock who would have been born, at the earliest in 1673. Furthermore, a marriage between William Tanner Sr. and Mary Babcock would have been Wm's second marriage, it could not have occurred until sometime after 1687, and would have been at a time when Wm Sr. would have been in great need of a partner to nurture his young son William Tanner Jr. Next, let's examine what is available to connect Mary Babcock as a possible first wife of the younger Wm Tanner, i.e. William Tanner Jr. As noted earlier, the 1694 latest-possible-birth for Mary Babcock would place her as a contemporary of Wm Tanner Junior. If this were true then William Tanner Jr. and Mary Babcock could have been married as soon as 21 years after 1686 or about 1707. There are no known records linking Mary Babcock in marriage to Wm Tanner Jr.; however, there are North Kingstown, RI birth records for the children born of William Tanner Jr. and a wife, Hannah Tanner, starting with a son [[Tanner-281|William Tanner III (1712-abt.1778)]] born on 22 Sep 1712. Therefore, there is a five year gap between the date Wm Jr. and Mary Babcock potentially could have been married (1707) and the recorded birth date of William Tanner Jr.'s first documented child in 1712, allowing for five years of time for Wm Tanner Jr. to have hypothetically been married to Mary Babcock and for them to have produced at least two children, in accordance with the information in the will of Job Babcock. Hence the opportunity for this scenario to have happened is clearly plausible. The antithesis of this proposition is that there is no evidence to be found to substantiate this hypothesis; no direct evidence, no indirect evidence, no lore, and, in particular, no evidence of the children that Job Babcock tells us were born of this union and that had survived to at least 1715. A quick examination of the same page of the North Kingstown birth records surrounding the birth of William Tanner (III), previously noted, shows that the North Kingstown birth records go back to at least 1687 for the Sweet family; thus it would seem probable that if William Tanner Jr. and Mary Babcock had children between 1708 and 1712 in North Kingstown, they would appear in this record, but they do not. Note that the bequest of North Kingstown land to William Tanner Jr. by his grandfather Henry Tibbetts, that is to say, that thing which drew William Tanner Jr. to live in North Kingstown, was not written until 1708 nor was this will proven until 13 July 1713. So Wm Tanner Jr. may or may not have been a resident of North Kingstown during the time period of this hypothetical marriage. However, it may also be noted that William Tanner (III) was recorded as having been born in North Kingstown on 22 Sept 1712, ten months prior to the proving of the Henry Tibbitts will, suggesting that Wm Tanner Jr. was already living on and tenant farming the property of Henry Tibbetts prior to receiving the land as an inheritance (probably as early as 27 Nov 1708 the date the will was written). Furthermore, William Tanner Jr. wrote his own will on 13 June 1757 and this will does NOT include any children born prior to William Tanner III, that is to say he names no children of a hypothetical marriage to Mary Babcock as heirs. Thus, an examination of the records of Wm Tanner Jr reveals that '''IF''' it was he who married Mary Babcock, and whom fathered at least two children with her; then it was an entirely stealth event to history leaving no trace of the marriage nor of the (at least) two children born to the union. This, of course could be partially explained if the children died young, viz shortly after the will of Job Babcock was written. Therefore, although an examination of the records for Wm Tanner Jr. does NOT eliminate a hypothetical marriage between Wm Tanner Jr. and Mary Babcock as a possibility, the complete absence of any supporting circumstantial evidence renders this interpretation of Job's will bequest to his daughter Mary as having a near zero probability of being correct. With William Tanner Jr. eliminated as a ''probable'' husband for Mary Tanner, William Tanner Sr. remains the only viable and probable candidate to have been her husband. === Marriage date and children=== This brings us to the point to now examine the circumstantial evidence available to support the assertion that the marriage and children cited in Job Tanner's will were of William Tanner Sr. and Mary Babcock. The first, and most compelling piece of evidence is the West Greenwich, Rhode Island [[#Benj_VR|birth record of Benjamin Tanner,]] which states;

''' ''Tanner, Benjamin; born 24 Dec 1692.'' '''

this birth record provides irrefutable evidence of another male Tanner born and living in the western portion of Rhode Island during the time period of interest. There are several interesting observations that may be made regarding this birth record * The birth record does not name the parents of Benjamin Tanner, whereas every other birth record in the surrounding pages of the Arnold vital records document explicitly names one or both parents of the cited birth. The proximate cause for this deviation from the normal structure of the West Greenwich birth records is that Benjamin Tanner didn't live in West Greenwich until after he purchased his W. Greenwich farm from Clement West 1733, hence he and his family did not move into the West Greenwich area until long after he and his children were born and the town birth records for Benjamin were recorded not at the time of their birth, but rather when Benjamin and his family moved into the community. ''{Refer to the profile of [[Tanner-290|William Tanner Sr. (abt.1657-abt.1740)]] for more detail.}'' This was common practice in this time era and was evidence of the tight control the West Greenwich town government chose exercise over admission to the community subject to the jurisdiction of their town council. There is evidence (to be presented later) that the West Greenwich town council was particularly overbearing in this regard, hence more inclined to document and authenticate the birth bona fides of incoming migrants. * Benjamin Tanner's 24 Dec 1692 birth date makes it impossible for him to have been a potential son of William Tanner Jr. who was born in 1686; this leaves the only known, and possible father candidate of Benjamin Tanner to have been William Tanner Sr. * This West Greenwich Vital Record also identifies seven (and only seven) children as offspring of this said Benjamin Tanner and an unspecified mother, with the birth of his first child, Sarah to have occurred on 19 May 1716. * Revisiting the latest possible birth date of 1694 for Mary Babcock opens the possibility that she could have been the wife of Benjamin Tanner as early as 1713, and had two births or twins prior to the writing of Job Babcock's Will, but as with the hypothetical marriage to Wm Jr. both children of this hypothetical marriage would have to be alive at the time of Job's will in 1715, but in this case, deceased prior to the time Benjamin moved to West Greenwich sometime after 1730, as they are not mentioned in this town vital record. * On the other hand this 1692 birth of Benjamin establishes a birth record having primary sourced reliability for a Rhode Island Tanner offspring, almost certainly a son of William Tanner Sr., but just as certainly not that of his first wife ____ Tibbetts, because Benjamin is not named as an heir in the Henry Tibbetts will as is the case for his half brother, Wm Tanner Jr. Therefore, this birth record is a highly correlated fit to the established search criteria for an heir of Mary (Babcock) Tanner based on the the Job Babcock will. That is to say, here is the documentation to confirm a Tanner spouse and a Tanner child-birth compatible with the previously postulated union of Mary Babcock and William Tanner Sr. Benjamin's 1692 birth occurs six years after the 1686 birth of William Tanner Jr. and would benchmark Mary Babcock, if his mother and born in 1673, to have been nominally nineteen years of age on the date of his birth. Hence the proposition that William Tanner Sr. married Mary Babcock, as his second wife, and that they had a son Benjamin Tanner on 24 Dec 1692 is fully viable, and fully compatible with every piece of evidence heretofore identified. Consequently there is a very high probability that Benjamin Tanner is indeed the son of William Tanner Sr. and Mary Babcock. The question then becomes whether there is any other evidence to affirm this assertion, and the answer is a resounding yes, but with caveats. First, there is a [[#Benj_land|4 March 1723 land deed]] archived in the South Kingstown Town Records which declares:

''' ''William Tanner of Kingstown for love, good will, and affection towards my son, Benjamin Tanner of Kingstown, gives tract in Hall's Purchase of sixty acres... Witnessed by William West, and signed by Wm and Elizabeth Tanner on 4 March 1723.'' '''

which establishes the father-son relationship between William and Benjamin Tanner as 100% certain, and links William West, the husband of Jane (Tanner) West, in this legal document regarding the father to son transfer of real estate. Unfortunately, this 1723 deed does not mention Mary Babcock, because she was long deceased and Wm Tanner had been remarried to another wife named Elizabeth. There is a second piece of affirming evidence to be found in the ''Memorandum of [[West-16711|Samuel West (1766-)]],'' grandson of Jane (Tanner) West, a documented piece of family lore in which he states:

''' ''My fathers mother was Jane Tanner Daughter of Frances Tanner hur mother was a Babcock hur Brothers names ware William Benjamin John Frances & Nathan hur sisters names ware Mary Avis Abigail Rechel Ann & Dorcas.'' '''

This quote provides a bit of documented family lore, which introduces another Tanner child, Jane, as a sibling to William Jr. and Benjamin, etal., and the daughter of a Babcock and Frances Tanner, all of which fits the prior narrative with the exception of the name of the father. If the name William is substituted for Frances as the children's father, then this family genealogy is highly correlated to the primary source based narrative previously outlined. Note the naming alignment of several of the "Memorandum" named children to the family ancestry of the asserted Tanner family: William Tanner Jr. after his father William Sr.; Benjamin Tanner after Benjamin Babcock (brother of Mary), John Tanner after his great grandfather Rev. John Crandall; Mary Tanner after her mother, Mary (Babcock) Tanner; and Jane Tanner, after her grandmother Jane (Crandall) Babcock. The name given the father, Frances Tanner, then appears to be an information transmission error in which the oral transmission of family genealogy unfortunately conflated the name of the son, Frances with that of the actual father William. Hence, when the data from the land deed is woven together with the Job Babcock will, and the Samuel West "Memorandum" a clear family "fabric" with William Tanner Sr. and Mary (Babcock) Tanner as the parents of Benjamin emerges. To further substantiate the brother and sister connection between Benjamin and Jane (West) Tanner, the [[#Wests|''Mayflower Descendants'']] records the following:

''' ''On 27 July 1741 The Charlestown RI Town Council ordered [[West-669|William West (1681-aft.1742)]], wife and children" be transported to No. Kingstown, William and some of his family were in W. Greenwich as guests of Benjamin Tanner by July 1742 when the town Council asked Benjamin Tanner for an explanation.'' '''

which further substantiates a family link between Jane (Tanner) West and Benjamin Tanner as being close kin, presumably brother and sister. So the source information examined to this point strongly supports the assertion that the husband of Mary Babcock was William Tanner Sr. and that the they were the parents of Benjamin and Jane (Tanner) West, thus fully satisfying the information previously observed in Job Tanner's Will. The noted 1723 land transfer from William Tanner Sr. to Benjamin was signed by the then wife of Wm Tanner named Elizabeth, which is another affirmation of the early decease of Mary Babcock as noted in the 1715 Job Babcock will. This introduces two new questions, when did Mary Babcock Tanner actually die, and did she have any other children? A partial answer to the first question may be answered by the second of only two official town birth records for any of the children of William Tanner. There is a [[#NathanT_VR|South Kingstown, Rhode Island birth record]] which declares:

''' ''Nathan Tanner, son of William and Elizabeth Tanner was born 20 Feb 1709.'' '''

and consequently benchmarks a much earlier boundary date (than 1715) for the decease of Mary Babcock; setting a hard not-later-than date of June 1708 for the death of Mary Babcock; if one allows for a year of grieving and adjustment, then this would suggest Mary Babcock was likely deceased by mid-1707. So deductions based on primary source information gathered to this point suggest that Mary Babcock was married to William Tanner Sr. not later than March 1692, and that she died by mid 1707; furthermore it is certain that any children born to William Tanner from February 1709 and thereafter could not be the children of Mary Babcock but were by William Tanner Sr's. third wife Elizabeth. It is possible, that Wm Sr and Mary's marriage date and Mary's death date happened earlier than these postulated dates, but the cited primary records constrain these to be not-later-than dates. As the next iteration in this study, the subject turns to identifying and verifying the children of William Tanner, in general, and those by Mary (Babcock) Tanner, in particular. The preferred starting point for this topic is the principal secondary source for North American Tanner family history; the 1910 Tanner genealogy entitled [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066373119&view=1up&seq=9 ''William Tanner, Sr. of South Kingstown, Rhode Island and his Descendants,''] by Dr. George C. Tanner. This text has proven to be a reasonably reliable and durable information source for the Tanner family and provides a pre-vetted enumeration of the children of William Tanner and his second wife Mary Babcock [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066373119&view=1up&seq=14 page 6], as well as the children of William Tanner and his other wives. Dr. George C. Tanner's notes that his information source identifying the children of William Tanner Sr. and his third wife, Elizabeth, was provided by [[Tanner-3000|Rev Francis Brown Tanner (1793-1874)]], the great grandson of Wm and Elizabeth, and the information was derived from family records documented in a now-lost Tanner Family Bible. The family structure Dr. George C. Tanner documents for William Tanner Sr. in his 1910 Tanner genealogy is as follows:
#) Child of William Tanner & ____ Tibbetts: ##) William, b about 1687, S Kingstown, RI; d 1757, N Kingstown, RI #) Children of William Tanner & Mary Babcock, order uncertain: ##) Benjamin, b 24 Dec 1692 ##) John ##) Avis m. 18 April 1723 Thomas Barber. ##) Mary #) Children of William Tanner & Elizabeth (maiden name unknown, possibly Colgrove): ##) Francis, b 3 Jul 1708; ##) Nathan, b 20 Feb 1710 ##) Anna, b 14 Mar 1712 ##) Rebecca, b 2 Jul 1714 ##) Elizabeth, b 14 Nov 1717 ##) Abigail, b 17 Oct 1719 #) Children of William Tanner and Elizabeth ____ Gardiner Cottrell (maiden name possibly Gardiner): ##) None. The first order of business is then to identify and reconcile differences between this list of children and other information sources heretofore identified. Exceptions are as follows #) Nathan was born in 1710 vs 1709. ''{This date difference is likely an artifact of Julian vs Gregorian calendar dating, with 1710 likely the more correct date.}'' #) Francis is identified as the first child of Wm's third wife Elizabeth, and his 3 Jul 1708 birth date resets Mary (Babcock) Tanner's latest possible death date backward in time to sometime on or before 1706. Note that the information source to substantiate this birth date is presently (May 2023) uncertain. #) John, Avis and Mary are introduced as children of Wm Sr. and Mary (Babcock) Tanner, and are corroborated by the Samuel West Memorandum. #) Jane, Rachel, and Dorcas cited in the Samuel West Memorandum are absent from George Tanner's list of children. The best explanation for this difference is that the discovery and publication of Samuel West's Memorandum did not happen until 1924 and George Tanner was simply unaware of this document in 1910, hence, the information was not part of his knowledge base. It has been previously demonstrated that there is good evidence that Jane Tanner is indeed the daughter of Wm Sr. and Mary and should be added to George Tanner's list of children. Rachel and Dorcas are another matter, as no evidence other than Samuel West's Memorandum has been found to corroborate their existence. There could be a number of explanations for this anomaly, but one probable explanation is that they were known to Jane (Tanner) West as sisters, but died young and are buried in one of the four "child" size graves at the foot of William and Mary in the Tanner cemetery plot: {{Image|file=Tanner-290.png |align=m |size=l |caption=Map of the William Tanner family cemetery plot. }} The preceding analysis has established, with a reasonable probability, that Mary Babcock wife of William Tanner Sr. was born on or about 1673, was married to Wm on or about 1691/2 and died on or about 1705/6. If William and Mary produced a child every two years as was typical for the era, then with these boundary dates they may have had as many as seven to eight children prior to her death. The foregoing analysis has presented an evidence based case that Benjamin, and Jane were indeed children of Wm and Mary, and following will examine the evidence that John, Mary, and Avis Tanner were also children of William and Mary Babcock. It seems probable that Rachel and Dorcas were also children of William Tanner Sr. but the naming sequence in the Samuel West Memorandum casts doubt as to whether they were the children of Mary Babcock or his third wife, Elizabeth. As a preliminary observation, it may be noted that John, Mary, and Avis are specifically excluded from the list of children of William and Elizabeth in the Frances Tanner cited family Bible, likewise they are specifically excluded from the Will of Henry Tibbetts, hence if there is evidence they are children of Wm Tanner Sr. and born between 1692 and 1706, then by default it becomes nearly certain that their mother was Mary Babcock. ====John Tanner==== As with all of the children of Mary (Babcock) Tanner, there are no primary records directly linking her as the mother of John Tanner. However, there are primary records for John Tanner and the first of these appears in the Western Rhode Island historical record database with a set of [[#John_Tanner|Charlestown, Rhode Island birth records]] documented for his family. There are two key pieces of information to be extracted from these documents which figure into the Mary (Babcock) Tanner narrative, in particular the birth of his first child:

'''Joseph Tanner, of John and Jane, was born 2 Feb 1719 at Charlestown, Rhode Island. '''

establishes a timeline stake and geographic location for John Tanner from which his birth date may reliably be estimated to have been between 1694 and 1698. Furthermore, it places John Tanner at the right time and place to have been a child of William Tanner Sr. and Mary (Babcock) Tanner. The second piece of relevant information in the Charlestown records may be found in the following marriage record:

'''John Tanner married [[West-286|Susannah West]] of Frances, by William Hall, Justice, 9 May 1723.'''

which is significant because Susannah West is the niece of William West, husband of Jane Tanner, and the first cousin of Thomas Barber husband of Avis Tanner, both asserted to have been daughters of Mary Babcock. Thus, three of the five probable children of William Tanner Sr. and Mary Babcock married closely related (first or second generation) descendants of [[Soule-79|Susannah (Soule) West (abt.1642-aft.1684)]]. The third primary document to link John Tanner to William Tanner Sr. and by the preceding argument also Mary Babcock, is a 23 Dec 1730 land deed in which William Tanner Sr. gifts a 75 acre parcel of his real estate to John Tanner:

'''William Tanner of South Kingstown, for love good will , etc., to son John Tanner of Westerly, blacksmith, ... land lying in Westerly ... Seventy five acres, bounded ... west on land once Thomas Winterton's, north on land of Peleg Mumford, east on Mumford Mill River, south on land of Nathan Tanner. Signed William Tanner, Elizabeth (X) Tanner (her mark). In the presence of Francis Tanner and Isaac Sheldon. '''

Thus providing irrefutable primary evidence that John Tanner was indeed the son of William Tanner Sr. and strong circumstantial evidence that his mother was Mary Babcock. These primary records also provide a circumstantial link between John Tanner and his siblings, Jane, Avis, Francis and Nathan.

====Avis (Tanner) Barber==== Dr. George C. Tanner lists Avis Tanner as a daughter of William Tanner Sr. and Mary Babcock, offering two primary sources which place Avis Tanner in the South Kingstown, Rhode Island area from 1723 to 1762 and provide circumstantial evidence that Avis Tanner grew up in the South Kingstown, RI farm community where the only known Tanner household, at the time, was that of William Tanner Sr. Note these sources do not explicitly link Avis to either William nor Mary. The first reference is a 18 April 1723 South Kingstown marriage record between Avis Tanner and Thomas Barber. Here it should be noted that Thomas Barber is a son of Moses Barber and Susannah West; and this lineage provides substantiation for a link between Avis (Tanner) Barber to William and Mary Tanner in the following manner: first of all Moses Barber was a long time, next door to William and Mary Tanner, therefore Avis Tanner and Thomas Barber would have known each other due solely on the basis of physical proximity from the earliest days of their childhood. Secondly, the marriage of Avis Tanner to Thomas Barber is one of three marriages between the children of William Tanner and the descendants of Susannah West, adding affirmation of a tight coupling of these two families by marriage. Third, the Hopkinton Seventh Day Baptist Church records Avis Barber, daughter of Thomas and Avis (Tanner) Barber, in the 1780 Hopkinton Seventh Day Baptist Church membership roll, affirming a link between Avis (Tanner) Barber and William Tanner by association in the same tight knit church. The second reference lists Avis (Tanner) Barber as the executor of her husband's Exeter, RI estate in 1762, confirming Avis to have remained a resident of the Southwest Rhode community for the duration of her lifetime. As a final note the Samuel West Memorandum also documents Avis Tanner to have been a sister to Wm, Benjamin, John, Mary and Jane, and a daughter of Francis Tanner and ____ Babcock, where the conflation of the names Francis and William as her father have been previously addressed. Thereby providing an independent confirmation of the previously asserted parent-child-siblings links between Avis Tanner and her birth family. ====Mary (Tanner) Willett==== Dr. George C. Tanner attributes a second daughter, [[#Mary_Willett|Mary]], to the marriage union of William Tanner Sr. and Mary Babcock, but as before there is no primary birth document to substantiate this assertion. However, George Tanner's research and writing creates a strong circumstantial case of fact-based evidence to support this assertion. George Tanner's 1910 Tanner Genealogy offers abstracts from three primary information sources to establish the family connection. The first of these is [[#Lawrence_Jr|a gut-wrenching tale of tragedy]] to be found in the town records of North Kingstown, Rhode Island:

'''April 8, 1728, Benjamin Tanner appears before the Council and declares that his sister Mary Willett, deceased, gave him her son Lawrence Willett, then four years old, to be kept free of charge to the estate of Lawrence Willett (North Kingstown Records).'''

This narrative, authenticates a number facts: first Benjamin Tanner and Mary Tanner were siblings, hence confirming Mary (Tanner) Willett to have been a daughter of William Tanner Sr. Second, in order to have had a four year old son on 8 Apr 1728, Mary (Tanner) Willett would have been born or before 1705; assuming she was at least 18 years of age when she married. This, of course, sets the latest date of her birth within, but toward the end of the time period previously established to have been the years in which William Tanner Sr. and Mary Babcock were married, ergo providing strong circumstantial evidence to identify her as the daughter of both William Tanner Sr. and Mary Babcock.
===Sabbatarian Baptist Church=== The Sabbatarian Baptist Church of Westerly Rhode Island was the vital societal structure in seventeenth century western Rhode Island, and Mary Babcock, from the time of her birth, was of the third generation in this faith, and fully immersed in the life of this church. The Babcock, Crandall, and Tanner surnames are prominent among the membership rolls of the Sabbatarian or Seventh Day Baptist Church of Hopkinton, Rhode Island. The roots of Mary Babcock's association with the Sabbatarian Baptist Church of Rhode Island begin with her grandfather, [[Crandall-3|John Crandall (bef.1618-1676)]], who was sent out by the original Newport Sabbatarian Baptist church, to occupy and establish a possession claim to the western border of Rhode Island. The free exercise of religious expression had emerged as a major issue in the Colonies from the earliest days of settlement. The Puritans of Massachusetts and Connecticut, had established a society where their churches were central to the religious and civic activity of their communities, a reflection of the traditional organizational structure of their Anglican, English roots. That is to say, the Puritans had set up a theocratic form government whereby the church was also in control of the government and civic law. Furthermore, as the New England Puritans had been oppressed by their Anglican brethren in England, and had sacrificed much to establish what they considered a right and correct practice of their faith in New England, they jealously guarded their power structure which had enabled them to establish and control a religious order in accordance with their understanding of true faith; competing religious ideologies were outlawed and dissenters were zealously suppressed. The Baptists, who advocated for the baptism of only professing believers by immersion, stood in contrast to the Puritan's tradition of baptizing infants by sprinkling and as the Baptist view was logically more aligned with numerous scriptural descriptions of the sacrament, they were a threat to the Puritan theocracy. The Puritans had codified their method of baptism into the civil law and made it illegal for anyone other than the authorized Puritan clergy to perform the rite of baptism in their communities; anyone who dared violate this edict was subject to fines, beatings, and/or imprisonment. Hence the Baptists and other dissimilar religious sects were driven from the Massachusetts and Connecticut Puritan communities and sought shelter elsewhere. This, of course, was the impetus that prompted [[Williams-934|Roger Williams (abt.1606-1683)]] and [[Clarke-37|John Clarke (bef.1609-1676)]] to set up a literal island of religious freedom on Rhode Island in 1643 and drove them to press the English monarchy for an operational charter authorizing free expression of religious conviction within the Rhode Island territory. Their efforts were successful and in 1663, King Charles II, was intrigued by and agreed to this experiment in conscience-based expression of religious faith, and signed the [https://www.sos.ri.gov/divisions/civics-and-education/for-educators/themed-collections/rhode-island-charter Royal Charter of Rhode Island] which established Rhode Island as the first Colony to grant its citizens the right to free expression of their religious conscience without interference from the government. Needless to say, the safe-harbor charter did not solve the problem as it gave the the dissenters a territorial toe-hold, but was relevant only to the small island called Aquidneck and they were surrounded by their Puritan adversaries in Massachusetts and Connecticut. The size and location of the territory covered by the charter was of doubtful sustainability, nevertheless the island quickly became a thriving melting pot of Baptists, Quakers, Jews and Catholics. Meanwhile, the Rhode Islanders immediately recognized the danger of the charter's limitations binding this freedom only to main island, motivating an investor group (made up of mostly Baptists), to pool their funds in order to expand their territory. In 1660, while John Clark was still in England negotiating for the Island's Charter, this group purchased a large tract of land from the sachem Sosoa known as the [https://seewesterly.com/the-three-histories-of-misquamicut-1632-present-part-1/ Misquamicut Purchase], which includes the present day town of Westerly, and parts of Hopkinton, Richmond, and Charlestown. (Thorngate, page xxxvii) It is this purchase that brings the story back to Mary Babcock, as it was this purchase that motivated the church to send out a group of emissaries to consummate the purchase and occupy the property in order to set and protect their western frontier border from territorial claims and incursion by their Puritan adversaries in Massachusetts and Connecticut. Mary's grandfathers [[Crandall-3|John Crandall (bef.1618-1676)]] and [[Badcock-477|James (Badcock) Babcock (1612-1679)]] (along with her father Job Babcock) were prominent among the group who resettled at Westerly around 1662 on this dangerous mission, critical to the survival of the Baptist ideology in New England. For a period of about 10 years the Crandalls and Babcocks were on the front line of a contentious border dispute between Conn, Mass and RI, until the officially recognized western border was established by the English Crown in 1671. A more in-depth account of this story may be found in the [[#MM_Address|dedication message]], delivered by Rev. William Clarke Whitford to the faithful gathered on August 28, 1899 to remember and honor the work of their early leadership with the unveiling of a enduring monument created for that purpose. A copy of this oration is published in the booklet entitled, ''Dedication of Ministers' Monument.'' [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Clarke_(Baptist_minister) Dr. John Clark] was the founder of the Baptist Church in Rhode Island, and the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seventh_Day_Baptists Sabbatarian Baptists] were an offshoot of John Clark's church; they were set apart from other Christian sects of the day, not only by their by their method of Baptism, but also by their choice to observe the Sabbath day as their day of worship, rather than Sunday. These distinctives set the denomination apart from their Puritan Christian peers who had enacted so-called "blue laws" in their communities prohibiting servile work on Sunday, and this was the backdrop for Mary's 1673 introduction to the world. From the perspective of an investigating genealogist, their association with the Seventh Day Baptist Church is very significant as there is overwhelming evidence that the distinctives of the sect introduced an element of isolation for members of this denomination whom then exhibited a long and strong propensity to marry within their own church membership. Here it should be noted that, William Tanner had also associated himself with the same Sabbatarian Baptist church community, hence providing another circumstantial affirmation for the connection between William Tanner Sr. and Mary Babcock as husband and wife. Furthermore, this legacy is clearly repeated in the descendants of Mary Babcock, who continued to intermarry within the church membership, often three to four generations after her demise. There are several Sabbatarian church documents which shed light onto the family of Mary (Babcock) Tanner, though they do not specifically mention her by name; hence the information regarding Mary (Babcock) Tanner must be inferred or deduced (based on the prior narrative) from these sources. The first of these documents is the previously mentioned August 28, 1899 pamphlet entitled, ''Dedication of Ministers' Monument,''] which in addition to providing a historical narrative of the Sabbatarian Baptists at Westerly and Newport, it also provides a list of names of individuals associated with the SDBC church in Westerly during the second half of the seventeenth century, that is the period prior to the official start of the church charter in 1708. From this list the following subset of SDBC names are connected to Mary Babcock and or her husband, William Tanner, in the specified manner: * [[Badcock-477|James (Badcock) Babcock (1612-1679)]], grandfather of Mary Babcock. * [[Barber-158|Moses Barber (abt.1652-aft.1728)]], farm neighbor to William and Mary Babcock near their Hall Purchase farm; father of Thomas Barber, son-in-law of Wm and Mary (Babcock) Tanner. * [[Brand-57|Thomas Brand III (abt.1678-abt.1766)]], grandfather to Benjamin Brand, husband of Rebecca Tanner, child of Wm Tanner and third wife, Elizabeth. Not Mary Tanner's child. * [[Burdick-93|Robert Burdick (abt.1630-1692)]] grandfather of Mary Rogers, wife of John Tanner and daughter-in-law of Mary Babcock. * [[Colgrove-17|Francis Colgrove (abt.1663-1759)]]; grandfather of Elizabeth Colegrove, wife of Benjamin Tanner. Elizabeth (Colegrove) Tanner was the daughter-in-law of Mary Babcock. * [[Cottrell-7|Nicholas Cottrell I (abt.1622-1680)]], grandfather of Mary (Cottrell) Tanner, wife of Nathan Tanner. Nathan was the son of Wm Tanner's third wife Elizabeth. * [[Crandall-3|John Crandall (bef.1618-1676)]], grandfather of Mary (Babcock) Tanner. * [[Hall-427|Henry Hall (abt.1637-abt.1705)]], original investor and developer of the Hall purchase, sold a farm from this purchase to Wm. Tanner. * [[Lewis-3452|John Lewis Sr (abt.1630-abt.1690)]], grandfather of Joanna Lewis Tanner, first wife of Benjamin Tanner. Joanna was a daughter-in-law of Mary Babcock. * [[Sheldon-234|John Sheldon (abt.1630-abt.1704)]], neighbor to Wm and Mary Babcock, one of the original Hall purchase farms. Grandfather of Ellizabeth (Sheldon) Tanner, wife of Francis Tanner. Francis was the son of Wm. Tanner and third wife Elizabeth. * [[Stillman-17|George Stillman III (1679-1760)]], father of Deborah Stillman, second wife of Benjamin Tanner. Deborah was the daughter-in-law of Mary Babcock.. * [[Tanner-290|William Tanner Sr. (abt.1657-abt.1740)]], husband of Mary Babcock * [[Stanton-68|Thomas Stanton (1638-1718)]], original owner of the North Kingstown farm land gifted to William Tanner Jr. by Henry Tibbetts. * Thomas West, possibly [[West-670|Thomas West (1684-abt.1728)]], brother of William and Susanna West Around the turn of the nineteenth century, under the auspices of the General Assembly, James Newell Arnold published a twenty-one volume set of Vital Records of Rhode Island. Included within these publications are the early membership rolls of the Newport, RI Seventh Day Baptist Church in Volume Seven, and the Hopkinton, RI Seventh Day Baptist Church in Volume Ten. From the initial missionary placement of Newport Baptists into Westerly in 1661 until the formal founding of the Westerly Church in 1708, the two locations operated as a single church organization whereby the Newport Church membership included congregants from both locations. The following list includes Westerly-based members related to Mary Babcock name in the Newport membership roll : * Job Babcock,1692; probably the father of Mary Babcock. * John Crandall, 1692; probably Mary Babcock's uncle; a brother to her mother Jane (Crandall) Babcock. * John Tanner, 28 Aug 1737; this John Tanner was almost certainly NOT the son of William Tanner and Mary Babcock as their son [[Tanner-309|John Tanner (abt.1694-aft.1777)]] was living and having children in Charleston, Rhode Island concurrent with this membership date. Dr. George Tanner, on [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066373119&view=1up&seq=15&q1=John page 7] of his 1910 Tanner Genealogy, states that this John Tanner was likely a nephew of William Tanner Sr. In a similar fashion, Arnold's Volume Ten publishes the earliest membership roll of the Hopkinton (Westerly) Rhode Island Seventh Day Baptist Church. As a precautionary note, these Sabbatarian Church Membership Records lack detail, offering merely a name and the years logged in the membership rolls. However, given the limited population, the specific locale, individual names with birth and death dates, and the propensity for membership clusters to coalesce from a single family group, this is often enough information to deduce a high probability cross reference placement for the name on the membership roll to a particular Wikitree identity, and a best effort attempt to provide this cross reference information for the early Hopkinton Church is available in the following free space profile: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:Cross_Reference_between_Hopkinton_Seventh_Day_Baptist_Church_Membership_Roll_to_Wikitree_Profile ''Hopkinton RI Sabbatarian Membership Roll Cross Reference.''] A word of caution, the cross reference correlation is not definitive, and may or may not be correct, but is very useful as a starting point for evaluating the identities of the individuals named in the Hopkinton membership roll. Arnold's Hopkinton Sabbatarian Baptist Church membership roll contains numerous individuals previously cited as family members, by name and membership dates, connected to Mary (Babcock )Tanner as follows: There are two entries in this Hopkinton, RI., SDBC membership roll for a Mary Tanner; of all of the cited primary references for Mary (Babcock) Tanner, these entries are perhaps the most difficult to reconcile with the heretofore evidence-based narrative thus far presented. Dr. George Tanner cites this membership roll in his 1910 Tanner genealogy, but he does NOT offer his opinion regarding the identity of these two Mary Tanners, nor do any of the other published Tanner genealogies. The Mary Tanner identities on the Hopkinton SDBC membership roll are as follows: * Mary Tanner Jr.,: Membership dates: Charter member (1708), 1712; 5 Sep 1712. * Mary Tanner: Membership dates: 5 Sep 1712; 1718; and 1740. So the question becomes who were these two Mary Tanners? One possible answer might be that Mary Tanner Jr. was Mary (Babcock) Tanner, wife of William Tanner, and the other Mary Tanner was her daughter. If this identity assertion is correct, then Mary (Babcock) Tanner would have to have been alive until at least 5 Sep 1712; and this result stands in direct conflict with the prior observations that the mother of William Tanner's sons Francis, born in 1708, and Nathan, born in 1710, was a woman named Elizabeth and NOT Mary. Furthermore, why add the Jr. differentiator suffix to the membership identity if it was Mary (Babcock) Tanner? She was the eldest known Mary Tanner and if this membership record was for her, then the suffix would be expected to be Sr. NOT Jr. Furthermore, if this interpretation is correct, then it would be expected that the second Mary Tanner on the membership would have been her daughter Mary (Tanner) Willett. This too has a number of issues if the second Mary Tanner membership identity is for her daughter: 1) it then is this identity that should have a suffix Jr. (but does not); 2) daughter Mary Tanner was married to Lawrence Willett circa 1718 and thus would have been Mary Willett, not Mary Tanner in 1718, and 3). Mary (Tanner) Willett died in 1728, but by this identity association would appear to still be a member in 1740. Therefore, this interpretation seems improbable. Consider an alternative assignment of the identities; assuming the analysis offered in this essay is correct, then Mary (Babcock) Tanner was deceased prior to the 1708 date of charter membership and identity of Mary Tanner Jr on the membership roll, is by default almost certainly Mary (Tanner) Willett, the daughter of Mary (Babcock) Tanner. This would then correctly explain the Jr. designation, explain why Mary Jr. was not on the 1718 roll (because she was married and thence Mary Willett), and as her birth date appears to have been about 1796 (or so) a 1708 charter membership date would be plausible, but does seem to be a bit young for membership, though a profession of faith and baptism by a twelve year old would certainly have been possible. Therefore, the evidence supports daughter Mary (Tanner) Willett as the correct identity association with the Mary Tanner Jr. membership identity; but the other Mary Tanner in membership roll is another matter entirely. Having assigned daughter Mary Tanner as the Mary Tanner Jr. member, there is then no other known Mary Tanner identity in the William Tanner family that could reasonably correlated to this Mary Tanner membership identity. Son, Wm Tanner Jr., is married to a Hannah in 1712; son, Benjamin, is married to a Joanna, but not until 1715; and son John is married to Jane Shelley also in 1715. Therefore, there is no available daughter-in-law (of Wm Tanner Sr.) named Mary Tanner to correlate to the membership, leaving the unsatisfying result that the identity of this second Mary Tanner member is unknown with no probable connection to any known member of the William Tanner family. * Mary Tanner Jr., probable ID; daughter Mary (Tanner) Willett, daughter of Wm Tanner and Mary Babcock. This membership identity fits prior to her marriage to Lawrence Willett in circa 1718.; the absence of name on the 1718 membership roll suggests that she was married, hence then Mary Willett, prior to this whereafter she would have been Mary Willett. ** Membership dates: Charter member (1708), 1712; 5 Sep 1712. * Mary Tanner, probable ID: unknown. ** Membership dates: 5 Sep 1712; 1718; and 1740. Other HSDBC members related to Mary (Babcock) Tanner: * William Tanner, probable ID: husband of Mary (Babcock). ** Membership dates: Charter member (1708), 1712; 5 Sep 1712; 1718; and 1740. * Mary Tanner J, probable ID; daughter Mary (Tanner) Willett, daughter of Wm Tanner and Mary Babcock. This membership identity fits prior to her marriage to Lawrence Willett in circa 1718., whereafter she would have been Mary Willett. ** Membership dates: Charter member (1708), 1712; 5 Sep 1712. * Benjamin Tanner, probable ID: son of William Tanner and Mary Babcock. ** Membership dates: 5 Sep 1712; 1718; and 1740. ''{Note this would suggest Benjamin would have retained his membership in the Hopkinton Church even after moving to West Greenwich circa 1734.}'' * Mary Tanner, probable ID: unknown. ** Membership dates: 5 Sep 1712; 1718; and 1740. * Jean Tanner, probable ID: daughter Jane Tanner, daughter of Wm Tanner and Mary Babcock (prior to her marriage to William West, circa 1722), or possibly daughter-in-law Jane (Shelley) Tanner, wife of John Tanner. ** Membership date: 1718. * Elizabeth Gardiner Tanner, probable ID: fourth wife of William Tanner, married in 1722 or 1723. ** Membership date: 1740. * Joannah Tanner, probable ID; daughter-in-law Joanna (Lewis) Tanner wife of son Benjamin. ** Membership date: 1740. * Mary Vilett, probable ID: grand daughter of Mary (Babcock) Tanner, daughter of Mary (Willett) Tanner. ** Membership date: before 1750. * Mercy Babcock, probable ID: sister of Mary (Babcock) Tanner. ** Membership dates: 5 Sep 1712; 1718. * Francis West, possible ID: grandson of Wm and Mary (Babcock) Tanner. Son of William West and Jane Tanner. As this Francis West was only age ten in 1740, it may be more probable that this [[West-7120|Francis West (abt.1706-abt.1786)]] was a brother to [[West-286|Susannah (West) Tanner (abt.1697-aft.1742)]] the wife of [[Tanner-309|John Tanner (abt.1694-aft.1777)]]. ** Membership dates: 1740, July 1768. * Avis Barber, probable ID: granddaughter of Wm and Mary (Babcock) Tanner. Daughter of Thomas Barber and Avis Tanner. ** Membership dates: 19 Aug 1780 ===King Philip's War=== In addition to the battle for the free practice of religious expression, a second major historical conflict of this era to impact the life of Mary Babcock was [https://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/king-philips-war King Phillip's War] of 1675 and 1676. This was a war for regional domination fought between the Wampanoag tribe led by Metacomet, also known as Philip, who managed to also entangle the Narragansetts and the Nipmucs in his campaign against the English Colonists. King Philip's war strategy was to wage a terror campaign on outlying English settlements designed to eradicate the English from of the region and re-establish exclusive tribal power over the territory. It was undoubtedly the deadliest and most costly war, on a per capita basis, ever fought in US history; both sides suffered heavy casualties but ultimately the Wampanoag and Narragansett tribes were decimated and the colonists were left to claim New England as the spoils of war. Nevertheless, during this 1675-1676 period, the outcome of the war was uncertain and had forced the colonists to consolidate and unite in order to improve their probability of survival. For Mary Babcock, perhaps three years old at the time, the war meant the Baptist settlement at Westerly was endangered and indefensible, and all of the Westerly settlers (including Mary) at Westerly abandoned their homes and became refugees at Newport from whence they came. It wasn't until xxxx that the Westerly settlers returned and rebuilt the town. ===Death=== As a recap of the evidence previously offered in this essay, it may be stated with a high degree of certainty that Mary (Babcock) Tanner was deceased prior to 1707. The 26 March 1715 will of her father establishes, with near 100% certainty, that she was deceased prior to the date this will document was written. In addition, evidence linking Francis Tanner, born in 1708 and Nathan Tanner, born in 1710 as the sons of William Tanner Sr. and a subsequent wife Elizabeth, pushes the date of her death to some time in or before 1707. Mary (Babcock) Tanner was buried on the family farm and a [https://images.findagrave.com/photos/2018/98/188683155_1523319363.jpg field stone] bearing the mark M. T. presently preserves the location of her burial on their family farm, presently the property of the [https://www.google.com/maps/place/309+Laurel+Ln,+West+Kingston,+RI+02892/@41.4908574,-71.6078529,1728m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m6!3m5!1s0x89e5c7a69d25c941:0x1e9c69a67923a275!8m2!3d41.48984!4d-71.604236!16s%2Fg%2F11csl16bz5?hl=en&entry=ttu Laurel Lane Country Club]. ===Mary Babcock in Published Genealogies === Research for this essay has managed to identify and collect eleven published genealogies offering a glimpse into the life of Mary (Babcock) Tanner. The first four from this list, i.e. Bartlett (1857), Austin (1887), Wheeler (1900), and Babcock (1903), are pre-1905 genealogical publications in which Mary Babcock is briefly mentioned as a child of Job Babcock whom married a Tanner. In 1905 Dr. George C. Tanner published what has become the "gold standard" of Tanner Genealogies entitled [https://archive.org/details/williamtannerofn00lctann/page/n8 ''William Tanner, of North Kingstown, Rhode Island and His Descendants'',] followed by an updated, upgraded, and enhanced version in 1910, in which Dr. Tanner provides an in-depth look at the life and family of William Tanner Sr. including his second wife Mary Babcock along with a library of allusions to the source material he had gathered to substantiate his narrative. The information offered in these publications have weathered well the erosive effects of the last 113 years and most subsequent and modern family genealogies have uncritically copied the information offered in the 1905 edition of Dr. Tanner's work. It should be stated here that the 1905 edition of Dr. Tanner's work has historically been far more well-known and accessible than his later 1910 edition, which has only recently become more available on through the internet. With the benefit of 113 years of hindsight and generations of genealogical scrutiny and subsequent research, it is now possible to provide the following information errata list, with regard to Mary Babcock, from Dr. Tanner's original publications: '''Errata in the 1905 edition: #) page 10: [[Tanner-308|Thomas Tanner Sr. (abt.1694-bef.1750)]] was not the son of William Tanner and Mary Babcock as asserted by Dr. Tanner. Refer to the profile of Thomas Tanner where evidence is offered to affirm that Thomas was the son of John Tanner. It is possible John and William Tanner are brothers, but there is no evidence to support this possibility. Dr. Tanner corrected this in the 1910 edition of his genealogy. #) page 11: Dr. Tanner's list of Wm Tanner's offspring, identifies Francis, Nathan, Anna, Rebecca, Elizabeth, and Abigail to have been the offspring of Wm and Elizabeth Cottrill, this is incorrect as Wm and Elizabeth Cottrell were not married until 1722. His assertion that Elizabeth Cottrill was the third wife of Wm Tanner, and mother of Francis, Nathan, etc. was addressed and corrected in the 1910 edition. ''{viz Elizabeth Cottrell was Wm Tanner's fourth wife and that she had no children with William.}'' From the footnote to list of Wm Tanner's children:

It appears that William Tanner 1st m., 1st, the dau. of Henry Tibbitts; 2nd, Mary Babcock, dau. of Job Babcock of Westerly; 3rd, Elizabeth Cottrill. To the 1st we assign William of North Kingstown; to the 2nd, Benjamin, Thomas, John, Avis and Mary; '''to the 3rd, the remaining ch.'''

'''Errata in the 1910 edition: #) [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066373119&view=1up&seq=14 page 6:] Dr. Tanner asserts in this edition, that [[Tanner-308|Thomas Tanner Sr. (abt.1694-bef.1750)]] is the son of Benjamin Tanner. This assertion is also INCORRECT. Thomas Tanner was the son of [[Tanner-906|John Tanner (abt.1650-)]]. Refer to the profile of Thomas Tanner for evidence supporting this correction. As previously noted, Dr. Tanner is the first published genealogist to identify ---- ==Genealogical Records== The following section of this profile provides detailed information found in the collected information sources. The purpose of this section is to provide the reader access to the information contained within the cited sources; to examine the genealogical record for areas of data corroboration and conflict, and to establish a hierarchy of reliability for the cited information. In addition, this section provides a platform to analyze, cross-correlate, and comment on important aspects of the cited historical data record. ===Vital Records=== *Primary Source, Arnold, [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819984#page/n9/mode/2up ''Vital Records of Rhode Island. 1636-1850, Volume 5. Washington County''] Arnold, James N., Editor of the Narragansett Historical Register, ''[[Space:Vital records of Rhode Island, 1636-1850|Vital Record of Rhode Island, 1636-1850,]]'' Providence, RI., Narragansett HIstorical Publishing Co., 1894. Twenty one Volume set of Early Rhode Island Vital records compiled by from James Arnold. [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819984#page/n9/mode/2up ''Vital Record of Rhode Island. 1636-1850, Volume 5. Washington County--Title page Archive.org''] Volume 5, Early Vital records from North Kingston, Washington County, Rhode Island for William Tanner; Data Extract: :#) [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819984#page/n219/mode/2up/search/Tanner ''South Kingstown, RI Births;'' Page 57:] Nathan Tanner, '''son of William and Elizabeth Tanner was born 20 Feb 1709.''' :#) [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819984#page/n195/mode/2up/search/Tanner ''South Kingstown RI Marriage Records;'' Page 32:] Nathan Tanner married Mary Cottrell, by Isaac Sheldon, Justice on 28 May 1734. ''{Editorial Mary Cottrell was Nathan's step sister, the daughter of John Cottrell II and Elizabeth Gardiner Cottrell, the fourth wife of his father William Tanner}'' It is generally accepted (but not proven) that Mary Babcock was the birth mother of Benjamin Tanner, if this is correct, then the following Birth Record benchmarks an approximate marriage date for William Tanner and Mary Babcock to have been in 1691 or 1692: * Secondary Source documenting Primary Sources, James N. Arnold, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS3Q-8HFL?i=239 ''Vital Records of Rhode Island 1636-1850 Vol 1, West Greenwich Part III {Kent County}] Arnold, James N.; [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS3Q-8HFL?i=239 ''Vital Records of Rhode Island 1636-1850 Vol 1, West Greenwich Part III {Kent County}], Printed by E.A Johnson & Co., Providence, RI., 24 Nov 1890. Data Extract: :#) [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS3Q-8H66?i=295 ''Kent County Vital Records, Vol 1; West Greenwich, Kent County, RI., Births and Deaths;'' Page 98:] '''Benjamin Tanner was born 24 Dec 1692.''' ''{It is well known that early town clerks would record the vital data of citizens into the town record when they moved into the community. This appears the be the case of Benjamin Tanner, as it is known that his father Wm Tanner was a lifelong resident of South Kingstown (whence he was settled from his immigration), hence in all likelihood Benjamin was born in South Kingstown and did not move to West Greenwich until he was married and purchased land in said locale. The birth date of Benjamin Tanner was likely a data anchor in the record books for the births of his children in West Greenwich.}'' :##) '''Children of Benjamin Tanner: :###) Sarah, of Benjamin, 19 May 1716. :###) Mary, of Benjamin, 21 Feb 1719.. :###) Joanna, of Benjamin, 3 July 1721. :###) Content, of Benjamin, 8 Nov 1726. :###) Benjamin ''{Jr.}'', of Benjamin, 20 Aug 1730. :###) James, of Benjamin, 5 April 1733. :###) Deborah, of Benjamin, 22 Jan 1741. *Primary Source, Arnold, James N.; [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819984#page/n9/mode/2up ''Vital Records of Rhode Island. 1636-1850, Volume 5. Washington County''] Arnold, James N., Editor of the Narragansett Historical Register, ''[[Space:Vital records of Rhode Island, 1636-1850|Vital Record of Rhode Island, Vol 5, 1636-1850,]]'' Providence, RI., Narragansett HIstorical Publishing Co., 1894. Twenty one Volume set of Early Rhode Island Vital records compiled by from James Arnold. [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819984#page/n9/mode/2up ''Vital Record of Rhode Island. 1636-1850, Volume 5. Washington County--Title page Archive.org''] Volume 5, Early Vital records from Washington County, Rhode Island for John Tanner; Data Extract: :#) [https://archive.org/details/cu31924098819984/page/n469/search/Tanner ''Charlestown, RI. Births;'' Page 27:] Children of '''John and Jane Tanner''': :##) Joseph Tanner, '''of John and Jane''', was born 2 Feb 1719 at Charlestown, Rhode Island. :##) Jane Tanner, '''of John and Jane''', was born 24 Jan 1721 at Charlestown, Rhode Island. :#) [https://archive.org/details/cu31924098819984/page/n93/mode/2up/search/Tanner ''North Kingstown, RI Marriages;'' Page 45:] '''John Tanner married Susannah West of Frances, by William Hall, Justice, 9 May 1723. :##) [https://archive.org/details/cu31924098819984/page/n469/search/Tanner ''Charlestown, RI. Births;'' Page 27:] George Tanner, '''son of John and Susannah''', was born 9 Nov 1723 at Charlestown, Rhode Island. :##) Sarah Tanner, '''of John and Susannah''', was born 7 Oct 1720 ''{5?}'' at Charlestown, Rhode Island. :##) William Tanner, '''of John and Susannah''', was born 28 Feb 1727 at Charlestown, Rhode Island. :##) John Tanner ''{Jr.}'', '''of John and Susannah''', was born 11 Nov 1730 at Charlestown, Rhode Island. :##) Susannah Tanner, '''of John and Susannah''', was born 18 Feb 1732 at Charlestown, Rhode Island. :##) Mary Tanner, '''of John and Susannah''', was born 9 Jan 1734 at Charlestown, Rhode Island. :##) Esther Tanner, '''of John and Susannah''', was born 22 Aug 1738 at Charlestown, Rhode Island. :##) Job Tanner, '''of John and Susannah''', was born 5 April 1740 at Charlestown, Rhode Island. === Church Records === * A Secondary Source documenting Primary Sources, James Arnold, [https://archive.org/stream/vitalrecordsofrh02arno#page/n9/mode/2up ''Rhode Island, Vital Extracts, 1636-1899, Vol 10, Town and Church''] Arnold, James A., [https://archive.org/stream/vitalrecordsofrh02arno#page/n9/mode/2up ''Rhode Island, Vital Extracts, 1636-1899, Vol 10, Town and Church''] Published under the Auspices of the General Assembly, Providence, R.I., Narragansett Historical Publishing Co., 1898. :#) [https://archive.org/stream/vitalrecordsofrh02arno#page/114/mode/2up/search/Tanner ''First Sabbatarian Church of Hopkinton, ;'' Page 114:] Tanners listed on the Hopkinton Sabbatarian Baptist Membership Roll: The dates are from the revised list of members at the time given. :##) [http://www.sdbhistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/12-2_7thday.pdf Charter Members] 1708: William and Mary Jr. ''{Editorial these name entries have traditionally been interpreted as being William Tanner Sr. and Mary Babcock. However, as it is highly probable that Mary (Babcock) Tanner died at least a year prior to the birth of Francis, son of Wm and his 3rd wife Elizabeth, in 3 July 1708; it follows that Mary Babcock was deceased at least a year prior to the 1708 Charter Membership date and this entry could not be for her. At present, (21 Sept 2019) a scanned image of the original membership document has not been found to review; and this is important because '''if''' the original document is written as "William and Mary Tanner Jr.," then it would be certain that these charter members were William Tanner Jr. and a heretofor unknown first wife Mary (Unknown) Tanner, rather than his father William Tanner Sr. and Mary Babcock. It seems intuitively obvious that Mary Jr. is an artifact of Arnold's transcription process as it is highly unusual to find the Jr. designation used with a female first name, not to mention that Jr. has no meaning in the context of female descendancy; nevertheless Mary Tanner is not the only Mary Jr. to be found in this Arnold record as there is at least one other, Mary Witter Jr. on page 116. As William Tanner Jr. was born in 1686, he would have been 22, fully of age for church membership and marriage, in 1708; and thus this membership roll would also identify Mary ____ as his first wife. As a further argument that this Wm Tanner is Wm Tanner Jr., there is no record of an Elizabeth Tanner, the 1707-1719 third wife of Wm Tanner Sr. in the SDB Church rolls, but in 1740, Elizabeth Gardiner Tanner the fourth wife and widow (post 1730) of Wm Tanner Sr. appears on the roll after his death. }'' :##) 5 Sept 1712: Benjamin, Mary Jr., Mary, William. ''{Editorial: based on the comments for the charter members: Benjamin, Mary and William {Jr.} would be the children of William & Mary (Babcock) Tanner Sr.; and Mary Jr. would be the first wife of William Tanner Jr. The assertion that Mary Jr. is the wife of Wm Tanner Jr. is made stronger being present in the 1712 roll, as the 20 Feb 1709 birth ([https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819984#page/n153/mode/2up/search/Tanner Page 57:]) of Nathan Tanner, son of Wm Sr. and Elizabeth benchmarks, with certainty, the demise of Mary Babcock prior to this date, i.e. Mary Babcock was not alive to be on the church roll in 1712.}'' :##) 1712: William, Mary Jr. "{William and Mary Tanner Jr.}'' :##) 1718: Benjamin, Mary, William, Jean. ''{Benjamin, Mary, William, Jean--is probably the Jane Tanner in Soule , children of Wm Tanner Sr. Note in 1718, Mary Jr. asserted here as the first wife of William Tanner Jr. is missing from the church membership roll and presumed deceased sometime between 5 Sept 1712 and 1718.}'' :##) 1740: Benjamin, Mary, William, '''Elizabeth Gardiner''', Joannah, Joannah (2nd), Joseph, Nathan. ''{Benjamin, Mary, Nathan, and William Jr., are children of William Tanner Sr. '''Elizabeth Gardiner Tanner, is almost certainly the widow of William Tanner Sr. and John Cottrell; this three name SDB church membership identification provides a strong indication that her maiden name was Gardiner.''' Her three name identification, i.e. Elizabeth Gardiner Tanner, in the church membership roll was clearly a device to distinguish her from another, contemporary Elizabeth Tanner; who, in all likelihood, would have been Elizabeth (Reynolds) Tanner (not a listed SDBC member), the 1740 wife of SDBC member William Tanner Jr. Joannah, was probably Joanna (Lewis) Tanner, first wife of Benjamin Tanner, and Joseph & Joannah 2nd, were probably Joseph Tanner, son of John and Jane Tanner and his wife Joannah }'' :##) before 1750: Content (by her father John Maxson), Francis, ____ wife of Francis, Mary. :##) July, 1768: Content, Mary. * Secondary Source derived from Primary Sources, James Newell Arnold,[https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819992#page/n11/mode/2up ''Vital Records of Rhode Island. 1636-1850, Volume 7. Friends and Ministers''] Arnold, James Newell; [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819992#page/n11/mode/2up ''Vital Records of Rhode Island. 1636-1850, Volume 7; Friends and Ministers;''] published under the Auspices of the General Assembly, Providence, RI.; Narragansett Historical Publishing Co.; 1895. Available at: :#) Archive.org--free: [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819992#page/n11/mode/2up ''Vital Records of Rhode Island. 1636-1850, Volume 7; Friends and Ministers'']--Title page. :#) Ancestry.com--fee required [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/3897/41384_2421406273_0010-00127? ''Vital Record of Rhode Island. 1636-1850, Volume 7; Friends and Ministers''] Title page. [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/3897/41384_2421406273_0010-00692? ''Newport, RI., Sabbatarian Church Records (Arnold Vol. VII):] :#) [https://archive.org/details/cu31924098819992/page/622/mode/2up?view=theater&q=Sabbatarian ''First Sabbatarian Church of Newport;'' page 623 -634:] List of Members, Dec 12, 1671 - 1836. Members related to Mary (Babcock) Tanner: :##) Job Babcock, 1692 ''{Father?}'' :##) John Crandall, 1692 ''{Grandfather?}'' :##) John Tanner, Aug 28, 1737 ''{Son? or a different John Tanner?}'' :##) This Newport RI Sabbatarian Baptist church membership roll, the "mother church" of the Hopkinton Sabbatarian Baptist Church, contains no reference whatsoever to William Tanner nor Mary (Babcock) Tanner. * Secondary Source, Randolph R Beebe, [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:Cross_Reference_between_Hopkinton_Seventh_Day_Baptist_Church_Membership_Roll_to_Wikitree_Profile ''Cross Reference: 1708-1785 Hopkinton, RI SDBC members to Wikitree Profiles;''] Beebe, Randolph R.; [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:Cross_Reference_between_Hopkinton_Seventh_Day_Baptist_Church_Membership_Roll_to_Wikitree_Profile ''Cross Reference: 1708-1785 Hopkinton, RI SDBC members to Wikitree Profiles;''] Published in Wikitree Free Space profile, 2022. :#) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:Cross_Reference_between_Hopkinton_Seventh_Day_Baptist_Church_Membership_Roll_to_Wikitree_Profile ''Hopkinton SDBC Cross Reference member:''] * Secondary Source, ''Dedication of Ministers' Monument, August 28, 1899,'' [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/16255/dvm_LocHist004214-00015-0/25?backurl=https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/88375100/person/320114914455/facts/citation/942191584519/edit/record#?imageId=dvm_LocHist004214-00001-1 ''Dedication of Ministers' Monument, August 28, 1899,''] Published for the Association by The American Sabbath Tract Society, Plainfield, NJ., 1899. Data Extract; The following information has been extracted from a footnote on page 26 and 27 of the pamphlet commemorating the Dedication of the Ministers' Monument on August 23, 1899 at the First Hopkinton (Conn.) Cemetery. This footnote identifies a list of 133 men who were known (to the Sabbatarian Baptist Church) to have been associated with the SDBC movement in southwestern Rhode Island prior to the formation of the Hopkinton SDBC in 1708. These men have been identified as the progenitors of 5/6 of the Hopkinton SDBC membership, and their descendants comprised 2/3 of the ensuing church plants spawned by the Hopkinton church. The following is an abridged version of the list, limited to individuals known (from other documents) to have been either a business associate of William Tanner or to have been an ancestor of an individual known to have married a descendant of Wm Tanner. :#) [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/16255/dvm_LocHist004214-00015-0/25?backurl=https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/88375100/person/320114914455/facts/citation/942191584519/edit/record#?imageId=dvm_LocHist004214-00014-1 List of pre-1708 Seventh Day Baptist Church Progenitors:] Source footnote presents a tentative list of male immigrants and a few others, nearly all of whom settled in Rhode Island, especially in its Southwestern portion, and also in Southeastern, Connecticut, prior to the formation of the Westerly (now Hopkinton) church in 1708; and who themselves largely and very many of their descendants were, during the period occupied by the early pastors, connected with the Hopkinton SDB church, making in all fully five-sixths of its membership; furthermore, the descendants of these men account for over two-thirds of the membership of churches planted by the Hopkinton church in Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Jersey, and New York. The booklet does not specify how the author was informed of the SDBC association of the named individuals: :##) SDBC Men with descendants married into the family of William Tanner Sr. and his descendants: tJohn Allen, [[Aylesworth-32|Arthur Aylesworth, neighbor to Wm Tanner and his great grand daughter married Wm's Grandson]]; [[Babcock-348|James Babcock, grandfather of Wm Tanners second wife Mary Babcock]]; William Bailey, [[Barber-158|Moses Barber, son Thomas married Avis daughter of Wm Tanner]]; Elijah Berry, George Bliss, Edward Bliven, Edward Boss, Thomas Brand, John Briggs, James Barker, William Bassett, Samuel Beebe, Robert Bennett, George Brown, Robert Burdick, Peter Button, Abiah Carpenter, Robert Carr, Bryant Cartwright, Jeffrey Champlin, Benjamin Chase, Christopher Chester, Jeremiah Clarke, Joseph Clarke, [[Colgrove-17|Francis Colgrove, possibly the father of Wm Tanner's third wife Elizabeth]], Elizur Collins, [[Cottrell-7|Nicholas Cottrell, great grandfather of Wm Tanner's Cotrell step-children]], Hope Covey, [[Crandall-3|John Crandall, grandfather of Mary Babcock, wife of Wm Tanner, Sr.]]; [[Sheldon-211| John Sheldon Sr., neighbor to Wm Tanner, and grandfather of Elizabeth Sheldon, wife of Wm Tanner's son Francis]] :##) SDBC men who were known business associates of William Tanner Sr.: [[Hall-420|Henry Hall, sold South Kingston land to Wm Tanner; son James was a brother-in-law to Wm Tanner through the Babcock sisters]]; [[Lewis-3452|John Lewis]], [[Stanton-67|Thomas Stanton, original owner of Kingston land deeded to William Tanner by Grandfather Henry Tibbetts Jr.]] :#) [https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/16255/images/dvm_LocHist004214-00008-0?pId=12 ''Minister's Monument Dedication Address;'' page 10 - 31:] Contains a reproduction of the oration given by Rev. William Clarke Whitford, D.D., President of Milton College, to the gathering of Seventh Day Baptists to commemorate the contribution of the church forefathers on 28 Aug 1899 at the site of the monument honoring their work. This narrative provides a remarkable, in-depth history of the Seventh Day Baptist Church in Westerly Rhode Island from the very beginning of the story. === Death Records === *Primary Source, (burial); Tertiary Source (biography), ''Find A Grave Index'' * Find a Grave, database and images (Revision date: accessed 19 April 2023), memorial page for Mary Babcock Tanner (1678–1696), [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/77356754/mary-tanner ''Find a Grave Memorial ID 77356754;''] citing Tanner Cemetery, South Kingstown, Washington County, Rhode Island, USA; Maintained by M Tanner (contributor 47588861). Data Summary: :#) {{FindAGrave|77356754|sameas=yes}}: '''Mary (Babcock) Tanner was born in 1678 at USA, and she died 1696 (aged 17–18).''' ''{Editorial (RRB) Apr 2023: the best evidence available suggests Mary was born about 1672 or 3 and died about 1705, see narrative text.}'' :##) Marriage. Mary Babcock married William Tanner (1660–1736) in 1690. :##) Children: :###) Benjamin Tanner (1692–1767) :###) John Tanner (1694 – unknown) :#) BURIAL. Mary (Babcock) Tanner was buried in the Tanner Cemetery, South Kingstown, Washington County, Rhode Island, USA :##) Find a Grave Notes: "Mary (Babcock)daughter of Job & Jane (Crandall) Babcock of Westerly, in South Kingstown, Washington County, RI. Mary was born in Westerly, Washington County, RI. 1696 burial in the cemetery on their farm in South Kingston, RI. Her stone was photographed in 10/2011. " :##) [https://images.findagrave.com/photos/2018/98/188683155_1523319363.jpg Tombstone Photo:] Inscription,''' '' "M T" '' ===Probate Records=== * Primary Source, Job Babcock, [[#scanned_JBabcock_Will|''Last Will and Testament of Job Babcock of Westerly, Rhode Island'']] Babcock, Job; [[#scanned_JBabcock_Will|''Last Will and Testament of Job Babcock of Westerly, Rhode Island;'']] Town Records of Westerly, Rhode Island; 26 March 1715. Data Extract: :#) [[#scanned_JBabcock_Will|''Scanned image of Job Babcock Will;'']] '''Last Will and Testament of Job Babcock:''' The following is a full transcription of the Last will and Testament of Job Babcock, derived from a copy of the original text archived in the Town Records of Westerly, Rhode Island, followed by a scanned image of that original document.

"In the name of God amen. '''I Job Babcock of the Towne of Westerly in ye Colony of Rhoad Island''' & being att this present time in good helth and in my perfect Sound minde and memory blessed be God for itt. Due upon mature Consideration for Cause to make this Instrument my Last will & Testament as followeth:

Imprimis:

I Give unto '''my Son John Babcock''' my now dwelling house and my Grist mill with all that tertially belonging to said mill with the Streeme dame and all that small matter of Land and privilidges I have on and about said mill whoe I Doo apointt executor to this my Last will.
* Item: I Give unto '''my oldest Son Job Babcock''' one Shilling
* Item I Give unto '''my youngest Son Benjamin Babcock''' one Shilling ~~
* Item I Give unto my daughter Jane Braman one Shilling ~~
* Item I Give unto '''my daughter Sarah Hall''' one Shilling ~~
* '''Item I Give unto my daughter Mary Tanners: ''heirs'' one Shilling''' ~~
* Item I Give unto '''my daughter Elizabeth Brand''' one Shilling ~~
* Item I Give unto '''my daughter Hannah Babcock''' my fether Bed: with all the beding unto it with all my pewter and potts kittles dishes and spoons with all the Rest of my household stuff whether mentioned or omitted in this will or Instrument; ~~
* Item I Give unto '''my daughter Mercy Babcock''' one Shilling.
* Item I Doe order '''my Son John babcock who is hereby made executor''' to pay all my debts which are justly due from me and to resive what is Due to me and to pay all my funeral charges and to pay every one of the Legasys above mentioned forthwith after my decease and in Token that this is my Last Will and Testament thence hereunto '''sett my hand and a Seale this Twenty Sixth day of march one Thousand Seven hundred and fifteen.'''
Signed Sealed (the words ''& delivered'' obliterated before Signing) in presence of John Babcock, Samuel Clarke.... Job Babcock ''{his seale}'' "

'''Scanned image of the original Will of Job Babcock archived in the Town Records of Westerly, Rhode Island: {{Image|file=Babcock-348.png |align=c |size=xl |caption=Last Will and Testament of Job Babcock. }} * Primary Source, Francis Tanner, [https://www.familysearch.org/photos/artifacts/35625127 Last Will and Testament of Francis Tanner of Hopkinton, Rhode Island] Tanner, Francis; [https://www.familysearch.org/photos/artifacts/35625127 Last Will and Testament of Francis Tanner of Hopkinton, Rhode Island], Hopkinton, Rhode Island Town Records, 22 October 1776 Data Extract: :#) [https://www.familysearch.org/photos/artifacts/41554039? Transcription of Francis Tanner's Will] The preceding hot link connects to a full, eleven page transcription of '''Will of Frances Tanner, Hopkinton, Rhode Island, 22 October 1776.''' This transcription is free and freely available, hence, in the interest of brevity, an abridged subset of the information is presented here; please click on the hot link for access to the full transcript: :##) Bequeaths to son '''Josias my farm in South Kingstown... boundary which is the NW corner of the land I bought of my brother Benjamin Tanner, then to the land I bought of my brother Nathan Tanner.''' :##) Bequeaths to son Isaac Tanner my farm I formerly bought of my brother Nathan Tanner. In addition, I give... :##) Bequeath to son William Tanner the north part of my land in Hopkinton. :##) Bequeath to son Joshua Tanner, the south part of my Homestead in Hopkinton partially bounded the land of Nathan Tanner and Francis West. :##) Bequeath to sons William and Joshua Tanner my saw mill. :##) My will is that my wife Elizabeth Tanner shall have the use of a defined portion of my dwelling house, defined furnishings and provision. :##) Bequeath to my 3 daughters Amy, Dorcas, and Susannah, remaining lands, not already given away. :##) Witnessed by William?, Francis West, and Abel Tanner. :##) William West?, Francis West and Abel Tanner appeared in at the town Council 20 January 1777 to swear to the authenticity of the will. === Biographic and Genealogical References === '''1857: * Secondary Source, John Russell Bartlett, [https://archive.org/details/recordsofcolonyo02rhod/page/n3 ''Records of the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, in New England, Vol II, 1664 to 1677;''] Bartlett, John Russell; [https://archive.org/details/recordsofcolonyo02rhod/page/n3 ''Records of the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, in New England, Vol II, 1664 to 1677;''] Printed by the order of the General Assembly; Providence, RI.; A Crawford Greene and Brothers, State Printers. 1857. :#) [https://archive.org/details/recordsofcolonyo02rhod/page/238/mode/2up?q=Job ''RI Records;'' page 238:] The names of such as inhabitt at Misquamacott, who have formerly presented their names to be made free of this Collony, doe now againe [present them] to this present Assembly, sitting this 28th of October, 1668, and are admitted, viz.: Joseph Clarke, John Maxson, James Badcocke, Jun'r, John Badcocke, '''Job Badcocke,''' John Randall, Daniell Crome, John, John Lewis, John Tharpe, Jonathan Armstronge, Daniell Stanton, Nicolas Cottrell, Jun'r, and James Case. :#) [https://archive.org/details/recordsofcolonyo02rhod/page/388/mode/2up?q=Job ''RI Records;'' page 388;] Job Badcock swears to the Oath of Loyalty: Signed 18 May 1671 at Westerly. :#) [https://archive.org/details/recordsofcolonyo02rhod/page/598 ''Rhode Island Records;'' Index, ''RI Records;'' page 599:] Job Badcocke appears two places. '''1887: *Secondary Source, John Osborne Austin , [https://archive.org/details/genealogicaldict00aust/page/n7 ''Genealogical Dictionary of Rhode Island: Comprising Three Generations of Settlers Who Came Before 1690 ''], Austin, John Osborne. [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/474353-the-genealogical-dictionary-of-rhode-island-comprising-three-generations-of-settlers-who-came-before-1690-with-many-families-carried-to-the-fourth-generation?viewer=1&offset=4#page=1&viewer=picture&o=info&n=0&q= ''Genealogical Dictionary of Rhode Island: Comprising Three Generations of Settlers Who Came Before 1690 : With Many Families Carried to the Fourth Generation.''], Albany, NY., Joel Munsell's Sons, 1887. Public Domain. ''{Note there are two on-line sources offering scanned images of this text; archive.org and the book library of Family Search. The scanned image quality of the archive.org copy is poor, in some places unreadable. Family Search has three scanned copies of the book with good scanned image quality.]'' :#) Archive.org: [https://archive.org/details/genealogicaldict00aust/page/n7 ''Genealogical Dictionary of Rhode Island, Title Page] :#) Family Search book library: [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/474353-the-genealogical-dictionary-of-rhode-island-comprising-three-generations-of-settlers-who-came-before-1690-with-many-families-carried-to-the-fourth-generation?viewer=1&offset=4#page=1&viewer=picture&o=info&n=0&q= ''Genealogical Dictionary of Rhode Island; Title Page] Data Extract, :#) [https://archive.org/details/genealogicaldict00aust/page/n33/search/Tanner ''Genealogical Dictionary of RI;'' at Archive.org, Page 8:] or at [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/474353-the-genealogical-dictionary-of-rhode-island-comprising-three-generations-of-settlers-who-came-before-1690-with-many-families-carried-to-the-fourth-generation?viewer=1&offset=4#page=13&viewer=picture&o=info&n=0&q= ''Genealogical Dictionary of RI;'' at Family Search, Page 8:] BABCOCK, page 8: Job Babcock, son of James and Sarah Babcock, was born ____ at Westerly, RI. and he died in 1718. Job Babcock married Jane Crandall, daughter of John. Job was a blacksmith and a miller. On 26 March 1715, the will of Job Babcock was proved; Summary of Will: Executor, son John. To son John my now dwelling house, grist mill, etc. To eldest son Job 1s. To youngest son Benjamin 1s. To daughters Jane Braman, Sarah Hall, '''Mary ''{Babcock}'' Tanner''', and Elizabeth Brand 1s each. To daughter Hannah Babcock, a feather bed, pewter, and the rest of household stuff. To daughter Mercy Babcock, 1s. To son John all that is due after payment of debts and legacies. :##) Under James Babcock entry (left-hand column): 1670, Jan 18: He was warned by warrant from the Commissioners of Connecticut to appear before them to make answer for seizure of three Connecticut men, on a warrant issued by Tobias Sanders. He was released on bail. '''He gave testimony this year calling his age fifty eight years, his son James twenty-nine, and his son, John twenty-six years.''' :#) [https://archive.org/details/genealogicaldict00aust/page/n421 ''Genealogical Dictionary of RI;'' at Archive.org, Page 202] also at [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/474353-the-genealogical-dictionary-of-rhode-island-comprising-three-generations-of-settlers-who-came-before-1690-with-many-families-carried-to-the-fourth-generation?viewer=1&offset=4#page=207&viewer=picture&o=download&n=0&q= ''Genealogical Dictionary of RI;'' Family Search, Page 202:] Henry Tibbitts (____ - 1713) married 1661, Sarah Stanton (____- 1708) daughter of Robert & Avis Stanton. Kingstown, RI. '''The Will of Henry Tibbitts written 27 Nov 1708 was proved 13 July 1713: Execs, wife Sarah and son George. To wife half of certain land.... To grandson William Tanner, land purchased of Thomas Stanton of Stonington, and five loads of hay.''' '''1900:''' * Secondary Source, Richard Anson Wheeler; [https://archive.org/details/historytownston00wheegoog/page/n11 ''History of the Town of Stonington, County of New London, Connecticut, from its First Settlement in 1649 to 1900''] Wheeler, Richard, Anson; [https://archive.org/details/historytownston00wheegoog/page/n11 ''History of the Town of Stonington, County of New London, Connecticut, from its First Settlement in 1649 to 1900''], New London,Conn., Press of the Day Publishing Co., 1900. Public Domain. Data Extract: :#) [https://archive.org/details/historytownston00wheegoog/page/n230/search/Tanner ''History of Stonington;'' Page 212:] Job Babcock (No. 4) m. Jane, daughter of John Crandall. He d. 1718 and she d. 1715. :##) CHILDREN of Job Babcock and Jane Crandall: :###) JOB, b____ , :###) JOHN, b____ . :###) BENJAMIN, b____ . :###) JANE, b.____ , m.____ ____ Braman, :###) SARAH, b.____ , m.____ ____ Hall, :###) '''MARY Babcock, b.____ , m.____ ____ Tanner''', :###) ELIZABETH, b.____ , m.____ ____ Brand. :###) HANNAH, b.____ , m. ____ :###) MERCY, b.____ , m.____ . '''1903:''' * Secondary Source, Stephen Babcock; [https://archive.org/details/historytownston00wheegoog/page/n11 ''History of the Town of Stonington, County of New London, Connecticut, from its First Settlement in 1649 to 1900''] Babcock, Stephen. ''[[Space:Babcock Genealogy|Babcock Genealogy;]]'' New York; Eaton & Mains; 1903. [https://archive.org/stream/babcockgenealogy00babc#page/n47/mode/2up Page 13] and [. (Note that this source gives last name of spouse only.) Data Extract: :#) [https://archive.org/details/babcockgenealogy00babc/page/n47/mode/2up?view=theater ''Babcock Geneaology:'' page 13:] Biography of Job Babcock:

'''Job Badcock (4.), third son of James, Sr., and Sarah Badcock, b. Portsmouth, R.I., 1646 (?); d. Westerly, 1718; m., at Westerly, Jane Crandall, dau. of Rev. John Crandall, a S.D.B. minister. She d. Westerly, 1715 (?).'''

Job Badcock settled at Westerly. R. I. He owned a blacksmith shop and a grist mill on the Pawcatuck River. He was made a freeman May 18, 1669. He took the oath of allegiance May 17, 1671, and again Sept. 17, 1679. He was elected Constable of Westerly Oct., 1680, and Feb. 15, 1693. His wife, Jane, had a deed of one hundred acres of land made to her by Samuel Lewis, and Job Babcock, husband of said Jane, declared that he had given his wife full power to purchase the land. May 24, 1703, he bought land of the Sachem Ninecraft for £6. He deeded to his son Job, for love, etc., one hundred and ten acres Oct. 31, 1706.

In 1678 Job and his wife were members of the S.D.B. Church of Newport, and Westerly, R. I.; Job Badcock, Indian interpreter, 1680. (Newport Hist. Register, vol. vii, p. 39.)

Job Badcock with his brother John received verbally the will of their father, James Badcock, June 12, 1679. (See copy of will in Appendix.) By the will, Job received all his father's "smith tools of what sort or kind he died possessed."

Job Babcock made his will Mar. 26, 1715; d. 1718; will proven Apr. 7, 1718, son John executor. He gave to his sons Job and Benjamin and to daughters Jane, Sarah, '''Mary''', Elizabeth, and Mercy one shilling each; "to daughter Hannah a feather bed, pewter, and rest of household stuff; to son John my now dwelling house, grist mill, etc., and all that is due after payment of debts and legacies."Westerly had returned to their homes, the Colony of Rhode Island must have resumed its jurisdiction over Westerly, for John Badcock was elected, by the General Court of Rhode Island, Conservator of the Peace for Westerly, June 12, 1678. (C.R. of R.I., vol. iii, pp. 10-13.)

Sept. 17, 1679, "The inhabitants of Westerly being by warrant required to appear at this Court to give the oath of allegiance to his Majesty, and of fidelity to his Majesty's authority, for this Colony," John Badcock and thirty-two others, including his brothers James and Job, appeared and took the oath. (C. R. of R.I., vol. iii, pp. 68, 69.) This event occurred three months after the death of his father.

John Badcock was Deputy from Westerly to the Colonial Legislature in 1682 and 1684. (C. R. of R. I., vol. iii, pp. 107, 150.) The exact date of his death has not been ascertained, but it probably occurred in May or June, 1685. He died intestate and a will disposing of his estate was made by the Town Council, June 25, 1685. In the Appendix of this volume can be found a copy of the will, also the inventory of the personal property, dated June 4, 1685, which amounted to £790 3s., and was the largest recorded in the town for many years. By the law of primogeniture the oldest son, James, received all the real estate, one half of which he conveyed by deed to his mother, June 26, 1685. A copy of the deed will be found in the Appendix.

By the will the widow received one third of the personal property, the remaining two thirds being divided equally among the nine younger children. Mary, the widow of John, was by the Town Council, made executrix of the will, and guardian of the minor children, which included all except James.

When the will of James Badcock, Sr., was written, June 12, 1679, the first syllable of the family name was written Bad, and had been so written up to that time. Six years later, when the will of John Babcock was made by the Town Council of Westerly, June 26, 1685, the first syllable was spelled Bab, and has been so spelled ever since.

Mary Babcock made an agreement December 26, 1689, with John Fairfield and wife to maintain them in meat, drink, clothing, etc., they binding themselves to her in all their estate to be entirely hers. (W. T. R., vol. ii, p. 129.) Dec. 26, 1696, she deeded to her son George, for love, etc., one hundred and six acres of land." (W. T. R.)

:##) Children of Job and Jane (Crandall) Babcock, all children born in Westerly — their names are mentioned in the will in the order here given. While the dates of birth ''{??}'' :###) Job Babcock; b. :###) John. b. . :###) Benjamin, b. :###) Jane, b. ____; m. Braman. :###) Sarah, b. ____; m. James Hall. :###) '''Mary. b. ____; m. Tanner. :###) Elizabeth, b. ____; m. Brand. :####) Hannah, b. ____; unm. when her father's will was written. :####) Mercy Babcock (16.); b. ____; m. Daniel Stanton '''1905: * Secondary Source, Rev. George C. Tanner D.D.; [https://archive.org/details/williamtannerofn00lctann/page/n8 ''William Tanner, of North Kingstown, Rhode Island and His Descendants'',] Tanner, Rev. George C. D.D. [https://archive.org/details/williamtannerofn00lctann/page/n8 ''William Tanner, of North Kingstown, Rhode Island and His Descendants'',] Faribault, Minn., Self published by the author. 1905 (original publication). Public Domain. Data Extract: :#) [https://archive.org/details/williamtannerofn00lctann/page/n15/search Tanner ''1905 Tanner Genealogy;'' Page 7-8:] Early Records for William Tanner: :##) The first mention of William Tanner of Rhode Island appears in the Fones Record, Vol I, Pg 70, as a witness to a deed of Frances Houlding of Warwick. " I Frances Houlding, doe consent to ye deed of sale, and forever will quitt clayme, etc. Witness my hand and seale ye 12th day of May 1682. ''{Witnessed by}'' William Tanner, Peter X (his mark) Wells. :##) The next mention of William Tanner is on the tax roll of the town of Rochester (Kingstown), under Gov. Andrus. for 1687, where he is taxed for one pole, 1 1-2d. ''{Examination of full transcription this record reveals a more correct transcription of this record would be that Wm Tanner was assessed a pole (poll) tax of 1s and an estate tax of one and a half pence.}'' :##) In 1693, Wm Tanner bought a tract of land of one hundred acres more or less, of Henry Hall of Westerly, weaver, the deed bearing date July 4th, 1693. This deed is on record in the town of Westerly and was not recorded in South Kingston until 1 August 1728. In the deed he is said to be of Kingstown, "planter." This parcel of land lies on the east side of the River, about a mile below the village of Usquepaugh, and is described as follows: :###) "Lying westerly from John Sheldon's dwelling house as followeth: beginning at the brook at John Sheldon's bounds and so up his bounds six score poles (rods) more or less to a white oak tree marked on three sides, and so from thence south and by west nearest six score poles to a walnut bush and from thence west nearest to the river to an ash tree marked on four sides and so up stream to the furthest that I have under the hand and seal of Coianaquanto as appeareth more largely upon the general records of Rhode Island." :###) This "Hall Purchase" contained about two square miles, and "the house of John Sheldon appears to have been one of the first, if not the very first, built on this purchase, being referred to as a well known land mark in the oldest deeds." (Early history of Narrangansett, by Judge E.R. Potter, [https://archive.org/details/earlyhistoryofna00pott/page/225 page 226]) ''{From the deposition of Capt John Devol, it is known that all the lots, including John Sheldon's were surveyed at the same time in 1693. Hence, as the John Sheldon house was cited as a landmark in this Tanner deed it would clearly have to have been built prior to the execution of the Hall purchase deeds. Therefore, either the house was built on land adjacent to the Hall purchase, or John Sheldon was squatting on land owned by the Indians, then Henry Hall, then purchased in the Hall Purchase in 1693.}'' :###) On this land, near the river, and hard by an enclosed burial place may still be seen the graves of two or three generations, including the grave of William Tanner and two of his wives. ''{The the best way to find this land today, is to use the address of the cemetery from Wm. Tanners find a grave profile where the cemetery, hence farm, may be found [https://www.google.com/maps/place/309+Laurel+Ln,+West+Kingston,+RI+02892/@41.4908574,-71.6078529,16.25z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x89e5c7a69d25c941:0x1e9c69a67923a275!8m2!3d41.48984!4d-71.604236?hl=en here] or near the Golf Course clubhouse in this Google Earth [https://earth.google.com/web/@41.49143688,-71.60513851,39.95409597a,2835.63131587d,35y,0h,0t,0r Image]. Note the Usquepaug River on the Western portion of the golf course, hence the Laurel Lane Country Club is built over much, if not all of the William Tanner Farm. NOTICE: you will need to use the Google Chrome browser and install the Google Earth app. in order to see the later image, but it is spectacular and well worth the effort }'' :#) [https://archive.org/details/williamtannerofn00lctann/page/10/search/William ''1905 Tanner Genealogy;'' Page 10-11:] '''William Tanner, of South Kingstown, RI, born in the west of England.''' :##) Children of William Tanner and ____ Tibbitts: :###) William ''{Jr.}''; settled in North Kingston, RI on land given to him by his grandfather Henry Tibbetts. :##) '''Children of William Tanner and Mary Babcock: :###) '''Benjamin ; b. 24 Dec 1692,''' in South Kingstown, RI. Settled in West Greenwich, RI, where many of his descendants were living as late as 1905. :###) [[Tanner-308|Thomas Tanner]]; assumed to be a son who settled about 1730 in Litchfield, Conn. and in Cornwall. He had three sons: William, Thomas, and John. (See ''Genealogy of Thomas Tanner, by Elias F. Tanner, 1893). ''{Editorial; this assumption has been demonstrated to be incorrect, Thomas Tanner is '''NOT''' the son of Wm Tanner. Thomas Tanner was raised in Lyme, Conn., and lived in the Lyme/East Haddam Conn. area near his father John Tanner. John Tanner may possibly have been the brother of Wm Tanner of this profile.}'' :###) '''John;''' settled in Richmond, RI, (or Charleston from which Richmond was taken) :###) '''Avis;''' m. Thomas Barber 18 April 1723. :###) '''Mary m. Lawrence Willett''' of North Kingston, RI. Surname is also rendered as Vilet, Violett, and Vilate in various records. Children: :####) Lawrence Willett, probably d. young. :####) Mary (unmarried) :####) Grace (Willett) Brand :####) Thankful (Willett) Clarke :##) Children of William Tanner and Elizabeth Cottrill: ''{Important editorial Note, the revised 1910 Tanner Genealogy provides new source information which explicitly eliminates Elizabeth Cottrill as the mother of these children. It should be noted that all post 1905 William Tanner Genealogical literature which identifies only three wives for William Tanner and declares the following children as the offspring of Elizabeth Cottrell is '''INCORRECT''' and was generated from this 1905 Genealogy without the benefit of the knowledge found in the additional cited source information in the 1910 edition}'' :###) Francis; b. 3 July 1708; bought 1200 acres in Hopkinton, RI and settled there. His descendants are located in RI, NY and beyond. :###) Nathan; b. 20 February 1709-10; settled in Hopkinton RI., descendants in RI and NY. :###) Anna; b. 15 March 1712; no further record. :###) Rebecca; b. 2 July 1714; m. Benjamin Brand of Westerly RI (which, at that time included Hopkinton). :###) Elizabeth, b. 14 Nov 1717; m. Benjamin Burdick. :###) Abigail. b. 17 Oct 1719; No further record. :##) It appears that William Tanner married first the daughter of Henry Tibbitts; second Mary Babcock, daughter of Job Babcockof Westerly; and 3rd Elizabeth Cottrill. ''{George Tanner proves this three-wife assertion to be INCORRECT in his revised 1910 edition of the Tanner Genealogy. In the 1910 edition, he cites the Wm Tanner - Elizabeth Cottrill 1722/3 marriage record; a marriage which occurs 3-4 years after the birth of Abigail, daughter of Elizabeth, and thus (with other supporting information) establishes that over the course of his life, Wm Tanner was married to four different women.}'' '''1910: * Secondary Source, Rev. George C. Tanner D.D.; [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066373119&view=1up&seq=9 ''William Tanner, Sr. of South Kingstown, Rhode Island and His Descendants''] Tanner, Rev George C. DD; [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066373119&view=1up&seq=9 ''William Tanner, Sr. of South Kingstown, Rhode Island and His Descendants;''] Faribault, Minn., Self published by the author, 1910 revised and updated edition. Public Domain :#) Also available at [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/599895-william-tanner-sr-of-south-kingstown-rhode-island-and-his-descendants?viewer=1&offset=14#page=2&viewer=picture&o=info&n=0&q= ''Tanner Genealogy;'' at Family Search, Title Page:] Data Extract: :#) [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066373119&view=1up&seq=14 ''1910 Tanner Genealogy;'' Page 6:] :#) [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066373119&view=1up&seq=17 ''1910 Tanner Genealogy;'' Page 9:] The following Record is from the Clerk's office in South Kingstown, RI:

'''William Tanner of Kingstown for love and good will and affection towards, my son Benjamin Tanner of Kingstown,''' gives tract in Hall's purchase of sixty acres, bounded beginning at a red oak bush by ye river by ye old wading place near ye Tan-fats and so to begin ye said red oak bush which is marked on two sides and to rn from said bush near eastward to a red oak tree marked on two sides for a corner tree and from thence northerly on a straite line to a Nother red oak tree marked on two sides and to run on a strait line till it comes to John Sheldin's land and so bounded eastward on ye land of John Sheldin, Isack Sheldin and Job Badcock and southward bounded on ye land of job Badcock and westward bounded on ye river and so bounded on ye river till it comes to ye first mentioned bounds, etc. Dated ye 4th day of March 1723. William Tanner, Elizabeth (X) Tanner (her mark).

:#) [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066373119&view=1up&seq=18 ''1910 Tanner Genealogy;'' Page 10:] :##) Inventory and disposal of Wm Tanner Estate: An inventory of the estate of William Tanner of South Kingstown, Rhode Island is presented, noting that the inventory was "Taken and disposed of ye twenty-third day of December Anno Domini 1730." ''{This document has all of the earmarks of a probate record and, if so, benchmarks the death of Wm Tanner at or just slightly prior to this date. However the 23 Dec 1730 is the same date as the land deed transferring land from Wm to son John (shown below). So how could he sign a land deed if he was deceased. }'' :##) Land deed to son John: Next a land deed transferring ownership of 75 acres of land from Wm Tanner to John Tanner, Blacksmith, on 23 Dec 1730, signed by Wm and Elizabeth Tanner and witnessed by Francis Tanner, and Isaac Sheldin is presented. :##) Seventh Day Baptist Church Membership Roll: Also the 1910 text provides a full account of the information in the membership roll of the Westerly (Hopkinton) Seventh Day Baptist church and asserts that William Tanner was a founder and constituent member of the SDB Church. ''{Editorial note: refer to the SDB membership roll data extraction ; Analysis of the SDBC membership data suggests the members were Wm Tanner Jr. and his siblings, rather than William Tanner Sr.}'' :#) [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066373119&view=1up&seq=22 ''1910 Tanner Genealogy;'' Page 14-15:] Plan of the William Tanner burial place in South Kingstown RI. :##) The burial place of the early Tanners is on the original farm owned by William Tanner Sr. and is in an open field near the "Great River" and a short distance from the walled grave yard. The most north westerly grave is that of William Tanner, marked with a rude granite field stone, engraved with the letters W. T. Adjacent are two graves marked M. T and E. T. ''{Note: only two of Wm's four wives are noted to be buried here. There is no grave identified for ___ (Tibbitts) Tanner and there is only one Elizabeth Tanner grave. It is likely that Elizabeth Cottrill Tanner was buried at the side John Cottrill (location unknown) as it is customary for a wife to be buried beside the husband with whom she bore children.}'' At the foot of these graves are four small graves, probably the children of William Tanner as the custom was to bury young children at the foot of their parent's graves. ''{From the list of children, having no adult records are Anna, Abigail, Rachael, and Dorcas. Perhaps buried here}'' :##) Eastward of these short graves are three graves, the middle one marked J. T., the one to the right indistinct, but may be J.T., and the one on the left clearly S. T. These are undoubtedly the graves of John Tanner, son of William, and his first and second wives, Jean and Susannah. :##) About sixteen paces west of the northwest corner of the walled enclosure and about twenty three paces to the north are the graves of Josias Tanner, and at the right one marked A.T., Amy Tanner, and at the left one of the one marked J.T., is one marked P.T for Phebe Tanner, the wives of Josias. ''{The detailed description of locating graves by a number of paces from a walled enclosure provides powerful evidence that the author George Tanner visited this graveyard and that he made a detailed record of his observations from the time of his visit. It also affirms that he was physically present in South Kingstown to collect genealogical evidence from town records.}'' :#) [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066373119&view=1up&seq=25 ''1910 Tanner Genealogy;'' page 16:] Avis Tanner:

'''AVIS Tanner, daughter of William and Mary (Babcock) Tanner probably born in South Kingstown, RI; m. 18 April 1723, Thomas Barber.
The following appears in the town records of South Kingstown, RI: Thomas Barber and Avis Tanner were joyned in marriage this 18th day of April Ano. Dom. 1723 before me, Rowse Helme, Just.

In 1762 Avis Barber, widow of Thomas is appointed administrator on the estate of Thomas Barber, deceased. [Exeter Records.)

:#) [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066373119&view=1up&seq=25 ''1910 Tanner Genealogy;'' page 16:] Mary Tanner:

'''MARY Tanner, daughter of William and Mary (Babcock) Tanner probably born in South Kingstown, RI; m. Lawrence Willett of North Kingstown, yeoman. Name spelled also Violett, Vilate, and Vitet.

Children: Lawrence, Mary, Grace, and Thankful.

April 8, 1728, Benjamin Tanner appears before the Council and declares that his sister Mary Willett, deceased gave him her son Lawrence Willett, then four years old, to be kept free of charge to the estate of Lawrence Willett (North Kingstown Records).

Benjamin Tanner of South Kingstown is appointed administrator on the estate of Lawrence Vilet, late of North Kingstown, Husbandman, deceased. Court Records, Superior Court of Judicature , Newport, RI., pp 215, and 244.

The will of Mary Vilate (single Woman) made August 25, 1743, names Sister Grace Brand, Sister Thankful Clark, Mary Clark, dau. of Sister Thankful Clark, when she comes of eighteen; Nathan Clark, son of Sister Thankful; Lawrence Brand, son of Grace; names her uncle Francis Tanner as executor. Will witnessed by Isaac Sheldon, Isaac Sheldon, Jr., and Sarah Tanner. Approved Dec 12, 1743. Legacy paid Mary Clark Sept 1, 1760.

'''1924: *Secondary Source derived from Primary Source, Samuel West, "Samuel Wests Memorandum Book," Bowman; George Ernest; ''Mayflower Descendant: A Journal of Pilgrim Genealogy and History;'' Vol. 26, No.1; 1924; pp 1- 11. Boston, MA: Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants, 1899- . (Online database: AmericanAncestors.org, New England Historic Genealogical Society, 2010). [https://www.americanancestors.org/DB407/rd/12861/10/144585416 "Samuel Wests Memorandum Book," page 10.] Data Extract: :#) [https://www.americanancestors.org/DB407/rd/12861/10/144585416 "Samuel Wests Memorandum Book," page 10:] [[West-16711|Samuel West (1766-)]] wrote a journal which was discovered in an attic in the 1920s; it was published in 1924 with the title ''Samuel West's Memorandum''. In this text, Samuel defines the maternal line of his father as follows:

'''My fathers mother was Jane Tanner Daughter of Frances Tanner hur mother was a Babcock hur Brothers names ware William Benjamin John Frances & Nathan hur sisters names ware Mary Avis Abigail Rechel Ann & Dorcas.'''

'''1949: *Secondary Source, John Cortland Crandall, [https://archive.org/details/elderjohncrandal00cran_0/page/n7 ''Elder John Crandall of Rhode Island and his descendants,''] Crandall, John Cortland;[https://archive.org/details/elderjohncrandal00cran_0/page/n7 ''Elder John Crandall of Rhode Island and his descendants,''] New Woodstock, New York, 1949. [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/477031-elder-john-crandall-of-rhode-island-and-his-descendants?viewer=1&offset=0#page=35&viewer=picture&o=info&n=0&q= Also available online here] Data Extract: :#) [https://archive.org/details/elderjohncrandal00cran_0/page/n75/search/Tanner ''Crandall Genealogy;'' Page 16:] Cites the ''1905 Tanner Genealogy'' as the information source. '''Mary Babcock, b. Westerly, RI., daughter of Job and Jane (Crandall) Babcock, married as the 2nd wife of Wm Tanner Sr., b. 1660 in England, resident of So. Kingston, RI.''' :##) '''Children of William Tanner Sr. and Mary Babcock; :###) Benjamin Tanner, b. 24 Dec 1692; m. (1st) Joanna Lewis 2 and (2nd) Deb. Stillman :###) John Tanner; (b. ca. 1694); m. (1st) Jane Shelley, and (2nd) Susannah West, daughter of Francis West and Sarah (Meakins) West :####) Eleven of 14 children named with birthdates. :###) Avis, and :###) Mary. '''1985: * Secondary Source, Clarence Almon Torrey, ''U.S., New England Marriages Prior to 1700,'' Torrey, Clarence Almon; ''U.S., New England Marriages Prior to 1700,'' Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, 1985. Available: :#) On line at :##) {{Ancestry Record|3824|69553}} Ancestry.com Operations Inc Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2012. or :##) [https://www.americanancestors.org/DB1568/rd/21176/1486/426906235 ''New England Marriages to 1700;''] at American Ancestors. This edition include Torrey's references :#) Print edition. This manuscript is still in print and may be available at [https://www.amazon.com/s?k=New+England+Marriages+Prior+to+1700%2C+Clarence+Almon+Torrey&ref=nb_sb_noss Amazon.com] or [https://www.abebooks.com/servlet/SearchResults?sts=t&cm_sp=SearchF-_-home-_-Results&an=Clarence+Almon+Torrey&tn=New+England+Marriages+Prior+to+1700&kn=&isbn= Abebooks.com] or other rare booksellers. :#) [https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/Torrey%27s_New_England_Marriages_Prior_to_1700 Family Search exposee on ''New England Marriages Prior to 1700''] This article provides excellent insight regarding access to Torrey's source citations, which are not included in the single volume edition. Data extract: :#) {{Ancestry Image|3824|gpc_newenglandmarriages-0743}} 742 of 1022: Marriage records for William Tanner: :##) '''William Tanner and first wife ____ Tibbett, daughter of Henry; ca. 1685?; ?Stonington, CT. ''' (references: Stonington Hist. 212; Babcock 13; Tanner (1905) 8,11; Bordwell Anc. 20; Reg 14:23) :##) '''William Tanner and second wife Mary Badcock;''' b. 1692?; Stonington, CT.''' (references: Briggs-Degroff 220; Austin's Dict. 202; Tanner (1905) 9,11; Bordwell Anc. 20; NYGBR 50; 355) ''{Editorial, notation in this book: b. 1692 means there was a child born in 1692 as a result of this marriage. 1692 would correspond to the date of birth presently assigned to Benjamin Tanner. ? means the data is uncertain.}'' '''2015:''' *Secondary Source, John E. Soule, others; [https://archive.org/details/georgesouleofmay00soul/page/n3 ''George Soule of the Mayflower and his Descendants for Four Generations. "Mayflower Families in Progress."''] IMPORTANT NOTE: this text has been published in seven editions, the first in 1995 and the most recent in 2015. Each edition adds information relative to the previous edition, therefore some of the cited information is only in the 2015 edition. The 1995 and 2006 editions are available on checkout from Archive.org; but the 2015 edition must be purchased. Soule, John; Terry, Milton; and Wakefield, Robert;[https://archive.org/details/georgesouleofmay00soul/page/n3 ''George Soule of the Mayflower and his Descendants for Four Generations,'' Second Edition], Plymouth, Massachusetts: General Society of Mayflower Descendants, 1995. Soule, John; Terry, Milton; and Wakefield, Robert;[https://archive.org/details/georgesouleofmay00soul/page/n3 ''George Soule of the Mayflower and his Descendants for Four Generations.'' Seventh Edition] Plymouth, Massachusetts: General Society of Mayflower Descendants, 2015. Data Extract: :#) [https://archive.org/details/georgesouleofmay00soul/page/28/search/Tanner ''Soule Genealogy,'' Page 28, 29:] William West, son of Susanna (Soule) West, was born 31 May 1681. He married first Abbiah Sprague who died sometime prior to April 1721. William married second, before 1723 Jane Tanner, '''daughter of Frances and ____ (Babcock) Tanner.''' ''{Editorial dau. of Wm and Mary Babcock?}'' :##) 27 July 1741. William West, wife and children were ordered by the Charlestown RI town Council to be transported to No. Kingstown. In July 1742, Benjamin Tanner was ordered to provide an explanation to the town council regarding his guests William West and Family. :#) ''Soule Genealogy, Seventh Edition, 2015'' Page 41(available in print only): Jane Tanner, second wife of William West, b. Westerly ca. 1702; d. perhaps at Dutchess Co., NY after 31 Jan 1758 William Tanner was a 1730 head of house in South Kingstown, nine whites; Benjamin Tanner head of house in adjacent enumeration, eleven whites. William and Benjamin are on the 14 July 1730 rate bill at South Kingstown and William is on the 1 Dec 1735 rate bill. :#) [https://archive.org/details/georgesouleofmay00soul/page/30/search/Tanner ''Soule Genealogy,'' Page 28, 29:] 22 June 1733 Clement West, son of Susannah (Soule) West and his wife Sarah sold 140 Acres of land in East Greenwich to Benjamin Tanner. ''{If this was West Greenwich it would explain the post 1730 move of Benjamin Tanner to West Greenwich}'' :#) [https://archive.org/details/georgesouleofmay00soul/page/98/search/Tanner ''Soule Genealogy,'' Page 99, 100:] Susannah West, daughter of Francis West Jr., and grandaughter of Susanna (Soule) West, born ca. 1700 at North Kingstown, RI.; died priot to 14 Aug 1759. On 9 May 1723 married John Tanner (1694-1777), '''son of William and Mary (Babcock) Tanner.''' John Tanner probably married first Jane Shelley, and third Susannah Hall on 14 Aug 1759 at Richmond, RI. :#) [https://archive.org/details/georgesouleofmay00soul/page/106/search/Tanner ''Soule Genealogy,'' Page 106, 107:] Thomas Barber (b. 19 Oct 1699 at So. Kingstown, RI - d. ~9 Nov 1762 at Exeter, RI), son of Susannah (West) Barber, and grandson of Susannah (Soule) West married 18 April 1723 at South Kingstown, RI Avis Tanner, '''daughter of William and Hannah (Tibbetts) Tanner.''' ''{Editorial: George Tanner assigned Avis as a daughter of Wm and Mary Babcock, but the assertion that she was the daughter of ____ Tibbetts is a better namesake fit as Avis (Almy) Stanton was the grandmother of ____ Tibbetts; but, this assertion seems very unlikely to be correct, as it creates date conflicts with Avis' 1700 birthdate and the Wm and Mary Babcock marriage.}'' ==Research Notes== #) The following syntax conventions and definitions of terms apply to the preceding text of this profile: ##) Braces ''{Editorial Note Example}'' are used to insert editorial comments; that is to say, information or clarification that is not contained in the original, cited source material. ##) A Primary Source contains data that was recorded by the person in the profile; or by someone known to or with first hand knowledge of that person, during the person's lifetime, death or within two generations thereafter. ##) A Secondary Source is a genealogical reference created as the result of a extensive study of available source material and it provides some evidence of the source documentation used to generate the text data. ##) A Tertiary Source is a genealogical data source which is a collection of genealogical information that does not cite Primary or Secondary information sources, and the data may be factual or hearsay. #) Enabling the ad blocker in your web browser may remove the hot links to Ancestry.com references. Turn off your ad blocker to enable access to the Ancestry.com hot-links. ---- == Sources == ===Other Sources=== The following section provides a listing of source material that is pertinent to the profile subject, but not presently cited in the narrative text of the profile. * [https://archive.org/details/recordsofcolonyo02rhod/page/n3 ''Records of the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, in New England, Vol II, 1664 to 1677, Title Page:] [https://archive.org/details/recordsofcolonyo02rhod/page/598 ''Rhode Island Records;'' Index, page 599:] Job Badcocke appears two places. [https://archive.org/details/recordsofcolonyo02rhod/page/238/mode/2up?q=Job page 238:] Job Badcock admitted freeman on 28th of October 1668 at Misquamacot; therefore born prior to 1647. [https://archive.org/details/recordsofcolonyo02rhod/page/388/mode/2up?q=Job Oath of Loyalty:] Signed 18 May 1671 at Westerly. * Frederic Denison; [https://archive.org/details/westerlyrhodeisl00deni/page/n3/mode/2up ''Westerly (Rhode Island) and its witnesses : for two hundred and fifty years, 1626-1876 : including Charlestown, Hopkinton, and Richmond until their separate organization, with the principal points of their subsequent history;''] Providence; Published by J.A. & R. A. Reid; 1878. ** [https://archive.org/details/westerlyrhodeisl00deni/page/n93/mode/2up purchase of misquamacut]; [https://archive.org/details/westerlyrhodeisl00deni/page/n117/mode/2up ''Sabbatarian Baptist Church;] [https://archive.org/details/westerlyrhodeisl00deni/page/n135/mode/2up Nathan Tanner and the New Lights] * Thorngate, Janet; ''Baptists in Early North America Volume III; Newport, Rhode Island, Seventh Day Baptists;'' Mercer University Press; Macon, Georgia and The Seventh Day Baptist Historical Society; 2017. * https://www.gutenberg.org/files/66265/66265-h/66265-h.htm * http://theancestorfiles.blogspot.com/2012/09/the-colonial-heritage-of-john-tanner.html * Randolph Beebe, [https://www.wikitree.com/index.php?title=Space:1730_South_Kingstown_RI_Census&action=edit ''Cross Reference 1730 South Kingtown Census to Wikitree Profiles.''] * Terri J. McSweeney; ''A Guide to the Descendants of William Tanner of South Kingston, Rhode Island, Volume 1;'' Self-published? 2000. One copy of this text has been located at Vero Beach, Florida library; there is another at the Library of Congress. ** [https://www.familysearch.org/photos/artifacts/106037675?p=44392098&returnLabel=Mary%20Babcock%20(L19W-7WW)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.familysearch.org%2Ftree%2Fperson%2Fmemories%2FL19W-7WW ''Memorandum by Terri McSweeney''] boldly asserts, without evidence, Mary Babcock was the mother of all of William Tanner's children, except Wm Jr. ** From page 1 of the text, the full extent of the proof McSweeney offers that Mary Babcock was the mother of all of Wm Tanner's children is:

'''More about ELIZABETH COTTRELL: Elizabeth was long thought to be the mother of some of William's youngest children. Researchers like Marcia Anderson proved she could not have been.'''

''{McSweeney's book offers no hint what this evidence might be nor does she offer any evidence to substantiate this bold assertion is correct. Filling in the gap for her; the irrefutable evidence that Elizabeth Cottrell was not the mother of these children is that she did not marry William Tanner until after these children were born, and this is indeed powerful evidence she was not their mother. HOWEVER this is not proof that Mary Babcock was their mother, merely that Elizabeth Cottrell was not; a careful reading of the 1910 Dr. Tanner text reveals that he specifically states that there was another Elizabeth (Wm's third wife) who was their mother, NOT Mary Babcock and NOT Elizabeth Cottrell!!}'' ** Also from page one of McSweeney's book:

'''1. William Tanner was born abt 1660 in England, and died Dec. 23, 1738 in S. Kingston, RI. He married (1) Hannah Tibbetts, daughter of Henry Tibbetts and Sarah Stanton. She was born 1664, and died 1713. He married (2) Mary Babcock, daughter of Job Babcock and Jane Crandall. She was born 1679, and died 1759. He married (3) Elizabeth Cottrill.'''

This narrative is riddled with errors and is self-conflicted. The only source allusion McSweeney offers for any of her assertions made in her narrative is "Hannah's death date is from Carol I. Nelson data." The following is a list of errors found in McSweeney's text: *** The first name of the first wife of William Tanner may be, but probably is NOT Hannah, and, in fact, her first name is unknown. The assertion that her name was Hannah comes from a footnote in Austin's work and was erroneously deduced, by Austin, from marriage data for William's son William Tanner Jr., who DID marry a Hannah. *** McSweeney's asserted 1713 death date for Wm Tanner's first wife, _____ Tibbetts happens after William's first eight children were born, therefore McSweeney's account has both the first and second wives of William Tanner, viz, _____ Tibbetts and Mary Babcock, to be alive at the same time these eight children were born. No explanation is offered as to why she then asserts Mary Babcock to be their mother when she also asserts Wm's first wife is still living; this is grievous error that may best be accounted for by the lack of attention to detail. *** McSweeney asserts, without evidence, Mary Babcock was born in 1679. If this assertion is correct and her ensuing assertion that she was also the mother of Benjamin Tanner in 1692 is also correct; then one arrives at the improbable conclusion that Mary Babcock was 12 when she married William Tanner and 13 when she gave birth to Benjamin. This assertion appears to be an unvetted and improbable guess. *** Mary Babcock is asserted to have died in 1759, again with no source citation for this death date assertion. This death date occurs after Mary is inferred to be deceased in the 26 March 1715 will of her father, Job Babcock; after William Tanner married Elizabeth Cottrell in 1722/3; and even after the 23 Dec 1730 Land deed to son, John Tanner, was signed by William and his (then) wife Elizabeth Tanner. *** Conclusion this is not a credible work and is tertiary information source for William Tanner and his family. * [https://www.familysearch.org/photos/artifacts/97118762?p=39730404&returnLabel=William%20Tanner Universal Genealogy Center;] Research Report 5143A Athelia Wooley 25 Oct. 2006. * Whitman, Roscoe L.; [https://archive.org/details/historygenealogy01whit ''History and genealogy of the ancestors and some descendants of Stukely Westcott : one of the thirteen original proprietors of Providence Plantation and the colony of Rhode Island;''] Oneonta, N.Y.; Otsego Pub. Co.; 1932. [https://archive.org/details/historygenealogy01whit/page/382/mode/2up?q=Tanner page 383.] ===Web based Genealogies=== The following section provides a listing of web-published genealogies pertinent to the profile subject; these genealogies are valuable in presenting an alternate perspective on family links for the profile subject. However, these genealogies may or may not be correct and are not presently cited as source material in the narrative text of this profile. * [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L19W-7WW ''FamilySearch profile for Mary Babcock.'']

A collection of sources & records regarding the formation and earliest residents of Orange County, Virginia. '''Genesis of Orange:
1654--New Kent from York
1656--Old Rappahannock from Lancaster
1692--Old Rappahannock ceases to exist and becomes Richmond & Essex
1691--King and Queen from New Kent
1701--King William taken from King and Queen
1720--Spotsylvania formed from Essex, King William, & King and Queen
1734--ORANGE taken from Spotsylvania
1738--Augusta and Frederick took all of Orange north and west of the Blue Ridge.
1748--Culpeper was formed from Orange
1838--Greene taken from Orange '''Wills: *[https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9PX-X41X?i=2] Orange Co. Will Book 1. (1734-1743) *[https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9PX-X4LV?i=193] Orange County Will Book 2. (1744-1777) *[https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G9PX-6P3?i=2] Orange Co. Will Book 3. (1778-1801) *[https://www.familysearch.org/records/images/image-details?page=1&place=394942&rmsId=TH-1961-48086-2970-10&imageIndex=2&singleView=true] Culpeper Will Book A. (1749-1770) *[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/370458?availability=Family%20History%20Library]Orange County Deed Books & indexes. '''Secondary sources for Orange County, VA genealogy *[https://archive.org/details/historyoforangec01scot/page/n19/mode/2up] A History of Orange County, Virginia, from its formation in 1734 (o.s.) to the end of reconstruction in 1870 by Scott, William Wallace. Richmond, Va., E. Waddey co., 1907. '''MAPS HERE''' *[https://archive.org/details/pamunkeyneighbor00spar/page/70/mode/2up] Pamunkey neighbors of Orange County, Virginia : transcriptions from the original files of county courts in Virginia, Kentucky, and Missouri of wills, deeds, order books & marriages as well as some family lines : Lindsay, Mills, Mountague, Stevens and related families and neighbors by Sparacio, Ruth; Sparacio, Sam. Baltimore : Gateway Press ; McLean, Va., 1985. '''Borrow for 1 hour from Archive.org''' *[https://archive.org/details/genealogiesands00metegoog/page/n16/mode/2up] Genealogies and sketches of some old families who have taken prominent part in the development of Virginia and Kentucky especially, and later of many other states of this Union by Van Meter, Benjamin Franklin. Louisville, J.P. Morton and company, 1901. '''Col. John Lewis' family, van Meter family, Cunningham's, Harness'..etc''' ==Research Notes== *Inventory of Henry Webster ordered 25 June 1804. Orange Co Will Book 4 p. 103 & 104. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-99PX-XQQ8?i=364&cat=378071 *23 Aug 1738. Indenture from Samuel Hensley of St. George Parish in Spotsylvania to James Taylor of aforesaid county, planter, 360 a. in Orange Co. St Mark's Parish. £12. 10sh. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9BK-L7BM-N?i=545&cat=370458 *27 June 1745. Indenture from Henry Pickett of Augusta to William Henslee of St. Thomas Parish, Orange Co., 200 a. part of 400 a. patent granted to Thomas Zachary & James Finney. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9BJ-VG6K?i=48&cat=370458 *16 Nov 1761. Indenture George & Sarah Hensley of St. George, Spots. lease to Robert Shore, Bricklayer of Norfolk, 200 a. in Orange Co. £20. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B2-S5ZK?i=127&cat=370458 *1774 Oct 14. Indenture, Cleavland & Elizabeth Coffey of Albemarle to William Henlsey of Orange Co. 54 acres near Piney Mountains. Witnessed by John Snell. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSKW-F3NS-S?i=102&cat=283051 *1791 April 14, Indenture, Robert Miller, ext. of Dr. Matthew Hambleton, to William Hensley of Orange Co. 19 3/4 acres near Piney Mountains bounded by C. Coffey. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSKW-F3N9-Y?i=107&cat=283051 *1791 April 14. Indenture, William & Mary Hensley of Orange Co. to John Jarvis of Albemarle Co. 23 acres near Piney Mountains. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSKW-F3NQ-S?i=114&cat=283051 *1796 Feb 27. Indenture, Mary Hensley, widow of __ Hensley, formerly Mary Crookshanks, widow of Alexander Crookshanks of Spotsylvania to Fontaine Maury her dower in lots at Fredericksburg for sum of $50. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSKH-73B9-M?i=410&cat=406429

Hammer, C. Wilson. (1961). Genealogy of Patrick McGuire and Catherine Prigmore McGuire, about 1750-about 1835. Salt Lake City?]. https://hdl.handle.net/2027/wu.89061965752

Additional reseach on Samuel Beebe Jr. * Bolles, John Rogers; Williams, Anna Bolles; [https://archive.org/details/rogerenessomeh00boll/page/n3/mode/2up?q=Beebe ''The Rogerenes; some hitherto unpublished annals belonging to the colonial history of Connecticut;''] Boston, Stanhope press, F. H. Gilson company; 1904. Entries as follows: ** Elizabeth (Rogers) Beebe: 157, 167, 170-172, 212, 216, 221, 230. ** Samuel Beebe: 25, 82, 157, 158, 162, 163, 167, 170, 172, 188, 205, 212, 216, 218, 220-224, 229, 230, 232. * http://quakertownonline.net/The_Rogerenes.htm * http://quakertownonline.net/The_Rogerenes.pdf * https://ia904600.us.archive.org/32/items/rogerenessomehit00boll/rogerenessomehit00boll.pdf * https://vitabrevis.americanancestors.org/2018/09/who-are-the-rogerenes/ This one is full of misinformation. NOT seventh day adventist; NOT breakaway --he was excommunicated. * https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&pid=sites&srcid=ZGVmYXVsdGRvbWFpbnxtYXBzaGlzdG9yaWNhbHNvY2lldHlwcm9qZWN0fGd4Ojc2NDg4N2NjZDQzYTczNzQ * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rogerenes ** https://www.jstor.org/stable/44370138?seq=1 ** https://www.jstor.org/stable/44369869?seq=1 * https://rymanlabs.net/docs/books-by-and-about-the-rogerenes/ https://rymanlabs.net/docs/john-rogers-and-the-rogerenes/

== Genealogy of the Ayres family of Fairfield County, Conn. == :''' States''', James Noyes, "Genealogy of the Ayres family of Fairfield County, Conn." Published privately by the author, New Haven, Connecticut. (1916) 176 pages * Title: '''Genealogy of the Ayres family of Fairfield County, Conn.''' * Author: James Noyes States * Publisher: Privately by the author, New Haven, Connecticut (1916) * Pages: 176 * Topics: Genealogy of family of Richard Ayres (1640) * '''Availability:''' ** Digital Version: [https://archive.org/details/genealogyofayres00stat Archive.org] * '''Citation Example:''' :::States. James Noyes. ''[[Space:Genealogy_of_the_Ayres_family_of_Fairfield_County%2C_Conn.|Genealogy of the Ayres family of Fairfield County Connecticut]]'' (Private Printing, New Haven, Connecticut, 1916) 176 pages * '''Footnote Example:''' ::: [[#States|States]]: Richard Ayres Sen., Page 10 ---- * [[Special:Whatlinkshere/Space:Genealogy_of_the_Ayres_family_of_Fairfield_County%2C_Conn.|WikiTree Profiles that use this source]]

A study of the descendants of Alexander Balcom, Sr., primarily those of his son, Alexander Balcom, Jr., compiled by David Jillson. Includes people born into the early 1800s. Citation Example: Jillson, David. [[Space:Genealogy of the Balkcom or Balcom Family of Attleboro Mass|Genealogy of the Balkcom or Balcom Family of Attleboro Mass]] Footnote Example: [[#Jillson|Jillson]]: Page 11 A scanned copy of the book is viewable and downloadable at: https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/33585-genealogy-of-the-balkcom-or-balcom-family-of-attleboro-mass?offset=1

==''Genealogy Of The Elmer And The More Families''== * As originally compiled by the Honorable L. Q. C. Elmer * To which has been added such additional data as could be gathered from various members members of the family by Brookes More * Published December 1930 by The Cornhill Publishing Company; Boston, Massachusetts * http://www.worldcat.org/title/genealogy-of-the-elmer-and-the-more-families/oclc/15320528 * Reprint available from Higginson Book Co., LLC, $30, hardcover, item #GENEL032H. * Citation Example: :::Elmer, L.Q.C. ''[[Space:Genealogy Of The Elmer And The More Families|Genealogy Of The Elmer And The More Families]]'' (Published December 1930 by The Cornhill Publishing Company; Boston, Massachusetts) * Footnote Examples: ::: [[#Elmer2|Elmer2]]: Page xxx ::: [[#Elmer2|Elmer2]] * [[Special:Whatlinkshere/Space:Genealogy Of The Elmer And The More Families|WikiTree Profiles that use this source]] ==NOTE== : This is NOT the original book by LQC Elmer. The original book is, ''Geneaology [sic] and Biography of the Elmer Family'' : Author: Lucius Q C Elmer : Publisher: Bridgeton, N.J.: Nixon & Potter, printers, 1860. : Edition/Format: Print book: Biography: English : Database: WorldCat

Originally compiled by L Q C Elmer and supplemented by Brookes More and other family members. Published by Cornhill Publishing Company, December1930, Boston, Massachusetts. This copy came into the possession of the Pennsylvania Historical Society and is identified with name Robert P Elmer, dated November 22, 1943

__notoc__
* Lorenzo Sayles Fairbanks * Publisher: American Printing and Engraving Company, Boston 1897 * Illustrated * Searchable * Worldcat (source edition) [https://www.worldcat.org/title/genealogical-and-personal-history-of-beaver-county-pennsylvania/oclc/878978291?referer=br&ht=edition 878978291] ====Copyright.==== :: This book is in the [https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ Public Domain Mark 1.0] as is was published in 1897 with no copyright extension on file. === Available online at these locations: === :: Archive Org * https://archive.org/details/genealogyfairba00fairgoog/page/n7/mode/2up Genealogy of the Fairbanks Family in America, 1633-1897 ====Source Example:==== : * Lorenzo Sayles Fairbanks ''[https://archive.org/details/genealogyfairba00fairgoog/page/n7/mode/2up Genealogy of the Fairbanks Family in America, 1633-1897]]'' Publisher: American Printing and Engraving Company, Boston 1897 Page ### ====Inline Citation Example:==== : Lorenzo Sayles Fairbanks ''[https://archive.org/details/genealogyfairba00fairgoog/page/n7/mode/2up Genealogy of the Fairbanks Family in America, 1633-1897]]'' Publisher: American Printing and Engraving Company, Boston 1897 Page ### * [[Special:Whatlinkshere/Space:Genealogy_of_the_Fairbanks_Family_in_America%2C_1633-1897|WikiTree Profiles that use this source]]

  GENEALOGY OF THE MARKHAMS [https://archive.org/stream/heraldgenealogis07nich_0#page/318/]Genealogy of the Markhams. The Herald and Genealogist, Vol. VII, Pg. 318-335.
“A family very famous heretofore both for antiquity and valour.”
CAMDEN’S Britannia, i.p. 584.
I. Markhams of Markham, Cotham, and afterwards of Becca .   .   .  320
II. Markhams of Ollerton   .   .   .   .   .   .   .   .   .   .  .   .  333
III. Markham’s of Sedgebrook .   .   .   .   .   .   .   .   .   .   . 398
IV. Markhams of Oxton, Creaton, and Northampton  .   .   .   .   . 403

AUTHORITIES.

“GENEALOGY OR PETIGREE OF MARKHAMS OF MARKHAM, COTHAM, OXTON, OLLERTON, AND SEDGEBROOKE, FINISHED AT Y^E CHARGES PAYNES OF FRANCIS MARKHAM, SECOND SONNE OF ROBERT OF COTHAM, JULY 27, 1601. ‘For inquire I pray thee, of the former age, and prepare thyself for the search of thy Fathers,’ Job 8,8.” A manuscript in possession of [[Markham-720|Clements R. Markham]], Esq., C.B.

“ANTIQUÆ NOBILISQUE FAMILIÆ ET CLARÆ PROSAPIÆ MARKHAMORUM STEMMA USQUE AD GRIFFINUM MARKHAM EQUITEM AURATUM DELINEATUM.” A pedigree on vellum attested by Camden’s signature, now in possession of [[Markham-720|Clements R. Markham]], Esq., C.B. It is illustrated by 155 shields of arms.

FAMILY BIBLES AT BECCA, of the Archbishop’s family (Oxford edit. 1743, 2 vols), of the family of the Archbishop’s son, William Markham, of Becca, and of his grandson William Markham of Becca; and Pocket Books at Becca.

MS. in the College of Arms, marked VINCENT’S NOTTS. No. 117, pp. 122-23.

HARLEIAN MSS. Pedigree of Markham set forth by Chester Herald, A.D. 1562 (No. 2133-73, fol. 106; and 74, fol. 106; and No. 1408-170, fol. 152-6; and No. 2134-25, fol. 214-6).

PARISH REGISTERS at Cotham, Sedgebrook, Plumstead, Kinsale, Aberford, &c.

MONUMENTS at Markham, Cotham, Newark, Laneham, Cloisters of Westminster Abbey, Aberford, Great Horkesley, St. George’s Chapel at Windsor, &c.

MRS. TUNSTALL’S PEDIGREE OF THE MARKHAMS OF OLLERTON.

A HISTORY OF THE MARKHAM FAMILY, by the Rev. David Frederick Markham. (J.B. Nichols, 8vo. 1854.)

PEDIGREE privately printed by A.B. Markham, Esq. for the Northampton branch.

ARMORIAL BEARINGS OF THE MARKHAMS

FRANCIS MARKHAM, in his MS. history of the family dated July 27th, 1601, gives the arms of the Markhams as “b. on a chiefe o. a lion issuant g.” and the crest, “a lion winged holding in his right paw a payr of hames, tayle between his legges o.” “Mantle b. lined o.” The same arms and crest were used by Sir John Markham, the judge, in the time of Hen. IV. and are given in the pedigree attested by Camden.

MARKHAMS OF COTHAM, afterwards of BECCA, may rightly quarter the arms of Markham, Lexington, Bothumsell, Cressi, Bourdon, Bekeryng, Lowdham, Daubeny, Leeke, Towers, Stavely, Talbot, Neville, Lewis, Somerset, Holland, Plantagenet, Wake and Estoteville, besides those of Strelly, Vavasour, Griffin, Favell, Latimer, Braybrooke, Newmarch, Leydett, Folliott, Reincourt, Newton, Chedder, and Hannays by right of descent from a co-heir of Markham of the Ollerton branch.

Guillim (p. 184) gives the Markham arms as “Azure, on a chief or a lion rampant issuant gules, langued and armed of the first.” These are the arms now used by the descendants of the Archbishop of York.

The Markhams of Sedgebrook (Baronets) used a white bordure for difference. “Sæpissime in fenestris ecclesiæ party per fess or and azure, in chief a demi-lyon rampant gules, a border argent.”¹ Fuller (Worthies, p. 242) erroneously gives the white bordure to Sir Robert Markham of Cotham 12 Hen. VI.

The most ancient form of the crest is a lion passant or, winged and with glory, and tail between the legs, holding a pair of horse hames. Francis Markham and the Camden Pedigree, however, have the lion passant gardant, with a sort of cap, which may be intended for glory. The Archbishop of York and his sons used an incorrect form, the lion sejant gardant, with rays of glory instead of a circlet, and holding a harp instead of horse hames. The late Colonel Markham of Becca, and his brother the Rev. David F. Markham, restored the ancient form of the crest, which is now used by their descendants.

The Markham family never used any motto.

The standard of the Markhams, in the time of Henry VIII. was a cross of St. George at the head; the fly per fess and or azure, with a lion rampant gules and wings endorsed or, holding a pair of horse hames of the first; a border and or azure. The fly swallow-tailed. A.D. 1522.²

The mantle or lambrequin azure, lined or, as given by Sir Francis Markham in 1601.


I. MARKHAMS OF MARKHAM, COTHAM, AND AFTERWARDS OF BECCA.

CLARON is mentioned in Domesday Book as holding West Markham under Roger de Busli. ROGER, who had a son FULC, held land in East Markham, under the same Roger de Busli.

SIR ALEXANDER DE MARKHAM, Lord of Markham, was Castellan of Nottingham Castle, in the reigns of Henry II. and John. Camden says, in his Britannia, that the Markhams were “very famous heretofore both for antiquity and valour.” The name is taken from the village of Markham in Nottinghamshire. Sir Alexander had a son William.

WILLIAM DE MARKHAM of Markham and Tuxford married Cecilia, daughter of Richard de Lexington, and had a son Richard. William died in 1267.

RICHARD DE MARKHAM had three sons, namely:
I. Sir Robert, his successor, who married Sarah, daughter and co-heir of Jordan de Snitterton, a younger son of Shirley of Shirley. He died in 1289. He had no son, but three daughters, namely:—
 1. Cicely, married to Sir John Bekeryng.
 2. Bertha, married to William de Longvilliers. (See page 398).
 3. Agnes, married to William de Sancta Cruce. (See page 403).
II. RICHARD, who succeeded his brother Robert.
III. William, a priest. Lord Treasurer to Edward I. A.D. 1290-95. Bishop of Wells 1293-1302. He died in 1302, and was buried in Wells Cathedral.

RICHARD DE MARKHAM of Markham succeeded his brother Robert. He died leaving a son and successor JOHN.

SIR JOHN MARKHAM, Lord of West Markham, a King’s Serjeant. He married Joan, daughter and heir of Sir Nicholas Bothumsell, and died A.D. 1329. His children were:
I. William, who died childless.
II. Robert, his successor.
III. Nigel.
IV. Elizabeth, married William de Gayforth.
V. Cecilia.

SIR ROBERT MARKHAM was also a King’s Serjeant. He married Isabel, daughter of Sir John Caunton of Caunton in 1360, A.D. and had a son and successor JOHN.

SIR JOHN MARKHAM, Lord of East Markham, Puisne Judge of Common Pleas from A.D. 1396 to 1406.³ He drew up the instrument for the deposition of Richard II.⁴ He married first Elizabeth, daughter and co-heir of Sir Roger de Cressy of Hodsac, who bought him Cressy Hall, Risegate, Braytoft, and Exton in Lincolnshire. He married secondly Milicent, daughter and heir of Sir John de Bekeryng. This lady was widow of Nicholas de Burdon, who was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury in 1403. Her only daughter by Burdon was Elizabeth, wife of her step-son Sir Robert Markham. Judge Markham died in 1409, and was buried in Markham church, where there is an altar-tomb to his memory. By his first wife he had:
I. Robert, his successor.
II. Henry.
III. Adela, married to Richard, son and heir of Sir Richard Stanhope. She is the ancestress of the Earls of Chesterfield, Harrington, and Stanhope.
By his second wife he had:—
IV. Sir John, founder of the Sedgebrook line, Lord Chief Justice. (See page 398).
V. Margaret, married to Sir Walter Pitwardyn.

SIR ROBERT MARKHAM, Lord of East Markham. His name is in the list of Nottinghamshire gentry, made in 1433, and he was High Sheriff of Nottingham and Derby in 1434. He married Elizabeth, daughter and heir of Nicholas de Burdon by Milicent de Bekeryng; which Elizabeth was half-sister to his half-brother Sir John Markham of Sedgebrook, and step-daughter to his father. She brought him the manors Maplebeck and Houghton. Their children were:—
I. Robert, his successor.
II. Elizabeth, married to Sir Thomas Molineux of Hawton, Knight Banneret.
III. Margaret, married to Sir Henry Willoughby, Knight Banneret.
IV. Katherine, married to Sir Henry Bozom of Screveton.

SIR ROBERT MARKHAM, K.B. of Cotham. He was made a Knight of the Bath by Edward IV. at his coronation, after the battle of Towton. High Sheriff of Derby and Notts, A.D. 1481, and of Lincoln, A.D. 1477. He married Joan, daughter of Sir Giles Daubeny by Mary, daughter of Sir Simon Leake of Cotham. “The family of Markham then made Cotham their principal residence, and were of great note.”⁵ Sir Robert was buried in Newark Church, with his second son Robert. (See page 403). He died in A.D. 1496, leaving two sons:
I. John, his successor.
II. Robert, founder of the Oxton line. (See page 403).

SIR JOHN MARKHAM of Cotham, a commander in the battle of Stoke, A.D. 1488. High Sheriff for Derby and Notts in 1519 and 1526. He married Alice, daughter of Sir William Skipwith, and died in or about 1536, (outlawed, for hanging the Priest of Benington), leaving a son and successor JOHN.

SIR JOHN MARKHAM of Cotham, Lieutenant of the Tower of London in the time of Edward VI. High Sheriff of Derby and Notts in 1539, and for Lincoln in 1533. Knight of the Shire for Notts in 1546 and 1558. He married first Anne, daughter of Sir George Neville by Mary daughter of Sir Henry FitzLewes and of Elizabeth a daughter and co-heir of Edmund Beaufort, second Duke of Somerset. He married secondly Margery, daughter of Sir Ralph Langford of Langford; and thirdly, Anne relict of Sir Richard Stanhope, and daughter and co-heir of Sir John Strelly. He died in 1564.⁶ By his first wife he had issue:
I. John, of Sireston, who died before his father. He married Katherine, daughter of Sir Anthony Babington, and had issue:—
 1. Robert, born in 1536, who succeeded his grandfather.
 2. Sanchia, married to William de Hardwicke.
 3. Anne, died unmarried.
II. Henry, Precentor of Lincoln Cathedral in 1550.
By his second wife he had:—
III. Robert, he was blind and died unmarried.
IV. Alice, married to Sir Robert Moreton of Bawtry.
And by his third:—
V. William, of Okeley, M.P. for Nottingham in 1553. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Edward Montagu, and made his will in 1570. He left an only daughter Anne, married to Nicholas Timperley.
VI. Thomas, founder of the Ollerton branch. (See page 333).
VII. Frances, married to Henry Babington, and was mother of Anthony Babington, the conspirator.
VIII. Isabella, married to Sir John Harrington in 1554. She had been Maid of Honour to the Princess Elizabeth.

ROBERT MARKHAM of Cotham was born at Sireston in 1536, and succeeded his grandfather at Cotham. He was knight of the shire for Notts in 1571, and high sheriff in 1571 and 1583. He was much trusted by Queen Elizabeth, and his name appears in her famous distich on her four Nottinghamshire courtiers:—

 “Gervase the gentle, Stanhope the stout,
 Markham the lion, and Sutton the lout.”

He married first Mary, daughter of Sir Francis Leake, and secondly Mary, daughter of William Burnell of Winkburne. He died in 1606, having had by his first wife:—
I. Robert, his successor, born about 1564.
II. Francis, born on July 25th, 1565. He was Muster Master of Nottinghamshire and author of The Book of Honor and of Decades of War. He also wrote a History of the Markham Family, A.D. 1601, (MS. penes [[Markham-720|Clements R. Markham]], Esq. C.B.). On January 3rd, 1608, he married Mary Lovel, then only aged 15. They had:—
 1. Francis, born August 8th, 1614.
 2. William, born 1616.
III. Gervase, born in 1568, the famous Author. He married daughter of one Gelsthorp, and died childless. He was buried at St. Gile’s Cripplegate, February 3rd, 1637.⁷
IV. Godfrey, served with the Earl of Essex in Ireland and in the Royalist army. He was killed in a sortie at the siege of Newark in 1646.
V. John, died childless.
VI. Gertrude, married to Sir Thomas Sadleir of Standen Court.
By his second wife Robert Markham had:—
VII. Roger, who died childless.
VIII. Frances, married 1574 to William Staunton.
IX. Catherine, married to John Marshall of Carlton.

SIR ROBERT MARKHAM of Cotham. “He was a fatal unthrift, and destroyer of this eminent family.”⁸ He sold Cotham, and all the Nottinghamshire and Lincolnshire estates of the Markhams, to the Earl of Clare and others. He married first Anne, daughter of Sir John Warburton of Arley, who died on November 17th, 1601, and secondly Winifred, daughter of Robert Thorold of Haugh. By his first wife he had issue:
I. John, Serjeant-at-Arms to James I. He died on August 26th, 1610.
II. Robert, served under Sir John Burroughs or de Burgh at the siege of Frankenthal in 1623 and at the Isle of Rhé, where he was slain in 1627. Author of an elegy on Sir John Burroughs.
III. Daniel, who continued the line.
IV. Alexander, died childless.
V. Elizabeth, born 1594. She married Cecil, 3rd son of Roger Cave of Stanford, co. Northampton, by Margaret Cecil, sister of Lord Burghley.
VI. Anne, married to E. Bassano, Esq. a gentleman of the Presence Chamber to Charles I in 1634.
VII. Mary, married to her kinsman John Markham, youngest son of Thomas Markham of Ollerton. (See page 333).
VIII. Phillip, who died at Haugh unmarried in 1669.

[[Markham-1103|DANIEL MARKHAM]], the third son of Sir Robert Markham of Cotham by Anne Warburton, settled at Plumstead Magna, near Norwich, where he died at a great age, in 1690. He had issue a son named Matthew, who continued the line (the name of his wife is not known):—

MATTHEW MARKHAM of Thorpe and Plumstead, was Mayor of Norwich in 1665. He married Anne ….. who died in 1683, by whom he had four children. He died in January, 1677, leaving:—
I. Matthew, in holy orders. Rector of Plumstead Magna, where he died in 1676. He married Barbara ….., who died in 1686. Their children were:—
 1. Matthew, born 1670, died 1671.
 2. Daniel, born 1671.
 3. John, born and died 1675.
 4. Anne, born in 1669, and married, in 1681, to Edmund Jermy, Esq.
 5. Barbara, born in 1673, and married, in 1692, to John Houldich, Esq. of Norwich.
 6. Martha, born 1676.
II. Daniel, born and died in 1650, and buried at Plumstead Magna.
III. Daniel, born in 1653, who continued the line.
IV. Elizabeth, married to Peter Coppin, Esq. She died on Nov. 21st, 1702, at East Carleton, in Norfolk.

[[Markham-921|DANIEL MARKHAM]] was baptised in 1653 at Plumstead Magna, in Norfolk. He was an officer in the army, and served under the Duke of York, and in America. He married a daughter of Captain Fennel of Cappagh in Ireland, by Frances, asserted to have been a daughter of General Fleetwood and his wife Bridget, daughter of Oliver Cromwell, the Lord Protector.⁹ He had issue:—
I. William, his heir.
II. Enoch, b. 1688 Cappagh, Kilkenny brought under Jarvis the painter. He had two sons:—
 1. Enoch, Head Master of Oakham School. He married at Oxford, and died childless in 1739.
 2. Thomas, a painter. He married, and had a son George, in holy orders, D.D. Rector of Tattenhall, Cheshire, November 30th, 1781, and of Carlton in Craven. Died 1816.
III. Matthew, settled at Kinsale. He left two daughters:—
 1. Margaret.
 2. Elizabeth.
IV. Elizabeth, married to a Mr. Combe.

WILLIAM MARKHAM was born at Cappagh Kilkenny in 1686. He was a Major in the Army, and served under General Stanhope in Spain. In 1717; he married Elizabeth, grand-daughter of George Markham of Worksop Lodge, of the Ollerton branch. (See page 334), and died in June, 1771, aged 85, having had issue:—
I. William, his heir.
II. George, a Lieutenant in the Navy, died unmarried on Jan. 31st, 1801.
III. Enoch, Colonel of the 46th, died unmarried on December 25th, 1800, aged 73.
IV. Elizabeth, married to Robert Shaw, Esq. of Kilkenny.

WILLIAM MARKHAM was born in 1719. He was Head Master of Westminster School 1753-64. Dean of Rochester 1764-66, and of Christ Church 1766-71. Bishop of Chester 1771-76, and Archbishop of York 1776-1807. On June 16th, 1759, at St. Mildred’s church, Bread Street, London, he married Sarah, daughter of John Goddard, Esq. and died on November 3rd, 1807, having had issue:—
I. William, b. 1760 his heir and successor.
II. John, born June 13th, 1761, in the Navy, Post Captain in 1783, commanded the “Sphynx” (24), “Blonde”, and “Hannibal,” in the West Indies, and the “Centaur” in the Mediterranean, when he captured three French frigates. Lord of the Admiralty 1801-4 and 1806-7. M.P. for Portsmouth 1801-26. On November 27th, 1796, he married the Hon. Maria Rice, sister of Lord Dynevor, who died on December 22nd, 1810. Admiral Markham died on February 13th, 1827, leaving issue:—
 1. John.
 2. Frederick, Colonel of the 32nd in 1842. Wounded in Canada, and at the siege of Mooltan. He commanded at the battle of Sooruj-Koond, November 7th, 1848. Aide-de-Camp to the Queen and C.B. Lieut. General in the Crimea; and died on November 21st, 1855.
 3. William Rice, Vicar of Morlands. He married first, on November 29th, 1838, Jane, daughter of J. Tulip, Esq., who died in 1839; and secondly, on June 21st, 1840, Jane, daughter of Nathaniel Clayton, Esq., who died on July 2nd, 1871. By his second wife he has a daughter:—
  1. Maria, married on April 20th, 1868, to her second cousin, Francis Markham. (See page 331).
 4. Maria, died unmarried on August 12th, 1836.
III. George, born March 30th, 1763. In Holy Orders. Rector of Stokesly and Dean of York 1802-22. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Richard Sutton, Bart. of Norwood, and died on September 30th, 1822, having had issue:—
 1. George, born February 12th, 1796. Lieut. R.N. He was wounded at the battle of Algiers. He died unmarried on January 23rd, 1834.
 2. Edward, born June 5th, 1801. He served for some years in the E.I.C. sea service. He married first, in 1840, Charlotte Sherwin Longden, who died on December 4th of the same year; and secondly, Harriet, daughter of Rev. John Rumsey. He died on 20th July, 1865.
 3. Elizabeth Frances, born August 28th, 1790. She married General Sir Rufane Shaw Donkin, K.C.B. on August 30th, 1815.
 4. Henrietta Alicia, born August 19th, 1791.
 5. Cecilia, born October 27th, 1792. In June, 1827 she married the Rev. George A. Montgomery.
 6. Maria, born March 5th, 1794. On September 28th, 1812, she married the Hon. and Rev. Alfred Harris, son of the Earl of Malmesbury.
 7. Anne Isabella, born April 14th, 1795. On June 17th, 1825, she married Major Chadwick.
 8. Frederica, born September 12th, 1798. She married Captain Haviside on March 24th, 1838.
 9. Sophia, born October 10th, 1799. She died unmarried.
 10. Sarah, born June 23rd, 1802.
IV. David, born September 1st, 1766. He entered the army, led the forlorn hope at the siege of Bangalore in 1791. In 1793 he was Colonel of the 10th Regiment, and was killed in the assault of a fort in St. Domingo.
V. Robert, born March 28th, 1768. Rector of Bolton Percy and Archdeacon of York. On 2nd August, 1797, he married Frances Egerton, only surviving daughter of Sir Gervase Clifton, Bart., of Clifton, co. Notts., who died 8th December, 1846. He died on July 17th, 1837, having had issue:—
 1. Robert, Captain in the 58th. He died at Fermoy in May, 1832.
 2. Henry Spencer, born on January 8th, 1805, Rector of Clifton, and Canon of York. On October 18th, 1831, he married Sophia Charlotte, daughter of Sir John Lister Kaye, Bart. and died 2nd Sept. 1844, leaving a son Henry Robert, born December 30th, 1832, at Clifton Rectory. He married on December 8th, 1860, Elizabeth, daughter of the Rev. W. MacBean, and took the name of Clifton in August, 1869, on succeeding to the estates of his cousin Sir Robert Clifton, Bart.
 3. Frances Egerton, born in 1799, and died unmarried at Bolton Percy on December 19th, 1837.
 4. Georgina, born in 1800. On September 16th, 1824, she married George Baillie of Mellerstein and Jerviswood, who succeeded as 10th Earl of Haddington in 1858.
VI. Osborne, born on May 27th, 1769. A Barrister, M.P. for Calne, and Comptroller of the Barrack Department. He married first, on June 10th, 1806, Lady Mary Thynne, daughter of the Marquess of Bath, who died on February 14th, 1814; and secondly, on June 28th, 1821, Martha Honora Georgina, daughter of Captain William Henry Jervis, R.N., nephew of Earl St. Vincent. Osborne Markham died on October 22nd, 1827. His widow (having taken the name of Jervis in 1823, and married secondly in 1834, Lieut. Gen. Sir William Cockburn, Bart., who died in 1835), died on February 26th, 1865. By his first wife he had issue:—
 1. Mary, born on September 29th, 1812. On June 18th, 1834, she married Phillip Charles Sheppard, Esq. of Swanswick, near Bath.
 2. Osborne, born on February 8th, 1814. Captain of the 34th. He died unmarried on November 13th, 1847.
 By his second wife, Osborne Markham had:—
 3. Martha, born on March 2nd, 1824. On January 12th, 1848, she married Rev. William Henley Pearson, M.A., son of the Dean of Salisbury. They took the name of Jervis only, May 22nd, 1865. (See Herald and Genealogist Vol. III, Pg. 565).[https://archive.org/stream/heraldgenealogis03nich#page/564]The Herald and Genealogist, Vol. III, Pg. 565.
 4. John, born January 30th, and died March 2nd, 1827.
VII. Henrietta Sarah, born May 30th, 1764. In 1784 she married Ewan Law, Esq., of Horsted, co. Sussex, eldest brother of the first Lord Ellenborough.
VIII. Elizabeth Caroline, born on August 5th, 1765. She married William Barnett, Esq. of Little Missenden Abbey.
IX. Alicia Harriette, born on February 15th, 1771. On 27th Nov. 1794, she married Rev. Henry Foster Mills, Prebendary of York and Southwell and Rector of Emley, co. York.
X. Georgina, born October 23rd, 1772. She died unmarried.
XI. Frederica, born on February 23rd, 1774. On September 16th, 1797, she married William Murray third Earl of Mansfield.
XII. Anne Katherine, born May 25th, 1778. She died unmarried.
XIII. Cecilia, born February 9th, 1783. She married, on December 6th, 1808, the Rev. Robert Phillip Goodenough, Rector of Carlton, co. Notts. and Prebendary of Carlisle.

WILLIAM MARKHAM was born on April 5th, 1760. He was Private Secretary to Warren Hastings, the first Governor General of India. In 1781 he was appointed Resident at Benares, and he returned to England in 1783. He seated himself at Becca Hall, near Aberford, and was a Deputy Lieutenant of the County of York. On August 20th, 1795, he married Elizabeth, daughter of Oldfield Bowles, Esq. of North Aston, co. Oxon (who married secondly, in 1822, Alexander Mure, Esq. and died at Great Horkesley on March 25th, 1841). He died on January 1st, 1815, leaving issue:—
I. William, his heir and successor.
II. John, born June 6th, 1797. He entered the Navy in 1810, became a Lieutenant in 1824, and a retired Commander on July 1st, 1864. In 1834 he married Marianne, daughter of J.B. Wood, Esq., They settled at Ronceval, in Trempileau county, Wisconsin, U.S. in 1856. John Markham died on October 26th, 1870. His children are:—
 1. John, born at Leghorn on April 1st, 1835. He was appointed a Student Interpreter in China in 1852, and on December 22nd, 1858, Vice-Consul at Shanghai; 1868, Consul at Chifu. He died October 9th, 1871 at Shanghai. He married, on February 26th, 1858, Miss Caroline Ricketts of Hong Kong, by whom he had:—
  1. Marianne Ellen, born October 4th, 1861.
  2. Florence Alice, born July 9th, 1865.
 2. George Henry, born January 24th, 1837, of Ronceval, Trempileau county, Wisconsin, U.S. In 1861 he married Miss Fanny Bishop of Wisconsin, by whom he has:—
  1. George, born May 7th, 1863.
 3. Frederick, born in 1838, and died in 1840.
 4. Arthur Augustus, born June 8th, 1840, of Wisconsin, U.S.
 5. Albert Hastings, born November 11th, 1841. He entered the Navy on June 25th, 1856; served eight years in China, and was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant for his gallantry in an attack on a piratical Chinese junk, on April 3rd, 1862. January 7th, 1868, appointed 1st Lieutenant of H.M.S. “Blanche”, on the Australian station. (China medal).
 6. William Jervis, died young.
III. David Frederick, born at Becca on March 11th, 1800. He was Vicar of Stillingfleet, co. York, 1826-38, Rector of Great Horkesley 1838-53, and Canon of Windsor 1827-53. On August 30th, 1827, he married, in Bolton Percy church, Catherine, daughter of Sir William Mordaunt Milner, Bart. of Nunappleton, co. York. He died on March 31st, 1853, having had issue:—
 1. David William Christian, born on December 25th, 1828. He died at sea on May 17th, 1850.
 2. [[Markham-720|Clements Robert]], C.B. born on July 20th, 1830. He entered the Navy on June 28th, 1844; served in the Arctic expedition of 1850-1 (Arctic medal); passed for a Lieutenant in 1851; and left the Navy on December 28th, 1851. Assistant Secretary in the India Office, and Secretary to the Royal Geographical and Hakluyt Societies. He introduced Chinchona cultivation into India in 1859-60, and was Geographer to the Abyssinian Expedition in 1867-68 (Abyssinian medal). On May 17th, 1871, he was appointed a Civil Companion of the Bath. Author of the “Life of the Great Lord Fairfax,” and other works. On April 23rd, 1857, he married Minna, daughter of the Rev. James H. Chichester, Rector of Arlington (brother of Sir Bruce Chichester, Bart., of Arlington Court, co. Devon), by whom he has:—
  1. Mary Louisa, born on October 4th, 1859.
 3. Warren, born July 16th, and died at Nunappleton on January 11th, 1836.
 4. Selina Catherine Laura, born on August 1st, 1832. On June 1st, 1852, she married Capt. Richard R. Quin, R.N. son of Lord George Quin, by Georgina, daughter of Earl Spencer. She died on January 31st, 1867.
 5. Georgina Elizabeth, born December 15th, 1838. On July 16th, 1851, she married Charles Bowen, Esq. of the Canterbury Settlement, New Zealand.
 6. Gertrude Caroline Lucy, born on September 28th, 1842. She was married on December 3rd, 1868, to Lieut. Colonel Henry Clements, of Ashfield Lodge, co. Cavan.
IV. Warren, born July 15th, 1801. He entered the army on May 25th, 1820, and became a Captain in the 72nd on August 26th, 1824. He died at the Cape on November 15th, 1831.
V. Charles, born on March 15th, 1803. He entered the army in June, 1821. August, 1841 Lieutenant-Colonel of the 60th Rifles. On June 17th, 1834, he married his cousin, Emma, daughter of Rev. Ralph Brandling of Gosforth, by Emma, daughter of Oldfield Bowles, Esq. Colonel Markham died at Jamaica on April 2nd, 1842, leaving an only child:—
 1. Charles, born at Gosforth on March 27th, 1835. In Holy Orders. He is Rector of Saxby in Lincolnshire. On September 8th, 1859, he married Margaret, daughter of John Watson Barton, Esq. of Stapleton Park, co. York (she died on September 29th, 1870), and has:—
  1. Charles John, born June 21st, 1862.
  2. Frederick Warren, born January 7th, 1865.
  3. Roger Francis, born September 13th, 1866.
  4. Algernon Augustus, born May 15th, 1869.
VI. Emma, born on October 28th, 1798. On June 17th, 1824. she married William Rookes Crompton Stansfield, Esq. of Esholt Hall, co. York.
VII. Laura, born on March 14th, 1804. She married, on February 7th, 1825, William Mure, Esq. of Caldwell, co. Ayr, M.P. for Renfrewshire, and Lord Rector of Glasgow University.
VIII. Lucy, born on May, 12th, 1805. On June 19th, 1830, she married Henry Lewis Wickham, Esq., only son of the Right Honourable William Wickham.

WILLIAM MARKHAM of Becca was born on June 28th, 1796. On March 5th, 1834, he was appointed Lieutenant-Colonel of the 2nd West York Militia. He married, on February 13th, 1828, his cousin Lucy Anne, daughter of William Holbech, Esq. of Farnborough, co. Warwick, by Lucy daughter of Oldfield Bowles Esq. He died on January 26th, 1852, having had issue:—
I. William Thomas his successor.
II. Edwin, born on March 28th, 1833. Joined the Royal Artillery on December 19th, 1850. Captain November 17th, 1868. He served at Alma, the siege of Sebastopol, and in India during the mutinies. An officer of the Legion of Honour. Crimean medal and three clasps, Turkish medal, Indian medal.
III. Francis, born October 31st, 1837. Joined the Rifle on March 16th, 1856. Captain January 5th, 1870. Aide de camp to Sir A. Horsford at Malta. On April 20th, 1868. He married his second cousin Maria Markham (See page 327), and has:—
 1. Frederick Rice, born February 25th, 1869.
 2. Cecil Marjory Barbara, born at Malta, April 14th, 1871.
IV. Alfred, born on June 26th, 1839. He entered the Navy in 1852, and served in the Black Sea during the Crimean War. Lieutenant November 26th, 1859. Commander February 18th, 1867. Crimean medal. July 8th, 1870, Commander of H.M.S. “Warrior”.
V. Gervase, born on February, 15th, 1844. B.A. of Trinity college, Cambridge. Assistant Agent to Earl Fitzwilliam, 1871.
VI. Laura Elizabeth Frederica, born on February 1st, 1829. On October 29th, 1856, she married Lieut.-Colonel Pearson of the Grenadier Guards.
VII. Adela, born on September 24th, 1831, and died on June 26th, 1848.
VIII. Mary, born on August 23rd, 1835, and died at Ryde on January 29th, 1851.
IX. Rose Georgina, born on August 31st, 1836, and died at Ryde on April 18th, 1851.
X. Lucy Henrietta, born on July 28th, 1840.
XI. Emma, born on December 26th, 1842. On January 4th, 1864, she married the Rev. Albert Smith, Rector of Wendover, son of Abel Smith, Esq. of Wood Hall, co. Herts.
XII. Caroline, born on January 16th, 1846, and died at Torquay, on November 24th, 1847.

WILLIAM THOMAS MARKHAM of Cufforth Hall (formerly Becca) was born on July 13th, 1830. In December 1848, he joined the Rifle Brigade and served in Canada, at the battle of Alma, the siege of Sebastopol, and at Kertch, Aide-de-Camp to Sir George Brown. (Medal and clasps). In December 1854 he exchanged into the Coldstream Guards. He is Lieutenant-Colonel of the Leeds Rifle Volunteers. On April 15th, 1857, he married Anne Emily Sophia, daughter of Sir Francis Grant, the President of the Royal Academy, by Isabella daughter of Richard Norman and Lady Elizabeth Manners, daughter of the 4th Duke of Rutland. He has issue:—
I. William Hope, born on December 16th, 1859.
II. Mabel Wilhelmina, born on April 5th, 1858.
III. Cecile, born on February 9th, 1861.
IV. Claron Henry, twins^* b. July 21st, 1866, died in 1867.
V. Cyril Fulc, twins^* b. July 21st, 1866, died 1868.
VI. Hermione Violet Cyril, born September 8th, 1867.
VII. Rupert Evelyn, born December 13th, 1868.


II. MARKHAMS OF OLLERTON.

THOMAS MARKHAM of Ollerton and Kirby Bellers was the founder of the Ollerton branch. (See page 323). He was the son of Sir John Markham of Cotham by his third wife Anne relict of Sir Richard Stanhope, and daughter of Sir John Strelly. Thomas Markham was High Steward of Mansfield, Ranger of Sherwood Forest, Standard Bearer to Queen Elizabeth’s band of Gentlemen Pensioners, and High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire in 1577. His sons became Roman Catholics, for which he humbly apologized to Lord Burghley in letters dated 1592 and 1594. He married Mary, daughter and heiress of Ryce Griffin, Esq. of Braybrook and Dingley, by Elizabeth Brudenell of Dean; and had issue:—
I. Sir Griffin, the conspirator against the government of James I. A beautiful pedigree on five skins of parchment was blazoned for him, and attested by Camden’s signature:¹⁰ now in possession of [[Markham-720|Clements R. Markham]], Esq. C.B. He married Anne, daughter of Peter Roos of Laxton.
II. Charles, married to Bridget, daughter of Thomas Horde of Horde, and had a daughter married first to Thomas Waterton, Esq. and secondly to Sir John Middleton.
III. Thomas.
IV. George, heir and successor to his father.
V. William who assisted in the escape of Lady Arabella Stuart. He died childless on May 31st, 1617.
VI. Robert, died childless at Rome.
VII. John, married to Mary, daughter of Sir Robert Markham of Cotham. (See page 325).
VIII. Elizabeth, married to Sir Edward Sheldon of Beoly.
IX. Anne, married to Sir Francis Smith of Queniborow, and was mother of Charles, created Lord Carrington in 1664.
X. Margery, married to Nicholas Longford of Longford.
XI. Jane, married to John Skinner of Castle Conyers.

GEORGE MARKHAM of Ollerton, married Judith, daughter and heiress of John Withernwick of Claxby, by a Fitzwilliam. He had issue:—
I. Thomas, his heir and successor.
II. George, of Worksop Lodge, born in 1616, and died in 1670. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Marmaduke Tunstall of Wycliffe, and had issue:—
 1. George, born 1659, who had two daughters:—
  1. Elizabeth, married to Major William Markham, father of the Archbishop of York. (See page 326).
  2. Catharine.
III. Robert, died childless in 1663.
IV. William.
V. Griffin.
VI. Ursula.
VII. Mary.
VIII. Anne.
IX. Margaret, a nun at Pontoise. She died in 1717, aged 105. (See Herald and Genealogist, Vol. III, Pg. 517).[https://archive.org/stream/heraldgenealogis03nich#page/516]The Herald and Genealogist, Vol. III, Pg. 517.
X. Elizabeth, a nun at Ghent, died in 1664.
XI. Frances, a nun at Liege.
XII. Catherine.

THOMAS MARKHAM of Ollerton. Lieut.-Colonel of Horse in the Royalist Army under Colonel Charles Cavendish. He was slain in the battle of Winceby in Lincolnshire on October 12th, 1644,¹¹ [https://books.google.co.za/books?id=64wLAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA121]A Life of the Great Lord Fairfax, Commander-in-Chief of the Army of the Parliament of England, by Sir [[Markham-720|Clements Robert Markham]]. Pg. 121. and buried at Ollerton. He married Ursula, daughter of William Clopton of Sledwick, who married secondly, Henry Neville of Holt.
I. Thomas, his heir and successor.
II. George.
III. Elizabeth.
IV. Catherine.

THOMAS MARKHAM of Ollerton and Claxby. He married Anne, daughter of William Neville of Holt and had issue:—
I. Thomas, his heir and successor.
II. Percy, who died on April 6th, 1753. Annual masses for his soul at Great Heywood.
III. Judith.
IV. Allen.
V. Mary, } Nuns at Bruges.
VI. Anne, } Nuns at Bruges.
VII. Melior, } Nuns at Bruges.
VIII. Ursula, married first to Thomas Meynell, Esq., and Secondly to John Pole, Esq., of Spinkhall, co. Derby.

THOMAS MARKHAM of Ollerton and Claxby, was born in 1665. He married Catherine daughter and heir of Phillip Constable of Houghton, and died in 1743, having had issue:—
I. George, his heir and successor.
II. Thomas.
III. Phillip, married to a Miss Butler, but had no children.
IV. Thomas, married to a daughter of Mr. Crane of Gedney.
V. Mrs. Markham died childless at Somerly, in Lincolnshire, in February 1768.
VI. William, s.p.
VII. Robert, s.p.
VIII. John, s.p.
IX. Henry, s.p.
X. Charles, s.p.
XI. Robert, s.p.
XII. Mark, s.p.
XIII. Edward, died on February 17th, 1772.
XIV. Christine, a nun at Bruges.
XV. Mary Ursula, married on October 27th, 1753, to Benedict Conquest, Esq. of Irnham, co. Lincoln. Her only child married the eighth Lord Arundell of Wardour.

GEORGE MARKHAM of Ollerton married Mary, daughter of Bryan Salvin of Croxdale, co. Durham. He died at Ghent on February 23rd, 1760; having had issue:—
I. George, died an infant, and was buried at Claxby in 1755.
II. Mary Frances, married on July 22nd, 1776, to Marmaduke Tunstall Esq. of Wycliffe. She died on October 11th, 1790.
III. Catherine, born in 1753. A nun at Pontoise, and afterwards at Hammersmith. She died on February 24th, 1824. (See Herald and Genealogist, Vol. III, Pg. 517).[https://archive.org/stream/heraldgenealogis03nich#page/516]The Herald and Genealogist, Vol. III, Pg. 517.
(To be continued.)


III. MARKHAMS OF SEDGEBROOK

SIR JOHN MARKHAM, K.B. of Sedgebrook (For an account of Sedgebrook church, and its monuments, see Harleian MSS. 6829, 51i (circa 1630)) was the founder of the Sedgebrook branch. (See page 5). He was the son of Sir John Markham of Markham, Puisne Judge of the Common Pleas, by his second wife Milicent, daughter of Sir John de Bekeryng. He was Lord Chief Justice of the King’s Bench from A.D. 1462 to 1471; and was created a Knight of the Bath, with his brother Sir Robert, at the coronation of Edward IV. He died in 1481. He married Margaret, daughter of Sir Simon Leake, and had issue:—
I. Thomas, his heir and successor.
II. Simon, died February 17th, 1455.
III. John, died in 1458.
IV. Jervis, Prior of Dunstable.
V. William, married Frances, daughter of W. Cockayne of Cockayne Hatley. He was of King’s Walden. He had issue:—
 1. William.
 2. Francis.
 3. John of King’s Walden, co. Hertford, married Alice daughter of Ralph Astrey 5, and had issue:—
  1. John.
  2. William.
  3. Jervis.
  4. Jane.
  5. Lora.
  6. Elizabeth.
  7. Mary.
  8. Jane, married to Ambrose Asprey.

THOMAS MARKHAM of Sedgebrook married Catherine, daughter of Sir William Hartshorne, and died in 1491, having had issue:—
I. John, his heir and successor.
II. Jerome, married to a daughter of William de Longvilliers, a descendant of Bertha Markham, the wife of William de Longvilliers, in the time of Edward I. (See page 4). He had issue:—
 1. Ellis, of Laneham, M.P. for Nottinghamshire in 1553, 54 and 55. He was appointed Sequestrator of the See of York by Queen Mary. There is a handsome tomb to his memory and that of his son Gervase, in Laneham church. He married Rosamond, daughter of Sir P. Fretchvill, and died having had issue:—
  1. Jerome, slain by George Noel.
  2. Gervase, Captain of Horse, and served Queen Elizabeth in Ireland and the Low Countries. He died on January 17th, 1637.
 2. Geoffrey, High Sheriff of Nottingham in 1625. He married Catherine, daughter of Sir George Turpin, and had a son:—
  1. John, married to Elizabeth, daughter of Sir John Conway, and had a son John, surnamed “Crouchback”; “A valiant consumer of his estate.”
 3. Catherine, married to Randolph Jackson, Chester Herald Henry VIII.
III. Eleanor, married to Symon Hall, Esq.

JOHN MARKHAM of Sedgebrook married Alice, daughter of ..... Tuberville, Esq. who married secondly, Sir Simon FitzRichard. He had issue:—
I. Richard, his heir and successor.
II. George.
III. Charles.
IV. John.
V. William.
VI. Roger.
VII. Mary.
VIII. Milicent.
IX. Dorothy, died young in 1494.

RICHARD MARKHAM of Sedgebrook married Anne, daughter of Sir George Heveningham of Ketteringham. He had issue:—
I. John, his heir and successor.
II. Thomas.
III. William, “the otter hunter”. It is conjectured that this was the Elizabethan navigator who was Master of the “Elizabeth” (Capt. Winter) in Drake’s voyage around the world, and of the “Francis” in Captain Fenton’s unsuccessful expedition to the East Indies, when he was cast away in the Rio de la Plata, and was kept among the savages for fifteen months.
IV. George.
V. Dorothy.
VI. Elizabeth.
VII. Eleanor, married at Sedgebrook, on February 22nd, 1570, to Sir Anthony St. Leger, Master of the Rolls in Ireland.
VIII. Catherine, drowned at Sedgebrook.
IX. Margaret.
X. Richard, of Newbo Abbey, married Mary daughter of Nicasius Yetzwertz, French Secretary to Queen Elizabeth. Most of his children were baptised at Sedgebrook. He had issue:—
 1. Abraham of Allington, married to Jane, daughter of Robert Eyre, Esq. of Armytage and had:—
  1. John.
  2. Robert, a serjeant-at-law. He married Mary, daughter of Robert Pierson.
 2. Anthony, born in 1615. Served with his cousin in the Parliamentary army. At the battle of Naseby. (See Markham’s Life of Fairfax, p. 218).[https://books.google.co.za/books?id=64wLAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA218#v=onepage&q&f=false]A Life of the Great Lord Fairfax, Commander-in-Chief of the Army of the Parliament of England, by Sir [[Markham-720|Clements Robert Markham]]. Pg. 218.
 3. Henry, born 1619.
 4. William, died 1612.
 5. Francis, educated at Christ Church, Oxford. He wrote two of the Odes addressed by the University to the Lord Protector Oliver.
 6. Jane, born 1616, married to Henry Clinton, Esq.
 7. Elizabeth, born 1617.
 8. Theodosia, married to J. Russell.
 9. Anne, married to R. Clerk.
 10. Mary.

JOHN MARKHAM of Sedgebrook. He married Mary, daughter of George Lee of Southwell. He was High Sheriff for the county of Lincoln. He had issue:—
I. John, his heir and successor.
II. Abraham, drowned under London Bridge.
III. Anne, married to Thomas Riggs, of Fulbeck.
IV. Alice, “cast away” upon one Nicholas Hounsey.
V. Catherine, married to Gabriel Odingsells of Bulcote and Eperston.

SIR JOHN MARKHAM of Sedgebrook was knighted by Henry VIII. He married Mary, daughter of Anthony Thorold of Marston for his second wife, having had no issue by his first wife Jane, daughter of Henry Welby. By his second he had:—
I. Anthony, his heir and successor.
II. George, married Susan, daughter of Sir William Lane, and died in 1612.
III. Charles of Bottisford, died in 1635, having had an only daughter, Helen, who died at Sedgebrook in 1636.
IV. Milicent, born 1589, married to Sir Hamond Whichcote of Dunston.
V. Isabel, married to Sir John Molineux of Teversall.
VI. Anne, married to Anthony Eyre, co. York.
VII. Mary.
VIII. Richard.
IX. John.

SIR ANTHONY MARKHAM of Sedgebrook, was knighted by James I at Belvoir Castle in 1603. He married Bridget daughter of Sir James Harington, and died in December, 1604, having had issue:—
I. Robert, his heir and successor, born in 1597.
II. John, born in September, 1598. He married a daughter of Sir Thomas Tirringham of Tirringham, and had issue:—
 1. Thomas.
 2. John, died 1668.
III. Henry, born 1602. Colonel in the Parliamentary army. He was Governor of Belvoir Castle for three years, and was wounded at the battle of Naseby. (See Markham’s Life of Fairfax, p. 218).[https://books.google.co.za/books?id=64wLAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA218#v=onepage&q&f=false]A Life of the Great Lord Fairfax, Commander-in-Chief of the Army of the Parliament of England, by Sir [[Markham-720|Clements Robert Markham]]. Pg. 218. In 1659 he was appointed a Commissioner for letting land in Ireland.
IV. Frances, married to Stephen Bamford, Esq.
V. Rebecca, married to Edward Eyre, Esq.

SIR ROBERT MARKHAM, Bart. of Sedgebrook. He was created a Baronet by Charles I. on August 15th, 1642. He served at Newark siege on the Royalist side. He married first Barbara daughter of Edward Eyre, Esq. of Derby, who died childless in 1641. He married secondly, on April 21st, 1642, Rebecca, daughter of Sir Edward Hussey of Hunnington. She died in June, 1664. Sir Robert died on Candlemas Day, 1667, having had issue:—
I. Robert, his heir and successor.
II. Anthony, Colonel in the Guards, born in March, 1646. He married Catherine, daughter of Sir William Whorewood of Stourton Castle, co. Stafford, and had issue:—
 1. Walter.
 2. Thomas, married to Frances, daughter of Andrew Covenant, Esq. M.D., and had issue:—
  1. Sir James John, the fourth and last Baronet, born in 1698, succeeded 1736. He married 1755, Sarah, dau. of Richard Clive of Styche, and sister of Lord Clive, and died childless in 1779. Lady Markham died in January, 1828.
 3. Rebecca, married to Captain Rolle of the Guards.
III. Thomas.
IV. Rebecca, born in 1642, married to Reginald Heber of Marton.
V. Elizabeth, married to Charles Bull of Skipton.
VI. Frances, married to Christopher Broughton of Longdon, co. Stafford.
VII. Anne, married to Sir Walter Hawksworth of Hawksworth.
VIII. Diana, died unmarried at Hawksworth, and was buried at Guiseley.
IX. Catherine, born in 1610. Married to Christopher Villers of Gostoke, co. Notts.
X. Jane.

SIR ROBERT MARKHAM, BART. of Sedgebrook, was born in 1644. He was married at York, on August 31st, 1665, to Mary, daughter of Sir Thomas Widdrington of Chisbourne, by Frances daughter of Ferdinando Lord Fairfax. (See Markham’s Life of Fairfax, p. 370).[]A Life of the Great Lord Fairfax, Commander-in-Chief of the Army of the Parliament of England, by Sir [[Markham-720|Clements Robert Markham]]. Pg. 370. She died at Sedgebrook on April 7th, 1683. Sir Robert died on October 27th, 1690 at Sedgebrook, leaving issue:—
I. George, his heir and successor, born at Sedgebrook on May 27th, 1666.
II. Robert, born at Sedgebrook, on February 13th, 1667. He died on board the Kempthorne, Indiaman, in the Bay of Bengal, on August 25th, 1690.
III. Ursula, born in London on January 1st, 1678. She married first Lord Altham, and secondly Samuel Ogle, Esq.

SIR GEORGE MARKHAM, BART. F.R.S. of Sedgebrook was never married. He died on June 9th, 1736, and left all his estates to Dr. Bernard Wilson, Rector of Newark.


IV. MARKHAMS OF OXTON, CREATON, AND NORTHAMPTON

ROBERT MARKHAM of Oxton was the founder of the Oxton Branch. (See page 6). He lived during the reign of Henry VIII. He was a son of Sir Robert Markham of Cotham and of Jane, daughter of Sir Giles Daubeny. He married Elizabeth daughter of Sir William de Mering, and had a son ROBERT. His wife was a descendant of Agnes Markham and William de Sancta Cruce. (See page 4). There is a chantry chapel and tomb, with fine stone screen, to his memory, and that of his father, Sir Robert, in Newark church.

ROBERT MARKHAM of Oxton married Elva, daughter of John Saperton, and had:—
I. William.
II. Robert, ‘died ignominiously.’
III. Anne, married to Thomas Chaloner. 1V. Helen, married to Thomas Knollis.
IV. Catherine, married to Sir Thomas Bozom.

WILLIAM MARKHAM of Oxton married Isabel Gunthorp, and had issue:—
I. John.
II. William.

JOHN MARKHAM of Oxton married Margaret, daughter of James Tubersall, and had:—
I. James.
II. Bridget, married to Henry Lake.
III. Margaret.
IV. Susan, married to Thomas Ash.
V. Catherine, married to James Orden.
VI. Rebecca.


MARKHAMS OF CREATON

From the MARKHAMS of Oxton possibly descended the Markhams seated at Great Creaton in Northamptonshire in about A.D. 1520.

WILLIAM MARKHAM of Creaton died in 1605, leaving issue:—
I. Gregory.
II. John, married to Dorothy Pearson.
III. Anne, married to Edward Boone.
IV. Thomas.

GREGORY MARKHAM apprenticed in London in 1593. A merchant on Cornhill. He died in 1632, having had issue:—
I. John.
II. Gregory, married to Elizabeth ..... and died in 1622, having had issue:—
 1. Theodore, who settled in Ireland, at Kinsale. He is the Ancestor of all the Irish Markhams, among whom are two families resident at Kinsale for a century; William Markham of New Abbey; Jon Markham of 1st Madras Light Cavalry; Marcus O’Neill m. Wolseley Godolphin Markham, Paymaster R.N.; and Alexander Macauley Markham, Bengal Civil Service.
III. William, of London, had a daughter Elizabeth.
IV. Thomas, born and died in August, 1607.
V. Francis, born in 1611. Rector of Great Creaton, 1627. had issue:—
 1. Francis.
 2. John.
 3. James, born in 1628 and died in 1692.
VI. Joseph, born and died in 1624.
VII. Elizabeth, married to Mr. Peake.

JOHN MARKHAM born 1609, and died in 1658. He married Elizabeth, sister of Sir John Simpson, and had issue:—
I. John.
II. Elizabeth, married to Thomas Cox of Stanton.
III. Sarah, married to Francis Butt.

JOHN MARKHAM was a silk-throwster at Staines. He married Rose ….., and died in 1740 having had issue:—
I. John, an Attorney at Winslow, where he died June 2nd, 1746. He married Phillipa and had issue:—
 1. Maria, died young.
 2. John, died in 1746.
 3. Alexander, born at Winslow in 1716. Rector of Steeple Claydon. He died in 1767 having had issue:—
  1. John of Biggleswade.
  2. Thomas, an Attorney at Cheltenham. He married Eleanor Carne, heiress of Nash in Glamorganshire in 1799, and died childless in 1834.
  3. Henry, an Attorney at Cheltenham, died in 1799.
  4. Elizabeth.
  5. Robert, born 1721, died 1758.
II. Robert of Staines, died in July, 1753.
III. William of Northampton.
IV. Sarah, married to W. Cush, of Saham Tony, near Hatton.
V. Elizabeth, married to Henry Plowman of Northampton.

WILLIAM MARKHAM of Northampton married Elizabeth, sister of Henry Plowman, on December 31st, 1716. She died in 1745. He was one of the Six Clerks in Chancery, and died on January 5th, 1776, having had issue:—
I. John, died May 22nd, 1723.
II. Charles, Rector of Church Langton. He died s.p. 1803.
III. Henry William.
IV. Elizabeth, born 1717, died 1752.
V. Rose died 1727.

HENRY WILLIAM MARKHAM of Northampton was born on February 13th, 1745. He was an Attorney. He married Frances, sister of Major-General Mansel of Cosgrove Hall, and died on January 5th, 1776, having had issue:—
I. Henry William, Ensign in the 59th. Died in 1797.
II. John.

JOHN MARKHAM of Northampton, an Attorney, born May 25th, 1750. He married Hannah Wagstaffe, who died in May, 1820. Their issue was:—
I. Charles.
II. Frances, married to John Smith of Shrewsbury. Her daughter Elizabeth married her cousin Dr. W.O. Markham.
III. John, born on December 31st, 1780. He married Miss. Phillips, and had:—
 1. Eliza, married to George Tibbits, Esq.
IV. Henry William, born in March 1785. He was surgeon of the 56th Regiment, and died in 1840.
V. Elizabeth.
VI. Catherine, born in 1787. She married John Atkins of the Light Dragoons in 1808.
VII. Christopher, born in 1790, died in 1858.

CHARLES MARKHAM of Northampton, an Attorney and Clerk of the Peace for the county, was born in 1778. He married Eliza Mary Packharness of St. Anne’s Bay, Jamaica, in 1811; and died in October, 1846, having had issue:—
I. Arthur Bayley.
II. Henry Phillip, an Attorney at Northampton. He married Edith Alexander, and had issue:—
 1. Rose Isabella, born February 1st 1857.
 2. Christopher, born June 12th, 1859.
III. William Orlando, born January 28th, 1818, a Physician in London. He married first his cousin Eliza Smith, who died in August, 1848, leaving a son:—
 1. Henry William Kennedy, born July 26th, 1848; and secondly by Catherine, daughter of Professor James Hamilton of Edinburgh, by whom he has:—
 2. Eliza Catherine, born September 4th, 1855.
IV. Alfred, born 1819, died 1820.
V. John, born 1821, died 1835.
VI. Charles, born 1828.
VII. Thomas Hugh, born November 28th, 1825, of Brasenose, Oxford, M.A. Barrister-at-law. Died September 29th, 1868.
VIII. Anna Maria Francis, born March, 1813; married to Rev. John Cox of Walgrave.
IX. Mary Helen, born May 16th, 1827; married to Isaac Edward Lovell of West Haddon.

ARTHUR BAYLEY MARKHAM of Northampton, an Attorney, born May 11th, 1815; married Anne Smith, and has issue:—
I. Edith Frances, born December 4th, 1839. She is married to Sebastian Smith, Esq.
II. Anne Gertrude, born May 6th, 1842; married on September 6th, 1866, to G.K. Anderson, Esq.
III. Charles William, born on September 15th, 1843.
IV. Alice, born January 16th, 1845.
V. Katherine Laura, born October 16th, 1846. On September 13th, 1865, she married H. Landon, Esq.
VI. Emma, born May 6th, 1848.
VII. Ada Mary, born November 27th, 1849.
VIII. Arthur, born June 21st, 1851. Died 1856.
IX. Henrietta Elizabeth, born December 23rd, 1852.
X. John Mansel, born August 16th, 1854.
XI. Gervase Edward, born July 17th, 1856.
XII. Winifred, born September 1st, 1858.

¹ (Account of Sedgebrook church in Harl. MS. 6829, 51ⁱ.
² (Harl. MSS. No. 4632, fol. 209-225).
³ Camden says, “He tempered his judgements with so much equity, that his name will endure as long as time itself.”
⁴ For a discussion of the question whether Judge Markham was the Judge who committed Prince Henry to prison, see the Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries for Nov. 17th 1859.
⁵ Thorton’s Nottinghamshire.
⁶ Will dated April 1st, 1559.
⁷ The most complete account of the life and works of Gervase Markham will be found in the Memorial Introduction by the Rev. A. B. Grosart, to The Teares of the Beloved (1600), by Gervase Markham, in the Miscellanies of the Fuller Worthies Library (1871).
⁸ Thorton’s Nottinghamshire.
⁹ There are portraits of Captain Fennel, General Fleetwood, and Oliver Cromwell in the dining-room at Becca.
¹⁰ See description of this Pedigree in the Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries, Nov. 17th, 1859.
¹¹ See Markham’s Life of Fairfax, p. 121.
¹² ----

PLEASE NOTE: This article contains many inaccuracies. Please see: [[Space:Daniel_Markham|Who is Daniel Markham]] to understand the many problems around Markham books, articles, genealogies, etc.

----

Robert Smiley McKissick, 1856-1937, a gr-grandson of Daniel McK, compiled this unpublished genealogy of the McKissicks of Butler County, Pennsylvania in 1925. A scanned pdf copy of the first three pages of the handwritten document was provided to me, Kent Fox, in March 2017 by Al Telian, a McKissick researcher using Ancestry.com. R. S. McK lived near McKissick descendants who would have known Daniel and his children. The genealogy has been found reliable according to Al Telian. The first two pages describe the arrival of Daniel and brothers and lists his children and their spouses.

==Genealogy of the Swasey family== Genealogy of the Swasey family : which includes the descendants of the Swezey families of Southhold, Long Island, New York and the descendants of the Swayze families of Roxbury, now Chester, New Jersey * published 1910 * privately printed for Ambrose Swasey * by Benjamin Franklin Swasey of Exeter, New Hampshire. * about the descendant of the emigrant [[Swazey-126|Joh Swasey]], the Quaker of Salem, Massachusetts and Southhold, Long Island * Source Example ::[[Space:Genealogy_of_the_Swasey_family|Swasey BF. Genealogy of the Swasey Family : Which Includes the Descendants of the Swezey Families of Southold Long Island New York and the Descendants of the Swayze Families of Roxbury Now Chester New Jersey. Boston Mass: New England Historic Genealogical Society; 1986.]] * [[Special:Whatlinkshere/Space:Genealogy_of_the_Swasey_family|WikiTree Profiles that use this source]] ===Available at these locations=== :https://www.google.com/books/edition/Genealogy_of_the_Swasey_Family/MxBWAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1 :https://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.32044023818438

Genealogy of the Wells family, of Wells, Maine by Wells, Charles Kimball, 1817-1892 Publication date: 1874 Topics: Wells family (Thomas Welles, b. ca. 1570), Wells family (John Wells, d. 1677) Publisher: Milwaukee, Press of Burdick & Armitage Collection: americana Digitizing sponsor: Google Book from the collections of Harvard University Language: English Pages: 101 Available at these locations: * https://archive.org/details/genealogywellsf00wellgoog/page/n6/mode/2up

== Genealogy of William Butler Smith and Thetus Brewer Smith == *by Thomas Valentine Smith ** self-published, circa 1965 :::[[Smith-89011|Thomas Valentine Smith]] was the son of [[Smith-89021|William Butler Smith]] and [[Brewer-3293|Thetus Brewer Smith]] ---- *Citation Example: :::Smith, Thomas Valentine, [[Space:Genealogy of William Butler Smith and Thetus Brewer Smith|''Genealogy of William Butler Smith and Thetus Brewer Smith'']], Mesa Arizona FamilySearch Library, circa 1965, pg ?. * Footnote Example: :::[[#Smith|Smith]]: Page ? * Named Reference Example: :::First Use: ::::Smith, Thomas Valentine, [[Space:Genealogy of William Butler Smith and Thetus Brewer Smith|''Genealogy of William Butler Smith and Thetus Brewer Smith'']], Mesa Arizona FamilySearch Library, circa 1965, pg ?. :::Subsequent Usage: :::: ---- * [[Special:Whatlinkshere/Space:Genealogy of William Butler Smith and Thetus Brewer Smith|WikiTree Profiles that use this source]] === Where to View Online === :http://www.familysearch.org/library/books/idurl/1/265320 FamilySearch > Search > Books > "William Butler Smith" === Research Notes === : Sources are not provided in the book but the provided information regarding the descendants of William Butler Smith and Thetus Brewer Smith has been found to be reliable through 1965. [[McGee-1611|McGee-1611]] 06:11, 8 November 2016 (EST)

==Biography== === Introduction === Most recent revision date: 21 Oct 2019 Archived 5 Jan 2022 Major revision started 5 Jan 2022 * add notes on Terry McSweeny 2000 tanner Genealogy * Wm Tanner Jr. land was in Westerly, not N. Kingstown * Add section on Seventh day baptist * Add section on Freemen * Backup to the profile of [[Tanner-290|William Tanner Sr. (abt.1657-abt.1740)]] William Tanner was one of a handful of European immigrant Tanners to arrive in North America in the seventeenth century; consequently, he was a founding patriarch of a major branch of the Tanner family in North America and he appears in a myriad of present day family trees. The structure of these family trees can be traced, by similarity, to the genealogical research of Rev George Tanner D.D. from a self-published 1905 genealogical text entitled ''William Tanner of North Kingston and his Descendants.'' In 1910 Rev. Tanner published a revised edition of his William Tanner genealogy; this edition cites additional information sources and the information contained in these sources significantly altered the conclusions regarding William Tanner's family structure offered in the 1905 text. Unfortunately, the 1910 edition is much less known and until recently has not been generally available, hence a preponderance of present day family trees continue to echo the errors found in the 1905 edition without the benefit of the corrections found in the 1910 edition. As of Sept 2019, there is no known, subsequent, modern systematic work published on the genealogy of William Tanner and his descendants. This is not to say there has been no further research, or no further discoveries, or that there is a lack of subsequent written genealogical work on William Tanner; rather it is a statement that subsequent to Rev. George Tanner no one has published a systematic genealogical text on William Tanner and his Descendants, hence Rev. Tanner's work remains the "gold standard" of published genealogy information on William Tanner of South Kingstown, Rhode Island. Unfortunately, this "Gold Standard" for early Tanner Genealogy has some significant flaws specifically: #) The 1905 edition specifies three wives, Hannah, Mary, and Elizabeth, but then the 1910 edition amends this to four wives, with the last wife Elizabeth, of the 1905 edition, split into two separate identities. #) Dr. George Tanner explicitly states the he is speculating, without proof, that Elizabeth the mother of children Frances through Abigail was the daughter of Francis and Anna Colgrove. This is certainly well within the license of authorship, unfortunately subsequent generations of genealogists have chosen to ignore the "speculative" portion of the relationship identification such that Elizabeth Colgrove, despite the lack of any primary evidence as to her existence (then or now), has so permeated the secondary and tertiary genealogical literature, that it is now clear that Elizabeth Colgrove, daughter of Francis and Anna has a virtual reality existing as a fictional character in the post 1905 Tanner genealogical literature, regardless of whether or not she ever existed as a real person. #) George Tanner assumes that William Tanner, the husband of the four cited wives was, in fact, one and the same person, (a rational, but unstated assumption nevertheless) and he fails to offer evidence which binds the four wives, to a common husband, and the cited children as half-siblings. This assumption, has led to modern day uncertainty regarding the possibilities of multiple William Tanner identities and ensuing speculation with regard to which William Tanner identity is truly associated with the various wives and children groups he cites in his ''Tanner Genealogies''. #) Due to a scarcity of reliable source information the "Tanner Genealogy" is unable to provide a precise birthdate, birthplace, death date, death place, nor the birth parents for William Tanner. Nevertheless, the ''1910 Tanner Genealogy'' remains the most comprehensive and systematic published genealogical source on William Tanner Sr., and the following narrative is largely based upon the genealogical model Rev. George Tanner proposed in his ''1910 Tanner Genealogy''. #) Perhaps the most significant shortcoming to be found in the work is the gaps in the citation of source material (e.g how did Dr. Tanner know Avis and Mary were the children of Wm and Mary Tanner?) and the lack of specificity in other source material citations needed to recapture the original source material for critical analysis. In any case, Dr. Tanner's work was far above average in this regard when compared to other genealogical texts published at the turn of the century. The following profile, takes a critical look at the 1910 William Tanner family model Dr. Tanner established, and uses the Wikitree platform to add a web page dimension to source information citation, access, and analysis. ===Early Records for William Tanner Sr. of Rhode Island=== William Tanner was born about 1660. William was no doubt the immigrant ancestor. There is no suggestion of his parents in the 1910 Tanner Genealogy. ====Witness to a 1682 Frances Holden Deed==== The earliest known record documenting the presence of William Tanner in King's County, Rhode Island is a quit claim deed authored by [[Dungan-52|Frances Holden]], the wife of [[Holden-50|Randall Holden]] of Warwick, RI., in May of 1682. William Tanner and Peter Wells were witnesses [https://archive.org/details/recordsofproprie00arno/page/108 (''Fones,'' page 108)] to this quit claim deed and consequently the document contains the signature of William Tanner and the mark of [[Wells-438|Peter Welles]]. This quit claim deed was in support of a land sale authored by her husband, Randall Holden, on 26 Nov 1681, and was executed at [https://www.britannica.com/place/North-Kingstown Rochester], Rhode Island (which became Kingston after 1689), and was recorded by Jno. Fones. The reason the deed was executed in Kingstown, rather than at Warwick as might be expected, is because the 180 acre property, included [https://www.google.com/maps/dir/North+Kingstown,+Rhode+Island/Fox+Island,+North+Kingstown,+RI/@41.581702,-71.4712552,13z/data=!4m13!4m12!1m5!1m1!1s0x89e5b15ff90f6581:0xc25a57b37b62b63b!2m2!1d-71.4536835!2d41.5568315!1m5!1m1!1s0x89e5b199dead5233:0xb9a89a1b0227828f!2m2!1d-71.4186188!2d41.5541547?hl=en Fox Island] and a parcel of a nearby "neck;" located in or nearby North Kingston and within the jurisdiction of the town of Rochester (Kingstown). ====1687 Estate Tax Record==== The next instance of a historical record citing William Tanner occurs when he is listed on the 1687 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominion_of_New_England ''Dominion of New England''] Estate Tax Assessment list for Kings County, R.I. ordered by [[Andros-27|Gov. Edmund Andros]], where Wm is assessed a poll tax of one shilling and an estate tax of one and a half pence at the town of [https://www.britannica.com/place/North-Kingstown Rochester] (Kingstown) in Kings County, R.I. [https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/48398/images/RIFamiliesII-001668-591 (''Roberts:'' Page 592)] [https://archive.org/details/williamtannerofn00lctann/page/n15/search (''1905 Tanner Genealogy;'' Page 7)] The Roberts source provides a complete listing of this tax record for Kings County, R.I., from which several important observations can be made (beyond the obvious point of his 1687 residence in Kingston); first of all, William Tanner is the only Tanner recorded on the list, hence he is the only adult male Tanner living in King's County, Rhode Island during 1687. This fact affirms the assertion Wm Tanner was the family founding immigrant as he is the only Tanner in the area (no father), furthermore it debunks the notion that there were multiple adult William Tanners or any other male, adult Tanner living in Kings County in 1687, and as both William Tanner and Henry Tibbits Sr. are on this 1687 tax list, it cements the case that he was the father of ___ (Tibbitts) Tanner's, son William Tanner, born ca. 1686. Second, the amount of Estate tax assessed to Wm Tanner was the lowest (non-zero) amount assessed to anyone on the list, therefore he had a very small estate, most probably because he was still a very young adult, with no inheritance, and had yet to accumulate possessions; all affirming the assertion that Wm Tanner Sr. was a very young father at the circa 1686 birth of his son Wm Jr. Thirdly, assessment of the pole (poll) tax on William Tanner affirms he was at least age 21 in 1687, thus born prior to 1666. Finally it should be noted that this tax list is a who's who of persons associated with Wm Tanner Sr., and demonstrates a very early geographic connection between Wm Tanner and these associates. (see the Robert's data extract). In particular, it should be noted that [[Wells-438|Petter Welles]], who co-witnessed the quit claim deed for Frances Holden with William Tanner in Rochester (North Kingston), RI in 1682 is also on this tax list, hence a King's County resident, along with William Tanner in 1687. ====The South Kingstown Tanner Family Farm, 1693==== On 4 July 1693 a land deed, transferring a 100 acre plot of virgin Rhode Island land from Henry Hall, weaver, to William Tanner of Kingstown, "planter" in consideration of five pounds, was recorded in the Westerly, Rhode Island Town Records. [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066373119&view=1up&seq=16 (page 8)] The land deed was recorded at Westerly Rhode Island and the document is quoted and paraphrased first in the ''1905 Tanner Genealogy'' and again, with additional information, in the ''1910 Tanner Genealogy'' by Dr George Tanner. As of Oct 2019, there is no known copy of this original land deed posted on a public Web page, hence the information discussed here is from the ''1905 and 1910 Tanner Genealogies''. In the deed William Tanner is said to be of Kingstown, and a "planter." The property lies east of the river and is about 1 mile south of the village of Usquepaugh and described as follows: * "Henry Hall, of Westerly, weaver, and in consideration of five pounds of money sells to William Tanner of Kingstown, planter, one hundred acres, lying westerly from John Sheldon's dwelling house as followeth: Beginning at the Brook at John Sheldon's bounds and so up his bounds six score poles more or less to a white oak tree marked on three sides, and so from thence south and by west nearest six score poles to a walnut bush and from thence nearest to the river to an ash tree marked on four sides, an so up stream to the furthest that I have under the hand and seal of Coianaquanto as appeareth more largely upon the General records of Rhode Island. Dated 4 July 1693. Signed by Henry Hall, Esq. and witnessed by Francis Colgrove and Dan'l Wilcox.[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066373119&view=1up&seq=16 (page 8)] Note that the deed boundaries define the Tanner farm as the northernmost property in the Hall purchase. =====The Hall Purchase===== This property appears in at least seven other public records in association with or linked to William Tanner, and is the central adhesion point which holds the narrative connecting William Tanner to other family members together; it also is the thread that ties disparate early William Tanner records together as the history of a solitary person, i.e. the William Tanner of this profile. The earliest mention of this property in the historical record is a 19 Jan 1664 deed recording the sale of about 2 square miles of land by the Indian sachem, Coginaquant to Henry Hall and Robert Knight, who then named the property Westerly Manor. About 30 years later in 1693, Henry Hall, of Westerly, RI., acts as a real estate developer and hires Joseph Devall to survey and partition this 1260 acre tract of virgin land into nine 100-200 acre farms, which Hall than sells off to a number of buyers who were named in the Joseph Devall deposition for the Babcock vs. Knight lawsuit. This deed may, but probably does not, continue to exist today, but it clearly was a real document; it defined the property boundaries by Indian names, and was produced as legal evidence in the Hall Purchase, again at the Rhode Island Committee hearings on vacant RI. land, and once again in a lawsuit between [[Babcock-132|Job Babcock]] and [[Knight-449|John Knight]]. =====The Committee for Vacant Lands===== The Rhode Island land between the Narragansett Bay and the Pawcatuck River was the ancestral land of the Narragansett Indians. During [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Philip%27s_War King Philip's War] in 1675-1678, the Narragansetts allied with King Philip and as the result of a Narragansett provocation were drawn into battle with the colonial militia at the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Swamp_Fight Great Swamp Fight] in December of 1675 at a battle site just a few miles south of the Hall purchase near West Kingston. The battle was a rout and as a consequence, the population of the Narragansett tribe was decimated. Hence about thirty years later, when the Rhode Island General Assembly set up a [https://archive.org/details/rhodeislandhisto03rhoduoft/page/212 committee] on May 1708, to "hear the claims and make propositions" for the "vacant" land, it was effectively a distribution of the spoils of war. The Hall and Knight deed, with Coginiquant, was brought before the committee and the General Assembly ruled in favor [https://archive.org/details/earlyhistoryofna00pott/page/110 (page 111)] of recognizing the Hall deed as legitimate, and the subsequent owners, e.g. William Tanner etal., were allowed to retain ownership and given a state ruling validating their title to their land. However, it was not a foregone conclusion that the deed would stand, for at the same time, a similar deed between Coginiquant and a Captain Cranston for a nearby piece of land was disallowed by the General Assembly. Potter records that as a result of the 1708 committee proposition, the boundaries of the Hall purchase were redefined [https://archive.org/details/rhodeislandhisto03rhoduoft/page/70 (page 70)] as follows; on the North, a tract of land purchased of the state committee by Lang, Boss, Wickham, and others; to the East, the Pettiquamscut purchase, and to the West, the Usquapaug River. These boundary changes increased the area of William Tanner's farm from 100 acres as noted in the original Hall purchase deed to a combined 120 acres in the deeds in which William Tanner passes his land to sons Benjamin and Nathan (shown below). ===== Job Babcock vs. John Knight Lawsuit===== In his account of the records of the Rhode Island General Assembly, Potter [https://archive.org/details/earlyhistoryofna00pott/page/112 (page112)] notes a February 1712 record in which the R.I. General Assembly allows an appeal of the [[Babcock-132|Job Babcock]] vs. [[Knight-449|John Knight]] lawsuit to Great Britain. The exact nature of the lawsuit is unknown, but a legal deposition by Joseph Davell below, makes it clear that the Babcock vs. Knight lawsuit was associated with the land in the 1693 Hall Purchase and the appeal to Great Britain suggests it was for far more than a just a boundary dispute and was more likely a title dispute over ownership to the entire Babcock farm. ======The Captain Joseph Devall Deposition====== As a result of the Babcock vs. Knight lawsuit, Capt. Joseph Davell, formerly of Westerly and now of Stonington, Conn. is called on 31 July 1711 to take a deposition [https://archive.org/details/rhodeislandhisto03rhoduoft/page/226 (page 227)] before Justice John Babcock regarding his role in the Hall purchase. Devall testifies that he was hired by Henry Hall, David Knight, and John Knight to survey and partition the land into separate farms, and also to establish a right of way for two access roads through the property. Davell testifies that Henry Hall and David Knight were present at the time of the survey, and John Knight "approved and liked my work" and that he (Davell) was paid his wages for his work. Davell then notes that afterward, John Knight took his part of the money, which was the price of the land, from Henry Hall. Davell identifies (under oath) each of the buyers of the Hall purchase and they are as follows (note the asserted identities and relationships are highly probable assumptions, but are not necessarily source based): #) Job Babcock, 200 acres; there is a 50-50 probability that the Job Babcock who purchased this farm in the Hall purchase was either Mary Babcock's [[Babcock-1384|brother]] or [[Babcock-132|first cousin, son of her uncle John Babcock]]. These two Wikitree identities have the same name, birthdate, and birth place, hence any source data item for the Job Babcock of this period has a 50% probability (with out further substantiating proof) to be associated with either identity; the Wikitree profile of cousin Job claims he was the Job Babcock whom purchased the farm in the Hall purchase, but offers no further evidence to support this assertion, hence it presently seems to be a 51-49 split favoring the first cousin as a neighbor. In either case, the owner was close kin to Mary Babcock. #) [[Wells-438|Peter Wells]] 100 acres; the Hall purchase provides 100% certain proof that William Tanner and Peter Wells lived within walking distance as a result of their Hall farm purchases. As noted previously, Peter Wells also appears with William Tanner as a 1682 co-witness to the Francis Holden quit claim deed and is also listed in the 1687 Estate tax record. This repeated name association of Wm Tanner and Peter Wells on each of these three records, corroborates, far beyond a reasonable doubt, that the William Tanner cited on the 1682, 1687 and 1693 documents is, in fact, one in the same person. #) William Tanner (of this profile), 100 acres. #) [[Sheldon-211|John Sheldon]] 200 acres; grandfather of William Tanner's daughter-in-law Elizabeth Sheldon, second wife of Wm's son Francis #) [[Crandall-16|John Crandall]] 180 acres; uncle of William Tanner's second wife Mary Babcock #) [[Crandall-2|Jeremiah Crandall]] 180 acres; uncle of William Tanner's second wife Mary Babcock #) [[Cottrell-85|Gershom Cottrell]] 180 acres; uncle of John Cottrell II, the previous husband of William Tanner's fourth wife Elizabeth Gardiner Cottrell. #) James Ray 100 acres; no known relationship #) [[Knight-11937|Jonathan Knight]] 200 acres; no known relationship to Wm Tanner. The Wikitree family tree shows that that Jonathan Knight was a brother to sellers [[Knight-60|David]] and [[Knight-449|John Knight]] and affirms that 200 acres of the Hall purchase was sold to him, but it is not clear whether or not he established residence there after the purchase. =====Transfer of the Farm from William Tanner to Descendants===== The William Tanner farm deed, previously recorded at Westerly, R. I. is reported by Dr. Tanner as being recorded at South Kingstown on 1 Aug 1728 , in the 1910 Tanner Genealogy. Once again, a copy of the original deed has not been found on the public internet, so it is not possible to examine the original document to determine if there were any changes. There are several possible reasons this deed was recorded in South Kingston at this time: one would be to provide a proper legal record in the correct jurisdiction, second would be to update the land boundaries to conform to the 1708 vacant land committee changes, and the third reason would be to ensure everything was in place to execute the land transfer William made to his son Nathan two years later (perhaps motivated by difficulties encountered with the 1723 transfer of half of the farm to son, Benjamin). #) From the Clerk's office, South Kingstown RI. (as cited in the 1910 Tanner Genealogy), [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066373119&view=1up&seq=17 (page 9)], on 4 March 1723 William Tanner gifts the southeastern half of his South Kingston farm to his son Benjamin: "William Tanner of Kingstown for love, good will, and affection towards my son, Benjamin Tanner of Kingstown, gives tract in Hall's Purchase of sixty acres, by a red oak bush at ye ''{Usquepaug}'' river.... to John Sheldin's land, bounded on the east by ye land of John Sheldon, Isack Sheldin and Job Badcock, and southward bounded on ye land of Job Badcock and westward bounded on ye ''{Usquepaug}'' river till it comes to ye first mentioned bounds. Witnessed by [[West-669|William West, the 1722 husband of Jane Tanner]] and [[Sheldon-135|Isaac Sheldon, the son of John Sheldon]] (the adjacent neighbor by reason of the Hall purchase). This document provides irrefutable proof of the father-son relationship between William Tanner and Benjamin, it affirms that William and Benjamin Tanner were living adjacent to each other in South Kingstown at least eight years prior to the enumeration of the 1730 Kings County census, and it provides a primary source link to son-in-law William West. #) On 25 August 1731, William Tanner, at the age of about 70, sets up his full retirement plan by gifting the balance, i.e. the northwestern half (60 acres), of his South Kingstown farm and his entire estate, in a set of deeds to his 21 year old son, Nathaniel, in exchange "for the more comfortable living and maintaining for me and my family in my old age." [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066373119&view=1up&seq=17 (page 9)]. It is worth noting that both of these deeds were witnessed by William's son Francis Tanner and [[Sheldon-135|Isaac Sheldon, the son of John Sheldon]] (an adjacent neighbor by reason of Hall purchase). The reason William chose Nathan as the family caregiver in 1731 is unknown, but was likely based on the wisdom of a father in understanding the nature and character of his children. The 1730 census reveals that this transfer immediately placed Nathan in the position of providing for a household of nine people, though he had not yet married (he married his step-sister Mary Cottrell in 1734). In the end, it is very clear that William chose wisely, for even to his death Nathan Tanner continued to honor this agreement with his father; for in Nathan's [https://www.familysearch.org/photos/artifacts/48676395 1752 will] it is found that he continues to care for his father's widow (Nathan's step-mother and mother-in-law), Elizabeth Gardiner Cottrell, with a bequest to her for an annual sum of £5, to be taken from the profit of his estate after his death. Finally, it should be noted that the acreage sum of the two gifted farms was 120 acres, or 20 acres more than cited in the 1693 Wm Tanner purchase deed; the explanation for this change is that the Committee for the disposal of the "vacant lands" changed the property boundaries in 1708, and this change appears to have benefited William Tanner with an extra 20 acres. #) On 22 October 1776, Francis Tanner writes his [https://www.familysearch.org/photos/artifacts/35625127 last will and testament], and there are two bequests which are of particular interest to the narrative of the William Tanner and his South Kingstown family farm: ##) In the first of these two bequests, Francis Tanner [https://www.familysearch.org/photos/artifacts/41554039?p=21195759&returnLabel=Francis%20Tanner%20(MTC6-5WW)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.familysearch.org%2Ftree%2Fperson%2Fmemories%2FMTC6-5WW writes], "I give and bequeath to my beloved sone (namely) Josias Tanner my farm I formerly lived on in South Kingston of King’s County and state of Rhode Island and Providence Plantation be my said sone paying a mortgage which is on twenty-five acres of said farm and pay what I shall hereafter in this will enjoin on him to pay which land is bounded as followeth; beginning at a maple tree that stands by the river called Mumford’s Mill river ''{also called the Usquepaug River}'' where the farm now stands and from thence running northerly to a walnut tree marked on two sides standing near the end of the fence east of the old nuszery(?) and from thence northerly a straight line to a black oak tree which is the northwest corner of the lands I bought of my brother Benjamin Tanner and from thence running northerly bounding on land I bought of my brother Nathan Tanner till it comes to Rowland Robinson lands and from thence running easterly bounding partly on said Robinson’s land and partly on John Sheldon’s land and bounding easterly on the heirs of Isaac Sheldon’s land partly and partly on Henry Marchant’s land and southerly on said Henry Marchant’s land and southwesterly on said Mumford’s Mill river to the first mentioned bounds being it may be about one-hundred and thirty acres including within said bounds to a piece or lot of land. Theretofore gave by deed to my said sone Josias Tanner and like wise a lot of land he the said Josias bought of Job Card be the same more or less all which land is that is mine within said bounded together with all the buildings thereon standing except the fence running through the meadow on the west side which must be moved into the line on said west side of said farm and then the one-half of said fence together with the rest of the fence I give to him my said sone Josias Tanner his heirs and assigned forever." Thus Francis Tanner, bequeaths to his son Josias Tanner the southeast portion of the South Kingstown farm which his father William Tanner Sr. gave to his brother Benjamin. ##) In the second bequest, Francis Tanner writes, "I give and bequeath to my beloved sone (namely) Isaac Tanner my farm I formerly bought of my brother Nathan Tanner that lives in South Kingston in King’s County and state of Rhode Island and Providence Plantation be my said sone paying a mortgage which is on twenty-five acres of said farm and pay what I shall hereafter in this will enjoin on him to pay which land is bounded as followeth easterly on land that I have heretofore in this will given to my sone Josias Tanner and southerly and westerly on a river called Mumford’s Mill river ''{this river is also identified as the Usquepaug River}'' and northerly partly on a miry brook and partly on Rowland Robinson’s land being it may be about one-hundred and thirty acres including within said bounds a piece on lot of land I have heretofore gave by deed to my said sone Isaac Tanner be the same more or less all which lands that is mine within said bounds together with all the buildings and fences thereon standing I give to him my said sone Isaac Tanner his heirs and assigns forever." So in a similar manner, Frances bequests the northwest portion of the William Tanner farm which William gave to his son Nathan and Francis subsequently acquired from Nathan. ##) From these bequests in the Francis Tanner will, it can be ascertained that; Francis was the brother of Nathan and Benjamin, hence the son of William--which Francis further affirms by stating "my farm I formerly lived on in South Kingston of King’s County." Second, Francis acquired the entire family farm his father William Tanner Sr. had deeded to his brothers Benjamin, in 1723, and Nathan, in 1731, sometime between 1731 and 1776. Third, grandsons Josias and Isaac Tanner inherited the William Tanner Sr. family farm from Frances Tanner in 1776, and become the third generation Tanner owners of he property. Fourth, the size of the farm has grown from 100 acres when acquired by William in 1693, to 120 acres when it was deeded Nathan and Benjamin, and in 1776 the property bequeathed to Isaac and Josiah appears to be recorded as 130 acres (though this is not perfectly clear if the combined farm is now 260 acres or 130 acres from the text). =====Tanner Farm Burial Ground===== From the 1910 Tanner Genealogy it is noted that "On this land, near the river, and hard by an enclosed burial place may still be seen the graves of two or three generations, including the grave of William Tanner and two of his wives." =====Maps and Location of the Farm===== The the best way to locate the William Tanner Sr. farm today, is to use the [https://www.findagrave.com/cemetery/2420422/tanner-cemetery address] of the cemetery provided in the find a grave profile for Wm. Tanner. This cemetery, hence the William Tanner farm, may be found at [https://www.google.com/maps/place/309+Laurel+Ln,+West+Kingston,+RI+02892/@41.4908574,-71.6078529,16.25z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x89e5c7a69d25c941:0x1e9c69a67923a275!8m2!3d41.48984!4d-71.604236?hl=en 309 Laurel Lane,] South Kingstown, Washington County, Rhode Island, 02892; on the grounds of the present day Laurel Lane Country Club. In the [https://www.google.com/maps/place/309+Laurel+Ln,+West+Kingston,+RI+02892/@41.4908574,-71.6078529,1398m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m5!3m4!1s0x89e5c7a69d25c941:0x1e9c69a67923a275!8m2!3d41.48984!4d-71.604236?hl=en satellite view] or in [https://earth.google.com/web/@41.49143688,-71.60513851,39.95409597a,2835.63131587d,35y,0h,0t,0r Google Earth] you will find a spectacular vista of the farm in which the fairways of golf course outline the boundaries of the farm as described in the land deeds, i.e. the Usquepaug River to the south and west, and the "miry creek" to the north closely relate to those described in the early land deeds for the farm; hence it is very likely that the area of the golf course revealed in the satellite view more or less encompasses the entire area of the original William Tanner farm. NOTICE: you will need to use the Google Chrome browser and install the Google Earth app. in order to see the later image, but it is spectacular and well worth the effort . The [[Wells-438|Peter Wells]] Wikitree page identifies an 1885 stone mansion at [https://www.google.com/maps/place/1003+Liberty+Ln,+West+Kingston,+RI+02892/@41.479906,-71.5889837,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x89e5c777a9ecb0bd:0xe3c8ffe0c2b8c178!8m2!3d41.479906!4d-71.586795?hl=en 1003 Liberty Lane] as having been built on the 1693 Hall Purchase homesite of Peter Wells. Using Google Maps to plot a route from the centroid of the Wm Tanner farm cemetery address to the address of [https://www.google.com/maps/dir/309+Laurel+Ln,+West+Kingston,+RI+02892/1003+Liberty+Ln,+West+Kingston,+RI+02892/@41.4884298,-71.5954027,4676m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m13!4m12!1m5!1m1!1s0x89e5c7a69d25c941:0x1e9c69a67923a275!2m2!1d-71.604236!2d41.48984!1m5!1m1!1s0x89e5c777a9ecb0bd:0xe3c8ffe0c2b8c178!2m2!1d-71.586795!2d41.479906?hl=en to the Peter Wells homesite] it may be seen that they are less than two miles apart, which along with the proximity of the Usquepaug river, confirms this as the exact location of the Hall Purchase. The Peter Wells page also has a picture (shown below) of an unidentified early map of the area which shows the 1664 Cogamaquoant Purchase, i.e. the Hall purchase, marked just to the east of the present day Glen Rock reservoir. However, as the title for the Tanner farm states that the Tanner farm was the northernmost property in the Hall purchase and as the northern border of the farm (golf course) is about 1 mile south of the village of Useuepaugh (as can be see in the satellite and Google Earth view), it is obvious that this map places the Coguinquant purchase about 1-2 miles north of the actual location. {{Image|file=Wells-1518.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=Early Map of 1664 Coginaquant purchase }} Thus from the William Tanner property documentation and other previously stated, corroborating documentation, it can be be stated as fact that 1) William Tanner was the father of sons: William Tanner Jr., Benjamin Tanner, John Tanner, Francis Tanner, and Nathan Tanner; that he was the 1693-1731 owner of a South Kingstown farm, which he gifted to his sons Nathan and Benjamin, then to his son Frances, then to his grandsons Josias and Isaac Tanner, and that this farm is presently (Oct 2019) owned and occupied by the Laurel Lane Country Club. 2) William Tanner Sr. and his wives M.T. and E.T. are buried on the family farm. 3) No record of a gift of land or possessions from William Tanner Sr. to either William Tanner Jr. or Francis Tanner has been found as of Oct 2019. Wm may or may not have given either of these sons an inheritance, but either way it does not affect the certainty that these two men were the sons of Wm Tanner Sr. as their son-ship is established, far beyond a reasonable doubt outside the context of a documented inheritance. ====1730 Census==== In 1730, a census of the citizens of Rhode Island was enumerated; unfortunately, most of these census records have been lost and only two records are known to survive. The two surviving 1730 census records are for Portsmuth, and the other enumerates the district of South Kingston which includes the Hall purchase, hence William Tanner. Jane F Fiske provides a full transcription of this census record in Vol. 10 of Rhode Island Roots. This 1730 Rhode Island Census enumerates William Tanner as a resident of South Kingstown, Rhode Island, and head of a household with nine whites. Listed adjacent to Wm Tanner is his son, Benjamin Tanner, head of a household of 11 whites, as would be expected based on the 1723 land deed cited above. William and Benjamin were also on the 14 July 1730 rate bill and William was on the 1 Dec 1735 rate bill in South Kingstown. In an audit of this census record, testing for a match to William Tanner Sr. of this profile, it may be noted that William Tanner Sr. was about 70 years of age in 1730 and would be expected to be a resident of South Kingstown, but it seems a bit odd that he would have a household of nine persons at the age of 70. Exploring a possible 1730 household composition for Wm Tanner Sr. we have: head, William Tanner; wife, Elizabeth (Gardiner Cottrell) Tanner; son Francis Tanner (age 22); son Nathan Tanner (age 20), daughter Anna Tanner (age 18), daughter Rebecca Tanner (age 16); daughter Elizabeth Tanner (age 13); daughter Abigail Tanner (age 11), stepson John Cottrell III (age 18); stepdaughter Mary Cottrell (age 14) and stepdaughter Hannah Cottrell (age 12); which would account for a household of eleven. The list may be pared to nine by noting that Abigail and/or Anna may have died young or that Frances and/or Nathan may have "left the nest" prior 1730, in any case the data fits the William Tanner of this profile exceedingly well, and it was not only possible that Wm Sr. had a household of nine at age 70, but his known family structure would require a household of this size. Thus this census record corroborates other collected records and coupled with the rate bill establishes, with an exceedingly high degree of certainty, that William Tanner Sr. was alive as late as 1 Dec 1735. =====Hall Purchase owners in the 1730 Census===== This 1730 census also provides absolute proof this particular census is for the William Tanner of this profile and further affirms the asserted identity of Wm Tanner back to the 1693, 1687, and 1682 records, as it includes the following known Hall purchase owners and/or their descendants enumerated in close proximity to William and Benjamin Tanner: #) [[Sheldon-135|Isaac]] and [[Sheldon-134|John Sheldon III]]; sons of [[Sheldon-211|John Sheldon II]] #) [[Cottrell-1533|Stephen Cottrill]], son of [[Cottrell-85|Gershom Cottrill]] #) [[Wells-444|Peter Wells Jr.]], son of [[Wells-438|Peter Wells]] #) [[Babcock-132|Job Babcock]] and sons [[Babcock-131|Samuel Babcock]] and [[Babcock-37|Capt. Job Babcock]] In addition to the Hall purchase owners, [[Barber-158|Moses Barber]], father to Thomas Barber, (the husband of William Tanner's daughter Avis Tanner) is enumerated nearby in this 1730 census, along with his sons: Moses Jr., Benjamin, and William. This provides a strong proximity confirmation that Avis Tanner was indeed the daughter of this Wm Tanner. William Tanner and Mary Tanner belonged to the Westerly, Rhode Island Sabbatarian Church in 1740. ===Marriage and Children=== ====First Wife, ____ Tibbitts==== As of Sept 2019, what is known of the first marriage of William Tanner is derived from a solitary primary source document and that document is the Last Will and Testament of Henry Tibbitts, or rather a paraphrase and quotes of the Henry Tibbitt's will as recorded in John Austin's ''Genealogical Dictionary of Rhode Island'' and George Tanner's ''1905 Tanner Genealogy.'' Of the two, Austin's [https://archive.org/details/genealogicaldict00aust/page/n421/search/Tanner (''Austin'' Page 202)] record of Henry Tibbitts' will, written 27 Nov 1708 and proved 13 July 1713, is more complete and notes a bequest, "To grandson William Tanner, land purchased of Thomas Stanton of Stonington, and five loads of hay." This bequest infers that grandson William Tanner is an adult and of sufficient age to engage in independent farming operations because the five loads of hay are perishable and would require immediate care; furthermore the hay would need to be consumed in livestock operations within a year to retain its' value. Thus from this bequest we can infer that grandson William Tanner was (at a minimum) in his early to mid-twenties in 1708; his mother, ____ Tibbitts, daughter of Henry Tibbitts, was deceased prior to 1708; his father was ____ Tanner, born sometime prior to 1666; he was possibly the sole surviving child of the marriage union of ____ Tanner and ____ Tibbitts, (asserted because grandfather Henry Tibbitts named multiple grandsons and grand daughters as heirs of other deceased children in his will); and he became a North Kingston, RI. land owner (and likely resident). Thus, the identification of the father of this grandson, William Tanner (Jr.), as being William Tanner (Sr.) is an assumption based on a dual requirement criteria that the father was born in 1666, or earlier, and was physically located in Rhode Island near Henry Tibbitts at his courting age, that is to say about 1685 or earlier. The possible candidates meeting this criteria is a very short list of one; the previous notes documenting that William Tanner was in Rhode Island as early as 1682, and then in 1687 he was the only adult male Tanner in King's County, available to be the father of William Tanner Jr. Austin's 1887 ''Genealogical Dictionary of Rhode Island'' [https://archive.org/details/genealogicaldict00aust/page/n899/search/Hannah (Page 451)] is also the originating source of the mis-identification of the mother of William Tanner (Jr.) as Hannah Tibbitts. Austin asserts that it was ____ Tibbitts who was the Hannah Tanner identified as the wife of William Tanner and the mother of William Tanner and four other children born between 1712 and 1725 as recorded in the North Kingston, RI Vital Records [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819984#page/n151/mode/2up/search/tanner (Page 103-104)]. However, it is a simple matter to show that this assertion is self-contradictory and incorrect because this Hannah Tanner was very much alive and making babies between 1712 and 1725, when the will of Henry Tibbitts makes it perfectly clear that his daughter, ____ Tibbitts, was deceased prior to writing of his will in 27 Nov 1708. Therefore Austin's assertion that ____ Tibbitts was Hannah Tibbitts is just plain wrong, however because this assertion appears in a published genealogy, it has been often and uncritically repeated in subsequent secondary literature, an example of which may be seen in the 1904 "Harris Genealogy". Ham, Mrs Thomas H. (compiler). [https://books.google.com/books?id=nqNRAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA57&lpg=PA57#v=onepage&q&f=false ''A Genealogy of the Descendants of Nicholas Harris, M.D., Fifth in Descent from Thomas Harris of Providence, R.I., and Sketches of the Harris and the Following Families Connected by Marriage], Tew, Hopkins, Smith, Arnold, Tibbits, Waterman, Olney, Williams, Carmichael, Canfield, Willoughby, Treat, and Fowler'' (C.I.F. Ham, 1904) [https://books.google.com/books?id=nqNRAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA57&lpg=PA57 p. 57] Regarding the birth and death of ____ (Tibbitts); as noted earlier, the will of her father is the solitary primary document which authenticates her existence. However, there is much that can be reasonably inferred from the document; the language and bequest to grandson William Tanner provides reasonable, circumstantial evidence to assert that he was at least 21 years of age by 27 November 1708, the date the will was written; it would also be reasonable to assert that his mother would have been at least 19 years of age prior to his birth, thus the latest date that ____ Tibbitts could have been born was about 1668. An approximate early boundary for her date of birth may be established by examining the marriage date of her parents and what is known about the birth dates of her siblings. Arnold [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/3897/41384_2421406273_0010-00093?pid=200896&backurl=https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?dbid%3D3897%26h%3D200896%26indiv%3Dtry%26o_vc%3DRecord:OtherRecord%26rhSource%3D2081&treeid=&personid=&hintid=&usePUB=true&usePUBJs=true#?imageId=41384_2421406273_0010-00095 (Vol 7, page 36)] records a Dec 1661 marriage date for parents, Henry Tibbitts and Sarah Stanton, in Rhode Island. So, if ____ Tibbitt was their oldest child, then the earliest she could have been born was in 1662, with the underpinning assumption being that Sarah Stanton was the first wife of Henry and the mother of ____ Tibbitts. As there is no known data to undermine this assumption, it can be said with a reasonable degree of certainty that ____ Tibbitts was born between 1662 and 1668; taking the midpoint sets an approximated birth date of 1665. Her father's will establishes, with certainty, that she died prior to 27 Nov 1708, and it can be stated as fact that she would have had to be alive at the time her son William Tanner was born around 1686. Thus, it can be stated with a high degree of certainty, that ____ (Tibbetts) Tanner died sometime between 1686 and 1708. If one accepts the assumption that Mary Babcock was the second wife of Wm Tanner, then the range of dates for the death of ____ (Tibbitts) Tanner can be narrowed to between 1686 to 1690, because William's next son Benjamin was born in 1692. ====Second Wife Mary Babcock==== In his 1905 ''Tanner Genealogy'', George Tanner cites the 26 March 1715 will of Job Babcock, of Westerly, RI, in which Job Babcock writes the following, ''Item: I give unto my daughter Mary Tanner's '''heirs''' one shilling.'' This will, links Mary Babcock, the daughter of Job Babcock, by marriage, to an Unknown Tanner who happened to be living in Kings County, Rhode Island at the time of the courtship age of said Mary. George Tanner, then asserts, using an argument of evidence based on initials WT and MT found on adjacent field stone markers in the Tanner Farm Cemetery, that the Unknown Tanner whom Mary Babcock married was William Tanner Sr., the ancestor of the Rhode Island Tanners. The information which may be gleaned from this transcription of the will is that Mary (Babcock) Tanner died prior to 26 March 1715; that she had Tanner offspring prior to her death; that her birthdate must be compatible with that of her siblings, the children of Job Tanner and Jane (Crandall) Babcock; and that she married a King's County, RI Tanner resident, who allowing time for this spouse to be 21 and to have then fathered a minimum of two children, would have had to have been born prior to about 1689. The universe of possible candidates satisfying this criteria are William Tanner Sr. and his son William Tanner Jr., the grandson of Henry Tibbitts. It should be noted here that this same Job Babcock will is cited in [https://archive.org/details/genealogicaldict00aust/page/n33/search/Tanner (''Austin'' Page 8)], but this citation does not include the word "heirs" in the citation of the bequest to Mary Tanner; as of 5 Oct 2019 a copy of the original document has not been located, thus it is not presently possible to verify which transcription is correct. If the word heirs is absent in this bequest, the implication is that Mary Tanner is still alive on 26 March 1715, married to a Mr. Tanner born prior to about 1697, and may or may not have had children. The upshot of this discussion is that it is known that Mary Babcock was married to a Mr. Tanner in South Kingstown, with an exceedingly high probability that it was William Tanner, but with a 50/50 probability of whether this husband was William Tanner Sr. or William Tanner Jr. The 2008 publication by Roger K. Crandall Crandall, John book by Roger K. Crandall Title: Roger K. Crandall, Descendants of Elder John Crandall (N.p.: n.p., 2008.) Page: 78. is cited to assert (but this assertion is unverified) that Mary (Babcock) Tanner died in 1696, at Westerly Kings County Rhode Island. However, the basis for this asserted date is unknown. [http://theancestorfiles.blogspot.com/2015/02/guest-post-peggy-mccollester-on-tanners.html Others] have asserted that Mary Babcock was the mother of all of William Tanner's Children (Except Wm Jr.) and lived until shortly before William Tanner's 1722 marriage to Elizabeth Gardiner Cottrell. However, these date extremes are incompatible with a number of well-defined and documented events which help narrow the window of time for her death. First, the tombstone of Mary's daughter Avis (Tanner) Barber defines Avis' date of birth to be 1700, which means that Mary Babcock had to be alive as late as 1700. The upper date-of-death boundary for Mary Babcock which can be asserted with primary source certainty is 20 Feb 1709, the date of birth of Nathan Tanner, son of William Tanner and Elizabeth (not the son of Mary Babcock, nor does Wm Tanner Jr. fit as the father of Nathan as he was not known to be married to an Elizabeth in 1709); this birth is recorded in the Rhode Island Vital Records, by Arnold . This birth record affirms the 1910 Tanner Genealogy assertion that children Francis - Abigail were all children of third wife Elizabeth which, in turn, means William would have married third wife Elizabeth sometime in 1707 benchmarking a death date for Mary Babcock prior to 1707. In the section on "Other Children of William Tanner" daughters Jane, Rachel, and Dorcas are identified and are presumably the daughters of Mary Babcock, which would mean that Mary had at least seven children and this would typically require a time spange of about 14 years. Assuming Benjamin, born 24 Dec 1692 , was the oldest, then this birth count suggests Mary may have been alive as late as 1706; furthermore her death would have left William Sr. with seven young (Wm Jr was 20 by then) children and no mate to assist in their care, a desperate life situation which defines a highly urgent need to find a new wife to help with the care of his children. Thus, it seems highly probable that William would have remarried within two years of Mary's death which would place her death date in 1705. As a final note, on page 6 of the 1910 Tanner Genealogy , George Tanner cites a 26 March 1715 Will of Job Babcock, father of Mary (Babcock) Tanner, in which he bequeaths "one shilling to the '''heirs''' of daughter Mary Tanner; thus adding primary source proof that Mary Tanner was dead prior to 26 March 1715. Because this death date precedes the birth date of Wm's children Elizabeth and Abigail, it provides additional circumstantial, but powerful, evidence that none of the children in the Wm and Elizabeth group (Francis - Abigail) were of Mary, and thus an additional affirmation that Mary died prior to 1707. In summary, the known data suggests a most probable date of death for Mary (Babcock) Tanner between the years 1704 and 1706, probably in 1705. ====Third Wife, Elizabeth ____, possibly Colgrove==== George Tanner in his 1910 ''Tanner Genealogy'' cites a hand written genealogy by [[Tanner-4972|Rev. Francis E. Tanner]] of Hopkinton, RI., a great grandson of William, in which he identifies his great-grandmother as Elizabeth _____, the a third wife of Wm Tanner. This handwritten genealogy then assigns Francis, Nathan, Anna, Rebecca, Elizabeth, and Abigail as children of this marriage union. George Tanner speculates that the maiden name of this Elizabeth ____, was Colgrove, daughter of Francis and Anna Colgrove of Westerly; and notes that his speculation was based on an argument of family proximity and of common membership in the Sabbatarian Baptist Church of Hopkinton, RI., but is unable to offer definitive proof of this assertion. The 1910 Tanner Genealogy identifies a So. Kingston birth record for Nathan Tanner, son of William and Elizabeth, b. 20 Feb 1709/10. Because the only other known, adult William Tanner near South Kingstown in 1709 was his son, William Tanner Jr., who appears to have been unmarried in 1710 and whose 1757 will excludes Nathan as his son, this birth record provides a certain affirmation of the assertion that William Tanner Sr. had children with a third wife Elizabeth who was '''NOT''' Elizabeth Gardiner Cottrell, because Wm Tanner Sr. was not married to Elizabeth Gardiner Cotrell until 1722/3 twelve years later. As a final note on this topic, Francis Tanner, the first child of William and Elizabeth, in his 1776 will, writes that he has a brother Nathan and a brother Benjamin, hence providing a primary source document which bridges the children of William and Mary (Babcock) Tanner with the children of William and Elizabeth Tanner as a common family group. ====Fourth Wife, Elizabeth Gardiner Cotrell Tanner==== George Tanner then goes on to note another South Kingstown, RI marriage record [https://archive.org/details/newenglandhistor1913wate/page/286/search/Tanner (Page 286)] ''{Editorial, this record is NOT included in the Arnold Vital Records for South Kingstown, RI}'' in which William Tanner is noted to have married a fourth wife, the widow Elizabeth Cottrell in 1722 or 1723. Both Tanner's 1910 Genealogy and other subsequent studies affirm that Wm Tanner's 1722 or 1723 marriage to Elizabeth Cottrell made William her third husband, but George Tanner fails to note that this marriage was William Tanner's fourth marriage. In the Tanner Genealogy narrative, her first given surname identity is Gardiner and for which she is noted to have had a daughter named Elizabeth Gardiner with her first husband; however (as of Sept 2019) no documentation has been found to identify of the father of this child. Elizabeth is noted to have married John Cottrell (II) as her second husband and with whom she gave birth to three children between the years 1712 and 1718; her husband John Cottrell II died in April 1721 and she then married (third) William Tanner. Elizabeth ___ Gardiner Cottrell Tanner's daughter Mary Cottrell is documented to have married Nathan Tanner ([https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819984#page/n195/mode/2up/search/Tanner (''SK_VR'' Page 32)]) , her step-brother (no blood relationship), the son of her step-father Wm Tanner and Elizabeth his third wife. None of the relevant, cited source texts provide maiden name identification of this fourth wife. It should be noted that this narrative assumes that Elizabeth was married first to a Mr. Gardiner, however this is an assumption as no evidence has been found to affirm this as fact. It should be noted that the Seventh Day Baptist Church (SDBC) membership roster identifies an Elizabeth Gardiner Tanner in it's 1740 membership roll and as few other members were identified in this three-name fashion, it is clear the Gardiner surname identification was provided to distinguish her from another Elizabeth Tanner, almost certainly Elizabeth (Reynolds) Tanner the third wife of William Tanner Jr. The interesting point of this observation is that she is named Gardner, not Cottrell which would have been her surname at the time Willliam Tanner married her; and this all suggests that her maiden surname was, in fact, Gardiner and hints that she may have had daughter Elizabeth out of wedlock or that the father of Elizabeth was also surnamed Gardiner. This assertion is substantiated by the birth citation in ''The History of Washington and Kent Counties;'' [https://archive.org/details/cu31924028840011/page/n689/search/Gardner ''Cole;'' Page 489:] where it states, "Elizabeth Gardner, daughter of Elizabeth Gardner was born May 17, 1708" sans a father, however an examination of the ''Gardiner Genealogy,'' by Caroline Robinson, offers no genealogical hook to connect her to Gardiner parents. ==== Children of William Tanner cited in the 1910 Tanner Genealogy==== #) Child of William Tanner & ____ Tibbetts: ##) William, b about 1687, S Kingstown, RI; d 1757, N Kingstown, RI #) Children of William Tanner & Mary Babcock, order uncertain: ##) Benjamin, b 24 Dec 1692 ##) John ##) Avis m. 18 April 1723 Thomas Barber. ##) Mary #) Children of William Tanner & Elizabeth (maiden name unknown, possibly Colgrove): ##) Francis, b 3 Jul 1708; ##) Nathan, b 20 Feb 1710 ##) Anna, b 14 Mar 1712 ##) Rebecca, b 2 Jul 1714 ##) Elizabeth, b 14 Nov 1717 ##) Abigail, b 17 Oct 1719 #) Children of William Tanner and Elizabeth ____ Gardiner Cottrell (maiden name possibly Gardiner): ##) None. ====Other children of William Tanner==== * On Jane Tanner from Samuel West's Memorandum Book: "My fathers mother was Jane Tanner Daughter of Frances Tanner hur mother was a Babcock hur Brothers names ware William Benjamin John Frances & Nathan hur sisters names ware Mary Avis Abigail Rechel Ann & Dorcas." from Samuel West's Memorandum Book. Bowman, George Ernest. ''The Mayflower Descendant Volume 26, No.1 (1924); Article entitled "Susanna Soule's husband Identified She Married Francis West,'' of which the key evidence is from a transcription of Samuel West's Memorandum Book. [https://www.americanancestors.org/DB407/i/12861/1/0 Link at AmericanAncestors ($), Diary was written between 1784 (pg 2) and 1836 (pg 175), record of Jane Tanner written in 1802. Page 10] [https://www.americanancestors.org/databases/mayflower-descendant-the/image?pageName=10&volumeId=12861 (page 10)] The list of children is so similar that we can easily see that Samuel could have made a mistake (there are Francises on the West side also) naming his grandfather Frances instead of William. Rebecca and Elizabeth are known children not listed by Samuel and Samuel listed a Rachel and Dorcas, unknown children. The Mayflower Society: Jane Tanner, wife of William West, and apparently daughter of William and Mary (Babcock) Tanner, was born in Westerly, Rhode Island, about 1702. The assertion that Jane Tanner was the daughter of William Tanner is further supported by a 4 March 1723 Wm Tanner land deed cited on page 9 of the 1910 Tanner Genealogy. In this deed, it is noted that Wiiliam West, (husband of Jane Tanner) signed as a witness to the deed passing 60 acres of land from Wm Tanner to his son Benjamin. In addition the name Jean Tanner is found on the 1718 Hopkinton Sabbatarian Baptist Church membership roll, along with several other of the children of William Tanner Sr. *Rachel (see comments with Jane) *Dorcas (see comments with Jane) *Sarah the Mayflower Society lists Sarah [Tanner?], possible wife of [[West-671|Clement West]] as perhaps a daughter of William and Mary. ====Benjamin Tanner==== As noted earlier only two of the fourteen children of William Tanner Sr. are known to have their births recorded in a King's County Town Record, and one of these is son Benjamin Tanner who has a birth record which may be found in the West Greenwich, Rhode Island Town Record. This birth record establishes Benjamin's date of birth to be 24 Dec 1692, but it does not provide the names of his parents. This same West Greenwich, Rhode Island Town Record also gives the names and birth dates of his children, with the obvious implication that they, as well as Benjamin Tanner were born in West Greenwich. Hence, this birth record is at odds with what is known of Benjamin Tanner, son of Wm Tanner shown in earlier documents; i.e. it is known that Benjamin Tanner son of William Tanner was born at South Kingstown, he was given half his father's South Kingstown farm in 1723, and he lived on that farm until at least the 1730 census, hence his children born prior to 1730 would have been born in South Kingstown, not West Greenwich. This discrepancy suggests that there may have been two Benjamin Tanners in Kings County RI between 1720 and 1740; the 24 Dec 1692 born Benjamin Tanner of West Greenwich, and the son of William Tanner, born and living in South Kingstown next to his father at least up to 1730. However there is one other record which links the Benjamin Tanner, of West Greenwich as being the same Benjamin Tanner, son of William of South Kingston and that is the West Greenwich Town record which calls Benjamin to give an account regarding his guests William West and family, who happens to be the husband of Jane Tanner, his sister. This suggests that vital records for Benjamin and his family were recorded at West Greenwich (after the fact) when Benjamin moved there after he sold his half of the family farm to his brother Francis Tanner. This is a subtle, but important point because the 24 Dec 1692 West Greenwich birth date is used by Dr. Tanner as a date anchor to tie the births of Benjamin, John, Avis, and Mary Tanner as children of Mary (Babcock) Tanner. ===Death and Burial=== William Tanner, his wife Mary Babcock and son John Tanner and John's wives are buried in the South Kingstown Rhode Island Historical Cemetery #129 now known as the Tanner Cemetery. The [https://images.findagrave.com/photos/2018/98/188683106_1523319201.jpg memorial stones] are rough cut fieldstones bearing only their initials. ---- ==Genealogical Records== The following section of this profile provides detailed information found in the various cited sources. The purpose of this section is to provide the reader access to the information contained within the cited sources; to identify source data conflicts and identify the origin of data errors; and, finally, to provide a platform to analyze, cross-correlate, and comment on important aspects of the cited historical data record. ===Vital Records=== *Primary Source, Arnold, [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819984#page/n9/mode/2up ''Vital Records of Rhode Island. 1636-1850, Volume 5. Washington County''] Arnold, James N., Editor of the Narragansett Historical Register, ''[[Space:Vital records of Rhode Island, 1636-1850|Vital Record of Rhode Island, 1636-1850,]]'' Providence, RI., Narragansett HIstorical Publishing Co., 1894. Twenty one Volume set of Early Rhode Island Vital records compiled by from James Arnold. [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819984#page/n9/mode/2up ''Vital Record of Rhode Island. 1636-1850, Volume 5. Washington County--Title page Archive.org''] Volume 5, Early Vital records from North Kingston, Washington County, Rhode Island for William Tanner; Data Extract: :#) [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819984#page/n219/mode/2up/search/Tanner ''South Kingstown, RI Births;'' Page 57:] '''Nathan Tanner, son of William and Elizabeth Tanner was born 20 Feb 1709.''' :#) [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819984#page/n195/mode/2up/search/Tanner ''South Kingstown RI Marriage Records;'' Page 32:] Nathan Tanner married Mary Cottrell, by Isaac Sheldon, Justice on 28 May 1734. ''{Editorial Mary Cottrell was Nathan's step sister, the daughter of John Cottrell II and Elizabeth Gardiner Cottrell, the fourth wife of his father William Tanner}'' *Primary Source, Arnold, [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819984#page/n9/mode/2up ''Vital Records of Rhode Island. 1636-1850, Volume 5. Washington County''] Arnold, James N., Editor of the Narragansett Historical Register, ''[[Space:Vital records of Rhode Island, 1636-1850|Vital Record of Rhode Island, 1636-1850,]]'' Providence, RI., Narragansett HIstorical Publishing Co., 1894. Twenty one Volume set of Early Rhode Island Vital records compiled by from James Arnold. [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819984#page/n9/mode/2up ''Vital Record of Rhode Island. 1636-1850, Volume 5. Washington County--Title page Archive.org''] Volume 5, Early Vital records from North Kingston, Washington County, Rhode Island for William Tanner; Data Extract: :#) Children of William and Hannah Tanner: ''{The following records are for William Tanner Jr., but are included here because they are cited by George Tanner and by John Austin in association with Wm Tanner Sr. in their genealogical records. John Osborne Austin asserts [https://archive.org/details/genealogicaldict00aust/page/n899 (Page 451)] that the Hannah of this primary record was Hannah Tibbitts , but on page 14 of the 1905 ''Tanner Genealogy,'' George Tanner counters that "Austin has confounded the names and it is more likely that the wife of William Tanner of North Kingstown was Hannah Palmer because the name Palmer appears as a given name for several generations of children descended from this union." However, George Tanner missed the more powerful argument as to why the Hannah of this Wm and Hannah Tanner North Kingstown birth record absolutely could not be Hannah Tibbitts. The basis for this conclusive argument is that the Hannah of this birth record was still alive and having babies as late as 1725, but the Will of Henry Tibbitts, [https://archive.org/details/genealogicaldict00aust/page/n421 (Page 202)] written on 27 Nov 1708 passes the inheritance of his daughter Unknown (Tibbitts) Tanner to his grandson William Tanner, a bequest that would have been made if and only if his daughter was dead when the will was written; furthermore William Tanner, the first child of the union of Wm and Hannah, Austin's alleged grandson heir, was not born until after the will was written, (though he was born prior to the date the Henry Tibbitt's will was proved on 13 July 1713), and so, if he was the heir, then this 10 month old baby would have received as an inheritance, land and "five loads of hay"--an absurd, yet very humorous, assertion. Ergo, assuming yet another William Tanner as an implausible possibility, the William Tanner of this William and Hannah of North Kingston birth Record had to be William Tanner Jr., son of William Tanner Sr. and ____ Tibbitts.}'' :##) [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819984#page/n151/mode/2up/search/tanner ''North Kingstown, Rhode Island, Births;'' Page 103-104:] William Tanner, son of William and Hannah, was born 22 Sept 1712 at North Kingstown, Rhode Island. :##) Benjamin Tanner, son of William and Hannah, was born 16 June 1714 at North Kingstown, Rhode Island. :##) Honor Tanner, son? of William and Hannah, was born 15 Dec 1716 at North Kingstown, Rhode Island. :##) ____ah, of William and Hannah, was born 16 Oct 1723 at North Kingstown, Rhode Island. :##) ____, of William and Hannah, was born 19 Jan 172_ at North Kingstown, Rhode Island. :#) [https://archive.org/details/cu31924098819984/page/n93/mode/2up/search/Tanner ''North Kingstown, RI Marriages;'' Page 45:] North Kingston, RI marriages: :##) John Tanner married Susannah West, of Frances; m. by William Hall Justice, May 9, 1721. :##) William Tanner married Elizabeth Reynolds by William Spencer, Justice. March __, 1729. :#) [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819984#page/n153/mode/2up/search/Tanner ''North Kingstown, RI Birth Records Page 104:] Four children of William and Elizabeth Tanner were born In North Kingstown, Rhode Island. ''{The North Kingstown, RI. Vital records were damaged by a fire and were partially destroyed. This North Kingstown birth record has entries for four children of William and Elizabeth Tanner, but the children's names and birth dates were obliterated by the fire; hence without name or date identification these children could be for either William Tanner Sr or William Tanner jr. as both were married to an Elizabeth at some point in their life, though the North Kingston location strongly favors William Tanner Jr. and Elizabeth Reynolds as the parents of these children--see marriage above.}'' :##) ____ Tanner, of William and Elizabeth, was born 6 Dec ____ at North Kingstown, Rhode Island. :##) ____ Tanner, of William and Elizabeth, was born 11 Oct ____ at North Kingstown, Rhode Island. :##) ____ Tanner, of William and Elizabeth, was born 5 Sept ____ at North Kingstown, Rhode Island. :##) ____ Tanner, of William and Elizabeth, was born 6 Sept. ____ at North Kingstown, Rhode Island. The following Birth Record benchmarks an approximate date for the marriage of William Tanner and Mary Babcock prior to 1691/2: * Secondary Source documenting Primary Sources, James N. Arnold, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS3Q-8HFL?i=239 ''Vital Records of Rhode Island 1636-1850 Vol 1, West Greenwich Part III {Kent County}] Arnold, James N.; [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS3Q-8HFL?i=239 ''Vital Records of Rhode Island 1636-1850 Vol 1, West Greenwich Part III {Kent County}], Printed by E.A Johnson & Co., Providence, RI., 24 Nov 1890. Data Extract: :#) [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS3Q-8H66?i=295 ''Kent County Vital Records, Vol 1; West Greenwich, Kent County, RI., Births and Deaths;'' Page 98:] Benjamin Tanner was born 24 Dec 1692. ''{It is well known that early town clerks would record the vital data of citizens into the town record when they moved into the community. This appears the be the case of Benjamin Tanner, as it is known that his father Wm Tanner was a lifelong resident of South Kingstown (whence he was settled from his immigration), hence in all likelihood Benjamin was born in South Kingstown and did not move to West Greenwich until he was married and purchased land in said locale. The birth date of Benjamin Tanner was likely a data anchor in the record books for the births of his children in West Greenwich.}'' :##) Sarah, of Benjamin, 19 May 1716. :##) Mary, of Benjamin, 21 Feb 1719.. :##) Joanna, of Benjamin, 3 July 1721. :##) Content, of Benjamin, 8 Nov 1726. :##) Benjamin ''{Jr.}'', of Benjamin, 20 Aug 1730. :##) James, of Benjamin, 5 April 1733. :##) Deborah, of Benjamin, 22 Jan 1741. * Secondary Source, Clarence Almon Torrey, ''U.S., New England Marriages Prior to 1700,'' Torrey, Clarence Almon; ''U.S., New England Marriages Prior to 1700,'' Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, 1985. Available: :#) On line at :##) {{Ancestry Record|3824|69553}} Ancestry.com Operations Inc Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2012. or :##) Am :#) Print edition. This manuscript is still in print and may be available at [https://www.amazon.com/s?k=New+England+Marriages+Prior+to+1700%2C+Clarence+Almon+Torrey&ref=nb_sb_noss Amazon.com] or [https://www.abebooks.com/servlet/SearchResults?sts=t&cm_sp=SearchF-_-home-_-Results&an=Clarence+Almon+Torrey&tn=New+England+Marriages+Prior+to+1700&kn=&isbn= Abebooks.com] or other rare booksellers. :#) [https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/Torrey%27s_New_England_Marriages_Prior_to_1700 Family Search exposee on ''New England Marriages Prior to 1700''] This article provides excellent insight regarding access to Torrey's source citations, which are not included in the single volume edition. Data extract: :#) {{Ancestry Image|3824|gpc_newenglandmarriages-0743}} 742 of 1022: Marriage records for William Tanner: :##) '''William Tanner and first wife ____ Tibbett, daughter of Henry; ca. 1685?; ?Stonington, CT. ''' :##) '''William Tanner and second wife Mary Badcock;''' b. 1692?; Stonington, CT ''{Editorial, notation in this book: b. 1692 means there was a child born in 1692 as a result of this marriage. 1692 would correspond to the date of birth presently assigned to Benjamin Tanner. ? means the data is uncertain.}'' *Secondary Source, Henry Edwards Scott, Editor; [https://archive.org/details/newenglandhistor1913wate/page/n5 ''The New England Historical and Genealogical Register, Vol. 67''], Scott, Henry Edwards, Editor; ''The New England Historical and Genealogical Register, Vol. 67'', Published by the Society, Boston, 1913. Public Domain. Available on line at: :#) [https://archive.org/details/newenglandhistor1913wate/page/n5 ''The New England Historical and Genealogical Register, Vol. 67,'' Archive.org. Title Page], and :#) [https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=hkjQ90cX71oC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_atb_hover&pg=GBS.PP7 ''The New England Historical and Genealogical Register, Vol. 67,'' Google Books, Title Page] Data Extract: :#) [https://archive.org/details/newenglandhistor1913wate/page/284/search/Tanner ''Some Early Marriages Recorded at South Kingston, R.I.;'' Page 285:] Thomas Barber and Avis Tanner were married on the 18th day of April 1723 at South Kingston, RI. by Rowse Helme, Justice of the Peace :#) [https://archive.org/details/newenglandhistor1913wate/page/286/search/Tanner ''Some Early Marriages Recorded at South Kingston, R.I.;'' Page 286:] Francis Tanner and March Tosh were married February 26, 1728 at South Kingston, RI. by Rowse Helme, Justice of the Peace :#) [https://archive.org/details/newenglandhistor1913wate/page/286/search/Tanner ''Some Early Marriages Recorded at South Kingston, R.I.;'' Page 286:] '''William Tanner and Elisabeth Cottrell were married 1722'''[?]* at South Kingston, RI. by Rowse Helme, Justice of the Peace. *Only the tops of the last two digits visible. ===Rhode Island Records=== * Secondary Source collection from Primary Sources, Elisha Potter;[https://archive.org/details/earlyhistoryofna00pott/page/n11 ''The Early History of Narragansett,'' Title page:] Potter, Elisha, [https://archive.org/details/earlyhistoryofna00pott/page/n11 ''The Early History of Narragansett,''] Volume III of a three Volume set, ''Collections of the Rhode Island Historical Society V III,'' Providence, Marshall Brown and Co., 1835. Also [https://archive.org/details/rhodeislandhisto03rhoduoft/page/n5 here] Data Extract: :#) [https://archive.org/details/rhodeislandhisto03rhoduoft/page/70/search/Coginaquant's ''Coginaquant's deed to Henry Hall and Robert Knight'' Page 70:] 19 Jan 1664. Coginaquant's deed to Henry Hall and Robert Knight, of about two square miles, which they named Westerly Manor. Definition of bounds by Indian names. This purchase was afterwards confirmed by the Assembly, in 1708. It's bounds as finally settled, appear to the the Usquepaug River on the west, the Pettiquamscut purchase on the East, and on the North, the purchase of Lang, Boss, Wickham and others from the State Committee on 17 May 1710. :#) [https://archive.org/details/earlyhistoryofna00pott/page/112 ''Notes from General Assembly;'' Page 112:] Feb 1712. In a lawsuit between John Knight and Job Babcock, an appeal allowed to Great Britain. :#) [https://archive.org/details/rhodeislandhisto03rhoduoft/page/212 ''Report of the Committee on the Vacant Lands,'' Page 213-219:] Report of Committee appointed by the General Assembly of Rhode Island to hear claims and titles on Narragansett land and to present a draft recommendation. The deed of Coginaquant to Knight and Hall with a deed of said Coginaquant to Captain Cranston and Co., and a deed to John Green, John Fones and Partners, which here we present, we leave to the to the opinion of the General Assembly with several papers presented to us. 27 Oct 1708. Committee members; Henry Tew, Weston Clarke, Richard Arnold, and Randall Holden. Page 215-219 contains a list of sales of these vacant lands. :#) [https://archive.org/details/earlyhistoryofna00pott/page/110 ''Notes from General Assembly;'' Page 111:] Oct 1708. The assembly confirmed the Deed of Coqinaquand to Knight and Halls, provided it should not interfere with the Pettaquamscut purchase. Coqinaquand's deed to Capt. Cranston and partners, was not confirmed, those lands having already been granted out by the Assembly to East Greenwich, or to Fones, Green and partners. :#) [https://archive.org/details/earlyhistoryofna00pott/page/225 ''Deposition by Capt. Joseph Davell regarding the [[Hall-420|Hall]] Purchase'' Page 225-226:] Transcription of Capt. Joseph Davel's Deposition regarding the Hall Purchase; footnote on the location of John Sheldon's house. ''{This text is cited in Dr. George Tanner's 1905 ''Tanner Genealogy.}'' * Secondary Transcription of a Primary Source, Jane F. Fiske, ''Rhode Island Roots, Vol 10, No. 1,'' Fiske, Jane Fletcher; ''Rhode Island Roots, Vol 10, No. 1,'' "1730 Census, South Kingstown, R.I.," a quarterly publication of the Rhode Island Genealogical Society, Warwick, RI., March 1984. Available [https://rigensoc.org/index.php here, by membership only] Data Extract: :#) ''1730 Census, South Kingstown, R.I.; page 8: 1730 South Kingstown enumerations: :##) Benja Tanner, Whites: 11, Blacks: 0, Negroes: 0. :##) William Tanner, Whites: 9, Blacks: 0, Negroes: 0. === Church Records === * A Secondary Source documenting Primary Sources, James Arnold, [https://archive.org/stream/vitalrecordsofrh02arno#page/n9/mode/2up ''Rhode Island, Vital Extracts, 1636-1899, Vol 10, Town and Church''] Arnold, James A., [https://archive.org/stream/vitalrecordsofrh02arno#page/n9/mode/2up ''Rhode Island, Vital Extracts, 1636-1899, Vol 10, Town and Church''] Published under the Auspices of the General Assembly, Providence, R.I., Narragansett Historical Publishing Co., 1898. :#) [https://archive.org/stream/vitalrecordsofrh02arno#page/114/mode/2up/search/Tanner ''First Sabbatarian Church of Hopkinton, ;'' Page 114:] Tanners listed on the Hopkinton Sabbatarian Baptist Membership Roll: The dates are from the revised list of members at the time given. :##) [http://www.sdbhistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/12-2_7thday.pdf Charter Members] 1708: William and Mary Jr. ''{Editorial these name entries have traditionally been interpreted as being William Tanner Sr. and Mary Babcock. However, as it is highly probable that Mary (Babcock) Tanner died at least a year prior to the birth of Francis, son of Wm and his 3rd wife Elizabeth, in 3 July 1708; it follows that Mary Babcock was deceased at least a year prior to the 1708 Charter Membership date and this entry could not be for her. At present, (21 Sept 2019) a scanned image of the original membership document has not been found to review; and this is important because '''if''' the original document is written as "William and Mary Tanner Jr.," then it would be certain that these charter members were William Tanner Jr. and a heretofor unknown first wife Mary (Unknown) Tanner, rather than his father William Tanner Sr. and Mary Babcock. It seems intuitively obvious that Mary Jr. is an artifact of Arnold's transcription process as it is highly unusual to find the Jr. designation used with a female first name, not to mention that Jr. has no meaning in the context of female descendancy; nevertheless Mary Tanner is not the only Mary Jr. to be found in this Arnold record as there is at least one other, Mary Witter Jr. on page 116. As William Tanner Jr. was born in 1686, he would have been 22, fully of age for church membership and marriage, in 1708; and thus this membership roll would also identify Mary ____ as his first wife. As a further argument that this Wm Tanner is Wm Tanner Jr., there is no record of an Elizabeth Tanner, the 1707-1719 third wife of Wm Tanner Sr. in the SDB Church rolls, but in 1740, Elizabeth Gardiner Tanner the fourth wife and widow (post 1730) of Wm Tanner Sr. appears on the roll after his death. }'' :##) 5 Sept 1712: Benjamin, Mary Jr., Mary, William. ''{Editorial: based on the comments for the charter members: Benjamin, Mary and William {Jr.} would be the children of William & Mary (Babcock) Tanner Sr.; and Mary Jr. would be the first wife of William Tanner Jr. The assertion that Mary Jr. is the wife of Wm Tanner Jr. is made stronger being present in the 1712 roll, as the 20 Feb 1709 birth ([https://archive.org/stream/cu31924098819984#page/n153/mode/2up/search/Tanner Page 57:]) of Nathan Tanner, son of Wm Sr. and Elizabeth benchmarks, with certainty, the demise of Mary Babcock prior to this date, i.e. Mary Babcock was not alive to be on the church roll in 1712.}'' :##) 1712: William, Mary Jr. "{William and Mary Tanner Jr.}'' :##) 1718: Benjamin, Mary, William, Jean. ''{Benjamin, Mary, William, Jean--is probably the Jane Tanner in Soule , children of Wm Tanner Sr. Note in 1718, Mary Jr. asserted here as the first wife of William Tanner Jr. is missing from the church membership roll and presumed deceased sometime between 5 Sept 1712 and 1718.}'' :##) 1740: Benjamin, Mary, William, '''Elizabeth Gardiner''', Joannah, Joannah (2nd), Joseph, Nathan. ''{Benjamin, Mary, Nathan, and William Jr., are children of William Tanner Sr. '''Elizabeth Gardiner Tanner, is almost certainly the widow of William Tanner Sr. and John Cottrell; this three name SDB church membership identification provides a strong indication that her maiden name was Gardiner.''' Her three name identification, i.e. Elizabeth Gardiner Tanner, in the church membership roll was clearly a device to distinguish her from another, contemporary Elizabeth Tanner; who, in all likelihood, would have been Elizabeth (Reynolds) Tanner (not a listed SDBC member), the 1740 wife of SDBC member William Tanner Jr. Joannah, was probably Joanna (Lewis) Tanner, first wife of Benjamin Tanner, and Joseph & Joannah 2nd, were probably Joseph Tanner, son of John and Jane Tanner and his wife Joannah }'' :##) before 1750: Content (by her father John Maxson), Francis, ____ wife of Francis, Mary. :##) July, 1768: Content, Mary. :#) [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/3897/41384_2421406273_0010-00692?pid=244447&backurl=https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv%3D1%26dbid%3D3897%26h%3D244447%26tid%3D%26pid%3D%26usePUB%3Dtrue%26_phsrc%3DnaV6031%26_phstart%3DsuccessSource&treeid=&personid=&hintid=&usePUB=true&_phsrc=naV6031&_phstart=successSource&usePUBJs=true#?imageId=41384_2421406273_0010-00692 ''Newport, RI., Sabbatarian Church Records (Arnold Vol. VII):] The Newport RI Sabbatarian Baptist church, the "mother church" of the Hopkinton Sabbatarian Baptist Church contains no reference whatsoever to William Tanner. * Secondary Source, [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/16255/dvm_LocHist004214-00015-0/25?backurl=https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/88375100/person/320114914455/facts/citation/942191584519/edit/record#?imageId=dvm_LocHist004214-00001-1 ''Dedication of Ministers' Monument, August 28, 1899,''] [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/16255/dvm_LocHist004214-00015-0/25?backurl=https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/88375100/person/320114914455/facts/citation/942191584519/edit/record#?imageId=dvm_LocHist004214-00001-1 ''Dedication of Ministers' Monument, August 28, 1899,''] Published for the Association by The American Sabbath Tract Society, Plainfield, NJ., 1899. Data Extract; The following information has been extracted from a footnote on page 26 and 27 of the pamphlet commemorating the Dedication of the Ministers' Monument on August 23, 1899 at the First Hopkinton (Conn.) Cemetery. This footnote identifies a list of 133 men who were known (to the Sabbatarian Baptist Church) to have been associated with the SDBC movement in southwestern Rhode Island prior to the formation of the Hopkinton SDBC in 1708. These men have been identified as the progenitors of 5/6 of the Hopkinton SDBC membership, and their descendants comprised 2/3 of the ensuing church plants spawned by the Hopkinton church. The following is an abridged version of the list, limited to individuals known (from other documents) to have been either a business associate of William Tanner or to have been an ancestor of an individual known to have married a descendant of Wm Tanner. :#) [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/16255/dvm_LocHist004214-00015-0/25?backurl=https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/88375100/person/320114914455/facts/citation/942191584519/edit/record#?imageId=dvm_LocHist004214-00014-1 List of pre-1708 Seventh Day Baptist Church Progenitors:] Source footnote presents a tentative list of male immigrants and a few others, nearly all of whom settled in Rhode Island, especially in its Southwestern portion, and also in Southeastern, Connecticut, prior to the formation of the Westerly (now Hopkinton) church in 1708; and who themselves largely and very many of their descendants were, during the period occupied by the early pastors, connected with the Hopkinton SDB church, making in all fully five-sixths of its membership; furthermore, the descendants of these men account for over two-thirds of the membership of churches planted by the Hopkinton church in Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Jersey, and New York. :##) SDBC Men with descendants married into the family of William Tanner Sr. and his descendants: tJohn Allen, [[Aylesworth-32|Arthur Aylesworth, neighbor to Wm Tanner and his great grand daughter married Wm's Grandson]]; [[Babcock-348|James Babcock, grandfather of Wm Tanners second wife Mary Babcock]]; William Bailey, [[Barber-158|Moses Barber, son Thomas married Avis daughter of Wm Tanner]]; Elijah Berry, George Bliss, Edward Bliven, Edward Boss, Thomas Brand, John Briggs, James Barker, William Bassett, Samuel Beebe, Robert Bennett, George Brown, Robert Burdick, Peter Button, Abiah Carpenter, Robert Carr, Bryant Cartwright, Jeffrey Champlin, Benjamin Chase, Christopher Chester, Jeremiah Clarke, Joseph Clarke, [[Colgrove-17|Francis Colgrove, possibly the father of Wm Tanner's third wife Elizabeth]], Elizur Collins, [[Cottrell-7|Nicholas Cottrell, great grandfather of Wm Tanner's Cotrell step-children]], Hope Covey, [[Crandall-3|John Crandall, grandfather of Mary Babcock, wife of Wm Tanner, Sr.]]; [[Sheldon-211| John Sheldon Sr., neighbor to Wm Tanner, and grandfather of Elizabeth Sheldon, wife of Wm Tanner's son Francis]] :##) SDBC men who were known business associates of William Tanner Sr.: [[Hall-420|Henry Hall, sold South Kingston land to Wm Tanner; son James was a brother-in-law to Wm Tanner through the Babcock sisters]]; [[Lewis-3452|John Lewis]], [[Stanton-67|Thomas Stanton, original owner of Kingston land deeded to William Tanner by Grandfather Henry Tibbetts Jr.]] === Land Records === * Secondary source collection of Primary Records, James N. Arnold, [https://archive.org/details/recordsofproprie00arno/page/n5 ''Rhode Island Gleanings Vol I, The Fones Record;'' 1894.] Arnold, James N., [https://archive.org/details/recordsofproprie00arno/page/n5 ''Rhode Island Gleanings Vol I, The Fones Record;'' 1894.] Providence, R.I., Narraganssett Historical Publishing Co., 1894. Data Extract: :#) [https://archive.org/details/recordsofproprie00arno/page/78/search/Tanner ''Rhode Island Gleanings Vol I, The Fones Record;'' 1894, Page 79:] On 12 May 1682, William Tanner signs as a co-witness with Peter Wells a quit claim deed authored by Mrs. Francis H. Houlding, wife of Mr Randall Houlding; in support of a 6 Nov 1681 sale of 158 acres of land including [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fox_Island_(Rhode_Island) Fox Island] and parcel on a neck of land in Narragansett countrey, by her husband Randall Houlden to William Tailor and Rich'd Wharton via their agent Richard Smith, Esq. This quit claim deed was entered into the Fones record twice, first on page 79 and then again on [https://archive.org/details/recordsofproprie00arno/page/108 page 108;] both accounts note that the quit claim deed was approved to be entered into the record at [https://www.britannica.com/place/North-Kingstown Rochester,] Rhode Island on 28 June 1686. === Death Records === There are two find a grave profiles for the William Tanner, first: *Primary Source, (burial); Tertiary Source (biography), ''Find A Grave Index'' Find A Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com : accessed 26 September 2019), memorial page for William Francis Tanner (10 Mar 1657–23 Dec 1740), [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/77355209/ta Find A Grave Memorial no. 77355209], citing Tanner Cemetery, South Kingstown, Washington County, Rhode Island, USA ; Maintained by M Tanner (contributor 47588861) . Data Summary: :#) {{FindAGrave|77355209|sameas=yes}}: '''William Francis Tanner was born 10 Mar 1657 at Surrey, England, and he died 23 Dec 1740 (aged 83) at South Kingstown, Washington County, Rhode Island, USA.''' ''{As of 24 Sept 2019: No evidence has been found to substantiate the asserted birth date, birth place, nor death date. Also it should be noted that the only source which has identified the Wm Tanner of this profile as Frances is the Samuel West Memorandum }'' :##) Marriage. William Francis Tanner married Hannah Avis Tibbetts (1664–1687), Mary Babcock (1678–1696) in 1690, and Elizabeth Colgrove (1688–1745) in 1723. ''{24 Sept 2019: The marriage data in this profile conforms to the 1905 Tanner Genealogy, does not include the information citing four wives in the 1910 Tanner Genealogy and assigns, without evidence, Elizabeth Gardiner Cottrell Tanner as a Colgrove by birth}'' :##) Children: :###) William Henry Tanner (1687–1757) :###) John Tanner (1694 – unknown) :###) Francis Tanner (1708–1777) :#) BURIAL. William Francis Tanner was buried in the Tanner Cemetery at South Kingstown, Washington County, Rhode Island, USA :##) Find a Grave Notes: "William Tanner, Tenterdum, Kent Co, England. Sometime in the seventeenth century a boy by the name of William Tanner was kidnapped in the street of London,on his way home from school, with a Bible under his arm,and put on board a ship as a cabin boy, taken to America, settling in Rhode Island where he married and died. He came to the colony about 1678 when he was near 21. He may have come to RI as an attendant of Roger Williams of Randall Houlding. In 1693 William Tanner purchased from Henry Hall of Westerly a 100 acres of land lying on the east side of the Usquepaugh River. This was about a mile below what was known as the village of Usquepaugh, earlier known as Mumford's Mills. :###) William Tanner was married to Hannah Tibbetts, 1660, Mary Babcock 1690, and Elizabeth Colgrove Gardinier Cottrill, 1707. I am a decendent of William and Elizabeth. :###) William Tanner was buried on his farm. Tanner Cemetery is located behind the Laurel Golf Course, West Kingston, RI. Instead of going down the golf course lane, drive straight down the driveway to a house. Walk from the right rear corner of the house about 45 degrees to a path through the woods to an enclosed burial grounds #17, the most NW rough granite stone is marked W.T. (William), to the right one is marked M.T. (Mary). These stones were seen in 1997. " :##) [https://images.findagrave.com/photos/2011/283/77355209_131836937004.jpg Tombstone Photo:] Simple field stone with the inscription, '' "W. T." '' And second ''{Note both profiles have a picture of the same tombstone}'': *Primary Source, (burial); Tertiary Source (biography), ''Find A Grave Index'' Find A Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com : accessed 25 September 2019), memorial page for William Tanner (unknown–unknown), Find A Grave Memorial no. 188683106, citing Tanner Cemetery, South Kingstown, Washington County, Rhode Island, USA ; Maintained by Stan Arnold (contributor 48121400) . Data Summary: :#) {{FindAGrave|188683106|sameas=no}}: '''William Tanner was born (unknown) and he died (unknown).''' :#) BURIAL. William Tanner was buried in the Tanner Cemetery at South Kingstown, Washington County, Rhode Island, USA :##) [https://images.findagrave.com/photos/2018/98/188683106_1523319201.jpg Tombstone Photo:] Simple field stone with the inscription, '' "W. T." '' === Probate Court Records === The following primary source is the evidentiary glue that the binds the children of Wm Tanner and Mary Babcock, and the children of Wm Tanner and Elizabeth (Unknown) Tanner together as a single family unit. The statement that Francis makes in his will that both Nathan and Benjamin are his brothers absolutely binds this as a single family unit, fathered by William Tanner Sr., because there are no other William Tanner family units in Rhode Island during this pre-1776 time period which have three brothers named Nathan, Francis, and Benjamin; the will of William Tanner Jr. excludes the name Nathan as a child. Furthermore, it is not possible to rearrange the groups of children for the various wives assigned to Wm Sr. and Wm Jr. in order to assemble a family containing Francis, Nathan, and Benjamin in other way than the way George Tanner arranged the family groups in his ''Tanner Genealogies.'' * Primary Source, Francis Tanner, [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/sources/sourceVE?&entityId=MTC6-5WW&entityType=person&sourceId=9VBQ-DFQ&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.familysearch.org%2Ftree%2Fperson%2Fsources%2FMTC6-5WW Last Will and Testament of Francis Tanner of Hopkinton, Rhode Island] Tanner, Francis; [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/sources/sourceVE?sourceId=9VBQ-DFQ&entityId=MTC6-5WW&entityType=person&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.familysearch.org%2Ftree%2Fperson%2Fchangelog%2FMTC6-5WW%3FconclusionType%3DSOURCE Last Will and Testament of Francis Tanner of Hopkinton, Rhode Island], Hopkinton, Rhode Island Probate Records, 1757 -1920, Film #931571, Pages 64 to 77. Family History Library, Salt Lake City, Utah. 22 October 1776 Data Extract: :#) [https://www.familysearch.org/photos/artifacts/35625127 Last Will and Testament of Francis Tanner of Hopkinton, Rhode Island] Image taken from microfilm of original document. :#) [https://www.familysearch.org/photos/artifacts/41554039?p=21195759&returnLabel=Francis%20Tanner%20(MTC6-5WW)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.familysearch.org%2Ftree%2Fperson%2Fmemories%2FMTC6-5WW Transcription of Francis Tanner's Will] Will of Frances Tanner, Hopkinton, Rhode Island, 22 October 1776. :##) Bequeaths to son Josias my farm in South Kingstown... boundary which is the NW corner of the land I bought of my brother Benjamin Tanner, then to the land I bought of my brother Nathan Tanner. ''{Note that Francis does not differentiate between Nathan, a full brother, and Benjamin, a half-brother, because they were both truly his brothers.}'' :##) Bequeaths to son Isaac Tanner my farm I formerly bought of my brother Nathan Tanner. In addition, I give... :##) Bequeath to son William Tanner the north part of my land in Hopkinton. :##) Bequeath to son Joshua Tanner, the south part of my Homestead in Hopkinton partially bounded the land of Nathan Tanner and Francis West. :##) Bequeath to sons William and Joshua Tanner my saw mill. :##) My will is that my wife Elizabeth Tanner shall have the use of a defined portion of my dwelling house, defined furnishings and provision. :##) Bequeath to my 3 daughters Amy, Dorcas, and Susannah, remaining lands, not already given away. :##) Witnessed by William Tefft, Francis West, and Abel Tanner. :##) William Tefft, Francis West Esq., and Abel Tanner appeared in at the town Council 20 January 1777 to swear to the authenticity of the will. * Primary Source, Nathan Tanner, [https://www.familysearch.org/photos/artifacts/48676395 Last Will and Testament of Nathan Tanner of Westerly, Kings Co., Rhode Island] Tanner, Nathan; [https://www.familysearch.org/photos/artifacts/48676395 Last Will and Testament of Nathan Tanner of Westerly, Kings Co., Rhode Island], Westerly, Rhode Island Town Records, 15 March AD 1752 Data Extract: :#) [https://www.familysearch.org/photos/artifacts/48676395 ''Last Will and Testament of Nathan Tanner:''] In the name of God, Amen, ye 15th day of March AD 1752. I Nathan Tanner of Westerly, in ye County of Kings, County and Colony of Rhode Island, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yeoman yeoman:] Being Crassy? of body, but of perfect mind and memory, Thanks be given Unto God for the Same... :##) Item: I give & bequeath to Mary Tanner my Dearly Beloved wife all my movable estate (after expenses) forever, likewise one third part of ye profits of my Land, together with ye best Room of ye house During her Life.... Mary Tanner (wife) and David Tanner (Son) Executrix and Executor. :##) Item: Give and bequeath to my Said mother, Elizabeth Tanner, ye Sum of five pounds in money, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts_pound old tenor] to be paid yearly During her life by my Executor, out of the profits of my Land. ''{Note his mother cited here is Elizabeth (Gardiner Cottrell) Tanner; she was his mother in the sense of 1) step mother, 2) mother-in-law, and 3) mother who cared for him during his teen years; but not his birth mother who died prior to 1722/3. Nathan uses the term mother in an inclusive sense as did Francis with regard to his brother Benjamin in his will. Furthermore, this bequest affirms that his father William Tanner Sr. was deceased (prior to 15 March 1752) and not present to provide for his widow, and that Elizabeth Gardiner Cottrell Tanner was very much alive as late as 15 March 1752.}'' :##) Item: I give and bequeath to David my beloved Son (wearing apparal) and a parcel of Land...To be under his control until such time as sons Nathan and Abel reach 21 year, then portioned to them each a third. :##) Item I give and bequeath unto Nathan Tanner my beloved son ye North part of ye Remainder of my old Farm, the division line.... :##) Item: I give and bequeath unto my beloved son Abel Tanner all the Remaining part of my Land, it being the south part of my Farm With buildings & Fence and containing by Estimation One Hundred Twenty Acres, be it more or less. :##) Item: I bequeath all my Books to my Wife and three Sons to be equally divided Amongst them. :##) Item: my Will is that if either of my Sons should not Live to the age of Twenty One years or should leave us before, That his part Shall be equally Divided between the other two Sons, their heirs and assigns forever. :##) Signed by witnesses: John McArtor, Frances Tanner, Samuel Laekia, and Joshua Clark. :##) Witnesses John McArtor, Frances Tanner, and Joshua Clark appear before the Town Council 27 April 1752 and testify that the document was authentic, the will is proved and recorded. === Biographic and Genealogical References === The quintessential genealogy text for William Tanner was written by Rev George Clinton Tanner, DD. and was first self-published by the a uthor in 1905; but a subsequent, revised version was later published in 1910. The later edition has a substantial improvement in the number of cited sources, hence in the breadth of information given for the original immigrant William Tanner; consequently the two editions paint remarkably different pictures regarding the marriage record of William Tanner, the 1905 version documents William as having three wives, whereas the 1910 version clearly defines William as having four wives. Both versions are available on line, but the 1905 is more readily available. Much of the subsequent Wm Tanner genealogical work appears to have been built on the 1905 edition of the "Tanner Genealogy" without the knowledge or benefit of the information contained in the second 1910 edition. Data extracts from both editions are provided here to highlight the changed content. It should also be noted that the 1905 edition of this ''Tanner Genealogy'' documents descendants of son William Tanner '' Jr.'' of North Kingstown, RI, only. The 1910 edition, in addition to expanding the breadth of source material, also expands the genealogical study to cover other (but not all) of the children of William Tanner Sr. * Secondary Source, Rev. George C. Tanner D.D.; [https://archive.org/details/williamtannerofn00lctann/page/n8 ''William Tanner, of North Kingstown, Rhode Island and His Descendants'',] Tanner, Rev. George C. D.D. [https://archive.org/details/williamtannerofn00lctann/page/n8 ''William Tanner, of North Kingstown, Rhode Island and His Descendants'',] Faribault, Minn., Self published by the author. 1905 (original publication). Public Domain. Data Extract: :#) [https://archive.org/details/williamtannerofn00lctann/page/n15/search Tanner ''1905 Tanner Genealogy;'' Page 7-8:] Early Records for William Tanner: :##) The first mention of William Tanner of Rhode Island appears in the Fones Record, Vol I, Pg 70, as a witness to a deed of Frances Houlding of Warwick. " I Frances Houlding, doe consent to ye deed of sale, and forever will quitt clayme, etc. Witness my hand and seale ye 12th day of May 1682. ''{Witnessed by}'' William Tanner, Peter X (his mark) Wells. :##) The next mention of William Tanner is on the tax roll of the town of Rochester (Kingstown), under Gov. Andrus. for 1687, where he is taxed for one pole, 1 1-2d. ''{Examination of full transcription this record reveals a more correct transcription of this record would be that Wm Tanner was assessed a pole (poll) tax of 1s and an estate tax of one and a half pence.}'' :##) In 1693, Wm Tanner bought a tract of land of one hundred acres more or less, of Henry Hall of Westerly, weaver, the deed bearing date July 4th, 1693. This deed is on record in the town of Westerly and was not recorded in South Kingston until 1 August 1728. In the deed he is said to be of Kingstown, "planter." This parcel of land lies on the east side of the River, about a mile below the village of Usquepaugh, and is described as follows: :###) "Lying westerly from John Sheldon's dwelling house as followeth: beginning at the brook at John Sheldon's bounds and so up his bounds six score poles (rods) more or less to a white oak tree marked on three sides, and so from thence south and by west nearest six score poles to a walnut bush and from thence west nearest to the river to an ash tree marked on four sides and so up stream to the furthest that I have under the hand and seal of Coianaquanto as appeareth more largely upon the general records of Rhode Island." :###) This "Hall Purchase" contained about two square miles, and "the house of John Sheldon appears to have been one of the first, if not the very first, built on this purchase, being referred to as a well known land mark in the oldest deeds." (Early history of Narrangansett, by Judge E.R. Potter, [https://archive.org/details/earlyhistoryofna00pott/page/225 page 226]) ''{From the deposition of Capt John Devol, it is known that all the lots, including John Sheldon's were surveyed at the same time in 1693. Hence, as the John Sheldon house was cited as a landmark in this Tanner deed it would clearly have to have been built prior to the execution of the Hall purchase deeds. Therefore, either the house was built on land adjacent to the Hall purchase, or John Sheldon was squatting on land owned by the Indians, then Henry Hall, then purchased in the Hall Purchase in 1693.}'' :###) On this land, near the river, and hard by an enclosed burial place may still be seen the graves of two or three generations, including the grave of William Tanner and two of his wives. ''{The the best way to find this land today, is to use the address of the cemetery from Wm. Tanners find a grave profile where the cemetery, hence farm, may be found [https://www.google.com/maps/place/309+Laurel+Ln,+West+Kingston,+RI+02892/@41.4908574,-71.6078529,16.25z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x89e5c7a69d25c941:0x1e9c69a67923a275!8m2!3d41.48984!4d-71.604236?hl=en here] or near the Golf Course clubhouse in this Google Earth [https://earth.google.com/web/@41.49143688,-71.60513851,39.95409597a,2835.63131587d,35y,0h,0t,0r Image]. Note the Usquepaug River on the Western portion of the golf course, hence the Laurel Lane Country Club is built over much, if not all of the William Tanner Farm. NOTICE: you will need to use the Google Chrome browser and install the Google Earth app. in order to see the later image, but it is spectacular and well worth the effort }'' :#) [https://archive.org/details/williamtannerofn00lctann/page/10/search/William ''1905 Tanner Genealogy;'' Page 10-11:] '''William Tanner, of South Kingstown, RI, born in the west of England.''' :##) Children of William Tanner and ____ Tibbitts: :###) William ''{Jr.}''; settled in North Kingston, RI on land given to him by his grandfather Henry Tibbetts. :##) Children of William Tanner and Mary Babcock: :###) Benjamin ; b. 24 Dec 1692, in South Kingstown, RI. Settled in West Greenwich, RI, where many of his descendants were living as late as 1905. :###) [[Tanner-308|Thomas Tanner]]; assumed to be a son who settled about 1730 in Litchfield, Conn. and in Cornwall. He had three sons: William, Thomas, and John. (See ''Genealogy of Thomas Tanner, by Elias F. Tanner, 1893). ''{Editorial; this assumption has been demonstrated to be incorrect. Thomas Tanner was raised in Lyme, Conn., and lived in the Lyme/East Haddam Conn. area near his father John Tanner. John Tanner may possibly have been the brother of Wm Tanner of this profile.}'' :###) John; settled in Richmond, RI, (or Charleston from which Richmond was taken) :###) Avis; m. Thomas Barber 18 April 1723. :###) Mary m. Lawrence Willett of North Kingston, RI. Surname is also rendered as Vilet, Violett, and Vilate in various records. Children: :####) Lawrence Willett, probably d. young. :####) Mary (unmarried) :####) Grace (Willett) Brand :####) Thankful (Willett) Clarke :##) Children of William Tanner and Elizabeth Cottrill: ''{Important editorial Note, the revised 1910 Tanner Genealogy provides new source information which explicitly eliminates Elizabeth Cottrill as the mother of these children. It should be noted that all post 1905 William Tanner Genealogical literature which identifies only three wives for William Tanner and declares the following children as the offspring of Elizabeth Cottrell is '''INCORRECT''' and was generated from this 1905 Genealogy without the benefit of the knowledge found in the additional cited source information in the 1910 edition}'' :###) Francis; b. 3 July 1708; bought 1200 acres in Hopkinton, RI and settled there. His descendants are located in RI, NY and beyond. :###) Nathan; b. 20 February 1709-10; settled in Hopkinton RI., descendants in RI and NY. :###) Anna; b. 15 March 1712; no further record. :###) Rebecca; b. 2 July 1714; m. Benjamin Brand of Westerly RI (which, at that time included Hopkinton). :###) Elizabeth, b. 14 Nov 1717; m. Benjamin Burdick. :###) Abigail. b. 17 Oct 1719; No further record. :##) It appears that William Tanner married first the daughter of Henry Tibbitts; second Mary Babcock, daughter of Job Babcockof Westerly; and 3rd Elizabeth Cottrill. ''{George Tanner proves this three-wife assertion to be INCORRECT in his revised 1910 edition of the Tanner Genealogy. In the 1910 edition, he cites the Wm Tanner - Elizabeth Cottrill 1722/3 marriage record; a marriage which occurs 3-4 years after the birth of Abigail, daughter of Elizabeth, and thus (with other supporting information) establishes that over the course of his life, Wm Tanner was married to four different women.}'' :#) [https://archive.org/details/williamtannerofn00lctann/page/12/search/William ''1905 Tanner Genealogy;'' Page 12:] William Tanner ''{Jr.}'', son of William Tanner ''{Sr.}'' married Elizabeth Reynolds on March 1729. He was admitted a freeman in North Kingstown 1723-4. :##) Abstract of the 13 June 1757 Will of William Tanner ''{Jr.}'': ''{This Will}'' names son William; grandson Samuel Tanner, son of my son Benjamin Tanner deceased; son Palmer; Son Francis, not of age; wife Elizabeth; daughter Hannah Cha(dsey); daughter Mary Reynolds; daughter Deborah Fowler; daughter Elizabeth Tanner; son Henry; daughter Avis Tanner. :##) Thus from the will of William Tanner ''{Jr}'' ''{Editorial Note: children of William Tanner Jr. posted here to delineate from the children of his father William Tanner Sr. }'' :###) William ''{III}'' :###) Benjamin :###) Palmer ''{Transcribed as Honor in Arnold's North Kingston Vital Records }'' :###) Hannah :###) Mary :###) Henry ''{A nod of respect to his grandfather Henry Tibbitts}'' :###) Deborah :###) Elisabeth :###) Francis :###) Avis * Secondary Source, Rev. George C. Tanner D.D.; [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066373119&view=1up&seq=9 ''William Tanner, Sr. of South Kingstown, Rhode Island and His Descendants''] Tanner, Rev George C. DD; [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066373119&view=1up&seq=9 ''William Tanner, Sr. of South Kingstown, Rhode Island and His Descendants;''] Faribault, Minn., Self published by the author, 1910 revised and updated edition. Public Domain :#) Also available at [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/599895-william-tanner-sr-of-south-kingstown-rhode-island-and-his-descendants?viewer=1&offset=14#page=2&viewer=picture&o=info&n=0&q= ''Tanner Genealogy;'' at Family Search, Title Page:] Data Extract: :#) [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066373119&view=1up&seq=14 ''1910 Tanner Genealogy;'' Page 6:] :#) [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066373119&view=1up&seq=18 ''1910 Tanner Genealogy;'' Page 10:] :##) Inventory and disposal of Wm Tanner Estate: An inventory of the estate of William Tanner of South Kingstown, Rhode Island is presented, noting that the inventory was "Taken and disposed of ye twenty-third day of December Anno Domini 1730." ''{This document has all of the earmarks of a probate record and, if so, benchmarks the death of Wm Tanner at or just slightly prior to this date. However the 23 Dec 1730 is the same date as the land deed transferring land from Wm to son John (shown below). So how could he sign a land deed if he was deceased. }'' :##) Land deed to son John: Next a land deed transferring ownership of 75 acres of land from Wm Tanner to John Tanner, Blacksmith, on 23 Dec 1730, signed by Wm and Elizabeth Tanner and witnessed by Francis Tanner, and Isaac Sheldin is presented. :##) Seventh Day Baptist Church Membership Roll: Also the 1910 text provides a full account of the information in the membership roll of the Westerly (Hopkinton) Seventh Day Baptist church and asserts that William Tanner was a founder and constituent member of the SDB Church. ''{Editorial note: refer to the SDB membership roll data extraction ; Analysis of the SDBC membership data suggests the members were Wm Tanner Jr. and his siblings, rather than William Tanner Sr.}'' :#) [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066373119&view=1up&seq=22 ''1910 Tanner Genealogy;'' Page 14-15:] Plan of the William Tanner burial place in South Kingstown RI. :##) The burial place of the early Tanners is on the original farm owned by William Tanner Sr. and is in an open field near the "Great River" and a short distance from the walled grave yard. The most north westerly grave is that of William Tanner, marked with a rude granite field stone, engraved with the letters W. T. Adjacent are two graves marked M. T and E. T. ''{Note: only two of Wm's four wives are noted to be buried here. There is no grave identified for ___ (Tibbitts) Tanner and there is only one Elizabeth Tanner grave. It is likely that Elizabeth Cottrill Tanner was buried at the side John Cottrill (location unknown) as it is customary for a wife to be buried beside the husband with whom she bore children.}'' At the foot of these graves are four small graves, probably the children of William Tanner as the custom was to bury young children at the foot of their parent's graves. ''{From the list of children, having no adult records are Anna, Abigail, Rachael, and Dorcas. Perhaps buried here}'' :##) Eastward of these short graves are three graves, the middle one marked J. T., the one to the right indistinct, but may be J.T., and the one on the left clearly S. T. These are undoubtedly the graves of John Tanner, son of William, and his first and second wives, Jean and Susannah. :##) About sixteen paces west of the northwest corner of the walled enclosure and about twenty three paces to the north are the graves of Josias Tanner, and at the right one marked A.T., Amy Tanner, and at the left one of the one marked J.T., is one marked P.T for Phebe Tanner, the wives of Josias. ''{The detailed description of locating graves by a number of paces from a walled enclosure provides powerful evidence that the author George Tanner visited this graveyard and that he made a detailed record of his observations from the time of his visit. It also affirms that he was physically present in South Kingstown to collect genealogical evidence from town records.}'' {{Image|file=Tanner-290.png |align=c |size=l |caption=1910 George Tanner map of Tanner Cemetery located on the Wm Tanner Farm in South Kingstown, RI. }} *Secondary Source, John Osborne Austin , [https://archive.org/details/genealogicaldict00aust/page/n7 ''Genealogical Dictionary of Rhode Island: Comprising Three Generations of Settlers Who Came Before 1690 ''], Austin, John Osborne. [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/474353-the-genealogical-dictionary-of-rhode-island-comprising-three-generations-of-settlers-who-came-before-1690-with-many-families-carried-to-the-fourth-generation?viewer=1&offset=4#page=1&viewer=picture&o=info&n=0&q= ''Genealogical Dictionary of Rhode Island: Comprising Three Generations of Settlers Who Came Before 1690 : With Many Families Carried to the Fourth Generation.''], Albany, NY., Joel Munsell's Sons, 1887. Public Domain. ''{Note there are two on-line sources offering scanned images of this text; archive.org and the book library of Family Search. The scanned image quality of the archive.org copy is poor, in some places unreadable. Family Search has three scanned copies of the book with good scanned image quality.]'' :#) Archive.org: [https://archive.org/details/genealogicaldict00aust/page/n7 ''Genealogical Dictionary of Rhode Island, Title Page] :#) Family Search book library: [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/474353-the-genealogical-dictionary-of-rhode-island-comprising-three-generations-of-settlers-who-came-before-1690-with-many-families-carried-to-the-fourth-generation?viewer=1&offset=4#page=1&viewer=picture&o=info&n=0&q= ''Genealogical Dictionary of Rhode Island; Title Page] Data Extract: :#) [https://archive.org/details/genealogicaldict00aust/page/n33/search/Tanner ''Genealogical Dictionary of RI;'' at Archive.org, Page 8:] or at [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/474353-the-genealogical-dictionary-of-rhode-island-comprising-three-generations-of-settlers-who-came-before-1690-with-many-families-carried-to-the-fourth-generation?viewer=1&offset=4#page=13&viewer=picture&o=info&n=0&q= ''Genealogical Dictionary of RI;'' at Family Search, Page 8:] Job Babcock, son of James and Sarah Babcock, was born ____ at Westerly, RI. and he died in 1718. Job Babcock married Jane Crandall, daughter of John. Job was a blacksmith and a miller. On 26 March 1715, the will of Job Babcock was proved; Summary of Will: Executor, son John. To son John my now dwelling house, grist mill, etc. To eldest son Job 1s. To youngest son Benjamin 1s. To daughters Jane Braman, Sarah Hall, '''Mary ''{Babcock}'' Tanner''', and Elizabeth Brand 1s each. To daughter Hannah Babcock, a feather bed, pewter, and the rest of household stuff. To daughter Mercy Babcock, 1s. To son John all that is due after payment of debts and legacies. :#) [https://archive.org/details/genealogicaldict00aust/page/n421 ''Genealogical Dictionary of RI;'' at Archive.org, Page 202] also at [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/474353-the-genealogical-dictionary-of-rhode-island-comprising-three-generations-of-settlers-who-came-before-1690-with-many-families-carried-to-the-fourth-generation?viewer=1&offset=4#page=207&viewer=picture&o=download&n=0&q= ''Genealogical Dictionary of RI;'' Family Search, Page 202:] Henry Tibbitts (____ - 1713) married 1661, Sarah Stanton (____- 1708) daughter of Robert & Avis Stanton. Kingstown, RI. The Will of Henry Tibbitts written 27 Nov 1708 was proved 13 July 1713: Execs, wife Sarah and son George. To wife half of certain land.... '''To grandson William Tanner, land purchased of Thomas Stanton of Stonington, and five loads of hay.''' :#) [https://archive.org/details/genealogicaldict00aust/page/n899 ''Genealogical Dictionary of RI;'' Archive.org, Page 451 (corrections and additions):] also at [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/474353-the-genealogical-dictionary-of-rhode-island-comprising-three-generations-of-settlers-who-came-before-1690-with-many-families-carried-to-the-fourth-generation?viewer=1&offset=4#page=451&viewer=picture&o=info&n=0&q= ''Genealogical Dictionary of RI;'' Family Search, Page 451 (corrections and additions): ] TIBBITTS. 2d column. VIII. Hannah m. William Tanner. Children: 1) William, 22 Sept 1712; 2) Benjamin, 16 June 1714; 3) Honor, 22 Sep 1716; 4.) H___an, 16 Oct 1723; 5) ____, 19 Jan ____. ''[Editorial: this assertion posits that the Hannah, mother of the listed children from the North Kingtown, RI vital records is ____ Tibbitts, the mother of William Tanner cited in Henry Tibbitts will (see page 202 above). This assertion is absolutely incorrect and is self-contradictory; Henry Tibbitts will bequeathing "land and five loads of hay to his grandson William Tanner" was written 27 Nov 1708, four years prior to the birth of the Wm Tanner asserted in this passage to be that grandson. Further comments in North Kingstown Vital Records Source Extraction.}'' :#) [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/474353-the-genealogical-dictionary-of-rhode-island-comprising-three-generations-of-settlers-who-came-before-1690-with-many-families-carried-to-the-fourth-generation?viewer=1&offset=4#page=181&viewer=picture&o=search&n=0&q=Tanner ''Genealogical Dictionary of RI;'' Family Search, Page 176:] From the will of Isaac Sheldon proved 25 Aug 1752, ...To daughter Elizabeth Tanner, a silver spoon.... :#) [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/474353-the-genealogical-dictionary-of-rhode-island-comprising-three-generations-of-settlers-who-came-before-1690-with-many-families-carried-to-the-fourth-generation?viewer=1&offset=4#page=130&viewer=picture&o=search&n=0&q=Tanner ''Genealogical Dictionary of RI;'' Family Search, Page 176:] From the Will of Samuel Lewis, proved 1 Feb 1739: ...To son Samuel's Children, son Jonathan's children, and daughter Joanna Tanner's children, the rest of the estate... * Secondary Source, Gary Boyd Roberts, [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/48397/RIFamiliesI-000868-610/329677?backurl=&ssrc=&backlabel=Return&rc=329,1016,468,1043#?imageId=RIFamiliesI-000219-iii ''Genealogies of Rhode Island Families, Vol. I, Alden -Mowry;''] Roberts, Gary Boyd; [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/48397/RIFamiliesI-000868-610/329677?backurl=&ssrc=&backlabel=Return&rc=329,1016,468,1043#?imageId=RIFamiliesI-000219-iii ''Genealogies of Rhode Island Families, Vol. I, Alden -Mowry;''] Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore 1989. Data Extract: :#) [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/48397/RIFamiliesI-000868-610/329677?backurl=&ssrc=&backlabel=Return&rc=329,1016,468,1043 ''Genealogy of John Knight'' Page 610:] On 31 July 1711 Joseph Devol of Stonington, Conn. deposed that in 1693, when he lived in Westerly, he surveyed the Chepechewog purchase of Henry Hall and John Knight (Westerly Deeds, book 2, pg 44) in the Narrangansett Country for them and further made a plot of the divisions for them and the persons who purchased of them, namely, Job Babcock (200 acres), Peter Wells (100 acres) , William Tanner (100 acres), John Sheldon (200 Acres), John Crandall (180 acres), Gershom Cottrell (180 acres) James Ray (100 acres) and Jonathan Knight (200 acres). From the papers of Knight vs. Babcock. (John Knight Jr. and Job Babcock). * Secondary Source, Gary Boyd Roberts, [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/48398/RIFamiliesII-001064-i?backurl=&ssrc=&backlabel=Return#?imageId=RIFamiliesII-001066-iii ''Genealogies of Rhode Island Families, Vol. II, Niles - Wilson;''] Roberts, Gary Boyd; [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/48398/RIFamiliesII-001064-i?backurl=&ssrc=&backlabel=Return#?imageId=RIFamiliesII-001066-iii ''Genealogies of Rhode Island Families, Vol. II, Niles - Wilson;''] Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore 1989. Data Extract: :#) Ancestry.com {{Ancestry Image|48398|RIFamiliesII-001669-592}}[https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/48398/RIFamiliesII-001064-i?backurl=&ssrc=&backlabel=Return&clickref=1101l6AttjNZ,1101l6AttjNZ&o_xid=01011l4xx5&o_lid=01011l4xx5&o_sch=Affiliate+External#?imageId=RIFamiliesII-001669-592 ''RI Taxes under Gov. Andros'' Page 592:] Taxes under Gov. Andros: Assessments of ye Estates of ye Town of Rochester (later renamed Kingstown) in ye Kings Province September 6th, 1687: '''Wm Tanner assessed Tax 1.5 pence.''' ''{Editorial comment: this tax assessment for William Tanner is the smallest tax amount assessed to anyone in the entire list; as this tax was based on the assessed value of the person's estate, the obvious implication is that Wm Tanner had a small estate, which further suggests (though there certainly are many other possible valid reasons) that he was a very young man and had not sufficient time as an adult to accumulate assets. This observation concurs with the assertion that Wm Tanner Jr. was his first son born in 1686}'' :##) Other persons associated with Wm Tanner (and his family) named on this list: Henry Tebbits Sr., Robert (torn)d ''{possibly Robert Stanford}'', Francis West Sr., Francis West Jr., Henry Tybitts Jr., Petter Welles, John Callerrell ''{John Cottrell}'' and John Sheldon. Job Babcock is noticeably absent from this list, but may well be the entry: " Joh (torn)." The following George Soule genealogy, tightly links, by marriage, three of the known children of Wm Tanner Sr. with the Frances and Susannah (Soule) West Sr. family: *Secondary Source, John E. Soule, others; [https://archive.org/details/georgesouleofmay00soul/page/n3 ''George Soule of the Mayflower and his Descendants for Four Generations. "Mayflower Families in Progress."''] IMPORTANT NOTE: this text has been published in seven editions, the first in 1995 and the most recent in 2015. Each edition adds information relative to the previous edition, therefore some of the cited information is only in the 2015 edition. The 1995 and 2006 editions are available on checkout from Archive.org; but the 2015 edition must be purchased. Soule, John; Terry, Milton; and Wakefield, Robert;[https://archive.org/details/georgesouleofmay00soul/page/n3 ''George Soule of the Mayflower and his Descendants for Four Generations,'' Second Edition], Plymouth, Massachusetts: General Society of Mayflower Descendants, 1995. Soule, John; Terry, Milton; and Wakefield, Robert;[https://archive.org/details/georgesouleofmay00soul/page/n3 ''George Soule of the Mayflower and his Descendants for Four Generations.'' Seventh Edition] Plymouth, Massachusetts: General Society of Mayflower Descendants, 2015. Data Extract: :#) [https://archive.org/details/georgesouleofmay00soul/page/28/search/Tanner ''Soule Genealogy,'' Page 28, 29:] William West, son of Susanna (Soule) West, was born 31 May 1681. He married first Abbiah Sprague who died sometime prior to April 1721. William married second, before 1723 Jane Tanner, '''daughter of Frances and ____ (Babcock) Tanner.''' ''{Editorial dau. of Wm and Mary Babcock?}'' :##) 27 July 1741. William West, wife and children were ordered by the Charlestown RI town Council to be transported to No. Kingstown. In July 1742, Benjamin Tanner was ordered to provide an explanation to the town council regarding his guests William West and Family. :#) ''Soule Genealogy, Seventh Edition, 2015'' Page 41(available in print only): Jane Tanner, second wife of William West, b. Westerly ca. 1702; d. perhap a Dutchess Co., NY after 31 Jan 1758William Tanner was a 1730 head of house in South Kingstown, nine whites; Benjamin Tanner head of house in adjacent enumeration, eleven whites. William and Benjamin are on the 14 July 1730 rate bill at South Kingstown and William is on the 1 Dec 1735 rate bill. :#) [https://archive.org/details/georgesouleofmay00soul/page/30/search/Tanner ''Soule Genealogy,'' Page 28, 29:] 22 June 1733 Clement West, son of Susannah (Soule) West and his wife Sarah sold 140 Acres of land in East Greenwich to Benjamin Tanner. ''{If this was West Greenwich it would explain the post 1730 move of Benjamin Tanner to West Greenwich}'' :#) [https://archive.org/details/georgesouleofmay00soul/page/98/search/Tanner ''Soule Genealogy,'' Page 99, 100:] Susannah West, daughter of Francis West Jr., and grandaughter of Susanna (Soule) West, born ca. 1700 at North Kingstown, RI.; died priot to 14 Aug 1759. On 9 May 1723 married John Tanner (1694-1777), '''son of William and Mary (Babcock) Tanner.''' John Tanner probably married first Jane Shelley, and third Susannah Hall on 14 Aug 1759 at Richmond, RI. :#) [https://archive.org/details/georgesouleofmay00soul/page/106/search/Tanner ''Soule Genealogy,'' Page 106, 107:] Thomas Barber (b. 19 Oct 1699 at So. Kingstown, RI - d. ~9 Nov 1762 at Exeter, RI), son of Susannah (West) Barber, and grandson of Susannah (Soule) West married 18 April 1723 at South Kingstown, RI Avis Tanner, '''daughter of William and Hannah (Tibbetts) Tanner.''' ''{Editorial: George Tanner assigned Avis as a daughter of Wm and Mary Babcock, but the assertion that she was the daughter of ____ Tibbetts is a better namesake fit as Avis (Almy) Stanton was the grandmother of ____ Tibbetts; but, if correct, creates date conflicts with Avis' 1700 birthdate and the Wm and Mary Babcock marriage.}'' *Secondary Source, John Cortland Crandall, [https://archive.org/details/elderjohncrandal00cran_0/page/n7 ''Elder John Crandall of Rhode Island and his descendants,''] Crandall, John Cortland;[https://archive.org/details/elderjohncrandal00cran_0/page/n7 ''Elder John Crandall of Rhode Island and his descendants,''] New Woodstock, New York, 1949. [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/477031-elder-john-crandall-of-rhode-island-and-his-descendants?viewer=1&offset=0#page=35&viewer=picture&o=info&n=0&q= Also available online here] Data Extract: :#) [https://archive.org/details/elderjohncrandal00cran_0/page/n75/search/Tanner ''Crandall Genealogy;'' Page 16:] Cites the ''1905 Tanner Genealogy'' as the information source. Mary Babcock, b. Westerly, RI., daughter of Job and Jane (Crandall) Babcock, '''married as the 2nd wife of Wm Tanner Sr., b. 1660 in England, resident of So. Kingston, RI.''' :##) Children of William Tanner Sr. and Mary Babcock; :###) Benjamin Tanner, b. 24 Dec 1692; m. (1st) Joanna Lewis 2 and (2nd) Deb. Stillman :###) John Tanner; (b. ca. 1694); m. (1st) Jane Shelley, and (2nd) Susannah West, daughter of Francis West and Sarah (Meakins) West :####) Eleven of 14 children named with birthdates. :###) Avis, and :###) Mary. :#) [https://archive.org/details/elderjohncrandal00cran_0/page/n77/search/Tanner ''Crandall Genealogy;'' Page 17:] Susannah ''{Crandall}'' Tanner, daughter of Peter Crandall and Susannah (Tefft) Crandall, b. 1755, m. 12 Apr 1774 (VR of RI) Benjamin Tanner, '''son of William Tanner and Elizabeth (Colgrove) Tanner.''' ''{ Editorial: Benjamin was not the son of Elizabeth (Colgrove) Tanner as he was born in 1692 prior to his father's marriage to Elizabeth (Unknown) Tanner in 1707.}'' * Secondary Source, Thurber H. Bierce; [https://archive.org/details/ancestorsinunite00bier/page/n3 ''Ancestors in the United States of Byron H. Bierce and his wife Mary Ida Cottrell of Cortland County, New York,''] Bierce, Thurber H., and Cottrell, Lisle; [https://archive.org/details/ancestorsinunite00bier/page/n3 ''Ancestors in the United States of Byron H. Bierce and his wife Mary Ida Cottrell of Cortland County, New York,''] New Jersey, New York, No Publisher, 1962. Data Extract: :#) [https://archive.org/details/ancestorsinunite00bier/page/96/search/Tanner ''Bierce Genealogy;'' Page 97:] John Cottrell, son of John, b. 22 March 1682. Married 1 Feb 1708/9 Mary Arnold, daughter of Oliver and Phebe (Cook) Arnold, of Jamestown, RI born 10 March 1687; died 1710. His second marriage was to Elizabeth ''{____}'' Gardiner, widow, who had a daughter Elizabeth Gardiner by her previous marriage. '''Elizabeth (Gardiner) Cottrell, then married for her third husband, William Tanner in 1722.''' :##) Children of John Cottrell and Elizabeth ____ Gardiner: :###) John Cottrell, b. 1712 :###) Mary Cottrell, b. 1715, married Nathan Tanner, 28 May 1734. :###) Hannah Cottrell, b. 1719 married Joshua Clarke :#) [https://archive.org/details/ancestorsinunite00bier/page/98/search/Tanner ''Bierce Genealogy;'' Page 98:] March 1738. '''William Tanner consents to a quitclaim deed''' for 25 acres belonging to the former husband of his wife, Elizabeth ____ Gardiner Cottrell Tanner for the benefit of his stepson, John Cottrell ''{III}'', son of his wife Elizabeth and her former husband, John Cottrell II. * Secondary Source, Richard Anson Wheeler; [https://archive.org/details/historytownston00wheegoog/page/n11 ''History of the Town of Stonington, County of New London, Connecticut, from its First Settlement in 1649 to 1900''] Wheeler, Richard, Anson; [https://archive.org/details/historytownston00wheegoog/page/n11 ''History of the Town of Stonington, County of New London, Connecticut, from its First Settlement in 1649 to 1900''], New London,Conn., Press of the Day Publishing Co., 1900. Public Domain. Data Extract: :#) [https://archive.org/details/historytownston00wheegoog/page/n230/search/Tanner ''History of Stonington;'' Page 212:] Job Babcock (No. 4) m. Jane, daughter of John Crandall. He d. 1718 and she d. 1715. :##) CHILDREN of Job Babcock and Jane Crandall: :###) JOB, b____ , :###) JOHN, b____ . :###) BENJAMIN, b____ . :###) JANE, b.____ , m.____ ____ Braman, :###) SARAH, b.____ , m.____ ____ Hall, :###) '''MARY Babcock, b.____ , m.____ ____ Tanner''', :###) ELIZABETH, b.____ , m.____ ____ Brand. :###) HANNAH, b.____ , m. ____ :###) MERCY, b.____ , m.____ . * Secondary Source, J. R. Cole, [https://archive.org/details/cu31924028840011/page/n5 ''History of Washington and Kent counties, Rhode Island,'' Title Page] Cole, J. R. [https://archive.org/details/cu31924028840011/page/n5 ''History of Washington and Kent counties, Rhode Island,'' Title Page,] New York, W. W. Preston & Co., 1889. Data Extract: :#) [https://archive.org/details/cu31924028840011/page/n689/search/Gardner ''History of Washington and Kent Counties;'' Page 489:] Elizabeth Gardner, daughter of Elizabeth Gardner was born May 17th, 1708. ''{Editorial Comment; This is the only entry listed absent the name of the father with the child's birth. This record provides strong evidence that Elizabeth Gardner was born out of wedlock.}'' * Secondary Source, James Tanner; [https://www.familysearch.org/photos/artifacts/34673273 ''The Life and Wives of William Tanner] Tanner, James; [https://www.familysearch.org/photos/artifacts/34673273 ''The Life and Wives of William Tanner (1660 (?) to after 1735) of Hopkinton, Rhode Island Including his descendants to John Tanner;''] 17 March 2017. This is a 2017 white paper study on the wives of William Tanner of this profile written by James L. Tanner, 1382 E. 2300 North, Provo, Utah 84604. Citations of primary records associated with William Tanner from the LDS archive at Salt Lake City. :#) South Kingston, Rhode Island Town Clerk, Land Evidence 1696 – 1885, Salt Lake City, Utah Filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1973. FHL US/CAN Film 932299. Deed from William Tanner to Benjamin Tanner, 1723. :#) Hopkinton, Rhode Island Court of Probate, Probate Records, 1757—1920, Salt Lake City, Utah, Filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1973, 1993. FHL US/CAN Film 931571. Will of Francis Tanner 1776. == Research Notes == #) 2019-10-03. Changed the death date of Mary Babcock Tanner from 1696 to 1705. The 1696 death date was asserted without evidence and did not fit with other hard evidence (for example the birth of her daughter Avis in 1700). #) 2019-09-18. [[Tanner-308|Thomas Tanner]] was listed in the 1905 Tanner Genealogy "Assumed to be a son who settled about 1730 in Litchfield County, Connecticut and about 1740 in Cornwall." The 1910 Tanner Genealogy , by the same author, modified the family linkage for Thomas Tanners now suggesting he was "an assumed son of Benjamin Tanner," that is to say a grandson of William Tanner. Both assumptions are verifiably incorrect, Thomas Tanner was the son of John Tanner of East Haddam, Connecticut. Refer to the [[Tanner-308|Thomas Tanner]] Wikitree profile for further details. #) 2019-09-18. Wikitree profile for William Tanner was modified to remove Elizabeth Cottrill as the mother of Wm Tanner's children (Francis thru Abigail) because William did not marry Elilzabeth Cottrill until 1722 or 1723, a date which is at least 2 -3 years after the birth of the youngest of these children. The 1910 Tanner Genealogy by George Tanner cites a family genealogy written by a great-grandson of Wm Tanner Sr. (what should be a reliable source) linking these children by name and birth date as children of William Tanner and Elizabeth Unknown. Thus, an Elizabeth Unknown (possibly Colgrove per George Tanner) was added as the third wife of William Tanner and children (Francis thru Abigail) were reassigned from fourth wife Elizabeth Cottrell to third wife Elizabeth Unknown. #) 2019-09-22. In order to enhance the veracity of this profile, it would be very beneficial to obtain and post to this web page scanned copies of the following original documents : ##) Hopkinton Sabbatarian Baptist Church membership roll. ##) The 1730 probate record of the inventory and distribution of the estate of Wm Tanner. ##) The land deed records. #) There is a Wm Tanner genealogy blog at the Family Search site which may be accessed [https://theancestorfiles.blogspot.com/search/label/Francis%20Tanner Tanner Blog at Family Search here] or [http://theancestorfiles.blogspot.com/2015/02/guest-post-peggy-mccollester-on-tanners.html here]. ##) #) #) 2019-09-28: The following list is an ongoing compilation of any Tanner with some sort of documented evidence that they lived in North America prior to 1700: ##) Torrey lists four in New England: ###) [[Tanner-290|William Tanner]], husband of ____ Tibbett and Mary Badcock, of South Kingstown, Kings, Rhode Island. (of this profile.) ###) [[Tanner-906|John Tanner]] b ca 1655, Rebecca (Spencer) Kenard, of Lyme, New London, Connecticut. Possibly a brother. ####) Son, [[Tanner-308|Thomas Tanner Sr.]] b. 1694 ###) John Tanner b. 1664 husband of ____ , Portsmouth. NH and ###) Nicholas Tanner, husband of Mary Sturges m. 7 July 1696. Swansea, MA. ##) [[Tanner-522|Joseph Tanner]] of Henrico, Virginia. ##) Wm Tanner of Middlesex Co., Mass. [https://www.americanancestors.org/databases/middlesex-county-ma-abstracts-of-court-records-1643-1674/image?rId=138348688&volumeId=12380&pageName=61&filterQuery= Nov1656] #) Here is a possible [[Stanton-68|Thomas Stanton]], of Stonington, of whom Henry Tibbetts may have purchased the North Kingstown, RI land he bequeathed to William Tanner Jr. This [https://archive.org/details/bookcalledouranc00stan/page/16 text] guesses that Robert and Thomas Stanton Sr. may have been brothers (no proof). If all these guesses are correct, then Henry would have purchased the property from his wife's first cousin. #) [https://archive.org/details/earlyhistoryofna00pott/page/112 Page 113] North Kingstown and South Kingstown divided under separate charters in 1722. #) The wikitree profile of [[Wells-438|Peter Wells]] contains a xxxx plat map of area of the farm of Peter Wells including the village of Usquepaug showing the land in the 1664 purchase from Cogamaquont. If the original can be located, it may also show the William Tanner farm. #) The following definitions and syntax conventions apply to the preceding text of this profile: ##) A Primary Source contains data that was recorded by the person in the profile; or by someone known to or with first hand knowledge of that person, during the person's lifetime, death or within two generations thereafter. ##) A Secondary Source is a genealogical reference created as the result of a extensive study of available source material and it provides some evidence of the source documentation used to generate the text data. ##) A Tertiary Source is a genealogical data source which is a collection of genealogical information that does not cite Primary or Secondary information sources, and the data may be factual or hearsay. ##) Braces ''{Editorial Note Example}'' are used to insert editorial comments; that is to say, information or clarification that is not contained in the original, cited source material. ---- ==Sources== ===Other Sources=== The following section provides a listing of source material that is pertinent to the profile subject, but not cited in the text of the profile. * [https://images.findagrave.com/photos/2018/98/188683106_1523319201.jpg Photo of theTombstone of William Tanner] {{FindAGrave|77355209}} *[https://archive.org/details/descendantsofjoh00tann/page/n3 ''Descendants of John Tanner : born August 15, 1778, at Hopkintown, R.I. Died April 15, 1850, at South Cottonwood, Salt Lake County, Utah'':] Tanner, Maurice, Published by the Tanner Family Association, 1923. [https://archive.org/details/descendantsofjoh00tann/page/6/search/William (Page 7):] * [https://rigensoc.org/cpage.php?pt=32 Rhode Island Genealogical Society:] Provides source citation for early Rhode Island Census records. * [https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&dbid=7486&h=211608&ssrc=pt&tid=8263979&pid=-969492560&usePUB=true Immigration record] {{Ancestry Record|7486|211608}} William Tanner arrived in America in 1680. * [https://www.ancestry.com/mediaui-viewer/collection/1030/tree/110468967/person/190087028544/media/4fd91d4d-ed6a-4fb8-acd5-4c66919d7954?_phsrc=naV6054&usePUBJs=true A guide to the Descendants of William Tanner Terry McSweeny 2000] Asserts Mary Babcock the mother of all of Wm Tanners children (except Wm Jr.) * ''U.S., Sons of the American Revolution Membership Applications, 1889- 1970'' Author: Ancestry.com Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011. Sons of the American Revolution Membership Applications, 1889-1970. Louisville, Kentucky: National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution. Microfilm, 508 rolls. {{Ancestry Record|2204|601401}} {{Ancestry Record|2204|409622}} {{Ancestry Record|2204|561040}} {{Ancestry Record|2204|43241}} (this one is pre 1905 and lists mother of William Tanner Jr. as Elizabeth Tibbitts) * [https://archive.org/details/recordsofcolonyo03rhod_0/page/n5 ''Records of the colony of Rhode Island and Providence plantations, in New England. Printed by order of the General assembly, Vol III, 1678-1706;'' Title Page] This volume contains the early court records of Rhode Island and does not include a citation of Wm Tanner per se. However, it does have records on Job Babcock, John Crandall, Henry Tibbiits Jr., Peter Wells, John Sheldon, and copious records on Randall Holden and others cited in close association with William Tanner. * [https://archive.org/details/recordsofcolonyo04rhod/page/n3 ''Records of the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, in New England, Vol IV, 1707 - 1740;'' Title Page] [https://archive.org/details/recordsofcolonyo04rhod/page/618/search/Tanner ''Rhode Island Records;'' Index, page 618:] No apparent record of Wm Tanner Sr. of this profile. Contains records of Wm Tanner II, Wm Tanner III, Benjamin Tanner (of East Greenwich), Benjamin Tanner of S. Kingston, Nathan Tanner, and Palmer Tanner being granted the right of freeman. Many records of closely associated individuals. * [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:Seventh_Day_Baptist ''Seventh Day Baptist Church Project.''] Wikitree free space profile on the Seventh Day Baptist Church. * Thorngate, Janet; ''Baptists in Early North America Volume III; Newport, Rhode Island, Seventh Day Baptists;'' Mercer University Press; Macon, Georgia and The Seventh Day Baptist Historical Society; 2017. * [https://archive.org/details/cu31924028840011/page/n5/mode/2up '' ====Web based Genealogies==== There are two aggregated William Tanner profiles in the Family Search web site. The first of these is a generously inclusive profile which may be too inclusive and may have conflated several William Tanner identities. Nevertheless it contains a extensive bibliography of source material, most of which is in a friendly hot-link format. The second William Tanner profile in Family Search is a highly selective profile and uses a very exclusive information filter, built solely ''from-the-ground-up'' original primary documents for Wm Tanner, and rejecting all other genealogical information sources as potentially conflated, contaminated, and invalid. However this extremely selective filter also means this genealogy has information gaps (until a full repertoire of primary documents has been assembled) and consequently this approach has resulted in some some family relationship conclusions which are debatable. For example, it asserts, from the term brother, that Benjamin Tanner is the son of William and Elizabeth Tanner, rather than a half brother, son of William and Mary (Babcock) Tanner. This site presents the findings drawn from an active research project of original material and will hopefully result in an updated systematic genealogical text on the genealogy of William Tanner. For now, it contains the largest collection of accessible images of original primary source information on the William Tanner family to be found on the internet * [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L19W-7W9 Family Search William Tanner Family Tree with broadly conglomerated connections.] * [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTRX-BJF Family Search William Tanner Family Tree with highly selective and exclusive connections.]

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Dedicated to genealogists every where to add a bit of humor or inspiration to keep digging! If you have any to add, please do so! Any good genealogist loves to share, and here you can see as well as take credit for what has been written!

==How to Use Google for Genealogy== Google is arguably the world's largest search engine. As of Apr 2018, 76.48% of all searches were powered by GoogleNET MARKETSHARE. [https://netmarketshare.com/search-engine-market-share.aspx?options=%7B%22filter%22%3A%7B%7D%2C%22dateLabel%22%3A%22Custom%22%2C%22attributes%22%3A%22share%22%2C%22group%22%3A%22searchEngine%22%2C%22sort%22%3A%7B%22share%22%3A-1%7D%2C%22id%22%3A%22searchEnginesDesktop%22%2C%22dateInterval%22%3A%22Monthly%22%2C%22dateStart%22%3A%222016-05%22%2C%22dateEnd%22%3A%222018-04%22%2C%22hiddenSeries%22%3A%7B%7D%2C%22plotKeys%22%3A%5B%7B%22searchEngine%22%3A%22Google%22%7D%5D%2C%22segments%22%3A%22-1000%22%7D Market Share Statistics for Internet Technologies - Search Engine Market Share]., and with 1.6 billion estimated unique monthly visitors, it is safe to say that Google is an obvious starting point for genealogy researchers. What many don't know about search engines, including Google, is that they work on what is known as "[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzzy_logic fuzzy logic]". Through the use of fuzzy searches, Google is able to offer results for "Yugoslavia" even though you typed in "Yougasalavia".Google Search Help. [https://support.google.com/websearch/answer/134479?hl=en&ref_topic=3081620 Tip 4: Don't worry about the little things]. This fuzzy searching algorithm, although useful in most day-to-day situations, has one major downfall - the return of both relevant and irrelevant results (all dependant on how the search was performed and how strong the search algorithm is). When you know exactly what you are looking for, it can be quite a task to decipher which results are relevant to your search. Below I have compiled a listing of Google Search Operators to help in your genealogical search. ===Search Operators=== ====Search Operations Table==== :{|border="1" | Search Operator || Finds results || Example Usage || More Information |- | Word1 Word2 || that contain both Word1 and Word2 || Los Angeles California || Basic search function |- | “phrase“  || that contain the exact phrase, proper name, or a set of words to find that are in a specific order || “Jaramy Smith”  || [[#Use Qutoes|Use Quotes]] |- | Words1 * Words2 || that contain the phrase (enclosed in quotes), where the * can replaced by one or more words || “Google * my life”  || [[#Use Wildcards|Use Wildcards]] |- | number1..number2 || that contain a number in the specified range || Chris Whitten 1920..1950 || [[#Search Within a Range of Numbers|Search Within a Range of Numbers]] |- | -Word1 || that do not contain Word1 || twins minnesota -baseball  || [[#Exclude Unwanted Words|Exclude Unwanted Words]] |- | ~Word1 || that contain Word1 or one of its synonyms || google ~guide  || [[#Synonym Searches|Synonym Searches]] |- | Word1 OR Word2
Word1 | Word2" || that contain either Word1, Word2 or both Word1 and Word2 || Texas OR Louisiana
Texas | Louisiana" || [[#Alternate Searches|Alternate Searches]] |} ====Use Quotes==== :By putting a phrase or name in quotes, you are telling Google to search for an '''exact''' match instead of using fuzzy logic. This can be quite useful when searching uncommon name spellings. :Examples: *A search for '''Jaramy''' will produce a warning from Google - Did you mean: ''' ''Jeremy'' ''', as well as offer you a YouTube music video for either Firma's "JaraMy" or if you are lucky, Pearl Jam's "Jeremy" *A search for '''Jaramy Smith''' would return the warning - '''Showing results for''' ''' ''Jeremy Smith'' '''. :''Note: Google uses specific algorithms to determine the most useful and relevant search results, that also contain learning features. Repeated searches for the same or variant queries will alter how warnings are displayed.'' :While Google will also give you the option in most cases to perform a search based on the name you entered, as you spelled it, it is only displayed as a secondary option and the results returned will not be the same as an "exact" search. :In order to bypass the extra clicking and trying to tell Google what you are looking for, try using quotes around your search query instead. For example, you could use ''' "Jaramy" Smith''' or ''' "Jaramy Smith" '''. :Google also ignores common words in English and other languages (referred to as [https://www.link-assistant.com/seo-stop-words.html stop words]), such as "the" (or the Spanish equivalent "la"). To prevent a [https://www.link-assistant.com/seo-stop-words.html stop word] from being omitted from results, use quotes! :As an example - The search for '''contractors in central la california''' will not only return some results you would expect (from Central Los Angeles, California), but will also return results from the region of Central California, which is around 100 miles away. Instead, you can use '''contractors from central "la" california''' to force Google to include the term. ====Use Wildcards==== :Used with quotes, the asterisk (*) serves as a wildcard in Google searches. Each asterisk can represent one or more words. :As an example - A search for ''' "Google * my life" ''' may return any number of results, such as those fitting ''Google '''is''' my life'', ''How to kick Google '''out of''' my life", etc. ====Search Within a Range of Numbers==== :By using the '''..''' operator, you can search for a term or name within a specific time period. :As an example, you can performs a search for a person containing a date between a specific set of years - '''Chris Whitten 1920..1950''' ====Exclude Unwanted Words==== :If you have ever run into cases of irrelevant search results, the "not" (-) operator can come in quite handy by narrowing your search results by specifically excluding certain results. :As an example, searching Google for '''Chris Whitten''' will come up tons of results, including the British session drummer. In our case, we are interested in another Chris Whitten, so we can exclude results for drummers by adding the "not" operator - '''Chris Whitten -drummer'''. :The "not" operator can also be used multiple times in order to further narrow your results: '''Chris Whitten -christopher -drummer -golf'''. In this example, we are looking for the name Chris Whitten, and excluding any matches that contain 'christopher', 'drummer' or 'golf'. ====Synonym Searches==== :The tilde (~) operator is one of the lesser known operators, but comes in handy when you know how to apply it. The ~ notifies Google to specifically search for synonyms of the connected word that follows, in order to broaden your search results. :As an example, instead of searching exclusively for 'John Doe birth', you could broaden your search to include all birth synonyms - '''John Doe ~birth''', which also includes records that mention John Doe and the words 'birth', 'born', 'delivered', etc. ====Alternate Searches==== :The OR and pipe (|) operators can be used to specific specific synonyms or alternatives you wish to search for, and interacts with the word adjacent to the operator. :As an example, if you had found reference to an ancestor having been born in Texas, but later died in Louisiana - you can can search for the ancestor without limiting your search to records that contain both locations. To broaden your search, you could then use '''John Doe Texas | Louisiana''' or '''John Doe Texas OR Louisiana'''. This search will then find all matching records for either "John Doe Texas" or "John Doe Louisiana". ===Google Site Search=== This allows you to search just one domain, not the entire internet, for a particular search term. # Go to [http://www.google.com Google.com] # Enter in the search box: '''site:''xxx'' ''zzz''''' #* ''xxx'' represent the website, where ''zzz'' represents the search term #* Example[https://www.wikitree.com/g2g/646939/which-is-more-useful-a-place-category-or-a-text-search Stoke Hammond: '''site:wikitree.com Stoke Hammond''' ===Google Advanced Search=== For anyone who wants to take full of advantage of Google Search Operators, through a user-friendly interface, be sure to check out the [https://www.google.com/advanced_search Google Advanced Search] form. With this form, many search operators can be combined in a simple and easy to use format that takes the guesswork out advanced operator techniques. ===Google Search Alerts=== For those who wish take genealogy to the next level, consider diving into [https://www.google.com/alerts Google Alerts]. With [https://www.google.com/alerts Google Alerts], you can get email notifications when a new item matches you search criteria. Combine this with the above [#Search Operators|Search Operators], and you can narrow down the type of results you get, fine-tuning the information you receive to ensure they are relevant to you. ==Genealogy Research Sites== # [https://www.abmc.gov/cemeteries-memorials#.WmuchK55WUm American Battle Monuments Commission (ABMC) - Cemeteries & Memorials] # [http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/ Chronicling America] Large database of archived US newspapers from the Library of Congress # [https://archive.org/ Archive.org] - Comprehensive search of Web, Text, Video, Audio, Software and Images. Not very useful on individuals (unless they are notable), but an excellent resource for locations and full census records # [https://www.fold3.com/#browse Fold 3 Historical Military Records] # [https://news.google.com/newspapers Google News Archive] Millions of archived newspaper pages # [http://immigrants.byu.edu/search/simple Immigrant Ancestors Project] provided by the Center for Family History and Genealogy # [https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/w2w/index.htm National Center for Health Statistics] - Where to write for Vital Statistics (Birth, Death, Marriage and Divorce Certificates) by State (United States only) # [https://www.newspapers.com/ Newspapers.com The largest online newspaper archive] # [http://cdm16635.contentdm.oclc.org/ U.S. Army Heritage and Education Center Digital Collections] # [https://gravelocator.cem.va.gov/ U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, National Cemetery Administration, Nationwide Gravesite Locator] # U.S. National Archives - ''Note: The following links are ones that I have bookmarked for my own 'quick access'. If the links below are not what you are looking for, visit the main U.S. National Archives and Records Administration, Access to Archival Databases (AAD)''[https://aad.archives.gov/aad/index.jsp aad.archive.gov] The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration, Access to Archival Databases (AAD). #* [https://aad.archives.gov/aad/fielded-search.jsp?dt=893&tf=F&cat=WR26&bc=,sl Electronic Army Serial Number Merged File, ca. 1938 - 1946 (Enlistment Records)] #* [https://aad.archives.gov/aad/fielded-search.jsp?dt=929&tf=F&cat=WR26&bc=,sl Electronic Army Serial Number Merged File, ca. 1938 - 1946'(Reserve Corps Records)] #* [https://aad.archives.gov/aad/fielded-search.jsp?dt=466&tf=F&cat=WR26&bc=,sl World War II Prisoners of War Data File, 7-Dec-1941 - 19-Nov-1946] #* [https://aad.archives.gov/aad/fielded-search.jsp?dt=2212&tf=F&cat=WR26&bc=,sl World War II Prisoners of the Japanese, ca. 1941 - ca. 1945] #* [https://aad.archives.gov/aad/fielded-search.jsp?dt=2003&tf=F&cat=WR26&bc=,sl Japanese-American Internee Data File, 1942 - 1946] #* [https://aad.archives.gov/aad/fielded-search.jsp?dt=674&tf=F&cat=WR26&bc=,sl Naval Group China Muster Roll and Report of Change Punch Cards, 1942 - 1945] # [https://www.nps.gov/civilwar/soldiers-and-sailors-database.htm U.S. National Park Service - Soldiers and Sailors Database] ==Sources==

Here is a web site detailing our genealogy research in Massachusetts in 2005 http://www.calcentral.com/~malewis/newworld/home.html

Here's a list of educational resources recommended by WikiTreers in G2G. == Webinars == [https://www.wikitree.com/g2g/333268 Question of the Week: Do you watch genealogy webinars?] === Eowyn’s Webinar! === "WikiTree: Free for All without a Free-for-All", May 24, 2017. Register for free:  http://familytreewebinars.com/webinar_details.php?webinar_id=581 === Webinar Lists === * Calendar at GeneaWebinars – http://blog.geneawebinars.com/p/calendar.html * About.com – http://genealogy.about.com/od/education/tp/genealogy-webinars.htm * Multiple state genealogical and historical societies, the US and UK National Archives, the Family History Library, and various genealogy software vendors like RootsMagic, Legacy, FamilySearch, and Ancestry. Many of them have YouTube sites that let me watch later. * "Attend" conferences virtually by watching their livestream sessions, both free and paid: ** 8-11 February 2017 – RootsTech – https://www.rootstech.org ** 10-13 May 2017 – NGS – http://conference.ngsgenealogy.org/sponsors/livestream === Favorite Webinars === * Legacy Family Tree Webinars – http://familytreewebinars.com – After the live presentation, the recording goes online for free for a week. * FamilySearch – https://familysearch.org/wiki/en/Family_History_Library_Classes_and_Webinars * Lisa Alzo –  http://www.lisaalzo.com/seminars/webinars-for-genealogists == Podcasts == [https://www.wikitree.com/g2g/336140 Question of the Week: Do you listen to genealogy podcasts?] * Ancestral Findings by Will Moneymaker – http://www.ancestralfindings.com * Ben Franklin's World by Liz Covart – http://www.benfranklinsworld.com * Extreme Genes by Scott Fisher – http://extremegenes.com/category/podcast-archive * Family Tree Magazine Podcast by Lisa Louise Cooke – http://www.familytreemagazine.com/info/podcasts * Genealogy Gems by Lisa Louise Cooke – http://genealogygemspodcast.com * Genealogy Guys – http://genealogyguys.com * The Genealogy Professional by Marian Pierre-Louis – http://www.thegenealogyprofessional.com/episodes * The Podcast History of Our World – http://www.podcasthistoryofourworld.com/history-podcasts * It's About Time – http://www.ancestry.com/cs/its-about-time * Twice Removed by [[Jacobs-2987 |AJ Jacobs]] – https://gimletmedia.com/twiceremoved. "You will be filled with delight… or abject horror. You never know. It’s family." * The Forget-Me-Not Hour – http://www.4getmenotancestry.com/radio-show * Stuff You Missed in History Class – http://www.missedinhistory.com/podcasts === Special Interest Podcasts === * [http://www.newnetherlandinstitute.org/history-and-heritage/additional-resources/new-netherland-praatjes/ New Netherland Praatjes] * Florida Frontiers Radio, from the Florida Historical Society –https://myfloridahistory.org/frontiers/radio * Genies Down Under – http://geniesdownunder.com.au – Australian focus * Jennyalogy Podcast – http://jennyalogypodcast.blogspot.com.au – Australian focus * Dead and Buried Podcast – http://www.deadandburiedpodcast.com/dead-and-buried-podcast – Australian focus * A Savory Spotlight – http://www.stitcher.com/podcast/la-talk-radio/a-savory-spotlight – on LAtalkradio == Blogs == [https://www.wikitree.com/g2g/338701 Question of the Week: What draws you to genealogy blogs?] * The Family Connection – http://www.jeaniesgenealogy.com – by Wikitreer Jeanie Thornton * The Genetic Genealogist – http://thegeneticgenealogist.com – by Blaine Bettinger

[[Space:GeneJ_Lists|GeneJ Lists]] ==Follow-up== *[[Space:Trusted_List_Notes|Trusted List Notes]] *[[Bachiler-74|Elizabeth (Bachiler) Way (1581-abt.1665)]] *[[Cooper-696|Elizabeth (Cooper) Smith (1638-1690)]] *[[Space:GeneJ_Follow_Up_-_Gilman_Cooper_Lincoln_and_related|GeneJ Follow Up - Gilman Cooper Lincoln and related]] *[[Space:GeneJ_Most_Wanted_Research|GeneJ Most Wanted Research]] *[[Space:Gene%27s_Sandbox_2|Gene's Sandbox 2]] (error on merge) ==To-Dos== Robert Leach/Mary in New England Marriages. https://www.americanancestors.org/search/database-search?firstname=Robert&lastname=Leach&database=New%20England%20Marriages%20to%201700&searchPage=databasesearch ''The New York Genealogical and Biographical Record'' collection at ''Hathi Trust.'' See https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000522135 Wiltshire Visitation of 1623 by Squibb. See https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/423625?availability=Family%20History%20Library FHL film 1526700, Item 12, DGS 7957317

See Discord, Gilman Crew [[Space:GeneJ_Lists|GeneJ Lists]] [[Space:Notes_on_Cowper-Cooper_of_Hingham_Norfolk%2C_England|Notes on Cowper-Cooper of Hingham Norfolk, England]]
[[Space:Gilman_Wills|Gilman Wills]]
[[Space:Cowper-Cooper_in_Hingham%2C_Norfolk%2C_Parish_Registers|Cowper-Cooper in Hingham, Norfolk, Parish Registers]] Need to add spreadsheets for (1) Wills and (2) Hingham to Hingham Follow up on the tangled mess of [[Cowper-56|Mary (Cowper) Hawkes (1586-abt.1626)]], [[Cowper-57|Thomas Cowper (1550-1620)]], etc. Lincoln, etc. wills in ''The Ancestry of Abraham Lincoln'' .... https://hdl.handle.net/2027/loc.ark:/13960/t6737d699?urlappend=%3Bseq=252 ---- Ann (Browning-5288) — 03/19/2022 JUst found this on Waalt AG v Thwaites STAC 5/A6/27 - C I D - 40 Eliz - Norfolk - AG v Bridget Thwaits, Thomas Cooper, Robert Cooper Examinations taken at Hardingham co Norfolk 25 Sept 40 Eliz before Danyell Rieve DD, Martyn Sidley esq, Thomas Thetford esq [in the case] between William Terrold, Richard Thwaite et al Defs and Edward Cooke AG compl. Interrogatories to be ministered to '''Bridgett Thwaites widdowe''' '''Thomas Cooper yeoman''', '''Robert Cooper yeoman''' on the part of William Terrold, '''Richard Thwaites''' and Thomas Amyas, three of the defs to the information of Edward Cooke AG. Depostion of '''Thomas Cowper of Depeham co Norfolk aged 60''': that he hath heard that there were letters directed to certain knights and esquires in the said county from the lords of HM PC authorizing thaen therby to here and determine all matters of controversy that were then betwene '''Thomas Thwaites of Hardingham and Anthony his eldest sonne'''. see also STAC Thwaits We have a Thwait in a will What was the date on that? Is that Bridget Cowper, daughter of Peter Cooper 1554 and Margaret Cowper 1582. She had brothers named Thomas and Robert. She was unmarried as of 1582 I have the link from Jo for the regnal calculator. Let me check If I did it right, then the year is 1598 Great stuff @Ann (Browning-5288)! I managed to sneak off to the library at lunchtime the other day and grabbed the will of Thomas Cowper the grocer of Attleborough, since you said it might be particularly important. I've just added it to the Google Drive and extracted the following: Thomas the grocer of Attleborough made 23 Sep 1598 Wife Marye (executor) Mother Allice Chambers living in Attleborough Son Thomas (under 22 years) John Mowle (purchased land from him) Son John Daughter Elizabeth Peeter Moore of Hingham (purchased land from him) Richard Hunke and Thomas Curtis (supervisors) Raffe Chambers (witness) Robert Cawdwell (scrivener) Proved '''13 June 1599''' File MS 1669, 1E1 - Indenture: Feoffment. (1) George Cowper alias Cooper of Rollesby, husbandman, son and heir of Thomas Cooper of Norwich, worstead weaver, decd, and grandchild of Thomas Cowper of Attleborough, grocer, decd, and Thomas Cowper of Norwich, woolcomber, younger son of John Cowper of Norwich, tailor, decd. (2) Thomas Colman of Attleborough, grocer, and Mary, his wife. https://nrocatalogue.norfolk.gov.uk/index.php/indenture-feoffment-1-george-cowper-alias-cooper-of-rollesby-husbandman-son-and-heir-of-thomas-cooper-of-norwich-worstead-weaver-decd-and-grandchild-of-thomas-cowper-of-attleborough-grocer-decd-and-thomas-cowper-of-norwich-woolcomber-y

[[X-3336|GeneJ X]]
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Special:Home Scratchpad] ----- ==WikiTree Pages of Interest== ==Bibliographic Notes== ==Research Notes== == Sources == List of GJ WikiTree Things *[[Space:Source_Work|Source Work]] *[[Space:Collaboration Page|Collaboration]] - Kingsbury *[[Space:Collaboration_Page_2-1|Collaboration Page 2-1]] - Samborne *[[Space:Collaboration_Page_3|Collaboration Page 3]] - John Knight *[[Space:Draft_Page_1|Drafts 1]]--Lot Conant Miscellaneous *[[Space:Draft_Page_2|Draft Page 2]]--Lot Conant Miscellaneous *[[Space:Draft_Page_3|Draft Page 3]]--George and Rebecca (Carle) Firestone *[[Space:Draft_Page_4|Draft Page 4]]--Lot Conant *[[Space:Draft_Page_5|Draft Page 5]]--Peter Miller *[[Space:Draft_Page_6|Draft Page 6]]--Carle Corle *[[Space:Draft_Page_7|Draft Page 7]]--Talcott *[[Space:Draft_Page_8|Draft Page 8]]--Samuel Long *[[Space:Draft_Page_9|Draft Page 9]]--William Spooner *[[Space:Draft_Page_10|Draft Page 10]]--Samborne *[[Space:Draft_Page_11|Draft Page 11]]--Robert Long *[[Space:Draft_Page_12|Draft Page 12]]--[[Carver-1346|Richard Carver (abt.1577-abt.1641)]] *[[Space:Draft_Page_13|Draft Page 13]]--Update Thomas Patch *[[Space:Draft_Page_14|Draft Page 14]]--John Lovett *[[Space:Draft_Page_15|Draft Page 15]]--Mary Lovett *[[Space:Draft_Page_16|Draft Page 16]]--work on [[Warham-16|John Warham (bef.1595-1670)]] *[[Space:Draft_Page_17|Draft Page 17]]--Misc PGM - Hannah Jones *[[Space:Draft_Page_18|Draft Page 18]]--Pre [[Chandler-194|Edmund Chandler (abt.1587-aft.1662)]] *[[Space:Draft_Page_19|Draft Page 19]] - Table no header with space *[[Space:Draft_Page_20|Draft Page 20]]--Misc *[[Space:Draft_Page_21|Draft Page 21]]--Nicholas Patch Disputed update. *[[Space:Draft_Page_22|Draft Page 22]]--[[Leach-309|Richard Leach (bef.1619-bef.1687)]] *[[Space:Draft_Page_23|Draft Page 23]]--[[Leach-311|John Leach (bef.1616-aft.1685)]] *[[Space:Draft_Page_24|Draft Page 24]]--Images *[[Space:Draft_Page_25|Draft Page 25]]--Case WIP - Chadwell *[[Space:Draft_Page_26|Draft Page 26]]--Sandie [[Colby-38|Anthony Colby (bef.1605-1661)]] *[[Space:Draft_Page_27|Draft Page 27]] - [[Wainwright-226|Francis Wainwright (abt.1620-1692)]] *[[Space:Draft_Page_28|Draft Page 28]] - (C-Drawer) [[Goodenow-8|Thomas Goodenow (abt.1608-1666)]] and related. *[[Space:Draft_Page_29|Draft Page 29]]--Profile clean up plan for [[Goodenow-8|Thomas Goodenow (abt.1608-1666)]] *[[Space:Draft_Page_30|Draft Page 30]]--Miscellaneous (includes Sandie item) *[[Space:Draft_Page_31|Draft Page 31]]--P1500 Roberts Miscellaneous *[[Space:Draft_Page_32|Draft Page 32]]--Horton *[[Space:Wilkinson_Research_2023|Wilkinson Research 2023]] *[[Space:John_Norman_Research|John Norman Research]] *[[Space:Leach_Research_Miscellaneous|Leach Research Miscellaneous]] *[[Space:Dickinson-Bracy_Notes|Dickinson-Bracy Notes]] *[[Space:Richard_Chadwell_Research|Richard Chadwell Research]] *[[Space:Hill_and_Related_at_Manchester|Hill and Related at Manchester]] *[[Space:Allen_and_Related_at_Manchester|Allen and Related at Manchester]] *[[Space:Thomas_Roberts_Research|Thomas Roberts Research]] *[[Space:Thomas_Roberts_Family_Research|Thomas Roberts Family Research]] *[[Space:William_Roberts_Research|William Roberts Research]] *[[Space:Finne_and_Raymond_Project_Notes|Finne and Raymond Project Notes]] *[[Space:Confessions_to_Rev_Thomas_Shepard|Confessions to Rev Thomas Shepard]] (removed myself) *[[Space:Tenn_Men_of_Saugust|Tenn Men of Saugust]] (removed myself) *[[Space:The_1626_Adventurers_and_Purchasers|The 1626 Adventurers and Purchasers]] (removed myself) *[[Space:1627_Division_of_Cattle|1627 Division of Cattle]] (removed myself) *[[Space:Norfolk_County%2C_Massachusetts_Bay_Notes|Norfolk (old) County, Massachusetts Bay Colony Notes]] *[[Space:Notes_on_The_Records_of_the_First_Church_of_Boston|Notes on The Records of the First Church of Boston]] *[[Space:Early_Records_of_Boston_-_Notes|Early Records of Boston - Notes]] *[[Space:West_-_Horton_Noes|West - Horton Notes]] *[[Space:Henry_Beach_Horton_Ancestry_Notes|Henry Beach Horton Ancestry Notes]] *[[Space:Some_Butler_Research_Notes|Some Butler Research Notes]] *[[Space:Patch_of_Beverly_Other_Notes|Patch of Beverly Other Notes]] *[[Space:Thomas_Patch_Research|Thomas Patch Research 2022]] *[[Space:Patch_in_Essex_County_Records_and_Files|Patch in Essex County Records and Files]] *[[Space:Pearce_Notes|Pearce Notes]] *[[Space:Presbury_Presson_Preston_Notes|Presbury Presson Preston Notes]] *[[Space:FindAGrave_Notes|FindAGrave Notes]] *[[Space:FindAGrave_Suggestions_GeneJ|FindAGrave Suggestions GeneJ]] *[[Space:Clark_of_Rumney_Research|Clark of Rumney Research]] *[[Space:Presson_Preston_Vital_Record_Surveys|Presson Preston Vital Record Surveys]] *[[Space:Essex_County_contemporaries%2C_both_David_Presson|Essex County contemporaries, both David Presson]] *[[Space:Leach_Baptisms_at_Salem|Leach Baptisms at Salem]] *[[Space:Presson_Preston%2C_Sorting_out_the_Thomas_Prestons|Presson Preston, Sorting out the Thomas Prestons]] *[[Space:D_Preston-S_Poland_FindAGrave_Notes|D Preston-S Poland FindAGrave Notes]] *[[Space:Sarah_Foulks_Cline_and_related_FindAGrave_Notes|Sarah (____) Foulks Cline and related FindAGrave Notes]] *[[Space:Poland_Research|Poland Family Research]] *[[Space:Some_Pierce_of_Essex_County_Research|Some Pierce of Essex County Research]] *[[Space:Pearce_Notes|Pearce Notes]] (merged into above) *[[Space:Some_Roberts_of_Essex_County_Research|Some Roberts of Essex County Research]] *[[Space:Notes_on_Williams_at_Essex_County|Notes on Williams at Essex County]] *[[Space:Long-Phillips-Skinner_Notes_2022|Long-Phillips-Skinner Notes 2022]] *[[Space:Perley%27s_%27%27in_1700%27%27_series|Perley's ''in 1700'' series]] *[[Space:GeneJ-PGM|GeneJ-PGM]] *[[Space:Gene_-_Stuff|Gene - Stuff]] (empty) *[[Space:Gene%27s_list_of_things|Gene's list of things]] *[[Space:Testing_WikiMedia|Testing WikiMedia]] *[[Space:GeneJ_Follow_Up|GeneJ Follow Up]]

'''Compiled Source images of [[Welch-272|Ruth V. Welch's]] Charts and Family Data Sheets'''
[[Longwell-84|Kenalea (Longwell) Johnson]] recieved these documents from her [[Welch-272|'Aunt Ruth']]. This page is intended to be used as a sort of "document vault" to easily connect [[Welch-272|Aunt Ruth's]] valuable research efforts to the pertinent WikiTree profiles.

"My Great Aunt, Ruth Vera Welch did extensive research on her ancestors. I have given this data to WikiTree to help others in getting documented data for their connections to ancestors."
-[[Longwell-84|'''Kenalea Ruth Longwell''']] 24 March 2015

''To include any of these source images in the biography of a profile, simply copy and paste the text below the image into the desired profile.''
==Thomas Hawthorne== {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-1.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-1.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=Thomas Hawthorne }}}} {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=Thomas Hawthorne Back }}}} ---- ==John Hawthorne== {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-2.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-2.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=John Hawthorne }}}} {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-3.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-3.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=John Hawthorne Back }}}} ---- ==James Hawthorne== {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-4.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-4.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=James Hawthorne }}}} {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-5.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-5.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=James Hawthorne Back }}}} ---- ==DH Hawthorne== {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-6.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-6.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=DH Hawthorne }}}} {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-7.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-7.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=DH Hawthorne Back }}}} ---- ==Minnie V. Seawright== {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-8.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-8.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=Minnie V. Seawright 1 }}}} {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-9.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-9.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=Minnie V. Seawright 2 }}}} {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-10.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-10.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=Minnie V. Seawright 3 }}}} ---- ==John Esq Seawright== {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-11.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-11.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=John Esq Seawright }}}} {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-12.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-12.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=John Esq Seawright Back }}}} ---- ==James Seawright== {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-13.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-13.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=James Seawright 1 }}}} {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-14.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-14.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=James Seawright 2 }}}} {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-15.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-15.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=James Seawright Front }}}} {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-16.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-16.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=James Seawright Back }}}} ---- ==Andrew Seawright== {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-17.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-17.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=Andrew Seawright 1712 }}}} {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-18.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-18.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=Andrew Seawright Front }}}} {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-19.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-19.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=Andrew Seawright Back }}}} ---- ==Liles Welch== {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-20.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-20.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=Liles Welch }}}} {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-21.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-21.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=Liles Welch Back }}}} ---- ==John Liles Welch== {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-22.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-22.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=John Liles Welch }}}} ---- ==JA Welch== {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-24.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-24.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=JA Welch }}}} {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-25.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-25.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=JA Welch Back }}}} ---- ==Jas A Welch== {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-26.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-26.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=Jas A Welch }}}} ---- ==James Able Welch Family Group== {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-28.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-28.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=James Able Welch Family Group Sheet page 1 }}}} ---- ==Alex Richey== {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-23.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-23.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=Alex Richey}}}} ---- ==James Richey Sr.== {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-29.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-29.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=James Richey Sr.}}}} {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-30.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-30.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=James Richey Sr. back}}}} ---- ==Robert Richey== {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-31.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-31.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=Robert Richey}}}} {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-32.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-32.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=Robert Richey back}}}} ---- ==William Richey== {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-33.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-33.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=William Richey}}}} {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-34.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-34.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=William Richey back}}}} ---- ==Letter William B Mauldin to Ruth Vera Welch== {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-11.png |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-11.png |align=c |size=l |caption=Wlm. B. Mauldin Ltr p.1 }}}} {{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-27.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption={{Image|file=Geneological_Charts_of_Ruth_V_Welch-27.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=Wlm. B. Mauldin Ltr p.2 }}}} {{Clear}}

Geneology of the Eli Martin Current Family and His Descendants by Letha Lile. Published by the Author in 1970. Posted by her grandson Lawrence Lile.

Genology research by Ivar Walter Rundgren Jr born Sep 4 1930 in Passaic NJ son of Ivar Waldemar and Inez Alice Karlsson Rundgren presenting the descendants of Frans Elof Rundgren. In possession of Lori Curtis Downs, Plymouth Ma. For info contact Loriannedowns563@gmail.com

=== Bill of Indictment against John P. Waters March 1809=== "John P Waters Betsy Culloms Adultery & Fornication March term 1809 Geo Lewis ???? Jenny Loggins Wm Abshare Sworn & sent Wm B Lenoir Clk A True Bill Allen Robinett Foreman State of North Carolina Wilkes County – Superior Court of law March term 1809 The Jurors for the state upon their oath present that John P. Waters, late of the County of Wilkes, labourer, and Betsy Cullom, late of the same, spinster, being persons of evil and immoral habits and regard less of the laws of God and man on the first day of February in the year of our Lord one thousand and eight hundred and nine, and on diverse days as well before and afterwards with force and arms, in the county aforesaid, were living together in habitual fornication adultery, and that said John P Waters took the said Betsy Culloms into his house and that they have had one child ?? parting, to the evil example of all others in like case offending, contrary to the form of the act of assembly in such case made and provided, against the peace and dignity of the state and the Jurors aforesaid upon their oath aforesaid do further present that the said John P Waters and Betsy Culloms, on the said first day of February in the said year [over] and on diverse days and times as well before as afterwards, with force and arms in the said County, did and cohabit together after the manner of husband and wife, whereas in the truth and in fact they have never been legally married, to the evil example of all other in like case offending, contrary to the form of the act of assembly in such case made and provided, and against the peace and dignity of State. M. Troy solicitor"
"General Assembly, Session Records", North Carolina Department of Archives and History, Raleigh, North Carolina. ERIT, University Libraries, UNCG, "Digital Library on American Slavery," database and images, Race and Slavery Petitions Project (https://www.uncg.edu); http://library.uncg.edu/slavery/petitions/details.aspx?pid=789.Taken by Christian Eckman in 2015. === Petition written by John P. Waters (filed 18 Dec 1809) === (All spelling and punctuation left as it is in the original document.)
Dec 1809
The Honourable the General assembly of North Carolina. The petition of John P Waters of Wilkes County humbly represent, to your Honble Body, that about forteen years ago your petitioner did take into his house a Certain Elisabeth Culms a woman of colour, and by the strict attention of the said Elisabeth, to our petitioners concerns he became attached to the s.d Elisabeth in such a manner that, your petitioner did Intend to make her his lawfull wife, but being informed that such a connection would be Illegal it was from time to time defered to the present day. In the mean while an Intimacy took place which appeared Irresistable, the fruits of which has been six fine children. here your petitioner begs leave to state that he is a very poor man, and being desirous to bring up his said children as decently as in his powers and educate them. It has required his hole time to hard labour and Industry with that of the said Elisabeth his only companion. But envy and Malice has at last seized on the heart of a neighbour who gave our Solisitor Information of my unfortunate situation and manner of living, who profered a Bill of Inditement against your petitioner & the s.d Elisabeth for living together in an unlawful manner and at the last, day of September Term 1809, your petitioner with the said Elisabeth did appear in court and acknowledged the allegation set fourth in the Bill of Inditement to be true and submitted the sentence of the court. The Honble Judge Lawrie then and their did preside, and fined your petitioner Twenty five pounds and the said Elisabeth Culmes Twenty five pounds also, here let me beg leave again to state the small pittanns I possess, if the hole was exposed to publick sail would not be a sufficiency to Discharge the above fines and costs, and notwithstanding a thorough conviction of the unlawfull & Irrellegious manner in which your petitioner has and does live in the eyes of all good men, he is from the love he bares his said little children and their kind mother, still desirous to keep them together to do a fatherly and Husbands part by them, as time or circumstance can not alienate them from him, your petitioner therefore prayeth that your Honourable body may take his case under your even consideration and remit the aforesaid fines of fifty pounds or grant him such other relief as you in your wisdom may think fit and be as in duty bound will we pray.
"General Assembly, Session Records", North Carolina Department of Archives and History, Raleigh, North Carolina. ERIT, University Libraries, UNCG, "Digital Library on American Slavery," database and images, Race and Slavery Petitions Project (https://www.uncg.edu); http://library.uncg.edu/slavery/petitions/details.aspx?pid=789. [[Waters-7647|John Phillip Waters (abt.1770-)]] [[Cullom-151|Elisabeth (Cullom) Waters (abt.1775-abt.1813)]]

A quite successful Halifax privateer ship under the command of a Liverpool captain. She was originally an American built-privateer intended to be sold to the French or Spanish and sailed against the British. However she was captured on her first voyage and bought by a small group of Halifax merchants, who renamed her after the commander of the Halifax garrision. :Crew: 80 :Tonnage: 135 :Rig: full rigged ship :Prizes Taken: 7 :Armament: 14 guns (6 pdrs.) :Captains: Thomas Burnaby :Homeport: Halifax :Letter of Marque Issued: Dec. 20, 1800 :Owners: William & John Woodins, James Creighton Jr. :Built: August 1800 in Salisbury, Massachusetts as Brutus. Captured by Halifax privateer schooner Earl of Dublin and renamed General Bowyer in November, 1800. Sources: Conlin, A Private War[http://www.chebucto.ns.ca/~jacktar/bowyer.html] Crew: :Baldwin - captain General Bowyer 1803 :[[Bearse-280|Barss, David]] - sailing master General Bowyer 1801 :Burnaby, Thomas - captain & part owner General Bowyer 1801 :Creighton, James Jnr. - part owner General Bowyer 1800 :Creighton, James Jnr. - part owner General Bowyer 1801 :Duffus, William - part owner General Bowyer 1801 :Etter, Benjamin part owner - General Bowyer 1801 :Godfrey, Alexander - captain General Bowyer 1800 :Godfrey, Alexander - part owner General Bowyer 1801 :Howell, John Bold - General Bowyer 1801 :McNutt, Joseph - captain General Bowyer 1800 :McNutt, Joseph - commander General Bowyer 1801 :Murray, Mathew - 2nd Lieutenant General Bowyer 1801 :Rudolph, David part owner General Bowyer 1801 :Smith, Stephen captain General Bowyer 1801 :Smith, Stephen part owner General Bowyer 1801 :Van Amburg, Gideon General Bowyer 1801 :Woodin, James part owner General Bowyer 1801 :Woodin, John part owner General Bowyer 1800 :Woodin, John part owner General Bowyer 1801 :Woodin, William part owner General Bowyer 1800 :Woodin, William part owner General Bowyer 1801

== GENERAL GENEALOGY BIBLIOGRAPHY: == Here are some good resources to researchers begin tracing their family history. Be sure to read these classics:. # The American Genealogical Research Institute, '''How to Trace Your Family Tree''', Dolphin Books, Doubleday & Co., Inc.Garden City, New York. 1973. Paperback. # Baxter, Angus '''In Search of Your European Roots:. A Complete Guide to Tracing Your Ancestors in Every Country in Europe''', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore. 1988 # Bertalan, Dr. John J., '''A Survey of Major Genealogical Holdings in the State of Florida 1988-1989'''. Published by the State of Florida. 1990 # Carmack, Sharon Debartolo. '''You Can Write Your Family History''' [Paperback] 2008. # Crandall, Dr. Ralph, '''Shaking Your Family Tree-A Basic Guide to Tracing Your Family's Genealogy''',.. Yankee Publishing, Inc. c. 1986 # '''Creating Keepsakes. Scrapbooking Your Family History: The Ultimate Workbook''' (Leisure Arts #4295) [Paperback] 2007. # Everton Publishers, Inc., '''The Genealogical Helper Magazine'''. Everton Publishers, Inc., P.O. Box 368, Logan, Utah. 84321 #.Fleming, Ann Carter. '''The Organized Family Historian: How to File, Manage, and Protect Your Genealogical Research and Heirlooms''' (National Genealogical Society Guides) [Paperback] 2004. # Kemp, Thomas J. '''Vital Records Handbook'''. # Kemp,Thomas J., '''International Vital Records Handbook'''. # Powell, Kimberly., '''The Everything Guide to Online Genealogy: A complete resource to using the Web to trace your family history''' (Everything Series) # Rose, Christine, '''Courthouse Research for Family Historians: Your Guide to Genealogical Treasures''' 2004. # Smith, Drew, '''Social Networking for Genealogists'''. 2009 . # Smith, Juliana Szucs. '''The Ancestry Family Historian's Address Book''' [2nd Edition] by Juliana Szucs Smith [Paperback] 2003. # Stratton, Eugene A., '''Applied Genealogy''', Ancestry, Inc. 1988. # Westin, Jean Eddy '''Finding Your Roots''', Ballentine Books. New York. 1977. == Return to: == * TOP OF PAGE - https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:GENERAL_GENEALOGY_BIBLIOGRAPHIES == Acknowledgements == This website written by: Sharon Centanne, Genealogy Research Instructor and Internet Trainer This page updated by [[Troy-204]] August 25, 2020

From Hunter, C. L., [http://www.worldcat.org/title/sketches-of-western-north-carolina-historical-and-biographical-illustrating-principally-the-revolutionary-period-of-mecklenburg-rowan-lincoln-and-adjoining-counties-accompanied-with-miscellaneous-information/oclc/97749&referer=brief_results '''''Sketches Of Western North Carolina, Historical And Biographical'''''], Baltimore, Regional Pub. Co., 1970. General Griffith Rutherford General Griffith Rutherford was an Irishman by birth, brave and patriotic, but uncultivated in mind and manners. He resided west of Salisbury, in the Locke settlement, and actively participated in the internal government of the county, associated with such early and distinguished patriots as Moses Winslow, Alexander Osborn, Samuel Young, John Brevard, James Brandon, William Sharpe, Francis McCorkle, and others. He represented Rowan county in the Provincial Congress which met at Halifax on the 4th of April, 1776, and during this session he received the appointment of Brigadier General of the "Salisbury District." Near the close of the summer of 1776, he raised and commanded an army of two thousand four hundred men against the Cherokee Indians. After being reinforced by the Guilford Regiment, under Colonel James Martin, and by the Surry Regiment under Colonel Martin Armstrong, at Fort McGahey, General Rutherford crossed the "Blue Ridge," or Alleghany mountains, at Swannanoa Gap, near the western base of which the beautiful Swannanoa river ("nymph of beauty") takes its rise. After reaching the French Broad he passed down and over that stream at a crossing-place which to this day bears the name of the "War Ford." He then passed up the valley of "Hominy Creek," leaving Pisgah Mountain on the left, and crossed Pigeon River a little below the mouth of East Fork. He then passed through the mountains to Richland Creek, above the present town of Waynesville; ascended the creek and crossed the Tuckasege River at an Indian town. Pursuing his course, he crossed the Cowee Mountain, where he had a small engagement with the enemy, in which one of his men was wounded. As the Indians carried off their dead and wounded, their loss could not be ascertained. Thence he marched to the "Middle Towns," on the Tennessee river, where, on the 14th of September, he met General Williamson with troops from South Carolina on the same mission of subduing the Indians. In skirmishes at Valley Town, Ellajay, and near Franklin, General Rutherford lost three men, but he completely subdued the Indians. He then returned home by the same route, since known as "Rutherford's Trace." The Rev. James Hall, of Iredell county, accompanied this expedition as chaplain. The uniforms of the officers and men was a hunting-shirt of domestic, trimmed with cotton: their arms were rifles, and "none knew better how to use them". Many of the hardy sons of the west there experienced their first essay in arms, and their bravery was nobly maintained afterwards at King's Mountain, the Cowpens, and elsewhere in the South. General Rutherford commanded a brigade in the battle of Camden, (16th of August, 1780), and was there made a prisoner. After he was exchanged he again took the field, and commanded the expedition which marched by way of Cross Creek (now Fayetteville) to Wilmington, when that place, on his approach, was evacuated by the British, near the close of the war. He frequently represented Rowan county in the Senate during and subsequent to the war, showing the high appreciation in which his services were held by the people. Shortly after his last service in 1786, he joined the strong tide of emigration to Tennessee, where his well-earned fame and experience in governmental matters had preceded him. The Knoxville "Gazette" of the 6th of September, 1794, contains the following announcement: :On Monday last the General Assembly of this territory commenced their session in this town. General Rutherford long distinguished for his services in the Legislature of North Carolina, is appointed President of the Legislative Council General Rutherford died in Tennessee near the beginning of the present century, at a good old age, and it is to be regretted more has not been preserved of his life and services.

* Record of Amos Small purchasing 40 acres from the government.[[#GLO|Amos Small (Grant County, Indiana), State Volume Patent no. IN1440__.338 Land Patent Search, images, General Land Office Records (www.glorecords.blm.gov/search/default.aspx : accessed 15 Jun 2019).]] {{Image|file=Small-3959-9.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=The patent for NE1/4SW1/4 of Section 30 in Township 24N of Range 8E of the District of Lands subject to sale at Fort Wayne, Indiana. }} * Record of Amos Small purchasing a second 40 acres from the government:[[#GLO|Amos Small (Grant County, Indiana), State Volume Patent no. IN1470__.219 Land Patent Search, images, General Land Office Records (www.glorecords.blm.gov/search/default.aspx : accessed 15 Jun 2019).]] {{Image|file=Small-3959-10.jpg |align=d |size=l |caption=The patent for NE1/4SW1/4 of Section 17 of Township 24N in Range 8E of the District of Lands subject to sale at Fort Wayne, Indiana. }} * Record of Amos Small purchasing 80 acres from the government.[[#GLO|Amos Small (Grant County, Indiana), State Volume Patent no. IN1500__.184 Land Patent Search, images, General Land Office Records (www.glorecords.blm.gov/search/default.aspx : accessed 15 Jun 2019).]] {{Image|file=Small-3959-11.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=The patent for W1/2SE1/4 of Section 10 of Township 24N in Range 8E of the District of Lands subject to sale at Fort Wayne, Indiana. }} * Record of Amos Small purchasing a second 80 acres from the government.[[#GLO|Amos Small (Grant County, Indiana), State Volume Patent no. IN3700__.142 Land Patent Search, images, General Land Office Records (www.glorecords.blm.gov/search/default.aspx : accessed 15 Jun 2019).]] {{Image|file=Small-3959-12.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=The patent for E1/2NW1/4 of Section 28 in Township 24N of Range 7E of the District of Lands subject to sale at Fort Wayne, Indiana. }} ==Sources== Also see: * [http://www.glorecords.blm.gov/search/default.aspx General Land Office Search, Bureau of Land Management, US Department of Interior]

==Family of John Robertson and Elizabeth (Stewart) Robertson== Daughter Jessie/Janet Robertson * Information from death record. Son '''Robert Robertson''' * birth record 30 Apr 1837 Perth, Perthshire * "Scotland Births and Baptisms, 1564-1950", , FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VQHR-5TY : 11 February 2020), Robert Robertson, 1837. Daughter''' Helen (Robertson) McDonald''' (abt 1843-1919) * marriage record: "Scotland Marriages, 1561-1910", database, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XY3G-DJ4 : 22 December 2023), Helen Robertson in entry for Angus McDonald, 1858. ** More detail (from viewing on Ancestry): Groom: 26 yrs, father Alexander McDonald, labourer. mother: Grace McDonald (maiden name Robertson). Bride: 15 yrs, father John Robertson gamekeeper, mother Betsy Robertson (m.s. Stewart). Minister: Atholl (?) Stewart, Witnesses Duncan Stewart, William Stewart. Witnesses for bride's mark: Atholl Stewart and Peter Robertson. *"Statutory registers Deaths" database, National Records of Scotland, ScotlandsPeople (https://www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk/: accessed 26 Nov 2023),1919, Helen McDonald/Robertson, Blair Atholl, 334 / 15, 75 yrs, father John Robertson. mother Betsy Robertson (m.s. not given). A possible census record for Elizabeth and the children in 1841. It contains children Janet, Robert, and Helen. But the mother's forename isn't given, the names are very common and the ages for Helen and Robert are off by a couple years. *Free UK Genealogy "Scottish General Register Office: 1841 Census Returns database", FreeCEN (https://www.freecen.org.uk/search_records/60ea4bb0f493fd786325c783 : accessed 26 Dec 2023) [data about Robert ROBERTSON in household of (Mrs) ROBERTSON]; citing Piece: 387 Place: Perth Enumeration District: 7 Civil Parish: Per East Chrch-Lndwd Ecclesiastical Parish: Perth - East Church Folio: 9 Page: 7 Schedule: Address: Bank Head Burg Muir. **ROBERTSON (Mrs) F 35 Perthshire **ROBERTSON Isibila F 12 Perthshire **ROBERTSON Jannet F 8 Perthshire **Robert M 6 Perthshire **ROBERTSON Donald M 3 Perthshire **ROBERTSON Hellen F 3 Unknown Where born not enumerated. ==Family of Charles Robertson and Elizabeth (Petrie) Robinson== *1826 Marriage: "Scotland Marriages, 1561-1910", , FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XY3D-QJS : 11 February 2020), Charles Robertson, 1826. Children based on Kirkmichael Parish baptisms: * JEAN 19/12/1826 *JAMES 28/10/1828 *JANET 12/03/1831 * JOHN 29/08/1833 *ALEXANDER 29/04/1836 * CHARLES 28/02/1839 *DONALD 01/02/1843 * CLARK 14/10/1846 *Free UK Genealogy "Scottish General Register Office: 1841 Census Returns database", FreeCEN (https://www.freecen.org.uk/search_records/59045ea2e9379091b10cb520 : accessed 26 Dec 2023) [data about Charles ROBERTSON in household of Charles ROBERTSON]; citing Piece: 370 Place: Kirkmichael Enumeration District: 2 Civil Parish: Kirkmichael Ecclesiastical Parish: - Folio: 2 Page: 5 Schedule: Address: Balnakeilly. **ROBERTSON Charles M 45 Ag Lab Perthshire **ROBERTSON Elisabeth F 35 Perthshire **ROBERTSON John M 7 Perthshire **ROBERTSON Alexr M 5 Perthshire **ROBERTSON Charles M 2 Perthshire *1851 Scotland Census [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006. Parish: Kirkmichael; ED: 2; Page: 3; Line: 1; Roll: CSSCT1851_77; Year: 1851 **Charles Robertson 56 **Elisabeth Robertson 48 **Charles Robertson 12 **Donald Robertson 9 **Clerk Robertson 5 **James Petrie 89 Father-in-law *"Scotland Census, 1861", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VBHS-J8S : Wed Dec 06 15:35:50 UTC 2023), Entry for Charles Robertson and Elizabeth Robertson, 1861. ** Charles Robertson 66 Perthshire ** Elizabeth Robertson Wife 57 Perthshire **Alexander Robertson 24 Perthshire **Charles Robertson Son 22 Perthshire ** Jane D Robertson F 6 Perthshire *' "Statutory registers Deaths" database, National Records of Scotland, ScotlandsPeople (https://www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk/: index accessed 26 Dec 2023),1865, Charles Robertson, Kirkmichael (Perth), 370 / 1 / 12, 70 yrs, mother's maiden surname Robertson. * Scotland Census 1871, Blairgowrie, Perthshire, 20 George Street ED 3, Household schedule number 21, Line 9 Roll CSSCT1871_61 **Elizabeth Robertson 68 Kirkmichael, Perthshire, Formerly Domestic Servant **James Robertson 42 Kirkmichael, Perthshire Shepherd **Mary Robertson 10 Clemer, Perthshire Niece *' "Statutory registers Deaths" database, National Records of Scotland, ScotlandsPeople (https://www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk/: index accessed 26 Dec 2023),1877, Elizabeth Robertson/Petrie, Kirkmichael (Perth), 335 / 21, 73 yrs, mother's maiden surname Reid.

This is a page of photos I want to save but which don't yet link with people on my tree

The General Society of the War of 1812, commonly known as the Society of the War of 1812, is a patriotic organization headquartered in Aberdeen, New Jersey. The Maryland Society of the War of 1812 was organized on September 14, 1814 in Baltimore, Maryland. The Pennsylvania Society of the War of 1812 was organized on January 9, 1854 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. On April 14, 1894, the Maryland and Pennyslvania societies met at Philadelphia to organize a general society. The General Society has since increased to 33 State Societies. The society admits men who are lineal descendants of American veterans who served during the War of 1812.

== General Merchandise Store in Ost, Kansas == The General Merchandise Store in Ost, Kansas was built about 1875. It likely started out as a trading post and later served as a general merchandise & grocery store. Over the years it was also a post office, a farm implement store, and was always the community gathering place. It was across the road from the St Joseph Catholic Church, and was one of the few buildings in town. {{Image|file=Kruse-1758-2.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption= Ost, Kansas residents pose on the front porch of the John Buscher General Merchandise Store about 1894. (L to R): unidentified, Clara (Fisher), Fred Ast, unidentified, Elizabeth Buscher holding daughter Katherine, John Buscher holding John Jr, Sebastian Bugner, Rev. Loevenich, and unidentified. }} {{Image|file=Hilger-186-4.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption= The General Merchandise Store in Ost, Kansas, pictured in 1909 when MJ Hilger owned it. }} {{Image|file=Kruse-1758-3.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=Double wedding picture in front of the General Merchandise Store in Ost, Ks, 1909. From l to r: Rosa Erker, Joe Hilger, Frances Erker, Herman Hilger.}} {{Image|file=Kruse-1758-4.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=The store in Ost, Kansas around 1911 when Joe & Matilda Kraus owned it. The photo was taken from inside the fenced church yard. The words General Merchandise can be seen on the right store front. Horses, buggies, as well as automobiles are parked in front of the building and on both sides of the dirt road.}} {{Image|file=Kruse-1758-5.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=The store in Ost, Kansas around 1910. Two men are standing near a "fancy car", a driver and Rev. Grueter riding in the back can also be seen.}} The store was owned and/or operated by:
[[Ast-14|Frederick Ast]], {Postmaster April 29, 1884} who was a founding pioneer & member of Ost and Saint Joseph parish, may have owned the land & built the store around 1875, and possibly ran it for a number of years, from the late 1870s to the mid 1880s.
[[Mund-141|John Mund]] and family, who built & ran a store in nearby Saint Marks from 1878 to 1886, moved over & operated the Ost store from around 1886 to 1892. John's daughter Elizabeth married John Buscher, and they purchased the business in 1892.
[[Buscher-228|John & Elizabeth Buscher]] ran the store from 1892 to about 1896,One Hundred Years, St. Joseph Parish, 1880-1980, Lampe, Roberta, Josten's American Yearbook Company, Topeka Kansas. From the Saint Josephs Church website, St Joe Centennial Book, part 1 (https://sjost.com/component/fileman/file/documents/Centennial%20Book%20Part%201%20of%203%20Pam%20May.pdf?routed=1&container=fileman-files) when they sold it to
[[Schlim-48|Joseph & Mary Schlim]]. They operated it from about 1896 to about 1907.The Barton County Democrat (Great Bend, Kansas) Thursday, October 15, 1896 (https://www.newspapers.com/image/168428748/?match=1&clipping_id=127268148) The Saturday Evening Kansas Commoner (Wichita, Kansas) Thursday, June 02, 1904 (https://www.newspapers.com/image/382866144/?match=1&clipping_id=127553476)
[[Ast-167|John & Elizabeth Ast]] bought it and ran it from 1907 to 1909
[[Hilger-186|MJ & Kate Hilger]], from early 1909 to late 1909The Hutchinson Wholesaler (Hutchinson, Kansas) · Saturday, January 29, 1910 (https://kansashistoricalopencontent.newspapers.com/image/427578776/?match=1&clipping_id=127285691)The Hutchinson Gazette (Hutchinson, Kansas) · Saturday, January 29, 1910 (https://kansashistoricalopencontent.newspapers.com/image/418893985/?match=1&clipping_id=127285799),
[[Halfmann-68|Tony & Katie Halfmann]], from late 1909 to 1910, and
[[Kraus-1446|Joseph & Matilda Kraus]] from 1910 to 1913
Joseph Hilger from 1913 to 1918 (Not sure which Joseph Hilger this is, but likely [[Hilger-300|Joe Hilger]] or [[Hilger-134|Joseph Hilger]].
back to [[Kraus-1446|Joseph & Matilda Kraus]] 1918-1919, sold to
[[Leis-164|George & Sophia Leis]], 1919-1920.
Farmers Implement Company owned it from 1920 to 1922
[[Krebsbach-103|Joseph & Barbara Krebsbach]], bought it in 1922 who sold it 5 days later to
[[Pelz-105|John & Caroline Pelz]], & they ran it from about 1922 thru 1955. NEW INFORMATION : sale of goods in 1914: (https://www.newspapers.com/image/76997198/?terms=%22%20ost%2C%20kansas%20%22%20&match=1) sale in 1916: (https://www.newspapers.com/image/484683958/?terms=%22%20ost%2C%20kansas%20%22%20&match=1) The Postmaster appointments for the Ost Post Office were:National Archives Catalog, Postmaster Appointments for Reno County, Kansas, pages 3, 6, and 8 (https://catalog.archives.gov/id/78742032?objectPage=3) (https://catalog.archives.gov/id/78742032?objectPage=6) (https://catalog.archives.gov/id/78742032?objectPage=8)
Matthew Bohr, appointed Postmaster on March 3, 1882
Christopher Thomas, appointed Postmaster on October 23, 1883
[[Ast-14|Frederick Ast]], appointed Postmaster on April 29, 1884
[[Mund-141|John Mund]], appointed Postmaster on January 27, 1888
[[Buscher-228|John Buscher]], appointed Postmaster on October 15, 1894
[[Schlim-48|Joseph Schlim]], appointed Postmaster on June 27, 1896
[[Ast-167|John Ast, Jr]] , appointed Postmaster on May 21, 1907
Bernhard Eilers, appointed Postmaster on March 5, 1909
[[Hilger-186|Mathias J Hilger]], appointed Postmaster on August 26, 1909
[[Halfmann-68|Tony Halfmann]], appointed Postmaster on January 28, 1910 The Ost post office was then closed on February 28, 1911 and moved to Mount Hope Post Office. {{Image|file=Kruse-1758-7.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=An empty store in Ost, Kansas, about 1960 to 1970. }} {{Image|file=Kruse-1758-1.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption= The general store in Ost, Kansas in 1976, with Sister Georgiana Heimerman & Caroline Pelz. In 1977 it was donated to the Wichita Historical Society, and was dismantled in July of 1978. It was to be preserved for future generations to see at the Old Cowtown Museum in Wichita, Ks, however, during transport to Wichita the building fell apart and was never rebuilt.The Wichita Beacon (Wichita, Kansas) Monday, November 15, 1976 (https://www.newspapers.com/image/696127097/?clipping_id=127303968) The Wichita Eagle (Wichita, Kansas) Sunday, January 09, 1977 (https://www.newspapers.com/image/696334123/?match=1&clipping_id=127301006)One Hundred Years, St. Joseph Parish, 1880-1980, Lampe, Roberta, Josten's American Yearbook Company, Topeka Kansas. From the Saint Josephs Church website, St Joe Centennial Book, part 2, page 81 (https://sjost.com/component/fileman/file/documents/Centennial%20Book%20Part%202%20of%203%20Pam%20May.pdf?routed=1&container=fileman-files) "The store in Ost was donated to Cowtown to be refinished and opened as our general store. However, during the building’s move to Cowtown it collapsed, rendering it unusable. Cowtown then continued its search for a general store building and acquired our current building from Garden Plain, KS built in 1884." (Email conversation with James Vannurden, Curator at Old Cowtown Museum in Wichita, Ks. 9/15/2023)}} == Sources ==

*Placed on here as Gilmore-1648 was generating a database suggestion 801 Big Profile Generation 1 1. John1 Gilmore I was born ca. 1690 in Ireland or Scotland (?)1, and died 19 October 1759 in Kerrs Creek, Augusta Co. VA. He married Agnes Anderson ca. 1709 in Ireland2. She was born ca. 1690 in Ireland (?), and died 19 October 1759 in Kerrs Creek, Augusta Co. VA. Some researchers claim John's parents were Thomas Gilmore and his wife, Marion Sterling, but this has not been verified, and the only source found dates to an unverifed statement by a descendant. Irish genealogist Brian Mitchell reported to Rhonda Howard that at the time of the Hearth Money Rolls of 1663 (which was a tax raised for every hearth or fireplace in a house) the database recorded five Gilmore households in County Derry, Ireland. In his search of Irish records, Mr. Mitchell, a professional genealogist, found no evidence providing a link from any of these families to John Gilmore of Kerr's Creek. Scotch Irish Pioneers in Ulster and America by Charles Bolton, states that the Session Book of Aghadowey Presbyterian Church, County Londonderry of 26 January 1703 records the provision of a grant of 1 shilling to a John Gilmore. (Source courtesy of Rhonda Howard. ) Again, there is no proof of any specific connection with our Gilmores of Virginia. John and his family were descended from members of a large group of Scots who left the Lowlands of Scotland to settle in the English Plantation of Ulster in Northern Ireland beginning in 1610. They were part of England's plan to replace the Irish in Ireland with people England hoped were more pliant. After failing to find enough Englishmen willing to settle the plantation, King James directed that Scots --only those from the Lowlands, as it was thought they were more placid than their Highlander cousins-- were solicited. However the Lowland Scots saw themselves as "a people set apart", and while their politics and culture were Scottish, their religion (Presbyterian) was not necessarily compatible with either the Highlander and Irish "papists" or with the King's Church of England. By the 1700s, economic, social, religious and political problems through several changes in the power structure in England finally resulted in many of the Scots returning to Scotland, but a large number of families emigrated to America. Reports of cheap, rich land, religious freedom, and no compulsory tithes attracted increasing waves of emigrants, with at least 5,000 Scots-Irish migrating to Pennsylvania in the year 1717. The Gilmores arrived in America sometime before 1730, joining the Scots-Irish settlements of Penn's colony. Initially, the Quakers welcomed them, happy to have new settlements between themselves and the Indians, but as more and more of these staunchly Presbyterian people arrived cultural differences between them and their hosts became more obvious. By 1732 there was enough distrust between the Scots and Penn's Quakers to cause many of the Scots to move on, following the river valleys westward and south to the Valley of Virginia, where they again settled close to one another as groups related by blood, culture and religion have always done. It's of interest to note that when the Highland Scots immigrated, most settled in North Carolina and not among the Presbyterian Scots-Irish. Starting as roughneck pioneers, living in their wagons until log cabins were built and contending with unfriendly Indians, they became in a short time, owners of large plantations, and --unfortunately-- slave owners. They fought in Dunsmore's War, the Revolution and the War of 1812 to protect their new land. By the time of the Civil War, descendants of John and Agness Gilmore could be found on both sides during the Battle of Gettysburg, and while Tom Gilmore of Rockbridge County, Virginia fought against Hunter's invasion of Lexington, his 2nd cousin, James Irwing Gilmore of Preble County, Ohio, marched with Sherman to the sea. The exact year our John Gilmore and his family arrived in Virginia is unknown. His name appears in Augusta County records in 1745, but it is thought he may have arrived as early as 1736. 16th May, 1758. John Gilmor, Sr., and Agness ( ) to Wm. Gilmore, yeoman, £10, 250 acres on Tees Creek in Fork of James, part of the tract John now lives on containing 500 acres. Teste: Wm. McKemey. Jno. Gilmer. Sent to Wm. Gilmore, May, 1769. John became a justice of the Augusta County Court, serving until his death in 1759. Kerr's Creek Massacre: John and his wife, Agness Anderson Gilmore were killed by Shawnees in the first Kerr's Creek Raid of 19 October 1759 and their possessions were plundered. Two of their children still at home were also killed, but their names are unknown. There are many different versions of the Indian attacks in that area, including the names of those involved. Even reports written following the events contradict each other. From the court records, we do know that the attack in which John and Agness were killed was before November 1759, and their son Thomas died during an attack shortly before September 1763. Below, see some excerpts from court records following attacks at Kerr's Creek. NOV 22, 1759.(320) Administration of John Gilmore was moved for by James Gilmore, eldest son, and also by Thomas Gilmore, the younger son--granted to Thomas. Nov 19,1761 Thomas Gilmore vs. George Wilson - Agreed case submitted, viz: During the late war the Indians came to the plantation where plaintiff lived, and after killing his father and mother, robbed them and plaintiff of almost everything they had, and amongst other things, the horse in dispute. Defendant and several others pursued the Indians several days and retook great part of the things belonging to the plaintiff. The inhabitants of Car's Creek, the plaintiff not one of them, offered to any persons that would go after the Indians and redeem the prisoners they should have all plunder belonging to them. Nov, 1762 Thomas Gilmore vs. James Gilmore, eldest son and heir of John Gilmore. Chg. writ, 176 Sept 2, 1763 James and John Gilmore qualify admrs. Thomas Gilmore. Wm. Gilmore qualified admr. of Wm. Culberts. Sept 20, 1763. William Gilmore's bond (with Jas. Gilmore, Alex. Dale) as administrator of Wm. Culberts. When William Culbert(son) was killed during the July 1763 attack at Kerr's Cr, he left an estate deep in debt. Because Wm. Gilmore, s/o John & Agness, was the biggest debt-holder, he was granted rights to serve as admin. of the Culbert estate. This becomes important to us, as in 1765, two years after the attack, William arranged for a sale of Culbertson's estate, and a Jannet Gilmore attended. Jannet/Jennie/Jane? Since there is no other with a similar name in that area other than the wife of Thomas, her name on this document is part of the evidence indicating that by Oct 1765, the widow of Thomas Gilmore had been returned from captivity. This was my first clue that maybe some of the old tales about the captives were not accurate. Aug 19, 1772. John Gilmore, aged 14, orphan of Thomas Gilmore, chose John Gilmore and John Thompson guardians. John Gilmore, orphan of Thomas ( entry above] chose "John Gilmore and John Thompson (as his) guardians." This may refer to his Uncle John Gilmore and maternal grandfather, or John Thompson may have been his step-father, the second husband of his widowed mother. There is an old--but unverified--story reported by some researchers, that goes something like this: "When John was captured by the Indians he was adopted into the Miami Tribe and lived with them for about 11 years, being rescued after a cousin, Jacob Warwick learned from an Indian the he was still alive. After the surrender of Cornstalk (ca 1776-77) Jacob rode to the Miami River encampment and bought the boy from the Indians, returning with him to Virginia. John remained at Jacob's home until after his mother was also ransomed by Jacob. He was known throughout his life as "Indian John", refusing shoes and wearing moccasins and retaining other habits he had learned." Sometime prior to Col. Bouquet's leaving Ohio country on 15 Nov 1764, the list of some returned prisoners included Elizabeth Gilmore, Elizabeth Gilmore, Jr.[her daughter] and a John Gilmore, who were released by the Shawnee Indians. [Elizabeth was the wife of William Gilmore and John was the son of Thomas.] In a letter to Bouquet from Capt. William Murray, commander at Fort Pitt, dated 31 Jan 1765, Murray enclosed a list of nine prisoners, "delivered up by the Shawanese Indians at Mackwayack & arrived at Fort Pitt 5th Janry 1765." (Bouquet, 6:753- 54) All returnees were taken from colonial Augusta County, and included the following from Kerr's Creek: Her father purchas'd her. Jane Gilmore a Woman taken at the same time & place /her Brother purchased her from the Indians. I suspect --but can't prove-- that Jane Gilmore's "brother" was her brother-in-law, William Gilmore, although there are researchers who claim her "brother" was her nephew Jacob Warrick. Since the son of Thomas Gilmore was about five years old at the time of his capture and held less than 18 months, it's a bit difficult to believe he refused to ever wear shoes and became known as "Indian John". Children of John Gilmore and Agnes Anderson are: + 2 i. James Gilmore, born 1710; died Bef. 11 Feb 1783 in Rockbridge Co. VA. + 3 ii. John Gilmore II, born ca. 1715; died ca. August 1781 in Rockbridge Co. VA. + 4 iii. William Gilmore, born ca. 1724; died Aft. 1776. + 5 iv. Thomas Gilmore, born ca. 1725; died July 1763 in Kerr's Creek, VA. 6 v.(Unverified)Jane Gilmore, born ca. 1726. 7 vi.(Unverified) Agnes Gilmore, born ca. 1731. Only the four sons listed above are proven as being children of John and Agnes. Some researchers include a son Joseph. This seems to be based Oren F. Morton's History of Rockbridge County., p. 487, which reports that, "Joseph Gilmore -bro. to Thomas of Kerr's Cr. - m. Susanna Paxton, 1793-- ," but this is in error.IF John and Agness had a son named Joseph, he is not the Joseph Gilmore who married Susannah Paxton. It was James Gilmore's son, Joseph, the grandson of John, who married Susannah. This Joseph was not born until after his grandparents died. In addition, Joseph, the son of James and Martha Dennison did not have a brother named Thomas, nor is there any record of an earlier Joseph Gilmore in the county. Keep in mind, also, that while Oren F. Morton did some research himself, he was also a compiler of information sent to him by others, and thus was not necessarily the originator of any specific error. There have been several daughters' names attibuted to John and Agness, born between 1726-1731, but I have not found any documents that prove this. An Isabella Gilmore is reported by Dale family genealogists as the wife of Alexander Dale, a neighbor and fellow bondsman of William Gilmore for the Culbertson estate (see item of 20 Sept 1763 above), but they have not been able to find documentation to connect Isabella to this Gilmore family. Some researchers include a Jane Gilmore in the list of John and Agness' children, and report that she is the Jane who married Jonathan Poage, Jr. Endnotes: 1. Gilmore Headstone in High Bridge Cemetery, photos courtesy of Mike Gardebled, photojournalist. If the 1710 dob of James is correct, his parents were born ca. 1685-1690, and not ca 1703 as reported by early historians. 2. R.D. Thomas and others report Agness was an Anderson, but this has not been verified. Charles A. Hanna, Wilderness Trail (1911) http://digital.library.pitt.edu/p/pitttext/ Glenn A. Black Laboratory of Archaeology http://www.gbl.indiana.edu/ Generation No. 2 2. James2 Gilmore, Sr. (John1)3 was born 1710 in Ireland (?)4, and died Bef. 11 February 1783 in Rockbridge Co. VA5. He married Martha Dennison6,7ca. 1740 in either Ireland or PA. She was born ca. 1720, and died Aft. 1782. Letter from Freda Strampe April 29, 2001: As for James Gilmore being the son of John and Agnes. Chalkleys Chronicles of the Scotch Irish Settlement in Virginia (court records) shows James Gilmore as the oldest son and Thomas Gilmore as John's youngest son. Like his father John, James was a well-known figure around the courthouse, serving as a justice, a bondsman, an appraiser and administrator of estates. He and Martha were very active in their church, and were among the founders and supporters of the Presbyterian churches in the Rockbridge area. James had only one wife, and contrary to some reports, there is no reason for any dispute about his wife's surname being Dennison. Unfortunately, an error caused by one researcher's misunderstanding of a will written by John Beatty of Washington Co. VA. --father-in-law of James and Martha's son Robert-- was shared, copied, published, and even now, fifty years later, quoted as "factual". Careful research would put this to rest very quickly. See notes for his son, Robert Gilmore (below) for more information, and also Gilmore Archives for a tombstone photo by photojournalist and genealogist, Mike Gardebled. There is, however, some worthy dispute regarding both the date of birth for James (1710) which is on the memorial stone in High Bridge Cemetery, and his involvement --if any--in the Revolution. It's verifiable that James and Martha Dennison Gilmore's son William was born in 1760, which would make Joseph's dob of 1759 --on the High Bridge cemetery stone-- seem reasonable, and we know from Certifications of Permission (re age of brides), that their sister Isabella was b ca 1762 and sister Elinor in 1763, when, if the tombstone date is correct, James would have been fifty-three years old. James could well of sired children when he was no longer a spring rooster, so to speak, so the dob of 1710 would work for him, but how about Martha? No dob for her is listed, but for the sake of discussion, if Martha was 20 years old when her first child was born ca. 1740, then 23 years later, when Elinor was born in 1763, she would have been only forty-three. Even if she had been several years older, it seems the dates would work for her, which means the question of James' dob on the stone could still be accurate. But can it be proven? Who arranged for the stone? When? For generations, researchers explored this cemetery and others, but not until recently (1990) was it "discovered ", although researchers have reported taking photos of the stone as early as June of 1984.In photos taken by several cousins, it would appear the stone is out in the open and not hidden, but apparently that wasn’t always the case. Possibly the answers to these questions can be found on the names which are included on the stone: James and his wife Martha, their son Joseph, Joseph's first wife, Paxton Gilmore, one of Joseph's son's and his wife. Paxton's grand-daughter, Josephine Gilmore Yeatman (1868-1958) was a dedicated genealogist and an active DAR member -- applying on the basis of her Yeatman ancestors. I believe that sometime between the death of her mother in 1912 and her own death in 1958, Josephine arranged for the memorial stone. Certainly it would have to have been one of Paxton's descendants, as anyone else would not have chosen the specific names which are on the stone. The questions remains, how accurate was the information used to engrave the memorial stone? There is serious question re. the dates for Joseph, as his dob and dod do not agree with a statement that he was 71 years and 3 months when he died in January 1830. Freda Strampe: I learned when in Lexington that the cemetery records that are on line for High Bridge are incomplete - as we know because of James Gilmore's marker - and a group is going to survey that cemetery plus one other and will put in book form. There areso many stones that are no longer readable and a number of the old ones that are buried under these big trees that are like evergreens - grow close to the ground and are very dense. Military Records: Highlights Virginia Colonial Militia, 1651-1776, Richmond, VA: Southern Book Co. (available ancestry.com) County: Augusta County Date: Sep 1758 Name: Thos. Gilmore Rank: Militia These would appear to be the sons of John and Agness. The date is about one year prior to thefirst Kerr's Creek massacre. If this James is the son of John and the dates reported on the memorial stone in High Bridge are correct, he would have been forty-eight years old in 1758,and his son, James Jr. about thirteen. It's proven that James Gilmore, Jr. was the hero who led the Rockbridge Rifles. The question is whether or not his father was also a veteran of the war. Major-Generals who proved their service received land grants from 15,000 to 17,500 acres; Colonels normally received 8,888 acres; Lieutenant-Colonels normally received 6,666 acres; Majors normally received 5,333 acres; Surgeons and Surgeon’s Mates received from 2,666 to 8,000 acres; Captains usually received 4,666 acres and Lieutenants, Ensigns and Cornets received normally 2,666 acres, which is what James Jr. received. Revolutionary War Veterans Gravesites in Virginia COMMISSION OF THE VIRGINIA GENERAL ASSEMBLY,(JLARC) pertaining to a compiled list of sites where Revolutionary War veterans are buried, and to study issues related to the care and maintenance of the burial sites of these veterans. Among the listings is; "Gilmore James (date of death) 1782 Rockbridge High Bridge Church Cemetery Captain. " Listed as sources for this entry were (1) National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution. Senate Documents. 1900-1974 in individual volumes. (Washington: Government Printing Office). (2) Patricia Law Hatcher, Abstract of Graves of Revolutionary Patriots. 4 vols. (Dallas: Pioneer Heritage Press, 1987). Hatcher’s work is an abstract of the Senate reports, and (the committee noted) useful in compiling the initial list to check against the DAR records. Will and Estate Settlement of James Gilmore, Rockbridge County, VA; Recorded in Book 1, p 174, Lexington, VA --Written 22 June 1781 (Abstract)In the name of God, Amen, the 22nd of June and in the year of our Lord God one thousand seven hundred and eighty one, I, James Gilmore of the County of Rockbridge and State of Virginia . . .. . .give and bequith to my two sons Joseph and William Gilmore the Plantation I now live on containing 285 acres and three surveys adjoining to s. tract to be equally (divided) between them in quantity and quality.. . . to my son Samuel Gilmore two surveys consisting of 120 acres known by the name of Hutson's Spring, fifty acres at J. Haus Mountains at the head of Collyers Draught. . . . to my son John Gilmor(sic) 350 formerly the property of Benjamin Watsons. . .one negro out of these divided of said estate.. . . to my daughter(s) Mary Foster ten pounds. . .to Margaret Anderson a negro wench named Sally. . .to Martha Hall a negro named Calop.. . . to my son James Gilmore one hundred pounds Specie and I disanul and make void all bonds and amounts which I have against him. . . . the slaves that I am possessed of to be equally divided between my sons Samuel, Joseph and William Gilmore and all other moveable property to be equally divided between my beloved wife Martha Gilmore, Samuel, Joseph, William, Agnus, Isabella and Elenor Gilmore. . . my beloved wife shall have her maintenance of the Plantation House bequeathed to my two sons Joseph and William Gilmore I say during her widowhood and to have her choice of a horse and furniture bed and cloaths over and above a child's part likewise a negro wench to attend on her lifetime if she remains a widow. (sons) Joseph and William Gilmore to be my executors . . . The inventory of the estate was made by John Gilmore, John Greenlee, Henry Miller and Hugh Barclay and presented February 11, 1783. Settlement of the estate dated December 1805. The recorded information below provides an interesting note to the apparent reaction of James, Jr. to the Will. Rockbridge County, VA Deed Book A, p. 415. An indenture between James Gilmore, heir at law of James Gilmore, deceased of the county of the one part, and Joseph Gilmore of the County of Rockbridge of the other part witnesseth that whereas the said James Gilmore deceased made his last Will and Testament in writing bearing date the second day of June 1781 . . . and therein did bequeath unto his sons Joseph and William Gilmore the Plantation where he then lived containing 285 acres together with three surveys adjoining said tract . . . but through a mistake did not includ (sic) the said Joseph & William's heirs and assigns which makes them only tenants for life. Now the said James Gilmore by Virtue of the power ..... uppon (sic) him by being the eldest son and heir at Law of James Gilmore, and in consideration of the sum of five hundred pounds current Money of Virginia to him in hand paid by the said Joseph Gilmor hath granted, bargained and sold unto Joseph Gilmore, his heirs and assigns forever . . . Witnesses: John Bowyer, Wm. McKee, Wm. Alexander, John Paxton. [Transcriber's Note: In all probability, there were bad feelings between James and his brother after Joseph had to pay James £500 for title to the land he had inherited!] Settlement dated 1805 and legatees listed: Mary Foster, Margaret Anderson, Martha Hall, Samuel Gilmore, Agnes McAllister, Isabella Lecky, Elenor Williams, John Gilmore. More About James Gilmore, Sr.: Burial: High Bridge Presb. Church8,9 Estate Inventory: 11 February 1783, Presented Immigration to US: Bef. 1740. Most likely James and his family came from Scotland via Ireland to Pennsyvania; settled there temporarily; then along with many other Scottish families moved to Virginia. Military service: 1758, Militia10,11,12,13 More About Martha Dennison: Burial: High Bridge Cemetery14 Children of James Gilmore and Martha Dennison are: 8 i. Margaret Gilmore, born ca. 1740. She married Mr. Anderson. + 9 ii. Mary B. Gilmore, born ca. 1742 in Augusta Co. VA; died 17 Dec 1799 in Wythe Co. VA. + 10 iii. James Gilmore, born Bet. 1743-1745 in Augusta Co. VA; died Sept 1822 in Pulaski Co. KY. + 11 iv. John Gilmore, born Bet.1743-1760 in Augusta Co. VA; died 1814 in Pulaski Co. KY. + 12 v. Robert Gilmore, born Bet.1743-1757 in Augusta Co. VA; died 10 November 1777 near Ft. Randolph, VA. + 13 vi. Martha Gilmore, born ca. 1750; died Bef. 181615. .She married Captain James Hall. + 14 vii. Samuel Gilmore, born ca. 1755; died ca. 1818. + 15 viii. Joseph Gilmore, Sr., born Bet. 1758-1759 in Augusta Co.; died 19 Jan 1830 in Rockbridge Co. + 16 ix. William Gilmore, born ca. 1760 Augusta Co. VA; died 08 Sept 1836 in Putnam Co. Indiana. + 17 x. Agnes Nancy Gilmore, born ca. 1761 in Augusta Co. VA; died Bef. 1832 in Pulaski Co. KY.17 + 18 xi. Isabella Gilmore, born ca. 1762 in Augusta Co. VA; died Bef. 1796 in Rockbridge Co.. 19 xii. Elinor Gilmore, born 176318; married Joseph Williams 05 Oct 1784 in Rockbridge, Co. VA19. Rockbridge County, VA Records, Book I, pg 174. 6. Family Archive: Notes of Julia Humes. 9. Abstract of Graves of Revolutionary Patriots, Vol.2, p. Serial: 11999; Vol: 8, GILMORE, James High Bridge Ch Cem Rockbridge VA 56. 10. Virginia Colonial Militia, 1651-1776, County: Augusta County Date: Sep 1758Name: James Gilmore Rank: Militia Virginia Colonial Militia, 1651-1776Certificates. . 11. Chalkley, Lynn, Chronicles of the Scotch-Irish Settlements in Virginia, (Vol. 1-3; 1912), Vol II, Page 268.-- 1759- Thomas Huston, Wm. Reagh, in Capt. Alex. Buchanan's Company. James McCleerey, Thomas Kilpatrick, Samuel McCutcheon, Jr.,James Gilmore, in Capt. Lockhart's Company. 12. Chalkley, Lynn, Chronicles of the Scotch-Irish Settlements in Virginia, (Vol. 1-3; 1912), Vol II pg 481, George Hight's Declaration, December 3d, 1832: Born in King andQueen County in 1755 and moved to Albemarle when eight years old; thenceto Amherst; enlisted under Capt. Gilmore in Botetourt to go against theIndians... 13. Chalkley, Lynn, Chronicles of the Scotch-Irish Settlements in Virginia, (Vol. 1-3; 1912), Vol II, pg 484, Andrew Wiley's Declaration: Drove cattle under Thomas Vance toPoint Pleasant in 1777; Colonels Dickinson, Gilmore, and Campbell wereon this expedition;. 14. Gilmore Headstone in High Bridge Presb Cemetery, No dates given for Martha Dennison (Gilmore). 15. Martha is not named in husband's will, so evidently preceded him in death.. 16. Oxford Presb. Church Cemetery, Headstone insciptions: Capt. James Hall d. 1816, husband of Martha Gilmore. Revolutionary Soldier.Martha Hall, wife of Capt. James, daughter of James Gilmore.Polly Hall, daughter of Capt. James.James Hall died 20 Oct. 1896 aged 74y. (grandson?)Rockbridge Rangers CSA. 17. Rockbridge County Marriages, Marriage Contract of Joseph McAlister and Agnes (Nancy) Gilmore is dated 10th of Oct 1781. Bondsmen are Joseph McAlister and David Hay (s?). Attached is certification by James Gilmore for his consent of his daughter Agnes' marriage, dated 9th Oct 1781. Witnesses were Robert Robinson and James Stirling; Testified by Andrew Reid, Clerk, Rockbridge Co. 18. Marriage Records Rockbridge Co. VA, "...my sister Elleny Gilmore is arrivd to the full age of twenty one years...this 15 th day of Oct 1784" Elinor's dob is a guess based on this certification by her brother, John Gilmore. 19. Marilyn B. Headley, Angela Ruley, Rockbridge County Marriage Bonds (compiled), http://www.rootsweb.com/~usgenweb/va/rockbridge/license.html. 3. John2 Gilmore II (John1)20 was born ca. 1715 in Ireland, and died ca. August 1781 in Rockbridge Co. VA. He married Eleanor Cunningham21. She was born ca. 1722. Notes for John Gilmore II: Land Records: 16 August 1748, Purchased 250 acres from Benjamin Borden's heirs.22 Military service: 1758, Militia23 Will Presented: 07 January 1783, Rockbridge Co. VA Will Bk 1, p 127 Will written: 25 August 1780, Presented Jan 7, 1783 Rockbridge Co. Will Bk 1, pg 127. Left son James home plantation and son John 2 slaves. Will of John Gilmore of Rockbridge County, Virginia Rockbridge County, VA Will Book I, p. 1 26 (Abstract) In the name of God Amen the Twenty fifth Day of April one thousand Seven Hundred and Eighty one I john Gillmer of Rockbridge County in the Colony of Virginia. . . . . . to Elinor Gillmer my beloved Wife her bed and bedclose and all her wearing apperrill and she is to have the Mullata wench named Pheb during her Natural life and at her decease if said Wench be alive she is to fall to my son James Gillmore and my wife is to have one third part of all my moveable Estate excepting one Bay Horse and one black Mare Benney and one bay colt of two years old that belongs to my son James Gillrner and order that my son James Gillmer give his Mother Elinor Gillmer one horse for her a good maintainance during her Natural life . . .to my beloved (James) Gillmer the plantation I now live on containing 440 acres and all the remainder of my moveable Estate.. . . to my wife and likewise bequeath to my son James Gillmer three of my Negroe children one named Thurze and one named Sam and one named Will. My son James Gillmer is to have the land I bequeath to him his to have and to him and his heirs . . .to son John Gillmer two of my negrue Children one named Lucius and the other named Soloman . . . my five Daughters (unnamed!) divided share of sale of property IF James dies without issue. James Gillrner and wife Elinor. . . Sole Executors Presented at Court held for Rockbridge County August the 7th 1781 August, 1795 - Colston vs. Greenwell, &c.--O. S. 54; N. S. 18--Bill, 3d . (Pertaining to dispute over land deed in Patterson's Creek Manor, Hampshire County. VA) Becky Lucas, Gilmore-L@rootsweb - John Gilmore lived in Hampshire Co. VA where both Patterson's Creek Manor and South Branch Manor were located. The will of John Gilmer was made in Hampshire Co. WVA 9 Nov 1772 and probated 10 Aug 1773. It names his wife Margaret and daughters Margaret, Eleanor, Ann, Elizabeth, Jane and Mary... Eleanor m. Wm Howell and moved to Preston Co. VA. Ann m Matthew Pigman. Margaret died shortly after her father. Elizabeth = Betsy, and it's possible that Mary may have changed her name to Margaret after her sister's death. ... It is believed that this John may be the brother of Matthew Gilmore who lived at South Branch and died in 1787. ...the Sarah Park who gave testimony in the land case involving Benjamin Rutherford was possibly Sarah Parker, whose father had land near John Gilmore and Richard Boyce. No records of a Park or Parks in the area. Children of John Gilmore and Eleanor Cunningham are: + 20 i. James (Cunningham)3 Gilmore, born 1754 in Virginia; died 1817 in Columbus, Ohio. + 21 ii. John C. Gilmore/aka John Gilmore III, born ca. 1743 in Augusta Co. VA; died 1789 in Fayette, Jessamine Co. KY. 22 iii. Unk d/o John Gilmore, born ca. 1745. 23 iv. Unk d/o Gilmore. 24 v. Unk d/o Gilmore. 25 vi. Unk d/o Gilmore. 26 vii. Unk d/o Gilmore. Endnotes: 20. Augusta County, VA Court Records. 21. Oren F Morton, History of Rockbridge Co, VA, Name of John's wife.. 22. Augusta County, VA Court Records, Deed Bk 2, pp 53-55, On this same date James Gilmore, s/o John Gilmore, Sr. purchased 328 acres on Kerr Creek. 23. Virginia Colonial Militia, 1651-1776, ancestry.com, County: Augusta County Date: Sep 1758Name: John Gilmore Rank: Militia Virginia Colonial Militia, 1651-1776Certificates. . 24. RD Thomas. 4. William2 Gilmore (John1)25 was born ca. 1724, and died Aft. 177626. He married Elizabeth Anderson27,2829, daughter of Isaac Anderson and Martha Anderson. Augusta County Records; Scotch-Irish Chronicles Vol III 16th May, 1758. John Gilmor, Sr., and Agness to Wm. Gilmore, yeoman, £10, 250 acres on Tees Creek in Fork of James, part of the tract John now lives on containing 500 acres. Teste: Wm. McKemey. Jno. Gilmer. Sent to Wm. Gilmore, May, 1769. August 1774 Augusta Co Records: Wm. Gilmore and Alex. Brownlee qualified Constables. Robert Curry qualified Captain of Militia. William and John Gilmore to be surveyors of road from head of Carr's Creek to North River--new road established. Washington Co. 1778 Appointed commissioner to locate road from north side of Clinch Mountain . . . to James Logan's. . . . Russell Co. VA Deed Book 1, pp 157-160: William was acquiring land as early as 1756 (F. Strampe] ABSTRACTS OF WILLS OF AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA.WILL BOOK No. 3.Pg 280.-- 20th September, 1763. William Gilmore's bond (with Jas. Gilmore, Alex. Dale) as administrator of Wm. Culberts. As a result of Co. Bouquet's proclamation to the tribes, the Indians began bringing in their white prisoners. Sometime prior to Col. Bouquet's leaving Ohio country on 15 Nov 1764, the list of returned prisoners included Elizabeth Gilmore, Elizabeth Gilmore, Jr.[her daughter] and a John Gilmore, who were released by the Shawnee Indians. Elizabeth was the wife of William Gilmore. In some records, William is reported as having ransomed his wife and daughter. AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA. WILL BOOK No. 3.Page 435.-- 21st October, 1765. Sale bill recorded of William Culberts, by Wm. Gilmore, administrator, to, viz: Mary Brown, Margaret McCown, Patrick Denny, Andw. Fitzpatrick, Mary Boyls, Mary Ann Crawford, Jas. Logan, Wm. McCanless, David Guin, Jane Scot, Wm. Ooley, Jno. Selone, Jas. McCampbell, Richard McGee, Jean Muldrach, Alex. Dale, Chas. Boyles. Paid William Naper, Jannet Gilmore, Samuel Norwood, Blakeley Brush, Isabell Summers, Elizabeth Woods, Mary McCown, Sarah Davis, John Hays, Cryer of Vendue; James McNabb. (Note: This was not really a sale, but an auction, which is why there was a "Cryer of Vendue.") Virginia Gazette, Rind, May 11, 1769, Publisher: Rind Pg 4, Col 1 Augusta County, Virginia March 24th 1769 "WILLIAM CULBERTSON late of this county, who was killed the late Indian War, which was in the year 1763, being then indebted to me, and I being allowed to admniffter on his effate, this is to inform this relations, or heirs, if any there be, that there is excis of his effate in my hands than is fufficient to ditcharge my debts. William Gilmore" Notes for Elizabeth Anderson: Elizabeth was taken captive by Indians in the 1763 Kerr Creek massacre along with her daughter Nancy. They were held for two years before her husband, William, arrived in the Indian Village with a company of men to demand the release of the white captives. It's been reported that while in captivity, Elizabeth had an eye knocked out by an Indian boy. (Source: Freda Strampe) Children of William Gilmore and Elizabeth Anderson include: + 27 i. William Morgan Gilmore/Gilmer, born ca. 1765; died 1841 in Russell Co. VA. + 28 ii. Elizabeth " Nancy" Gilmore, born 1763; died 1832 in Russell Co. VA. Endnotes: 25. Oren F Morton, History of Rockbridge Co, VA. 26. Strampe, Freda: John and Agnes Gilmore of Rockbridge County, (May 2001), William was not killed at the 2nd attack in Kerr's Creek as is sometimes reported. William and his wife Elizabeth sold property 10 Jun 1776; appointed commissioner to locate a road in Washington Co. VA in 1778. 27. ibid pg 6, "There is some controversy on the surname of Elizabeth - Beattie or Anderson, however an Anderson history states that Elizabeth Anderson Gilmore, d/o Isaac, was captured by Indians in the 2nd Kerr Creek Massacre. This concurs with the Rockbridge History. 28. Oren F Morton, History of Rockbridge Co, VA. 29. No marriage bond found. 5. Thomas2 Gilmore (John1)30 was born ca. 1725 in Ireland, and died July 1763 in Kerr's Creek, VA31. He married "Jennie" 32 Bet. 1748 - 1758. She was born ca. 1728. More About Thomas Gilmore: Military service: 175833 Children of Thomas Gilmore and Jennie Thompson are: + 30 i. John3 Gilmore, born 09 March 1758; died 06 January 1838 in Augusta Co. VA. 31 ii. Unknown Daughter Gilmore34, born 1749; died July 1763 in Kerr's Creek. 32 iii. Unknown Daughter #2 Gilmore, born 1751; died July 1763 in Kerr's Creek. Endnotes 32. There is no proof of Jennie Gilmore's full name. 33. Virginia Colonial Militia, 1651-1776, County: Augusta County Date: Sep 1758 Name: Thos. Gilmore Rank: Militia Virginia Colonial Militia, 1651-1776 Certificates. . 34. Annals of Augusta County; Jos. A Waddell, 1902, pp. 123, 124., "The wife of Thomas Gilmore, standing with her three children.... she and her son, Johm, and two daughters were made prisoners...The Indians then separated into several parties, dividing the prisoners amongst themselves; Mrs. Gilmore and her son fell to one party and her two daughters to another. The last she heard of the latter was their cries as they were torn from her...." Generation No. 3 9. Mary B.3 Gilmore (James2, John1) was born ca. 1742 in Augusta Co. VA, and died 17 December 1799 in Wythe Co. VA35. She married William Foster 14 December 1763 in Augusta Co. VA36,37. He was born ca. 1740 in Augusta Co. VA, and died 18 July 1803 in Wythe Co. VA38,39. More About Mary B. Gilmore: Claim to DAR: Chattaanooga, TN - #214548 to Mrs. Nancy Leeper Yarnell, as descendant of Mary Gilmore, oldest dau of James and Martha Gilmore.40 Note: 1782, Named as "Mary Foster" and left 10 lbs in father's Will of 1781 More About William Foster: Land Records: 1780, Sold 365 acres in Rockbridge Co. (Deed Bk A pp 237-239) Children of Mary Gilmore and William Foster are: 33 i. James Foster. 34 ii. Catherine Foster. 35 iii. William Foster. 36 iv. Margaret Foster, b. 1779 in VA; d. 1841 in TN41. She married Joseph Carter42 ca. 1804. 37 v. Robert Foster. 38 vi. Thomas Foster. Endnotes: 35. Freda Strampe,John And Agnes Gilmore,, (Draft Ms, May 2001), Reports death as 17 Dec 1789 in Indiana, but place of death is not certain. 36. Byron Gilmore, cites: Montgomery Court. VA Records and Bible of James Foster, s/o Wm and Mary Gilmore Foster. 37. Virginia Genealogical Society Quarterly, 38. Lewis Barnett, Letter from Byron Gilmore 7 Aug 1975 to Dr. George Diehl. 39. Virginia Genealogical Society Quarterly,vol XV, no. 3 (01-JUL-1977). 40. Lewis Barnett, Letter from Byron Gilmore 7 Aug 1975 to Dr. George Diehl. 41. Virginia Genealogical Society Quarterly vol. XV number 3 (01-JUL-1977), From information taken from pub. of Eastern Tennessee Historical Society. 42. Virginia Genealogical Society Quarterly,See citation for Mary Gilmore. 10. James3 Gilmore (James2, John1) was born Bet. 1743-1745 in Augusta Co. VA46, and died September 1822 in Pulaski Co. KY. He married Martha Ann McElwee 1782 in Lincoln Co. KY47, daughter of John McElwee and Jane Adams. She was born ca. 1760. Notes for James Gilmore: The first Court of Quarter Sessions, County of Pulaski, was held at the home of Henry Frances, about seven miles south of the present town of Somerset, on the 23d day of July, 1799, for the trial of both civil and criminal cases. James Gilmore, Joseph McAlister and John Hardgrove, Justices of said court, commissioned by James Garrard, Governor, who were styled thus: Present the worshipful James Gilmore, Joseph McAlister and John Hardgrove, gentlemen. The First Clerk. William Fox, the father of Judge F.T. Fox, was the first clerk, who held both the office of County and Circuit Clerk up to the year 1847. James Gilmore, Jr. was left only 100 lbs in his father's Will, but was also excused from all debts he wed him. Due to a legal oversight when James Sr. wrote his Will, however, James Jr. was able to bring suit successfully and get 500 lbs more in payoff from his brothers. James Jr and wife, Martha Ann McElwee lived in Kentucky, where he had moved sometime after (?) his father's death. 28 Mar 1807 James Gilmore received Bounty Land Warrant #5157 for 2,666 2/3 acres in KY for his three years of service in the 12th VA Reg. under Capt Wm McKee. (Freda Strampe) 4 Apr 1814: Certificate of clerk of Pulaski Co.: Commitee appointed by the Pulaski Circuit Court for James Gilmore who is of unsound mind for his restraint and safe keeping and management of his estate. Notes for Martha Ann McElwee: Martha's family lived in Mecklenburg Co. where her father died in 1777. Her older brother it appears took his mother and several siblings to Lincoln Co., KY. Martha is named in her mother Jane Adam's will. (Source: Freda Strampe) Gilmore's buried in the old Gilmoore family burying-ground, in Pulaski County. Source: the Kentucky State Historical Society, Frankfort, April 8, 1931. Martha Gilmour (sic) was Bornd Oct. 19, 1782 John Gilmoore was Bornd Nov. 25th, 1784 Robt. Gilmoore was Bornd Jan. the 10. 1787 Anny Gilmoore was Bornd June the 13, 1789 James Gilmoore was Bornd Jan. the 24th, 1792 William Gilmoore was Bornd Jan. the 13th, 1794 David Gilmoore was Bornd May 12, 1796 Winston Gilmoore was Bornd. Jan. the 13th 1798 Jefferson Gilmoore was Bornd Jana the 3 (?) 1800 Samuel Gilmoore was Bornd. April 10, 1802 Children of James Gilmore and Martha McElwee are: 42 i. Martha "Patsy"4 Gilmore, b. 19 Oct 1782; d. Aft. 1870; m. William Carson 183148. + 43 ii. John Gilmore, born 25 November 1784. + 44 iii. Robert Gilmore, born 10 January 1787; died September 1842. 45 iv. Ann Gilmore, born 13 June 1789. She married David Lee. 46 v. James Gilmore, Jr., born 24 Jan 1792; died 184249. He was never married50 47 vi. William Gilmore, born 13 June 1794; died Bet. December 1814 - January 181551. DAR record states William was killed in Battle of New Orleans while with KY troops. 48 vii. David Gilmore, born 12 May 1796. He married Mary (?) Gilmore. 49 viii. Winston Gilmore, born 13 January 1798; died Bet. 1838 - 184452. 50 ix. Jefferson Gilmore, born 03 January 180053; died 01 August 1869. He married (1) Eliza Ann Barnett; (2) Ellen Evans Atkins. 51 x. Samuel Gilmore, born 10 April 1802. Not named in father's Will. Endnotes: 46. Freda Strampe, John and Agnes Gilmore of Rockbridge Co. VA. 47. Lincoln County, Kentucky Marriages to 1850: Gilmore, James Mc Kelser, Martha Marriage Date: 06 Jul 1782. ( Not necessarily a good source. Martha's surname is known to be McElwee. I believe this bond may refer to James Gilmore/Gilmour, member of a different family. More research needed.) 48. Bourne Groggin, surety. 49. Wilma Sutton Cogdell, Memphis, Tenn., Kentucky Historical Society, Frankfort, KY.March 1975, et.al.. 50. Freda Strampe 51. DAR record reports William was killed at Battle of New Orleans. 52. Wilma Cogdell, Memphis, Tenn., Kentucky Historical Society, Frankfort, KY. March 1975, et.al., Courtesy of Louis Barnett. 53. ibid; dob given as 6-5-1800. 11. John3 Gilmore (James2, John1) was born bet.1743-1760 in Augusta Co. VA and died 1814 in Pulaski Co. KY. He married Elizabeth Beach43 27 June 1791 in Rockbridge Co.44, daughter of Waldron Beach. She was born ca. 177345. Notes for John Gilmore: Freda Strampe: John Gilmore, son of James and Martha Dennison Gilmore, married Elizabeth Beach. They moved to Pulaski Co., KY shortly after [his brothers] James and Samuel moved there. John Gilmore b. ca 1743 d. 1814 in Pulaski Co., KY. The only children identified for John were Waldent, James and Robert Gilmore and Robert has never been proven. Emily Wilson: Your notes on this John Gilmore identify his 3 sons as Weldent (sic), James and Robert, with Robert as never proven (Freda Strampe is your source). I can assure you that all three of these men existed. The name Waldron is prevalent in the Beach family, which is very well documented. I have done a lot of original research, mostly through Census and Cemetery records, to figure out this family. James and Robert both moved to Lincoln County Missouri, and both served in the War of 1812. These two branches are very intertwined with the Gilillands. Robert became a minister (Baptist, I think). He and his wife died in Sweetwater, Wyoming in 1849 on their way to the California Gold Rush. Their children all returned to Missouri safely and were raised by the Gilillands. Sulphur Lick Cemetery just outside of Troy, Missouri is the final resting place of many of the Gilmores. James (James T.) died at age 31 in 1830. According to his headstone he was born in 1800. John Thomas Gilmore was his only child. But John Thomas married 3 times and produced 14 children, one of whom is my Dad’s grandmother. John Thomas Gilmore was a prominent Judge in Lincoln County and was a good friend of John Marshall Clemons, Judge in neighboring Pike County and father of Mark Twain. Children of John Gilmore and Elizabeth Beach are: 39 i. Waldron Gilmore, born aft. 1792 + 40 ii. James Gilmore, born aft. 1792 + 41 iii. Robert Beach Gilmore, born 16 January 1792 in Virginia; d. 25 June 1849, Wyoming. Endnotes: 43. Emily Wilson, Scottsdale, AZ; "According to Eugene Beach, the pre-eminent Beach family researcher, this Elizabeth Beach is the daughter of Waldron Beach." 44. Virginia Marriages to 1800. 45. Emily Wilson, Scottsdale, Arizona, email 2 Oct 2004. 12. Robert3 Gilmore (James2, John1)54 was born Bet. 1743-1757 in Augusta Co. VA, and died 10 November 1777 in Near Ft. Randolph, VA55. He married Sarah Ellen Beatie ca. 1774, daughter of John Beatie and Elinor Gilmore. She was born ca. 1755. Notes for Robert Gilmore: Most of this information is the result of a joint effort in April 0f 2001 by Joann Tortarolo, Freda Strampe, Connie Allen, and Joanne Kartak in a research-marathon. [Any errors, however, are my own. jmk] When we started, there was no proof that Robert was the son of James and Martha Gilmore. By the time we were done, Robert seems more "proven" than many. Your opinion is welcomed. (In 1777) James Hall was indicted for the murder of the Shawnee Indian Chief, Cornstalk, which occurred in Pt. Pleasant. It is recorded that Capt. James Hall became upset after learning that a relative by the name of Gilmore had been killed by an Indian while hunting. The people of the Kerrs Creek community remembered the Indian raids in their valley with much horror. They remembered how homes had been burned, families partially or wholly wiped out. Women and children had been tomahawked and scalped, friends and relatives had been carried away, and some had never returned. The men who had participated inthe killing of Cornstalk were from Rockbridge. Captain James Hall was related toGilmore (Captain Hall's wife was Martha Gilmore, and the Gilmore family had sufferedin the Kerrs Creek Raids).Source: Angela Ruley Many researchers identified the Gilmore whose death in 1777 at the hands of Indians precipitated the murder of Cornstalk, as James. This is now thought to be incorrect, and many Gilmore genealogists now agree that the following notation by Thwaites and Kellogg's Frontier Defense on the Upper Ohiop. 158 is correct: "Ensign Robert Gilmore killed by Indians near Ft. Randolph. His tragic death led to the murder of Cornstalk. NOTE: Ensign Robert Gilmore must have been connected with Capt. James Hall's Company; he may have been Hall's brother- in-law." Note: Capt. James Hall was married to Robert's sister, Martha Gilmore. Dr. George Dielh's Defender of Cornstalk, Ch III, pg 217, states: Nov 10, 1777- Robert Gilmore and a Hamilton, members of Capt James Hall's company... crossed the Kanawha River in a canoe with the hope of killing a deer for fresh meat.... Two Indians...seeing Gilmore and Hamilton approach drew a bead and fired. Hamilton fled...crying out that Gilmore had been killed. Note: Dr. Diehl cited as one of his sources, a Howe's History of Virginia, in which Howe cites a report by eyewitness Colonel John Stuart. Additonal evidence (below) strongly indicates that Robert Gilmore was (1) the son of James and Martha Gilmore, (2) the first husband of Sarah Ellen Beatie, and (3) the father of John Beaty's "Gilmore granddaughters", Elinor and Martha. Nov 10, 1777-Robert Gilmore killed by Indianson the Kanawha River. 1778- Rockbridge County, Tithables of 1778 include a Sarah Gilmore. Source: A History of Rockbridge County, Virginia by Oren F. Morton, Staunton, Virginia, 1920. 1779- Feb 2: Robert Gilmore's estate: Sarah Gilmore, James Gilmore, Jr., James Gilmore, Sr. and John Gilmore made bond in the sum of $10,000 as executors of the estate of Robert Gilmore. Source: Rockbridge Co. Will Bk 1, p 43. [This was an extraordinary amount of bondfor the times!] Jun 1780. Sarah Gilmore, widow, made a marriage bond to marry James Logan. James Hall is listed as surety. Source: Rockbridge Co. Marriage Records. James Hall was the husband of Martha Gilmore, d/o James and Martha Dennison Gilmore. 1790Will of John Beattie written -John Beattie mentioned his granddaughters - Elinor and Martha Gilmore, daughters of Sarah Logan,and stepdaughters of James Logan. 30 December 1795Martha Gilmore married Samuel Porter "Bond of Samuel Porter to marry Martha Gilmore, with James Gilmore as surety. Consent of John (sic) Logan, who stated that Martha Gilmore was in his care." 14 November 1797Eleanor Gilmore married John Webster Gilbert. In the later record, there is the statement signed by James Logan that Eleanor is above the age of 21. 1803A James Gilmore died in Lincoln Co., KY and named his half brother Robert Logan in his will. His sisters were Martha and Eleanor. According to Freda, he was married to Jenny Tinsley. In his will he bequeathed part of his land in Rockbridge, VA to the husbands of Martha and Eleanor Gilmore. Ages of Sarah Ellen Beattie Gilmore Logan, and her daughters, Eleanor and Martha Gilmore, are problematic. Someone has come up with a possible birth date of 1758 for Sarah Ellen. If Martha Gilmore was married in 1795 with James Logan's consent then she must have been under 21 in 1795. Eleanor must have been 21 in 1797. This would put their birth dates about 1775-1776, and be consistant with their father being the Gilmore that was killed in the Indian uprising in 1777. It must be noted, however, that in pension claims filed 55 years later by two men who had been in the Cpt Arbuckles' company, and near Capt. Hall's group, it was reported that it was a James Gilmore who had been killed. The claims differ in the rank of James, with one man referring to him as Lt. and the other as Ensign. [Source: Scotch-Irish Chronicles:] William Pryor's Declaration, October 15th, 1832; Zedekiah Shumaker's Declaration, October 15th, 1832: At the time of their claims, both declarants may have been suffering a few senior moments. Since the name James Gilmore was well known, and Robert Gilmore not, perhaps the pension applicants were confused? Another piece of evidence that supports all this is that the Beattie family lived at Kerr's Creek in Rockbridge Co., VA until they moved to Washington Co., VA about 1772. Land grants of both James Logan and several Gilmores show that they too had land in Kerr's Creek Conclusions: 1- James and Martha Gilmore had a son named Robert who married Sarah Beatty, d/o John Beatie. 2- Robert and Sarah had three children, James, Martha and Eleanor. 3- Robert was killed by Indians near Fort Randolph while on a hunting excursion. It was his death that precipitated the killing of Chief Cornstalk by Cpt James Hall, husband of Robert's sister, Martha Gilmore. 4- Sarah Gilmore (widow) married James Logan in 1780. James Hall and James Logan were Bondsmen.Sarah and James had at least one child-- Robert--who is named in the Will above, 5- John Beatie's Will names his " granddaughers Martha and Eleanor Gilmore." Also in the Will, along with John's sons and other sons-in-law, is James Logan. 7- Although James,theprobableson of Robert and Sarah is not mentioned in John Beatie's Will, James leaves his saddles and bridles to his " half-brother, Robert Logan." 8- Eleanor Gilmore married John Gilbert (named in James Gilmore's Will above). 9- Martha Gilmore married Samuel Porter (also named in James' Will). Her marriage bond states that James Logan has Martha in his care and gives his consent to the marriage. Children of Robert Gilmore and Sarah Beatie are: 52 i. Martha4 Gilmore, born ca. 1775; married Samuel Porter 30 December 1795 in Lincoln Co. KY. 53 ii. Eleanor Gilmore, born ca. 1776. She married John Gilbert 14 November 1797. 54 iii. James Gilmore, born ca. 1777; died Bef. 14 March 1803; m. Jane "Jinny" Tinsley 26 Feb 1799 in Lincoln Co. KY56; she was born 15 April 1782 in Virginia57; died 26 Dec 1863 in Christian Co. KY.57 "Jinny" married twice more after James death; (1) William Bronaugh in 1804 in Lincoln County, KY.; and (2) Taliaferro Bronaugh on 2 June 1830 in Christian County, Kentucky [near Hopkinsville].57 . Will of James Gilmore Lincoln Co KY Pioneer and Court Recordsp. 52 Written 2 Sept 1801, Probated 14 Mar 1803 Lincoln Co. (Abstract) "... To dearly beloved wife Jinny Gilmore my mulatto boy named Tom.....and all other speacies of property.. . .my saddles and bridles Excepted which I giveto my half Brother Robert Logan.... (I also)... beqeath two thirds of land in Rockbridge County containing 200 acres to be divided ....betwixt John Gilbert and Samuel Porter..." Testees of the will were James Logan and James Tinsley. Endnotes: 54. Most probably this is the Gilmore whose death precipitated the killing of Chief Corstalk in 1777. 55. Thwaites and Kellogg;Frontier Defense on the Upper Ohio, p 158. Courtesy of Freda Strampe 56. Kentucky Pioneer & Court Records; courtesy Freda Strampe. 57. Ron Stephens Many thanks to Connie Allen, Joann Tortarolo and Freda Strampe for letting me be part of this joint research project. It was a blast! 13. Martha Gilmore3 (James2, John1) was born ca. 1752; died Bef. 181615. She married Captain James Hall. He was born ca. 1745 and died 1816. Both are buried in Oxford Presbyterian Church Cemetery. From Unknown Source: Martha was born about 1752 in Augusta Co., VA. She married James Hall who was born about 1761 in Augusta Co., VA and died in 1816. He is buried in the Oxford Church Cementery in what is now Rockbridge Co., VA. James had bought 215 acres of land on Buffalo Creek, near Oxford Presbyterian Church. James Hall was indicted for the murder of the Shawnee Indian Chief, Cornstalk, which occurred in Pt. Pleasant. It is recorded that Capt. James Hall became upset after learning that a relative by the name of Gilmore had been killed by an Indian while hunting. Capt. James Hall was very upset with Cornstalk's past raids on neighbors, friends, and relatives (as well as other Indian massacres that occurred around Kerr's Creek in Rockbridge Co.,VA that left several dead and others abducted by the raiding Indians). Thus, he flew into a rage and ordered some of his men to kill Cornstalk who was at the Fort. Pt. Pleasant is currently located in Mason Co., WV. The place where this occurred can be seen at Tu-Endie-Wee Park in Pt. Pleasant. From Order Book I of Rockbridge Co.,VA on April 13, 1778, trial of Capt. James Hall for being concerned in the murder of Cornstalk Indian his son & two other chiefs of Indians on the 20th November last. Hall appeared & denied the facts with which he was charged. Trial adjourned; tried again on April 28 and no witness appearing before him he was acquitted. In the same order book, on May 5, 1778, John Gilmore and James Hall qualified as Captains of Militia. Rev. Samuel Houston was the brother-in-law and friend of Capt. James Hall. More About Martha Gilmore: Burial: Oxford Presbyterian Church Cemetery Notes for James Hall, Captain: James was a Captain in the militia stationed at Pt. Pleasant when Chief Cornstalk was killed on Nov 10, 1777. James was tried for his murer, but the case was dismissed because no one would testify against him. (Source: Rockbridge Order Bk 1778-1784, pp.8,9.) He was also one of the men at Pt Pleasant in 1774 listed along with James, John and Robert Gilmore, James Logan, John McKee and Lt. Wm. McKee serving in Murray Co. After his trial for murder of Cornstalk, James was commissioned a captain in the Militia May 5, 1778. He served under Gen Muhlenburg in Eastern Virginia in 1780 and 1781, participating in the Battle of Hot Water on the Williamsburg Front. (Source: Freda Strampe) James Hall's grandfather was William Hall, born in 1702 in County Antrim, Ireland. William immigrated to the United States and eventually settled in the area that is now Rockbridge County, VA. He was married to Jean/Janet/Jeanette ? and had several children: Andrew, Agnes, John, Isabella, William, Nathaniel, Samuel, and James. His wife was born around 1710. William died in 1773. Both he and his wife are buried in the New Monmouth Presbyterian Church Cemetery, which is located in Rockbridge Co., VA. More About James Hall, Captain: Burial: Oxford Presbyterian Church Cemetery16 Will Presented: 04 November 1816, Rockbridge Co. VA Will Bk.4 ,pp187-190 Child of Martha Gilmore and James Hall, Sr. i. James Hall, Jr. born ca. He married Patsy Leech on August 22, 1816 in Rockbridge Co., Endnotes: 15. Martha is not named in husband's will, so evidently preceded him in death.. 16. Oxford Presb. Church Cemetery, Headstone insciptions: Capt. James Hall d. 1816, husband of Martha Gilmore. Revolutionary Soldier.Martha Hall, wife of Capt. James, daughter of James Gilmore. Polly Hall, daughter of Capt. James. James Hall died 20 Oct. 1896 aged 74y. (grandson?) Rockbridge Rangers CSA. 14. Samuel3 Gilmore (James2, John1)58 was born ca. 1755, and died Aft. 1820 in Missouri59. He married Elizabeth Modrell 01 April 1785 in Lincoln Co. KY60. Illinois Papers D. 185; Virginia State Library, Richmond, VA 1782- Served in Capt. Nathaniel Hart's Co. of Lincoln County Militia, which was ordered on a tour of duty to build a fort at the Falls of the Ohio under command of Col. Benjamin Logan, Continental Line. Samuel enlisted as a Private June 27, 1782 and was discharged July 15, 1782 with 18 days service, entitiling him to One Pound, four Shillings. On October 22, 1782 he enlisted as a Private with the Lincoln Co. Militia under Gen. George Rogers Clark. . . Served under Capt. John Dougherty in repelling an "Invasion of the Enemy". Discharged Nov. 24, 1782, having earned for his service, Two Pounds, Two Shilling, 8 Pence. Samuel moved to KY about the same time as his brother James. (1781-1782) KY Records: 1784, He and James appear in Lincoln Co. Records Vol.2 Series Vol 27 Cook Pub. Pg 101:20 Jul 1784 James Gilmore and Samuel Gilmore vs. James and Matthew Logan. Case was discontinued. Land Grants: 1808, 100 acres in White Co. TN (Deed Bk C pp 273-274) which he sold 25 Sept 1810. He left Pulaski Co. Tax rolls in 1811 but was is shown owning 100 acres of poor land in Rockcastle Co. KY until 1814. Children of Samuel Gilmore and Elizabeth Modrell are: 56 i. Martha Modrell4 Gilmore, b. ca 1786 in KY., m. Richard Hill 1802 in Pulaski Co. KY. 57 ii. Agnes Gilmore, b ca 1788 in KY, m. Elijah W. Smith 25 Oct 1806 in Pulaski Co. KY. 58 iii. Robert Gilmore b. 1790, Jan. 6; in Lincoln co., KY, d . 1854, Jan. 13; Agency Ford, Buchanan Co., MO, m. ca 1814 in Bedford Co. TN. to Rebecca Poteet: (sister of his brother James' wife Mary Poteet) +59 iv. James Gilmore, b. 15 July 1791 Mercer Co. KY (Virginian Territory), d. 31 March 1863 in Douglas Co. OR, m. Mary Poteet 10 July 1814 in Bedford Co. TN. 60 v. Samuel Gilmore, b. ca 1798 in KY, d. ca. 1850 in MO.; m. Emma Dougherty/Doherty. 61 vi. Joseph Gilmore, b. 2 Dec. 1795 in KY, d. 20 Dec. 1852 in Buchanan Co. MO; m. Martha W. Reynolds, 21 March 1830 in Clay Co. MO. Endnotes: 58. Will of James Gilmore 22 June 1781, Named in father's will. 59. Don Corsetti: Samuel listed in 1820 U.S. Census in Bedford Co. TN. He and his family moved to Missouri sometime before his death. 60. Lincoln County Courthouse Records. 15. Joseph3 Gilmore, Sr. (James2, John1)61 was born Bet. 1758-1759 in Rockbridge Co. VA, and died 19 January 1830 in Rockbridge Co. VA62. He married (1) Susannah Paxton 05 June 1793 in Rockbridge, Co. VA63, daughter of William Paxton and Eleanor Hays. She was born ca. 1772 in Rockbridge Co. VA64, and died 11 November 1800 in Rockbridge Co. VA. He married (2) Mildred Marie Rowland 09 November 1805 in Gilmore Mills, Rockbridge, VA65,66, daughter of Thomas Rowland and Mary Russell. She was born 11 July 1771 in Rockbridge Co. VA, and died 02 January 1844 in Rockbridge Co. VA67. Joseph Gilmore, according to historians, was considered "...one of the most prominent and highly honored citizens of Rockbridge County." Along with his brother,William, Joseph inherited the home property of their father, James Gilmore, Sr. Later he bought out William's interest and became the sole owner of Sidney Vale, the plantation where several generations of Rowland and Gilmore children were born. Property Taxes 1783 Rockbridge Co. VA Categories: free white males, slaves above 16, slaves age 12-16, horses and cows. Joseph Gilmore 2-6-2-19-37 TITH: William Gilmore SLAVES: Bob,Pegg, Charles, Sprig, Cate, Stilran, Mansar One Ordinary License Estate of Jas. Gilmore dec'd. From the genealogy papers of J.W. Wheatley ( ca. 1912): (Courtesy of Eileen Hacker.) "Joseph was a man of promience in Rockbridge County, holding several county offices. He died Tuesday, January 19, 1830 at 6 A.M., aged 71 years." J.W. Wheatley (see #351 below) was one of several avid genealogists among the descendants of Joseph Gilmore. In June of 1912, his cousin, Josephine Gilmore Yeatman, sent him this extract from a letter written by her grandfather, Paxton Gilmore to family members. "My father, Joseph Gilmore, was next to the youngest of 16 or 17 children of James Gilmore and Martha Denison, his wife, Protestant emigrants from the North of Ireland, sometime between 1735 and 1740. Whether they were married in Ireland or Pennsylvany (sic) I never was able to learn.... My mother, Susan Paxton, was the daughter of William Paxton and Eleanor Hayes of near Lexington, Va., of Scotch-Irish descent....There is a tradition handed down in the family that they were of a clan in Scotland that had for their motto a bloody hand." Ed. Note: There is at least one error in Paxton's account, but it's interesting to note the family's early interest in their history. This interest continued through the generations, and my grandmother, Julia Humes Bilyeu --self-described as three-quarters Gilmore-- passed on her research notes and interest in genealogy to me. jmk. Will of Joseph Gilmore Signed and Witnessed December 6, 1828 Rockbridge Co., Will Bk. 6, p. 442, 443 Abstract (copy of original on file): In the name of God amen - I Joseph Gilmore of Rockbridge County and State of Virginia. . . First-- I order and bequeath that my beloved wife Mildred Gilmore shall have one third of the Sidneyvale Tract of Land during life, and one Third of all the negroes not willed to some of the heirs hereafter exprest & a Third of all the personal property belonging to said Farm at my death during life. Secondy-- I bequeath to my twosons Madison Gilmore and James Gilmore, all the tracts of land bought of William Rowland which Madison now lives on and the negroes Amey, Flemin, Pat, Isaac and six children to be equally divided between them only Madison to have choice Thirdly-- I give and bequeath to heirs of my son, Paxton Gilmore, the Land and Mill bought of John Miller & a Negro boy Dave, a cooper by trade Fourthly--I bequeath to myDaughter Polly Rowland- Maria, Teash and their children and a boy Jerry got of Thos Rowland estate, and four hundred dollars out of a Legacy to be received from Wm. Paxton Heirs or any money on hand or bonds. Fifthly I give to Daughter Eliza Gilmore the negroes Katy and her increase and a girl Lucy got from Rowlands estate a Horse & saddle, some Bed and bedding and six hundred dollars from the estate of Thomas Rowland or any money on hand or bonds. Sixthly-- I bequeath to my Two sons Thomas and Joseph Gilmore, the Sidneyvale Tract of Land at their Mother's death, and all the negroes & personal property not otherwise disposed of, the same to be equally divided between them. Seventhly-- After the specified Legacies are paid, if any money or bonds are left Mildred Gilmore is to receive one third and the blance to be equally divided with Eliza, Thomas and Joseph Gilmores and it is my wish if any of the Legatees should die without lawful issue that their part be equally divided among their Brothers & sisters. Lastly-- I do hereby constitute and appoint my Two sons Madison and Paxton Gilmore and William Humes (son-in-law) my Executors. In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal this sixth of Decbr 1828. (Signed) J. Gilmore seal Rockbridge County Court May 31 1830: Joseph’s will was produced in court and ordered to be recorded "... on the motion of Madison Gilmore ...together with Spotswood Brawford, William Paxton, Richard H. Burks, David Edmonson & William Shields his securities ... and acknowledged bond in the sum of Thirteen Thousand Dollars -Certificate was granted to him (Madison Gilmore) to obtain probate thereof in due form of law. Teste James Reid D.C. Settlement of Joseph's estate 13 Sep 1844 Rockbridge Will Bk. 10, pp. 40-46; Madison Gilmore, executor Wm. Humes and James Gilmore (heirs) requested to settle the accounts of Joseph Gilmore, deceased. This was the third attempt at settlement of Joseph's estate. In March 1838, the settlement was based upon a settlement previously made by other commissioners without reference to the will of the Testator. The first settlement being wrong in principal initiated the second; the second was there-fore not returned to court and was withdrawn. A son of Joseph Gilmore named Thomas R. Gilmore, was deceased and intestate at the time of the settlement; therefore, the balance of the estate owed to Thomas was distributed to his mother, brothers and sisters, according to the law of descent. The settlement lists the legatees of Thomas R. Gilmore: Mildred Gilmore, his mother; Eliza Hume, whole blood sister; Joseph Gilmore (Jr.) whole blood brother; Madison Gilmore, half blood; James Gilmore, the same; (Mary) Polly Rowland Layne; the same. Mildred Rowland Gilmore had also died by the time of this settlement; and her legacy went to Eliza Hume and Joseph Gilmore,Jr., her two remaining children by Joseph. Notes for SUSAN PAXTON: Susanna's father was the Major William Paxton, whose name shows up frequently in the records of the Rockbridge County militia, and as a host of a well-know inn. She and Joseph and their children are included in Major Paxton's estate settlement: Rockbridge Court Records Paxton's Heirs --O. S. 89; N. S. 30--Bill, 20th March, 1806.William Paxton died intestate, 1796, Joseph Gilmore and Sarah [sic], his wife, a daughter of intestate. . . . Susannah Gilmore also died intestate after her father, leaving issue, viz Madison, Paxton, Polly and James Gilmore, all infants. . . . Susannah Paxton-- first wife of Joseph-- and not Milly, is named on the Gilmore headstone in High Bridge Cemetery, thus it is assumed that the stone was installed on the order of descendants from Joseph's first marriage. I believe it was Josephine Gilmore Yeatman, the daughter of Josephine Gilmore and Albert Yeatman and granddaughter of Paxton, who arranged for the memorial stone sometime between her mother's death in 1912 and her own death in August 1958. This stone is not mentioned in the list of graves included in a High Bridge Presbyterian Church bulletin in 1928, nor in a list by the historical society (below), both of which include the graves of his sons Madison and Thomas R. , and three other family members. According to those who have seen the stone, it is made of a "modern" material. List of Names in High Bridge Church and Cemetery First printed by the H.B. Presbyterian Church in August of 1928. Marilyn B. Headley discovered a copy at the Virginia Historical Society in Richmond, transcribed it and submitted it to rootsweb.com. Five Gilmores are included among those listed: May 22, 1800 Gilmore, Janetta Dec 9,1886 (wife of Madison) May 3, 1794 Gilmore, Madison June 7, 1859 (s/o Joseph and Susannah) April 6, 1810 Gilmore, Thomas R. March 2, 1838 (s/o Joseph and Mildred) April 7, 1839 Gilmore, Flora Irene Jan 2, 1871 (dau of Paxton Gilmore) Mar 22, 1835 Gilmore, Virginia Marshall July 5, 1901 (dau of Paxton Gilmore) When Susannah Paxton Gilmore died in 1800, she left Joseph with four small children, one of whom was Mary "Polly" Gilmore, born in 1799. In 1805, Joseph married Milly Rowland, who then became the step-mom of these children, all of whom were under nine old. When Mary "Polly" grew up, she married Milly's younger brother, Jessie Rowland,and became her step-mom's sister-in-law. Among Mary "Polly" and Jesse’s children wasa son, Robert Rowland, who was, of course, Joseph Gilmore’s grandson. Robert marriedRebecca FrancisLackey, a granddaughter of Joseph’s sister, Isabella Gilmore and her husband,James Lackey. Rob and "Fannie"became the parents of Mary Allie Rowland. Mary Allie was the great-granddaughter of Joseph Gilmore and Susannah Paxton. In the meantime --still with me?-- Joseph and his 2nd wife, Milly Rowland, had a daughter, Eliza Stuart Gilmore, who grew up at Sidney Vale. In 1829, she married William Humes, a Virginian who had migrated to Missouri. Among their chldren was James Edwin Humes, born at Sidney Vale where Eliza spent the last few months of her pregnancy. James was the grandson of Joseph Gilmore and Millie Rowland. After the Civil War when James was at Sidney Vale with his Gilmore cousins while he recovered from wounds, he met his young 13 year old cousin, Mary Allie Rowland. Seven years later, they married, and their children, including my grandmother, Julia Humes, had three "Gilmore Grandparents." + Eliza Gilmore,daughter of Mildred Rowland and Joseph Gilmore, and granddaughter of James and Martha Gilmore. + Robert Rowland, son of Mary "Polly" Gilmore and Jesse Rowland, and grandson of Susannah Paxton and Joseph Gilmore, and great-grandson of James and Martha Gilmore. + Rebecca Lackey, granddaughter of Isabella Gilmore and great-granddaughter of James and Martha Gilmore. There are also double lines to Thomas Rowland through Milly and her brother Jesse Rowland. That's a whole bunch of Kiss'n Cousins! Children of Joseph Gilmore and Susannah Paxton: 61 i. Madison4 Gilmore, born 05 May 1794 in Rockbridge Co. VA69; died 07 June 1859 in Rockbridge Co. VA70. He married Jennetta Moore Houston 08 September 1823 in Rockbridge Co.71; born 03 May 1800 in Rockbridge Co. VA; died 09 December 1886 in Rockbridge Co. VA. Notes for Madison Gilmore: "A man of learning and known for his high integrity". Josephine Gilmore Yeatman. I believe it was Josephine who sent the information (below) about Madison that William Paxton included in his book,The Paxtons: We Are One, [pub Platte City , MO 1903]: "Madison was a Justice of the Peace and twice elected to the State Legislature from Botetourt County. His father's Will gave him valuable lands, but provided that in case of he died without issue, the land should go to his brothers and sister. Because he did not have children, his widow was left distitute, yet by her father's will, she had a home for life at Rural Valley." Rockbridge County, VA Chancery Order Book 1831-46. p. 14, 21,30, 81, 109, 117 Re lawsuit Gilmore vs Reed Madison Gilmore exor of Joseph Gilmore dec'd ptf 1846- Listed as a member of the Virginia School Commissioners for Botetourt Co. Source: http://www.ls.net/~newriver/va/vasc1846.htm - VA publication by Samuel Shepherd, Public Printer, Richmond, 1847. !850 Federal Census Botetourt County, VA: 15 787 Gilmore Madison 56 M Farmer 3,714 [value] Virginia [birthplace] 16 787 Gilmore Janetta M. 50 F Virginia Head of household listed as Joseph Casher. Why were Madison and Janetta living there? 1860 Census- Dst. 8 Botetourt Co. VA (Enumeration date of 22 June 1860) A Madison Gilmore (white male) age 60 is reported living in a household with Houston family members. Only trouble is I show 7 June 1859 as date of death on stone for Madison in HB cemetery. Two men named Madison Gilmore born within a few years of each other? Since it's knownthat Janetta lived with her Houston relatives after Madison's death, perhaps there is anerror in the census, and it should have read MRS. Madison Gilmore? Or is this an indication of error on the tombstone? More About Madison Gilmore: Administrator: 1830, Joseph Gilmore's estate72 Burial: High Bridge Cemetery + 62 ii. Paxton Gilmore, born 10 Feb 1796; died 04 May 1864, Rockbridge Co. VA. + 63 iii. Mary "Polly" Paxton Gilmore, born 22 March 1799 and died 12 Dec 1848 in Rockbridge Co.. 64 iv. James Paxton Gilmore73, born 26 Oct 1800 in Rockbridge Co. VA; died 13 March 1850 in Lynchburg, VA74,75. He never married. Josephine Gilmore Yeatman: " He was a man of learning yet modest and retiring". Named in his father's will: " - - to two sons Madison Gilmore and James Gilmore all the tracts of land bought of William Rowland which Madison now lives on and the negroes Amey, Flemin, Pat, Isaac and six children to be equally divided only Madison to have choice". Children of Joseph Gilmore and Mildred Rowland are: + 65 i. Eliza Stuart4 Gilmore, b. 03 May 1807 in Rockbridge Co. VA; d. 13 Oct 1860 in Missouri. 66 ii. Thomas Rowland Gilmore76, born 06 April 1810 in Rockbridge Co. VA; died 04 March 1838 in Lexington, VA77,78. Tom graduated from VMI and William & Mary College. He was a lawyer in Rockbridge County until an accident in Lexington caused his death when only 28 years old. + 67 iii. Joseph Gilmore, Jr, Capt., b. 29 August 1812 in Rockbridge Co. VA; d. 16 February 1863 at Sidney Vale, Rockbridge Co. VA. 68 iv. William Gilmore79, born 12 November 1814; died 02 February 1818. Endnotes: 61. Photo of Gilmore Headstone 62. Yeatman, Josephine Gilmore;, "He (Joseph) died Tuesday, January 19, 1830 at 6 A.M. aged 71 years, 3 months." 63. Marriage Bond, Rockbridge Co. VAJune 4, 1793. 64. Susannah's dob based on her age at marriage probably over 21. 65. Rockbridge County Marriages, Date of bond 9 Nov 1805. Wedding reported as 19th of Nov. (unverified) Copy of original marriage bond on file. 66. Dodd, Jordan; Early American Marriages, VA to 1850, Given date/place of marriage bond as 19 Nov 1805 Botetourt Co. VA Joseph Gilmer and Milly Rowland. 67. Josephine Gilmore Yeatman, Wheatley, J.W.; Genealogy notes of June 28, 1912, Mildred died January 2, 1844, aged 75 years. 68. Gilmore Headstone in High Bridge Presb Cemetery, "fig." 69. Yeatman, Josephine Gilmore;, Letter cited by J.W. Wheatley on June 28, 1912. 70. Josephine Gilmore Yeatman, Wheatley, J.W.; Genealogy notes of June 28, 1912, (Madison) died of apolexy June 7, 1859. 71. Rockbridge County, VA Records. 72. ibid 73. The Paxtons-We Are One by W. M. Paxton of Platte City, MO.1903 74. ibid 75. Josephine Gilmore Yeatman, Wheatley, J. W.; Genealogy notes of June 28, 1912, James died of typhoid fever at Lunchburg (sic), VA., March 13, 1850. He never married. A very studious, thoughtful man. 76. This is the Tom Gilmore whose death was reported in the Rowland-Gilmore Bible. 77. Copy of a penciled memorandum of the family record given in an old Bible belonging to Eliza Gilmore Humes, daughter of Millie Rowland and Joseph Gilmore, and brother of Thomas., Rowland Family Bible, "Thomas Gilmore died 3/4/1838.... ." 78. Yeatman, Josephine Gilmore: "Thomas... died in Lexington, VA., of pneumonia, March 2, 1838, aged 26 years. He was a young man of great brilliance of mind." 79. Book of Common Prayer, Peter Binkley wrote: Eliza wrote her name on the first blank space, and on a few pages later, she wrote the date 30 May 1825: her eighteenth birthday. On the back page of the Psalms, there are notes on her father's children by two marriages, probably written by Eliza. 16. William3 Gilmore (James2, John1) was born ca. 1760 in Augusta/Rockbridge Co. VA80, and died 08 September 1836 in Putnam Co. Indiana81. He married Martha Lackey82 12 June 1783 in Rockbridge Co. VA82, daughter of Thomas Lackey and Agnes Leech. She was born 1761 in Lancaster Co. PA, and died 15 February 1843 in Fairhaven, Preble Co. OH. It the death of his father James in 1783, William and his brother Joseph inherited a half-interest each in Sidney Vale, the Gilmore plantation located on the James River, approximately 4 miles south of Natural Bridge. The plantation was "to be equally (divided) between them in quantity and quality." Settlement of James' estate was not completed until 1805. 10 September 1806, William bought property from Samuel Barclay (Deed Bk. F, p 47). 18 April 1818, in preparation for moving to Ohio, William and Martha sold this same property to John Allen. (Source: Mary K. Wright.) 13 April 1818, William and Martha sold approx. 400 acres, " a certain tract or parcel of Land on the North side of James River in the said County of Botetourt to James Lackey for $1000, and on April 30, they sold to Nathan Lackey for an additional $1000, ". . . one certain tract or parcel of Land lying in the said County of Botetourt on the North side of James River and containing 62 acres be the same more or lefs and Bounded to the (Maguilio? ) Meredian as follows to with Begining at a poplar on the back of said river corner to James Lackeys old patent survey." (Source: Botetourt County, VA Deed Book 13, pg.463. courtesy of Marilyn B. Headley.) Mary K. Wright, Descendants of William Gilmore and Martha Lackey (Excerpts): "William, eighth child of James Gilmore and Martha Dennison.... married Martha Lecky, daughter of Thomas Lecky and Agnes Leech.... (He) died 8 Sept 1836 while visiting his sons in Putnam Co. IN. William and Martha had nine children. The eldest girl was named Agnes in honor of her grandmother. "!783 Rockbridge Co. VA tithables list, William and his brother Joseph were listed with slaves: Bob, Pegg, Charles, Sprig, Cate, Stilran and Manser. Sprig and his wife were admitted to the Hopewell (Ohio) Church, and the records to show that " Sprig & Phylesss both persons of colour" had been in full communion in the Presbyterian Church" in Highbridge, and their membership forwarded on October 21, 1822 by Samuel Houston, minister." Headstone of William Gilmore, Boone-Hutcheson Cemetery, Putnam Co. Indiana William Gilmore Who departed this life Sept. 8, A.D. 1836 He was born Rockbridge County Virginia A.D. 1760 Which place he left in A.D. 1818 Settled in Prebele County Ohio Here he continued to reside up To the time of his death For more than forty years he was a ruling elder in the Associated Reformed Presbyterian Church Ed. Note: The stone was broken off in 2001. R.A. Gilmore provided the remainder from atranscription made ca. 1988 and included in Mary's book, but I have not included it here. Clementine Brown Railey, History of the house of Ochiltree of Ayrshire, Scotland : William and Martha Gilmore emigrated to Preble Co., Ohio in 1818. He and his brother, Joseph had jointly owned the old plantation, in Rockbridge Co., inherited from their father, James Gilmore, until 1816, when they divided it. The pioneers to Ohio crossed the Ohio river, near Cincinnati, passed up thro’ Hamiliton and Butler Counties, to Preble Co. More About William Gilmore: Burial: Boone-Hutcheson Cemetery, Ohio83 More About Martha Lackey: Burial: Hopewell Cemetery Children of William Gilmore and Martha Lackey are: + 69 i. Agnes Nancy4 Gilmore, born 09 May 1784 in Rockbridge Co.; died 02 February 1852 in Morning Sun, Preble Co. Ohio. + 70 ii. James (Wm) Gilmore, born 25 January 1790 in Rockbridge Co. VA; died 17 February 1845 in Putnamville, OH. + 71 iii. Martha Gilmore, born 06 March 1788 in Rockbridge Co. VA; died 10 June 1856. + 72 iv. Robert Harvey Gilmore, born 09 April 1786 in Rockbridge Co. VA; died 25 February 1839 in Fairhaven, Preble Co. OH. + 73 v. Thomas Gilmore, born 20 November 1792 in Rockbridge Co. VA; died 09 January 1880 in Greencastle, Putnam Co. OH. + 74 vi. William Gilmore, born 02 April 1797 in Rockbridge Co. VA; died 02 February 1837 in Fairhaven, Preble Co. OH. 75 vii. Sabina Gilmore, born 13 June 1799 in Rockbridge Co. VA; died 31 March 1882 in Fairhaven, Preble Co. OH. She married Samuel Ramsey 18 December 1823; born 01 November 1798 in Rockbridge Co. VA; died 06 December 1836 in Fairhaven, Preble Co. OH. Both buried in the Hopewell Cemetery. + 76 viii. Samuel Baldridge Gilmore, born 13 September 1801 in Rockbridge Co. VA; died 12 September 1836 in Fairhaven, Preble Co. OH. + 77 ix. Eli Gilmore, Dr., born 05 February 1795 in Rockbridge Co. VA; died 04 April 1857 in Fairhaven, Preble Co. OH. Endnotes: 80. Diehl, George W., Diehl, Dr. George W; Rockbridge Co. VA Notebook. Chapter VIII, William Gilmore, son of James Gilmore and his wife Martha Dennison...was born in Augusta County (now Rockbridge) in 1760. He married June 12, 1783. 81. Rockbridge Co. VA Cemeteries, LVA, Putnam Cemetery. 82. Diehl, George W., Diehl, Dr. George W; Rockbridge Co. VA Notebook. 83. House of Ochiltree, "Mr Gilmore d in 1836 ag'd 76 while on a visit to ...family in Putnam Co. Ind and is buried in Greencastle cemetery. On his monument: "An elder in the Presbyterian Church". 17. Agnes Nancy Gilmore, (James2, John1) was born ca. 1761 in Augusta Co. VA; died Bef. 183216 in Pulaski Co. KY. She married Joseph McAlister 10 October 1781 in Rockbridge Co.17; born ca. 1754; died 22 January 1833 in Pulaski Co. KY. More About Joseph McAlister: Military service: 1781, Served as an Ensign with James Gilmore, Jr. at the Battle of Cowpens. Awarded Pension #S1241. Children of Agnes Nancy Gilmore and Joseph McAlister: i. Robert, b. March 06, 1782, Rockridge Co., VA; d. September 16, 1851, Pulaski Co., KY. ii. John, b. 1798, Kentucky; d. Greenup Co, KY iii. Adam W., b. 1805, Kentucky iv. Harvey, b. November 02, 1814; d. September 01, 1864, KY v. James, b. 1786, VA; d. 1833, Before his father, ie 1833, KY vi. Martha "Mattie", b. 1795; d. 1830, Before her father, i.e. 1833, Pulaski co, KY. vii. Nathanial, b. May 06, 1779, VA; d. November 05, 1855, Pulaski Co., KY viii. David, b. 1784, VA; d. 1840; ix. Joseph, Jr., b. 1790, VA; d. Pulaski Co., KY. x. George, b. 1793, lincoln co, KY; d. 1830, Knox co, KY; m. Jane; b. March 10, 1808, TN. Information about Agnes Nancy Gilmore and Joseph McAlister is courtesy of Lewis Barnett. Source: 16. Not named in husband's will, and assumed to have died before the will was written. 17. Rockbridge County Marriages, Marriage Contract of Joseph McAlister and Agnes (Nancy) Gilmore is dated 10th of Oct 1781. Bondsmen are Joseph McAlister and David Hay (s?). Attached is certification by James Gilmore for his consent of his daughter Agnes' marriage, dated 9th Oct 1781. Witnesses were Robert Robinson and James Stirling; Testified by Andrew Reid, Clerk, Rockbridge Co. 18. Isabella3 Gilmore (James2, John1)84,85 was born ca. 1762 in Augusta Co. VA, and died Bef. 1796 in Rockbridge Co.. She married James Lackey/Leckey85 27 August 1782 in Rockbridge Co. VA86, son of Thomas Lackey and Agnes Leech. He was born 1759 in Lancaster Co. PN, and died Bet. 1819 - 1829 in Rockbridge Co. VA. After Isabella's death, James married Mary Montgomery. Notes for James Lackey/Leckey: Botetourt County, VA Will Book C, p. 400 More About James Lackey/Leckey: Burial: Miller Cemetery87 Children of Isabella Gilmore and James Lackey/Leckey are: 78 i. Martha Isabella4 Lackey88, b. 1783; m. John McKnight 18 Nov 1806 in Botetourt Co.89. 79 ii. Elizabeth I. Lackey90, born 24 June 1784. 80 iii. Agnes I. "Nancy" Lackey90, b. 08 Jan 1786. She m. James McKnight 01 Jan. 1821 in Rockbridge Co.91. 81 iv. Samuel James Lackey92,93, born 25 February 1787. + 82 v. Thomas James Lackey, born 29 August 1788 and died 06 April 1856 in Rockbridge Co. VA. He married (1)Jane Gilmore (No. 134 below) 13 February 1813 in Rockbridge Co. VA daughter of John Gilmore and Magdalene Shepherd; and (2) Sarah Poage. 83 vi. Nathan Lackey, born 18 Nov 1791; died 01 Dec 1846 in Botetourt Co. VA. 84 vii. Mary Jane Lackey, born 28 September 1792; died 1835. Endnotes: 84. Will of James Gilmore 22 June 1781, Named in father's will. 85. Lackey Family Bible (1807); owned by Joseph H Knick, Martinez Georgia, courtesty of Marilyn B. Headley. 86. Rockbridge County Marriages, Bond made by Jas Lecky and James Dryden. James Gilmore gave consent. Test: Thomas Lecky and Joseph McAlister. 87. Timber Ridge Presb Church:Cemetery Notes; Allen G Hamann, Oct 1992, (Oct 1992), Timber Ridge Presbyterian Church, available at the Library of Virginia. 88. Will of James Lackey 1822. 89. Lackey Family Bible (1807); 90. Will of James Lackey 1822. 91. Lackey Family Bible (1807); 92. Will of James Lackey 1822. 93. Lackey Family Bible (1807); 20. James (Cunningham)3 Gilmore (John2, John1) was born 1754 in Virginia94, and died 1817 in Columbus, Ohio95. He married "Sally" Davidson 14 May 1784 in Rockbridge Co. VA96, daughter of John Davidson. She was born ca. 1765 in Rockbridge Co. VA. Notes for James (Cunningham) Gilmore: James fought in the Revolution. (unverified) In 1783 James was taxed for his mother's slave, Pheabe,who was left to Elinor in her husband's will. James still lived in Rockbridge Co in 1789, Mary K. Wright: James and at least some of his children were in Columbus, Ohio ca 1816, but I do not think all of them were. . . . Diane Gilmore Young reported finding information in The Columbus City Graveyard by Donald Schlagel re. a tombstone reading, "James Gilmore, a natiave of Rockbridge County, VA d. 10 Oct 1817, age 61 yrs." Children of James Gilmore and Sally Davidson are: 85 i. (Mary?) Polly4 Gilmore97, born ca. 1790. She married James Gilmore Davidson 08 December 1808; born ca. 1784. 86 ii. John Gilmore, born ca. 1791. + 87 iii. Robert "Robin" Gilmore, born ca. 1793 in Rockbridge Co. VA; died in Columbus, Ohio. 88 iv. James Gilmore, born ca. 1795. 89 v. Jane Gilmore, born 25 January 1796. She married Nash Lagrande Pitzer98. 90 vi. Samuel Gilmore, born ca. 1797. + 91 vii. Addison Gilmore, born 04 August 1800; died 04 April 1892 in Rockbridge Co.. 92 viii. Sarah E. Gilmore, born 20 September 182499. She married George Poage. (unverified) Note: I'm confused. Did James and Sarah Davidson Gilmore have a daughter born this late? Mary K. Wright: I agree that this date is wrong. Think James and Sally had a daughter named Sally as there is one in the estate settlement. Endnotes: 94. Although James is usually reported as born in Rockbridge Co.and his dob given by Freda Strampe would support this, in the 1850 and 1880 Census, hiis son Addison reports father b in PA. 95. Strampe, Freda, John and Agnes Gilmore of Rockbridge Co. VA, "In 1783 James was taxed for his mother's slave, Pheabe, who was devised to Elinor by her husband, John. James was still living in Rockbridge Co. in 1789.James died in 1818 I believe it was shortly arriving in Ohio. He is buried in Columbus, OH and his estate was shown in Columbus, OH as well as in Rockbridge Co., VA." 96. Rockbridge Marriage Bond Index, 1778-1801, Gilmore, James/Davidson, Sally Davidson, Samuel (bond) Anderson, Wm. (wit)Davidson, John (father) 14 May 1784 1784-012. Gilmore, James/Davidson, Sally Davidson, Samuel Anderson, . 97. Freda Strampe, (letter of Apr 29, 2001). 98. Mary K. Wright. 99. Date of birth for Sarah seems out of line with her siblings, although Sarah would only have been 41, so could easily have been her mother. The 1880 Census Natural Bridge, Rockbridge Co. lists Sarah E. Gilmore, sister of Addison, age 55. Tombstone next to Addison's in Oxford Presb. Cemetery gives name as Miss Sarah E. Gilmore, dob 20 Sept 1824 and dod 18 Apr 1896. This would seem to indicate she is not the Sarah Gilmore who m. George Poage. 21. John C. Gilmore/aka John3 Gilmore III (John2, John1) was born ca. 1743 in Augusta Co. VA, and died 1789 in Fayette, Jessamine Co. KY. He married Elizabeth Wallace100, daughter of Peter Wallace, Jr. She was born 1745 in Augusta Co. VA, and died 1804 in Jessamine CO. KY. Notes for John C. Gilmore/aka John Gilmore III: Some Early Va Marriages, p. 105: John Gilmore b. 1743 d. 1789 m. Elizabeth Wallace b. 1745 d. 1804, daughter of Peter Wallace, Jr. moved to Rockbridge Co. to Jessamine Co., KY; buried John Gilmore Graveyard [Jessamine Co., KY formed from Fayette Co., KY in 1799.] Freda Strampe: In his will, John (4) freed his slave, Solomon. Solomon, a young slave, was left by John Gilmore, Sr. to John Gilmore, Jr. and most probably passed to John (4) at the death of his father. More About Elizabeth Wallace: Will: 19 September 1804, Jessamine Co. KY Will Bk A, pp.92-96. (See Wallace Report by F.Strampe.) Children of John Gilmore and Elizabeth Wallace are: 93 i. Samuel4 Gilmore, born ca. 1765; died Bef. 1804101. More About Samuel Gilmore: Will: Bef. 1804, Left land to his mother, Elizabeth Wallace Gilmore which she refers to in her own will of Sept 1804. 94 ii. Martha Gilmore102, born ca. 1768. She married Jonah W. Burton103; born ca. 1765. 95 iii. Sarah Gilmore104, born ca. 1769. She married Andrew McCampbell105; born ca. 1766. + 96 iv. Ellenor Gilmore, born ca. 1770. 97 v. Elizabeth Gilmore106, born ca. 1775. She married Robert Simpson107. 98 vi. John W Gilmore/aka John Gilmore IV, born ca. 1782 in Fayette (Jessamine) Co. KY108; died 1807 in Fayette Co. KY109. Notes for John W Gilmore/aka John Gilmore IV: Before his death in 1807, John Gilmore IV freed his slave, Solomon, who, along with a slave named Lucius. was probably the same slave bequethed to his father John III from John Gilmore, Jr. 99 vii. Janet Gilmore110,111, born ca. 1784. She married John G. Fenley. 100 viii. Susana Gilmore112, born ca. 1785. Endnotes: 100. Some Early Virginia Marriages, p.105. 101. Strampe, Freda, John and Agnes Gilmore of Rockbridge Co. VA, Died before his mother wrote her will in 1804. His land he left to his mother. 102. Will of John Gilmore IV: Jessamine Co. KY Will Bk A, pp.114,115, In her brother John's will, Martha was left share of his estate amd "one bay mare about seven years old" and her son John BUrton was left 100 pounds. 103. ibid 104. ibid; Sarah was left a share of her brother's estate and "one dark Brown Mare Whith a Balld face 5 years old and her colt" Her son was left 100 pounds. 105. ibid 106. ibid; Left share of estate in brother's will. Her son John left 100 pounds.. 107. ibid; Named in brother's will.. 108. Strampe, Freda, John and Agnes Gilmore of Rockbridge Co. VA, Died without issue. 109. Fayette Co. KY Will Bk A, pp 114,115.. 110. Strampe, Freda, John and Agnes Gilmore of Rockbridge Co. VA, Married John G. Finley/Fendley. 111. Will of John Gilmore IV: Jessamine Co. KY Will Bk A, pp.114,115; in brother's will as "Jane wife of John G. Fenley".. 112. ibid. Married Samuel Laird (Lard? Sard?)as per Freda Strampe. 27. William Morgan3 Gilmore/Gilmer (William2 Gilmore, John1)114 was born ca. 1765115, and died 1841 in Russell Co. VA. He married (1) Martha Edmonson/Edminston 13 October 1791 in Washington Co. VA116. She died Bef. 1810. He married (2) Elizabeth Wright 1810. She died Bef. 1840 in Russell Co. VA. Notes for William Morgan Gilmore/Gilmer: Is this the William Gilmore who referred to his "Uncle Beattie" and caused so much confusion re the Gilmore/Beattie Connection ? According to F. Strampe, he and his family began using the Gilmer spelling regularly, although this spelling is not used in his will. Abstracts of Wills of Russel Co. VA from 1803-1860: William Gilmore dated 2 Oct 1838; beneficiaries: wife, Elizabeth (second and present); children" Margaret, Samuel, James, Cummings, William, Isaac, Westley, Mary and Martha (children by first wife) and Charles. H, Jerusha, wife of James Gibson, Axley and seven other "minor children" who were mentioned but not named; slaves mentioned" Susan, Lucy, Will, to be emancipated "if law permits". Executors: Elizabeth Gilmore, widow, Charles Gilmore and Axley Gilmore, sons; witnesses E.D. Kernan, Wm. Johnson, Charles C Dickenson, Daniel Williams. Will probated 2 Nov 1841, Russel County, p William married for a third time in 1840, to Elizabeth Necessary (F. Strampe). This was two years after he wrote his will, and one year before his death. Children of William Gilmore/Gilmer and Martha Edmonson/Edminston are: 104 i. Margaret4 Gilmer. 105 ii. Samuel E. Gilmer. 106 iii. James (s/o Wm M) Gilmer. 107 iv. Cummings Gilmer. 108 v. William (s/o WM) Gilmer. 109 vi. Isaac Gilmer. 110 vii. John (s/o WM) Gilmer. 111 viii. Thomas (s/o WM) Gilmer. 112 ix. Mary (d/o WM) Gilmer. 113 x. Martha Gilmer. 114 xi. Wesley Gilmer. Children of William Gilmore/Gilmer and Elizabeth Wright are: 115 i. Jerusia4 Gilmore. 116 ii. Charles H. Gilmore/Gilmer. 117 iii. Axley Gilmore. 118 iv. Sarah Gilmore. 119 v. David Gilmore/Gilmer. 120 vi. Rachel Gilmore. 121 vii. Rebecca Gilmore. 122 viii. Joseph (s/o WM ) Gilmore/Gilmer. 123 ix. Daugherty Gilmore/Gilmer. 124 x. Elizabeth Gilmore. Endnotes: 114. Strampe, Freda: John and Agnes Gilmore of Rockbridge County, (May 2001), Married three times in Washington Co. VA 1791,1810, and 1840. Had a total of 20 children. Freda cited Virginian Magazine of History & Biography V.37, p 341; and Abstract of Wills of Russell Co. VA probated Nov 2, 1841 pg. 291. 115. Russell Co. Census of 1810, Samuel E.Gilmore 26-45 yrsWilliam - 45+ yrs. 116. Washington Co. VA Marriages; Marty Hiatte & Craig Roberts Scott; Iberian Publ Co. Athens, GA. 1994. 28. Nancy3 Gilmore(William2, John1) was born 1763, and died 1832 in Russell Co. VA117. She married John Cowan. He died 1799 in Russell Co. VA. Children of Nancy Gilmore and John Cowan are: 125 i. George4 Cowan. 126 ii. David Cowan. 127 iii. John T. Cowan. 128 iv. James G. Cowan. 129 v. Samuel G. Cowan. 130 vi. Andrew Cowan. 131 vii. Martha Cowan. 132 viii. Nancy Cowan. 133 ix. Elizabeth Cowan. Source: 117. Russell Co. Will Bk 4A, pp 619, 620, courtesy F. Strampe. 30. John3 Gilmore(Thomas2, John1)118 was born 09 March 1758 in Augusta Co. VA119,120, and died 06 January 1838 in Augusta Co. VA. He married Magdalene Shepherd 07 June 1791 in Botetourt Co. VA121. She was born ca. 1770. Notes for John Gilmore: Augusta County, VA Will Bk V Page 6.--19th August, 1772. John Gillmore and John Thompson's bond (with Robert Thompson and Alex. Thompson) as guardians to John Gilmore, orphan of Thomas Gilmore. Chalkley's Scotch-Irish Chronicles August 19, 1772, Augusta Co. records show that John Gilmore, aged 14, orphan of Thomas Gilmore, chose John Gilmore and John Thompson guardians. A year earlier, on Aug 3, 1771, John Thompson received a deed for "28 acres adjoining the land belonging to the heirs of Thomas Gilmore on Carrs Creek. " Source: Land Office Patents No. 40, 1771-1772, p. 610 (Reel 39). available LVA A guardian was appointed by the court only if there was an estate to protect. At age thirteen (14?) a child was eligible to go into court and choose his own guardian. Poor orphaned children did not have guardians and were bound out to learn a trade. Since it can now be proven that Orphan John was rescued in November 1764, it would seem that if the county followed usual procedure, he was assigned guardians within a few weeks or months of his resuce, and that the entry dated Aug. 1772, just reflected his acting on his option of picking for himself. It's been suggested that John's mother, Jannet Gilmore, widow of Thomas, married John Thompson sometime between her rescue in January 1765 and 1771. I had suspected Thompson was Orphan John's maternal grandfather or uncle, but if he was John's step-father, that also would explain why he was given guardianship. R.D. Thomas (who noted that this story has not been verified): When John was captured by the Indians and adopted into the Miami Tribe he lived with them for about 11 (?) years, being rescued after a cousin, Jacob Warwick learned from an Indian the he was still alive. After the surrender of Cornstalk, Jacob rode to the Miami River encampment and bought the boy from the Indians, returning with him to Virginia. John remained at Jacob's home until after his mother was also ransomed by Jacob. He was known throughout his life as IndianJohn, wearing moccasins and retaining other habits he had learned. Freda Strampe: I believe --but cannot prove-- that this John, son of Thomas, is the John Gilmore who enlisted near the end of the Revolution and on Jan 17, 1781 at about age 20, he fought in the Battle of Cowpens under Cpt James Gilmore--another grandson of John and Agnes-- and was one of the guards who conducted prisoners to Salisbury. In 1843 he was awarded a pension of $23.33 per annum. He married Magdalene Sheperd in 1790. It is believed he lived on the old homestead and passed it on to his son, William C. Gilmore. The house is a two-story brick on US 60 about 2 miles NW of the crossroads settlement of Kerr's Creek. The walls are 12-14 inches thick . There are slave quarters in the back as well as in a separate building. Note: Other researchers believe it's more likely that the John who fought at the Battle of Cowpens was the son of James Gilmore, Sr. , and that he served as his father's aide. --jmk. Re: "the old homestead" near Kerr's Creek. In 1781, John Thompson bought the property and original house from William Donelson. In 1802, he sold it to John Gilmore, who in 1834, deeded it to his son, William. In 1855, William tore down the old house and replaced it with the one that is there today. For photo and more, see http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/VHI/html/24/0207.html Children of John Gilmore and Magdalene Shepherd are: + 134 i. Jane4 Gilmore, born 22 June 1792; died 06 June 1819 in Rockbridge Co. VA. 135 ii. Elizabeth Gilmore, born 28 November 1793. 136 iii. Nancy Gilmore, born 23 November 1795. She married Andrew McCampbell 27 March 1817 in Rockbridge Co. VA122; born ca. 1790. 137 iv. Rebecca Gilmore, born 01 May 1797. 138 v. Thomas Gilmore, born 05 June 1799; died 06 July 1874123. 139 vi. Frances Gilmore, born 05 March 1801. She married Isaac Taylor 06 September 1827 in Rockbridge Co. VA124. 140 vii. Samuel Gilmore, born 31 January 1803. He married Dianna Anthony Trigg 17 October 1825 in Pittsylvania Co. VA. 141 viii. Cassandra Gilmore, born 13 July 1808. She married Thomas Wilson 24 November 1833 in Rockbridge Co. VA124. 142 ix. Martha Gilmore, born 25 June 1810 in Augusta Co. VA. She married James Lecky 12 June 1837 in Rockbridge Co. VA124. + 143 x. William C. Gilmore, Cpt., born 11 June 1812 in Rockbridge Co.; died 15 March 1890 in Rockbridge Co.. 144 xi. Magdaline Gilmore, born 02 June 1814. Endnotes: 118. Although it cannot be proven, all of the evidence points to "the orphan John Gilmore" being the father of William C. Gilmore. 119. RD Thomas, John b November 08, 1759 Lancaster. PA. Is this the John who served under James Gilmore at Cowpens? (Freda). 120. Freda Strampe, John F Gilmore, pg 106," John..--.believed to be the son of Thomas who was killed at Kerr Creek in 1763-- b 9 Mar 1758 in Augusta Co. d 6 Jan 1838 Augusta Co." 121. Worrell, Ann, Early Marriages, Wills and Some Revoluntionary War Records, Botetourt Co. VA, Dubartis Shepherd made security. 122. Rockbridge County Marriages. 123. Freda Strampe, Report of Thomas Gilmore, pg 96. 124. Rockbridge County Marriages Generation No. 4 40. Robert Beach4 Gilmore, Rev. (John3, James2, John1) was born 1792, and died 1849 in Sweet Water, WY. He married Mary Hansford. She died 1849 in Sweet Water, WY. Emily Wilson: Robert and his brother James both moved to Lincoln County, Missouri, and both served in the War of 1812. These two branches are very intertwined with the Gilillands. Robert became a minister (Baptist, I think). He and his wife died in Sweetwater, Wyoming in 1849 on their way to the California Gold Rush. Their children all returned to Missouri safely and were raised by the Gilillands. Sulphur Lick Cemetery, just outside of Troy, Missouri is the final resting place of many of the Gilmores. Child of Robert Gilmore and Mary Hansford is: + 145 i. Waldren Isaiah5 Gilmore, born 1825; died 1865. Source: Emily Wilson 41. James T.4 Gilmore, Capt. (John3, James2, John1) was born 1800, and died 1830. He married Elizabeth Harriet Hammonds. She was born 1809, and died 1878. Child of James Gilmore and Elizabveth Hammonds is: + 146 i. John Thomas5 Gilmore, Judge, born 1830; died 1898. 43. John4 Gilmore (James3, James2, John1)125 was born 25 November 1784. He married Priscilla Smith 10 October 1808. She was born ca. 1786. Note: Information on this family line is based on report by Wilma Cogdell.125 Children of John Gilmore and Priscilla Smith are: + 147 i. Anderson Smith5 Gilmore, born 1809 in KY; died 1878 in Muskogee, OK. + 148 ii. Robert Gilmore, born 1815; died September 1842. 149 iii. James Gilmore, born ca. 1817. Source: 125. Wilma Cogdell, Memphis, Tenn., Kentucky Historical Society, Frankfort, KY.March 44. Robert4 Gilmore(James3, James2, John1) was born 10 January 1787, and died September 1842. He married Frankie Ford. She was born ca. 1795, the daughter of Zachariah Ford. Children of Robert Gilmore and Frankie Ford are: 150 i. Martha Ann Patsy5 Gilmore, born 1818; died in Andrew Col MO. She married James Madison Logan 1835; born ca. 1815. 151 ii. Zachariah F. Gilmore, born ca. 1818. He was buried in Fillmore, MO. 152 iii. James Gilmore, born ca. 1825. He married Sarah Jane McQueary 1846. Source for all information about Robert is from The Gilmore Family File, by Wilma Sutton Cogdell. 59. JAMES4 GILMORE (SAMUEL3, JAMES2, JOHN1) was born July 15, 1791 in Mercertown, Pulaski, Kentucky and died March 31, 1863 in South Deer Creek, Roseburg, Douglas, Oregon, . He married MARY POTEET July 10, 1814 in Bedford, Tennessee, daughter of ALEXANDER POTEET and MARY SMITH. She was born November 04, 1793 in Lee, Virginia and died November 19, 1881 in South Deer Creek, Roseburg, Douglas, Oregon. All information about James and Mary Poteet Gilmore is courtesy of Clark Bangsund. More About JAMES GILMORE: Buried: 1863, Douglas County, OR History of Clay County, Missouri (c. 1885) page 280. Mary had 13 children http://www.thewares.net/genealogy/darley/fam/fam00057.html Children of James Gilmore and Mary Poteet are: i. Anderson Gilmore, b. Abt. 1815. ii. Samuel Mathison Gilmore, b. 1815, , Bedford, Tennessee; d. 1893, Sherman, Washington; m. Martha Ann Stevenson, February 05, 1837, Clay, http://www.oregonpioneers.com/ortrail.htm http://www.oregonpioneers.com/1843.htm Gilmore, Samuel Mathison (1815-1893): member of first elected law-making body of Oregon in 1844; 1878 was a delegate to first Washington Territorial Constitutional Convention; was a firm believer in the rights of the Indians and did much to secure important fishing privileges for them at The Dalles; died in Sherman County, Washington; letter in OHSQ 1903 #4 p.280-84 1843 (~Age 28) Migrated to Oregon with the Applegates (per The History of Klickitat County, Washington and www.oregonpioneers.com/1852.htm) 1844 (~Age 29) Member of the Oregon State Legislature 1881 (~Age 66) Living in Klickitat County, Washington iii. Ellen Gilmore, b. Abt. 1819. iv. Mathew C. Gilmore, b. 1818. v. Rebecca Gilmore, b. Abt. 1817. vi. Mahala Elvira Gilmore was born Dec. 1821 in Missouri and died Sept. 18, 1909 in , Sonoma, California, . She married (1) John M. Barker, son of James Barker and Nancy Murray; (2) Stephen K. Waymire on March 05, 1840 in , Buchanan, Missouri, . He was born Abt. 1821, died 1852 in Oregon Trail. She married (3) William Douglas GilliamSept. 10, 1855 in OR' Notes for William Gilliam 1850 Census Marion County, OR 1860 Census Polk County, OR 1870 Census Wasco County, OR Sheriff of Champoeg County, OR(?) [It is a city and may have been a county?] 9/1849-1850-Appointed Sheriff of Marion County, OR, then Marion County, OR Coroner. 1867-Justice of the Peace for Wasco County, OR vii. Margaret Priscilla Gilmore, b. February 06, 1824; d. Sept. 22, 1880; m. Unk. Baker Burial: Douglas Co. Pioneer, Vol. 9 No. 1 Mar 1995 viii. Virginia Caroline Gilmore, b. February 23, 1825 in Missouri; d. January 17, 1891, Roseburg, Douglas, OR, ; m. William A. Willis, January 17, 1845 in Andrew, Missouri. Both buried in Douglas, OR. (Source Douglas County Pioneer, Vol. 9 No. 1 Mar 1995) Notes for William Willis: Minister - Evangelist ix. David McLlwain Gilmore, b. June 24, 1827, St. Joseph, Buchanan, Clay, Missouri, ; d. June 05, 1899, Holton Creek, Kerby, Josephine, OR, He married Mary Barker August 18, 1858 in South Deer Creek / Roseburg, Douglas, OR, , daughter of James Barker and Nancy Murray. She was born June 01, 1843 in Kansas City, Platte, Missouri, , and died September 04, 1922 in Kerby, Josephine, OR, . Notes for David M. Gilmore 1849 (~age 22) Crossed the plains and settled in southern California. 1852 (~age 25) He later (1854?) returned with Mary F. Barker (~age 9?) on a wagon train that was led by Captain James Barker, Mary's father. The Gilmore's moved to (South?) Deer Creek, OR because of a severe draught in southern California. 1858 (~age 31) Living in South Deer Creek / Roseburg, Douglas, OR, and married Mary Frances Barker. 1860 (~Age 33) May have been living in Douglas County as a David Gilmore is listed in the 1860 census. 1865 (~age 38) Stopped/wintered (?) in Canyonville, Douglas, OR, as daughter Louise Frances Gilmore born there. 1866 (~age 39) moved to Josephine County, OR. Waldo? He later freighted from Crescent City to Waldo and Browntown, OR. David was a partner of Charles Beech & A. H. Platter. 1887 (~age 60) the Gilmore's moved to Woodville (now Rogue River), Jackson, OR. Old records show that they lost their ranch in the severe flood of 1889-1890. 1893 (~age 66) moved to Kerbyville, OR (aka Kerby). 1899 (~age 72) died in Kerbyville, OR (aka Kerby) according to son Charles in 1935. Notes for Mary Frances Barker: 1852 (~age 9) Mary F. Barker came west on a wagon train that was led by Captain James Barker, her father. 1854 came west across the plains according to son Charles in 1935. 1858 (~age 15) Living in South Deer Creek / Roseburg, Douglas, ORand married David McLlwain Gilmore. Married at ~15yr 2mo. Children of David Gilmore and Mary Barker are: 1. Alice Ann Lucinda Gilmore b. 01 July 1859 Roseburg, OR; d. Dec.r 23, 1911, Portland, OR, . 2. Julie McLlwain Gilmore b. Feb 18, 1861, Roseburg, OR. d. July 18, 1931, Chico, Butte, CA 3. James Thomas Gilmore b. May 01, 1863, Roseburg, OR., d. Nov. 14, 1927, Grants Pass, OR. 4. Louise Frances Gilmore b. Dec 15, 1865, Canyonville, Douglas, OR; d. Sept 19, 1903 Josephine, OR. 5. Charles Anderson Gilmore b. April 25, 1868, Josephine Co. OR,d. Aug 02, 1955, Redding, CA. 6. David Bascom Gilmore b. Feb 11, 1870,Josephine, OR; d. Dec 17, 1954, Grants Pass, OR 7. Frank Milford Gilmore b. July 09, 1872, Sucker Creek, Josephine, OR., d. Oct. 28, 1943, Gold Beach, Curry, OR, . 8. Hattie Ellen Gilmore b. April 23, 1875, Sucker Creek, Josephine, OR., d. Abt. July 06, 1893, Rogue River, Jackson, OR 9. John Green Gilmore b. June 13, 1877, Sucker Creek, OR., d. Oct 08, 1958, Eureka, CA. 10. Freddie Gilmore b. Nov. 03, 1879, Sucker Creek, OR, ; d. Nov. 21, 1879, Kerby, Josephine, OR. 11. William Edgar Gilmore b. June 27, 1881 Sucker Creek, OR, d. Jan 05, 1963 Eureka, CA., 12.Maude Ella Gilmore b. Feb. 09, 1886, Kerby, Josephine, OR., ; d. Feb. 28, 1984, Eureka, CA.. x. Cynthia E. Gilmore b. Abt. 1828; m. (1) Unk. RobertsAbt. 1848; b. Abt. 1828; m. (2) Elijah Burrass Aug 16, 1849 Buchanan, Missouri, ; b. Abt. 1828. xi. Mary Jane Gilmore b. 1829; d. February 07, 1868, Roseburg, Douglas, OR., . xii. James P. Gilmore, b. April 18, 1830, Clay, Missouri, ; d. July 04, 1903, Goldendale, Klickitat, WA.. xiii. Catharine Gilmore, b. Abt. 1831; m. UNKNOWN HARRINGTON, Abt. 1851; b. Abt. 1831. xiv. Thomas Gilmore, b. June 13, 1836; d. October 15, 1858, Roseburg, OR. Burial: The Gilmore Cemetery, SE of Roseburg xv. Josephine Gilmore, b. 1837 in Missouri, d. 1852, on Oregon Trail, of Cholera. 62. Paxton4 Gilmore(Joseph3, James2, John1)126 was born 10 February 1796 in Rockbridge Co. VA, and died 04 May 1864 in Rockbridge Co. VA127. He married Sarah "Sallie" Porter Irvine 20 February 1827 in Rockbridge Co. VA128,129. She was born ca. 1800, and died 05 August 1851 in Rockbridge Co. VA130,131. Notes for Paxton Gilmore: J.W. Wheatley genealogy paper (Copy on file courtesy of Eileen Hacker) which begins: "The following is a copy of a copy furnished me by Josephine Gilmore Yeatman, June 28, 1912, (signed) J.W. Wheatley". The paper contains an extract from a letter written by Paxton Gilmore and a short genealogy written by Josephine, that begins with Joseph Gilmore and includes his children. "My father, Joseph Gilmore, was next to the youngest of 16 or 17 children of James Gilmore and Martha Denison, his wife, Protestant emigrants from the North of Ireland, sometime between 1735 and 1740. Whether they were married in Ireland or Pennsylvany (sic) I never was able to learn... My mother, Susan Paxton, was the daughter of William Paxton and Eleanor Hayes of near Lexington, Va., of Scotch- Irish descent. ... There is a tradition handed down in the family that they were of a clan in Scotland that had for their motto a bloody hand. (An extract from a letter written by Paxton Gilmore.)" About her grandfather Paxton Gilmore, Josephine wrote, "Paxton Gilmore, born February 10, 1796, died of apoplexy at Sidney Vale July 4, 1864. He married Sallie Porter Irvine February 20, 1827, who died at Gilmore's Mill August 5, 1851, of typhoid fever. He was a quiet, studious man; served in the Mexican and Civil Wars; wasa Magistrate for several years, and had been chosen to the position of High Constable, when by act of the Legis- lature the candidates for that position were elected by ballot and he was not a candidate....He (had) four daughters and one son." According to the Paxton book by W.M. Paxton, Paxton Gilmore and his wife, " lived at Gilmore Mills,near Natural Bridge, in their ancestral home. He was a Magistrate for many years, a pleasant, agreeable, intelligent and well informed gentleman. " However, the"ancestral home" mentioned by W.M. Paxton was Sidney Vale and it was left to Paxton Gilmore's half-brothers: ". . .to my sons Thomas and Joseph Gilmore, the Sidneyvale Tract of Land at their Mother's death . . . .", and ". . . to heirs of my son, Paxton Gilmore, the tract of Land and Mill bought of John Miller and a Negro boy Dave, a cooper by trade. . . . . Lastly. . . appoint my two sons Madison and Paxton Gilmore and William Humes my Executors of this my last will and testament. . . sixth of December 1828." There was trouble settling the estate, however, and the first settlement was set aside as it did not take into consideration ". . . the will of the Testator." After the death of Paxton's wife in 1851, Paxton seems to have left the area and his children came under the care of their uncle, Joseph Gilmore, Jr. Freda Strampe: E-mail 5-28-02-- I have just been reading over what I have on Paxton Gilmore - the agreement that he made with Joseph Gilmore (Jr.) where he "sold" everything to Joseph with the agreement that he could continue to use everything - house, furniture, slaves, livestock. (1827 I think it was)Then in about 1842 he mortgaged the land he was inheriting from his half-brother, Thomas Gilmore. He must have had a problem - poor businessman or a gambler. Since his wife died in 1851, he may just have up and left! Rockbridge County Court October 4, 1852 Will Bk 12, p.323 . . .The condition of the above obligation is such that if the above bound Joseph Gilmore who hath been duly chosen and appointed Guardian of Josephine P. Gilmore, Virginia M. Gilmore, and Flora I. Gilmore daughters of Paxton Gilmore shall truly and faithfully discharge the duties of his office of Trust accordingto law then the above obligation to be void otherwise to remain in full force. Sealed and delivered in the presence of Jos. Gilmore (seal), E.Echols (seal) October 5, 1853 Will Bk. 13 , pg 10 Settlement of Account of Joseph Gilmore, Guardian of the infant heirs of Paxton Gilmore. More About Paxton Gilmore: Burial: High Bridge Cemetery132 More About Sarah "Sallie" Porter Irvine: Burial: High Bridge Cemetery Children of Paxton Gilmore and Sarah Irvine are: + 153 i. Salina A. Irvine5 Gilmore, b. 09 Feb 1829,Rockbridge Co.; d. 17 Feb 1877,Botetourt Co. VA. 154 ii. Lafayette Gilmore133,134,135 b. 03 October 1830; d. August 1848 in Rockbridge Co.136. + 155 iii. Josephine Paxton Gilmore, b. 09 March 1833 in Rockbridge Co.; d. 11 Jan. 1912 in Selma, AL. 156 iv. Virginia Marshall Gilmore, b. 22 March 1835; d. 05 July 1901 in Rockbridge Co.. Burial: High Bridge Cemetery 157 v. Flora Irene Gilmore137, born 07 April 1839; died 02 January 1871. Endnotes: 126. Wm. M. Paxton, The Paxtons-We Are One, (Platte City, MO 1903). 127. Gilmore Headstone in High Bridge Presb Cemetery. Date of death on stone reads May 4, 1864. According to a letter written by his daughter, Josephine Gilmore Yeatman to J.W. Wheatley, Paxton died on July 4, 1864. 128. Rockbridge County, VA Records. 129. Yeatman, Josephine Gilmore;. 130. Barnhardt, Becky: Name: Sarah Porter IRVINE Sex: F Death: 5 AUG 1851 Note: Died of typhoid fever at Gilmore's Mills . 131. Josephine Gilmore Yeatman, Wheatley, J.W.; Genealogy notes of June 28, 1912, Letter from Josephine Gilmore Yeatman, " (Sallie) died at Gilmore's Mill August 5, 1851, of typhoid fever." 132. Gilmore Headstone in High Bridge Presb Cemetery. Names of Paxton and his wife, Sarah, are included on the tombstone below those of his parents and grandparents. 133. Barnhardt, Becky. Name: Lafayette Marshall GILMORE Sex: M Birth: 3 OCT 1830 Death: AUG 1848 Note: Note: Died of typhoid fever . 134. Yeatman, Josephine Gilmore;. 135. Lewis Barnett. 136. Yeatman, Josephine Gilmore;, "(Lafayette) ... died of typhoid fever." 137. Barnhardt, Becky ID: I898 Name: Flora Irene GILMORE Sex: F Birth: 7 APR 1839 Death: 2 JAN 1871 Change Date: 3 NOV 2001. 63. Mary "Polly" Paxton4 Gilmore (Joseph3, James2, John1)138 was born 22 March 1799 in Rockbridge Co. VA139, and died 12 December 1848 in Rockbridge Co.139. She married (1) Jesse D. Rowland 14 October 1819 in Sidney Vale, Rockbridge Co.140,141,142, son of Thomas Rowland and Mary Russell. He was born 15 September 1783 in Botetourt County, VA143, and died ca. 1829 in Rockbridge County, VA144. She married (2) Joseph Layne 10 January 1832 in Botetourt Co. VA145. Notes for Jesse D. Rowland: War of 1812 pay rolls and muster rolls (available LVA): Rowland, Jesse. General Note Pay Rolls, p.226 Jesse married Mary "Polly" Gilmore, the step-daughter of his sister, Milly Rowland Gilmore, Mary's mother, Susannah Paxton was Joseph Gilmore's first wife. Polly was one of four children --and the only daughter--of Susannah and Joseph. Botetourt Co. Clerk's Office: Settlement of estate of Jesse Rowland Children named: Joseph G., Robert M., Elizabeth S. and William P. Sale of Goods 1829, Accounts begin in 1831. (courtesy of Patte Wood) Children of Mary Gilmore and Jesse Rowland are: 158 i. Joseph Gilmore5 Rowland, born 1821 in Botetourt Co. VA146; died in Texas after 1852. He married Anna Marie Paxton 17 March 1852 in Botetourt Co.147,148; born 07 March 1830. More About Joseph Gilmore Rowland: Census: 1850, Botetourt Co. living with brother Robert. Emigration: Texas after 1850 , but not found in census records. 159 ii. Robert Madison Rowland, born 11 September 1822 in High Bridge, VA; died 29 May 1865 in Point Lookout Prison, Maryland. 160 iii. Elizabeth Susan Rowland, born 1828 in Botetourt Co. VA; died Aft. 1880. 161 iv. William Paxton Rowland, born 1830 in Botetourt Co. VA; died 1887 in Texas. Children of Mary Gilmore and Joseph Layne are: 162 i. James D.5 Layne149, born Aft. 10 January 1832. 163 ii. Selma A. Layne149, born Aft. 1832. For a continuation of this family, see Rowland Endnotes: 138. Paxton Heirs vs Paxton Widow1806. 139. Yeatman, Josephine Gilmore;. 140. Dodd, Jordan et al Early American Marriages, (available at ancestry.com). 141. Henley Marriage & Obituary Database, LVA, NEWSPAPER Lexington News-letter ENTRY Married- On Thursday last, by Rev. Samuel Houston, Jesse D. Roland, Esq., of Botetourt County, to Miss Mary Gilmore, daughter of Joseph Gilmore, Esq., of this county. (p. 3, c. 4) DATE OF PUB. Saturday, October 23, 1819. Available on microfilm (Library of Virginia Film 323). . 142. Henley Marriage & Obituary Database, LVA, Lexington News-letter, Saturday, October 23, 1819.ENTRY Married- On Thursday last, by Rev. Samuel Houston, Jesse D. Roland, Esq., of Botetourt County, to Miss Mary Gilmore, daughter of Joseph Gilmore, Esq., of this county. (p. 3, c. 4) . 143. Rowland-Gilmore Family Bible. 144. Botetourt Co. VA. Records,, 1829 - Jesse Rowland Bk.E, p. 61 Settlement, p. 78 Inventory, p. 85 Sale Bill. Bk. F, 206 Report, F 239, Settlement.Courtesy Freda Strampe. 145. Dodd, Jordan et al Early American Marriages, (available at ancestry.com). 146. Census 1850 Botetourt Co. VA, Living with Rbt M Rowland 147. Paxton, Linda; Missouri Paxtons. 148. Vogt & Kethley, Botetourt Co. Marriages 1770-1853, Iberian Pub. Co. Athens, Georgia 1987, Licence dated 9 Mar 1852; d Capt James Paxton, cert from father. Marriage 17 Mar 1852 John M Cockran (minister). 149. Unverified. 65. Eliza Stuart4 Gilmore (Joseph3, James2, John1) was born 03 May 1807 in Rockbridge Co. VA150, and died 13 October 1860 in Missouri151. She married William M. Humes 12 November 1829 in Sidney Vale Plantation152, son of John Humes and Elizabeth Carlin. He was born 18 January 1800 in Philadelphia, PA 153, and died 30 November 1848 in Morgan Co., Missouri. More About Eliza Stuart Gilmore and William M. Humes Census: Morgan Co. MO154,155 When William was a young boy living in Richmond, VA., he cut his hip while swimming, and the resulting injury (described as a "white swelling"), caused him to be sent to Philadelphia for extended treatment. He received most of his education there. Later, after he returned to Richmond, his health remained bad, and hoping it might improve if he left the climate of the Tidewater area, he went up to Rockbridge County. Finding a business opening, he became a merchant at Balcony Falls and also at Gilmore's Mill. It was there that he met and married Eliza Gilmore. For awhile, they were in Marion, Smith County (now W. VA) where William engaged in the manufacture of cotton yarn. They joined William's father in Miller County, Missouri before 1838., and are found there in the census of 1840. William died in 1848, leaving a wife and young children between the ages of 8 and 18. Re William and Eliza's children: John Carlin died the year after his father. 1850 Census Buffalo Twn Morgan County, MO Eliza is listed as head of household. (William died in 1848.) Her father-in-law, John Humes, is shown living with her. Eliza J Humes 43 4000 VA Thomas 19 Laborer " Joseph 16 " " Mildred 12 MO James 10 MO (sic) Mary (Mary*) 8 " John (James*) Humes 80 VA Elizabeth Lans.... 20 VA Car____ Popejoy 23 Laborer (male) TN Children of Eliza Gilmore and William Humes are: 164 i. John Carlin5 Humes156, b. 04 Aug 1830 in Sidney Vale, Rockbridge Co. VA; died 14 June 1849157. 165 ii. Thomas Rowland Humes, born 20 August 1832 in VA died 24 July 1899 in Texas. 166 iii. Joseph Gilmore Humes, born 30 August 1835 in Virginia; died 1896 in Texas. 167 iv. Mildred Maria Humes, born 17 July 1838 in Miller Co. MO; died 08 March 1908 near Spokane, WA 168 v. James Edwin Humes, born 10 Sept 1840 at Sidney Vale, Rockbridge Co. VA; died 17 Dec 1912 in Wilbur, WA. 169 vi. Mary Ada Humes, b. ca. 1844 in MO; died Aft. 24 Aug. 1860 in Osage, Morgan Co. MO158,159 Endnotes: 150. Josephine Gilmore Yeatman, Wheatley, J.W.; Genealogy notes of June 28, 1912. 151. Yeatman, Josephine Gilmore;. 152. Dodd, Jordan; Early American Marriages, VA to 1850, Date of Bond ? Name given as Elizabeth Gilmore. Samule Houston, Presbyterian Minister officiated. 153. Peter Binkley; Wheatley Family Archives: "Mother's grandfather (John. Humes) married Eliza Carlin in Philadelphia, where were born William..." 154. 1850 Census Morgan Co. MO.. 155. 1860 Census Morgan Co. MO. 156. Wheatley Family Archives, Full name given in letter from sister, Mildred. 157. Peter Binkley; Wheatley Family Archives http://www.wallandbinkley.com/wheatley/catalog.html: I.C.h. Letter to Elizabeth Humes ("Mother" = Eliza Stuart Gilmore Humes, 1807-1860) from John C. Humes, 1830-49), Boonville, Friday 25 May [1849]. 1849 is the only year between 1838 and John's death when 25 May fell on a Friday. John died 14 June 1849. 158. Binkley, Peter, Peter Binkley, Wheatley Family History, Humes Genealogy. 159. Census 1860 Morgan Co., Osage Twn. Enumeration date: 24 Aug 1860. Mary in household with mother and brothers Tom and James. Special thanks to Eileen Hacker and Peter Binkley for copies of original documents. 67. Joseph4 Gilmore, Jr, Capt. (Joseph3, James2, John1) was born 29 August 1812 in Rockbridge Co. VA160, and died 16 February 1863 in Sidney Vale, Rockbridge Co. VA161. He married (1) Catherine Beal Rowland162 16 June 1840 in Botetourt Co.163,164, daughter of David Rowland and Elizabeth Jordan. She was born March 1812 in Botetourt Co. VA, and died Bef. 1847 in Virginia. He married (2) Catherine B Paxton 02 November 1847 in Botetourt County, VA165,166,167, daughter of James Paxton and Catherine Jordan. She was born ca. 1826 in Botetourt Co. VA168, and died Bef. January 1863 in Rockbridge Co. VA169. Notes for Joseph Gilmore, Jr, Capt.: Together with his brother Tom, Joe was a graduate of Washington College, class of 1832-33. When Tom went on to get his B of Law at U. of VA in 1836, Joe chose farming, and it was Joe who continued farming at the Gilmore family plantation, Sidney Vale. Virginia Military Academy Archives (available online) 1860 April 11 - 28 Francis H. Smith: Outgoing Correspondence PAGE 197 60G13 VMI-3 TO: Jos. Gilmore Esq/ Gilmore's Mills Va/ DS I regret exceedingly to have to report to you that your Son was seen by one of our Professors on Saturday last in a state ofintoxication. You know the stringency of our regulations (...) & how necessary it is that(...) be rigidly enforced. I would be glad to see you on the subject before I take any actionon it if it (...) be convenient to you. /FHS/ The son referred to was Tom, VMI Class of 1861. Apparently this problem was settled to everyone's satisfaction, as Tom went on to graduate with his class. Will of Joseph Gilmore Rockbridge County, VA Will Book 17, pp. 56 Written January 15, 1863 and Presented March 2, 1863 I Joseph Gilmore of the County of Rockbridge and State of Virginal do hereby make this my last will and testament as follows, vis:1st I desire that my funeral expenses, medical bills, and other justdebts shall be paid by my executor out of any money on hand , bonds or other assets. 2nd I leave and bequeath to my several children Thomas R. Gilmore, Elisabeth J. Gilmore, Henry C. Gilmore and William J. Gilmore my Sydney Vale tract of land including the six hundred acres moun___ track adjoining, and my Reeds farms, together with all the farming implements of every description therein, all my negroes (except a girl Hannah Mary by name,) all of my stocks of every description, to be divided among them equally when my son William J. Gilmore becomes of age, unless one or more of them(my s__ children) shall marry or want their interest after becoming of age, when my executor may then make distribution either in whole or in part. Until that period, I desire that my executor shall keep this property all together in the same situation as it may be at my death, and the profits of this property shall there be any after paying the ordinary expenses of the family, who I desire shall live on the farm and the school expenses of my sons Henry C and Wm J. Gilmore, to be equally divided among my said children. 3rd I give & bequeath to my daughter Elisabeth J. Gilmore my servant girl Hannah Mary. 4th I desire that my executor shall sell my interest in the Gilmore Mill property in conjunction with the other owners of said property, also all of my property I own in the town of Buchanan, and to invest the proceeds thereof in such interest bearing stocks or bonds as in his judgment may seem best for the interest of my estate, until distribution of my estate as above named, when I desire this fund also to be equally divided among my said several children. 5th I desire that all my other estate of every description shall be equally divided among my said children as before mentioned. 6th I hereby appoint my friend John F. Greenlee my executor to carry out the provisions of this my last will and testament, and desire and request that he may be allowed to qualify as such without being required to give security, I having full confidence in his integrity and honor. 7th It is my wish and desire that my executor should out of the funds belonging to my estate pay for certain monuments or tombstones which my friend Edward Echols may have erected over my own and some of my friends graves in the grave yards at High Bridge and Locust Bottom Churches. Witness my hand and seal this 15 day of January 1863. Jos. Gilmore (Seal) Signed, sealed, and delivered in the presence of the following witnesses James Campbell . . . and subscribing witness Edward Echols. At Rockbridge County Court March 2, 1863... Teste C. Chapin Note: John Greenlee was allowed to serve without security as desired by Joseph, but agreed to posting a bond in the amount of one hundred and twenty thousand dollars. Note: "J" and "S" look identical in this will. 1880 Census Natural Bridge, Rockbridge Co. VA William J. GILMORE Self S Male W 28 VA Farmer VA VA Elizabeth C. GILMORE Sister S Female W 35 VA Keeping House VA VA Elizabeth was married in 1882, and Willy in 1883. Along with Tom, they were the last Gilmore owners of Sidney Vale, the Gilmore plantation, first mentioned by name in their grandfather Joseph Gilmore, Sr.'s will of 1828. Possibly --not proven-- this is the same plantation Joseph, Sr. and his brother William inherited in 1783 from their father, James Gilmore. More About Joseph Gilmore, Jr, Capt.: Burial: Rockbridge Co. Children of Joseph Gilmore and Catherine Rowland are: + 170 i. Thomas Russell5 Gilmore, born 1841 in Rockbridge Co. VA; died 22 Nov. 1903 in Roanoke, VA. following an accident. 171 ii. Elizabeth J. Gilmore, born 1845 in Rockbridge Co. VA170. She married James T. McCrum 13 April 1882 in Rockbridge Co.171; born 1835 in PA. She may have been his 2nd wife. Notes for James T. McCrum: From Rockbridge Co. Marriage Records: McCRUM, JAMES T. WHITE, HARRIET N. 23 Oct 1860 RockBridge VA McCRUM, JAMES T. GILMORE, ELIZABETH E. 13 Apr 1882 RockBridge VA Is this the same James? If so, Elizabeth was his 2nd wife. 172 iii. Henry/Harry Gilmore172,173,174, born Bef. 1847 in Rockbridge Co. VA; died 10 May 1865 on David's Island, NY175,176. Notes for Henry/Harry Gilmore: Residence: Occupation: Service Record 177 Enlisted as a Private on 20 October 1864 Enlisted in Company H, 4th Infantry Regiment Virginia on 20 October 1864. POW on 25 March 1865 at Fort Stedman, VA Wounded on 25 March 1865 at Fort Stedman, VA (Shot in head) Died of wounds Company H, 4th Infantry Regiment Virginia on 10 May 1865 on David's Island, NY . Henry's brother Tom went to NY to bring Henry's body home. He is buried a High Bridge Cemetery, Rockbridge, VA. Children of Joseph Gilmore and Catherine Paxton are: + 173 i. William James5 Gilmore, born 07 December 1851 in Rockbridge Co. VA; died Aft. 1920 in Rockbridge Co. VA. 174 ii. Anne Gilmore, born ca. 1854 in Rockbridge Co. VA; died Bef. 1863 in Rockbridge Co. VA178. Ann is not mentioned in her father's will, and it's thought she died before it was written Re: Children of Joseph Gilmore, Jr. When Joseph died in 1863, Willy was only 12. Endnotes: 169. Will of Joseph Gilmore, Jr., Rockbridge Co. VA Will Book 17, pp. 56, Catherine was not named in husband's will, which was written 15 January 1863. 170. Census 1880 Rockbridge Co. VA., Birth year listed as 1845 in 1880 Census online. Middle initial given as "C". Earlier census give middle initial "E". Father's will names her as Elizabeth J. Gilmore. . 171. Rockbridge County Marriages, Elizabeth d/o J. and C.B. Gilmore.[Catherine B. Paxton Gilmore]. 172. Wm. M. Paxton, The Paxtons-We Are One, (Platte City, MO 1903), pg 257. 173. Morse, Sally Luten, Named as younger brother of Tom Russell Gilmore. 174. 1860 Census Rockbridge Co VA, Listed as "H. Carter Gilmore" , age 16. 175. Morse, Sally Luten; genforum 11-18-01. Henry was shot in the head ... taken to prison and died at the camp hospital (??) in NY harbor. Tom brought his remains home (shipped home) to be buried in High Bridge Cemetery. 176. American Civil War Soldiers, (ancestry.com) 177. ibid 178. Will of Joseph Gilmore, Jr., Rockbridge Co. VA Will Book 17, pp. 56, Not named in father's will of January 1863. 69. Agnes Nancy4 Gilmore (William3, James2, John1) was born 09 May 1784 in Rockbridge Co., and died 28 February 1852 in Morning Sun, Preble Co. Ohio179. She married Jonathan Paxton179 07 February 1799 in Rockbridge Co. (Sidney Vale?)180, son of Samuel Paxton and Rachel Paxton. He was born 28 December 1777 in Adams Co. PA181 and died 05 February 1852 in Preble Co. Ohio.182 Early reports gave the date of Jonathan's marriage to Agnes as 1798, but according to the marriage bond, the couple were married in 1799 when Agness was 15, not 14 yrs. old as reported below: "Agnes was only 14 years old in February 1798 (sic) when she married Jonathan Paxton" --Clementine Brown Railey,The Ochiltrees (1916) Marriage Bond of Jonathan Paxton and Agnes Gilmore (courtesy of Mary K. Wright) Know all men by these presents that we Jonathan Paxton and Joseph Gilmore held and firmly bound to James ___governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia or his successor in the sum of one hundred and fifty dollars to which payment well and truly to be made we bind ourselves our heirs Executors and jointly and severally firmly by these presents. Witness our hands and seal this fifth Day of February 1799. The condition of the above obligation is dsuch that wereas there is a marriage Shortly intended to be solemnized between the above bound Jonathan Paxton and Agnes gilmore, Daughter of William Gilmore of Rockbridge County. If therefore there shall be no lawful cause to obstruct the same then this Obligation to be void or else to remain in full force. Jonathan Paxton Jos. Gilmore This will athorise you to Eshew llisens for Jonathan Paxton and my Daughter Agness to Joyn in the obnds of Margage. (Signed) Wm. Gilmore February 5th 1799 Witness present: Jo.Gilmore, J.Gilmore(one other, not readable.) More About Agnes Nancy Gilmore: Burial: Hopewell Cemetery Notes for Jonathan Paxton: The son of Samuel Paxton, Jr and his 2nd wife, Rachel. According to Dr. George W Diehl's Notebook articles, Samuel had 22 children. When he (Samual) died in Feb 1793, Jonathan was only 16. He claimed his small portion of any estate and drifted off to the Valley of Virginia to make his own way in the world. He found his uncle Thomas Paxton, and later came to the Gilmore plantation of Sidney Vale and was employed there. Children of Agnes Gilmore and Jonathan Paxton are: 175 i. Robert5 Paxton, born 1799 in Rockbridge Co. VA; died 30 January 1872 in Ohio. Married: 10 March 1824, Mary Ann McDill Misc.: Bet. 1840 - 1846, Justice of the Peace in Preble Co. OH 176 ii. William G Paxton, born 1800 in Rockbridge Co. VA; died 1873 in Mercer Co. IL. Married: 15 September 1829, Catherine Diehl + 177 iii. Martha "Patsy" Paxton, born 1802 in Rockbridge Co.; died 03 February 1852 in Preble County and is buried in Hopewell Cemetery. 178 iv. Samuel Paxton, born 27 August 1804 in Rockbridge Co.;; died 02 October 1834 in IN (?). 179 v. Rachel Paxton, born 29 September 1805 in Rockbridge Co.; died 18 February 1852 in Preble Co. OH. Married: 11 March 1824, Preble Co. to William McGaw, Jr. 180 vi. James S Paxton, born 15 June 1807 in Rockbridge Co. VA; died 1898 in OH . Censured & suspended by Hopewell Church for "...his sins of Slander, Lying & profane wearign and contumacy" after spreading tales of his sexual conquests with young Gilmore cousins. James later married and became involved in politics. 181 vii. Thomas L Paxton, born 13 March 1809 in VA; died 1864. Married: 06 June 1839, Preble Co. OH to Martha Weed. 182 viii. Eli Paxton, born 02 April 1811 in VA; died 19 December 1857 in Ohio. Married: 17 November 1831, Preble Co. to Sarah Whiteman 183 ix. J Madison Paxton, born 28 May 1813 in Rockbridge Co.VA. Misc.: ca. 1863, his son Thomas Paxton, a Union soldier, died in battle during Civil War. 184 x. Sarah W Paxton, born 04 November 1814 in Rockbridge Co. VA; died ca. 1843 in Ohio. Married: 1837, Preble Co. OH to Samuel Weed. 185 xi. Sabina Gilmore Paxton, born 28 April 1817 in Ohio(?). Married: 1855, Preble Co. to James H. Graham. 186 xii. Jonathan Paxton, Jr, born 28 March 1819 in Ohio; died August 1901 in College Corner, OH. Married: 1852, Preble Co. OH Elizabeth McQuiston 187 xiii. Lena Irwin Paxton, born 28 October 1820 in OH. (Sometimes listed as "Sina".) 188 xiv. Mary J. Paxton, born 28 May 1823 in Preble Co. OH; died 29 June 1895 in OH. Married: 1849, Preble Co. OH to Thomas C. McDill. 189 xv. Eliza Paxton, born 1825. 190 xvi. Alexander P Paxton, born 1826. 191 xvii. Agnes L Paxton, born 1827. Endnotes: 179. Diehl, Dr. George W; Rockbridge Co. VA Notebook. (Compiled by A. Maxim Coppage, III). 180. ibid; Rev. Wm Baldridge officiated at wedding. 181. ibid; RD Thomas shows his place of birth as Cumberland Twsp, York Co. PA. 182. ibid 70. James (Wm)4 Gilmore (William3, James2, John1) was born 25 January 1790 in Rockbridge Co. VA, and died 17 February 1845 in Putnamville, OH. He married (1) Polly Grigsby 24 June 1813 in Rockbridge, VA. She was born ca. 1790 in VA, and died Bef. 1820 in Ohio183. He married (2) Emma Elizabeth "Betsy" Ramsey October 1820 in Preble, OH. She was born ca. 1797, and died after the Census of 1860, when she appears in the household of her son Robert, giving her age as 63. Notes for James (Wm) Gilmore: Estate settled by his nephew "Thomas Leech" Children of James Gilmore and Polly Grigsby are: 192 i. Eli5 Gilmore, born 1814. 193 ii. Sarah J. Gilmore, born 1816. Mary K. Wright: Information suggests that [the Gilmore] grandparents cared for the two children of James and Polly --Eli and Sally. Later, Eli is in the household of James and his second wife, Elisabeth Ramsey, but Sally remained in the household of William and Martha. Children of James Gilmore and Emma Ramsey are: 194 i. William Ramsey5 Gilmore, born ca. 1820. 195 ii. Mary Agnes Gilmore, born 1824. 196 iii. Martha Lackey Gilmore, born 1825. 197 iv. Joseph Shields Gilmore, born 1828. Enlisted Co I, 27, IND., Vol Inft. He was killed at the battle of Gettsburg, July 4, 1863. 183 198 v. James Irwing Gilmore, born 10 October 1829 in Preble, OH; died 09 July 1909. He married Elizabeth Christian Hawkins 04 September 1858 in Ohio184,185. After his parent's death, James made his home with his cousin, Thomas Leech Gilmore, son of Thomas and Margaret Leech Gilmore. When his cousin died, James married his cousin's widow, Elizabeth Hawkins Gilmore, who had been left with 8 young children. He lived on the farm in Putnam Co. OH until he enlisted in the Civil War and service with the 18 Battery, IND. Light Artillery, Eli Lillie, Capt. on Aug 2, 1862. He served as wagon master, went with Sherman to the sea, and although never wounded, suffered from the effects of war for the balance of his life. (House of Ochiltree, which spells his name as James Irving Gilmore) Burial: Soldier's Home, Grand Isle. NE186 More About Elizabeth Christian Hawkins: Children: 187 199 vi. Samuel Lackey Gilmore, born 1833. 200 vii. Robert Hamilton Gilmore, born ca. 1835. He married Elizabeth Farrow. Endnotes: 183. House of Ochiltree, pg. 257, Polly Grigsby Gilmore "...is said to have died on the journey from VA to the new home in Ohio, near Columbus, leaving two children, a boy and a girl, who were reared by their grandparents..." 184. James Harvey Gilmore, "My father died May 5, 1855.... my mother married James I. Gilmore, my father's cousin." 185. Mary K. Wright, Descendants of William Gilmore and Martha Lackey, "Following the death of his parents, James lived with his cousin, Thomas Leech Gilmore and family. With the death of Thomas, James married the widow, Elizabeth Hawkins Gilmore." Mary gives year of marriage as 1855. 186. Mary K. Wright,Descendants of William Gilmore and Martha Lackey. 187. James Harvey Gilmore, "She was the mother of 12 children, six boys and six girls..." 71. Martha4 Gilmore (William3, James2, John1) was born 06 March 1788 in Rockbridge Co. VA188, and died 10 June 1856. She married William Davidson 30 May 1811 in Rockbridge Co. VA189,190, son of Samuel Davidson and Elizabeth Gilmore. He was born in Rockbridge Co. VA. More About William Davidson: Land Records: 22 May 1822, Land purchase from William Gilmore for $100 for 100 acres on the waters of Coliers (sic) Creek.191 Children of Martha Gilmore and William Davidson are: 201 i. Elizabeth5 Davidson. 202 ii. Martha Ann Davidson. 203 iii. William Davidson, born Aft. 1811. 204 iv. Jane Davidson. 205 v. Mary Davidson. 206 vi. Virginia Davidson. 207 vii. James Davidson, born Aft. 1811. Endnotes: 188. RD Thomas, All names/dates for William's children. 189. Headley, Marilyn, Email July 2000 190. Railey, Clementine Brown,History of the House of Ochiltree, Sterling Kansas, 1916.. 191. Mary K. Wright, Descendants of William Gilmore and Martha Lackey. 72. Robert Harvey4 Gilmore (William3, James2, John1)192 was born 09 April 1786 in Rockbridge Co. VA, and died 25 February 1839 in Fairhaven, Preble Co. OH. He married Sina Irwin 17 December 1807 in Rockbridge Co.. She was born 04 April 1781 in Rockbridge Co. VA, and died Bet. 1850 - 1856 in Fairhaven, Preble Co. OH193,194. More About Robert Harvey Gilmore: Burial: Hopewell Cemetery More About Sina Irwin: Burial: Hopewell Cemetery Marriage Notes for Robert Gilmore and Sina Irwin: Robert bought about 147 acres from his parent before they moved to Ohio. In 1825, he and Sinah sold this land (deed descriptions match closely), which would indicate the time they moved to Preble Co. Ohio to join other members of the family. (Courtesy of Mary K. Wright) Children of Robert Gilmore and Sina Irwin are: 208 i. Elvira5 Gilmore. 209 ii. James Pressley Gilmore. Lived to old age unmarried. [House of Ochiltree] 210 iii. Mary Ann Gilmore. 211 iv. Martha A Gilmore. 212 v. Esther Gilmore, died in As young women when thrown from a horse.. 213 vi. William H Gilmore, MD. Endnotes: 192. Railey, Clementine Brown, History of the House of Ochiltree, Sterling Kansas, 1916.. 193. RD Thomas: Gives death in August 1850 and burial in Hopeswell Cemetery. 194. House of Ochiltree: Gives death as October 1856. 73. Thomas4 Gilmore (William3, James2, John1) was born 20 November 1792 in Rockbridge Co. VA, and died 09 January 1880 in Greencastle, Putnam Co. OH. He married Margaret L. Leech195 30 May 1815 in Rockbridge CO.196. She was born 03 November 1796 in Rockbridge Co. VA, and died 21 January 1866 in OH. Both are buried at Boone-Hutcheson Cemetery, Ohio. Margaret was the daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth Crawford Leech. "Thomas Gilmore was born in Virginia on November 20, 1792 into a Presbyterian plantation family. He was part of the second generation of Gilmores in America. The family originally came from Scotland where their name meant "great servant" (1). When he was twenty-two, he married Margaret Leech, and a year later they moved to Livingston county, Kentucky. Eight years and four children later, they moved to Ohio. Their last move, in 1836, was to Indiana where they raised six more children. Thomas is rumored to have had the first wagon in the territory, and Margaret started the first temperance reform group in the county. " From The Ochiltrees Children of Thomas Gilmore and Margaret Leech are: 214 i. William D.5 Gilmore, born 1816197. 215 ii. Infant Daughter Gilmore198, born ca. 1817. + 216 iii. Thomas Leech Gilmore, born 13 February 1818 in Livingston Co. KY; died 05 May 1855. 217 iv. James M (C) Gilmore199, born 29 Sept. 1819 in Livingston Co. KY; died 05 Oct. 1853. He married Jane D. Pinkerton 22 November 1849. Burial: Aft. 05 October 1853, Boone-Hutcheson Cemetery, Ohio 218 v. John Gilmore, born ca. 1822 in Livingston Co. Kentucky200; died 10 July 1908 in Greencastle, Ohio. He married (1) Elvira Irwin Gilmore 08 Oct. 1847 in Ohio; born 03 Oct. 1827; died 22 Oct. 1853. He married (2) Elizabeth Woodruff 29 July 1856. 219 vi. Mary E. Gilmore, born 18 August 1825200. + 220 vii. Samuel Baldridge Gilmore, born 22 July 1827 in Eaton, Preble Co. Ohio; died 17 Feb. 1914 in St.Louis, MO. 221 viii. Andrew Hall Gilmore201,202, born 08 Jan 1829 in Preble Co203. 222 ix. Nathan Gilmore204, born 26 December 1830205. 223 x. Robert Harvey Gilmore206, born 11 February 1836 in Easton, Preble Co. Ohio207; died 26 October 1856 in Seminary College, Hanover, IN208. 224 xi. Sylvester F. Gilmore, born 17 August 1837209. Endnotes: 195. RD Thomas: Gives name of Thomas' wife as Margaret *L* Leech. 196. Dodd, Jordan; Early American Marriages, VA to 1850, Date and location. 197. Mary K. Wright, Descendants of William Gilmore and Martha Lackey. 198. Rockbridge Co. VA Cemeteries, LVA, Child of T & M Gilmore. 199. Rockbridge Co. VA Cemeteries, LVA, Child of T&M Gilmore buried Boone-Hutcheson Cemetery, Ohio. Ochiltree gives his name as James C. Gilmore. 200. Mary K. Wright, Descendants of William Gilmore and Martha Lackey. 201. Rebecca Paige Attey, Andrew Gilmore's Westward Journey, "CD-ROM," www.geocities.com/Heartland/Valley/2323/gilmore.htm. 202. House of Ochiltree 203. ibid 204. ibid 205. Mary K. Wright, Descendants of William Gilmore and Martha Lackey. 206. Rockbridge Co. VA Cemeteries, LVA, Child of T&M Gilmore buried Boone-Hutcheson Cemetery, OH Middle name also given as Hamilton. 207. Year of birth given as 1833 by Mary K. Wright. 208. Rockbridge Co. VA Cemeteries, LVA, Boon-Hutcheson Cemetery, Ohio Children of T & M GilmoreName given as Robert Hamilton Gilmore.Same man? 209. Mary K. Wright, Descendants of William Gilmore and Martha Lackey. 74. William4 Gilmore (William3, James2, John1) was born 02 April 1797 in Rockbridge Co. VA, and died 02 February 1837 in Fairhaven, Preble Co. OH. He married Mary P. Boyce 01 May 1823 in Preble, OH. She was born ca. 1800 in Preble, OH, and died in Illinois (?). More About William Gilmore: Burial: Hopewell Cemetery Children of William Gilmore and Mary Boyce are: 225 i. James B.5 Gilmore, born ca. 1824. 226 ii. Mary J. Gilmore, born ca. 1826. 227 iii. Martha Gilmore, born ca. 1828. 228 iv. William Gilmore, born ca. 1830. 229 v. Elizabeth Gilmore, born ca. 1832. 230 vi. John Gilmore, born ca. 1835. Source: Mary K. Wright 76. Samuel Baldridge4 Gilmore (William3, James2, John1) was born 13 September 1801 in Rockbridge Co. VA, and died 12 September 1836 in Fairhaven, Preble Co. OH. He married Margaret McMechan210 29 October 1828 in Butler, OH. She was born ca. 1806 in Ireland211, and died September 1881 in Fairhaven, Preble Co. OH. Both are buried in Hopewell Cemetery. Children of Samuel Baldridge Gilmore and Margaret McMechan are: 231 i. Sarah H.5 Gilmore. 232 ii. James Irving Gilmore, born 04 September 1834 in Preble Co. Ohio; died 12 February 1906 in Taylor Co. KY. He married Martha Ramsey 03 June 1858 in Preble Co. Ohio212. 233 iii. Martha J. Gilmore. 234 iv. Mary Ann Gilmore. Endnotes: 210. House of Ochiltree, Gives name as McMahon, born in Ireland in 1806, the d/o David and Sarah McMahon. 211. Mary K. Wright, Descendants of William Gilmore and Martha Lackey. 212. Preble Co. Marraige Records, 1858 Book I, pg 528. (courtesy of Mary K. Wright) 77. Eli4 Gilmore, Dr. (William3, James2, John1) was born 05 February 1795 in Rockbridge Co. VA, and died 04 April 1857 in Fairhaven, Preble Co. OH. He married Clarissa Mosby Clayton 29 May 1815 in Liberty, Bedford Co. VA. She was born 15 April 1802 in Liberty, Bedford Co. VA, and died 21 June 1853 in Fairhaven, Preble Co. OH. Both are buried in Hopewell Cemetery Children of Eli Gilmore and Clarissa Clayton are: 235 i. Mary Charlotte5 Gilmore, born 26 December 1818. 236 ii. William James Gilmore, born 24 April 1821. 237 iii. Robert Moseby Gilmore, Dr., born 30 June 1823. 238 iv. Martha Campbell Gilmore, born 20 May 1825. 239 v. Elvira Irwin Gilmore, born 03 October 1827; died 22 October 1853. She married John Gilmore 08 October 1847 in Ohio; born ca. 1822 in Livingston Co. Kentucky213; died 10 July 1908 in Greencastle, Ohio. 240 vi. Alexander Clayton Gilmore, born 11 Dec. 1830; died 1832 in Preble Co. Ohio. 241 vii. Joseph Cloyd Gilmore, born 10 December 1858. 242 viii. James Alexander Gilmore, b. 11 July 1834. Occupation: Very successful lawyer and judge. 243 ix. Ester Ann Gilmore, born 10 February 1837. Source: 213. Mary K. Wright, Descendants of William Gilmore and Martha Lackey. 87. Robert "Robin"4 Gilmore (James (Cunningham)3, John2, John1)252 was born ca. 1793 in Rockbridge Co. VA, and died in Columbus, Ohio. He married Martha "Patsy" Paxton 17 December 1818 in Preble Co. OH, daughter of Jonathan Paxton and Agnes Gilmore. She was born 1802 in Rockbridge Co. VA, and died 03 February 1852 in Columbus, Ohio. Mary K. Wright: Robert "Robin" is buried in Hopewell Cemetery in Preble County. Child of Robert Gilmore and Martha Paxton is: 267 i. Robert Paxton5 Gilmore253 Endnotes: 252. Freda Strampe; letter of Apr 29, 2001. 253. Diane Gilmore Young; Email October 2003. 91. Addison4 Gilmore (James (Cunningham)3, John2, John1) was born 04 August 1800 in Rockbridge Co.254, and died 04 April 1892 in Rockbridge Co.. He married Margaret Scott 16 October 1823 in Rockbridge Co.255, daughter of John Scott. She was born 18 April 1804 in Rockbridge Co.256. 1840s - Served as a Justice of the Peace in Rockbridge County. 1846 - Virginia School Commissioners , Rockbridge Co. - . B. Stuart, John W. Hamilton, William B. Sterritt, Dr. D. G. Houston, John S. Leech, A. Gilmore, John C. Laird, William G. White, John M. Wilson, Henry B. Jones, John M'Bride, Robert Sterrit. Angela Ruley: Gilmore, Addison On 7 September of the same year (1830), John (Tribbett) purchased 106 acres from William Moore and Sally, his wife, late Sally Scott; Addison Gilmore and Peggy, his wife, late Peggy Scott Jeremiah Ruley, Rockbridge List Sept 1997 Across the creek from the John McCorkle property was the farm and residence of Captain Henry McCorkle and Addison Gilmore’s tan yard and sawmill. Mr. Gilmore was a magistrate and the father of J. H. Gilmore, who was for a number of years professor of law at the University of Virginia, and now a resident of Marion, Smythe County, Va. Mr. A. Gilmore was in his 91st year when he died. Freda Strampe: Addison Gilmore was administrator of his father's estate in 1825 - after he became of age. 1850 Census Place Rockbridge Co. Dst 51 1/2 Addison Gilmore age 49 Sarah E. Gilmore 25 Samuel Gilmore 15 1880 Census Place Natural Bridge, Rockbridge Co. Page #48B Addison Gilmore Self S Male 79 VA Farmer PA VA Sarah E. Gilmore Sister S Female 55 VA Keeping House PA VA Oxford Presbyterian Cemetery:257 Section A Row 1 Gilmore, Addison 4 Aug 1800- 04 Apr 1892 Gilmore, Miss Sarah E. 20 Sep 1824- 18 Apr 1896 (broken stone) Sarah was recorded in the 1880 census as being Addison's sister. I believe she must have been his unmarried daughter. Children of Addison Gilmore and Margaret Scott are: 268 i. Sarah E.5 Gilmore258, born 20 September 1824; died 18 April 1896. 269 ii. James Houston Gilmore259, born 09 August 1828. James Houston Gilmore married Estelle Derrick Gilmore on October 1, 1856 and they had the following children: Estelle Derrick Gilmore, who married George E. Penn; Lucretia Derrick Gilmore, who married Samuel Baker Woods; Margaret Scott Gilmore, who married Brooks Amedee Colomb (Bessie’s parents); Anna Lyons Gilmore, who married William Armistead Falconer; James H. Gilmore, Jr., who was unmarried and without descendants. Source: Where Have All the Gilmores Gone, by Alex C. McCloud 270 iii. Samuel A. Gilmore260, born December 1834 in Rockbridge Co.; died 22 March 1859 in Rockbridge Co.. Freda Strampe:Re. children of Addison and Peggy Scott Gilmore: Sarah E. Gilmore b. 20 Sep 1824 dd. 18 Apr 1896 at Summers and buried at Oxford Cemetery, Rockbridge Co., VA. William Gilmore buried at Oxford Cemetery. No accurate dates for William. Samuel A. Gilmore b. Dec 1834 died of consumption 22 Mar 1859 Rockbridge Co., VA age 24 years, 3 mos. Samuel never married. Endnotes: 254. Oxford Presbyterian Cemetery, As reported on tombstone. 255. Rockbridge County Marriage Bonds1778-1850, compiled by Dorrthie and Edwin Kirkpatrick, Iberian Publ Co. Athens GA, Addison Gilmore and Margaret Scott 16 Oct 1823, d/o John Min Andrew B Davidson, Presbyterian. 256. Alexander C. McLeod, from entry in family bible. 257. Oxford Presbyterian Cemetery, Tombstone:Section A Row 1 Gilmore, Addison 4 Aug 1800- 04 Apr 1892 . 258. ibid; name on tombstone. 259. Jeremiah Ruley, Rockbridge List Sept 1997 (see notes re James Houston Gilmore). 260. Alexander C. McLeod, All information regarding dob and death. 96. Ellenor4 Gilmore (John C. Gilmore/aka John3, John2, John1)261 was born ca. 1770. She married James McCampbell. He was born ca. 1767. Child of Ellenor Gilmore and James McCampbell is: 271 i. John5 McCampbell. Endnotes: 260. Alexander C. McLeod, All information regarding dob and death. 261. Will of John Gilmore IV: Jessamine Co. KY Will Bk A, pp.114,115, Married James McCampbell. She inherited a share of the estate and "the crop that is now growing on my land..." in her brother John's will written June 1807 Her son John McCampbell inherited 100 pounds. 102. John G4 Gilmore (John3, William2, John1)262 was born ca. 1798 in GA.; died in Marengo Co., AL. He married Elizabeth Grey. Child of John Gilmore and Elizabeth Grey is: + 272 i. John G5 Gilmore, Jr, born ca. 1820; died in TX (?). Source: 262. Graham, Dixie, (Email). Unverfied. 134. Jane4 Gilmore (John3, Thomas2, John1) was born 22 June 1792, and died 06 June 1819 in Rockbridge Co. VA263. She married (#82) Thomas James Lackey 13 February 1813 in Rockbridge Co. VA264,265,266,267, son of James Lackey/Leckey and Isabella Gilmore. He was born 29 August 1788 in Rockbridge Co. VA268, and died 06 April 1856 in Rockbridge Co. VA269. Isabella Gilmore was the daughter of James and Martha Dennison Gilmore and the sister of Joseph. More About Jane Gilmore: Burial: High Bridge Cemetery270 Notes for Thomas James Lackey: Re the date of his birth: If the Census 1850-Rockbridge Co. VA is correct, Thomas was born ca. 1783.His dob is usually reported as 1788, however, based on the date of death and age on his tombstone. Rockbridge County, VA Census date Sep 11, 1850 53 District, Page 403 Lackey, Thomas...head of household; age 67; occupation farmer; born in VA Mary (T?)...female; age 28; born in VA Thomas P. ...male; age 25; occupation farmer; born in VA Rebecca F. ...female; age 22; born in VA William A. ...male; age (20?); occupation farmer; born in VA High Bridge Cemetery near Natural Bridge, VA 271 Age 48 y., 4m., 25 d. Leckey, Sarah April 9, 1845 Age 68 years Leckey, Thomas, April 6, 1856 There are many additional Leckey/Lackey relations in grave sites nearby, including his daughter R. Fannie Roland. Children of Thomas Lackey and Jane Gilmore are: + 244 i. Isabella Gilmore5 Lackey, born 06 June 1814 in Rockbridge Co. VA; died 15 January 1870 in Rockbridge Co.. + 245 ii. John Gilmore Lackey, born 31 Dec. 1815 in Rockbridge Co.; died 18 June 1889 in Texas. 246 iii. James G(ilmore?) Lackey229, born 03 Jan. 1818230; died 01 March 1827 in Rockbridge Co. VA. Burial: High bridge Church Cemetery271 Note: The numbers assigned to these children are out of order due to being listed under Thomas' name. Endnotes: 263. Lackey Family Bible (1807); owned by Joseph H Knick, Martinez Georgia. 264. Morton, Oren F, History of Rockbridge County, pg 497, Date associated by fact that name appeared in some document during that year. 265. Lackey Family Bible (1807); owned by Joseph H Knick, Martinez Georgia. 266. Dodd, Jordan; Early American Marriages, VA to 1850, Gives full date. Name of bride given as Jane Gilmore. 267. Rockbridge County Marriage Bonds1778-1850, compiled by Dorrthie and Edwin Kirkpatrick, Iberian Publ Co. Athens GA, "Thomas Lackey and Jane Gilmore 18 Feb 1813; d/o John. Minister, George A Baxter, Presbyterian." 268. Lackey Family Bible (1807); owned by Joseph H Knick, Martinez Georgia, Gives date of birth as 1788, which agrees with age on tombstone. Age given in 1850 Rockbridge Census would mean birth was in 1783. 269. High Bridge Cemetery Records, Rockbridge Co. VA, Tombstone photo by Mike Gardebled on file. 270. ibid 271. Lackey Family Bible (1807); owned by Joseph H Knick, Martinez Georgia. 143. William C.4 Gilmore, Cpt. (John3, Thomas2, John1) was born 11 June 1812 in Rockbridge Co.272, and died 15 March 1890 in Rockbridge Co.273. He married (1) Polly Moore 29 December 1832 in Rockbridge Co. VA274. She was born ca. 1812 in Rockbridge Co.275, and died 02 December 1866 in Rockbridge Co.276. He married (2) Hannah E. Laird 21 January 1868 in Rockbridge Co.277. She was born 02 July 1826 in Rockbridge Co., and died 01 January 1901 in Rockbridge Co.. William and both of his wives are buried at New Monmouth Presb Cemetery. Notes for William C. Gilmore, Cpt.: Giles Gunn (seal) Wm. C. Gilmore (seal) David H. Hart (seal) At Rockbridge County Court Sept. 4 1865 (re bond for estate of an Edw Galor) Notes for Polly Moore: John Moore's Will: Rockbridge County, VA Will Book 8, p. 74. Wife Betsy.... To daughter Polly Gilmore-* 1 negroe girl named Lucinda. (balance) to be equally divided among my children, Jane Dunlap, Martha Harper, Polly Gilmore, James C. C. Moore, William T. Moore, and Abner W. Moore. Son William T. Moore, executor. Made 26 march 1838, proven 30 April 1838. *Wife of Wm C Gilmore m 29 Dec 1832 1850 Census Rockbridge, Dst 51 pg 43 (ancestry.com) William C. Gilmore 38 farmer 6000 Polly 38 Samuel 14 (?) James 12 Sarah 9 Magdalin 6 Martha 3 1870 Rockbridge Co. Kerr's Creek p31 (ancestry.com) Gilmore, William C. 58 12,000+ Hannah E 44 Martha J. 22 Mary 18 Thomas 71 (Wm's brother) 1880 Census Kerrs Creek, Rockbridge, Virginia W. P. Gilmore Self M 67 VA Farmer VA VA H. E. Gilmore Wife M 50 VA Keeping House VA VA Mary V. Gilmore Dau S 30 VA At Home VA VA Children of William Gilmore and Polly Moore are: 273 i. M.S.5 Gilmore, born 1835 in Rockbridge Co.. She married Dr. Daniel M. Hileman 13 April 1864 in Rockbridge Co.278; born 1839 in Rockbridge Co.. 274 ii. Samuel Davidson Gilmore279, born 01 March 1836 in Rockbridge Co. VA. He married Louisa V. McCluer 31 January 1860 in Rockbridge Co.280; born 1837 in Rockbridge Co. VA. More About Samuel Davidson Gilmore: Military service: 52nd Infantry Regiment Virginia281 " Samuel Davidson Gilmore 01 March 1836Born on 01 March 1836. Described as having a fair complexion, blue eyes with light hair. He was 6 feet tall. Residence: Rockbridge County, Virginia Occupation: Farmhand Service Record: Enlisted as a Private on 01 August 1861 at the age of 25 Enlisted in Company E, 52nd Infantry Regiment Virginia on 01 August 1861. On rolls on 15 November 1861On rolls on 15 April 1862 Promoted to Full Sergeant 4th Class on 01 May 1862Reenlisted in Company E, 52nd Infantry Regiment Virginia on 01 May 1862 Wounded on 27 June 1862 at Gaines' Mill, VA (Wounded in shoulder) On rolls on 15 July 1862On rolls on 15 December 1862Promoted to Full Sergeant 1st Class on 01 January 1863On rolls on 15 February 1863Detailed on 28 July 1863 at Rockbridge Co, VA (Detailed arresting deserters) Returned on 18 November 1863Wounded on 19 September 1864 at Winchester, VAReturned on 31 December 1864 (Estimated day)Surrendered Company E, 52nd Infantry Regiment Virginia on 09 April 1865 in Appomattox Court House, VA . Occupation: 1860, Farmer282 + 275 iii. James Harvey Gilmore, born ca. 1838 in Rockbridge Co..d. 25 Feb 1839. 276 iv. Sarah Gilmore, born ca. 1841. 277 v. Magdlin Gilmore, born ca. 1844. 278 vi. Martha Gilmore, born ca. 1847. Endnotes: 272. Compiled, Rockbridge Co. Marriage Records 1851-1883, Info on marriage bond dated 21 Jan 1868 gives Wm C. Gilmore's age as 55. s/o Jno. Gilmore & Magdalene Gilmore. 273. Rockbridge County VA Cemeteries; rootsweb.com, Gravestone at New Monmouth is between his 2 wives. 274. Dodd, Jordan et al Early American Marriages, (available at ancestry.com). 275. 1850 Census Rockbridge Co. VA, Age in census reported as 38 yrs. 276. Rockbridge County VA Cemeteries; rootsweb.com, Tombstone reads: Gilmore, Pollie d 2 Dec 1866 aged 57y 3m 24d, 1st w/o Wm C. d/o John Moore. 277. Wm C. reported as W(idower), Hannah as S(ingle). d/o John and Jane Laird. Saml. Brown officiating. 278. Compiled, Rockbridge Co. Marriage Records 1851-1883, Occupaton of Samuel: physician. Parents David and Claranda Hileman and Wm C. and Mary Gilmore.JH Harris officiating. 279. American Civil War Soldiers, (ancestry.com), "Electronic," Name as listed in military records. 280. Compiled, Rockbridge Co. Marriage Records 1851-1883, Parents- Wm C & Polly Gilmore Wm F Junkin officiating. 281. American Civil War Soldiers, (ancestry.com) 282. Compiled, Rockbridge Co. Marriage Records 1851-1883. Generation No. 5 145. Waldren Isaiah5 Gilmore (Robert Beach4, John3, James2, John1) was born 1825, and died 1865. He married Mary Elizabeth Gililland283. She was born 1826, and died 1865. Children of Waldren Gilmore and Mary Gililland are:283 279 i. Mary J6 Gilmore, born 1845. 280 ii. John Gilmore, born 1847. 281 iii. Isaiah Waldron Gilmore, born 1849. 282 iv. Sarah Margaret Gilmore, born 1853. 283 v. William Gilmore, born 1854. 284 vi. James Gilmore, born 1855. 285 vii. Martha "Susan" Gilmore, born 1859. 286 viii. Allen Gilmore, born 1860. 287 ix. Nancy Gilmore, born 1860. Source: 283. Emily Wilson, Scottsdale, Arizona. Note: 146. John Thomas5 Gilmore, Judge (James T.4, John3, James2, John1) was born 1830, and died 1898. He married (1) Elizabeth Frances Gilland. She was born 1832, and died 1870. He married (2) Elizabeth A. Gililland. She was born 1843, and died 1873. He married (3) Martha E. Moore. She was born 1848, and died 1933. More About Elizabeth A. Gililland: Note: Elizabeth A. Gililland was the niece of Judge Gilmore's first wife, Elizabeth Frances Gililland. More About Martha E. Moore: AKA (Facts Pg): "Marthy" and "Matti" Children of John Gilmore and Elizabeth Gilland are:283 288 i. Mary6 Gilmore, born ca. 1850. 289 ii. Flora A. Gilmore, born 1852; died 1936; married Thomas G. Hammett. 290 iii. Elizabeth Gilmore, born 1853. She married James Wombles; born 1851; died 1892. 291 iv. Cynthia Gilmore, born 1857. 292 v. Martha Evaline Gilmore, born 1858. 293 vi. James T. Gilmore, born 1860. He married Mary (?) Gilmore. 294 vii. Nancy C. Gilmore, born 1862. She married Benjamine F. Dejournette; born 1855. 295 viii. Mildred Paralee Gilmore, born 1865; died 1939. She married John Adolph Eversmeyer. He was born 1856; died 1949. Note: Mildred Gilmore Eversmeyer is the great-grandmother of Emily Wilson. 296 ix. Ulyssus W. Gilmore, born 1867; died 1932; married Helen (?); born 1872; died 1950. 297 x. Tullie L. Gilmore, born 1870; died 1870. Child of John Gilmore and Elizabeth Gililland is: 298 i. Jessie A.6 Gilmore, born 1873; died 1873. Children of John Gilmore and Martha Moore are: 299 i. Idia6 Gilmore, born 1875. 300 ii. Luckette Gilmore, born 1876. 301 iii. Veleira Gilmore, born 1879. 302 iv. Tommy Gilmore, born 1887. Source: 283. Emily Wilson, Scottsdale, Arizona. 147. Anderson Smith5 Gilmore (John4, James3, James2, John1)284 was born 1809 in KY, and died 1878 in Muskogee, OK. He married (1) Nancy McAlister 1837. He married (2) Elizabeth J. Smith. (3)Sophia Gundiff. 1850 United States Federal Census - Kentucky> Pulaski> Division 1 Anderson Gilmore 40 Farmer Value RealEst 2150 Elizabeth 23 (Nee Smith. 2nd wife?) James 8 John B. 5 Elizabeth 3 All born KY 1870 United States Federal Census > Kentucky > Pulaski > Somerset Gilmore Anderson S. 60 Elizabeth 45 Sophia 12 Isaac 10 Henry 8 William 4 Lilly P 9 mon. Children of Anderson Gilmore and Nancy McAlister are: + 303 i. Robert McAlister6 Gilmore, born July 1839 in KY; died 1918 in Muskogee, OK. + 304 ii. James F. Beaty Gilmore, born 1842. 305 iii. John Berry Gilmore, born ca. 1845. 306 iv. Elizabeth Gilmore, born ca. 1847. 307 v. Sophia Gilmore, born ca 1858 308 vi. Henry W.Gilmore, born 1863. 309 vii. William C. Gilmore, born ca. 1867. 310 viii. Lilly Gilmore, born ca. 1869 311 ix. Mahala Gilmore, born Aft. 1850. Source: 284. Wilma Cogdell, Memphis, Tenn., Kentucky Historical Society, Frankfort, KY.March 1975, et.al.. 148. Robert5 Gilmore (John4, James3, James2, John1)284 was born 1815, and died Sept 1842. He married Frankie Ford. Child of Robert Gilmore and Frankie Ford is: 312 i. Martha Ann Patsy6 Gilmore. Source: 284. Wilma Cogdell, Memphis, Tenn., Kentucky Historical Society, Frankfort, KY.March 1975, et.al.. 153. Salina A. C. Irvine5 Gilmore (Paxton4, Joseph3, James2, John1)285,286 was born 09 February 1829 in Rockbridge Co. VA287, and died 17 February 1877 in Botetourt Co. VA288. She married John B. Rowland 08 December 1852 in Sidney Vale, Rockbridge Co. VA289,290, son of William Rowland and Nancy Luck. He was born ca. 1827 in Botetourt Co. , VA291,292, and died Aft. 1880293. More About Salina A. C. Irvine Gilmore: Marriage Bond: 08 December 1852, John B. Rowland in Rockbridge Co. Wm Pinkerton officiating 1870 Fed. Census in Bedford County, Lisbon Twn. Date Aug.21, 1870 Pg. 33 (261) HH#256 Rowland, John V(?) [sic, should be "B"] 42 farmer; Salina 39, Ann L. 18, Wm K 10, Sally 8, Mary Ann 5, Hannah 4, (this must be Henry? see 1880 Census) Josephine 2. In the same household is Gilmore, V.M. 23, and Flora 21. (Salina's sisters) Jane Eckart (Citing "We Are One"): Salina A. Gilmore who married John B. Rowland on Dec 2, 1852 of Roanoke, VA. Their children were Anna Luck Rowland who married Lewis S. Hall, Nellie I. Rowland who married Nelson Philips, Mary R. Rowland born Aug 8, 1855 died 1885, Josephine Rowland who married Samuel Dodd, William K(yle) Rowland born Dec 1857 is living on a farm in Botetourt Co, Va, Henry G. Rowland born 1865 lives with his sister Mrs. Philips in Granger Co, TN. Children of Salina Gilmore and John Rowland are: 313 i. Anna Luck6 Rowland, born ca. 1855. She married Lewis S. Hall294. 314 ii. William Kyle Rowland, born ca. December 1857. 315 iii. Sally J. Rowland, born ca. 1860. 316 iv. Maryann Russell Rowland, b. June 1863 in Botetourt Co. VA295 d. 01 May 1886 in Floyd County, VA296 317 v. Hannah (Henry?) Rowland, born ca. 1866. 318 vi. Josephine Rowland, born ca. 1867. She married Samuel Dodd297. Special thanks to Becky Barnhardt and Jane Eckert for help with this family. Endnotes; 285. Compiled, Rockbridge Co. Marriage Records 1851-1883. 286. Barnhardt, Becky; ID: I895 Name: Selina Ann Catharine GILMORE Sex: F Birth: 9 FEB 1829 . 287. Wheatley, J.W.; letter from Josephine Gilmore Yeatman, (Cited by John W. Wheatley, June 28, 1912), Josephine listed her aunt's full name as "Saliina Ann Catharine Irvine Gilmore". 288. Library of Virginia, Death Records Indexing Project : CATALOG CARD, DECEASED Rowland, Salina I. Date of death: February 17, 1877. NOTE Place of death (other than Botetourt County): Roaring River. SOURCE Source of information: Botetourt County, 1877, page 2. . 289. Compiled, Rockbridge Co. Marriage Records 1851-1883. 290. Yeatman, Josephine Gilmore;, Gives marriage date of Salina and John B. Rowland as December 2, 1852. 291. Census 1880 Botetourt Co. VA, Age om 1880 census 53 yrs. 292. Compiled, Rockbridge Co. Marriage Records 1851-1883, Marriage bond gives place of birth as Roanoke, but that may have just been his residence. Census of 1880 gives place of birth as Botetourt Co. 293. Census 1880 Botetourt Co. VA. 294. Jane Eckert Email 28 May 02, Cites "We Are One". 295. WPA reports ca 1936, Virginia Historical Inventory, LVA, "Electronic," Floyd Co. VA Cemeteries. 296. ibid 297. Jane Eckert 155. Josephine Paxton5 Gilmore (Paxton4, Joseph3, James2, John1)298 was born 09 March 1833 in Rockbridge Co.299, and died 11 January 1912 in Selma, AL300. She married Albert Allmand Yeatman 15 January 1854 in Rockbridge Co. VA301, son of Thomas Yeatman and Eliizabeth Patterson. He was born 31 March 1831 in Mathews Co. (?) VA, and died 31 May 1888 in Roanoke, VA. Marriage Notes for Josephine Gilmore and Albert Yeatman: Listed in 1880 Census Abingdon, Gloucester, Virginia Children of Josephine Gilmore and Albert Yeatman are: 319 i. Elizabeth Patterson6 Yeatman, born 09 January 1855; died 05 March 1923 in Selma, AL. 320 ii. Paxton Gilmore Yeatman, born 07 May 1857 in Rockbridge Co.; died 20 June 1940 in Hampton, VA Burial: Evergreen Cemetery, Roanoke 321 iii. Mary Deans Yeatman, born 12 June 1859; died 21 April 1911 in Lynchburg, VA. 322 iv. Henry Land Yeatman, born 22 February 1861302; died 11 Nov. 1871 in Botetourt Co. VA. 323 v. Albert Allmand Yeatman, Jr., born 10 November 1863; died 18 February 1866. 324 vi. Josephine Gilmore Yeatman, born 21 February 1868 in Botetourt Co. VA; died 27 August 1958 in Lynchburg, VA303. Notes for Josephine Gilmore Yeatman: Birth: 21 FEB 1868 in Botetourt, VA Death: 27 AUG 1958 in Memorial Hospital in Lynchburg, VA Burial: Roanoke City Cemetery in Roanoke, VA 1910 Federal Census, Lynchburg City, Lynchburg VA: Josephine Yeatman 78, Mary 50, Josephine 36 & 1 non-relative The National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution Volume 57 page 264 (Courtesy of Becky Barnhardt) Miss Josephine Gilmore Yeatman. DAR ID Number: 56766 325 vii. John Patterson Yeatman, born 15 August 1878 in Gloucester, VA; died 07 April 1951 in Roanoke City, Roanoke, VA. Burial: Evergreen Cemetery, Roanoke 326 viii. Robert Irvine Yeatman, born 16 June; died 20 April 1867. Endnotes: 298. Yeatman, Josephine Gilmore;. 299. ibid; "Josephine Paxton (Gilmore) born Saturday, 10 A.M. March 9, 1833." Other records give year of birth as 1832. Possibly John Wheatley made a typo in his typwritten copy of Josphine's letter. 300. Yeatman, Josephine Gilmore;. 301. Rockbridge County Marriages, Daughter Josephine Gilmore Yeatman gives wedding date as January 11, 1854. 302. Barnhardt, Becky; All information about Henry. 303. ibid; Josephine died in Memorial Hospital, Lynchburg, VA. 168. James Edwin5 Humes (Eliza Stuart4 Gilmore, Joseph3, James2, John1) was born 10 September 1840 in Sidney Vale, Rockbridge Co. VA336, and died 17 December 1912 in Wilbur, WA. He married (1) Mary Alla (Allie) Rowland October 1872 in Sidney Vale, VA337, daughter of Robert Rowland and Rebecca Lackey. She was born 11 February 1852 in Highbridge, VA338, and died 1889 in Liberty Springs, AR. He married (2) Annie Eliza Rowland ca. 1893 in Idaho (?)339, daughter of Robert Rowland and Rebecca Lackey. She was born 21 September 1853 in Botetourt Co. VA340, and died 20 May 1916 in Berge, WA341. Children of James Humes and Mary Rowland are: 357 i. Fanny Stuart6 Humes, born 16 March 1874 in Missouri; died 1931 in Spokane, WA. 358 ii. Mildred Maria Humes, born 07 January 1876 in Missouri; died 15 June 1961 in Wallace, ID., Age 85 yrs, 5 mo, 8 days.. 359 iii. Annie Isabelle Humes, born 18 Sept. 1877 in Missouri345; died ca. 1952 in Yakima, WA. She married Burton A. Smith; born ca. 1875. 360 iv. James Edwin Humes, Jr., born 31 Oct. 1879 in Missouri; died 19 Feb 1965 in Grant Co. WA 361 v. Charlotte Louisa Humes, born 30 Jan. 1882346; died 16 Feb. 1882 in Aged 17 days.347. 362 vi. Infant Daughter Humes, born 15 September 1883348; died 27 September 1883. 363 vii. Roberta Rowland Humes, born 22 September 1884 in Gravois Mills, Morgan Co. MO349,350. + 364 viii. Julia Carruthers Humes, born 25 July 1887 in Liberty Springs, AR; died 17 July 1974 in Arlington, WA. Children of James Humes and Annie Rowland are: 365 i. "Infant son"6 Humes, born 13 April 1897352; died in in infancy.. 366 ii. Carrie Elma Humes, born 07 May 1890353; died in Everett, WA (?). Endnotes: 336. Obituary of James E. Humes, Location of birth cited by Mary Margaret McBride and others. 337. Compiled, Rockbridge Co. Marriage Records 1851-1883. 338. Lackey-Rowland Family Bible. 339. 1910 Census, Wilson Ck, Lincoln Co. WA Census states couple had been married 17 years, which probably means they were married in either Idaho or Washington. 340. Lackey-Rowland Family Bible. 341. Saltese Cemetery Records, HUMES, Annie, b. 09/21/1853, d. 05/20/1916, Nee:Rowland. 342. Hume, Jim, Humes Family Report: From a report attached to copies of James obituary and circulated among family members: "James EdwinHumes, Sr. was buried in Greenwood Cemetery in Spokane beside his sister, Mrs. Mildred Maria Humes Wheatley." Note: unverified.. 343. Maggie Rail, (http://www.interment.net/data/us/wa/stevens/addy/addy.htm), Addy Cemetery, Stevens County, WA has the following listing in records of http://www.newgs.org/. cited as" Humes Ed", no dates, L-9 *No verification of this being our James Ed Humes. 344. Saltese Cemetery Records, Humes, Annie Rowland, b. Sep 21, 1853, d. May 20, 1916, w/o Ed, L-34 P-3. 345. Copy of a penciled memorandum of the family record given in an old Bible belonging to Eliza Gilmore Humes, daughter of Miillie Rowland and Joseph Gilmore, and brother of Thomas., Rowland Family Bible, Name on page of Births: Annie Isabel. Location of birth in 1880 Census given as Missouri. 346. ibid; Name written in Births page as Charlotte Louisa. 347. ibid 348. ibid, Named on page of Births and Deaths. Lived only 7 days. 349. ibid Name and dob on page of Births. 350. Missouri Birth and Death Records, Father: James Ed Humes, mother: Mary Alice Roland Humes. Name of child not in report, but is reported as "No. of child of this mother - seventh". Medical attendant: H. R. Fish; Gravois Mills, Mo. . 351. Binkley, Peter. 352. Rowland-Humes Family Bible, Entry in bible reads: Infant son was born __ April 13 1897, of J E and A E Humes.According to Peter Binkley he may have been named Robert. 353. ibid 170. Thomas Russell5 Gilmore (Joseph4, Joseph3, James2, John1)355,356 was born 1841 in Rockbridge Co. VA357, and died 22 November 1903 in Roanoke, VA358. He married Mary E. "Nellie" Watson 02 May 1865 in Rockbridge Co. VA359,360, daughter of James Watson and Sarah Watson. She was born 1844 in Rockbridge Co. VA, and died Aft. 1906361. Thomas Russell Gilmore was among those who fought in Pickets Division at Gettysburg: THE VALLEY REGULATORS COMPANY "K" 11TH VIRGINIA INFANTRY This Company was formed of men from Rockbridge and Botetourt Counties, the greater number being from the latter. The original Captain (Capt. Albert Yeatman) being from Botetout. It was composed of good material, rendered much hard service, suffered severely from losses in battle and has the distinction of having been in the famous charge of Pickets Division at Gettysburg. The following are the officers and men from Rockbridge: Captains - Andrew M. Houston and Thomas D. Houston 1st Lieutenants - Andrew M.Houston and Thomas D. Houston 2nd Lieutenants - Thomas R. Gilmore and Thomas D. Houston 3rdLieutenants - Robert Campbell,Edward T. Dix, James T. Hardy E.H. Walker and Wm. M. Walkup Source: Rockbridge Co. files from Genweb Sally Luten Morse: Date: November 18, 2001 My great grandfather Thomas Russell Gilmore was born in 1841 at Sidney Vale on the James river in Rockbridge CO Va. His father, Joseph Gilmore,(Jr.) was married twice. His 1st wife, Catherine Beal Rowland had 3 children; Tom (my g.grandfather ) Elizabeth, and Henry. Henry was shot in the head taken to prison and died at De camp Hospital?? on David's Is. in NY harbor. Tom brought his remains home (shipped home ) to be buried in High Bridge Cemetery.Joseph Gilmore's 2nd wife was Catherine Beal Paxton; they had 2 children William and Anne. William's portrait is hung at VMI .Catherine Rowland and Catherine Paxton were 1st cousins. Catherine Rowland's mother was a Jordan who married a Rowland. Catherine Paxton's mother a Jordon who married a Paxton. More About Thomas Russell Gilmore: Military service: Co. K, 11th Infantry Regiment Virginia362 Marriage Notes for Thomas Gilmore and Mary Watson: In the summer of 1877, Tom and his family were living at Sidney Vale near Gilmore's Mill in the Natural Bridge area (Rockbridge Co.)when John Wright Wheatley, son of Mildred Humes Wheatley, spent several months. In the census below, the family is reported in Botetourt Co. 1880 Census- Fincastle, Botetourt, Virginia Dst 11 Thomas R. GILMORE Self M Male W 39 VA. Farmer VA. VA. Mary E. GILMORE Wife M Fem W 35 VA. Keeping House VA. VA. aka "Nellie" Harry GILMORE Son S Male W 13 VA. At School VA. VA. John W. GILMORE Son S Male W 9 VA. VA. VA. Sallie G. GILMORE Dau S Fem W 7 VA. " " Elenora E. GILMORE Dau S Fem W 5 VA. Thomas R. GILMORE Son S Male W 2 VA. Charlotte TOMLIN Other W Female B 55 VA. Servant Cooking VA. VA. Ida TOMLIN Other S Female B 15 VA. Chambermaid VA. VA. Robert SMITH Other S Male B 18 VA. Laborer VA. VA. The Rockbridge County News, 26 Nov 1903 Thomas R. Gilmore Fatally In- jured at Roanoke Mr. Thomas R. Gilmore of Roa-noke city, a native of Rockbridge,was fatally injured on the Norfolk &Western road near Roanoke Satur-day morning and died Sunday morn- ing at 4 o’clock from his injuries. He had charge of the oil house ofthe Norfolk & Western road in thewest end of the city and was goingto his work Saturday morning whenhe was runover by a locomotive andhad both his legs crushed; the rightat the ankle and the left above theknee. He was buried at Roanoke Mon-day afternoon. The Roanoke World says of him: “He was a splendidgentleman and stood high in the es-steem of all who knew him. He wasan old V.M.I. student and servedwith distinction in the Confederate army for four years. Mr. Gilmore was born near Gil-mores Mill in this county 62 years ago. He was a son of Joseph Gil-more. During the civil war he serv-ed in Company K, Eleventh Virgin-ia infantry. He married a daughterof the late Dr. James L. Watson of this county, who survives him withfour children: Mrs. John Pack andMiss Eleanor Gilmore of Roanoke,Russell Gilmore, an engineer on theSouthern railway, and Mrs. D. Craf-ton of Washington. He was abrother of Mrs. James T. McCrum ofLexington, and a half brother ofMr/ J. William Gilmore of GilmoresMills. Confederate Pension Rolls, Veterans & Widows, Pension Roll pgs. 1-4, Widow, Mary Gilmore, applicant. Children of Thomas Gilmore and Mary Watson are: 367 i. Harry6 Gilmore, born 1867. 368 ii. John W. Gilmore, born 1871. 369 iii. Sallie G. Gilmore, born 1873. 370 iv. Elenora E. Gilmore, born 1875. 371 v. Thomas R. Gilmore, born 1878. Endnotes: 355. Rowland Family Bible, "David Rowland was the grandfather of the Tom Gilmore who married Nellie Watson" Comment made by John Wheatley and included in penciled copy of Bible made by Lou Humes. 356. Compiled, Rockbridge Co. Marriage Records 1851-1883, Compiled, Rockbridge Co. Marriage Records 1851-1883, Thomas *K* (or "R") Gilmore, 23, b/Missouri, Farmer, son of Joseph Gilmore and Catherine Gilmore, married Mary E. Watson, 21, b/Rockbridge, daughter of Dr. James F and Sarah D.E. Watson. Possible error in original is reported, with one version giving ;name as *Gilmon* Is Thomas the grandson of Joseph and Millie Gilmore, or from a different Gilmore family? 357. Sally Luten Morse 358. Confederate Pension Rolls, Veterans & Widows, Pension Roll pgs. 1-4, Widow, Mary Gilmore, wrote that Thomas in a hospital in Roanoke died from shock a few hrs? days? after loosing both legs in __?__accident. 359. Rockbridge County Marriages. 360. Confederate Pension Rolls, Veterans & Widows, Date of marriage given by widow in application. 361. Filed application for widow's pension on 11 Dec. 1906. 362. American Civil War Soldiers, (ancestry.com), Thomas Russell Gilmore Residence: Occupation: Student Service Record: Enlisted as a Lieutenant on 25 May 1861 at the age of 19Commission in Company K, 11th Infantry Regiment Virginia on 25 May 1861.Absent, sick on 15 December 1861Dropped from the rolls Company K, 11th Infantry Regiment Virginia on 26 April 1862 . 173. William James5 Gilmore (Joseph4, Joseph3, James2, John1)363,364,365 was born 07 December 1851 in Rockbridge Co. VA366,367, and died Aft. 1920 in Rockbridge Co. VA368. He married Fannie A. Hamilton 24 October 1883 in Rockbridge Co. VA369, daughter of A.J. Hamilton and M.E. Hamilton. She was born 1852370, and died Aft. 1920. Notes for William James Gilmore: Gilmore, James William, Gilmore's Mills. Rockbridge county. Represents Rockbridge County. Democrat, Born December 7, 1851, in Rockbridge County. Educated at Virginia Military Institute. Farmer. Source: VMI Bio 1880 Census Natural Bridge, Rockbridge Co. VA William J. GILMORE Self S Male W 28 VA Farmer VA VA Elizabeth C. GILMORE Sister S Female W 35 VA Keeping House VA VA Bef. 29 November 1892 -Inheritance: Sidney Vale Estate. William was one of three heirs of Joseph Gilmore, Jr. Others were his siblings Thomas and "Mrs J. T. McCrum"371 Dec 15, 1913 Deed Bk 116 pp 335-338 Sold to Bertha C Rice by JW Gilmore and FH his wife This was the sale of the last of Sidney Vale to non-family members. Census 1910 Lexington Dst. 127 Enumerated April 22 (pg. 22 ancestry.com) 242 Main Street (family renting house) Gilmore, James W. 50 Occupation: D(t?)_ ment Military School Francis H. 50 Mother of 1 child, married 26 yrs. Joseph 24 Clerk Hardware Store Also in residence: a cook and her two children (black). The image is hard to read. Ages should be 58 ? All other info fits.. Census 1920 Lexington, VA Enumerated Jan 30: 310 Washington Street Gilmore, James W. 68; Fanny H. (wife) 66; Joseph W. (son) 34, local supervisor at Western Power (Paper); Adams, Martha M. 60 (cook). The family owned their home free and clear. All in the household (and their parents) were born in VA. Child of William Gilmore and Fannie Hamilton is: 372 i. Joseph W.6 Gilmore, born ca. 1886372. Endnotes: 363. Rockbridge County, VA Records, Name in land deeds listed as J. William Gilmore.. 364. Wm. M. Paxton, The Paxtons-We Are One, (Platte City, MO 1903), Lists William James Gilmore s/o Capt Joseph Gilmore and 2nd wife, Catherine Paxton. States he lived in the "old Gilmore home, Sidney Vale, near Gilmore's Mill.. 365. Misc. Census records. 366. Virginia Constitutional Convention Directory 1901, Name listed as James William Gilmore. 367. Census 1920 Rockbridge Co. VA, Age in January enumeration given as 68 at last birthday. Name given as James W. Gilmore. 368. Census 1920 Rockbridge Co. VA, Age 68 in 1920 census. 369. Rockbridge County Marriages, Name of groom given as J. Wm.. Gilmores/o Jas (sic) and C.B. Gilmore. 370. Compiled, Rockbridge Co. Marriage Records 1851-1883, 31 yrs old at time of marriage. 371. Rockbridge County, VA Records, Deed Bk 78, pp 490-492. 372. dob based on age in Census Rockbridge Co. 1910, 1920. 177. Martha "Patsy"5 Paxton (Agnes Nancy4 Gilmore, William3, James2, John1) was born 1802 in Rockbridge Co. VA, and died 03 February 1852 in Columbus, Ohio. She married Robert "Robin" Gilmore373 17 December 1818 in Preble Co. OH., son of James Gilmore and Sarah Davidson. He was born ca. 1793 in Rockbridge Co. VA., died in Preble County, Ohio and is buried in Hopewell Cemetery. More About Martha "Patsy" Paxton: Married: 17 December 1818, Preble Co. OH to Robert R. Gilmore, who some think may have been grandson of John and Elinor Cunninham Gilmore. Child is listed above under (87) Robert "Robin" Gilmore. Endnote: 373. Freda Strampe, (letter of Apr 29, 2001). 216. Thomas Leech5 Gilmore (Thomas4, William3, James2, John1)374 was born 13 February 1818 in Livingston Co. Kentucky, and died 05 May 1855375. He married Elizabeth Christian Hawkins 09 March 1839 in Putnam Co. Ohio375. More About Elizabeth Christian Hawkins: Children: 376 Child of Thomas Gilmore and Elizabeth Hawkins is: 373 i. James Harvey6 Gilmore, born ca. February 1854377; died Aft. March 1923 in California378. Endnotes; 374. James Harvey Gilmore, Letter dated March 11, 1923 to W. Henry Mclean, in response to request for family information. (courtesy of Mary Wright). 375. ibid 376. ibid; "She was the mother of 12 children, six boys and six girls..." 377. ibid 378. ibid 220. Samuel Baldridge5 Gilmore (Thomas4, William3, James2, John1) was born 22 July 1827 in Eaton, Preble Co. Ohio, and died 17 February 1914 in St.Louis, MO. He married Mary Jane Thompson 17 November 1852379. She was born 06 May 1827 in Nashville, TN, and died 23 January 1872 in Effingham, ILL.. More About Mary Jane Thompson: Parents : John and Margaret Nixon Thompson.379 Children of Samuel Gilmore and Mary Thompson are: 374 i. Kate Thompson6 Gilmore. 375 ii. John Harvey Gilmore, died in Infancy. 376 iii. Luella Gilmore, died in Infancy. Twin of John Harvey. 377 iv. Margaret Louise Gilmore, born 1857. 378 v. William David Gilmore, born 1864; died in Infancy. 379 vi. Thomas Nixon Gilmore. Source: 379. Railey, Clementine Brown,History of the House of Ochiltree, Sterling Kansas, 1916. 272. John G5 Gilmore, Jr (John G4, John3, William2, John1)435 was b. ca. 1820, and died in TX (?). Child of John G Gilmore, Jr is: 429 i. John Simms6 Gilmore436, born ca. 1840. Endnotes: 435. Graham, Dixie, (Email). Information form John Simms Gilmore's small "old leather-bound book" in which names of family births, marriages, deaths recorded in his father's and grandfather's families. 436. ibid 275. James Harvey5 Gilmore (William C.4, John3, Thomas2, John1)437,438 was born ca. 1838 in Rockbridge Co.. He married Martha J McCluer 12 April 1864 in Rockbridge Co.439, daughter of Robert McCluer and Mary McCluer. She was born 1842 in Rockbridge Co.. Notes for James Harvey Gilmore: Mary Ingram: James Harvey Gilmore, b..Rockbridge Co. 7 Feb. 1838 and was CSA Chaplain. ... he is the father of Robert Campbell Gilmore, born 1866-67, Rockbridge Co. He entered Union Seminary in 1861. 1860 Census - James, Martha and fam were in Berkeley Co. W. VA. 1870, James is in Rockbridge Co. but wife's name given as Mary. James Harvey Gilmore: Military service: 1862, Chaplin440 Occupation: 1864, Chaplin, CSA Child of James Gilmore and Martha McCluer is: 430 i. Robert Campbell6 Gilmore, born ca. 1866441; died 1943. Mary Ingram: When Rev. Robert Gilmore died in 1943. The Presbyterian Synod of N. C. sent me: MEMORIALS TO DECEASED MINISTERS. It states that Robert's father was, James Harvey Gilmorefrom one of the old Presbyterian families which settled in Rockbridge County, Virginia about 1750. James was a graduate of Washington College, later, known as Washington and Lee University. Endnotes: 437. American Civil War Soldiers, (ancestry.com), Name as given in military records. 438. Marilyn B. Headley, Angela Ruley, Rockbridge County Marriage Bonds (compiled), 12 April 1864 Harvey Gilmore, 26, S, b/Rockbridge, Chaplin, C.S.A.,son of Wm. C. Gilmore & Mary Gilmore,. (See http://www.rootsweb.com/~usgenweb/va/rockbridge/license.html ) 439. ibid Parents of Harvey given as Wm C. & Mary Gilmore. WFJunkin officiating. 440. American Civil War Soldiers; James Harvey Gilmore 07 February 1838Born on 07 February 1838. Residence: Occupation: Service Record: Enlisted as a Private on 07 March 1862Enlisted in Company 1st, Rockbridge Light Artillery Regiment Virginia on 07 March 1862.Detailed on 20 November 1862 (To obtain clothing for the company)Promoted to Full Chaplain on 11 December 1862 (As of 21st VA Inf)Discharged for promotion Company 1st, Rockbridge Light Artillery Regiment Virginia on 11 December 1862Enlisted in Company S, 21st Infantry Regiment Virginia on 11 December 1862.Surrendered Company S, 21st Infantry Regiment Virginia on 09 April 1865 in Appomattox Court House, VA . 441. Mary Ingram Generation No. 6 303. Robert McAlister6 Gilmore (Anderson Smith5, John4, James3, James2, John1)442,443 was born July 1839 in KY, and died 1918 in Muskogee, OK. He married (1) Mary Virginia (Farris) Beatie444 ca. 1858, daughter of Kizziah Ford. She was born ca. 1840. He married (2) Victoria Callaway Still 1881445. He married (3) Beulah Hollingsworth 1895445. She was born November 1868 in TX. 1870 United States Federal Census > Kentucky > Pulaski > Dallas McCalister Rachel 84 2500 700 VA Gilmore Robt M 30 Farmer 400 KY Smith Sarah 59 (?) 2000 300 McCalister Thomas 19 B Works on farm _________Nelly M 14 M Domestic Servt More About Robert McAlister Gilmore: Additional Wives: Bet. 1881 - 1895, M. 1881 to Victoria Gamble; 1895 to Beulah Hollingsworth. Burial: Gibson, OK Military service: Served in Union Army during Civil War. 1900 U.S. Census • Indian Territory • Creek Nation • All Townships • ED# 60 Gilmore, Robert M 60 Town Assessor KY Beulah 31 TX Also in the household were"JB" 22, and James 20 Hollinsworth, Beulah's brothers Children of Robert Gilmore and Mary Beatie are: 431 i. Cyrus Beatie7 Gilmore, born July 1859 in Crab Orchard, Kentucky445,446; died in Rogers, Oklahoma. He married (1) Elizabeth McQueary, who died ca. 1880. He married (2) Rachel Cherokee Hickley447 ca. 1890 in Muscogee, OK. She was born 1867 in Texas; died ca. 1907 in Muscogee, Indian Terr. OK. Notes for Cyrus Beatie Gilmore: Bill Bayley: Cyrus Beattie (Beatie) Gilmore is the son of Robert McAlister Gilmore and Mary Virginia (Farris) Beatie, daughter of Josiah N. Beatie and Kizziah Ford (Crawford?) of Slick Rock, KY. He was born in Crab Orchard, KY but died in Rogers, OK. Rachel had eight kids and died at 40. . . . The stern Cherokee women raised the kids, who were all very proper. Two of the kids died as infants. Marriage Notes for Cyrus Gilmore and Rachel Gilmore: Names and approx. dob's taken from 1900 Census Indian Territory, Creek Nation, Muscogee Township (OK) 432 ii. Nancy Ellen "Nannie" Gilmore, born ca. 1861; married John Bruce "Jack" Bobbitt. Endnotes: 442. Wilma Cogdell, Memphis, Tenn., Kentucky Historical Society, Frankfort, KY.March 1975, et.al.. 443. Bill Bayley . 444. ibid email December 2004. 445. ibid 446. Census Records, 1900 Muscogee, OK.; Indian Territory: dob July 1859, KY. 447. Bill Bayley 304. James F. Beaty6 Gilmore (Anderson Smith5, John4, James3, James2, John1)448 was born 1842. He married Matilda Wright 1862. Children of James Gilmore and Matilda Wright are: 433 i. Nannie R.7 Gilmore, born 1865. 434 ii. George M. Gilmore, born 1867. More About George M. Gilmore: Spouse: 1887, Alice Orwin 435 iii. Elizabeth "Betty" Gilmore, born October 1869. 436 iv. Sallie Gilmore, born 1873. 437 v. Lula Gilmore, born 1876. 438 vi. Estelle Gilmore, born 1878. Source: 448. Wilma Cogdell, Memphis, Tenn., Kentucky Historical Society, Frankfort, KY.March 1975, et.al.. 351. John Wright6 Wheatley (Mildred Maria5 Humes, Eliza Stuart4 Gilmore, Joseph3, James2, John1)464 was born 01 May 1861, and died 18 June 1931. He married Mary Helen Van Devander. Source: 464. Eileen Hacker; Misc. Documents mailed to JMK 6 Oct. 2003, Gilmore/Rowland Genealogy, Gilmore/Rowland (2 pg.) genealogy outline apparently written by Ricarda Wheatley Bacchus. Bottom of back page reads: "Wm Humes was my grandmother Mildred Maria Humes-Wheatley's father.(Ricarda ? Bacchus). Other documents included letters to John from Josephine Gilmore Yeatman. My "Virginia Grandmother" Julia Carruthers Humes 364. Julia Carruthers6 Humes (James Edwin5, Eliza Stuart4 Gilmore, Joseph3, James2, John1) was born 25 July 1887 in Liberty Springs, Arkansas480, and died 17 July 1974 in Arlington, WA481. She was the daughter of James Edwin Humes and Mary Allie Rowland. She married Roy L. Bilyeu482 30 November 1910 in Post Falls, ID, son of James Bilyeu and Sarah Huddleston. He was born 28 December 1889 in Wardner, Shoshone Co, ID;483 died 16 February 1954 in Yakima, WA483,484. Julia had two additional direct lines to John and Agness Gilmore through her mother, Mary Allie Rowland: Julia7 (Mary Allie6, Rebecca Lackey5, Thomas Lackey4, Isabella3, James2, John1) Julia7 (Mary Allie6, Robert Rowland5, Mary Paxton Gilmore4, Joseph3, James2, John1) More About Julia Carruthers Humes: Burial: 22 July 1974, Terrace Heights Cemetery, Yakima, WA Julia's family was temporarily living in Liberty Springs, Arkansas, when she was born. Her mother died when Julia was only two, and the family then moved near Spokane in Eastern Washington. Julia grew up on her father's ranch hearing tales of the South while she learned to harness horses, drive combines, and cook for the annual harvest-crews. Shebecame a gifted tailor and seamstress and an excellent cook, famous as a young womanfor her "Southern" fried chicken and lemon pies that she provided for the harvest workers Children of Julia Humes and Roy Bilyeu are: 465 i. Robert C.7 Bilyeu, born 27 Oct 1911 in Spokane Co.,WA485; died 25 August 1999 in Yakima, WA486. He married Josephine Bilyeu; born ca. 1912; died in Yakima, WA. They had no children. 466 ii. Irene Alla Bilyeu, born 29 November 1912 in Spokane, Washington State487; died October 1993 in Lynnwood, WA. She married (1) ALBERT RALPH MERRILL ca. 1931; born 16 August 1909 in Fairbanks, AK488; died 20 September 1981 in Anacortes, WA489 Irene and Albert had one daughter, me! Joanne Irene Merrill, born 09 August 1932 in Yakima, WA. Irene married (2) Charles A. Pulkrabek ca. 1942; born 14 November 1915 in Hopkins, MN. He died August 1987. They had no children. 467 iii. Eva V. Bilyeu, born 15 June 1914 in Cheney, WA; died 13 Sept 1965 in San Bernardino, CA490,491. She married William Shields ca. 1944 in Seattle, WA (?); born ca. 1916 in Tennessee. They had one daughter. 468 iv. Bessie Covina Bilyeu born 07 June 1916 in Whitman Co., WA; died 17 Feb. 1999 in Yakima, WA. She married Robert Laurent; born ca. 1913 in Yakima, WA; died 15 April 1992 in Yakima, WA493. They had two sons and one daughter. Sources for vital stats and other information about the family of Julia Humes and Roy Bilyeu include family bibles, birth, baptism, marriage and death records from Idaho, Washington and California. Birth: Jan. 6, 1790 Death: Jan. 13, 1854 s/o Samuel Gilmore & Elizabeth Modrell Robert was born in Mercer Co., KY. He died in Buchanan Co., MO. His brother, James Gilmore, moved his family from Bedford Co., TN to Douglas Co., Oregon in 1852 via the Oregon Trail and the Applegate Trail. These Gilmore brothers married Poteet sisters. James' wife was Mary Polly Poteet. Robert's wife, Mary "Rebecca" Poteet was Polly's sister. I descend from a third Poteet sister, Mahala Poteet who married a Charles D. McGee. Mahala and Charles are buried in the Paradise Cemetery in Clay Co., MO. James and Mary Gilmore are buried in the Gilmore Cemetery in Douglas Co., Oregon. ks!

Table of count of persons and generations, in a single direct line of ancestors for a person born in the year 2000. {| cellpadding=5 align=center style="border:1px solid #BBB" | Year || Ancestral || Person || Generation || Cumulative |- | Born || Relationship || Count || Count || Persons |- | 2000 || YOU || 1 || 0 || 0 |- | 1980 || Parents (P) || 2 || 1 || 2 |- | 1960 || Grand P (GP) || 4 || 2 || 6 |- | 1940 || 1xGreat (Gr) GP || 8 || 3 || 14 |- | 1920 || 2xGrGP || 16 || 4 || 30 |- | 1900 || 3xGrGP || 32 || 5 || 62 |- | 1880 || 4xGrGP || 64 || 6 || 126 |- | 1860 || 5xGrGP || 128 || 7 || 254 |- | 1840 || 6xGrGP || 256 || 8 || 510 |- | 1820 || 7xGrGP || 512 || 9 || 1,022 |- | 1800 || 8xGrGP || 1,024 || 10 || 2,046 |- | 1780 || 9xGrGP || 2,048 || 11 || 4,094 |- | 1760 || 10xGrGP || 4,096 || 12 || 8,190 |- | 1740 || 11xGrGP || 8,192 || 13 || 16,382 |- | 1720 || 12xGrGP || 16,384 || 14 || 32,766 |- | 1700 || 13xGrGP || 32,768 || 15 || 65,534 |- | 1680 || 14xGrGP || 65,536 || 16 || 131,070 |- | 1660 || 15xGrGP || 131,072 || 17 || 262,142 |- | 1640 || 16xGrGP || 262,144 || 18 || 524,286 |- | 1620 || 17xGrGP || 524,288 || 19 || 1,048,574 |- | 1600 || 18xGrGP || 1,048,576 || 20 || 2,097,150 |- | - || Total || 2,097,150 || - || - |}

:::::::::'''GENESIS''' ::::::::''1st Book of the [[Space:Bible|Old Testament]]'' ==Chapter 1== 1 In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth. 2 And the earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters. 3 And God said, Let there be light: and there was light. 4 And God saw the light, that it was good: and God divided the light from the darkness. 5 And God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. And the evening and the morning were the first day. 6 And God said, Let there be a firmament in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters. 7 And God made the firmament, and divided the waters which were under the firmament from the waters which were above the firmament: and it was so. 8 And God called the firmament Heaven. And the evening and the morning were the second day. 9 And God said, Let the waters under the heaven be gathered together unto one place, and let the dry land appear: and it was so. 10 And God called the dry land Earth; and the gathering together of the waters called he Seas: and God saw that it was good. 11 And God said, Let the earth bring forth grass, the herb yielding seed, and the fruit tree yielding fruit after his kind, whose seed is in itself, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, and herb yielding seed after his kind, and the tree yielding fruit, whose seed was in itself, after his kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And the evening and the morning were the third day. 14 And God said, Let there be lights in the firmament of the heaven to divide the day from the night; and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days, and years: 15 And let them be for lights in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth: and it was so. 16 And God made two great lights; the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night: he made the stars also. 17 And God set them in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth, 18 And to rule over the day and over the night, and to divide the light from the darkness: and God saw that it was good. 19 And the evening and the morning were the fourth day. 20 And God said, Let the waters bring forth abundantly the moving creature that hath life, and fowl that may fly above the earth in the open firmament of heaven. 21 And God created great whales, and every living creature that moveth, which the waters brought forth abundantly, after their kind, and every winged fowl after his kind: and God saw that it was good. 22 And God blessed them, saying, Be fruitful, and multiply, and fill the waters in the seas, and let fowl multiply in the earth. 23 And the evening and the morning were the fifth day. 24 And God said, Let the earth bring forth the living creature after his kind, cattle, and creeping thing, and beast of the earth after his kind: and it was so. 25 And God made the beast of the earth after his kind, and cattle after their kind, and every thing that creepeth upon the earth after his kind: and God saw that it was good. 26 And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth. 27 So God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him; male and female created he them. 28 And God blessed them, and God said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it: and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that moveth upon the earth. 29 And God said, Behold, I have given you every herb bearing seed, which is upon the face of all the earth, and every tree, in the which is the fruit of a tree yielding seed; to you it shall be for meat. 30 And to every beast of the earth, and to every fowl of the air, and to every thing that creepeth upon the earth, wherein there is life, I have given every green herb for meat: and it was so. 31 And God saw every thing that he had made, and, behold, it was very good. And the evening and the morning were the sixth day. ==Chapter 2== 1 Thus the heavens and the earth were finished, and all the host of them. 2 And on the seventh day God ended his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made. 3 And God blessed the seventh day, and sanctified it: because that in it he had rested from all his work which God created and made. 4 These are the generations of the heavens and of the earth when they were created, in the day that the LORD God made the earth and the heavens, 5 And every plant of the field before it was in the earth, and every herb of the field before it grew: for the LORD God had not caused it to rain upon the earth, and there was not a man to till the ground. 6 But there went up a mist from the earth, and watered the whole face of the ground. 7 And the LORD God formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living soul. 8 And the LORD God planted a garden eastward in Eden; and there he put the man whom he had formed. 9 And out of the ground made the LORD God to grow every tree that is pleasant to the sight, and good for food; the tree of life also in the midst of the garden, and the tree of knowledge of good and evil. 10 And a river went out of Eden to water the garden; and from thence it was parted, and became into four heads. 11 The name of the first is Pison: that is it which compasseth the whole land of [[Space:Havilah|Havilah]], where there is gold; 12 And the gold of that land is good: there is bdellium and the onyx stone. 13 And the name of the second river is Gihon: the same is it that compasseth the whole land of Ethiopia. 14 And the name of the third river is Hiddekel: that is it which goeth toward the east of Assyria. And the fourth river is Euphrates. 15 And the LORD God took the man, and put him into the garden of Eden to dress it and to keep it. 16 And the LORD God commanded the man, saying, Of every tree of the garden thou mayest freely eat: 17 But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die. 18 And the LORD God said, It is not good that the man should be alone; I will make him an help meet for him. 19 And out of the ground the LORD God formed every beast of the field, and every fowl of the air; and brought them unto [[Space:Adam|Adam]] to see what he would call them: and whatsoever [[Space:Adam|Adam]] called every living creature, that was the name thereof. 20 And [[Space:Adam|Adam]] gave names to all cattle, and to the fowl of the air, and to every beast of the field; but for [[Space:Adam|Adam]] there was not found an help meet for him. 21 And the LORD God caused a deep sleep to fall upon [[Space:Adam|Adam]], and he slept: and he took one of his ribs, and closed up the flesh instead thereof; 22 And the rib, which the LORD God had taken from man, made he a woman, and brought her unto the man. 23 And [[Space:Adam|Adam]] said, This is now bone of my bones, and flesh of my flesh: she shall be called Woman, because she was taken out of Man. 24 Therefore shall a man leave his father and his mother, and shall cleave unto his wife: and they shall be one flesh. 25 And they were both naked, the man and his wife, and were not ashamed. ==Chapter 3== 1 Now the serpent was more subtil than any beast of the field which the LORD God had made. And he said unto the woman, Yea, hath God said, Ye shall not eat of every tree of the garden? 2 And the woman said unto the serpent, We may eat of the fruit of the trees of the garden: 3 But of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of the garden, God hath said, Ye shall not eat of it, neither shall ye touch it, lest ye die. 4 And the serpent said unto the woman, Ye shall not surely die: 5 For God doth know that in the day ye eat thereof, then your eyes shall be opened, and ye shall be as gods, knowing good and evil. 6 And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to be desired to make one wise, she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat, and gave also unto her husband with her; and he did eat. 7 And the eyes of them both were opened, and they knew that they were naked; and they sewed fig leaves together, and made themselves aprons. 8 And they heard the voice of the LORD God walking in the garden in the cool of the day: and [[Space:Adam|Adam]] and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the LORD God amongst the trees of the garden. 9 And the LORD God called unto [[Space:Adam|Adam]], and said unto him, Where art thou? 10 And he said, I heard thy voice in the garden, and I was afraid, because I was naked; and I hid myself. 11 And he said, Who told thee that thou wast naked? Hast thou eaten of the tree, whereof I commanded thee that thou shouldest not eat? 12 And the man said, The woman whom thou gavest to be with me, she gave me of the tree, and I did eat. 13 And the LORD God said unto the woman, What is this that thou hast done? And the woman said, The serpent beguiled me, and I did eat. 14 And the LORD God said unto the serpent, Because thou hast done this, thou art cursed above all cattle, and above every beast of the field; upon thy belly shalt thou go, and dust shalt thou eat all the days of thy life: 15 And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel. 16 Unto the woman he said, I will greatly multiply thy sorrow and thy conception; in sorrow thou shalt bring forth children; and thy desire shall be to thy husband, and he shall rule over thee. 17 And unto [[Space:Adam|Adam]] he said, Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, saying, Thou shalt not eat of it: cursed is the ground for thy sake; in sorrow shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life; 18 Thorns also and thistles shall it bring forth to thee; and thou shalt eat the herb of the field; 19 In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken: for dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return. 20 And [[Space:Adam|Adam]] called his wife's name [[Space:Eve|Eve]]; because she was the mother of all living. 21 Unto [[Space:Adam|Adam]] also and to his wife did the LORD God make coats of skins, and clothed them. 22 And the LORD God said, Behold, the man is become as one of us, to know good and evil: and now, lest he put forth his hand, and take also of the tree of life, and eat, and live for ever: 23 Therefore the LORD God sent him forth from the garden of Eden, to till the ground from whence he was taken. 24 So he drove out the man; and he placed at the east of the garden of Eden Cherubims, and a flaming sword which turned every way, to keep the way of the tree of life. ==Chapter 4== 1 And [[Space:Adam|Adam]] knew [[Space:Eve|Eve]] his wife; and she conceived, and bare [[Space:Cain|Cain]], and said, I have gotten a man from the LORD. 2 And she again bare his brother [[Space:Abel|Abel]]. And [[Space:Abel|Abel]] was a keeper of sheep, but [[Space:Cain|Cain]] was a tiller of the ground. 3 And in process of time it came to pass, that [[Space:Cain|Cain]] brought of the fruit of the ground an offering unto the LORD. 4 And [[Space:Abel|Abel]], he also brought of the firstlings of his flock and of the fat thereof. And the LORD had respect unto [[Space:Abel|Abel]] and to his offering: 5 But unto [[Space:Cain|Cain]] and to his offering he had not respect. And [[Space:Cain|Cain]] was very wroth, and his countenance fell. 6 And the LORD said unto [[Space:Cain|Cain]], Why art thou wroth? and why is thy countenance fallen? 7 If thou doest well, shalt thou not be accepted? and if thou doest not well, sin lieth at the door. And unto thee shall be his desire, and thou shalt rule over him. 8 And [[Space:Cain|Cain]] talked with [[Space:Abel|Abel]] his brother: and it came to pass, when they were in the field, that [[Space:Cain|Cain]] rose up against [[Space:Abel|Abel]] his brother, and slew him. 9 And the LORD said unto [[Space:Cain|Cain]], Where is [[Space:Abel|Abel]] thy brother? And he said, I know not: Am I my brother's keeper? 10 And he said, What hast thou done? the voice of thy brother's blood crieth unto me from the ground. 11 And now art thou cursed from the earth, which hath opened her mouth to receive thy brother's blood from thy hand; 12 When thou tillest the ground, it shall not henceforth yield unto thee her strength; a fugitive and a vagabond shalt thou be in the earth. 13 And [[Space:Cain|Cain]] said unto the LORD, My punishment is greater than I can bear. 14 Behold, thou hast driven me out this day from the face of the earth; and from thy face shall I be hid; and I shall be a fugitive and a vagabond in the earth; and it shall come to pass, that every one that findeth me shall slay me. 15 And the LORD said unto him, Therefore whosoever slayeth [[Space:Cain|Cain]], vengeance shall be taken on him sevenfold. And the LORD set a mark upon [[Space:Cain|Cain]], lest any finding him should kill him. 16 And [[Space:Cain|Cain]] went out from the presence of the LORD, and dwelt in the land of Nod, on the east of Eden. 17 And [[Space:Cain|Cain]] knew his wife; and she conceived, and bare [[Space:Enoch|Enoch]]: and he builded a city, and called the name of the city, after the name of his son, [[Space:Enoch|Enoch]]. 18 And unto [[Space:Enoch|Enoch]] was born [[Space:Irad|Irad]] : and [[Space:Irad|Irad]] begat [[Space:Mehujael|Mehujael]] : and [[Space:Mehujael|Mehujael]] begat [[Space:Methusael|Methusael]] : and [[Space:Methusael|Methusael]] begat [[Space:Lamech|Lamech]]. 19 And [[Space:Lamech|Lamech]] took unto him two wives: the name of the one was [[Space:Adah|Adah]] , and the name of the other [[Space:Zillah|Zillah]] . 20 And [[Space:Adah|Adah]] bare [[Space:Jabal|Jabal]]: he was the father of such as dwell in tents, and of such as have cattle. 21 And his brother's name was [[Space:Jubal|Jubal]]: he was the father of all such as handle the harp and organ. 22 And [[Space:Zillah|Zillah]] , she also bare [[Space:Tubalcain|Tubalcain]], an instructer of every artificer in brass and iron: and the sister of [[Space:Tubalcain|Tubalcain]] was [[Space:Naamah|Naamah]]. 23 And [[Space:Lamech|Lamech]] said unto his wives, [[Space:Adah|Adah]] and [[Space:Zillah|Zillah]] , Hear my voice; ye wives of [[Space:Lamech|Lamech]] , hearken unto my speech: for I have slain a man to my wounding, and a young man to my hurt. 24 If [[Space:Cain|Cain]] shall be avenged sevenfold, truly [[Space:Lamech|Lamech]] seventy and sevenfold. 25 And [[Space:Adam|Adam]] knew his wife again; and she bare a son, and called his name [[Space:Seth|Seth]]: For God, said she, hath appointed me another seed instead of [[Space:Abel|Abel]], whom [[Space:Cain|Cain]] slew. 26 And to [[Space:Seth|Seth]], to him also there was born a son; and he called his name [[Space:Enos|Enos]]: then began men to call upon the name of the LORD. ==Chapter 5== 1 This is the book of the generations of [[Space:Adam|Adam]]. In the day that God created man, in the likeness of God made he him; 2 Male and female created he them; and blessed them, and called their name [[Space:Adam|Adam]], in the day when they were created. 3 And [[Space:Adam|Adam]] lived an hundred and thirty years, and begat a son in his own likeness, after his image; and called his name [[Space:Seth|Seth]]: 4 And the days of [[Space:Adam|Adam]] after he had begotten [[Space:Seth|Seth]] were eight hundred years: and he begat sons and daughters: 5 And all the days that [[Space:Adam|Adam]] lived were nine hundred and thirty years: and he died. 6 And [[Space:Seth|Seth]] lived an hundred and five years, and begat [[Space:Enos|Enos]]: 7 And [[Space:Seth|Seth]] lived after he begat [[Space:Enos|Enos]] eight hundred and seven years, and begat sons and daughters: 8 And all the days of [[Space:Seth|Seth]] were nine hundred and twelve years: and he died. 9 And [[Space:Enos|Enos]] lived ninety years, and begat [[Space:Cainan|Cainan]] 10 And [[Space:Enos|Enos]] lived after he begat [[Space:Cainan|Cainan]] eight hundred and fifteen years, and begat sons and daughters: 11 And all the days of [[Space:Enos|Enos]] were nine hundred and five years: and he died. 12 And [[Space:Cainan|Cainan]] lived seventy years, and begat [[Space:Mahalaleel|Mahalaleel]]: 13 And [[Space:Cainan|Cainan]] lived after he begat [[Space:Mahalaleel|Mahalaleel]] eight hundred and forty years, and begat sons and daughters: 14 And all the days of [[Space:Cainan|Cainan]] were nine hundred and ten years: and he died. 15 And [[Space:Mahalaleel|Mahalaleel]] lived sixty and five years, and begat [[Space:Jared|Jared]]: 16 And [[Space:Mahalaleel|Mahalaleel]] lived after he begat [[Space:Jared|Jared]] eight hundred and thirty years, and begat sons and daughters: 17 And all the days of [[Space:Mahalaleel|Mahalaleel]] were eight hundred ninety and five years: and he died. 18 And [[Space:Jared|Jared]] lived an hundred sixty and two years, and he begat [[Space:Enoch|Enoch]]: 19 And [[Space:Jared|Jared]] lived after he begat [[Space:Enoch|Enoch]] eight hundred years, and begat sons and daughters: 20 And all the days of [[Space:Jared|Jared]] were nine hundred sixty and two years: and he died. 21 And [[Space:Enoch|Enoch]] lived sixty and five years, and begat [[Space:Methuselah|Methuselah]]: 22 And [[Space:Enoch|Enoch]] walked with God after he begat [[Space:Methuselah|Methuselah]] three hundred years, and begat sons and daughters: 23 And all the days of [[Space:Enoch|Enoch]] were three hundred sixty and five years: 24 And [[Space:Enoch|Enoch]] walked with God: and he was not; for God took him. 25 And [[Space:Methuselah|Methuselah]] lived an hundred eighty and seven years, and begat [[Space:Lamech|Lamech]] : 26 And [[Space:Methuselah|Methuselah]] lived after he begat [[Space:Lamech|Lamech]] seven hundred eighty and two years, and begat sons and daughters: 27 And all the days of [[Space:Methuselah|Methuselah]]: were nine hundred sixty and nine years: and he died. 28 And [[Space:Lamech|Lamech]] lived an hundred eighty and two years, and begat a son: 29 And he called his name [[Space:Noah|Noah]], saying, This same shall comfort us concerning our work and toil of our hands, because of the ground which the LORD hath cursed. 30 And [[Space:Lamech|Lamech]] lived after he begat [[Space:Noah|Noah]] five hundred ninety and five years, and begat sons and daughters: 31 And all the days of [[Space:Lamech|Lamech]] were seven hundred seventy and seven years: and he died. 32 And [[Space:Noah|Noah]] was five hundred years old: and [[Space:Noah|Noah]] begat [[Space:Shem|Shem]], [[Space:Ham|Ham]], and [[Space:Japheth|Japheth]] . ==Chapter 6== 1 And it came to pass, when men began to multiply on the face of the earth, and daughters were born unto them, 2 That the sons of God saw the daughters of men that they were fair; and they took them wives of all which they chose. 3 And the LORD said, My spirit shall not always strive with man, for that he also is flesh: yet his days shall be an hundred and twenty years. 4 There were giants in the earth in those days; and also after that, when the sons of God came in unto the daughters of men, and they bare children to them, the same became mighty men which were of old, men of renown. 5 And GOD saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, and that every imagination of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually. 6 And it repented the LORD that he had made man on the earth, and it grieved him at his heart. 7 And the LORD said, I will destroy man whom I have created from the face of the earth; both man, and beast, and the creeping thing, and the fowls of the air; for it repenteth me that I have made them. 8 But [[Space:Noah|Noah]] found grace in the eyes of the LORD. 9 These are the generations of [[Space:Noah|Noah]]: [[Space:Noah|Noah]] was a just man and perfect in his generations, and [[Space:Noah|Noah]] walked with God. 10 And [[Space:Noah|Noah]] begat three sons, [[Space:Shem|Shem]], [[Space:Ham|Ham]], and [[Space:Japheth|Japheth]]. 11 The earth also was corrupt before God, and the earth was filled with violence. 12 And God looked upon the earth, and, behold, it was corrupt; for all flesh had corrupted his way upon the earth. 13 And God said unto [[Space:Noah|Noah]], The end of all flesh is come before me; for the earth is filled with violence through them; and, behold, I will destroy them with the earth. 14 Make thee an ark of gopher wood; rooms shalt thou make in the ark, and shalt pitch it within and without with pitch. 15 And this is the fashion which thou shalt make it of: The length of the ark shall be three hundred cubits, the breadth of it fifty cubits, and the height of it thirty cubits. 16 A window shalt thou make to the ark, and in a cubit shalt thou finish it above; and the door of the ark shalt thou set in the side thereof; with lower, second, and third stories shalt thou make it. 17 And, behold, I, even I, do bring a [[Space:flood|flood]] of waters upon the earth, to destroy all flesh, wherein is the breath of life, from under heaven; and every thing that is in the earth shall die. 18 But with thee will I establish my covenant; and thou shalt come into the ark, thou, and thy sons, and thy wife, and thy sons' wives with thee. 19 And of every living thing of all flesh, two of every sort shalt thou bring into the ark, to keep them alive with thee; they shall be male and female. 20 Of fowls after their kind, and of cattle after their kind, of every creeping thing of the earth after his kind, two of every sort shall come unto thee, to keep them alive. 21 And take thou unto thee of all food that is eaten, and thou shalt gather it to thee; and it shall be for food for thee, and for them. 22 Thus did [[Space:Noah|Noah]]; according to all that God commanded him, so did he. ==Chapter 7== 1 And the LORD said unto [[Space:Noah|Noah]], Come thou and all thy house into the ark; for thee have I seen righteous before me in this generation. 2 Of every clean beast thou shalt take to thee by sevens, the male and his female: and of beasts that are not clean by two, the male and his female. 3 Of fowls also of the air by sevens, the male and the female; to keep seed alive upon the face of all the earth. 4 For yet seven days, and I will cause it to rain upon the earth forty days and forty nights; and every living substance that I have made will I destroy from off the face of the earth. 5 And [[Space:Noah|Noah]] did according unto all that the LORD commanded him. 6 And [[Space:Noah|Noah]] was six hundred years old when the [[Space:flood|flood]] of waters was upon the earth. 7 And [[Space:Noah|Noah]] went in, and his sons, and his wife, and his sons' wives with him, into the ark, because of the waters of the [[Space:flood|flood]] . 8 Of clean beasts, and of beasts that are not clean, and of fowls, and of every thing that creepeth upon the earth, 9 There went in two and two unto [[Space:Noah|Noah]] into the ark, the male and the female, as God had commanded [[Space:Noah|Noah]]. 10 And it came to pass after seven days, that the waters of the [[Space:flood|flood]] were upon the earth. 11 In the six hundredth year of [[Space:Noah|Noah's]] life, in the second month, the seventeenth day of the month, the same day were all the fountains of the great deep broken up, and the windows of heaven were opened. 12 And the rain was upon the earth forty days and forty nights. 13 In the selfsame day entered [[Space:Noah|Noah]], and [[Space:Shem|Shem]], and [[Space:Ham|Ham]], and [[Space:Japheth|Japheth]], the sons of Noah, and [[Space:Noah|Noah's]] wife, and the three wives of his sons with them, into the ark; 14 They, and every beast after his kind, and all the cattle after their kind, and every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth after his kind, and every fowl after his kind, every bird of every sort. 15 And they went in unto [[Space:Noah|Noah]] into the ark, two and two of all flesh, wherein is the breath of life. 16 And they that went in, went in male and female of all flesh, as God had commanded him: and the LORD shut him in. 17 And the [[Space:flood|flood]] was forty days upon the earth; and the waters increased, and bare up the ark, and it was lift up above the earth. 18 And the waters prevailed, and were increased greatly upon the earth; and the ark went upon the face of the waters. 19 And the waters prevailed exceedingly upon the earth; and all the high hills, that were under the whole heaven, were covered. 20 Fifteen cubits upward did the waters prevail; and the mountains were covered. 21 And all flesh died that moved upon the earth, both of fowl, and of cattle, and of beast, and of every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth, and every man: 22 All in whose nostrils was the breath of life, of all that was in the dry land, died. 23 And every living substance was destroyed which was upon the face of the ground, both man, and cattle, and the creeping things, and the fowl of the heaven; and they were destroyed from the earth: and [[Space:Noah|Noah]] only remained alive, and they that were with him in the ark. 24 And the waters prevailed upon the earth an hundred and fifty days. ==Chapter 8== 1 And God remembered [[Space:Noah|Noah]], and every living thing, and all the cattle that was with him in the ark: and God made a wind to pass over the earth, and the waters asswaged; 2 The fountains also of the deep and the windows of heaven were stopped, and the rain from heaven was restrained; 3 And the waters returned from off the earth continually: and after the end of the hundred and fifty days the waters were abated. 4 And the ark rested in the seventh month, on the seventeenth day of the month, upon the mountains of Ararat. 5 And the waters decreased continually until the tenth month: in the tenth month, on the first day of the month, were the tops of the mountains seen. 6 And it came to pass at the end of forty days, that [[Space:Noah|Noah]] opened the window of the ark which he had made: 7 And he sent forth a raven, which went forth to and fro, until the waters were dried up from off the earth. 8 Also he sent forth a dove from him, to see if the waters were abated from off the face of the ground; 9 But the dove found no rest for the sole of her foot, and she returned unto him into the ark, for the waters were on the face of the whole earth: then he put forth his hand, and took her, and pulled her in unto him into the ark. 10 And he stayed yet other seven days; and again he sent forth the dove out of the ark; 11 And the dove came in to him in the evening; and, lo, in her mouth was an olive leaf pluckt off: so [[Space:Noah|Noah]] knew that the waters were abated from off the earth. 12 And he stayed yet other seven days; and sent forth the dove; which returned not again unto him any more. 13 And it came to pass in the six hundredth and first year, in the first month, the first day of the month, the waters were dried up from off the earth: and [[Space:Noah|Noah]] removed the covering of the ark, and looked, and, behold, the face of the ground was dry. 14 And in the second month, on the seven and twentieth day of the month, was the earth dried. 15 And God spake unto [[Space:Noah|Noah]], saying, 16 Go forth of the ark, thou, and thy wife, and thy sons, and thy sons' wives with thee. 17 Bring forth with thee every living thing that is with thee, of all flesh, both of fowl, and of cattle, and of every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth; that they may breed abundantly in the earth, and be fruitful, and multiply upon the earth. 18 And [[Space:Noah|Noah]] went forth, and his sons, and his wife, and his sons' wives with him: 19 Every beast, every creeping thing, and every fowl, and whatsoever creepeth upon the earth, after their kinds, went forth out of the ark. 20 And [[Space:Noah|Noah]] builded an altar unto the LORD; and took of every clean beast, and of every clean fowl, and offered burnt offerings on the altar. 21 And the LORD smelled a sweet savour; and the LORD said in his heart, I will not again curse the ground any more for man's sake; for the imagination of man's heart is evil from his youth; neither will I again smite any more every thing living, as I have done. 22 While the earth remaineth, seedtime and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night shall not cease. ==Chapter 9== 1 And God blessed [[Space:Noah|Noah]] and his sons, and said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth. 2 And the fear of you and the dread of you shall be upon every beast of the earth, and upon every fowl of the air, upon all that moveth upon the earth, and upon all the fishes of the sea; into your hand are they delivered. 3 Every moving thing that liveth shall be meat for you; even as the green herb have I given you all things. 4 But flesh with the life thereof, which is the blood thereof, shall ye not eat. 5 And surely your blood of your lives will I require; at the hand of every beast will I require it, and at the hand of man; at the hand of every man's brother will I require the life of man. 6 Whoso sheddeth man's blood, by man shall his blood be shed: for in the image of God made he man. 7 And you, be ye fruitful, and multiply; bring forth abundantly in the earth, and multiply therein. 8 And God spake unto [[Space:Noah|Noah]], and to his sons with him, saying, 9 And I, behold, I establish my covenant with you, and with your seed after you; 10 And with every living creature that is with you, of the fowl, of the cattle, and of every beast of the earth with you; from all that go out of the ark, to every beast of the earth. 11 And I will establish my covenant with you; neither shall all flesh be cut off any more by the waters of a [[Space:flood|flood]] ; neither shall there any more be a [[Space:flood|flood]] to destroy the earth. 12 And God said, This is the token of the covenant which I make between me and you and every living creature that is with you, for perpetual generations: 13 I do set my bow in the cloud, and it shall be for a token of a covenant between me and the earth. 14 And it shall come to pass, when I bring a cloud over the earth, that the bow shall be seen in the cloud: 15 And I will remember my covenant, which is between me and you and every living creature of all flesh; and the waters shall no more become a [[Space:flood|flood]] to destroy all flesh. 16 And the bow shall be in the cloud; and I will look upon it, that I may remember the everlasting covenant between God and every living creature of all flesh that is upon the earth. 17 And God said unto [[Space:Noah|Noah]], This is the token of the covenant, which I have established between me and all flesh that is upon the earth. 18 And the sons of [[Space:Noah|Noah]], that went forth of the ark, were [[Space:Shem|Shem]], and [[Space:Ham|Ham]], and [[Space:Japheth|Japheth]]: and [[Space:Ham|Ham]] is the father of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]]. 19 These are the three sons of [[Space:Noah|Noah]]: and of them was the whole earth overspread. 20 And [[Space:Noah|Noah]] began to be an husbandman, and he planted a vineyard: 21 And he drank of the wine, and was drunken; and he was uncovered within his tent. 22 And [[Space:Ham|Ham]], the father of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]], saw the nakedness of his father, and told his two brethren without. 23 And [[Space:Shem|Shem]] and [[Space:Japheth|Japheth]] took a garment, and laid it upon both their shoulders, and went backward, and covered the nakedness of their father; and their faces were backward, and they saw not their father's nakedness. 24 And [[Space:Noah|Noah]] awoke from his wine, and knew what his younger son had done unto him. 25 And he said, Cursed be [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]]; a servant of servants shall he be unto his brethren. 26 And he said, Blessed be the LORD God of [[Space:Shem|Shem]]; and [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]] shall be his servant. 27 God shall enlarge [[Space:Japheth|Japheth]], and he shall dwell in the tents of [[Space:Shem|Shem]]; and [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]] shall be his servant. 28 And [[Space:Noah|Noah]] lived after the [[Space:flood|flood]] three hundred and fifty years. 29 And all the days of [[Space:Noah|Noah]] were nine hundred and fifty years: and he died. ==Chapter 10== 1 Now these are the generations of the sons of [[Space:Noah|Noah]], [[Space:Shem|Shem]], [[Space:Ham|Ham]], and [[Space:Japheth|Japheth]]: and unto them were sons born after the [[Space:flood|flood]] . 2 The sons of [[Space:Japheth|Japheth]]; [[Space:Gomer|Gomer]], and [[Space:Magog|Magog]], and [[Space:Madai|Madai]], and [[Space:Javan|Javan]], and [[Space:Tubal|Tubal]], and [[Space:Meshech|Meshech]], and [[Space:Tiras|Tiras]]. 3 And the sons of [[Space:Gomer|Gomer]]; [[Space:Ashkenaz|Ashkenaz]], and [[Space:Riphath|Riphath]], and [[Space:Togarmah|Togarmah]]. 4 And the sons of [[Space:Javan|Javan]]; [[Space:Elishah|Elishah]], and [[Space:Tarshish|Tarshish]], [[Space:Kittim|Kittim]], and [[Space:Dodanim|Dodanim]]. 5 By these were the isles of the Gentiles divided in their lands; every one after his tongue, after their families, in their nations. 6 And the sons of [[Space:Ham|Ham]]; [[Space:Cush|Cush]], and [[Space:Mizraim|Mizraim]], and [[Space:Phut|Phut]], and [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]]. 7 And the sons of [[Space:Cush|Cush]]; [[Space:Seba|Seba]], and [[Space:Havilah|Havilah]], and [[Space:Sabtah|Sabtah]], and [[Space:Raamah|Raamah]], and [[Space:Sabtecha|Sabtecha]]: and the sons of [[Space:Raamah|Raamah]]; [[Space:Sheba|Sheba]], and [[Space:Dedan|Dedan]]. 8 And [[Space:Cush|Cush]] begat [[Space:Nimrod|Nimrod]]: he began to be a mighty one in the earth. 9 He was a mighty hunter before the LORD: wherefore it is said, Even as [[Space:Nimrod|Nimrod]] the mighty hunter before the LORD. 10 And the beginning of his kingdom was Babel, and Erech, and Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar. 11 Out of that land went forth Asshur, and builded Nineveh, and the city Rehoboth, and Calah, 12 And Resen between Nineveh and Calah: the same is a great city. 13 And [[Space:Mizraim|Mizraim]] begat [[Space:Ludim|Ludim]], and [[Space:Anamim|Anamim]], and [[Space:Lehabim|Lehabim]], and [[Space:Naphtuhim|Naphtuhim]], 14 And [[Space:Pathrusim|Pathrusim]], and [[Space:Casluhim|Casluhim]], (out of whom came [[Space:Philistim|Philistim]],) and [[Space:Caphtorim|Caphtorim]]. 15 And [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]] begat [[Space:Sidon|Sidon]] his firstborn, and [[Space:Heth|Heth]], 16 And the Jebusite, and the Amorite, and the Girgasite, 17 And the Hivite, and the Arkite, and the Sinite, 18 And the Arvadite, and the Zemarite, and the Hamathite: and afterward were the families of the Canaanites spread abroad. 19 And the border of the Canaanites was from [[Space:Sidon|Sidon]], as thou comest to Gerar, unto Gaza; as thou goest, unto Sodom, and Gomorrah, and Admah, and Zeboim, even unto Lasha. 20 These are the sons of [[Space:Ham|Ham]], after their families, after their tongues, in their countries, and in their nations. 21 Unto [[Space:Shem|Shem]] also, the father of all the children of [[Space:Eber|Eber]], the brother of [[Space:Japheth_the_elder|Japheth_the_elder]], even to him were children born. 22 The children of [[Space:Shem|Shem]]; [[Space:Elam|Elam]], and [[Space:Asshur|Asshur]], and [[Space:Arphaxad|Arphaxad]], and [[Space:Lud|Lud]], and [[Space:Aram|Aram]]. 23 And the children of Aram; Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Mash. 24 And Arphaxad begat Salah; and Salah begat [[Space:Eber|Eber]]. 25 And unto [[Space:Eber|Eber]] were born two sons: the name of one was Peleg; for in his days was the earth divided; and his brother's name was Joktan. 26 And Joktan begat Almodad, and Sheleph, and Hazarmaveth, and Jerah, 27 And Hadoram, and Uzal, and Diklah, 28 And Obal, and Abimael, and [[Space:Sheba|Sheba]], 29 And Ophir, and [[Space:Havilah|Havilah]], and Jobab: all these were the sons of Joktan. 30 And their dwelling was from Mesha, as thou goest unto Sephar a mount of the east. 31 These are the sons of [[Space:Shem|Shem]], after their families, after their tongues, in their lands, after their nations. 32 These are the families of the sons of Noah, after their generations, in their nations: and by these were the nations divided in the earth after the [[Space:flood|flood]] . ==Chapter 11== 1 And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech. 2 And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there. 3 And they said one to another, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them throughly. And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for morter. 4 And they said, Go to, let us build us a city and a tower, whose top may reach unto heaven; and let us make us a name, lest we be scattered abroad upon the face of the whole earth. 5 And the LORD came down to see the city and the tower, which the children of men builded. 6 And the LORD said, Behold, the people is one, and they have all one language; and this they begin to do: and now nothing will be restrained from them, which they have imagined to do. 7 Go to, let us go down, and there confound their language, that they may not understand one another's speech. 8 So the LORD scattered them abroad from thence upon the face of all the earth: and they left off to build the city. 9 Therefore is the name of it called Babel; because the LORD did there confound the language of all the earth: and from thence did the LORD scatter them abroad upon the face of all the earth. 10 These are the generations of [[Space:Shem|Shem]]: [[Space:Shem|Shem]] was an hundred years old, and begat Arphaxad two years after the [[Space:flood|flood]] : 11 And [[Space:Shem|Shem]] lived after he begat Arphaxad five hundred years, and begat sons and daughters. 12 And Arphaxad lived five and thirty years, and begat Salah: 13 And Arphaxad lived after he begat Salah four hundred and three years, and begat sons and daughters. 14 And Salah lived thirty years, and begat Eber: 15 And Salah lived after he begat Eber four hundred and three years, and begat sons and daughters. 16 And Eber lived four and thirty years, and begat Peleg: 17 And Eber lived after he begat Peleg four hundred and thirty years, and begat sons and daughters. 18 And Peleg lived thirty years, and begat Reu: 19 And Peleg lived after he begat Reu two hundred and nine years, and begat sons and daughters. 20 And Reu lived two and thirty years, and begat Serug: 21 And Reu lived after he begat Serug two hundred and seven years, and begat sons and daughters. 22 And Serug lived thirty years, and begat Nahor: 23 And Serug lived after he begat Nahor two hundred years, and begat sons and daughters. 24 And Nahor lived nine and twenty years, and begat Terah: 25 And Nahor lived after he begat Terah an hundred and nineteen years, and begat sons and daughters. 26 And Terah lived seventy years, and begat Abram, Nahor, and Haran. 27 Now these are the generations of Terah: Terah begat Abram, Nahor, and Haran; and Haran begat Lot. 28 And Haran died before his father Terah in the land of his nativity, in Ur of the Chaldees. 29 And Abram and Nahor took them wives: the name of Abram's wife was Sarai; and the name of Nahor's wife, Milcah, the daughter of Haran, the father of Milcah, and the father of Iscah. 30 But Sarai was barren; she had no child. 31 And Terah took Abram his son, and Lot the son of Haran his son's son, and Sarai his daughter in law, his son Abram's wife; and they went forth with them from Ur of the Chaldees, to go into the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]]; and they came unto Haran, and dwelt there. 32 And the days of Terah were two hundred and five years: and Terah died in Haran. ==Chapter 12== 1 Now the LORD had said unto Abram, Get thee out of thy country, and from thy kindred, and from thy father's house, unto a land that I will shew thee: 2 And I will make of thee a great nation, and I will bless thee, and make thy name great; and thou shalt be a blessing: 3 And I will bless them that bless thee, and curse him that curseth thee: and in thee shall all families of the earth be blessed. 4 So Abram departed, as the LORD had spoken unto him; and Lot went with him: and Abram was seventy and five years old when he departed out of Haran. 5 And Abram took Sarai his wife, and Lot his brother's son, and all their substance that they had gathered, and the souls that they had gotten in Haran; and they went forth to go into the land of Canaan; and into the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]]they came. 6 And Abram passed through the land unto the place of Sichem, unto the plain of Moreh. And the Canaanite was then in the land. 7 And the LORD appeared unto Abram, and said, Unto thy seed will I give this land: and there builded he an altar unto the LORD, who appeared unto him. 8 And he removed from thence unto a mountain on the east of Bethel, and pitched his tent, having Bethel on the west, and Hai on the east: and there he builded an altar unto the LORD, and called upon the name of the LORD. 9 And Abram journeyed, going on still toward the south. 10 And there was a famine in the land: and Abram went down into Egypt to sojourn there; for the famine was grievous in the land. 11 And it came to pass, when he was come near to enter into Egypt, that he said unto Sarai his wife, Behold now, I know that thou art a fair woman to look upon: 12 Therefore it shall come to pass, when the Egyptians shall see thee, that they shall say, This is his wife: and they will kill me, but they will save thee alive. 13 Say, I pray thee, thou art my sister: that it may be well with me for thy sake; and my soul shall live because of thee. 14 And it came to pass, that, when Abram was come into Egypt, the Egyptians beheld the woman that she was very fair. 15 The princes also of Pharaoh saw her, and commended her before Pharaoh: and the woman was taken into Pharaoh's house. 16 And he entreated Abram well for her sake: and he had sheep, and oxen, and he asses, and menservants, and maidservants, and she asses, and camels. 17 And the LORD plagued Pharaoh and his house with great plagues because of Sarai Abram's wife. 18 And Pharaoh called Abram, and said, What is this that thou hast done unto me? why didst thou not tell me that she was thy wife? 19 Why saidst thou, She is my sister? so I might have taken her to me to wife: now therefore behold thy wife, take her, and go thy way. 20 And Pharaoh commanded his men concerning him: and they sent him away, and his wife, and all that he had. ==Chapter 13== 1 And Abram went up out of Egypt, he, and his wife, and all that he had, and Lot with him, into the south. 2 And Abram was very rich in cattle, in silver, and in gold. 3 And he went on his journeys from the south even to Bethel, unto the place where his tent had been at the beginning, between Bethel and Hai; 4 Unto the place of the altar, which he had made there at the first: and there Abram called on the name of the LORD. 5 And Lot also, which went with Abram, had flocks, and herds, and tents. 6 And the land was not able to bear them, that they might dwell together: for their substance was great, so that they could not dwell together. 7 And there was a strife between the herdmen of Abram's cattle and the herdmen of Lot's cattle: and the Canaanite and the Perizzite dwelled then in the land. 8 And Abram said unto Lot, Let there be no strife, I pray thee, between me and thee, and between my herdmen and thy herdmen; for we be brethren. 9 Is not the whole land before thee? separate thyself, I pray thee, from me: if thou wilt take the left hand, then I will go to the right; or if thou depart to the right hand, then I will go to the left. 10 And Lot lifted up his eyes, and beheld all the plain of Jordan, that it was well watered every where, before the LORD destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah, even as the garden of the LORD, like the land of Egypt, as thou comest unto Zoar. 11 Then Lot chose him all the plain of Jordan; and Lot journeyed east: and they separated themselves the one from the other. 12 Abram dwelled in the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]], and Lot dwelled in the cities of the plain, and pitched his tent toward Sodom. 13 But the men of Sodom were wicked and sinners before the LORD exceedingly. 14 And the LORD said unto Abram, after that Lot was separated from him, Lift up now thine eyes, and look from the place where thou art northward, and southward, and eastward, and westward: 15 For all the land which thou seest, to thee will I give it, and to thy seed for ever. 16 And I will make thy seed as the dust of the earth: so that if a man can number the dust of the earth, then shall thy seed also be numbered. 17 Arise, walk through the land in the length of it and in the breadth of it; for I will give it unto thee. 18 Then Abram removed his tent, and came and dwelt in the plain of Mamre, which is in Hebron, and built there an altar unto the LORD. ==Chapter 14== 1 And it came to pass in the days of Amraphel king of Shinar, Arioch king of Ellasar, Chedorlaomer king of Elam, and Tidal king of nations; 2 That these made war with Bera king of Sodom, and with Birsha king of Gomorrah, Shinab king of Admah, and Shemeber king of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela, which is Zoar. 3 All these were joined together in the vale of Siddim, which is the salt sea. 4 Twelve years they served Chedorlaomer, and in the thirteenth year they rebelled. 5 And in the fourteenth year came Chedorlaomer, and the kings that were with him, and smote the Rephaims in Ashteroth Karnaim, and the Zuzims in [[Space:Ham|Ham]], and the Emims in Shaveh Kiriathaim, 6 And the Horites in their mount Seir, unto Elparan, which is by the wilderness. 7 And they returned, and came to Enmishpat, which is Kadesh, and smote all the country of the Amalekites, and also the Amorites, that dwelt in Hazezontamar. 8 And there went out the king of Sodom, and the king of Gomorrah, and the king of Admah, and the king of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela (the same is Zoar;) and they joined battle with them in the vale of Siddim; 9 With Chedorlaomer the king of Elam, and with Tidal king of nations, and Amraphel king of Shinar, and Arioch king of Ellasar; four kings with five. 10 And the vale of Siddim was full of slimepits; and the kings of Sodom and Gomorrah fled, and fell there; and they that remained fled to the mountain. 11 And they took all the goods of Sodom and Gomorrah, and all their victuals, and went their way. 12 And they took Lot, Abram's brother's son, who dwelt in Sodom, and his goods, and departed. 13 And there came one that had escaped, and told Abram the Hebrew; for he dwelt in the plain of Mamre the Amorite, brother of Eshcol, and brother of Aner: and these were confederate with Abram. 14 And when Abram heard that his brother was taken captive, he armed his trained servants, born in his own house, three hundred and eighteen, and pursued them unto Dan. 15 And he divided himself against them, he and his servants, by night, and smote them, and pursued them unto Hobah, which is on the left hand of Damascus. 16 And he brought back all the goods, and also brought again his brother Lot, and his goods, and the women also, and the people. 17 And the king of Sodom went out to meet him after his return from the slaughter of Chedorlaomer, and of the kings that were with him, at the valley of Shaveh, which is the king's dale. 18 And Melchizedek king of Salem brought forth bread and wine: and he was the priest of the most high God. 19 And he blessed him, and said, Blessed be Abram of the most high God, possessor of heaven and earth: 20 And blessed be the most high God, which hath delivered thine enemies into thy hand. And he gave him tithes of all. 21 And the king of Sodom said unto Abram, Give me the persons, and take the goods to thyself. 22 And Abram said to the king of Sodom, I have lift up mine hand unto the LORD, the most high God, the possessor of heaven and earth, 23 That I will not take from a thread even to a shoelatchet, and that I will not take any thing that is thine, lest thou shouldest say, I have made Abram rich: 24 Save only that which the young men have eaten, and the portion of the men which went with me, Aner, Eshcol, and Mamre; let them take their portion. ==Chapter 15== 1 After these things the word of the LORD came unto Abram in a vision, saying, Fear not, Abram: I am thy shield, and thy exceeding great reward. 2 And Abram said, Lord GOD, what wilt thou give me, seeing I go childless, and the steward of my house is this Eliezer of Damascus? 3 And Abram said, Behold, to me thou hast given no seed: and, lo, one born in my house is mine heir. 4 And, behold, the word of the LORD came unto him, saying, This shall not be thine heir; but he that shall come forth out of thine own bowels shall be thine heir. 5 And he brought him forth abroad, and said, Look now toward heaven, and tell the stars, if thou be able to number them: and he said unto him, So shall thy seed be. 6 And he believed in the LORD; and he counted it to him for righteousness. 7 And he said unto him, I am the LORD that brought thee out of Ur of the Chaldees, to give thee this land to inherit it. 8 And he said, Lord GOD, whereby shall I know that I shall inherit it? 9 And he said unto him, Take me an heifer of three years old, and a she goat of three years old, and a ram of three years old, and a turtledove, and a young pigeon. 10 And he took unto him all these, and divided them in the midst, and laid each piece one against another: but the birds divided he not. 11 And when the fowls came down upon the carcases, Abram drove them away. 12 And when the sun was going down, a deep sleep fell upon Abram; and, lo, an horror of great darkness fell upon him. 13 And he said unto Abram, Know of a surety that thy seed shall be a stranger in a land that is not theirs, and shall serve them; and they shall afflict them four hundred years; 14 And also that nation, whom they shall serve, will I judge: and afterward shall they come out with great substance. 15 And thou shalt go to thy fathers in peace; thou shalt be buried in a good old age. 16 But in the fourth generation they shall come hither again: for the iniquity of the Amorites is not yet full. 17 And it came to pass, that, when the sun went down, and it was dark, behold a smoking furnace, and a burning lamp that passed between those pieces. 18 In the same day the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying, Unto thy seed have I given this land, from the river of Egypt unto the great river, the river Euphrates: 19 The Kenites, and the Kenizzites, and the Kadmonites, 20 And the Hittites, and the Perizzites, and the Rephaims, 21 And the Amorites, and the Canaanites, and the Girgashites, and the Jebusites. ==Chapter 16== 1 Now Sarai Abram's wife bare him no children: and she had an handmaid, an Egyptian, whose name was Hagar. 2 And Sarai said unto Abram, Behold now, the LORD hath restrained me from bearing: I pray thee, go in unto my maid; it may be that I may obtain children by her. And Abram hearkened to the voice of Sarai. 3 And Sarai Abram's wife took Hagar her maid the Egyptian, after Abram had dwelt ten years in the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]], and gave her to her husband Abram to be his wife. 4 And he went in unto Hagar, and she conceived: and when she saw that she had conceived, her mistress was despised in her eyes. 5 And Sarai said unto Abram, My wrong be upon thee: I have given my maid into thy bosom; and when she saw that she had conceived, I was despised in her eyes: the LORD judge between me and thee. 6 But Abram said unto Sarai, Behold, thy maid is in thy hand; do to her as it pleaseth thee. And when Sarai dealt hardly with her, she fled from her face. 7 And the angel of the LORD found her by a fountain of water in the wilderness, by the fountain in the way to Shur. 8 And he said, Hagar, Sarai's maid, whence camest thou? and whither wilt thou go? And she said, I flee from the face of my mistress Sarai. 9 And the angel of the LORD said unto her, Return to thy mistress, and submit thyself under her hands. 10 And the angel of the LORD said unto her, I will multiply thy seed exceedingly, that it shall not be numbered for multitude. 11 And the angel of the LORD said unto her, Behold, thou art with child, and shalt bear a son, and shalt call his name Ishmael; because the LORD hath heard thy affliction. 12 And he will be a wild man; his hand will be against every man, and every man's hand against him; and he shall dwell in the presence of all his brethren. 13 And she called the name of the LORD that spake unto her, Thou God seest me: for she said, Have I also here looked after him that seeth me? 14 Wherefore the well was called Beerlahairoi; behold, it is between Kadesh and Bered. 15 And Hagar bare Abram a son: and Abram called his son's name, which Hagar bare, Ishmael. 16 And Abram was fourscore and six years old, when Hagar bare Ishmael to Abram. ==Chapter 17== 1 And when Abram was ninety years old and nine, the LORD appeared to Abram, and said unto him, I am the Almighty God; walk before me, and be thou perfect. 2 And I will make my covenant between me and thee, and will multiply thee exceedingly. 3 And Abram fell on his face: and God talked with him, saying, 4 As for me, behold, my covenant is with thee, and thou shalt be a father of many nations. 5 Neither shall thy name any more be called Abram, but thy name shall be Abraham; for a father of many nations have I made thee. 6 And I will make thee exceeding fruitful, and I will make nations of thee, and kings shall come out of thee. 7 And I will establish my covenant between me and thee and thy seed after thee in their generations for an everlasting covenant, to be a God unto thee, and to thy seed after thee. 8 And I will give unto thee, and to thy seed after thee, the land wherein thou art a stranger, all the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]], for an everlasting possession; and I will be their God. 9 And God said unto Abraham, Thou shalt keep my covenant therefore, thou, and thy seed after thee in their generations. 10 This is my covenant, which ye shall keep, between me and you and thy seed after thee; Every man child among you shall be circumcised. 11 And ye shall circumcise the flesh of your foreskin; and it shall be a token of the covenant betwixt me and you. 12 And he that is eight days old shall be circumcised among you, every man child in your generations, he that is born in the house, or bought with money of any stranger, which is not of thy seed. 13 He that is born in thy house, and he that is bought with thy money, must needs be circumcised: and my covenant shall be in your flesh for an everlasting covenant. 14 And the uncircumcised man child whose flesh of his foreskin is not circumcised, that soul shall be cut off from his people; he hath broken my covenant. 15 And God said unto Abraham, As for Sarai thy wife, thou shalt not call her name Sarai, but Sarah shall her name be. 16 And I will bless her, and give thee a son also of her: yea, I will bless her, and she shall be a mother of nations; kings of people shall be of her. 17 Then Abraham fell upon his face, and laughed, and said in his heart, Shall a child be born unto him that is an hundred years old? and shall Sarah, that is ninety years old, bear? 18 And Abraham said unto God, O that Ishmael might live before thee! 19 And God said, Sarah thy wife shall bear thee a son indeed; and thou shalt call his name Isaac: and I will establish my covenant with him for an everlasting covenant, and with his seed after him. 20 And as for Ishmael, I have heard thee: Behold, I have blessed him, and will make him fruitful, and will multiply him exceedingly; twelve princes shall he beget, and I will make him a great nation. 21 But my covenant will I establish with Isaac, which Sarah shall bear unto thee at this set time in the next year. 22 And he left off talking with him, and God went up from Abraham. 23 And Abraham took Ishmael his son, and all that were born in his house, and all that were bought with his money, every male among the men of Abraham's house; and circumcised the flesh of their foreskin in the selfsame day, as God had said unto him. 24 And Abraham was ninety years old and nine, when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin. 25 And Ishmael his son was thirteen years old, when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin. 26 In the selfsame day was Abraham circumcised, and Ishmael his son. 27 And all the men of his house, born in the house, and bought with money of the stranger, were circumcised with him. ==Chapter 18== 1 And the LORD appeared unto him in the plains of Mamre: and he sat in the tent door in the heat of the day; 2 And he lift up his eyes and looked, and, lo, three men stood by him: and when he saw them, he ran to meet them from the tent door, and bowed himself toward the ground, 3 And said, My Lord, if now I have found favour in thy sight, pass not away, I pray thee, from thy servant: 4 Let a little water, I pray you, be fetched, and wash your feet, and rest yourselves under the tree: 5 And I will fetch a morsel of bread, and comfort ye your hearts; after that ye shall pass on: for therefore are ye come to your servant. And they said, So do, as thou hast said. 6 And Abraham hastened into the tent unto Sarah, and said, Make ready quickly three measures of fine meal, knead it, and make cakes upon the hearth. 7 And Abraham ran unto the herd, and fetcht a calf tender and good, and gave it unto a young man; and he hasted to dress it. 8 And he took butter, and milk, and the calf which he had dressed, and set it before them; and he stood by them under the tree, and they did eat. 9 And they said unto him, Where is Sarah thy wife? And he said, Behold, in the tent. 10 And he said, I will certainly return unto thee according to the time of life; and, lo, Sarah thy wife shall have a son. And Sarah heard it in the tent door, which was behind him. 11 Now Abraham and Sarah were old and well stricken in age; and it ceased to be with Sarah after the manner of women. 12 Therefore Sarah laughed within herself, saying, After I am waxed old shall I have pleasure, my lord being old also? 13 And the LORD said unto Abraham, Wherefore did Sarah laugh, saying, Shall I of a surety bear a child, which am old? 14 Is any thing too hard for the LORD? At the time appointed I will return unto thee, according to the time of life, and Sarah shall have a son. 15 Then Sarah denied, saying, I laughed not; for she was afraid. And he said, Nay; but thou didst laugh. 16 And the men rose up from thence, and looked toward Sodom: and Abraham went with them to bring them on the way. 17 And the LORD said, Shall I hide from Abraham that thing which I do; 18 Seeing that Abraham shall surely become a great and mighty nation, and all the nations of the earth shall be blessed in him? 19 For I know him, that he will command his children and his household after him, and they shall keep the way of the LORD, to do justice and judgment; that the LORD may bring upon Abraham that which he hath spoken of him. 20 And the LORD said, Because the cry of Sodom and Gomorrah is great, and because their sin is very grievous; 21 I will go down now, and see whether they have done altogether according to the cry of it, which is come unto me; and if not, I will know. 22 And the men turned their faces from thence, and went toward Sodom: but Abraham stood yet before the LORD. 23 And Abraham drew near, and said, Wilt thou also destroy the righteous with the wicked? 24 Peradventure there be fifty righteous within the city: wilt thou also destroy and not spare the place for the fifty righteous that are therein? 25 That be far from thee to do after this manner, to slay the righteous with the wicked: and that the righteous should be as the wicked, that be far from thee: Shall not the Judge of all the earth do right? 26 And the LORD said, If I find in Sodom fifty righteous within the city, then I will spare all the place for their sakes. 27 And Abraham answered and said, Behold now, I have taken upon me to speak unto the Lord, which am but dust and ashes: 28 Peradventure there shall lack five of the fifty righteous: wilt thou destroy all the city for lack of five? And he said, If I find there forty and five, I will not destroy it. 29 And he spake unto him yet again, and said, Peradventure there shall be forty found there. And he said, I will not do it for forty's sake. 30 And he said unto him, Oh let not the Lord be angry, and I will speak: Peradventure there shall thirty be found there. And he said, I will not do it, if I find thirty there. 31 And he said, Behold now, I have taken upon me to speak unto the Lord: Peradventure there shall be twenty found there. And he said, I will not destroy it for twenty's sake. 32 And he said, Oh let not the Lord be angry, and I will speak yet but this once: Peradventure ten shall be found there. And he said, I will not destroy it for ten's sake. 33 And the LORD went his way, as soon as he had left communing with Abraham: and Abraham returned unto his place. ==Chapter 19== 1 And there came two angels to Sodom at even; and Lot sat in the gate of Sodom: and Lot seeing them rose up to meet them; and he bowed himself with his face toward the ground; 2 And he said, Behold now, my lords, turn in, I pray you, into your servant's house, and tarry all night, and wash your feet, and ye shall rise up early, and go on your ways. And they said, Nay; but we will abide in the street all night. 3 And he pressed upon them greatly; and they turned in unto him, and entered into his house; and he made them a feast, and did bake unleavened bread, and they did eat. 4 But before they lay down, the men of the city, even the men of Sodom, compassed the house round, both old and young, all the people from every quarter: 5 And they called unto Lot, and said unto him, Where are the men which came in to thee this night? bring them out unto us, that we may know them. 6 And Lot went out at the door unto them, and shut the door after him, 7 And said, I pray you, brethren, do not so wickedly. 8 Behold now, I have two daughters which have not known man; let me, I pray you, bring them out unto you, and do ye to them as is good in your eyes: only unto these men do nothing; for therefore came they under the shadow of my roof. 9 And they said, Stand back. And they said again, This one fellow came in to sojourn, and he will needs be a judge: now will we deal worse with thee, than with them. And they pressed sore upon the man, even Lot, and came near to break the door. 10 But the men put forth their hand, and pulled Lot into the house to them, and shut to the door. 11 And they smote the men that were at the door of the house with blindness, both small and great: so that they wearied themselves to find the door. 12 And the men said unto Lot, Hast thou here any besides? son in law, and thy sons, and thy daughters, and whatsoever thou hast in the city, bring them out of this place: 13 For we will destroy this place, because the cry of them is waxen great before the face of the LORD; and the LORD hath sent us to destroy it. 14 And Lot went out, and spake unto his sons in law, which married his daughters, and said, Up, get you out of this place; for the LORD will destroy this city. But he seemed as one that mocked unto his sons in law. 15 And when the morning arose, then the angels hastened Lot, saying, Arise, take thy wife, and thy two daughters, which are here; lest thou be consumed in the iniquity of the city. 16 And while he lingered, the men laid hold upon his hand, and upon the hand of his wife, and upon the hand of his two daughters; the LORD being merciful unto him: and they brought him forth, and set him without the city. 17 And it came to pass, when they had brought them forth abroad, that he said, Escape for thy life; look not behind thee, neither stay thou in all the plain; escape to the mountain, lest thou be consumed. 18 And Lot said unto them, Oh, not so, my Lord: 19 Behold now, thy servant hath found grace in thy sight, and thou hast magnified thy mercy, which thou hast shewed unto me in saving my life; and I cannot escape to the mountain, lest some evil take me, and I die: 20 Behold now, this city is near to flee unto, and it is a little one: Oh, let me escape thither, (is it not a little one?) and my soul shall live. 21 And he said unto him, See, I have accepted thee concerning this thing also, that I will not overthrow this city, for the which thou hast spoken. 22 Haste thee, escape thither; for I cannot do any thing till thou be come thither. Therefore the name of the city was called Zoar. 23 The sun was risen upon the earth when Lot entered into Zoar. 24 Then the LORD rained upon Sodom and upon Gomorrah brimstone and fire from the LORD out of heaven; 25 And he overthrew those cities, and all the plain, and all the inhabitants of the cities, and that which grew upon the ground. 26 But his wife looked back from behind him, and she became a pillar of salt. 27 And Abraham gat up early in the morning to the place where he stood before the LORD: 28 And he looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the plain, and beheld, and, lo, the smoke of the country went up as the smoke of a furnace. 29 And it came to pass, when God destroyed the cities of the plain, that God remembered Abraham, and sent Lot out of the midst of the overthrow, when he overthrew the cities in the which Lot dwelt. 30 And Lot went up out of Zoar, and dwelt in the mountain, and his two daughters with him; for he feared to dwell in Zoar: and he dwelt in a cave, he and his two daughters. 31 And the firstborn said unto the younger, Our father is old, and there is not a man in the earth to come in unto us after the manner of all the earth: 32 Come, let us make our father drink wine, and we will lie with him, that we may preserve seed of our father. 33 And they made their father drink wine that night: and the firstborn went in, and lay with her father; and he perceived not when she lay down, nor when she arose. 34 And it came to pass on the morrow, that the firstborn said unto the younger, Behold, I lay yesternight with my father: let us make him drink wine this night also; and go thou in, and lie with him, that we may preserve seed of our father. 35 And they made their father drink wine that night also: and the younger arose, and lay with him; and he perceived not when she lay down, nor when she arose. 36 Thus were both the daughters of Lot with child by their father. 37 And the firstborn bare a son, and called his name Moab: the same is the father of the Moabites unto this day. 38 And the younger, she also bare a son, and called his name Benammi: the same is the father of the children of Ammon unto this day. ==Chapter 20== 1 And Abraham journeyed from thence toward the south country, and dwelled between Kadesh and Shur, and sojourned in Gerar. 2 And Abraham said of Sarah his wife, She is my sister: and Abimelech king of Gerar sent, and took Sarah. 3 But God came to Abimelech in a dream by night, and said to him, Behold, thou art but a dead man, for the woman which thou hast taken; for she is a man's wife. 4 But Abimelech had not come near her: and he said, Lord, wilt thou slay also a righteous nation? 5 Said he not unto me, She is my sister? and she, even she herself said, He is my brother: in the integrity of my heart and innocency of my hands have I done this. 6 And God said unto him in a dream, Yea, I know that thou didst this in the integrity of thy heart; for I also withheld thee from sinning against me: therefore suffered I thee not to touch her. 7 Now therefore restore the man his wife; for he is a prophet, and he shall pray for thee, and thou shalt live: and if thou restore her not, know thou that thou shalt surely die, thou, and all that are thine. 8 Therefore Abimelech rose early in the morning, and called all his servants, and told all these things in their ears: and the men were sore afraid. 9 Then Abimelech called Abraham, and said unto him, What hast thou done unto us? and what have I offended thee, that thou hast brought on me and on my kingdom a great sin? thou hast done deeds unto me that ought not to be done. 10 And Abimelech said unto Abraham, What sawest thou, that thou hast done this thing? 11 And Abraham said, Because I thought, Surely the fear of God is not in this place; and they will slay me for my wife's sake. 12 And yet indeed she is my sister; she is the daughter of my father, but not the daughter of my mother; and she became my wife. 13 And it came to pass, when God caused me to wander from my father's house, that I said unto her, This is thy kindness which thou shalt shew unto me; at every place whither we shall come, say of me, He is my brother. 14 And Abimelech took sheep, and oxen, and menservants, and womenservants, and gave them unto Abraham, and restored him Sarah his wife. 15 And Abimelech said, Behold, my land is before thee: dwell where it pleaseth thee. 16 And unto Sarah he said, Behold, I have given thy brother a thousand pieces of silver: behold, he is to thee a covering of the eyes, unto all that are with thee, and with all other: thus she was reproved. 17 So Abraham prayed unto God: and God healed Abimelech, and his wife, and his maidservants; and they bare children. 18 For the LORD had fast closed up all the wombs of the house of Abimelech, because of Sarah Abraham's wife. ==Chapter 21== 1 And the LORD visited Sarah as he had said, and the LORD did unto Sarah as he had spoken. 2 For Sarah conceived, and bare Abraham a son in his old age, at the set time of which God had spoken to him. 3 And Abraham called the name of his son that was born unto him, whom Sarah bare to him, Isaac. 4 And Abraham circumcised his son Isaac being eight days old, as God had commanded him. 5 And Abraham was an hundred years old, when his son Isaac was born unto him. 6 And Sarah said, God hath made me to laugh, so that all that hear will laugh with me. 7 And she said, Who would have said unto Abraham, that Sarah should have given children suck? for I have born him a son in his old age. 8 And the child grew, and was weaned: and Abraham made a great feast the same day that Isaac was weaned. 9 And Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian, which she had born unto Abraham, mocking. 10 Wherefore she said unto Abraham, Cast out this bondwoman and her son: for the son of this bondwoman shall not be heir with my son, even with Isaac. 11 And the thing was very grievous in Abraham's sight because of his son. 12 And God said unto Abraham, Let it not be grievous in thy sight because of the lad, and because of thy bondwoman; in all that Sarah hath said unto thee, hearken unto her voice; for in Isaac shall thy seed be called. 13 And also of the son of the bondwoman will I make a nation, because he is thy seed. 14 And Abraham rose up early in the morning, and took bread, and a bottle of water, and gave it unto Hagar, putting it on her shoulder, and the child, and sent her away: and she departed, and wandered in the wilderness of Beer[[Space:Sheba|Sheba]]. 15 And the water was spent in the bottle, and she cast the child under one of the shrubs. 16 And she went, and sat her down over against him a good way off, as it were a bowshot: for she said, Let me not see the death of the child. And she sat over against him, and lift up her voice, and wept. 17 And God heard the voice of the lad; and the angel of God called to Hagar out of heaven, and said unto her, What aileth thee, Hagar? fear not; for God hath heard the voice of the lad where he is. 18 Arise, lift up the lad, and hold him in thine hand; for I will make him a great nation. 19 And God opened her eyes, and she saw a well of water; and she went, and filled the bottle with water, and gave the lad drink. 20 And God was with the lad; and he grew, and dwelt in the wilderness, and became an archer. 21 And he dwelt in the wilderness of Paran: and his mother took him a wife out of the land of Egypt. 22 And it came to pass at that time, that Abimelech and Phichol the chief captain of his host spake unto Abraham, saying, God is with thee in all that thou doest: 23 Now therefore swear unto me here by God that thou wilt not deal falsely with me, nor with my son, nor with my son's son: but according to the kindness that I have done unto thee, thou shalt do unto me, and to the land wherein thou hast sojourned. 24 And Abraham said, I will swear. 25 And Abraham reproved Abimelech because of a well of water, which Abimelech's servants had violently taken away. 26 And Abimelech said, I wot not who hath done this thing: neither didst thou tell me, neither yet heard I of it, but to day. 27 And Abraham took sheep and oxen, and gave them unto Abimelech; and both of them made a covenant. 28 And Abraham set seven ewe lambs of the flock by themselves. 29 And Abimelech said unto Abraham, What mean these seven ewe lambs which thou hast set by themselves? 30 And he said, For these seven ewe lambs shalt thou take of my hand, that they may be a witness unto me, that I have digged this well. 31 Wherefore he called that place Beer[[Space:Sheba|Sheba]]; because there they sware both of them. 32 Thus they made a covenant at Beer[[Space:Sheba|Sheba]]: then Abimelech rose up, and Phichol the chief captain of his host, and they returned into the land of the Philistines. 33 And Abraham planted a grove in Beer[[Space:Sheba|Sheba]], and called there on the name of the LORD, the everlasting God. 34 And Abraham sojourned in the Philistines' land many days. ==Chapter 22== 1 And it came to pass after these things, that God did tempt Abraham, and said unto him, Abraham: and he said, Behold, here I am. 2 And he said, Take now thy son, thine only son Isaac, whom thou lovest, and get thee into the land of Moriah; and offer him there for a burnt offering upon one of the mountains which I will tell thee of. 3 And Abraham rose up early in the morning, and saddled his ass, and took two of his young men with him, and Isaac his son, and clave the wood for the burnt offering, and rose up, and went unto the place of which God had told him. 4 Then on the third day Abraham lifted up his eyes, and saw the place afar off. 5 And Abraham said unto his young men, Abide ye here with the ass; and I and the lad will go yonder and worship, and come again to you. 6 And Abraham took the wood of the burnt offering, and laid it upon Isaac his son; and he took the fire in his hand, and a knife; and they went both of them together. 7 And Isaac spake unto Abraham his father, and said, My father: and he said, Here am I, my son. And he said, Behold the fire and the wood: but where is the lamb for a burnt offering? 8 And Abraham said, My son, God will provide himself a lamb for a burnt offering: so they went both of them together. 9 And they came to the place which God had told him of; and Abraham built an altar there, and laid the wood in order, and bound Isaac his son, and laid him on the altar upon the wood. 10 And Abraham stretched forth his hand, and took the knife to slay his son. 11 And the angel of the LORD called unto him out of heaven, and said, Abraham, Abraham: and he said, Here am I. 12 And he said, Lay not thine hand upon the lad, neither do thou any thing unto him: for now I know that thou fearest God, seeing thou hast not withheld thy son, thine only son from me. 13 And Abraham lifted up his eyes, and looked, and behold behind him a ram caught in a thicket by his horns: and Abraham went and took the ram, and offered him up for a burnt offering in the stead of his son. 14 And Abraham called the name of that place Jehovahjireh: as it is said to this day, In the mount of the LORD it shall be seen. 15 And the angel of the LORD called unto Abraham out of heaven the second time, 16 And said, By myself have I sworn, saith the LORD, for because thou hast done this thing, and hast not withheld thy son, thine only son: 17 That in blessing I will bless thee, and in multiplying I will multiply thy seed as the stars of the heaven, and as the sand which is upon the sea shore; and thy seed shall possess the gate of his enemies; 18 And in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed; because thou hast obeyed my voice. 19 So Abraham returned unto his young men, and they rose up and went together to Beer[[Space:Sheba|Sheba]]; and Abraham dwelt at Beer[[Space:Sheba|Sheba]]. 20 And it came to pass after these things, that it was told Abraham, saying, Behold, Milcah, she hath also born children unto thy brother Nahor; 21 Huz his firstborn, and Buz his brother, and Kemuel the father of Aram, 22 And Chesed, and Hazo, and Pildash, and Jidlaph, and Bethuel. 23 And Bethuel begat Rebekah: these eight Milcah did bear to Nahor, Abraham's brother. 24 And his concubine, whose name was Reumah, she bare also Tebah, and Gaham, and Thahash, and Maachah. ==Chapter 23== 1 And Sarah was an hundred and seven and twenty years old: these were the years of the life of Sarah. 2 And Sarah died in Kirjatharba; the same is Hebron in the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]]: and Abraham came to mourn for Sarah, and to weep for her. 3 And Abraham stood up from before his dead, and spake unto the sons of Heth, saying, 4 I am a stranger and a sojourner with you: give me a possession of a buryingplace with you, that I may bury my dead out of my sight. 5 And the children of Heth answered Abraham, saying unto him, 6 Hear us, my lord: thou art a mighty prince among us: in the choice of our sepulchres bury thy dead; none of us shall withhold from thee his sepulchre, but that thou mayest bury thy dead. 7 And Abraham stood up, and bowed himself to the people of the land, even to the children of Heth. 8 And he communed with them, saying, If it be your mind that I should bury my dead out of my sight; hear me, and intreat for me to Ephron the son of Zohar, 9 That he may give me the cave of Machpelah, which he hath, which is in the end of his field; for as much money as it is worth he shall give it me for a possession of a buryingplace amongst you. 10 And Ephron dwelt among the children of Heth: and Ephron the Hittite answered Abraham in the audience of the children of Heth, even of all that went in at the gate of his city, saying, 11 Nay, my lord, hear me: the field give I thee, and the cave that is therein, I give it thee; in the presence of the sons of my people give I it thee: bury thy dead. 12 And Abraham bowed down himself before the people of the land. 13 And he spake unto Ephron in the audience of the people of the land, saying, But if thou wilt give it, I pray thee, hear me: I will give thee money for the field; take it of me, and I will bury my dead there. 14 And Ephron answered Abraham, saying unto him, 15 My lord, hearken unto me: the land is worth four hundred shekels of silver; what is that betwixt me and thee? bury therefore thy dead. 16 And Abraham hearkened unto Ephron; and Abraham weighed to Ephron the silver, which he had named in the audience of the sons of Heth, four hundred shekels of silver, current money with the merchant. 17 And the field of Ephron, which was in Machpelah, which was before Mamre, the field, and the cave which was therein, and all the trees that were in the field, that were in all the borders round about, were made sure 18 Unto Abraham for a possession in the presence of the children of Heth, before all that went in at the gate of his city. 19 And after this, Abraham buried Sarah his wife in the cave of the field of Machpelah before Mamre: the same is Hebron in the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]]. 20 And the field, and the cave that is therein, were made sure unto Abraham for a possession of a buryingplace by the sons of Heth. ==Chapter 24== 1 And Abraham was old, and well stricken in age: and the LORD had blessed Abraham in all things. 2 And Abraham said unto his eldest servant of his house, that ruled over all that he had, Put, I pray thee, thy hand under my thigh: 3 And I will make thee swear by the LORD, the God of heaven, and the God of the earth, that thou shalt not take a wife unto my son of the daughters of the Canaanites, among whom I dwell: 4 But thou shalt go unto my country, and to my kindred, and take a wife unto my son Isaac. 5 And the servant said unto him, Peradventure the woman will not be willing to follow me unto this land: must I needs bring thy son again unto the land from whence thou camest? 6 And Abraham said unto him, Beware thou that thou bring not my son thither again. 7 The LORD God of heaven, which took me from my father's house, and from the land of my kindred, and which spake unto me, and that sware unto me, saying, Unto thy seed will I give this land; he shall send his angel before thee, and thou shalt take a wife unto my son from thence. 8 And if the woman will not be willing to follow thee, then thou shalt be clear from this my oath: only bring not my son thither again. 9 And the servant put his hand under the thigh of Abraham his master, and sware to him concerning that matter. 10 And the servant took ten camels of the camels of his master, and departed; for all the goods of his master were in his hand: and he arose, and went to Mesopotamia, unto the city of Nahor. 11 And he made his camels to kneel down without the city by a well of water at the time of the evening, even the time that women go out to draw water. 12 And he said, O LORD God of my master Abraham, I pray thee, send me good speed this day, and shew kindness unto my master Abraham. 13 Behold, I stand here by the well of water; and the daughters of the men of the city come out to draw water: 14 And let it come to pass, that the damsel to whom I shall say, Let down thy pitcher, I pray thee, that I may drink; and she shall say, Drink, and I will give thy camels drink also: let the same be she that thou hast appointed for thy servant Isaac; and thereby shall I know that thou hast shewed kindness unto my master. 15 And it came to pass, before he had done speaking, that, behold, Rebekah came out, who was born to Bethuel, son of Milcah, the wife of Nahor, Abraham's brother, with her pitcher upon her shoulder. 16 And the damsel was very fair to look upon, a virgin, neither had any man known her: and she went down to the well, and filled her pitcher, and came up. 17 And the servant ran to meet her, and said, Let me, I pray thee, drink a little water of thy pitcher. 18 And she said, Drink, my lord: and she hasted, and let down her pitcher upon her hand, and gave him drink. 19 And when she had done giving him drink, she said, I will draw water for thy camels also, until they have done drinking. 20 And she hasted, and emptied her pitcher into the trough, and ran again unto the well to draw water, and drew for all his camels. 21 And the man wondering at her held his peace, to wit whether the LORD had made his journey prosperous or not. 22 And it came to pass, as the camels had done drinking, that the man took a golden earring of half a shekel weight, and two bracelets for her hands of ten shekels weight of gold; 23 And said, Whose daughter art thou? tell me, I pray thee: is there room in thy father's house for us to lodge in? 24 And she said unto him, I am the daughter of Bethuel the son of Milcah, which she bare unto Nahor. 25 She said moreover unto him, We have both straw and provender enough, and room to lodge in. 26 And the man bowed down his head, and worshipped the LORD. 27 And he said, Blessed be the LORD God of my master Abraham, who hath not left destitute my master of his mercy and his truth: I being in the way, the LORD led me to the house of my master's brethren. 28 And the damsel ran, and told them of her mother's house these things. 29 And Rebekah had a brother, and his name was Laban: and Laban ran out unto the man, unto the well. 30 And it came to pass, when he saw the earring and bracelets upon his sister's hands, and when he heard the words of Rebekah his sister, saying, Thus spake the man unto me; that he came unto the man; and, behold, he stood by the camels at the well. 31 And he said, Come in, thou blessed of the LORD; wherefore standest thou without? for I have prepared the house, and room for the camels. 32 And the man came into the house: and he ungirded his camels, and gave straw and provender for the camels, and water to wash his feet, and the men's feet that were with him. 33 And there was set meat before him to eat: but he said, I will not eat, until I have told mine errand. And he said, Speak on. 34 And he said, I am Abraham's servant. 35 And the LORD hath blessed my master greatly; and he is become great: and he hath given him flocks, and herds, and silver, and gold, and menservants, and maidservants, and camels, and asses. 36 And Sarah my master's wife bare a son to my master when she was old: and unto him hath he given all that he hath. 37 And my master made me swear, saying, Thou shalt not take a wife to my son of the daughters of the Canaanites, in whose land I dwell: 38 But thou shalt go unto my father's house, and to my kindred, and take a wife unto my son. 39 And I said unto my master, Peradventure the woman will not follow me. 40 And he said unto me, The LORD, before whom I walk, will send his angel with thee, and prosper thy way; and thou shalt take a wife for my son of my kindred, and of my father's house: 41 Then shalt thou be clear from this my oath, when thou comest to my kindred; and if they give not thee one, thou shalt be clear from my oath. 42 And I came this day unto the well, and said, O LORD God of my master Abraham, if now thou do prosper my way which I go: 43 Behold, I stand by the well of water; and it shall come to pass, that when the virgin cometh forth to draw water, and I say to her, Give me, I pray thee, a little water of thy pitcher to drink; 44 And she say to me, Both drink thou, and I will also draw for thy camels: let the same be the woman whom the LORD hath appointed out for my master's son. 45 And before I had done speaking in mine heart, behold, Rebekah came forth with her pitcher on her shoulder; and she went down unto the well, and drew water: and I said unto her, Let me drink, I pray thee. 46 And she made haste, and let down her pitcher from her shoulder, and said, Drink, and I will give thy camels drink also: so I drank, and she made the camels drink also. 47 And I asked her, and said, Whose daughter art thou? And she said, The daughter of Bethuel, Nahor's son, whom Milcah bare unto him: and I put the earring upon her face, and the bracelets upon her hands. 48 And I bowed down my head, and worshipped the LORD, and blessed the LORD God of my master Abraham, which had led me in the right way to take my master's brother's daughter unto his son. 49 And now if ye will deal kindly and truly with my master, tell me: and if not, tell me; that I may turn to the right hand, or to the left. 50 Then Laban and Bethuel answered and said, The thing proceedeth from the LORD: we cannot speak unto thee bad or good. 51 Behold, Rebekah is before thee, take her, and go, and let her be thy master's son's wife, as the LORD hath spoken. 52 And it came to pass, that, when Abraham's servant heard their words, he worshipped the LORD, bowing himself to the earth. 53 And the servant brought forth jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment, and gave them to Rebekah: he gave also to her brother and to her mother precious things. 54 And they did eat and drink, he and the men that were with him, and tarried all night; and they rose up in the morning, and he said, Send me away unto my master. 55 And her brother and her mother said, Let the damsel abide with us a few days, at the least ten; after that she shall go. 56 And he said unto them, Hinder me not, seeing the LORD hath prospered my way; send me away that I may go to my master. 57 And they said, We will call the damsel, and enquire at her mouth. 58 And they called Rebekah, and said unto her, Wilt thou go with this man? And she said, I will go. 59 And they sent away Rebekah their sister, and her nurse, and Abraham's servant, and his men. 60 And they blessed Rebekah, and said unto her, Thou art our sister, be thou the mother of thousands of millions, and let thy seed possess the gate of those which hate them. 61 And Rebekah arose, and her damsels, and they rode upon the camels, and followed the man: and the servant took Rebekah, and went his way. 62 And Isaac came from the way of the well Lahairoi; for he dwelt in the south country. 63 And Isaac went out to meditate in the field at the eventide: and he lifted up his eyes, and saw, and, behold, the camels were coming. 64 And Rebekah lifted up her eyes, and when she saw Isaac, she lighted off the camel. 65 For she had said unto the servant, What man is this that walketh in the field to meet us? And the servant had said, It is my master: therefore she took a vail, and covered herself. 66 And the servant told Isaac all things that he had done. 67 And Isaac brought her into his mother Sarah's tent, and took Rebekah, and she became his wife; and he loved her: and Isaac was comforted after his mother's death. ==Chapter 25== 1 Then again Abraham took a wife, and her name was Keturah. 2 And she bare him Zimran, and Jokshan, and Medan, and Midian, and Ishbak, and Shuah. 3 And Jokshan begat [[Space:Sheba|Sheba]], and [[Space:Dedan|Dedan]]. And the sons of [[Space:Dedan|Dedan]] were Asshurim, and Letushim, and Leummim. 4 And the sons of Midian; Ephah, and Epher, and Hanoch, and Abida, and Eldaah. All these were the children of Keturah. 5 And Abraham gave all that he had unto Isaac. 6 But unto the sons of the concubines, which Abraham had, Abraham gave gifts, and sent them away from Isaac his son, while he yet lived, eastward, unto the east country. 7 And these are the days of the years of Abraham's life which he lived, an hundred threescore and fifteen years. 8 Then Abraham gave up the ghost, and died in a good old age, an old man, and full of years; and was gathered to his people. 9 And his sons Isaac and Ishmael buried him in the cave of Machpelah, in the field of Ephron the son of Zohar the Hittite, which is before Mamre; 10 The field which Abraham purchased of the sons of Heth: there was Abraham buried, and Sarah his wife. 11 And it came to pass after the death of Abraham, that God blessed his son Isaac; and Isaac dwelt by the well Lahairoi. 12 Now these are the generations of Ishmael, Abraham's son, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah's handmaid, bare unto Abraham: 13 And these are the names of the sons of Ishmael, by their names, according to their generations: the firstborn of Ishmael, Nebajoth; and Kedar, and Adbeel, and Mibsam, 14 And Mishma, and Dumah, and Massa, 15 Hadar, and Tema, Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah: 16 These are the sons of Ishmael, and these are their names, by their towns, and by their castles; twelve princes according to their nations. 17 And these are the years of the life of Ishmael, an hundred and thirty and seven years: and he gave up the ghost and died; and was gathered unto his people. 18 And they dwelt from [[Space:Havilah|Havilah]] unto Shur, that is before Egypt, as thou goest toward Assyria: and he died in the presence of all his brethren. 19 And these are the generations of Isaac, Abraham's son: Abraham begat Isaac: 20 And Isaac was forty years old when he took Rebekah to wife, the daughter of Bethuel the Syrian of Padanaram, the sister to Laban the Syrian. 21 And Isaac intreated the LORD for his wife, because she was barren: and the LORD was intreated of him, and Rebekah his wife conceived. 22 And the children struggled together within her; and she said, If it be so, why am I thus? And she went to enquire of the LORD. 23 And the LORD said unto her, Two nations are in thy womb, and two manner of people shall be separated from thy bowels; and the one people shall be stronger than the other people; and the elder shall serve the younger. 24 And when her days to be delivered were fulfilled, behold, there were twins in her womb. 25 And the first came out red, all over like an hairy garment; and they called his name Esau. 26 And after that came his brother out, and his hand took hold on Esau's heel; and his name was called Jacob: and Isaac was threescore years old when she bare them. 27 And the boys grew: and Esau was a cunning hunter, a man of the field; and Jacob was a plain man, dwelling in tents. 28 And Isaac loved Esau, because he did eat of his venison: but Rebekah loved Jacob. 29 And Jacob sod pottage: and Esau came from the field, and he was faint: 30 And Esau said to Jacob, Feed me, I pray thee, with that same red pottage; for I am faint: therefore was his name called Edom. 31 And Jacob said, Sell me this day thy birthright. 32 And Esau said, Behold, I am at the point to die: and what profit shall this birthright do to me? 33 And Jacob said, Swear to me this day; and he sware unto him: and he sold his birthright unto Jacob. 34 Then Jacob gave Esau bread and pottage of lentiles; and he did eat and drink, and rose up, and went his way: thus Esau despised his birthright. ==Chapter 26== 1 And there was a famine in the land, beside the first famine that was in the days of Abraham. And Isaac went unto Abimelech king of the Philistines unto Gerar. 2 And the LORD appeared unto him, and said, Go not down into Egypt; dwell in the land which I shall tell thee of: 3 Sojourn in this land, and I will be with thee, and will bless thee; for unto thee, and unto thy seed, I will give all these countries, and I will perform the oath which I sware unto Abraham thy father; 4 And I will make thy seed to multiply as the stars of heaven, and will give unto thy seed all these countries; and in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed; 5 Because that Abraham obeyed my voice, and kept my charge, my commandments, my statutes, and my laws. 6 And Isaac dwelt in Gerar: 7 And the men of the place asked him of his wife; and he said, She is my sister: for he feared to say, She is my wife; lest, said he, the men of the place should kill me for Rebekah; because she was fair to look upon. 8 And it came to pass, when he had been there a long time, that Abimelech king of the Philistines looked out at a window, and saw, and, behold, Isaac was sporting with Rebekah his wife. 9 And Abimelech called Isaac, and said, Behold, of a surety she is thy wife: and how saidst thou, She is my sister? And Isaac said unto him, Because I said, Lest I die for her. 10 And Abimelech said, What is this thou hast done unto us? one of the people might lightly have lien with thy wife, and thou shouldest have brought guiltiness upon us. 11 And Abimelech charged all his people, saying, He that toucheth this man or his wife shall surely be put to death. 12 Then Isaac sowed in that land, and received in the same year an hundredfold: and the LORD blessed him. 13 And the man waxed great, and went forward, and grew until he became very great: 14 For he had possession of flocks, and possession of herds, and great store of servants: and the Philistines envied him. 15 For all the wells which his father's servants had digged in the days of Abraham his father, the Philistines had stopped them, and filled them with earth. 16 And Abimelech said unto Isaac, Go from us; for thou art much mightier than we. 17 And Isaac departed thence, and pitched his tent in the valley of Gerar, and dwelt there. 18 And Isaac digged again the wells of water, which they had digged in the days of Abraham his father; for the Philistines had stopped them after the death of Abraham: and he called their names after the names by which his father had called them. 19 And Isaac's servants digged in the valley, and found there a well of springing water. 20 And the herdmen of Gerar did strive with Isaac's herdmen, saying, The water is ours: and he called the name of the well Esek; because they strove with him. 21 And they digged another well, and strove for that also: and he called the name of it Sitnah. 22 And he removed from thence, and digged another well; and for that they strove not: and he called the name of it Rehoboth; and he said, For now the LORD hath made room for us, and we shall be fruitful in the land. 23 And he went up from thence to Beer[[Space:Sheba|Sheba]]. 24 And the LORD appeared unto him the same night, and said, I am the God of Abraham thy father: fear not, for I am with thee, and will bless thee, and multiply thy seed for my servant Abraham's sake. 25 And he builded an altar there, and called upon the name of the LORD, and pitched his tent there: and there Isaac's servants digged a well. 26 Then Abimelech went to him from Gerar, and Ahuzzath one of his friends, and Phichol the chief captain of his army. 27 And Isaac said unto them, Wherefore come ye to me, seeing ye hate me, and have sent me away from you? 28 And they said, We saw certainly that the LORD was with thee: and we said, Let there be now an oath betwixt us, even betwixt us and thee, and let us make a covenant with thee; 29 That thou wilt do us no hurt, as we have not touched thee, and as we have done unto thee nothing but good, and have sent thee away in peace: thou art now the blessed of the LORD. 30 And he made them a feast, and they did eat and drink. 31 And they rose up betimes in the morning, and sware one to another: and Isaac sent them away, and they departed from him in peace. 32 And it came to pass the same day, that Isaac's servants came, and told him concerning the well which they had digged, and said unto him, We have found water. 33 And he called it [[Space:Sheba|Sheba]]h: therefore the name of the city is Beer[[Space:Sheba|Sheba]] unto this day. 34 And Esau was forty years old when he took to wife Judith the daughter of Beeri the Hittite, and Bashemath the daughter of Elon the Hittite: 35 Which were a grief of mind unto Isaac and to Rebekah. ==Chapter 27== 1 And it came to pass, that when Isaac was old, and his eyes were dim, so that he could not see, he called Esau his eldest son, and said unto him, My son: and he said unto him, Behold, here am I. 2 And he said, Behold now, I am old, I know not the day of my death: 3 Now therefore take, I pray thee, thy weapons, thy quiver and thy bow, and go out to the field, and take me some venison; 4 And make me savoury meat, such as I love, and bring it to me, that I may eat; that my soul may bless thee before I die. 5 And Rebekah heard when Isaac spake to Esau his son. And Esau went to the field to hunt for venison, and to bring it. 6 And Rebekah spake unto Jacob her son, saying, Behold, I heard thy father speak unto Esau thy brother, saying, 7 Bring me venison, and make me savoury meat, that I may eat, and bless thee before the LORD before my death. 8 Now therefore, my son, obey my voice according to that which I command thee. 9 Go now to the flock, and fetch me from thence two good kids of the goats; and I will make them savoury meat for thy father, such as he loveth: 10 And thou shalt bring it to thy father, that he may eat, and that he may bless thee before his death. 11 And Jacob said to Rebekah his mother, Behold, Esau my brother is a hairy man, and I am a smooth man: 12 My father peradventure will feel me, and I shall seem to him as a deceiver; and I shall bring a curse upon me, and not a blessing. 13 And his mother said unto him, Upon me be thy curse, my son: only obey my voice, and go fetch me them. 14 And he went, and fetched, and brought them to his mother: and his mother made savoury meat, such as his father loved. 15 And Rebekah took goodly raiment of her eldest son Esau, which were with her in the house, and put them upon Jacob her younger son: 16 And she put the skins of the kids of the goats upon his hands, and upon the smooth of his neck: 17 And she gave the savoury meat and the bread, which she had prepared, into the hand of her son Jacob. 18 And he came unto his father, and said, My father: and he said, Here am I; who art thou, my son? 19 And Jacob said unto his father, I am Esau thy firstborn; I have done according as thou badest me: arise, I pray thee, sit and eat of my venison, that thy soul may bless me. 20 And Isaac said unto his son, How is it that thou hast found it so quickly, my son? And he said, Because the LORD thy God brought it to me. 21 And Isaac said unto Jacob, Come near, I pray thee, that I may feel thee, my son, whether thou be my very son Esau or not. 22 And Jacob went near unto Isaac his father; and he felt him, and said, The voice is Jacob's voice, but the hands are the hands of Esau. 23 And he discerned him not, because his hands were hairy, as his brother Esau's hands: so he blessed him. 24 And he said, Art thou my very son Esau? And he said, I am. 25 And he said, Bring it near to me, and I will eat of my son's venison, that my soul may bless thee. And he brought it near to him, and he did eat: and he brought him wine, and he drank. 26 And his father Isaac said unto him, Come near now, and kiss me, my son. 27 And he came near, and kissed him: and he smelled the smell of his raiment, and blessed him, and said, See, the smell of my son is as the smell of a field which the LORD hath blessed: 28 Therefore God give thee of the dew of heaven, and the fatness of the earth, and plenty of corn and wine: 29 Let people serve thee, and nations bow down to thee: be lord over thy brethren, and let thy mother's sons bow down to thee: cursed be every one that curseth thee, and blessed be he that blesseth thee. 30 And it came to pass, as soon as Isaac had made an end of blessing Jacob, and Jacob was yet scarce gone out from the presence of Isaac his father, that Esau his brother came in from his hunting. 31 And he also had made savoury meat, and brought it unto his father, and said unto his father, Let my father arise, and eat of his son's venison, that thy soul may bless me. 32 And Isaac his father said unto him, Who art thou? And he said, I am thy son, thy firstborn Esau. 33 And Isaac trembled very exceedingly, and said, Who? where is he that hath taken venison, and brought it me, and I have eaten of all before thou camest, and have blessed him? yea, and he shall be blessed. 34 And when Esau heard the words of his father, he cried with a great and exceeding bitter cry, and said unto his father, Bless me, even me also, O my father. 35 And he said, Thy brother came with subtilty, and hath taken away thy blessing. 36 And he said, Is not he rightly named Jacob? for he hath supplanted me these two times: he took away my birthright; and, behold, now he hath taken away my blessing. And he said, Hast thou not reserved a blessing for me? 37 And Isaac answered and said unto Esau, Behold, I have made him thy lord, and all his brethren have I given to him for servants; and with corn and wine have I sustained him: and what shall I do now unto thee, my son? 38 And Esau said unto his father, Hast thou but one blessing, my father? bless me, even me also, O my father. And Esau lifted up his voice, and wept. 39 And Isaac his father answered and said unto him, Behold, thy dwelling shall be the fatness of the earth, and of the dew of heaven from above; 40 And by thy sword shalt thou live, and shalt serve thy brother; and it shall come to pass when thou shalt have the dominion, that thou shalt break his yoke from off thy neck. 41 And Esau hated Jacob because of the blessing wherewith his father blessed him: and Esau said in his heart, The days of mourning for my father are at hand; then will I slay my brother Jacob. 42 And these words of Esau her elder son were told to Rebekah: and she sent and called Jacob her younger son, and said unto him, Behold, thy brother Esau, as touching thee, doth comfort himself, purposing to kill thee. 43 Now therefore, my son, obey my voice; and arise, flee thou to Laban my brother to Haran; 44 And tarry with him a few days, until thy brother's fury turn away; 45 Until thy brother's anger turn away from thee, and he forget that which thou hast done to him: then I will send, and fetch thee from thence: why should I be deprived also of you both in one day? 46 And Rebekah said to Isaac, I am weary of my life because of the daughters of Heth: if Jacob take a wife of the daughters of Heth, such as these which are of the daughters of the land, what good shall my life do me? ==Chapter 28== 1 And Isaac called Jacob, and blessed him, and charged him, and said unto him, Thou shalt not take a wife of the daughters of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]]. 2 Arise, go to Padanaram, to the house of Bethuel thy mother's father; and take thee a wife from thence of the daughters of Laban thy mother's brother. 3 And God Almighty bless thee, and make thee fruitful, and multiply thee, that thou mayest be a multitude of people; 4 And give thee the blessing of Abraham, to thee, and to thy seed with thee; that thou mayest inherit the land wherein thou art a stranger, which God gave unto Abraham. 5 And Isaac sent away Jacob: and he went to Padanaram unto Laban, son of Bethuel the Syrian, the brother of Rebekah, Jacob's and Esau's mother. 6 When Esau saw that Isaac had blessed Jacob, and sent him away to Padanaram, to take him a wife from thence; and that as he blessed him he gave him a charge, saying, Thou shalt not take a wife of the daughters of Canaan; 7 And that Jacob obeyed his father and his mother, and was gone to Padanaram; 8 And Esau seeing that the daughters of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]] pleased not Isaac his father; 9 Then went Esau unto Ishmael, and took unto the wives which he had Mahalath the daughter of Ishmael Abraham's son, the sister of Nebajoth, to be his wife. 10 And Jacob went out from Beer[[Space:Sheba|Sheba]], and went toward Haran. 11 And he lighted upon a certain place, and tarried there all night, because the sun was set; and he took of the stones of that place, and put them for his pillows, and lay down in that place to sleep. 12 And he dreamed, and behold a ladder set up on the earth, and the top of it reached to heaven: and behold the angels of God ascending and descending on it. 13 And, behold, the LORD stood above it, and said, I am the LORD God of Abraham thy father, and the God of Isaac: the land whereon thou liest, to thee will I give it, and to thy seed; 14 And thy seed shall be as the dust of the earth, and thou shalt spread abroad to the west, and to the east, and to the north, and to the south: and in thee and in thy seed shall all the families of the earth be blessed. 15 And, behold, I am with thee, and will keep thee in all places whither thou goest, and will bring thee again into this land; for I will not leave thee, until I have done that which I have spoken to thee of. 16 And Jacob awaked out of his sleep, and he said, Surely the LORD is in this place; and I knew it not. 17 And he was afraid, and said, How dreadful is this place! this is none other but the house of God, and this is the gate of heaven. 18 And Jacob rose up early in the morning, and took the stone that he had put for his pillows, and set it up for a pillar, and poured oil upon the top of it. 19 And he called the name of that place Bethel: but the name of that city was called Luz at the first. 20 And Jacob vowed a vow, saying, If God will be with me, and will keep me in this way that I go, and will give me bread to eat, and raiment to put on, 21 So that I come again to my father's house in peace; then shall the LORD be my God: 22 And this stone, which I have set for a pillar, shall be God's house: and of all that thou shalt give me I will surely give the tenth unto thee. ==Chapter 29== 1 Then Jacob went on his journey, and came into the land of the people of the east. 2 And he looked, and behold a well in the field, and, lo, there were three flocks of sheep lying by it; for out of that well they watered the flocks: and a great stone was upon the well's mouth. 3 And thither were all the flocks gathered: and they rolled the stone from the well's mouth, and watered the sheep, and put the stone again upon the well's mouth in his place. 4 And Jacob said unto them, My brethren, whence be ye? And they said, Of Haran are we. 5 And he said unto them, Know ye Laban the son of Nahor? And they said, We know him. 6 And he said unto them, Is he well? And they said, He is well: and, behold, Rachel his daughter cometh with the sheep. 7 And he said, Lo, it is yet high day, neither is it time that the cattle should be gathered together: water ye the sheep, and go and feed them. 8 And they said, We cannot, until all the flocks be gathered together, and till they roll the stone from the well's mouth; then we water the sheep. 9 And while he yet spake with them, Rachel came with her father's sheep: for she kept them. 10 And it came to pass, when Jacob saw Rachel the daughter of Laban his mother's brother, and the sheep of Laban his mother's brother, that Jacob went near, and rolled the stone from the well's mouth, and watered the flock of Laban his mother's brother. 11 And Jacob kissed Rachel, and lifted up his voice, and wept. 12 And Jacob told Rachel that he was her father's brother, and that he was Rebekah's son: and she ran and told her father. 13 And it came to pass, when Laban heard the tidings of Jacob his sister's son, that he ran to meet him, and embraced him, and kissed him, and brought him to his house. And he told Laban all these things. 14 And Laban said to him, Surely thou art my bone and my flesh. And he abode with him the space of a month. 15 And Laban said unto Jacob, Because thou art my brother, shouldest thou therefore serve me for nought? tell me, what shall thy wages be? 16 And Laban had two daughters: the name of the elder was Leah, and the name of the younger was Rachel. 17 Leah was tender eyed; but Rachel was beautiful and well favoured. 18 And Jacob loved Rachel; and said, I will serve thee seven years for Rachel thy younger daughter. 19 And Laban said, It is better that I give her to thee, than that I should give her to another man: abide with me. 20 And Jacob served seven years for Rachel; and they seemed unto him but a few days, for the love he had to her. 21 And Jacob said unto Laban, Give me my wife, for my days are fulfilled, that I may go in unto her. 22 And Laban gathered together all the men of the place, and made a feast. 23 And it came to pass in the evening, that he took Leah his daughter, and brought her to him; and he went in unto her. 24 And Laban gave unto his daughter Leah Zilpah his maid for an handmaid. 25 And it came to pass, that in the morning, behold, it was Leah: and he said to Laban, What is this thou hast done unto me? did not I serve with thee for Rachel? wherefore then hast thou beguiled me? 26 And Laban said, It must not be so done in our country, to give the younger before the firstborn. 27 Fulfil her week, and we will give thee this also for the service which thou shalt serve with me yet seven other years. 28 And Jacob did so, and fulfilled her week: and he gave him Rachel his daughter to wife also. 29 And Laban gave to Rachel his daughter Bilhah his handmaid to be her maid. 30 And he went in also unto Rachel, and he loved also Rachel more than Leah, and served with him yet seven other years. 31 And when the LORD saw that Leah was hated, he opened her womb: but Rachel was barren. 32 And Leah conceived, and bare a son, and she called his name Reuben: for she said, Surely the LORD hath looked upon my affliction; now therefore my husband will love me. 33 And she conceived again, and bare a son; and said, Because the LORD hath heard that I was hated, he hath therefore given me this son also: and she called his name Simeon. 34 And she conceived again, and bare a son; and said, Now this time will my husband be joined unto me, because I have born him three sons: therefore was his name called Levi. 35 And she conceived again, and bare a son: and she said, Now will I praise the LORD: therefore she called his name Judah; and left bearing. ==Chapter 30== 1 And when Rachel saw that she bare Jacob no children, Rachel envied her sister; and said unto Jacob, Give me children, or else I die. 2 And Jacob's anger was kindled against Rachel: and he said, Am I in God's stead, who hath withheld from thee the fruit of the womb? 3 And she said, Behold my maid Bilhah, go in unto her; and she shall bear upon my knees, that I may also have children by her. 4 And she gave him Bilhah her handmaid to wife: and Jacob went in unto her. 5 And Bilhah conceived, and bare Jacob a son. 6 And Rachel said, God hath judged me, and hath also heard my voice, and hath given me a son: therefore called she his name Dan. 7 And Bilhah Rachel's maid conceived again, and bare Jacob a second son. 8 And Rachel said, With great wrestlings have I wrestled with my sister, and I have prevailed: and she called his name Naphtali. 9 When Leah saw that she had left bearing, she took Zilpah her maid, and gave her Jacob to wife. 10 And Zilpah Leah's maid bare Jacob a son. 11 And Leah said, A troop cometh: and she called his name Gad. 12 And Zilpah Leah's maid bare Jacob a second son. 13 And Leah said, Happy am I, for the daughters will call me blessed: and she called his name Asher. 14 And Reuben went in the days of wheat harvest, and found mandrakes in the field, and brought them unto his mother Leah. Then Rachel said to Leah, Give me, I pray thee, of thy son's mandrakes. 15 And she said unto her, Is it a small matter that thou hast taken my husband? and wouldest thou take away my son's mandrakes also? And Rachel said, Therefore he shall lie with thee to night for thy son's mandrakes. 16 And Jacob came out of the field in the evening, and Leah went out to meet him, and said, Thou must come in unto me; for surely I have hired thee with my son's mandrakes. And he lay with her that night. 17 And God hearkened unto Leah, and she conceived, and bare Jacob the fifth son. 18 And Leah said, God hath given me my hire, because I have given my maiden to my husband: and she called his name Issachar. 19 And Leah conceived again, and bare Jacob the sixth son. 20 And Leah said, God hath endued me with a good dowry; now will my husband dwell with me, because I have born him six sons: and she called his name Zebulun. 21 And afterwards she bare a daughter, and called her name Dinah. 22 And God remembered Rachel, and God hearkened to her, and opened her womb. 23 And she conceived, and bare a son; and said, God hath taken away my reproach: 24 And she called his name Joseph; and said, The LORD shall add to me another son. 25 And it came to pass, when Rachel had born Joseph, that Jacob said unto Laban, Send me away, that I may go unto mine own place, and to my country. 26 Give me my wives and my children, for whom I have served thee, and let me go: for thou knowest my service which I have done thee. 27 And Laban said unto him, I pray thee, if I have found favour in thine eyes, tarry: for I have learned by experience that the LORD hath blessed me for thy sake. 28 And he said, Appoint me thy wages, and I will give it. 29 And he said unto him, Thou knowest how I have served thee, and how thy cattle was with me. 30 For it was little which thou hadst before I came, and it is now increased unto a multitude; and the LORD hath blessed thee since my coming: and now when shall I provide for mine own house also? 31 And he said, What shall I give thee? And Jacob said, Thou shalt not give me any thing: if thou wilt do this thing for me, I will again feed and keep thy flock: 32 I will pass through all thy flock to day, removing from thence all the speckled and spotted cattle, and all the brown cattle among the sheep, and the spotted and speckled among the goats: and of such shall be my hire. 33 So shall my righteousness answer for me in time to come, when it shall come for my hire before thy face: every one that is not speckled and spotted among the goats, and brown among the sheep, that shall be counted stolen with me. 34 And Laban said, Behold, I would it might be according to thy word. 35 And he removed that day the he goats that were ringstraked and spotted, and all the she goats that were speckled and spotted, and every one that had some white in it, and all the brown among the sheep, and gave them into the hand of his sons. 36 And he set three days' journey betwixt himself and Jacob: and Jacob fed the rest of Laban's flocks. 37 And Jacob took him rods of green poplar, and of the hazel and chesnut tree; and pilled white strakes in them, and made the white appear which was in the rods. 38 And he set the rods which he had pilled before the flocks in the gutters in the watering troughs when the flocks came to drink, that they should conceive when they came to drink. 39 And the flocks conceived before the rods, and brought forth cattle ringstraked, speckled, and spotted. 40 And Jacob did separate the lambs, and set the faces of the flocks toward the ringstraked, and all the brown in the flock of Laban; and he put his own flocks by themselves, and put them not unto Laban's cattle. 41 And it came to pass, whensoever the stronger cattle did conceive, that Jacob laid the rods before the eyes of the cattle in the gutters, that they might conceive among the rods. 42 But when the cattle were feeble, he put them not in: so the feebler were Laban's, and the stronger Jacob's. 43 And the man increased exceedingly, and had much cattle, and maidservants, and menservants, and camels, and asses. ==Chapter 31== 1 And he heard the words of Laban's sons, saying, Jacob hath taken away all that was our father's; and of that which was our father's hath he gotten all this glory. 2 And Jacob beheld the countenance of Laban, and, behold, it was not toward him as before. 3 And the LORD said unto Jacob, Return unto the land of thy fathers, and to thy kindred; and I will be with thee. 4 And Jacob sent and called Rachel and Leah to the field unto his flock, 5 And said unto them, I see your father's countenance, that it is not toward me as before; but the God of my father hath been with me. 6 And ye know that with all my power I have served your father. 7 And your father hath deceived me, and changed my wages ten times; but God suffered him not to hurt me. 8 If he said thus, The speckled shall be thy wages; then all the cattle bare speckled: and if he said thus, The ringstraked shall be thy hire; then bare all the cattle ringstraked. 9 Thus God hath taken away the cattle of your father, and given them to me. 10 And it came to pass at the time that the cattle conceived, that I lifted up mine eyes, and saw in a dream, and, behold, the rams which leaped upon the cattle were ringstraked, speckled, and grisled. 11 And the angel of God spake unto me in a dream, saying, Jacob: And I said, Here am I. 12 And he said, Lift up now thine eyes, and see, all the rams which leap upon the cattle are ringstraked, speckled, and grisled: for I have seen all that Laban doeth unto thee. 13 I am the God of Bethel, where thou anointedst the pillar, and where thou vowedst a vow unto me: now arise, get thee out from this land, and return unto the land of thy kindred. 14 And Rachel and Leah answered and said unto him, Is there yet any portion or inheritance for us in our father's house? 15 Are we not counted of him strangers? for he hath sold us, and hath quite devoured also our money. 16 For all the riches which God hath taken from our father, that is ours, and our children's: now then, whatsoever God hath said unto thee, do. 17 Then Jacob rose up, and set his sons and his wives upon camels; 18 And he carried away all his cattle, and all his goods which he had gotten, the cattle of his getting, which he had gotten in Padanaram, for to go to Isaac his father in the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]]. 19 And Laban went to shear his sheep: and Rachel had stolen the images that were her father's. 20 And Jacob stole away unawares to Laban the Syrian, in that he told him not that he fled. 21 So he fled with all that he had; and he rose up, and passed over the river, and set his face toward the mount Gilead. 22 And it was told Laban on the third day that Jacob was fled. 23 And he took his brethren with him, and pursued after him seven days' journey; and they overtook him in the mount Gilead. 24 And God came to Laban the Syrian in a dream by night, and said unto him, Take heed that thou speak not to Jacob either good or bad. 25 Then Laban overtook Jacob. Now Jacob had pitched his tent in the mount: and Laban with his brethren pitched in the mount of Gilead. 26 And Laban said to Jacob, What hast thou done, that thou hast stolen away unawares to me, and carried away my daughters, as captives taken with the sword? 27 Wherefore didst thou flee away secretly, and steal away from me; and didst not tell me, that I might have sent thee away with mirth, and with songs, with tabret, and with harp? 28 And hast not suffered me to kiss my sons and my daughters? thou hast now done foolishly in so doing. 29 It is in the power of my hand to do you hurt: but the God of your father spake unto me yesternight, saying, Take thou heed that thou speak not to Jacob either good or bad. 30 And now, though thou wouldest needs be gone, because thou sore longedst after thy father's house, yet wherefore hast thou stolen my gods? 31 And Jacob answered and said to Laban, Because I was afraid: for I said, Peradventure thou wouldest take by force thy daughters from me. 32 With whomsoever thou findest thy gods, let him not live: before our brethren discern thou what is thine with me, and take it to thee. For Jacob knew not that Rachel had stolen them. 33 And Laban went into Jacob's tent, and into Leah's tent, and into the two maidservants' tents; but he found them not. Then went he out of Leah's tent, and entered into Rachel's tent. 34 Now Rachel had taken the images, and put them in the camel's furniture, and sat upon them. And Laban searched all the tent, but found them not. 35 And she said to her father, Let it not displease my lord that I cannot rise up before thee; for the custom of women is upon me. And he searched, but found not the images. 36 And Jacob was wroth, and chode with Laban: and Jacob answered and said to Laban, What is my trespass? what is my sin, that thou hast so hotly pursued after me? 37 Whereas thou hast searched all my stuff, what hast thou found of all thy household stuff? set it here before my brethren and thy brethren, that they may judge betwixt us both. 38 This twenty years have I been with thee; thy ewes and thy she goats have not cast their young, and the rams of thy flock have I not eaten. 39 That which was torn of beasts I brought not unto thee; I bare the loss of it; of my hand didst thou require it, whether stolen by day, or stolen by night. 40 Thus I was; in the day the drought consumed me, and the frost by night; and my sleep departed from mine eyes. 41 Thus have I been twenty years in thy house; I served thee fourteen years for thy two daughters, and six years for thy cattle: and thou hast changed my wages ten times. 42 Except the God of my father, the God of Abraham, and the fear of Isaac, had been with me, surely thou hadst sent me away now empty. God hath seen mine affliction and the labour of my hands, and rebuked thee yesternight. 43 And Laban answered and said unto Jacob, These daughters are my daughters, and these children are my children, and these cattle are my cattle, and all that thou seest is mine: and what can I do this day unto these my daughters, or unto their children which they have born? 44 Now therefore come thou, let us make a covenant, I and thou; and let it be for a witness between me and thee. 45 And Jacob took a stone, and set it up for a pillar. 46 And Jacob said unto his brethren, Gather stones; and they took stones, and made an heap: and they did eat there upon the heap. 47 And Laban called it Jegarsahadutha: but Jacob called it Galeed. 48 And Laban said, This heap is a witness between me and thee this day. Therefore was the name of it called Galeed; 49 And Mizpah; for he said, The LORD watch between me and thee, when we are absent one from another. 50 If thou shalt afflict my daughters, or if thou shalt take other wives beside my daughters, no man is with us; see, God is witness betwixt me and thee. 51 And Laban said to Jacob, Behold this heap, and behold this pillar, which I have cast betwixt me and thee; 52 This heap be witness, and this pillar be witness, that I will not pass over this heap to thee, and that thou shalt not pass over this heap and this pillar unto me, for harm. 53 The God of Abraham, and the God of Nahor, the God of their father, judge betwixt us. And Jacob sware by the fear of his father Isaac. 54 Then Jacob offered sacrifice upon the mount, and called his brethren to eat bread: and they did eat bread, and tarried all night in the mount. 55 And early in the morning Laban rose up, and kissed his sons and his daughters, and blessed them: and Laban departed, and returned unto his place. ==Chapter 32== 1 And Jacob went on his way, and the angels of God met him. 2 And when Jacob saw them, he said, This is God's host: and he called the name of that place Mahanaim. 3 And Jacob sent messengers before him to Esau his brother unto the land of Seir, the country of Edom. 4 And he commanded them, saying, Thus shall ye speak unto my lord Esau; Thy servant Jacob saith thus, I have sojourned with Laban, and stayed there until now: 5 And I have oxen, and asses, flocks, and menservants, and womenservants: and I have sent to tell my lord, that I may find grace in thy sight. 6 And the messengers returned to Jacob, saying, We came to thy brother Esau, and also he cometh to meet thee, and four hundred men with him. 7 Then Jacob was greatly afraid and distressed: and he divided the people that was with him, and the flocks, and herds, and the camels, into two bands; 8 And said, If Esau come to the one company, and smite it, then the other company which is left shall escape. 9 And Jacob said, O God of my father Abraham, and God of my father Isaac, the LORD which saidst unto me, Return unto thy country, and to thy kindred, and I will deal well with thee: 10 I am not worthy of the least of all the mercies, and of all the truth, which thou hast shewed unto thy servant; for with my staff I passed over this Jordan; and now I am become two bands. 11 Deliver me, I pray thee, from the hand of my brother, from the hand of Esau: for I fear him, lest he will come and smite me, and the mother with the children. 12 And thou saidst, I will surely do thee good, and make thy seed as the sand of the sea, which cannot be numbered for multitude. 13 And he lodged there that same night; and took of that which came to his hand a present for Esau his brother; 14 Two hundred she goats, and twenty he goats, two hundred ewes, and twenty rams, 15 Thirty milch camels with their colts, forty kine, and ten bulls, twenty she asses, and ten foals. 16 And he delivered them into the hand of his servants, every drove by themselves; and said unto his servants, Pass over before me, and put a space betwixt drove and drove. 17 And he commanded the foremost, saying, When Esau my brother meeteth thee, and asketh thee, saying, Whose art thou? and whither goest thou? and whose are these before thee? 18 Then thou shalt say, They be thy servant Jacob's; it is a present sent unto my lord Esau: and, behold, also he is behind us. 19 And so commanded he the second, and the third, and all that followed the droves, saying, On this manner shall ye speak unto Esau, when ye find him. 20 And say ye moreover, Behold, thy servant Jacob is behind us. For he said, I will appease him with the present that goeth before me, and afterward I will see his face; peradventure he will accept of me. 21 So went the present over before him: and himself lodged that night in the company. 22 And he rose up that night, and took his two wives, and his two womenservants, and his eleven sons, and passed over the ford Jabbok. 23 And he took them, and sent them over the brook, and sent over that he had. 24 And Jacob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day. 25 And when he saw that he prevailed not against him, he touched the hollow of his thigh; and the hollow of Jacob's thigh was out of joint, as he wrestled with him. 26 And he said, Let me go, for the day breaketh. And he said, I will not let thee go, except thou bless me. 27 And he said unto him, What is thy name? And he said, Jacob. 28 And he said, Thy name shall be called no more Jacob, but Israel: for as a prince hast thou power with God and with men, and hast prevailed. 29 And Jacob asked him, and said, Tell me, I pray thee, thy name. And he said, Wherefore is it that thou dost ask after my name? And he blessed him there. 30 And Jacob called the name of the place Peniel: for I have seen God face to face, and my life is preserved. 31 And as he passed over Penuel the sun rose upon him, and he halted upon his thigh. 32 Therefore the children of Israel eat not of the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day: because he touched the hollow of Jacob's thigh in the sinew that shrank. ==Chapter 33== 1 And Jacob lifted up his eyes, and looked, and, behold, Esau came, and with him four hundred men. And he divided the children unto Leah, and unto Rachel, and unto the two handmaids. 2 And he put the handmaids and their children foremost, and Leah and her children after, and Rachel and Joseph hindermost. 3 And he passed over before them, and bowed himself to the ground seven times, until he came near to his brother. 4 And Esau ran to meet him, and embraced him, and fell on his neck, and kissed him: and they wept. 5 And he lifted up his eyes, and saw the women and the children; and said, Who are those with thee? And he said, The children which God hath graciously given thy servant. 6 Then the handmaidens came near, they and their children, and they bowed themselves. 7 And Leah also with her children came near, and bowed themselves: and after came Joseph near and Rachel, and they bowed themselves. 8 And he said, What meanest thou by all this drove which I met? And he said, These are to find grace in the sight of my lord. 9 And Esau said, I have enough, my brother; keep that thou hast unto thyself. 10 And Jacob said, Nay, I pray thee, if now I have found grace in thy sight, then receive my present at my hand: for therefore I have seen thy face, as though I had seen the face of God, and thou wast pleased with me. 11 Take, I pray thee, my blessing that is brought to thee; because God hath dealt graciously with me, and because I have enough. And he urged him, and he took it. 12 And he said, Let us take our journey, and let us go, and I will go before thee. 13 And he said unto him, My lord knoweth that the children are tender, and the flocks and herds with young are with me: and if men should overdrive them one day, all the flock will die. 14 Let my lord, I pray thee, pass over before his servant: and I will lead on softly, according as the cattle that goeth before me and the children be able to endure, until I come unto my lord unto Seir. 15 And Esau said, Let me now leave with thee some of the folk that are with me. And he said, What needeth it? let me find grace in the sight of my lord. 16 So Esau returned that day on his way unto Seir. 17 And Jacob journeyed to Succoth, and built him an house, and made booths for his cattle: therefore the name of the place is called Succoth. 18 And Jacob came to Shalem, a city of Shechem, which is in the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]], when he came from Padanaram; and pitched his tent before the city. 19 And he bought a parcel of a field, where he had spread his tent, at the hand of the children of Hamor, Shechem's father, for an hundred pieces of money. 20 And he erected there an altar, and called it Elelohe-Israel. ==Chapter 34== 1 And Dinah the daughter of Leah, which she bare unto Jacob, went out to see the daughters of the land. 2 And when Shechem the son of Hamor the Hivite, prince of the country, saw her, he took her, and lay with her, and defiled her. 3 And his soul clave unto Dinah the daughter of Jacob, and he loved the damsel, and spake kindly unto the damsel. 4 And Shechem spake unto his father Hamor, saying, Get me this damsel to wife. 5 And Jacob heard that he had defiled Dinah his daughter: now his sons were with his cattle in the field: and Jacob held his peace until they were come. 6 And Hamor the father of Shechem went out unto Jacob to commune with him. 7 And the sons of Jacob came out of the field when they heard it: and the men were grieved, and they were very wroth, because he had wrought folly in Israel in lying with Jacob's daughter; which thing ought not to be done. 8 And Hamor communed with them, saying, The soul of my son Shechem longeth for your daughter: I pray you give her him to wife. 9 And make ye marriages with us, and give your daughters unto us, and take our daughters unto you. 10 And ye shall dwell with us: and the land shall be before you; dwell and trade ye therein, and get you possessions therein. 11 And Shechem said unto her father and unto her brethren, Let me find grace in your eyes, and what ye shall say unto me I will give. 12 Ask me never so much dowry and gift, and I will give according as ye shall say unto me: but give me the damsel to wife. 13 And the sons of Jacob answered Shechem and Hamor his father deceitfully, and said, because he had defiled Dinah their sister: 14 And they said unto them, We cannot do this thing, to give our sister to one that is uncircumcised; for that were a reproach unto us: 15 But in this will we consent unto you: If ye will be as we be, that every male of you be circumcised; 16 Then will we give our daughters unto you, and we will take your daughters to us, and we will dwell with you, and we will become one people. 17 But if ye will not hearken unto us, to be circumcised; then will we take our daughter, and we will be gone. 18 And their words pleased Hamor, and Shechem Hamor's son. 19 And the young man deferred not to do the thing, because he had delight in Jacob's daughter: and he was more honourable than all the house of his father. 20 And Hamor and Shechem his son came unto the gate of their city, and communed with the men of their city, saying, 21 These men are peaceable with us; therefore let them dwell in the land, and trade therein; for the land, behold, it is large enough for them; let us take their daughters to us for wives, and let us give them our daughters. 22 Only herein will the men consent unto us for to dwell with us, to be one people, if every male among us be circumcised, as they are circumcised. 23 Shall not their cattle and their substance and every beast of theirs be ours? only let us consent unto them, and they will dwell with us. 24 And unto Hamor and unto Shechem his son hearkened all that went out of the gate of his city; and every male was circumcised, all that went out of the gate of his city. 25 And it came to pass on the third day, when they were sore, that two of the sons of Jacob, Simeon and Levi, Dinah's brethren, took each man his sword, and came upon the city boldly, and slew all the males. 26 And they slew Hamor and Shechem his son with the edge of the sword, and took Dinah out of Shechem's house, and went out. 27 The sons of Jacob came upon the slain, and spoiled the city, because they had defiled their sister. 28 They took their sheep, and their oxen, and their asses, and that which was in the city, and that which was in the field, 29 And all their wealth, and all their little ones, and their wives took they captive, and spoiled even all that was in the house. 30 And Jacob said to Simeon and Levi, Ye have troubled me to make me to stink among the inhabitants of the land, among the Canaanites and the Perizzites: and I being few in number, they shall gather themselves together against me, and slay me; and I shall be destroyed, I and my house. 31 And they said, Should he deal with our sister as with an harlot? ==Chapter 35== 1 And God said unto Jacob, Arise, go up to Bethel, and dwell there: and make there an altar unto God, that appeared unto thee when thou fleddest from the face of Esau thy brother. 2 Then Jacob said unto his household, and to all that were with him, Put away the strange gods that are among you, and be clean, and change your garments: 3 And let us arise, and go up to Bethel; and I will make there an altar unto God, who answered me in the day of my distress, and was with me in the way which I went. 4 And they gave unto Jacob all the strange gods which were in their hand, and all their earrings which were in their ears; and Jacob hid them under the oak which was by Shechem. 5 And they journeyed: and the terror of God was upon the cities that were round about them, and they did not pursue after the sons of Jacob. 6 So Jacob came to Luz, which is in the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]], that is, Bethel, he and all the people that were with him. 7 And he built there an altar, and called the place Elbethel: because there God appeared unto him, when he fled from the face of his brother. 8 But Deborah Rebekah's nurse died, and she was buried beneath Bethel under an oak: and the name of it was called Allonbachuth. 9 And God appeared unto Jacob again, when he came out of Padanaram, and blessed him. 10 And God said unto him, Thy name is Jacob: thy name shall not be called any more Jacob, but Israel shall be thy name: and he called his name Israel. 11 And God said unto him, I am God Almighty: be fruitful and multiply; a nation and a company of nations shall be of thee, and kings shall come out of thy loins; 12 And the land which I gave Abraham and Isaac, to thee I will give it, and to thy seed after thee will I give the land. 13 And God went up from him in the place where he talked with him. 14 And Jacob set up a pillar in the place where he talked with him, even a pillar of stone: and he poured a drink offering thereon, and he poured oil thereon. 15 And Jacob called the name of the place where God spake with him, Bethel. 16 And they journeyed from Bethel; and there was but a little way to come to Ephrath: and Rachel travailed, and she had hard labour. 17 And it came to pass, when she was in hard labour, that the midwife said unto her, Fear not; thou shalt have this son also. 18 And it came to pass, as her soul was in departing, (for she died) that she called his name Benoni: but his father called him Benjamin. 19 And Rachel died, and was buried in the way to Ephrath, which is Bethlehem. 20 And Jacob set a pillar upon her grave: that is the pillar of Rachel's grave unto this day. 21 And Israel journeyed, and spread his tent beyond the tower of Edar. 22 And it came to pass, when Israel dwelt in that land, that Reuben went and lay with Bilhah his father's concubine: and Israel heard it. Now the sons of Jacob were twelve: 23 The sons of Leah; Reuben, Jacob's firstborn, and Simeon, and Levi, and Judah, and Issachar, and Zebulun: 24 The sons of Rachel; Joseph, and Benjamin: 25 And the sons of Bilhah, Rachel's handmaid; Dan, and Naphtali: 26 And the sons of Zilpah, Leah's handmaid; Gad, and Asher: these are the sons of Jacob, which were born to him in Padanaram. 27 And Jacob came unto Isaac his father unto Mamre, unto the city of Arbah, which is Hebron, where Abraham and Isaac sojourned. 28 And the days of Isaac were an hundred and fourscore years. 29 And Isaac gave up the ghost, and died, and was gathered unto his people, being old and full of days: and his sons Esau and Jacob buried him. ==Chapter 36== 1 Now these are the generations of Esau, who is Edom. 2 Esau took his wives of the daughters of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]]; [[Space:Adah|Adah]] the daughter of Elon the Hittite, and Aholibamah the daughter of Anah the daughter of Zibeon the Hivite; 3 And Bashemath Ishmael's daughter, sister of Nebajoth. 4 And [[Space:Adah|Adah]] bare to Esau Eliphaz; and Bashemath bare Reuel; 5 And Aholibamah bare Jeush, and Jaalam, and Korah: these are the sons of Esau, which were born unto him in the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]]. 6 And Esau took his wives, and his sons, and his daughters, and all the persons of his house, and his cattle, and all his beasts, and all his substance, which he had got in the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]]; and went into the country from the face of his brother Jacob. 7 For their riches were more than that they might dwell together; and the land wherein they were strangers could not bear them because of their cattle. 8 Thus dwelt Esau in mount Seir: Esau is Edom. 9 And these are the generations of Esau the father of the Edomites in mount Seir: 10 These are the names of Esau's sons; Eliphaz the son of [[Space:Adah|Adah]] the wife of Esau, Reuel the son of Bashemath the wife of Esau. 11 And the sons of Eliphaz were Teman, Omar, Zepho, and Gatam, and Kenaz. 12 And Timna was concubine to Eliphaz Esau's son; and she bare to Eliphaz Amalek: these were the sons of [[Space:Adah|Adah]] Esau's wife. 13 And these are the sons of Reuel; Nahath, and Zerah, Shammah, and Mizzah: these were the sons of Bashemath Esau's wife. 14 And these were the sons of Aholibamah, the daughter of Anah the daughter of Zibeon, Esau's wife: and she bare to Esau Jeush, and Jaalam, and Korah. 15 These were dukes of the sons of Esau: the sons of Eliphaz the firstborn son of Esau; duke Teman, duke Omar, duke Zepho, duke Kenaz, 16 Duke Korah, duke Gatam, and duke Amalek: these are the dukes that came of Eliphaz in the land of Edom; these were the sons of [[Space:Adah|Adah]] . 17 And these are the sons of Reuel Esau's son; duke Nahath, duke Zerah, duke Shammah, duke Mizzah: these are the dukes that came of Reuel in the land of Edom; these are the sons of Bashemath Esau's wife. 18 And these are the sons of Aholibamah Esau's wife; duke Jeush, duke Jaalam, duke Korah: these were the dukes that came of Aholibamah the daughter of Anah, Esau's wife. 19 These are the sons of Esau, who is Edom, and these are their dukes. 20 These are the sons of Seir the Horite, who inhabited the land; Lotan, and Shobal, and Zibeon, and Anah, 21 And Dishon, and Ezer, and Dishan: these are the dukes of the Horites, the children of Seir in the land of Edom. 22 And the children of Lotan were Hori and Hemam; and Lotan's sister was Timna. 23 And the children of Shobal were these; Alvan, and Manahath, and Ebal, Shepho, and Onam. 24 And these are the children of Zibeon; both Ajah, and Anah: this was that Anah that found the mules in the wilderness, as he fed the asses of Zibeon his father. 25 And the children of Anah were these; Dishon, and Aholibamah the daughter of Anah. 26 And these are the children of Dishon; Hemdan, and Eshban, and Ithran, and Cheran. 27 The children of Ezer are these; Bilhan, and Zaavan, and Akan. 28 The children of Dishan are these; Uz, and Aran. 29 These are the dukes that came of the Horites; duke Lotan, duke Shobal, duke Zibeon, duke Anah, 30 Duke Dishon, duke Ezer, duke Dishan: these are the dukes that came of Hori, among their dukes in the land of Seir. 31 And these are the kings that reigned in the land of Edom, before there reigned any king over the children of Israel. 32 And Bela the son of Beor reigned in Edom: and the name of his city was Dinhabah. 33 And Bela died, and Jobab the son of Zerah of Bozrah reigned in his stead. 34 And Jobab died, and Husham of the land of Temani reigned in his stead. 35 And Husham died, and Hadad the son of Bedad, who smote Midian in the field of Moab, reigned in his stead: and the name of his city was Avith. 36 And Hadad died, and Samlah of Masrekah reigned in his stead. 37 And Samlah died, and Saul of Rehoboth by the river reigned in his stead. 38 And Saul died, and Baalhanan the son of Achbor reigned in his stead. 39 And Baalhanan the son of Achbor died, and Hadar reigned in his stead: and the name of his city was Pau; and his wife's name was Mehet[[Space:Abel|Abel]], the daughter of Matred, the daughter of Mezahab. 40 And these are the names of the dukes that came of Esau, according to their families, after their places, by their names; duke Timnah, duke Alvah, duke Jetheth, 41 Duke Aholibamah, duke Elah, duke Pinon, 42 Duke Kenaz, duke Teman, duke Mibzar, 43 Duke Magdiel, duke Iram: these be the dukes of Edom, according to their habitations in the land of their possession: he is Esau the father of the Edomites. == Chapter 37== 1 And Jacob dwelt in the land wherein his father was a stranger, in the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]]. 2 These are the generations of Jacob. Joseph, being seventeen years old, was feeding the flock with his brethren; and the lad was with the sons of Bilhah, and with the sons of Zilpah, his father's wives: and Joseph brought unto his father their evil report. 3 Now Israel loved Joseph more than all his children, because he was the son of his old age: and he made him a coat of many colours. 4 And when his brethren saw that their father loved him more than all his brethren, they hated him, and could not speak peaceably unto him. 5 And Joseph dreamed a dream, and he told it his brethren: and they hated him yet the more. 6 And he said unto them, Hear, I pray you, this dream which I have dreamed: 7 For, behold, we were binding sheaves in the field, and, lo, my sheaf arose, and also stood upright; and, behold, your sheaves stood round about, and made obeisance to my sheaf. 8 And his brethren said to him, Shalt thou indeed reign over us? or shalt thou indeed have dominion over us? And they hated him yet the more for his dreams, and for his words. 9 And he dreamed yet another dream, and told it his brethren, and said, Behold, I have dreamed a dream more; and, behold, the sun and the moon and the eleven stars made obeisance to me. 10 And he told it to his father, and to his brethren: and his father rebuked him, and said unto him, What is this dream that thou hast dreamed? Shall I and thy mother and thy brethren indeed come to bow down ourselves to thee to the earth? 11 And his brethren envied him; but his father observed the saying. 12 And his brethren went to feed their father's flock in Shechem. 13 And Israel said unto Joseph, Do not thy brethren feed the flock in Shechem? come, and I will send thee unto them. And he said to him, Here am I. 14 And he said to him, Go, I pray thee, see whether it be well with thy brethren, and well with the flocks; and bring me word again. So he sent him out of the vale of Hebron, and he came to Shechem. 15 And a certain man found him, and, behold, he was wandering in the field: and the man asked him, saying, What seekest thou? 16 And he said, I seek my brethren: tell me, I pray thee, where they feed their flocks. 17 And the man said, They are departed hence; for I heard them say, Let us go to Dothan. And Joseph went after his brethren, and found them in Dothan. 18 And when they saw him afar off, even before he came near unto them, they conspired against him to slay him. 19 And they said one to another, Behold, this dreamer cometh. 20 Come now therefore, and let us slay him, and cast him into some pit, and we will say, Some evil beast hath devoured him: and we shall see what will become of his dreams. 21 And Reuben heard it, and he delivered him out of their hands; and said, Let us not kill him. 22 And Reuben said unto them, Shed no blood, but cast him into this pit that is in the wilderness, and lay no hand upon him; that he might rid him out of their hands, to deliver him to his father again. 23 And it came to pass, when Joseph was come unto his brethren, that they stript Joseph out of his coat, his coat of many colours that was on him; 24 And they took him, and cast him into a pit: and the pit was empty, there was no water in it. 25 And they sat down to eat bread: and they lifted up their eyes and looked, and, behold, a company of Ishmeelites came from Gilead with their camels bearing spicery and balm and myrrh, going to carry it down to Egypt. 26 And Judah said unto his brethren, What profit is it if we slay our brother, and conceal his blood? 27 Come, and let us sell him to the Ishmeelites, and let not our hand be upon him; for he is our brother and our flesh. And his brethren were content. 28 Then there passed by Midianites merchantmen; and they drew and lifted up Joseph out of the pit, and sold Joseph to the Ishmeelites for twenty pieces of silver: and they brought Joseph into Egypt. 29 And Reuben returned unto the pit; and, behold, Joseph was not in the pit; and he rent his clothes. 30 And he returned unto his brethren, and said, The child is not; and I, whither shall I go? 31 And they took Joseph's coat, and killed a kid of the goats, and dipped the coat in the blood; 32 And they sent the coat of many colours, and they brought it to their father; and said, This have we found: know now whether it be thy son's coat or no. 33 And he knew it, and said, It is my son's coat; an evil beast hath devoured him; Joseph is without doubt rent in pieces. 34 And Jacob rent his clothes, and put sackcloth upon his loins, and mourned for his son many days. 35 And all his sons and all his daughters rose up to comfort him; but he refused to be comforted; and he said, For I will go down into the grave unto my son mourning. Thus his father wept for him. 36 And the Midianites sold him into Egypt unto Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh's, and captain of the guard. ==Chapter 38== 1 And it came to pass at that time, that Judah went down from his brethren, and turned in to a certain Adullamite, whose name was Hirah. 2 And Judah saw there a daughter of a certain Canaanite, whose name was Shuah; and he took her, and went in unto her. 3 And she conceived, and bare a son; and he called his name Er. 4 And she conceived again, and bare a son; and she called his name Onan. 5 And she yet again conceived, and bare a son; and called his name Shelah: and he was at Chezib, when she bare him. 6 And Judah took a wife for Er his firstborn, whose name was Tamar. 7 And Er, Judah's firstborn, was wicked in the sight of the LORD; and the LORD slew him. 8 And Judah said unto Onan, Go in unto thy brother's wife, and marry her, and raise up seed to thy brother. 9 And Onan knew that the seed should not be his; and it came to pass, when he went in unto his brother's wife, that he spilled it on the ground, lest that he should give seed to his brother. 10 And the thing which he did displeased the LORD: wherefore he slew him also. 11 Then said Judah to Tamar his daughter in law, Remain a widow at thy father's house, till Shelah my son be grown: for he said, Lest peradventure he die also, as his brethren did. And Tamar went and dwelt in her father's house. 12 And in process of time the daughter of Shuah Judah's wife died; and Judah was comforted, and went up unto his sheepshearers to Timnath, he and his friend Hirah the Adullamite. 13 And it was told Tamar, saying, Behold thy father in law goeth up to Timnath to shear his sheep. 14 And she put her widow's garments off from her, and covered her with a vail, and wrapped herself, and sat in an open place, which is by the way to Timnath; for she saw that Shelah was grown, and she was not given unto him to wife. 15 When Judah saw her, he thought her to be an harlot; because she had covered her face. 16 And he turned unto her by the way, and said, Go to, I pray thee, let me come in unto thee; (for he knew not that she was his daughter in law.) And she said, What wilt thou give me, that thou mayest come in unto me? 17 And he said, I will send thee a kid from the flock. And she said, Wilt thou give me a pledge, till thou send it? 18 And he said, What pledge shall I give thee? And she said, Thy signet, and thy bracelets, and thy staff that is in thine hand. And he gave it her, and came in unto her, and she conceived by him. 19 And she arose, and went away, and laid by her vail from her, and put on the garments of her widowhood. 20 And Judah sent the kid by the hand of his friend the Adullamite, to receive his pledge from the woman's hand: but he found her not. 21 Then he asked the men of that place, saying, Where is the harlot, that was openly by the way side? And they said, There was no harlot in this place. 22 And he returned to Judah, and said, I cannot find her; and also the men of the place said, that there was no harlot in this place. 23 And Judah said, Let her take it to her, lest we be shamed: behold, I sent this kid, and thou hast not found her. 24 And it came to pass about three months after, that it was told Judah, saying, Tamar thy daughter in law hath played the harlot; and also, behold, she is with child by whoredom. And Judah said, Bring her forth, and let her be burnt. 25 When she was brought forth, she sent to her father in law, saying, By the man, whose these are, am I with child: and she said, Discern, I pray thee, whose are these, the signet, and bracelets, and staff. 26 And Judah acknowledged them, and said, She hath been more righteous than I; because that I gave her not to Shelah my son. And he knew her again no more. 27 And it came to pass in the time of her travail, that, behold, twins were in her womb. 28 And it came to pass, when she travailed, that the one put out his hand: and the midwife took and bound upon his hand a scarlet thread, saying, This came out first. 29 And it came to pass, as he drew back his hand, that, behold, his brother came out: and she said, How hast thou broken forth? this breach be upon thee: therefore his name was called Pharez. 30 And afterward came out his brother, that had the scarlet thread upon his hand: and his name was called Zarah. ==Chapter 39== 1 And Joseph was brought down to Egypt; and Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh, captain of the guard, an Egyptian, bought him of the hands of the Ishmeelites, which had brought him down thither. 2 And the LORD was with Joseph, and he was a prosperous man; and he was in the house of his master the Egyptian. 3 And his master saw that the LORD was with him, and that the LORD made all that he did to prosper in his hand. 4 And Joseph found grace in his sight, and he served him: and he made him overseer over his house, and all that he had he put into his hand. 5 And it came to pass from the time that he had made him overseer in his house, and over all that he had, that the LORD blessed the Egyptian's house for Joseph's sake; and the blessing of the LORD was upon all that he had in the house, and in the field. 6 And he left all that he had in Joseph's hand; and he knew not ought he had, save the bread which he did eat. And Joseph was a goodly person, and well favoured. 7 And it came to pass after these things, that his master's wife cast her eyes upon Joseph; and she said, Lie with me. 8 But he refused, and said unto his master's wife, Behold, my master wotteth not what is with me in the house, and he hath committed all that he hath to my hand; 9 There is none greater in this house than I; neither hath he kept back any thing from me but thee, because thou art his wife: how then can I do this great wickedness, and sin against God? 10 And it came to pass, as she spake to Joseph day by day, that he hearkened not unto her, to lie by her, or to be with her. 11 And it came to pass about this time, that Joseph went into the house to do his business; and there was none of the men of the house there within. 12 And she caught him by his garment, saying, Lie with me: and he left his garment in her hand, and fled, and got him out. 13 And it came to pass, when she saw that he had left his garment in her hand, and was fled forth, 14 That she called unto the men of her house, and spake unto them, saying, See, he hath brought in an Hebrew unto us to mock us; he came in unto me to lie with me, and I cried with a loud voice: 15 And it came to pass, when he heard that I lifted up my voice and cried, that he left his garment with me, and fled, and got him out. 16 And she laid up his garment by her, until his lord came home. 17 And she spake unto him according to these words, saying, The Hebrew servant, which thou hast brought unto us, came in unto me to mock me: 18 And it came to pass, as I lifted up my voice and cried, that he left his garment with me, and fled out. 19 And it came to pass, when his master heard the words of his wife, which she spake unto him, saying, After this manner did thy servant to me; that his wrath was kindled. 20 And Joseph's master took him, and put him into the prison, a place where the king's prisoners were bound: and he was there in the prison. 21 But the LORD was with Joseph, and shewed him mercy, and gave him favour in the sight of the keeper of the prison. 22 And the keeper of the prison committed to Joseph's hand all the prisoners that were in the prison; and whatsoever they did there, he was the doer of it. 23 The keeper of the prison looked not to any thing that was under his hand; because the LORD was with him, and that which he did, the LORD made it to prosper. ==Chapter 40== 1 And it came to pass after these things, that the butler of the king of Egypt and his baker had offended their lord the king of Egypt. 2 And Pharaoh was wroth against two of his officers, against the chief of the butlers, and against the chief of the bakers. 3 And he put them in ward in the house of the captain of the guard, into the prison, the place where Joseph was bound. 4 And the captain of the guard charged Joseph with them, and he served them: and they continued a season in ward. 5 And they dreamed a dream both of them, each man his dream in one night, each man according to the interpretation of his dream, the butler and the baker of the king of Egypt, which were bound in the prison. 6 And Joseph came in unto them in the morning, and looked upon them, and, behold, they were sad. 7 And he asked Pharaoh's officers that were with him in the ward of his lord's house, saying, Wherefore look ye so sadly to day? 8 And they said unto him, We have dreamed a dream, and there is no interpreter of it. And Joseph said unto them, Do not interpretations belong to God? tell me them, I pray you. 9 And the chief butler told his dream to Joseph, and said to him, In my dream, behold, a vine was before me; 10 And in the vine were three branches: and it was as though it budded, and her blossoms shot forth; and the clusters thereof brought forth ripe grapes: 11 And Pharaoh's cup was in my hand: and I took the grapes, and pressed them into Pharaoh's cup, and I gave the cup into Pharaoh's hand. 12 And Joseph said unto him, This is the interpretation of it: The three branches are three days: 13 Yet within three days shall Pharaoh lift up thine head, and restore thee unto thy place: and thou shalt deliver Pharaoh's cup into his hand, after the former manner when thou wast his butler. 14 But think on me when it shall be well with thee, and shew kindness, I pray thee, unto me, and make mention of me unto Pharaoh, and bring me out of this house: 15 For indeed I was stolen away out of the land of the Hebrews: and here also have I done nothing that they should put me into the dungeon. 16 When the chief baker saw that the interpretation was good, he said unto Joseph, I also was in my dream, and, behold, I had three white baskets on my head: 17 And in the uppermost basket there was of all manner of bakemeats for Pharaoh; and the birds did eat them out of the basket upon my head. 18 And Joseph answered and said, This is the interpretation thereof: The three baskets are three days: 19 Yet within three days shall Pharaoh lift up thy head from off thee, and shall hang thee on a tree; and the birds shall eat thy flesh from off thee. 20 And it came to pass the third day, which was Pharaoh's birthday, that he made a feast unto all his servants: and he lifted up the head of the chief butler and of the chief baker among his servants. 21 And he restored the chief butler unto his butlership again; and he gave the cup into Pharaoh's hand: 22 But he hanged the chief baker: as Joseph had interpreted to them. 23 Yet did not the chief butler remember Joseph, but forgat him. ==Chapter 41== 1 And it came to pass at the end of two full years, that Pharaoh dreamed: and, behold, he stood by the river. 2 And, behold, there came up out of the river seven well favoured kine and fatfleshed; and they fed in a meadow. 3 And, behold, seven other kine came up after them out of the river, ill favoured and leanfleshed; and stood by the other kine upon the brink of the river. 4 And the ill favoured and leanfleshed kine did eat up the seven well favoured and fat kine. So Pharaoh awoke. 5 And he slept and dreamed the second time: and, behold, seven ears of corn came up upon one stalk, rank and good. 6 And, behold, seven thin ears and blasted with the east wind sprung up after them. 7 And the seven thin ears devoured the seven rank and full ears. And Pharaoh awoke, and, behold, it was a dream. 8 And it came to pass in the morning that his spirit was troubled; and he sent and called for all the magicians of Egypt, and all the wise men thereof: and Pharaoh told them his dream; but there was none that could interpret them unto Pharaoh. 9 Then spake the chief butler unto Pharaoh, saying, I do remember my faults this day: 10 Pharaoh was wroth with his servants, and put me in ward in the captain of the guard's house, both me and the chief baker: 11 And we dreamed a dream in one night, I and he; we dreamed each man according to the interpretation of his dream. 12 And there was there with us a young man, an Hebrew, servant to the captain of the guard; and we told him, and he interpreted to us our dreams; to each man according to his dream he did interpret. 13 And it came to pass, as he interpreted to us, so it was; me he restored unto mine office, and him he hanged. 14 Then Pharaoh sent and called Joseph, and they brought him hastily out of the dungeon: and he shaved himself, and changed his raiment, and came in unto Pharaoh. 15 And Pharaoh said unto Joseph, I have dreamed a dream, and there is none that can interpret it: and I have heard say of thee, that thou canst understand a dream to interpret it. 16 And Joseph answered Pharaoh, saying, It is not in me: God shall give Pharaoh an answer of peace. 17 And Pharaoh said unto Joseph, In my dream, behold, I stood upon the bank of the river: 18 And, behold, there came up out of the river seven kine, fatfleshed and well favoured; and they fed in a meadow: 19 And, behold, seven other kine came up after them, poor and very ill favoured and leanfleshed, such as I never saw in all the land of Egypt for badness: 20 And the lean and the ill favoured kine did eat up the first seven fat kine: 21 And when they had eaten them up, it could not be known that they had eaten them; but they were still ill favoured, as at the beginning. So I awoke. 22 And I saw in my dream, and, behold, seven ears came up in one stalk, full and good: 23 And, behold, seven ears, withered, thin, and blasted with the east wind, sprung up after them: 24 And the thin ears devoured the seven good ears: and I told this unto the magicians; but there was none that could declare it to me. 25 And Joseph said unto Pharaoh, The dream of Pharaoh is one: God hath shewed Pharaoh what he is about to do. 26 The seven good kine are seven years; and the seven good ears are seven years: the dream is one. 27 And the seven thin and ill favoured kine that came up after them are seven years; and the seven empty ears blasted with the east wind shall be seven years of famine. 28 This is the thing which I have spoken unto Pharaoh: What God is about to do he sheweth unto Pharaoh. 29 Behold, there come seven years of great plenty throughout all the land of Egypt: 30 And there shall arise after them seven years of famine; and all the plenty shall be forgotten in the land of Egypt; and the famine shall consume the land; 31 And the plenty shall not be known in the land by reason of that famine following; for it shall be very grievous. 32 And for that the dream was doubled unto Pharaoh twice; it is because the thing is established by God, and God will shortly bring it to pass. 33 Now therefore let Pharaoh look out a man discreet and wise, and set him over the land of Egypt. 34 Let Pharaoh do this, and let him appoint officers over the land, and take up the fifth part of the land of Egypt in the seven plenteous years. 35 And let them gather all the food of those good years that come, and lay up corn under the hand of Pharaoh, and let them keep food in the cities. 36 And that food shall be for store to the land against the seven years of famine, which shall be in the land of Egypt; that the land perish not through the famine. 37 And the thing was good in the eyes of Pharaoh, and in the eyes of all his servants. 38 And Pharaoh said unto his servants, Can we find such a one as this is, a man in whom the Spirit of God is? 39 And Pharaoh said unto Joseph, Forasmuch as God hath shewed thee all this, there is none so discreet and wise as thou art: 40 Thou shalt be over my house, and according unto thy word shall all my people be ruled: only in the throne will I be greater than thou. 41 And Pharaoh said unto Joseph, See, I have set thee over all the land of Egypt. 42 And Pharaoh took off his ring from his hand, and put it upon Joseph's hand, and arrayed him in vestures of fine linen, and put a gold chain about his neck; 43 And he made him to ride in the second chariot which he had; and they cried before him, Bow the knee: and he made him ruler over all the land of Egypt. 44 And Pharaoh said unto Joseph, I am Pharaoh, and without thee shall no man lift up his hand or foot in all the land of Egypt. 45 And Pharaoh called Joseph's name Zaphnathpaaneah; and he gave him to wife Asenath the daughter of Potipherah priest of On. And Joseph went out over all the land of Egypt. 46 And Joseph was thirty years old when he stood before Pharaoh king of Egypt. And Joseph went out from the presence of Pharaoh, and went throughout all the land of Egypt. 47 And in the seven plenteous years the earth brought forth by handfuls. 48 And he gathered up all the food of the seven years, which were in the land of Egypt, and laid up the food in the cities: the food of the field, which was round about every city, laid he up in the same. 49 And Joseph gathered corn as the sand of the sea, very much, until he left numbering; for it was without number. 50 And unto Joseph were born two sons before the years of famine came, which Asenath the daughter of Potipherah priest of On bare unto him. 51 And Joseph called the name of the firstborn Manasseh: For God, said he, hath made me forget all my toil, and all my father's house. 52 And the name of the second called he Ephraim: For God hath caused me to be fruitful in the land of my affliction. 53 And the seven years of plenteousness, that was in the land of Egypt, were ended. 54 And the seven years of dearth began to come, according as Joseph had said: and the dearth was in all lands; but in all the land of Egypt there was bread. 55 And when all the land of Egypt was famished, the people cried to Pharaoh for bread: and Pharaoh said unto all the Egyptians, Go unto Joseph; what he saith to you, do. 56 And the famine was over all the face of the earth: and Joseph opened all the storehouses, and sold unto the Egyptians; and the famine waxed sore in the land of Egypt. 57 And all countries came into Egypt to Joseph for to buy corn; because that the famine was so sore in all lands. ==Chapter 42== 1 Now when Jacob saw that there was corn in Egypt, Jacob said unto his sons, Why do ye look one upon another? 2 And he said, Behold, I have heard that there is corn in Egypt: get you down thither, and buy for us from thence; that we may live, and not die. 3 And Joseph's ten brethren went down to buy corn in Egypt. 4 But Benjamin, Joseph's brother, Jacob sent not with his brethren; for he said, Lest peradventure mischief befall him. 5 And the sons of Israel came to buy corn among those that came: for the famine was in the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]]. 6 And Joseph was the governor over the land, and he it was that sold to all the people of the land: and Joseph's brethren came, and bowed down themselves before him with their faces to the earth. 7 And Joseph saw his brethren, and he knew them, but made himself strange unto them, and spake roughly unto them; and he said unto them, Whence come ye? And they said, From the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]] to buy food. 8 And Joseph knew his brethren, but they knew not him. 9 And Joseph remembered the dreams which he dreamed of them, and said unto them, Ye are spies; to see the nakedness of the land ye are come. 10 And they said unto him, Nay, my lord, but to buy food are thy servants come. 11 We are all one man's sons; we are true men, thy servants are no spies. 12 And he said unto them, Nay, but to see the nakedness of the land ye are come. 13 And they said, Thy servants are twelve brethren, the sons of one man in the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]]; and, behold, the youngest is this day with our father, and one is not. 14 And Joseph said unto them, That is it that I spake unto you, saying, Ye are spies: 15 Hereby ye shall be proved: By the life of Pharaoh ye shall not go forth hence, except your youngest brother come hither. 16 Send one of you, and let him fetch your brother, and ye shall be kept in prison, that your words may be proved, whether there be any truth in you: or else by the life of Pharaoh surely ye are spies. 17 And he put them all together into ward three days. 18 And Joseph said unto them the third day, This do, and live; for I fear God: 19 If ye be true men, let one of your brethren be bound in the house of your prison: go ye, carry corn for the famine of your houses: 20 But bring your youngest brother unto me; so shall your words be verified, and ye shall not die. And they did so. 21 And they said one to another, We are verily guilty concerning our brother, in that we saw the anguish of his soul, when he besought us, and we would not hear; therefore is this distress come upon us. 22 And Reuben answered them, saying, Spake I not unto you, saying, Do not sin against the child; and ye would not hear? therefore, behold, also his blood is required. 23 And they knew not that Joseph understood them; for he spake unto them by an interpreter. 24 And he turned himself about from them, and wept; and returned to them again, and communed with them, and took from them Simeon, and bound him before their eyes. 25 Then Joseph commanded to fill their sacks with corn, and to restore every man's money into his sack, and to give them provision for the way: and thus did he unto them. 26 And they laded their asses with the corn, and departed thence. 27 And as one of them opened his sack to give his ass provender in the inn, he espied his money; for, behold, it was in his sack's mouth. 28 And he said unto his brethren, My money is restored; and, lo, it is even in my sack: and their heart failed them, and they were afraid, saying one to another, What is this that God hath done unto us? 29 And they came unto Jacob their father unto the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]], and told him all that befell unto them; saying, 30 The man, who is the lord of the land, spake roughly to us, and took us for spies of the country. 31 And we said unto him, We are true men; we are no spies: 32 We be twelve brethren, sons of our father; one is not, and the youngest is this day with our father in the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]]. 33 And the man, the lord of the country, said unto us, Hereby shall I know that ye are true men; leave one of your brethren here with me, and take food for the famine of your households, and be gone: 34 And bring your youngest brother unto me: then shall I know that ye are no spies, but that ye are true men: so will I deliver you your brother, and ye shall traffick in the land. 35 And it came to pass as they emptied their sacks, that, behold, every man's bundle of money was in his sack: and when both they and their father saw the bundles of money, they were afraid. 36 And Jacob their father said unto them, Me have ye bereaved of my children: Joseph is not, and Simeon is not, and ye will take Benjamin away: all these things are against me. 37 And Reuben spake unto his father, saying, Slay my two sons, if I bring him not to thee: deliver him into my hand, and I will bring him to thee again. 38 And he said, My son shall not go down with you; for his brother is dead, and he is left alone: if mischief befall him by the way in the which ye go, then shall ye bring down my gray hairs with sorrow to the grave. ==Chapter 43== 1 And the famine was sore in the land. 2 And it came to pass, when they had eaten up the corn which they had brought out of Egypt, their father said unto them, Go again, buy us a little food. 3 And Judah spake unto him, saying, The man did solemnly protest unto us, saying, Ye shall not see my face, except your brother be with you. 4 If thou wilt send our brother with us, we will go down and buy thee food: 5 But if thou wilt not send him, we will not go down: for the man said unto us, Ye shall not see my face, except your brother be with you. 6 And Israel said, Wherefore dealt ye so ill with me, as to tell the man whether ye had yet a brother? 7 And they said, The man asked us straitly of our state, and of our kindred, saying, Is your father yet alive? have ye another brother? and we told him according to the tenor of these words: could we certainly know that he would say, Bring your brother down? 8 And Judah said unto Israel his father, Send the lad with me, and we will arise and go; that we may live, and not die, both we, and thou, and also our little ones. 9 I will be surety for him; of my hand shalt thou require him: if I bring him not unto thee, and set him before thee, then let me bear the blame for ever: 10 For except we had lingered, surely now we had returned this second time. 11 And their father Israel said unto them, If it must be so now, do this; take of the best fruits in the land in your vessels, and carry down the man a present, a little balm, and a little honey, spices, and myrrh, nuts, and almonds: 12 And take double money in your hand; and the money that was brought again in the mouth of your sacks, carry it again in your hand; peradventure it was an oversight: 13 Take also your brother, and arise, go again unto the man: 14 And God Almighty give you mercy before the man, that he may send away your other brother, and Benjamin. If I be bereaved of my children, I am bereaved. 15 And the men took that present, and they took double money in their hand, and Benjamin; and rose up, and went down to Egypt, and stood before Joseph. 16 And when Joseph saw Benjamin with them, he said to the ruler of his house, Bring these men home, and slay, and make ready; for these men shall dine with me at noon. 17 And the man did as Joseph bade; and the man brought the men into Joseph's house. 18 And the men were afraid, because they were brought into Joseph's house; and they said, Because of the money that was returned in our sacks at the first time are we brought in; that he may seek occasion against us, and fall upon us, and take us for bondmen, and our asses. 19 And they came near to the steward of Joseph's house, and they communed with him at the door of the house, 20 And said, O sir, we came indeed down at the first time to buy food: 21 And it came to pass, when we came to the inn, that we opened our sacks, and, behold, every man's money was in the mouth of his sack, our money in full weight: and we have brought it again in our hand. 22 And other money have we brought down in our hands to buy food: we cannot tell who put our money in our sacks. 23 And he said, Peace be to you, fear not: your God, and the God of your father, hath given you treasure in your sacks: I had your money. And he brought Simeon out unto them. 24 And the man brought the men into Joseph's house, and gave them water, and they washed their feet; and he gave their asses provender. 25 And they made ready the present against Joseph came at noon: for they heard that they should eat bread there. 26 And when Joseph came home, they brought him the present which was in their hand into the house, and bowed themselves to him to the earth. 27 And he asked them of their welfare, and said, Is your father well, the old man of whom ye spake? Is he yet alive? 28 And they answered, Thy servant our father is in good health, he is yet alive. And they bowed down their heads, and made obeisance. 29 And he lifted up his eyes, and saw his brother Benjamin, his mother's son, and said, Is this your younger brother, of whom ye spake unto me? And he said, God be gracious unto thee, my son. 30 And Joseph made haste; for his bowels did yearn upon his brother: and he sought where to weep; and he entered into his chamber, and wept there. 31 And he washed his face, and went out, and refrained himself, and said, Set on bread. 32 And they set on for him by himself, and for them by themselves, and for the Egyptians, which did eat with him, by themselves: because the Egyptians might not eat bread with the Hebrews; for that is an abomination unto the Egyptians. 33 And they sat before him, the firstborn according to his birthright, and the youngest according to his youth: and the men marvelled one at another. 34 And he took and sent messes unto them from before him: but Benjamin's mess was five times so much as any of theirs. And they drank, and were merry with him. ==Chapter 44== 1 And he commanded the steward of his house, saying, Fill the men's sacks with food, as much as they can carry, and put every man's money in his sack's mouth. 2 And put my cup, the silver cup, in the sack's mouth of the youngest, and his corn money. And he did according to the word that Joseph had spoken. 3 As soon as the morning was light, the men were sent away, they and their asses. 4 And when they were gone out of the city, and not yet far off, Joseph said unto his steward, Up, follow after the men; and when thou dost overtake them, say unto them, Wherefore have ye rewarded evil for good? 5 Is not this it in which my lord drinketh, and whereby indeed he divineth? ye have done evil in so doing. 6 And he overtook them, and he spake unto them these same words. 7 And they said unto him, Wherefore saith my lord these words? God forbid that thy servants should do according to this thing: 8 Behold, the money, which we found in our sacks' mouths, we brought again unto thee out of the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]]: how then should we steal out of thy lord's house silver or gold? 9 With whomsoever of thy servants it be found, both let him die, and we also will be my lord's bondmen. 10 And he said, Now also let it be according unto your words: he with whom it is found shall be my servant; and ye shall be blameless. 11 Then they speedily took down every man his sack to the ground, and opened every man his sack. 12 And he searched, and began at the eldest, and left at the youngest: and the cup was found in Benjamin's sack. 13 Then they rent their clothes, and laded every man his ass, and returned to the city. 14 And Judah and his brethren came to Joseph's house; for he was yet there: and they fell before him on the ground. 15 And Joseph said unto them, What deed is this that ye have done? wot ye not that such a man as I can certainly divine? 16 And Judah said, What shall we say unto my lord? what shall we speak? or how shall we clear ourselves? God hath found out the iniquity of thy servants: behold, we are my lord's servants, both we, and he also with whom the cup is found. 17 And he said, God forbid that I should do so: but the man in whose hand the cup is found, he shall be my servant; and as for you, get you up in peace unto your father. 18 Then Judah came near unto him, and said, Oh my lord, let thy servant, I pray thee, speak a word in my lord's ears, and let not thine anger burn against thy servant: for thou art even as Pharaoh. 19 My lord asked his servants, saying, Have ye a father, or a brother? 20 And we said unto my lord, We have a father, an old man, and a child of his old age, a little one; and his brother is dead, and he alone is left of his mother, and his father loveth him. 21 And thou saidst unto thy servants, Bring him down unto me, that I may set mine eyes upon him. 22 And we said unto my lord, The lad cannot leave his father: for if he should leave his father, his father would die. 23 And thou saidst unto thy servants, Except your youngest brother come down with you, ye shall see my face no more. 24 And it came to pass when we came up unto thy servant my father, we told him the words of my lord. 25 And our father said, Go again, and buy us a little food. 26 And we said, We cannot go down: if our youngest brother be with us, then will we go down: for we may not see the man's face, except our youngest brother be with us. 27 And thy servant my father said unto us, Ye know that my wife bare me two sons: 28 And the one went out from me, and I said, Surely he is torn in pieces; and I saw him not since: 29 And if ye take this also from me, and mischief befall him, ye shall bring down my gray hairs with sorrow to the grave. 30 Now therefore when I come to thy servant my father, and the lad be not with us; seeing that his life is bound up in the lad's life; 31 It shall come to pass, when he seeth that the lad is not with us, that he will die: and thy servants shall bring down the gray hairs of thy servant our father with sorrow to the grave. 32 For thy servant became surety for the lad unto my father, saying, If I bring him not unto thee, then I shall bear the blame to my father for ever. 33 Now therefore, I pray thee, let thy servant abide instead of the lad a bondman to my lord; and let the lad go up with his brethren. 34 For how shall I go up to my father, and the lad be not with me? lest peradventure I see the evil that shall come on my father. ==Chapter 45== 1 Then Joseph could not refrain himself before all them that stood by him; and he cried, Cause every man to go out from me. And there stood no man with him, while Joseph made himself known unto his brethren. 2 And he wept aloud: and the Egyptians and the house of Pharaoh heard. 3 And Joseph said unto his brethren, I am Joseph; doth my father yet live? And his brethren could not answer him; for they were troubled at his presence. 4 And Joseph said unto his brethren, Come near to me, I pray you. And they came near. And he said, I am Joseph your brother, whom ye sold into Egypt. 5 Now therefore be not grieved, nor angry with yourselves, that ye sold me hither: for God did send me before you to preserve life. 6 For these two years hath the famine been in the land: and yet there are five years, in the which there shall neither be earing nor harvest. 7 And God sent me before you to preserve you a posterity in the earth, and to save your lives by a great deliverance. 8 So now it was not you that sent me hither, but God: and he hath made me a father to Pharaoh, and lord of all his house, and a ruler throughout all the land of Egypt. 9 Haste ye, and go up to my father, and say unto him, Thus saith thy son Joseph, God hath made me lord of all Egypt: come down unto me, tarry not: 10 And thou shalt dwell in the land of Goshen, and thou shalt be near unto me, thou, and thy children, and thy children's children, and thy flocks, and thy herds, and all that thou hast: 11 And there will I nourish thee; for yet there are five years of famine; lest thou, and thy household, and all that thou hast, come to poverty. 12 And, behold, your eyes see, and the eyes of my brother Benjamin, that it is my mouth that speaketh unto you. 13 And ye shall tell my father of all my glory in Egypt, and of all that ye have seen; and ye shall haste and bring down my father hither. 14 And he fell upon his brother Benjamin's neck, and wept; and Benjamin wept upon his neck. 15 Moreover he kissed all his brethren, and wept upon them: and after that his brethren talked with him. 16 And the fame thereof was heard in Pharaoh's house, saying, Joseph's brethren are come: and it pleased Pharaoh well, and his servants. 17 And Pharaoh said unto Joseph, Say unto thy brethren, This do ye; lade your beasts, and go, get you unto the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]]; 18 And take your father and your households, and come unto me: and I will give you the good of the land of Egypt, and ye shall eat the fat of the land. 19 Now thou art commanded, this do ye; take you wagons out of the land of Egypt for your little ones, and for your wives, and bring your father, and come. 20 Also regard not your stuff; for the good of all the land of Egypt is yours. 21 And the children of Israel did so: and Joseph gave them wagons, according to the commandment of Pharaoh, and gave them provision for the way. 22 To all of them he gave each man changes of raiment; but to Benjamin he gave three hundred pieces of silver, and five changes of raiment. 23 And to his father he sent after this manner; ten asses laden with the good things of Egypt, and ten she asses laden with corn and bread and meat for his father by the way. 24 So he sent his brethren away, and they departed: and he said unto them, See that ye fall not out by the way. 25 And they went up out of Egypt, and came into the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]] unto Jacob their father, 26 And told him, saying, Joseph is yet alive, and he is governor over all the land of Egypt. And Jacob's heart fainted, for he believed them not. 27 And they told him all the words of Joseph, which he had said unto them: and when he saw the wagons which Joseph had sent to carry him, the spirit of Jacob their father revived: 28 And Israel said, It is enough; Joseph my son is yet alive: I will go and see him before I die. ==Chapter 46== 1 And Israel took his journey with all that he had, and came to Beer[[Space:Sheba|Sheba]], and offered sacrifices unto the God of his father Isaac. 2 And God spake unto Israel in the visions of the night, and said, Jacob, Jacob. And he said, Here am I. 3 And he said, I am God, the God of thy father: fear not to go down into Egypt; for I will there make of thee a great nation: 4 I will go down with thee into Egypt; and I will also surely bring thee up again: and Joseph shall put his hand upon thine eyes. 5 And Jacob rose up from Beer[[Space:Sheba|Sheba]]: and the sons of Israel carried Jacob their father, and their little ones, and their wives, in the wagons which Pharaoh had sent to carry him. 6 And they took their cattle, and their goods, which they had gotten in the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]], and came into Egypt, Jacob, and all his seed with him: 7 His sons, and his sons' sons with him, his daughters, and his sons' daughters, and all his seed brought he with him into Egypt. 8 And these are the names of the children of Israel, which came into Egypt, Jacob and his sons: Reuben, Jacob's firstborn. 9 And the sons of Reuben; Hanoch, and Phallu, and Hezron, and Carmi. 10 And the sons of Simeon; Jemuel, and Jamin, and Ohad, and Jachin, and Zohar, and Shaul the son of a Canaanitish woman. 11 And the sons of Levi; Gershon, Kohath, and Merari. 12 And the sons of Judah; Er, and Onan, and Shelah, and Pharez, and Zerah: but Er and Onan died in the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]]. And the sons of Pharez were Hezron and Hamul. 13 And the sons of Issachar; Tola, and Phuvah, and Job, and Shimron. 14 And the sons of Zebulun; Sered, and Elon, and Jahleel. 15 These be the sons of Leah, which she bare unto Jacob in Padanaram, with his daughter Dinah: all the souls of his sons and his daughters were thirty and three. 16 And the sons of Gad; Ziphion, and Haggi, Shuni, and Ezbon, Eri, and Arodi, and Areli. 17 And the sons of Asher; Jimnah, and Ishuah, and Isui, and Beriah, and Serah their sister: and the sons of Beriah; Heber, and Malchiel. 18 These are the sons of Zilpah, whom Laban gave to Leah his daughter, and these she bare unto Jacob, even sixteen souls. 19 The sons of Rachel Jacob's wife; Joseph, and Benjamin. 20 And unto Joseph in the land of Egypt were born Manasseh and Ephraim, which Asenath the daughter of Potipherah priest of On bare unto him. 21 And the sons of Benjamin were Belah, and Becher, and Ashbel, Gera, and Naaman, Ehi, and Rosh, Muppim, and Huppim, and Ard. 22 These are the sons of Rachel, which were born to Jacob: all the souls were fourteen. 23 And the sons of Dan; Hushim. 24 And the sons of Naphtali; Jahzeel, and Guni, and Jezer, and Shillem. 25 These are the sons of Bilhah, which Laban gave unto Rachel his daughter, and she bare these unto Jacob: all the souls were seven. 26 All the souls that came with Jacob into Egypt, which came out of his loins, besides Jacob's sons' wives, all the souls were threescore and six; 27 And the sons of Joseph, which were born him in Egypt, were two souls: all the souls of the house of Jacob, which came into Egypt, were threescore and ten. 28 And he sent Judah before him unto Joseph, to direct his face unto Goshen; and they came into the land of Goshen. 29 And Joseph made ready his chariot, and went up to meet Israel his father, to Goshen, and presented himself unto him; and he fell on his neck, and wept on his neck a good while. 30 And Israel said unto Joseph, Now let me die, since I have seen thy face, because thou art yet alive. 31 And Joseph said unto his brethren, and unto his father's house, I will go up, and shew Pharaoh, and say unto him, My brethren, and my father's house, which were in the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]], are come unto me; 32 And the men are shepherds, for their trade hath been to feed cattle; and they have brought their flocks, and their herds, and all that they have. 33 And it shall come to pass, when Pharaoh shall call you, and shall say, What is your occupation? 34 That ye shall say, Thy servants' trade hath been about cattle from our youth even until now, both we, and also our fathers: that ye may dwell in the land of Goshen; for every shepherd is an abomination unto the Egyptians. ==Chapter 47== 1 Then Joseph came and told Pharaoh, and said, My father and my brethren, and their flocks, and their herds, and all that they have, are come out of the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]]; and, behold, they are in the land of Goshen. 2 And he took some of his brethren, even five men, and presented them unto Pharaoh. 3 And Pharaoh said unto his brethren, What is your occupation? And they said unto Pharaoh, Thy servants are shepherds, both we, and also our fathers. 4 They said moreover unto Pharaoh, For to sojourn in the land are we come; for thy servants have no pasture for their flocks; for the famine is sore in the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]]: now therefore, we pray thee, let thy servants dwell in the land of Goshen. 5 And Pharaoh spake unto Joseph, saying, Thy father and thy brethren are come unto thee: 6 The land of Egypt is before thee; in the best of the land make thy father and brethren to dwell; in the land of Goshen let them dwell: and if thou knowest any men of activity among them, then make them rulers over my cattle. 7 And Joseph brought in Jacob his father, and set him before Pharaoh: and Jacob blessed Pharaoh. 8 And Pharaoh said unto Jacob, How old art thou? 9 And Jacob said unto Pharaoh, The days of the years of my pilgrimage are an hundred and thirty years: few and evil have the days of the years of my life been, and have not attained unto the days of the years of the life of my fathers in the days of their pilgrimage. 10 And Jacob blessed Pharaoh, and went out from before Pharaoh. 11 And Joseph placed his father and his brethren, and gave them a possession in the land of Egypt, in the best of the land, in the land of Rameses, as Pharaoh had commanded. 12 And Joseph nourished his father, and his brethren, and all his father's household, with bread, according to their families. 13 And there was no bread in all the land; for the famine was very sore, so that the land of Egypt and all the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]] fainted by reason of the famine. 14 And Joseph gathered up all the money that was found in the land of Egypt, and in the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]], for the corn which they bought: and Joseph brought the money into Pharaoh's house. 15 And when money failed in the land of Egypt, and in the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]], all the Egyptians came unto Joseph, and said, Give us bread: for why should we die in thy presence? for the money faileth. 16 And Joseph said, Give your cattle; and I will give you for your cattle, if money fail. 17 And they brought their cattle unto Joseph: and Joseph gave them bread in exchange for horses, and for the flocks, and for the cattle of the herds, and for the asses: and he fed them with bread for all their cattle for that year. 18 When that year was ended, they came unto him the second year, and said unto him, We will not hide it from my lord, how that our money is spent; my lord also hath our herds of cattle; there is not ought left in the sight of my lord, but our bodies, and our lands: 19 Wherefore shall we die before thine eyes, both we and our land? buy us and our land for bread, and we and our land will be servants unto Pharaoh: and give us seed, that we may live, and not die, that the land be not desolate. 20 And Joseph bought all the land of Egypt for Pharaoh; for the Egyptians sold every man his field, because the famine prevailed over them: so the land became Pharaoh's. 21 And as for the people, he removed them to cities from one end of the borders of Egypt even to the other end thereof. 22 Only the land of the priests bought he not; for the priests had a portion assigned them of Pharaoh, and did eat their portion which Pharaoh gave them: wherefore they sold not their lands. 23 Then Joseph said unto the people, Behold, I have bought you this day and your land for Pharaoh: lo, here is seed for you, and ye shall sow the land. 24 And it shall come to pass in the increase, that ye shall give the fifth part unto Pharaoh, and four parts shall be your own, for seed of the field, and for your food, and for them of your households, and for food for your little ones. 25 And they said, Thou hast saved our lives: let us find grace in the sight of my lord, and we will be Pharaoh's servants. 26 And Joseph made it a law over the land of Egypt unto this day, that Pharaoh should have the fifth part; except the land of the priests only, which became not Pharaoh's. 27 And Israel dwelt in the land of Egypt, in the country of Goshen; and they had possessions therein, and grew, and multiplied exceedingly. 28 And Jacob lived in the land of Egypt seventeen years: so the whole age of Jacob was an hundred forty and seven years. 29 And the time drew nigh that Israel must die: and he called his son Joseph, and said unto him, If now I have found grace in thy sight, put, I pray thee, thy hand under my thigh, and deal kindly and truly with me; bury me not, I pray thee, in Egypt: 30 But I will lie with my fathers, and thou shalt carry me out of Egypt, and bury me in their buryingplace. And he said, I will do as thou hast said. 31 And he said, Swear unto me. And he sware unto him. And Israel bowed himself upon the bed's head. ==Chapter 48== 1 And it came to pass after these things, that one told Joseph, Behold, thy father is sick: and he took with him his two sons, Manasseh and Ephraim. 2 And one told Jacob, and said, Behold, thy son Joseph cometh unto thee: and Israel strengthened himself, and sat upon the bed. 3 And Jacob said unto Joseph, God Almighty appeared unto me at Luz in the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]], and blessed me, 4 And said unto me, Behold, I will make thee fruitful, and multiply thee, and I will make of thee a multitude of people; and will give this land to thy seed after thee for an everlasting possession. 5 And now thy two sons, Ephraim and Manasseh, which were born unto thee in the land of Egypt before I came unto thee into Egypt, are mine; as Reuben and Simeon, they shall be mine. 6 And thy issue, which thou begettest after them, shall be thine, and shall be called after the name of their brethren in their inheritance. 7 And as for me, when I came from Padan, Rachel died by me in the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]] in the way, when yet there was but a little way to come unto Ephrath: and I buried her there in the way of Ephrath; the same is Bethlehem. 8 And Israel beheld Joseph's sons, and said, Who are these? 9 And Joseph said unto his father, They are my sons, whom God hath given me in this place. And he said, Bring them, I pray thee, unto me, and I will bless them. 10 Now the eyes of Israel were dim for age, so that he could not see. And he brought them near unto him; and he kissed them, and embraced them. 11 And Israel said unto Joseph, I had not thought to see thy face: and, lo, God hath shewed me also thy seed. 12 And Joseph brought them out from between his knees, and he bowed himself with his face to the earth. 13 And Joseph took them both, Ephraim in his right hand toward Israel's left hand, and Manasseh in his left hand toward Israel's right hand, and brought them near unto him. 14 And Israel stretched out his right hand, and laid it upon Ephraim's head, who was the younger, and his left hand upon Manasseh's head, guiding his hands wittingly; for Manasseh was the firstborn. 15 And he blessed Joseph, and said, God, before whom my fathers Abraham and Isaac did walk, the God which fed me all my life long unto this day, 16 The Angel which redeemed me from all evil, bless the lads; and let my name be named on them, and the name of my fathers Abraham and Isaac; and let them grow into a multitude in the midst of the earth. 17 And when Joseph saw that his father laid his right hand upon the head of Ephraim, it displeased him: and he held up his father's hand, to remove it from Ephraim's head unto Manasseh's head. 18 And Joseph said unto his father, Not so, my father: for this is the firstborn; put thy right hand upon his head. 19 And his father refused, and said, I know it, my son, I know it: he also shall become a people, and he also shall be great: but truly his younger brother shall be greater than he, and his seed shall become a multitude of nations. 20 And he blessed them that day, saying, In thee shall Israel bless, saying, God make thee as Ephraim and as Manasseh: and he set Ephraim before Manasseh. 21 And Israel said unto Joseph, Behold, I die: but God shall be with you, and bring you again unto the land of your fathers. 22 Moreover I have given to thee one portion above thy brethren, which I took out of the hand of the Amorite with my sword and with my bow. ==Chapter 49== 1 And Jacob called unto his sons, and said, Gather yourselves together, that I may tell you that which shall befall you in the last days. 2 Gather yourselves together, and hear, ye sons of Jacob; and hearken unto Israel your father. 3 Reuben, thou art my firstborn, my might, and the beginning of my strength, the excellency of dignity, and the excellency of power: 4 Unstable as water, thou shalt not excel; because thou wentest up to thy father's bed; then defiledst thou it: he went up to my couch. 5 Simeon and Levi are brethren; instruments of cruelty are in their habitations. 6 O my soul, come not thou into their secret; unto their assembly, mine honour, be not thou united: for in their anger they slew a man, and in their selfwill they digged down a wall. 7 Cursed be their anger, for it was fierce; and their wrath, for it was cruel: I will divide them in Jacob, and scatter them in Israel. 8 Judah, thou art he whom thy brethren shall praise: thy hand shall be in the neck of thine enemies; thy father's children shall bow down before thee. 9 Judah is a lion's whelp: from the prey, my son, thou art gone up: he stooped down, he couched as a lion, and as an old lion; who shall rouse him up? 10 The sceptre shall not depart from Judah, nor a lawgiver from between his feet, until Shiloh come; and unto him shall the gathering of the people be. 11 Binding his foal unto the vine, and his ass's colt unto the choice vine; he washed his garments in wine, and his clothes in the blood of grapes: 12 His eyes shall be red with wine, and his teeth white with milk. 13 Zebulun shall dwell at the haven of the sea; and he shall be for an haven of ships; and his border shall be unto Zidon. 14 Issachar is a strong ass couching down between two burdens: 15 And he saw that rest was good, and the land that it was pleasant; and bowed his shoulder to bear, and became a servant unto tribute. 16 Dan shall judge his people, as one of the tribes of Israel. 17 Dan shall be a serpent by the way, an adder in the path, that biteth the horse heels, so that his rider shall fall backward. 18 I have waited for thy salvation, O LORD. 19 Gad, a troop shall overcome him: but he shall overcome at the last. 20 Out of Asher his bread shall be fat, and he shall yield royal dainties. 21 Naphtali is a hind let loose: he giveth goodly words. 22 Joseph is a fruitful bough, even a fruitful bough by a well; whose branches run over the wall: 23 The archers have sorely grieved him, and shot at him, and hated him: 24 But his bow abode in strength, and the arms of his hands were made strong by the hands of the mighty God of Jacob; (from thence is the shepherd, the stone of Israel:) 25 Even by the God of thy father, who shall help thee; and by the Almighty, who shall bless thee with blessings of heaven above, blessings of the deep that lieth under, blessings of the breasts, and of the womb: 26 The blessings of thy father have prevailed above the blessings of my progenitors unto the utmost bound of the everlasting hills: they shall be on the head of Joseph, and on the crown of the head of him that was separate from his brethren. 27 Benjamin shall ravin as a wolf: in the morning he shall devour the prey, and at night he shall divide the spoil. 28 All these are the twelve tribes of Israel: and this is it that their father spake unto them, and blessed them; every one according to his blessing he blessed them. 29 And he charged them, and said unto them, I am to be gathered unto my people: bury me with my fathers in the cave that is in the field of Ephron the Hittite, 30 In the cave that is in the field of Machpelah, which is before Mamre, in the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]], which Abraham bought with the field of Ephron the Hittite for a possession of a buryingplace. 31 There they buried Abraham and Sarah his wife; there they buried Isaac and Rebekah his wife; and there I buried Leah. 32 The purchase of the field and of the cave that is therein was from the children of Heth. 33 And when Jacob had made an end of commanding his sons, he gathered up his feet into the bed, and yielded up the ghost, and was gathered unto his people. ==Chapter 50== 1 And Joseph fell upon his father's face, and wept upon him, and kissed him. 2 And Joseph commanded his servants the physicians to embalm his father: and the physicians embalmed Israel. 3 And forty days were fulfilled for him; for so are fulfilled the days of those which are embalmed: and the Egyptians mourned for him threescore and ten days. 4 And when the days of his mourning were past, Joseph spake unto the house of Pharaoh, saying, If now I have found grace in your eyes, speak, I pray you, in the ears of Pharaoh, saying, 5 My father made me swear, saying, Lo, I die: in my grave which I have digged for me in the land of[[Space:Canaan|Canaan]], there shalt thou bury me. Now therefore let me go up, I pray thee, and bury my father, and I will come again. 6 And Pharaoh said, Go up, and bury thy father, according as he made thee swear. 7 And Joseph went up to bury his father: and with him went up all the servants of Pharaoh, the elders of his house, and all the elders of the land of Egypt, 8 And all the house of Joseph, and his brethren, and his father's house: only their little ones, and their flocks, and their herds, they left in the land of Goshen. 9 And there went up with him both chariots and horsemen: and it was a very great company. 10 And they came to the threshingfloor of Atad, which is beyond Jordan, and there they mourned with a great and very sore lamentation: and he made a mourning for his father seven days. 11 And when the inhabitants of the land, the Canaanites, saw the mourning in the floor of Atad, they said, This is a grievous mourning to the Egyptians: wherefore the name of it was called [[Space:Abel|Abel]][[SpaceMizraim|Mizraim]], which is beyond Jordan. 12 And his sons did unto him according as he commanded them: 13 For his sons carried him into the land of [[Space:Canaan|Canaan]], and buried him in the cave of the field of Machpelah, which Abraham bought with the field for a possession of a buryingplace of Ephron the Hittite, before Mamre. 14 And Joseph returned into Egypt, he, and his brethren, and all that went up with him to bury his father, after he had buried his father. 15 And when Joseph's brethren saw that their father was dead, they said, Joseph will peradventure hate us, and will certainly requite us all the evil which we did unto him. 16 And they sent a messenger unto Joseph, saying, Thy father did command before he died, saying, 17 So shall ye say unto Joseph, Forgive, I pray thee now, the trespass of thy brethren, and their sin; for they did unto thee evil: and now, we pray thee, forgive the trespass of the servants of the God of thy father. And Joseph wept when they spake unto him. 18 And his brethren also went and fell down before his face; and they said, Behold, we be thy servants. 19 And Joseph said unto them, Fear not: for am I in the place of God? 20 But as for you, ye thought evil against me; but God meant it unto good, to bring to pass, as it is this day, to save much people alive. 21 Now therefore fear ye not: I will nourish you, and your little ones. And he comforted them, and spake kindly unto them. 22 And Joseph dwelt in Egypt, he, and his father's house: and Joseph lived an hundred and ten years. 23 And Joseph saw Ephraim's children of the third generation: the children also of Machir the son of Manasseh were brought up upon Joseph's knees. 24 And Joseph said unto his brethren, I die: and God will surely visit you, and bring you out of this land unto the land which he sware to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob. 25 And Joseph took an oath of the children of Israel, saying, God will surely visit you, and ye shall carry up my bones from hence. 26 So Joseph died, being an hundred and ten years old: and they embalmed him, and he was put in a coffin in Egypt.

'''Alfred William Steele Genet''' GENET'S GAME :A Very Crooked Career :Is He an Habitual ? (From "Truth's" Christchurch Rep.) :At the Christchurch S.M.S Court last week, Donald James McKay, a laborer hailing from the Methven district, told Magistrate : Bailey how Alf Genet had bitten his ear for £2 10s a couple or three days ago. Genet was charged on two counts of obtaining money by false pretences. He pleaded not guilty. :Donald McKay told the Court that while he was admiring Curator Young's botanical exhibits at the Christchurch Domain last Sunday, Genet made his acquaintance, and, in a subsequent conversational outburst, Donald broke the news that he could do with a job. Genet then mentioned that he was one of A GOVERNMENT SURVEY PARTY, and could put the Scot on to a decent billet. The duo knocked about together for a while after that and eventually Genet dropped a hint that he had five months' pay to draw from the Survey Department on the following day, although, unfortunately, he was a bit short of ready cash at present and could do with a loan of 10s from McKay. Donald lent him the money and Genet proposed to refund it the following day. On the Monday he called at "Mac's" pubbery and left a message to the effect that he had been called suddenly out of town and would meet McKay on Tuesday. The second appointment was kept by both parties, and, after talking some more about the prospective job with the survey party, Genet took his man down to the Tourist office and after going inside for a while, came out and told Donald that his name was down and the job was secured for him. Then the couple walked about town some more before Genet, representing that he had a bill to pay, borrowed a further £2 from his profitable pal. Next day, however, Genet was not at the appointed meeting place, although "Mac." spotted him on Thursday morning and broached the subject of repayment, to which Genet replied that he would pay up at eleven o'clock. Having caught his bird, Donald stuck to him until eleven o'clock, but shortly after that hour, GENET GAVE HIM THE SLIP. "Mac" then made inquiries at the Tourist office about the job which Genet had procured for him, and the officer "put him wise" to the "ready" which had been worked on him. :Genet- Didn't we have some drinks at your hotel?— Yes, one each. :Are you sure I asked for a loan? — Yes. :Now, remember, you're on your oath. Didn't I say "Excuse me from drinking because I have no money"?— No. :And didn't you say you'd lend me some? — No, you asked me to lend you some. :Stratford John Collett, officer in charge of the Tourist office at Christchurch, said that on the Tuesday in question, accused came into the Tourist office and asked if there was any chance of a job for himself. Collett said he knew of nothing just then, but he took Genet's name. The following afternoon McKay came and asked whether Genet had fixed up a job for him. He told Collett of what had happened and Collett advised him to get busy and land Genet. 'Tec. Reg. Ward said that in consequence of McKay's complaint he sleuthed Genet, and, on March 30, asked him what he knew about McKay's fifty 'roberto.' Genet replied that he had got some money from his friend McKay, but it was simply a loan, which he had every intention of paying back as soon as things brightened up. :Accused- You also charged me with being drunk? — Yes. :And, as a matter of fact. I was pretty drunk? — You were. :This concluded the prosecution's case. Genet, giving evidence on his own hook, started off with the somewhat incriminating admission: :"Well, your Worship, I might as well tell you that I'd only COME OUT OF LYTTELTON GAOL the day before I met McKay. So, you see. I was telling him no lie when I said I had been working five mouths for the Government" • :Somebody in Court asked "surveying"? and Genet replied "Yes, surveying the inside of the place." :Continuing, he said that he was introduced to McKay, who voluntarily lent him 10s after they had knocked about town together. On Monday, Genet couldn't keep his appointment, because he had to go to Templeton, but he met McKay on the Tuesday and was loaned another £2. Naturally, he intended to pay the money back and his part in the transaction was quite honest, because he already had been punished for dishonesty and had learned that It did not benefit a man to go crooked. If, however, the S.M. reckoned that his intentions had been dishonest, ,Genet trusted that he would be dealt with leniently and given a chance to enlist and help the country out of its tangle. :The Chief Detective: You're rather fond of working for the Government Genet? — Aw, now, that's all past. I admit I haven't been all that I should. But as I say, I've learned my lesson and Intend to go straight. :You've already had thirteen Government jobs?— Well, yes, it you like to put it that way, I suppose I have. :The S.M: You haven't explained about the billet which you were procuring for McKay?— No more I have sir! I went into the Tourist office and asked about the job. One of the witnesses has told you that. :Yes. but you put down your own name? — Yes, your Worship, I couldn't understand McKay's name. :Chief Detective Herbert, seeing that GENET'S CAKE WAS DOUGH proceeded to state the "crook's" pedigree. False pretences he said, seemed to be the accused's long suit, and he had been in gaol all over New Zealand, in connection with an aggregate of thirteen convictions, all involving dishonesty. He was the person who, some time ago represented himself as detectives Ward and Gibson and arrested a man for some offence, afterwards extorting £3 from the person "arrested" and then letting him go. Ho had just about earned his proficiency for classification as an habitual offender. Accused was sentenced to three months' gaol on one charge and one month on the other, the sentence to be concurrent. Genet was also ordered to be brought before the Supreme Court for decision as to whether he should wear the "habitual" tag.https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NZTR19160415.2.66; NZ Truth, Issue 565, 15 April 1916 ---- '''Charles Genet''' HERE’S WHAT’S WANTED. A CITIZEN OF CHRISTCHURCH SUPPLIES THE INFORMATION. Over half the complaints of mankind originate with the kidneys. A slight touch of backache at first. Twinges and shooting pains in the loins follow. They must be checked, they lead to graver complications. The sufferer seeks relief. Plasters are tried and liniments for the back. So-called kidney cures which do not cure. The long looked for result seems unattainable. If you suffer, do you want relief. Follow the plan adopted by this Christchurch man. . Mr Charles Genet; Papanui, Christchurch, states:—“l suffered for about five or six months, with pains in the small of the back, and irregularity of the kidneys. The pains were very severe and occasioned me much discomfort. Sometimes when I bent I could scarcely rise again, and the back was so tender that I could scarcely press it with my hand. The secretions scalded, and contained sediment. I read about Doan s Backache kidney Pills and obtained a supply at Bonington’s Pharmacy. These pills did .me a surprising amount of good. In fact when I had taken a couple of boxes I obtained perfect relief. I am now right in every way, no pain in the back, and no trouble with the secretions. I am as well as can be, and am very pleased to speak in favour of this valuable medicine. . . Success has brought up many mutations of Doan’s, but nothing just as good as this remedy If you suffer with kidney trouble or disordered kidneys, be sure you get the remedy which cured Mr Genet. They are sold by all chemists and storekeepers at 3s per box (six boxes (6s 6d) or will be posted on receipt of price by Foster-McClellan Co., 76, Pitt Street, Sydney, Remember the name—DOAN'Shttps://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/LT19050713.2.28; Lyttelton Times, Volume CXIV, Issue 13800, 13 July 1905 ---- WALES - March 17, at Nazareth House, Sydenham; Jane Elizabeth Wales, dearly loved mother of Mrs J. Genet, Mrs A. Taylor and Mrs Archhold; in her seventy-third year.-R.I.P. Funeral Monday, 11 a.m. Private interment.https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/TS19170317.2.48; Star, Issue 11958, 17 March 1917 WALES. —In Sad but loving memory of our dear mother, who died March 17, 1917. Calmly sleep, thou dearest mother; Pain no more shall mark your brow. All your cares and trials are over— You are happy resting now. Inserted by her daughters, J. Genet and A. Taylor, and grandchildren.https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/LT19180318.2.2.4 BIBLIOGRAPHIC DETAILS Lyttelton Times, Lyttelton Times, Volume CXVII, Issue 17741, 18 March 1918

== Aim of this Study == In order to research my own ([[Gutknecht-98|Danny Gutknecht's]]) family history, it is sometimes necessary to leave the traditional method of archival research and take new paths. Especially in the areas of today's Poland and Ukraine, which were previously heavily colonized by German settlers, it is very difficult to find documents and relationships, due to constant migrational movements, the numerous wars of the 19th and 20th centuries, and since one often doesn't know where to look in the first place. These difficulties can lead to ancestral dead ends that are difficult or even impossible to break through. However, modern DNA analyzes opens up the possibility of researching "from both ends". If you can identify a genetic relative and trace their family origins to a progenitor in the locale of your dead end, and then trace the descendants of that progenitor, you might be able to break through your dead end, "from the top" as it were. This study attempts to utilize this approach to get past a dead end in the historical Poland described above. == The Dead End == I am stuck right now around 1820-50 in all my Polish lines since I do not know where the settlers came from. The history is that starting around 1700 the Prussian kings colonised their territory mainly with settlers from their territory within the Holy Roman Empire, since they were Elector of Brandenburg at the same time. Then later the offspring of these settlers, were used to populate the new territory that fell to Prussia after the several divisions of Poland. Last of these divisions was in 1793 and circa 1810 my ancestors settled in the region of Łódź, but I have no clue where they may have been prior to that. Since 1815 Congress Poland was founded and 1836 occupied by Russia, the settlers were forced to give up their German culture, at least officially. The State also forced them to either serve in the military or help colonize new regions further southeast (now Ukraine). Because of this, I also lost track of many side lines of my family since I don't know where they went and what happened of them. Due to all this oppression many settlers either emigrated to America or returned to Germany, especially after WW I when Germany became Republic. My own line emigrated back to Germany in the person of a young man of 20 years trying his luck to find a good Job. He also found a nice wife in Germany and they became my great grandparents. == Limiting the Research Space == Obviously, two genetic relatives can be related through any progenitor in any geographic locale at any point in our long historical timeline, so it is necessary to limit the number genetic relatives to research. First, I check to see how closely related we are. If we're too distantly related, then our common ancestor is too far back in time to fit our target timeframe. So I selected genetic relatives with more than 20 cM shared DNA, suggesting the common ancester is close enough to be found. Then, given the historical details of the region described, I chose to further restrict my search space, for now, to genetic relatives in the United States, thinking to trace back through settlers who ended up emigrating to America. And of them, I searched for those that had a Polish line of descent. == Emigrants to America who are genetically linked == All of the people listed here are "key immigrants" whose descendants are genetically confirmed to be related to me according the the criteria described. === Common ancestor couple '''Lusch - Leske''' === The following migrating relatives could be traced back to the miller family of [[Lusch-57|Gottfried Lusch]] married [[Leske-175|Dorothea Elisabeth Leske]] in the '''Tokar mill''', parisch of '''Kociszew, Łódź''', Poland. * '''[[Cerecki-2|Adolf Cerecki (1874 - 1960)]]'''; born in Grabów near '''Lubartów''', Poland/Russia, but might have lived later in and emigrated from the region around '''Chełm''', Poland. His marriage to [[Krüger-8833|Paulina Krüger]] ca 1896 as well as two confirmed child-births in Poland before emigrating '''ca 1899 to Ohio''' have not yet been found. === Unknown Link - no Common ancestor identified as of now === * '''[[Reich-1268|Gustav Reich (1890 - 1982)]]'''; born Poland/Russia, emigrated '''ca 1910 to Wisconsin'''. His obituary said he had a sister named Florence, whose birth name might have been [[Florentina Reich]]. Her Social Security Application lists her parents as [[Martin Reich]] and [[Paulina Nehrling]]. No exact origin has been identified yet. * '''[[Schiewe-11|Heinrich Schiewe (1878 - 1951)]]'''; born in Poland/Russia, immigrated '''1903 to Illinois'''. No exact origin has been identified yet. * '''[[Pidde-2|Karl Leopold Pidde (1886 - 1937)]]'''; born in Poland/Russia, emigrated '''1907 to North Dakota'''. His roots can seemingly be traced back to the greater Łódź region, maybe somewhere between Kalisz and Konin in Poland. Several siblings emigrated as well and might also be traced for more information. * '''[[Lydia Klan (1924-2014)]]'''; born in Poland/Russia, emigrated 1950. * '''[[Hellen Ruff (ca1908 - 1982)]]; born in Poland/Russia,

---- '''Genetic Descendants of [[Matney-291|Brooks Matney]]''' :Haplogroup: R1b-DF97->FGC19851->FGC65264->FT11368* :[[Space:Mattingly/Matney_Surname_DNA_Project| Go back to the main page]]. ---- '''Participants''' :The Project has three DNA donors descending from [[Matney-292|Walter Matney]], son of [[Matney-291|Brooks Matney]]. ::Member Z1 descends from [[Matney-290|William B. Matney]]. ::Members Z2 and Z3 descend from [[Matney-292|John B. Matney]]. ---- '''Genetic Pedigree of [[Matney-291|Brooks Matney]]''' :Hover cursor over any linked patriarch name to see previews of profile key dates, parents, spouse(s) and children. :1: [[Mattingly-30|Thomas Mattingly I]] ::2: [[Mattingly-223|Cesar Mattingly]] :::3: [[Mattingly-225|John Mattingly]] Y14083 ::::4: [[Matney-93|Walter Mattingly/Matney]] Y14083->Y85450 :::::5: [[Matney-291|Brooks Matney]] [Haplogroup unknown] ::::::6: [[Matney-292|Walter Matney]] MRCA: FT11368 + 24 SNPs (See Note 1) :::::::7: [[Matney-290|William B. Matney]] ::::::::8: [[Matney-115|John B. Matney]] :::::::::9: [[Matney-71|William Brooks Matney]] ::::::::::10: [[Matney-70|William Brooks Matney]] :::::::::::11: Z1: FT11368* + 24 SNPs (See Note 1) :::::::7: [[Matney-292|John B. Matney]] FT11368* + 24 SNPs (See Note 1) ::::::::8: [[Matney-543|Charles W. Matney]] MRCA: FT11368* + 24 SNPs (See Note 1) :::::::::9: [[Matney-571|Willard G. Matney, Sr.]] ::::::::::10: [[Matney-638|Willard G. Matney, Jr.]] :::::::::::11: Z3: FT11368* + 24 SNPs (See Note 1) :::::::::9: [[Matney-573|John B. Matney]] ::::::::::10: Z2: FT11368* + 24 SNPs (See Note 1) :Note 1: These are the 24 additional SNPs associated with the FT11368* SNP group: A24076, A24077, A24078, A24079, A24081, A24082, A24084, FT11084, FT8363, FT8526, FT8654, FT8864, FT8958, FT9602, FT9778, Y166843, Y166844, Y166845, Y166846, Y166847, Y166849, Y166850, Y166851, Y166852 ---- '''Conclusions''' :None of these the descendants of [[Matney-291|Brooks Matney]] carried any SNP in the Y14084* group shown to be present in descendants of [[Mattingly-30|Thomas Mattingly I]]. All were shown to belong to the R1b-DF97* haplogroup which is mutually exclusive of the R1b-DF27* haplogroup where the descendants of [[Mattingly-30|Thomas Mattingly I]] are placed. :Genealogical tradition has stated the belief that [[Matney-291|Brooks Matney]] was the brother of [[Matney-97|Broadwater Matney]] and [[Matney-93|Walter Mattingly/Matney]] . The genetic evidence does not support this claim. :It is not clear how haplogroup R1b-DF97* was introduced into the [[Matney-291|Brooks Matney]] family tree. Clearly his son [[Matney-292|Walter Matney]] carried the genetic marker for this haplogroup since the descendants of two of his sons, [[Matney-290|William B. Matney]] and [[Matney-292|John B. Matney]], both carried the genetic markers for this haplogroup. A possible explanation is that Walter was an adopted son or step-son of Brooks, or Brooks himself was adopted or step-brother to Broadwater and Walter. :DNA testing of another descendant of [[Matney-291|Brooks Matney]], preferably from a son other than [[Matney-292|Walter Matney]], is warranted to confirm whether haplogroup R1b-DF97* is present. If present, it would indicate [[Matney-291|Brooks Matney]] is not genetically related to the Matneys descending from [[Mattingly-223|Cesar Mattingly]]. ---- '''Most Recent Common Ancestors (MRCA)''' :[[Matney-292|Walter Matney]] is the genetic MRCA for project members Z1, Z2 and Z3. : [[Matney-543|Charles W. Matney]] is the genetic MRCA for project members Z2 and Z3. ---- :[[Space:Mattingly/Matney_Surname_DNA_Project| Go back to the main page]].

---- '''Genetic Descendants of [[Mattingly-223|Cesar "Cezar" Mattingly]]''' :Haplogroup: R1b-DF27/S250–>ZZ12_1–>FGC78762->ZZ19_1->Y32298->Y14084* :Y14084* Haplogroup SNPs: A23315, A23316, FT55233, FT56526, Y13607, Y13608, Y13609, Y14081, Y14082, Y14084, Y14086, Y172388, Y18449, Y18574, Y18575, Y18576, Y18577, Y18578, Y18579, Y18581 :[[Space:Mattingly/Matney_Surname_DNA_Project| Go back to the main page]]. ---- '''Participants''' :The Project has twelve DNA donors descending from two sons of [[Mattingly-225|John Mattingly]], son of [[Mattingly-223|Cesar Mattingly]]. *Members C6, C7 and C8 descend from [[Mattingly-258|John Baptist Mattingly Jr.]]. *Members C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C9, C10, C11 and C12 descend from [[Mattingly-250|Richard Mattingly Sr.]]. ---- '''Genetic Pedigree of [[Mattingly-223|Cesar Mattingly]]''' :Hover cursor over any linked patriarch name to see previews of profile key dates, parents, spouse(s) and children. :1: [[Mattingly-30|Thomas Mattingly I]] ::2: [[Mattingly-223|Cesar Mattingly]] :::3: [[Mattingly-225|John Mattingly]] MRCA: Y14083 ::::4: [[Mattingly-258|John Baptist Mattingly Jr.]] MRCA: Y14083 :::::5: [[Mattingly-617|Henry Mattingly]] Y14083* ::::::6: [[Mattingly-1050|William Mattingly]] :::::::7: [[Mattingly-1183|Francis Henry Mattingly]] ::::::::8: [[Mattingly-1182|James A. Mattingly]] :::::::::9: [[Mattingly-1181|Claude R. Mattingly]] ::::::::::10: [[Mattingly-1180|Charles Edward Mattingly]] MRCA: Y14083->FT154797, FT200024, FT200025 :::::::::::11: C6 Y14083->FT154797, FT200024, FT200025 :::::::::::11: C7 Y14083->FT154797, FT200024, FT200025 :::::5: [[Mattingly-549|William Mattingly]] Y14083* ::::::6: [[Mattingly-1353|William Mattingly]] :::::::7: [[Mattingly-1354|William Mattingly]] ::::::::8: [[Mattingly-1355|Louis Kemp Mattingly]] :::::::::9: [[Mattingly-1376|William Haverman Mattingly Sr.]] ::::::::::10: [[Mattingly-1385|Ignatius Stillman Mattingly]] :::::::::::11: Living Mattingly ::::::::::::12: C8 Y14083 ::::4: [[Mattingly-250|Richard Mattingly Sr.]] MRCA: Y14083 :::::5: [[Mattingly-201|"Old" Joseph Mattingly]] ::::::6: [[Mattingly-233|Leonard Barton Mattingly]] MRCA: Y14083 :::::::7: [[Mattingly-667|Edward M. Mattingly]] Y14083* ::::::::8: [[Mattingly-666|Alexander Owen Mattingly]] :::::::::9: [[Mattingly-665|James Edward Mattingly]] ::::::::::10: [[Mattingly-664|Hubert Edward Mattingly I]] MRCA: Y14083 :::::::::::11: C1 Y14083 ::::::::::::12: C2 Y14083 :::::::7: [[Mattingly-657|James Edward Mattingly Sr.]] Y14083* ::::::::8: [[Mattingly-1075|James Edward Mattingly Jr.]] :::::::::9: [[Mattingly-1074|James Thomas Mattingly]] ::::::::::10: [[Mattingly-1073|Charles Edward Mattingly I]] :::::::::::11: [[Mattingly-1397|James Edward Mattingly]] MRCA: Y14083->Y200586, Y2005587, Y200588 ::::::::::::12: C10 Y14083->Y200586, Y200587, Y200588 ::::::::::::12: C11 Y14083->Y200586, Y200587, Y200588 ::::::::::::12: C12 Y14083->Y200586, Y200587, Y200588 :::::5: [[Mattingly-251|James Barton Mattingly]] Y14083* ::::::6: [[Mattingly-865|James L Mattingly]] :::::::7: [[Mattingly-874|Elias L. Mattingly]] ::::::::8: [[Mattingly-876|Elias Barton "Ely" Mattingly]] :::::::::9: [[Mattingly-880|Raymond Mattingly]] MRCA: Y14083->Y97568, Y81248, ZS11771, BY85126 ::::::::::10: [[Mattingly-887|Lafayette Joseph Mattingly Sr.]] :::::::::::11: C3 Y14083->Y81248, Y97568, FGC22005 ZS11771 ::::::::::10: [[Mattingly-890|Charles Elias Mattingly]] :::::::::::11: C5 Y14083->Y81248, Y97568, FGC22005, ZS11771 :::::::::::11: C9 Y14083->Y81248, Y97568, FGC22005, ZS11771 :::::5: [[Mattingly-253|Richard Mattingly Jr.]] Y14083* ::::::6: [[Mattingly-245|John Mattingly]] :::::::7: [[Mattingly-268|William Mattingly]] ::::::::8: [[Mattingly-905|Robert L. Mattingly]] :::::::::9: [[Mattingly-916|William Robert Mattingly]] ::::::::::10: [[Mattingly-918|William Oscar Mattingly]] :::::::::::11: [[Mattingly-921|Herman Hanson Mattingly]] ::::::::::::12: C4 Y14083 ---- '''Conclusions''' :All of the descendants were found to carry the Y-chromosome mutations identified in the Y14084* SNP group believed to be carried by [[Mattingly-30|Thomas Mattingly I]]. :SNP Y14083 was found in all the descendants of [[Mattingly-258|John Baptist Mattingly Jr.]], and all all descendants of his younger brother [[Mattingly-250|Richard Mattingly Sr.]]. This is a new SNP defining a new sub-clad under haplogroup Y14084*. [[Mattingly-225|John Mattingly]] most likely carried SNP Y14083 and passed it to all of his sons. It is not clear whether [[Mattingly-225|John Mattingly]] or his father [[Mattingly-223|Cesar Mattingly]] was the progenitor of SNP Y14083. :SNP Y14083 was not found in any of the descendants of [[Mattingly-29|Thomas Mattingly II]] , older brother of [[Mattingly-223|Cesar "Cezar" Mattingly]]. :Three sub-clads of haplogroup Y14083* were found in the Y-chromosomes from 12 of 12 of the participants descending from [[Mattingly-225|John Mattingly]]. *SNPs Y97568 Y81248, FGC22005 and ZS11771 were all found in participants C3, C5and C9, and comprise a new sub-clad of haplogroup Y14083*. It is clear that [[Mattingly-880|Raymond Mattingly]] also carried these four SNPs and passed them to his sons. *SNPs FT154797, FT200024 and FT200025 were all found in participants C6, and C7, and establish a new sub-clad of haplogroup Y14083*. [[Mattingly-1180|Charles Edward Mattingly]] carried these three SNPs and passed them to his sons. The progenitor of these three SNPs has not been identified. *SNPs Y200586, Y200587 and Y200588 were all found in participants C10, C11 and C12, identifying a new sub-clad of haplogroup Y14083*. [[Mattingly-1397|James Edward Mattingly, Sr.]] carried these three SNPs and passed them to his sons. The progenitor of these three SNPs has not been identified. :No unique SNPs were found for participants C1 and C2 which would indicate a sub-clad for descendants of [[Mattingly-233|Leonard Barton Mattingly]], son of [[Mattingly-201|"Old" Joseph Mattingly]]. :Two participants need a corroborating DNA from a close relative to determine whether they also define new sub-clads under haplogroup Y14083*. *A descendant of [[Mattingly-918|William Oscar Mattingly]] would be useful to confirm the DNA testing data of participant C4. *A descendant of [[Mattingly-1385|Ignatius Stillman Mattingly]] would be useful to confirm the DNA testing data of participant C8. ---- '''Most Recent Common Ancestors (MRCA)''' :[[Mattingly-225|John Mattingly]] is the genetic MRCA of all twelve project members. : [[Mattingly-258|John Baptist Mattingly Jr.]] is the genetic MRCA for project members C6, C7 and C8. :[[Mattingly-250|Richard Mattingly Sr.]] is the genetic MRCA for project members C1, C2, C10, C11and C12. :[[Mattingly-1180|Charles Edward Mattingly]] is the genetic MRCA for project members C6 and C7. :[[Mattingly-664|Hubert Edward Mattingly I]] is the genetic MRCA for project members C1 and C2. :[[Mattingly-1397|James Edward Mattingly]] is the genetic MRCA for project members C10, C11and C12. :[[Mattingly-880|Raymond Mattingly]] is the genetic MRCA for project members C3, C5and C9. ---- :[[Space:Mattingly/Matney_Surname_DNA_Project| Go back to the main page]].

---- '''Genetic Descendants of [[Mattingly-611|Clement Allen Mattingly/Matney]]''' :Haplogroup: R1b-DF27/S250–>ZZ12_1–>FGC78762->ZZ19_1->Y32298->Y14084* :Y14084* Haplogroup SNPs: A23315, A23316, FT55233, FT56526, Y13607, Y13608, Y13609, Y14081, Y14082, Y14084, Y14086, Y172388, Y18449, Y18574, Y18575, Y18576, Y18577, Y18578, Y18579, Y18581 :[[Space:Mattingly/Matney_Surname_DNA_Project| Go back to the main page]]. ---- '''Participants''' :The Project has five DNA donors descending from the sons of [[Mattingly-611|Clement Allen Mattingly/Matney]]. *Members M3 and M8 descend from [[Matney-192|Stephen Matney]]. *Members M4 and M7descends from [[Matney-481|Uriah Allen Matney]]. *Member U1 is an adoptee with an unidentified biological father having an autosome match to M7 and STR match to all other project members. ---- '''Genetic Pedigree of [[Mattingly-611|Clement Allen Mattingly/Matney]]''' :Hover cursor over any linked patriarch name to see previews of profile key dates, parents, spouse(s) and children. :1: [[Mattingly-30|Thomas Mattingly I]] ::2: [[Mattingly-223|Cesar Mattingly]] :::3: Clement Mattingly ::::4: [[Mattingly-611|Clement Allen Mattingly/Matney]] MRCA: Y14083->FT393191 :::::5: [[Matney-192|Stephen Matney]] MRCA: Y14083->FT393191->Y89336 ::::::6: [[Matney-191|Isaiah Matney]] :::::::7: [[Matney-189|Isaiah Harmon Matney]] ::::::::8: [[Matney-187|Elias L. Matney]] :::::::::9: [[Matney-186|Louis J. Matney]] ::::::::::10: M3 Y14083->FT393191->Y89336 ::::::6: [[Matney-580|Elias Matney]] :::::::7: [[Matney-579|Andrew J. Matney]] ::::::::8: [[Matney-578|Jason E.s Matney]] :::::::::9: [[Matney-577|Dee. H. Matney]] ::::::::::10: M8 Y14083->FT393191->Y89336 :::::5: [[Matney-481|Uriah Allen Matney]] MRCA: Y14083->FT393191->Y80210 ::::::6: [[Matney-431|John David Matney]] :::::::7: [[Matney-422|Joseph Lee Matney]] ::::::::8: [[Matney-417|William Samuel Matney]] :::::::::9: [[Matney-412|Clyde Alvis Matney]] ::::::::::10: M4 Y14083->FT393191->Y80210 ::::::6: [[Matney-214|James Bedford Matney]] MRCA: Y14083->FT393191->Y80210 :::::::7: [[Matney-447|John Huse Matney]] ::::::::8: [[Matney-453|Jerry Marr Matney]] :::::::::9: Living Matney ::::::::::10: M7 Y14083->FT393191->Y80210 :::::::7: [[Matney-451|Isaac S. Matney]] ::::::::8:[[Matney-1042|Tyre Bedford Matney]] :::::::::9: Unidentified Biological Father ::::::::::10: U1 Y14083->FT393191->Y80210 ---- '''Conclusions''' :All of the descendants were found to carry the Y-chromosome mutations identified in the Y14084* SNP group believed to be carried by [[Mattingly-30|Thomas Mattingly I]]. :SNP Y14083 was found in all participants indicating they are descendants of [[Mattingly-223|Cesar Mattingly]]. :SNP FT393191 was found in all participants. This is a new SNP defining a new sub-clad under haplogroup Y14083*. SNP FT393191 was not found in any other Project member and is limited to this group. [[Mattingly-611|Clement Allen Mattingly]] appears to be a carrier of FT393191 because it was passed to two of his sons. It is not clear if [[Mattingly-611|Clement Allen Mattingly]] is the progenitor of SNP FT393191. :SNP BY89336 was found in participants M3 and M8 descending from [[Matney-192|Stephen Matney]]. This is a new SNP defining a new sub-clad under haplogroup FT393191*. SNP BY89336 was not found in any other Project member and is limited to this group. :SNP Y80210 was found in participants M4, M7 and U1 descending from [[Matney-481|Uriah Allen Matney]]. This is a new SNP defining a new sub-clad under haplogroup FT393191*. SNP Y80210 was not found in any other Project member and is limited to this group. :There is a conflict between the genetic findings of the descendants of [[Mattingly-611|Clement Allen Mattingly]] and the genealogical record. [[Mattingly-28|Thomas Mattingly III]], son of [[Mattingly-29|Thomas Mattingly II]] is listed as the father of [[Mattingly-611|Clement Allen Mattingly]]. Participants M3, M4, M7, M8 and U1. all carry SNP Y14083 indicating these participants descend from [[Mattingly-223|Cesar Mattingly]]. The following two citations from Mattingly genealogists supports [[Mattingly-223|Cesar Mattingly]] having a son and grandson both named Clement. #Genealogy of Dr. Caroline Mattingly (Born 1893, Redlands, California): On the Mattingly, Berry, Burton, Cloud, Lindley, Hadley, Maris, Stamper, & Tegarden Families", compiled by Caroline Mattingly, Redlands, California (University Professor), 1954, page 12, Chapter: The Mattingly Family in Maryland (from the files of Dr. Joseph Johnson of Louisville, Kentucky, August 1947:
Caesar Mattingly's two sons: John married Grace Brewer. He died 1744; his widow and her new husband Peter Johnson administered his estate in St. Mary's Co, Mar. 26 1745 (admr. Acct. Liber D.D. Folio 21, Land Office). The Mattingly children: John, Ignatius, Richard, Luke, Joseph, Elizabeth, Suzanna, James... Clement, son of Caesar went to Ann Arundel Co. at an early age, married Ann Burton Coyle, dau. of Edward and Elizabeth Coyle, before 1727. (Prov. Court Liber P.L. No. 8, Folio 464, Land Office). Children: Clement, born 1748; Francis, born 1732 (both in Prince George Co. -- Census 1776. #Herman E. Mattingly in his book, The Mattingly Family in Early America (1975), Page 28,
Clement Mattingly was the third son of Thomas III and, most likely, his second wife, Ruth Cole. There are numerous records of a Clement Mattingly, and they would seem to indicate there are two Clements, one of St. Mary's County, and the other in Anne Arundel County. :The genealogical record clearly shows [[Matney-192|Stephen Matney]] (b. abt 1795) to be a younger brother of [[Matney-481|Uriah Allen Matney]] (b. abt 1793). The Project is concerned that two brothers born only two years apart have developed two distinct Y-chromosome mutations BY89336 and Y80210. :Some genealogies place [[Matney-214|James Bedford Matney]] as a son of [[Matney-192|Stephen Matney]]; others place him as a son of [[Matney-481|Uriah Allen Matney]]. The presence of SNP Y80210 in participant M7 supports the conclusion [[Matney-214|James Bedford Matney]] is a son of [[Matney-481|Uriah Allen Matney]]. :Participant U1 was found to carry SNP Y80210 indicating he is descendant of [[Matney-481|Uriah Allen Matney]]. An autosome DNA test showed U1 shared 53 centiMorgan Autosome DNA match with M7, a descendant of [[Matney-214|James Bedford Matney]]. The autosome match indicates a third cousin relationship. Third cousins share a common great great grandfather. The autosome match and SNP Y80210 suggests [[Matney-481|Uriah Allen Matney]] is the great great grandfather of U1. An 659 centiMorgan autosome match at another DNA testing company showed U1 to have a half-niece relationship to a granddaughter of [[Matney-1042|Tyre Bedford Matney]]. It is likely [[Matney-1042|Tyre Bedford Matney]] is the grandfather of a son of U1 and a son of [[Matney-1042|Tyre Bedford Matney]] is the biological father of U1. ---- '''Most Recent Common Ancestors (MRCA)''' :[[Mattingly-611|Clement Allen Mattingly]] is the genetic MRCA for project members M3, M4, M7, M8 and U1. :[[Matney-192|Stephen Matney]] is the genetic MRCA for project members M3 and M8. :[[Matney-481|Uriah Allen Matney]] is the genetic MRCA for project members M4, M7 and U1. :[[Matney-214|James Bedford Matney]] is the genetic MRCA for project members M7 and U1. ---- :[[Space:Mattingly/Matney_Surname_DNA_Project| Go back to the main page]].

---- '''Genetic Descendants of [[Matney-521| John Matney]] & Lucinda (Dean) Matney]].''' :Haplogroup: R1b-DF27/S250–>ZZ12_1–>FGC78762->ZZ19_1->Y32298->Y14084* :Y14084* Haplogroup SNPs: A23315, A23316, FT55233, FT56526, Y13607, Y13608, Y13609, Y14081, Y14082, Y14084, Y14086, Y172388, Y18449, Y18574, Y18575, Y18576, Y18577, Y18578, Y18579, Y18581 :[[Space:Mattingly/Matney_Surname_DNA_Project| Go back to the main page]]. ---- '''Participants''' :The Project has two DNA donors claiming descent from [[Matney-521| John Matney]] & Lucinda (Dean) Matney]]. *Member M14 is the grandson of [[Matney-535|Charles Talmage Matney, Sr.]] *Member M15 is the grandson of [[Matney-538|Edwin Arthur Matney ]] *M14 and M15 are second cousins. ---- '''Genetic Pedigree of [[Matney-521| John Matney]] .''' :Hover cursor over any linked patriarch name to see previews of profile key dates, parents, spouse(s) and children. :1: [[Mattingly-30|Thomas Mattingly I]] ::2: [[Mattingly-223|Cesar Mattingly]] :::3: [[Mattingly-225|John Mattingly]] MRCA: Y14083* ::::4: Unidentified Mattingly/Matney Ancestor (b. 1715-1740) :::::5: Unidentified Mattingly/Matney Ancestor (b. 1740-1765) ::::::6: Unidentified Mattingly/Matney Ancestor (b. 1765-1790) :::::::7: [[Matney-521| John Matney]] (No record of ancestors) MRCA: Y14083* ::::::::8: [[Matney-523|William Seward Matney]] MRCA: Y14083* :::::::::9: [[Matney-535|Charles Talmage Matney, Sr.]] Y14083 ::::::::::10: Living Matney :::::::::::11:M14: Y14083 (Full Y-chromosome test pending) :::::::::9: [[Matney-538|Edwin Arthur Matney ]] Y14083 ::::::::::10: [[Matney-1112|Edwin Vinson Matney]] Y14083 :::::::::::11:M15: Y14083* (Full Y-chromosome test pending) ---- '''Conclusions''' :Participants M14 and M15 were both found to carry SNP Y14084. :Participants M14 and M15 were found to carry SNP Y14083 indicating they descend from [[Mattingly-223|Cesar Mattingly]]. This is consistent with all other Matney's in the Project. :Participant M15 was found to be negative for any SNP that would place him in any of the known sub-slads of [[Mattingly-223|Cesar Mattingly]] suggesting he and possibly participant M14 may reside in a new, previously undefined, sub-clad of haplogroup Y14083*. :Full Y-chromosome testing is pending for participant M14. :The paternal ancestors of M14 and M15 can be traced through census records back to their 1st great grandfather, [[Matney-523|William Seward Matney]]. :1860 census records also place [[Matney-523|William Seward Matney]] in the household of [[Matney-521| John Matney]] & Lucinda (Dean) Matney who were living in Lawrence County, Kentucky at the time. :No records have been found documenting the ancestors of [[Matney-521| John Matney]]. One family tree on Geneanet indicated John was the son of [[Mattingly-284|Clement Mattingly]], Clement being the son of [[Mattingly-28|Thomas Mattingly III]] and grandson of [[Mattingly-29|Thomas Mattingly II]] (brother of [[Mattingly-223|Cesar Mattingly]]). The fact that paternal descendants M14 and M15 carry SNP Y14083 precludes this connection to [[Mattingly-29|Thomas Mattingly II]] since this SNP has never been found in any of his descendants. :The DNA study of the descendants of [[Matney-521| John Matney]] & Lucinda (Dean) Matney]] is an attempt to define their Y-chromosome genetic profile in hopes it can be linked to other known Mattingly-Matney ancestors. ---- '''Most Recent Common Ancestors (MRCA)''' :[[Matney-521| John Matney]] is the genetic MRCA of project members M14 and M15. :[[Matney-523|William Seward Matney]] is the genetic MRCA of project members M14 and M15. ---- :[[Space:Mattingly/Matney_Surname_DNA_Project| Go back to the main page]].

---- '''Genetic Descendants of [[Mattingly-29|Thomas Mattingly II]]''' :Haplogroup: R1b-DF27/S250–>ZZ12_1–>FGC78762->ZZ19_1->Y32298->Y14084* :Y14084* Haplogroup SNPs: A23315, A23316, FT55233, FT56526, Y13607, Y13608, Y13609, Y14081, Y14082, Y14084, Y14086, Y172388, Y18449, Y18574, Y18575, Y18576, Y18577, Y18578, Y18579, Y18581 :[[Space:Mattingly/Matney_Surname_DNA_Project| Go back to the main page]]. ---- '''Participants''' :The Project has six DNA donors descending from the sons of [[Mattingly-60|Ignatius Mattingly Sr.]], son of Thomas Mattingly II. *Members T1, T2 and T3 descend from [[Mattingly-62|Leonard "Old Leonard" Mattingly ]]. *Member T4 descends from [[Mattingly-213|William "Constable Billy" Mattingly]]. *Members T5 and T6 descend from [[Mattingly-141|Ignatius Mattingly Jr.]]. ---- '''Genetic Pedigree of [[Mattingly-29|Thomas Mattingly II]]''' :Hover cursor over any linked patriarch name to see previews of profile key dates, parents, spouse(s) and children. :1: [[Mattingly-30|Thomas Mattingly I]] ::2: [[Mattingly-29|Thomas Mattingly II]] :::3: [[Mattingly-60|Ignatius Mattingly Sr.]] ::::4: [[Mattingly-62|Leonard "Old Leonard" Mattingly ]] :::::5: [[Mattingly-210|Leonard Mattingly Jr.]] MRCA: Y20214 ::::::6: [[Mattingly-684|William Cissell Mattingly]] Y20214 :::::::7: [[Mattingly-683|John Martin Mattingly]] ::::::::8: [[Mattingly-682|Liston Taylor Mattingly]] :::::::::9: [[Mattingly-685|William Taylor Mattingly]] MRCA: Y20214-> Y20213 ::::::::::10: T1: Y20214->Y20213 ::::::::::10: T2: Y20214->Y20213 ::::::6: [[Mattingly-699|Henry Martin Mattingly]] Y20214 :::::::7: [[Mattingly-697|Henry Thomas Vinson Mattingly]] ::::::::8: [[Mattingly-706|John Thomas McCleland Mattingly]] :::::::::9: [[Mattingly-861|Joseph McCleland Mattingly]] ::::::::::10: T3: Y20214 ::::4: [[Mattingly-213|William "Constable Billy" Mattingly]] :::::5: [[Mattingly-827|Felix Mattingly]] ::::::6: [[Mattingly-832|Felix Grundy Mattingly]] :::::::7: [[Mattingly-844|John Thomas Mattingly]] ::::::::8: T4: Y14084* ::::4: [[Mattingly-141|Ignatius Mattingly Jr.]] :::::5: [[Mattingly-140|Ignatius Mattingly III]] ::::::6: [[Mattingly-591|Thomas Jefferson Mattingly]] :::::::7: [[Mattingly-596|Edward Mattingly]] ::::::::8: [[Mattingly-1127|Leroy Teichmueller Mattingly]] :::::::::9: [[Mattingly-1176|William Edward Mattingly]] MRCA: FT61324 ::::::::::10: T5: FT61324 ::::::::::10: Living :::::::::::11: T6: FT61324 ---- '''Conclusions''' :All the participants were found to carry the Y-chromosome mutations identified in the Y14084* SNP group believed to be carried by [[Mattingly-30|Thomas Mattingly I]]. :SNP Y20214 was found in the Y-chromosome of participants T1, T2 and T3. This SNP defines a sub-clad under haplogroup Y14084*. Since T1 and T2 descend from one son of [[Mattingly-210|Leonard Mattingly Jr.]], and T3 descends from another son of [[Mattingly-210|Leonard Mattingly Jr.]], it can be concluded [[Mattingly-210|Leonard Mattingly Jr.]] also carried SNP Y20214 and passed this mutation to all of his sons. :Additional DNA testing of descendants of other sons of [[Mattingly-62|Leonard "Old Leonard" Mattingly ]] is warranted to determine if SNP he is the progenitor of SNP Y20214. If SNP Y20214 is not present, then [[Mattingly-210|Leonard Mattingly Jr.]] would be the progenitor of SNP Y20214. :We know [[Mattingly-60|Ignatius Mattingly Sr.]] did not carry SNP Y20214 because it was not found in his descendants T4, T5 and T6. :SNP Y20213 was found in participants T1 and T2 but not in participantT3. SNP Y20213 establishes a sub-clad and terminal SNP under haplogroup Y20214* Where SNP Y20213 originated is not clear. It could have formed in any of the generations at or below [[Mattingly-684|William Cissell Mattingly]]. :SNP FT61324 was found in participants T5 and T6 but not in participants T1, T2, T3 or T4. SNP FT61323 establishes a sub-clad and terminal SNP under haplogroup Y14084*. The origin of SNP FT61324 is not clear. This SNP could have formed in any of the generations at or below [[Mattingly-141|Ignatius Mattingly Jr.]] It is clear that [[Mattingly-1176|William Edward Mattingly]] carried this SNP because two of his sons (T5 and father of T6) were carriers. :Additional DNA testing of descendants of other sons of [[Mattingly-141|Ignatius Mattingly Jr.]] is warranted to determine if SNP he is the progenitor of SNPs FT61634, FT453253 and FT61324. :SNPs Y20213, Y20214 and FT61324 were not found in the descendants of [[Mattingly-223|Cesar "Cezar" Mattingly]], younger brother of [[Mattingly-29|Thomas Mattingly II]]. ---- '''Most Recent Common Ancestors (MRCA)''' :[[Mattingly-210|Leonard Mattingly Jr.]] is the genetic MRCA of project members T1, T2 and T3. He is identified as a carrier of SNP Y20214 since descendants of two of his sons carry this SNP. :[[Mattingly-685|William Taylor Mattingly]] is the genetic MRCA of project members T1 and T2. He is identified as a carrier of SNP Y20213 since two of his sons carry this SNP. :[[Mattingly-1176|William Edward Mattingly]] is the genetic MRCA of project members T5 and T6. He is identified as a carrier of SNPs FT61634, FT453253 and FT61324 since one son and a descendant of another son carry these SNPs. ---- :[[Space:Mattingly/Matney_Surname_DNA_Project| Go back to the main page]].

---- '''Genetic Descendants of [[Matney-93|Walter Mattingly/Matney Sr.]]''' :Haplogroup: R1b-DF27/S250–>ZZ12_1–>FGC78762->ZZ19_1->Y32298->Y14084* :Y14084* Haplogroup SNPs: A23315, A23316, FT55233, FT56526, Y13607, Y13608, Y13609, Y14081, Y14082, Y14084, Y14086, Y172388, Y18449, Y18574, Y18575, Y18576, Y18577, Y18578, Y18579, Y18581 :[[Space:Mattingly/Matney_Surname_DNA_Project| Go back to the main page]]. ---- '''Participants''' :The Project has seven DNA donors descending from [[Matney-93|Walter Mattingly/Matney Sr.]]. *Members M1, M6, M10 and M12 descend from [[Matney-92|Walter Matney Jr.]] *Members M2 and M5 descend from [[Matney-97|Broadwater Matney]]. *Member M9 is believed a descendant from [[Matney-92|Walter Matney Jr.]] The last name at birth of this member is not any of the surname derivatives of Mattingly or Matney. ---- '''Genetic Pedigree of [[Matney-93|Walter Mattingly/Matney Sr.]]''' :Hover cursor over any linked patriarch name to see previews of profile key dates, parents, spouse(s) and children. :1: [[Mattingly-30|Thomas Mattingly I]] MRCA: Y14084* ::2: [[Mattingly-223|Cesar Mattingly]] :::3: [[Mattingly-225|John Mattingly]] MRCA: Y14083* ::::4: [[Matney-93|Walter Mattingly/Matney Sr.]] MRCA: Y14083->Y85450 :::::5: [[Matney-92|Walter Matney Jr.]] MRCA: Y14083->Y85450 ::::::6: [[Matney-111|John Walter Matney]] (Twin son) :::::::7: [[Matney-235|Robert E. Matney]] ::::::::8: [[Matney-435|Lloyd Albert Matney]] :::::::::9: [[Matney-444|Dennis Lloyd Matney]] ::::::::::10: Living Matney :::::::::::11: M1 (See Note 1): Y14083->Y85450 ::::::6: [[Matney-111|Walter John Matney III]] (Twin son) :::::::7: [[Matney-250|Walter (Watt) Matney]] ::::::::8: [[Matney-510|Fullen Matney]] :::::::::9: [[Matney-1081|Alva Holland Matney]] ::::::::::10: [[Matney-1096|Carl L. Matney]] :::::::::::11: M12 (See Note 2): Y14083->Y85450 ::::::6: [[Matney-157|David Matney]] Y14083->Y85450 :::::::7: [[Matney-177|Elijah C. (Lige) Matney]] ::::::::8: [[Matney-384|David Matney]] :::::::::9: M6: Y14083->Y85450 :::::::7: [[Matney-176|David Earl Matney Jr.]] ::::::::8: [[Matney-301|Wade Matney]] :::::::::9: [[Matney-316|Jessee Lee Matney]] ::::::::::10: M10: Y14083->Y85450 ::::::6: William Charles Matney (possible ancestor) :::::::7: Unidentified Matney Ancestor ::::::::8: Biological Father :::::::::9: M9: Y14083->Y85450 ::::4: William Carrell Matney :::::5: [[Matney-97|Broadwater Matney]] MRCA: Y14083->Y85450 ::::::6: [[Matney-482|Walter Jefferson Matney]] Y14083->Y85450 :::::::7: [[Matney-483|William Henry Matney]] ::::::::8: [[Matney-484|James Harold Matney]] :::::::::9: M5 Y14083->Y85450 ::::::6: [[Matney-260|John Alexander Matney]] Y14083, Y85450 :::::::7: [[Matney-259|Isaac Noah Matney]] ::::::::8: [[Matney-258|Tyree Jones Matney]] :::::::::9: [[Matney-257|Ted F. Matney]] ::::::::::10: Living Matney :::::::::::12: M2 Y14083->Y85450 :Note 1: A comprehensive SNP Y-chromosome test was not completed for Project Member M1. He had complete the Y-111 STR Panel which resulted in a match to other Project Members. Only the DF27 pack test and tests for individual SNPs Y14083 and Y85450 were completed. He was found to be Y14084+, Y14083+ and Y85450+ and presumed positive for the Y14084 Group SNPs: :Note 2: A comprehensive SNP Y-chromosome test was not completed for Project Member M12. Tests for individual SNPs Y14083, Y14084 and Y85450 were ordered. He was found to be Y14084+, Y14083+ and Y85450+ ---- '''Conclusions''' :Participants M2, M5, M6, M9 and M10 were found to carry the Y-chromosome mutations identified in the Y14084* SNP group believed to be carried by [[Mattingly-30|Thomas Mattingly I]]. Participants M1 and M12 were tested only for SNP Y14084 of this group and were found to carry this SNP. :SNP Y14083 was found in all participants indicating they are descendants of [[Mattingly-223|Cesar Mattingly]]. :SNP Y85450 was found in all participants. This is a new SNP defining a new sub-clad under haplogroup Y14083*. SNP Y85450 was not found in any other Project member and is limited to this group. :Was [[Mattingly-225|John Mattingly]], son of [[Mattingly-223|Cesar Mattingly]], the progenitor of SNP Y85450? No. If [[Mattingly-225|John Mattingly]] carried SNP Y85450, it would also appears in the descendants of his other sons. None of the descendants of his son, [[Mattingly-250|Richard Mattingly Sr.]], or the descendants of his son, [[Mattingly-258|John Baptist Mattingly Jr.]], carry SNP Y85450. The conclusion is [[Matney-93|Walter Mattingly/Matney Sr.]] was most likely the progenitor of SNP Y85450. :Some genealogies show [[Matney-98|William Carrell Matney]], born in England, as the father of [[Matney-97|Broadwater Matney]]. [[Matney-97|Broadwater Matney]] had to inherit SNPs Y14083 and Y85450 from his father. It is highly unlikely and statistically improbable these SNPs originated in England concurrently with their American cousins. Either [[Matney-98|William Carrell Matney]] was not born in England or [[Matney-98|William Carrell Matney]] is not the father of [[Matney-97|Broadwater Matney]]. :Genealogical traditional has long held that Walter Matney, Broadwater Matney and Brooks Matney are brothers. It is clear [[Matney-92|Walter Matney Jr.]] and [[Matney-97|Broadwater Matney]] share a common genetic ancestor. [[Matney-92|Walter Matney Jr.]] passed SNP Y85450 to his sons and their descendants. [[Matney-97|Broadwater Matney]] also passed SNP Y85450 to his sons and their descendants. [[Matney-92|Walter Matney Jr.]] and [[Matney-97|Broadwater Matney]] inherited SNP Y85450 from a common ancestor. [[Matney-98|William Carrell Matney]] cannot be the brother of [[Matney-93|Walter Mattingly/Matney Sr.]] because that would imply [[Mattingly-225|John Mattingly]] as the progenitor of SNPs Y85450 which he is not. There are two possible alternatives:

1. If [[Matney-98|William Carrell Matney]] is a brother of [[Matney-93|Walter Mattingly/Matney Sr.]] then neither decend from [[Mattingly-225|John Mattingly]].
2. It is possilbe [[Matney-98|William Carrell Matney]] and [[Matney-93|Walter Mattingly/Matney Sr.]] descend from [[Mattingly-928|Thomas Mattingly]], younger brother of [[Mattingly-225|John Mattingly]]. This assumes [[Mattingly-223|Cesar Mattingly]] was the progenitor of Y14083. (See [[Space:Thomas_Mattingly_Son_Of_Cezar|Thomas Mattingly, Son of Cezar]])

:Project member M9 carries terminal SNP Y85450 and shares 141 centiMorgan autosome DNA with project member M6. The autosome match is indicative of half third cousins sharing a common set of second great grandparents. The second great grandfather of M6 is [[Matney-92|Walter Matney Jr.]]. DNA evidence suggests a non-parental event introduced Matney DNA into the paternal ancestors of M9. The male descendants of [[Matney-682|William Charles Matney]] lived in close proximity to the parents and grandparents of project member M9. And one son of [[Matney-682|William Charles Matney]] married a first cousin of the grandfather of project member M9. Additional DNA testing of descendants of brothers or uncles of M9 to determine where the Matney DNA was introduced. ---- '''Most Recent Common Ancestors (MRCA)''' :[[Matney-93|Walter Mattingly/Matney Sr.]] is the genetic MRCA of project members M1, M2, M5, M6, M9, M10 and M12. :[[Matney-92|Walter Matney Jr.]] is the genetic MRCA of project members M1, M6,M9, M10 and M12. : [[Matney-97|Broadwater Matney]] is the genetic MRCA of project members M2 and M5. ---- :[[Space:Mattingly/Matney_Surname_DNA_Project| Go back to the main page]].

---- '''Genetic Descendants of [[Matney-871|William Henry Matney]]''' :Haplogroup: R1b-DF27/S250–>ZZ12_1–>FGC78762->ZZ19_1->Y32298->Y14084* :Y14084* Haplogroup SNPs: A23315, A23316, FT55233, FT56526, Y13607, Y13608, Y13609, Y14081, Y14082, Y14084, Y14086, Y172388, Y18449, Y18574, Y18575, Y18576, Y18577, Y18578, Y18579, Y18581 :[[Space:Mattingly/Matney_Surname_DNA_Project| Go back to the main page]]. ---- '''Participants''' :The Project has one DNA donors descending from [[Matney-871|William Henry Matney]]. *Member M11 is the 4th great grandson of [[Matney-871|William Henry Matney]]. ---- '''Genetic Pedigree of [[Matney-871|William Henry Matney]]''' :Hover cursor over any linked patriarch name to see previews of profile key dates, parents, spouse(s) and children. :1: [[Mattingly-30|Thomas Mattingly I]] ::2: [[Mattingly-223|Cesar Mattingly]] :::3: [[Mattingly-225|John Mattingly]] MRCA: Y14083* ::::4: Edward [[Matney-93|Walter Mattingly/Matney Sr.]]? :::::5: John Matney (No proof or records) ::::::6: [[Matney-871|William Henry Matney]] Y14083* :::::::7: [[Matney-325|John Andrew Matney]] Y14083* ::::::::8: [[Matney-331|Joseph Grant Matney]]Y14083* :::::::::9: [[Matney-870|Russell Alfonso Matney]]Y14083* ::::::::::10: Living Matney :::::::::::11: Living Matney ::::::::::::12: M11: Y14083* ---- '''Conclusions''' :Participant M11 was tested only for SNP Y14084 of the :Y14084* Haplogroup SNPs:group and was found to carry Y14084. :M11 was found to carry SNP Y14083 indicating he descends from [[Mattingly-223|Cesar Mattingly]]. :M11 was found negative for SNP Y85450 indicating he does not descend from [[Matney-93|Walter Mattingly/Matney Sr.]] :The paternal ancestors of M11 can be traced through census records beginning with his 1st great grandfather, [[Matney-870|Russell Alfonso Matney]] back to [[Matney-871|William Henry Matney]]. The Virginia Death Record for [[Matney-871|William Henry Matney]], identifies the given name of William Henry's father as John. :M11 claims: I believe I am a direct male descendant of Thomas Mattingly II. I believe there was a name split after John Mattingly Sr after a move to Virginia, my 6th great grand father on my fathers side is Edward Walter Matney (Revolutionary War Vet), his father was John Mattingly Sr. With his mother being Grace Brewer. *DNA evidence disproves the claim to be a direct male descendant of [[Mattingly-29|Thomas Mattingly II]]. No descendants of [[Mattingly-29|Thomas Mattingly II]] have been found to carry SNP Y14083. This is consistent with all other Matney participants in the Project. All Matney participants thus far in the Project carry SNP Y14083. *The surname split when John Mattingly Sr. moved to Virginia is consistent with what is known of [[Mattingly-225|John Mattingly]], son of [[Mattingly-223|Cesar Mattingly]]. Mattingly genealogists believe him to be the John Matney on a post-1705 Rent Roll for a 150 acre tract, "The Thames", in St Clement's Hundred in St Mary's County, MD that was owned by Cezar in 1705. The name John Matney also appeared on a 1717 warrant of survey for "Mattingly's Addition", a 50A parcel in St Mary's County. *We believe [[Mattingly-225| John Mattingly Sr.]] and his wife [[Brewer-1920|Grace Brewer]] had a young son [[Matney-93|Walter Mattingly/Matney Sr.]]. Whether this is Edward Walter Matney, the 6th great grandfather of M11, seems unlikely given the absence of SNP Y85450 in the Y-chromosome of M11. SNP Y85450 has been found is all Project members who are descendants of [[Matney-93|Walter Mattingly/Matney Sr.]]. *There were two Walter Matney's living about the same time. :#[[Matney-93|Walter Mattingly/Matney Sr.]], born about 1738 in Maryland, married Mary Polly Smith, and died about 11 March 1799 in Virginia. This record has a tombstone photo showing Walter to be a Revolutionary War veteran. The profile manager indicates presumes Mary Polly Elswick and Mary Polly Smith to be the same person. :#[https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXJZ-QJP Edward Walter Matney], born about 1748 in Prince George's County, Maryland, 38 in Maryland, married Mary Polly Elswick in 1770, died about 11 March 1799 in Patterson, Buchanan County, Virginia. William Carrell Matney is listed as a son. John is listed as a son of William Carrell Matney. This genealogy seem sourced at Ancestry.com seems to fit the claims and what historical scant records are available. If true, then why is M11 negative for SNP Y85450. :Another DNA sample from other sons descending from [[Matney-871|William Henry Matney]] or [[Matney-325|John Andrew Matney]] would be useful to determine if a new and unique subclad exists for this particular lineage. ---- '''Most Recent Common Ancestors (MRCA)''' :None identified. Need a second corroborating Y-chromosome test on close male relative of M11. ---- :[[Space:Mattingly/Matney_Surname_DNA_Project| Go back to the main page]].

Genetic Genealogy is about using DNA (deoxyribo-nucleic-acid) to uncover information about our ancestors and improve our understanding of how we are all in some way connected. To start off this subject, I will detail how I have been utilising Y-DNA to uncover information about my father, William Early. "Early" is the anglicised form of the old Irish sept name: "Ó Maolmhocheirghe". References: 1. http://www.libraryireland.com/names/om/o-maolmhochoir.php 2. http://genforum.genealogy.com/ireland/messages/31600.html 3. http://clanmaclochlainn.com/R1b1c7/ 4. http://www.isogg.org/wiki/NW_Irish 5. http://clanmaclochlainn.com/R1b1c7/gael.pdf 6. http://www.irishtype3dna.org/index.php 7. http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Niall_of_the_Nine_Hostages 8. http://www.libraryireland.com/biography/NialloftheNineHostages.php 9. http://celtopedia.druidcircle.net/index.php?title=Niall_of_the_Nine_Hostages

[[Turvey-1213|Ben Turvey (c1680-1746)]] was married in Wotton-under-Edge, Gloucestershire in 1703, where he died in 1746. He has [https://www.wikitree.com/treewidget/Turvey-1213/890#Y 77 male line descendents] on WikiTree, most of whom lived in or near Bristol. One of his descendents, [[Turvey-154]], has been genetically tested. This article is largely based on those results. It is assumed that the paper trail to Ben Turvey is consistent with the genetic inheritance, which could be confirmed (or disproved) by testing of other lines in future. ''See also: [[Space:History of the Turvey surname]]'' The hereditary surname "Turvey" is believed to have originated around 1200 as a locational name relating to the parish of Turvey in Bedfordshire. Over the next 200 years, nearly all of the people called Turvey named in sources come from nearby counties. However, a third of all Turveys today are descended from a cluster of Turvey families in Worcestershire and neighbouring counties, including the descendents of [[Turvey-460|Francis Turvey (c1680-)]] of Pershore and [[Turvey-766|John Turvey (1665-)]] of Dudley. In the 1841 census, Pershore had the largest number of Turvey families of any parish in the country, showing how important it was for the family. The Dudley and Wotton Turveys may be branches of the Pershore line although proof is lacking as there is no paper trail back to Pershore and there has been no published genetic testing of either the Pershore or Dudley lines. The Pershore Turvey family seems to have emerged from Richard Turvey of Walcot, who was born around 1470. This family acquired the manor of Walcot in the parish of Pershore in the second half of the 1400s. Members of this family were listed as yeoman or gentry over the next 200 years, although the main property of the Turveys of Walcot passed out of the male line in 1658 when Elizabeth Turvey inherited her father's estate, passing it to her son, the Earl of Plymouth. The haplogroup of Turvey-154 is I1. The haplogroups of [[Space:History of the Turvey surname#Genetic ancestry|six other Turveys]] have beeen published, of whom five are R1b and one is J1. Two of the R1bs are from counties near Bedfordshire ([[Turvey-267|John Turvey (c1700-)]] of Eaton Bray, Beds and [[Turvey-1952|Samuel Turvey (1705-)]] of Romford, Essex), two others are from English colonies ([[Turvey-2085|Daniel Turvey (c1750-)]] of Virginia and [[Turvey-90|John Turvey (1738-)]] of South Africa) and one ([[Turvey-508]]) is unknown. It seems reasonable to assume that the original Turvey ancestor was an R1b. The I1 Haplogroup could have emerged either from a different original surname-bearer or through a non-parental event (NPE) such as an adoption, maternal remarriage, bastardy or cuckolding.See for instance, Genetic Signatures of Coancestry within Surnames, Turi E. King, Stéphane J. Ballereau, Kevin E. Schürer, Mark A. Jobling, Current Biology, Volume 16, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 384-388, ISSN 0960-9822, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2005.12.048, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960982206000650 Given the absense of Turveys in or around Worcestershire in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries (by which time hereditary surnames had been established) it seems less likely that the haplogroup difference was due to a separate original surname-bearer. If it is due to an NPE then it's unclear whether this affects all of the Pershore cluster, only the Wotton line or indeed relates to an NPE in the paper trail between Ben Turvey and Turvey-154. Comparison to other tests show a match within the last 700 years with five individuals called Wilkinson or variants Wilkerson and Wilkey. This indicates that the NPE may be with a Wilkinson. This surname is derived form the patronymic Wilkins-son, where Wilkins is a diminutive form of William typically used in northern England in particular the Danelaw.

DNA research '''[[Twiss-132|Frank A Twiss]], Iowa, USA''' *Comparing Kit GC6351279 (Tom Blumer) [23andMe] and Kit MH5759964 (*Britts Twiss) **Estimated number of generations to MRCA = 7.5 '''[[Twiss-221|Frederick Ralph Twiss]],Camberwell, Southwark, London & NSW ''' *Comparing Kit EK9445752 (Toni Cotten) [Ancestry] and Kit MH5759964 (*Britts Twiss) [Oxford (FTDNA)] **Estimated number of generations to MRCA = 7.5 '''[[Twiss-131|Walter Myron Twiss]], Iowa & Nebraska''' *Comparing Kit MH5759964 (*Britts Twiss) [Oxford (FTDNA)] and Kit GC6351279 (Tom Blumer) [23andMe] **Estimated number of generations to MRCA = 7.5 === Poyser=== '''[[Poyser-212|Alice Mary Poyser]], Derbyshire''' *Comparing Kit CN2051841 (*jpoyser) [MyHeritage] and Kit MH5759964 (*Britts Twiss) [Oxford (FTDNA)] **Estimated number of generations to MRCA = 7.4 '''[[Poyser-68|Andrew Poyser]], Ohio''' '''[[Poyser-22|Ann (Poyser) Elliot]], Pensylvania'''

Ellen Ferguson (Collins) carried a genetic pre-disposition for Deep Vein Thrombosis - Protein S and Protein C deficiency. FOURTEEN of her descendants (that I know of) have been affected by this. Ellen DIED of complications associate with this condition as well as THREE of her descendants - one daughter and two granddaughters. This is a condition which can be prevented from becoming fatal if you know you have it. I would VERY STRONGLY urge anyone who descends from Ellen (and possibly her mother Ada Collins nee Ferguson) to get tested for Protein S & Protein C deficiency. All it takes is a simple blood test. Please make sure you tell your doctor that you have a FAMILY HISTORY of this condition (as it ticks all the boxes for medicare). Also please note: this is a condition that is especially dangerous for pregnant women. Links for more information about the conditions ::Protein S Deficiency :::http://www.proteinsdeficiency.com :::http://www.med.illinois.edu/hematology/PtProtS.htm ::Protein C Deficiency :::http://www.med.illinois.edu/hematology/PtProtC.htm :::http://voices.yahoo.com/what-protein-c-deficiency-simple-answers-basic-3618893.html ::Protein C & S Deficiency :::http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000559.htm ::Protein C & S Deficiency Test :::http://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/protein-c-and-s/tab/glance :Ellen Ferguson aka Collins http://www.WikiTree.com/wiki/Ferguson-2839 :Ada Collins nee. Ferguson http://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Ferguson-2837

Geni says; You are connected to 88,399,408 people on Geni.

== Gentleman == Notes on the the rank of gentleman, with some comments on its use as a Suffix in WikiTree profiles. === Gentlemen as Armigers === KeenKeen, Maurice. Heraldry and Hierarchy: Esquires and Gentlemen. pp 94-108 in: Orders and Hierarchies in Late Medieval and Renaissance Europe. Jeffrey Denton (Editor). 1999. discussed the extension of the range of those capable of being armigerous in late medieval England. He began with the heraldic rolls for knights in the 13th and 14th centuries and took the story about as far as Henry VIII. In summary, he argued that only knights were recognised as armigerous in the time of Edward II. The rank of Gentleman caught on particularly after the statute of additions in 1413 which, according to Keen, associated gentlemen with a martial function. Esquires and Gentlemen were recognised as armigerous in the days of Henry VII and Henry VIII. Keen estimated that by 1500 there were: * 60 peers * 500 knights * 800 Esquires * 5000 gentleman entitled to a coat of arms === The Visitations in England and Wales === From the early 16th century to the late 17th century the Heralds carried out Visitations, county by county, in order to regulate the use of arms. The Visitations produced a collection of pedigrees of families with the right to bear arms. The Heraldic Visitation of Wales is of particular interest because the actual brief for the Visitation was recorded.Heraldic Visitations of Wales and part of the Marches. Sir Samuel Rush Meyrick. Vol I, 1846, p xxiii [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiug.30112037684328&view=1up&seq=33&skin=2021 HathiTrust]. The patent for the Visitation dated 03 Feb 1585/1586 indicated that the purpose was: : “… to record, register, and make entrances of all the discentes, mariages, funeralles and obites of the knightes, esquires, and gentlemen inhabitinge within the said principalitie …” In 1663, Charles II commissioned "Sir Edward Bishe knight Clarencieux King of Armes of the south east and west parts of our realme of England from the river of Trent southwards .. to visit all the said province and all South Wales" … and ..."att such certayne places and convenient times as hee his deputy or deputyes shall appoint all manner of person or persons that doe or pretende to beare armes or are styled esquire or gentleman within all the aforesaid parts of our realme of England and South Wales and to cause all such persons then and there to produce and show forth by what authority and right they doe challenge and clayme the same".Squibb, G D. Munimenta Heraldica MCCCCLXXXIV to MCMLXXXIV. Publications of the Harleian Society. New Series Volume 4, 1985, pp 132-135. There is a copy of a printed Visitation Summons Form of 1664 for BerkshireSquibb, G D. Munimenta Heraldica MCCCCLXXXIV to MCMLXXXIV. Publications of the Harleian Society. New Series Volume 4, 1985, pp 141-142. which required those claiming arms in the county to appears at a specified date and place "for the Registering their Descents, and justifying their Titles of Esquires and Gentleman, as their right to such Coats of Arms and Crests, which they usually shew forth and bear." A Visitation Disclaimer of 1666Squibb, G D. Munimenta Heraldica MCCCCLXXXIV to MCMLXXXIV. Publications of the Harleian Society. New Series Volume 4, 1985, p 142. listed those "taking upon us the Names and Titles of Esquires or Gentleman: and not being able to shew any good proofe or right to either of those Titles; not knowing of any Armes belonging to us, do hereby disclaime all such Attributes and Armes". In some of the published Visitations such as the one for Wiltshire 1623, there is a list of those persons whose claim to bear arms was denied.The Visitation of Wiltshire 1623. Edited by George W Marshall. 1882, p 104 [https://archive.org/details/visitationofwilt00sainrich/page/104/mode/2up Internet Archive]. === Armigers and the Gentry === On his website VeldeVelde, François R. Heraldica.org [https://www.heraldica.org/topics/britain/england2.htm Link]. discusses a number of issues with the heraldic system including the use of the rank of gentleman. : “A law of 1413 required that the social status or occupation be indicated in all legal proceedings, and soon after one sees the adoption of the term gentleman to designate small landholders whose lifestyle placed them above franklins or yeomen.” : “Coke (2 Inst. 688) follows Sir William Camden (1551-1623, Clarenceux king of arms) who defines as esquire the eldest sons of knights and their eldest sons in perpetuity, the eldest sons of younger sons of peers and their eldest sons in perpetuity, esquires so created by the king, and esquires by office such as justices of the peace and those holding office of trust under the crown. Gentlemen are those who bear coat armour.” : “Since the heralds tried to enforce the equation of gentry with armigerous, those who became part of the gentry (in the social sense), in the sense that they and their neighbours saw them as gentlemen, would naturally assume at least the style of "Gent." Heralds who disagreed would require them to sign disclaimers, statements by which the individuals renounced the use of arms or style of gentleman.” Velde refers to the comments of Sir Thomas Smith (in De Republica Anglorum, 1584, p. 27) who was Regius Professor of Civil Law at Cambridge: : "As for gentlemen they be made good cheape in England. For whosoever studieth the lawes of the realme, who studieth in the Universities, who professeth liverall sciences, and to be short, who can live idly and without manuall labor, and will bear the port, charge and countenance of a gentleman, he shall be called master, for that is the title which men give to esquires and other gentlemen, and shall be taken for a gentleman; for true it is with us as is said, Tanti eris aliis quanti ibi feceris; (and if need be) a king of heraulds shall also give him for money armes newly made and invented, the title whereof shall pretend to have beene found by the sayd Herauld in perusing and viewing olde registers, where his auncestrors in times past had bin recorded to beare the same; or he will do it more truely and of better faith, he will write that for the merites of that man and certain qualities which he doth see in him, and for sundrie noble actes which he hath perfourmed, he by the authoritie which he hath as king of heraldes and armes, giveth to him and to his heires these and these armes, which being done he may be called a squire, for he beareth ever after those armes." Velde also refers to Bankton (Institute of the Laws of Scotland, 1751, Book I, Title II, 45) who described the institutions of Scotland and compared them with England: : “Private persons are distinguished into noblemen, knights, barons, gentlemen, heritors, burgesses, yeomen and servants" "The nobility are of different degrees, as lords, viscounts, earls, marquisses and dukes; but all of them are of the same order of peers" (§29). "Gentleman, in a proper sense, may be applied to all above yeomen: the nobility are nobiles majores, the higher or the greater, and the gentry nobiles minores, the lower or lesser nobility. But gentleman, in ordinary discourse, extends only to those under noblemen, and above the commonality; but as a distinct title, constituting a different rank of persons, it must be limited to those under barons and freeholders, and above common feuars, and such are classed with burgessses; therefore, in this sense, those who are descended of barons and freeholders, or of those of superior dignities, are gentlemen; they are generally honoured with the title of esquire, while they support the dignity of their birth, tho' of old they had no other designation than that of gentleman; and of late those of the laicks that have such offices as become gentlemen, as that of a physician, &c. are commonly thought entitled to the rank and degree of esquire. Offices of distinction, civil, military, and ecclesiastical, create those that enjoy them gentlemen: such likewise, as by their virtuous behaviour and worthy deportment have acquired the reputation of gentlemen". Velde goes on to say : “What criteria the heralds used to determine who was a gentleman is not entirely clear. The traditional presumption is that a gentleman was someone who was entitled to bear arms ("gentleman of coat-armor"). But this definition does not correspond to the social reality of the 17th century gentry. People moved up into the gentry, successful city merchants buying country estates, or rich yeomen accumulating enough land to live from its income. Conversely, younger sons of the gentry who did not inherit enough land, or lost it through adverse fortune or squandering, dropped out of the gentry.” and : “We can understand the heralds' flexibility in allowing arms as a consequence of the fact that the class of armigers (defined by the law of arms) and the gentry did not and could not coincide. The class of armigers was therefore modified, on an ad-hoc and discretionary basis, to fit the social reality of the gentry.” === Use of the Rank of Gentleman in Wills === Wills give an indication of the rank of gentleman being used in legal documents. Searching for Gent* on the National Archives website within the record collection PROB11 gave the following [as of May 2023]: : Period____ : Hits : 1300-1399 : 0 : 1400-1499 : 196 : 1500-1599 : 4,177 : 1600-1699 : 23,914 : 1700-1799 : 35,865 : 1800-1858 : 50,066 What do these results imply? * Clearly, the rank of Gentleman was important enough for it to be used to describe someone (and for it to find its way into the index entries of the National Archives database) and its use grew steadily from the 15th century to the 19th century. * The data must also reflect the widening out of the use of the term from simply those men of armigerous families. === Some Examples === [[Hulbert-325|Richard Hulbert]] of Imber, Wiltshire, was referred to as a gentleman at his marriages of 1609 and 1620 and in his will of 1635. However, his claim at the Visitation of Wiltshire 1623 was denied. [[Richman-328| Anthony Richman]] of Brinkworth, Wiltshire, and Ashbury, Berkshire, was referred to as a Gent at his marriage of 1608 and in his will of 1650. Was he of an armigerous family? Here we have conflicting evidence: * There is no record of this family in the Wiltshire or Berkshire Visitations. * His father was recorded as a Gent in his will of 1625. * His grandfather and great grandfather were referred to as Yeomen. * There were arms connected with his daughter Lucy (Richmond) Wildman as follows: : Arms on the monument to John Wildman and Lucy (Richman) Wildman at Shrivenham, Berkshire:Monuments to Sir John Wildman. David Nash Ford's Royal Berkshire History [http://www.berkshirehistory.com/churches/shrivenham_jwildman.html Link1] [https://www.berkshirehistory.com/articles/lrichmond_jwildman.html Link2]. : Or, on a pale az. 3 bezants [Wildman] : Or, on a bend engrailed gules 3 cross crosslets or. [Richmond] [[Cocker-332| Christopher Cocker]] of Croft, Lincolnshire, was recorded as a Gent in his will of 1580. He was armigerous as he was noted as a son of Thomas Cocker in the Cocker pedigree in the Visitation of Cheshire.The Visitation of Cheshire 1580. The Publications of the Harleian Society. Vol XVIII. Rylands, J P (Ed). 1882. Cocker Pedigree pp 67-68 [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015025918544&view=1up&seq=94 HathiTrust]. === Comments === The guidance on the use of the Suffix field in WikiTree has evolved from a definition of “a suffix at birth” to “a suffix or post-nominal acquired during a person's lifetime if the person themselves would have included it when writing their full name”. The evidence from wills is that the rank of gentleman has been used since the 15th century to describe people. We also have many examples of the use of the term gentleman appearing in parish register entries and legal transactions. However, whether in wills or otherwise, generally someone else (e.g. a scrivener, legal clerk, or priest/vicar) was describing the person with the rank of gentleman. Would the individuals themselves have included ‘gentleman’ when writing their own name. Now there’s a question. I have come across examples of Knight Bachelors who did not use the prefix ‘Sir’ or the suffix ‘Knight’ when writing their name, they just simply wrote the name. The phrase in the WikiTree guidance is an interesting choice of words. It could be argued that the reason why someone has been recorded with the rank/suffix of Gentleman is a moot point. If they were so recorded then that it is presumably how they were known or at least how they wished to be known (in legal documents at least). Is it possible to define a cut off date by which the use of the term gentleman evolved from being 'a man of an armigerous family' to a broader use? It seems unlikely that a cut off date could be defined, it is not unusual for a word to have both a specific and a non-specific meaning in use at the same time and it is likely that the evolution of the term gentleman was complex. My own view at the moment is that I am happy to use the term gentleman as a suffix if: # There are primary sources in which the person has been described as a gentleman # There is evidence they were of an armigerous family (whether they were of a medieval armigerous family or from persons granted arms in the 16th or 17th centuries matters not). == Sources ==

This page is for storage of source images used in profiles of the various Dance family members, e.g. [[George Dance Thelder|Dance-571]] and his son [[George Dance Theyounger|Dance-570]]. Most of the images concern London England unless otherwise stated. LMA=London Metropolitan Archives

This page is gathering together images that I use in order to avoid large lists of extraneous images gathering in profile pages. Bib for 2023 Source-A-Thon is on [[:Space:M Silva WikiTree Space|Mindy Silva]]s space page: ''file=M_Silva_WikiTree_Space-331.png'' {{Image|file=M_Silva_WikiTree_Space-331.png |caption=276 Bib }}

Here are the profiles [[Riley-9287|Geoff Riley]] is currently working on. Can you help? *This list does not include [[Space:Geoff_Riley_To-Do_List_(Riley,_Perry,_Howarth_and_Hughes)|my direct ancestors]]. ''For tips see [[To-Do Lists]]. You might want to [https://www.WikiTree.com/index.php?title=Riley-9287&action=edit add a link on your profile] like this: [[Space:Geoff Riley Major To-Do List|Geoff's current to-do list]].'' {| class="wikitable sortable" cellpadding="3" !|Name !|Birth !|Notes |- | [[Parker-32945|Allen, Mary Ann (Parker) ]] || 1826-11-21 || 18 Jul — In progress, mostly gathered research, in need of bio being written |- | [[Allen-39268|Allen, Fanny ]] || 1855-00-00 || 21 Jul — In progress, needs bio — {{Red|Cannot find death record}} |- | [[Allen-39269|Allen, Jonas ]] || 1861-03-01 || to-do |- | [[Allen-39270|Allen, Jonas ]] || 1826-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Allen-39271|Allen, Annie ]] || 1859-00-00 || 16 Jul — On hold — {{Red|Cannot find death record}} |- | [[Allen-39272|Allen, Theresa ]] || 1863-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Allen-39273|Allen, James ]] || 1865-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Allen-39274|Allen, William ]] || 1867-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Allen-39276|Allen, Sarah Providence]] || 1872-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Allen-39277|Allen, Louisa ]] || 1874-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Perry-16541|Perry, Unlisted]] || || to-do |- | [[Anderson-45554|Anderson, James ]] || || to-do |- | [[Bates-11045|Bates, James ]] || 1926-10-26 || to-do |- | [[Bell-25496|Bell, Unlisted]] || || to-do |- | [[Clewer-22|Briant, Emma (Clewer) ]] || 1832-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Briant-576|Briant, Henrietta Elizabeth]] || 1853-12-00 || to-do |- | [[Briant-577|Briant, Laura Emily]] || 1855-03-00 || to-do |- | [[Briant-578|Briant, Thomas William]] || 1831-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Briant-579|Briant, Catherine Clara]] || 1859-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Briant-580|Briant, Rhoda Bertha]] || 1861-09-11 || to-do |- | [[Briant-581|Briant, George Edward]] || 1866-06-00 || to-do |- | [[Briant-582|Briant, Thomas Arthur]] || 1864-06-00 || to-do |- | [[Briant-583|Briant, Walter William]] || 1856-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Burroughs-2047|Burroughs, Authur James]] || 1882-10-11 || to-do |- | [[Hayhoe-67|Burroughs, Rose Helena (Hayhoe) ]] || 1878-12-04 || to-do |- | [[Allen-39275|Busby, Sidwin (Allen) ]] || 1869-06-00 || to-do |- | [[Busby-1690|Busby, William ]] || 1869-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Busby-1691|Busby, Alfred W]] || 1898-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Chappell-2803|Chappell, Jack ]] || || to-do |- | [[Chettle-25|Chettle, Alfred ]] || 1831-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Chettle-26|Chettle, William ]] || 1790-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Tanner-4859|Chettle, Jane (Tanner) ]] || 1790-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Chettle-27|Chettle, Jane ]] || 1815-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Chettle-28|Chettle, William ]] || 1817-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Chettle-29|Chettle, Thomas ]] || 1821-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Chettle-30|Chettle, Joseph ]] || 1823-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Chettle-31|Chettle, George ]] || 1827-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Chettle-32|Chettle, Margaret ]] || 1828-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Chettle-33|Chettle, Henry ]] || 1832-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Taylor-59435|Chettle, Grace (Taylor) ]] || 1829-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Perry-16543|Perry, Unlisted]] || || to-do |- | [[Clarke-13730|Clarke, Unlisted]] || || to-do |- | [[Clewer-19|Clewer, John ]] || 1778-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Franklin-11448|Clewer, Ann (Franklin) ]] || 1776-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Clewer-20|Clewer, William ]] || 1800-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Parker-32925|Clewer, Sarah (Parker) ]] || 1809-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Clewer-21|Clewer, Sarah Ann]] || 1830-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Colbourn-15|Colbourn, Alfred ]] || 1886-03-31 || to-do |- | [[Hutson-1022|Colbourn, Alice Martha (Hutson) ]] || 1887-09-01 || to-do |- | [[Colbourn-16|Colbourn, Alfred ]] || 1912-05-26 || to-do |- | [[Barrell-318|Colbourn, Queenie Hilda (Barrell) ]] || 1914-09-13 || to-do |- | [[Colbourn-17|Colbourn, Unlisted]] || || to-do |- | [[Colbourn-18|Colbourn, Alfred ]] || || to-do |- | [[Colbourn-19|Colbourn, Alfred ]] || 1860-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Payne-12282|Colbourn, Eliza Maria (Payne) ]] || 1865-08-29 || to-do |- | [[Colbourn-20|Colbourn, Alfred ]] || 1830-08-15 || to-do |- | [[Marsh-8145|Colbourn, Hannah (Marsh) ]] || 1828-01-13 || to-do |- | [[Colbourn-21|Colbourn, Mariah ]] || 1851-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Colbourn-22|Colbourn, Anne ]] || 1854-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Colbourn-23|Colbourn, George ]] || 1857-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Colbourne-129|Colbourne, Donald ]] || 1924-09-00 || to-do |- | [[Colbourne-130|Colbourne, Frederick J]] || 1923-09-00 || to-do |- | [[Bryant-12102|Evans, Ada Maud (Bryant) ]] || 1861-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Evans-27842|Evans, William Henry]] || 1872-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Green-32585|Flack, Dorothy Hilda May (Green) ]] || 1898-08-23 || to-do |- | [[Green-32545|Green, Rodney ]] || || to-do |- | [[Green-32546|Green, George Chettle, MBE]] || 1882-07-27 || to-do |- | [[Green-32547|Green, Alfred ]] || 1852-03-29 || to-do |- | [[Green-32550|Green, Alfred W]] || 1881-04-00 || to-do |- | [[Green-32551|Green, William ]] || 1812-03-20 || to-do |- | [[Green-32552|Green, William Henry]] || 1842-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Green-32553|Green, George W]] || 1844-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Green-32554|Green, Charles J]] || 1848-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Green-32555|Green, Emma ]] || 1850-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Green-32556|Green, Albert E]] || 1855-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Marwood-211|Green, Grace Elizabeth (Marwood) ]] || 1883-05-10 || to-do |- | [[Chettle-24|Green, Catherine Sarah (Chettle) ]] || 1852-06-07 || to-do |- | [[Bromley-952|Green, Elizabeth (Bromley) ]] || 1812-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Morris-Bailey-1|Green, Brenda (Morris-Bailey)]] || || to-do |- | [[Johnson-84494|Green, Eileen B (Johnson) ]] || 1915-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Green-32560|Green, Helen ]] || || to-do |- | [[Green-32561|Green, Unlisted]] || || to-do |- | [[Green-32562|Green, Vernon Vincent]] || 1917-12-00 || to-do |- | [[Frater-204|Frater, Unlisted]] || || to-do |- | [[Green-32583|Green, Alec ]] || || to-do |- | [[Colbourn-14|Green, Alice (Colbourn)]] || || to-do |- | [[Green-32584|Green, Arthur William]] || 1872-10-18 || to-do |- | [[Green-32586|Green, Arthur William]] || 1900-12-27 || to-do |- | [[Green-32587|Green, Victor Harold]] || 1902-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Matthews-11202|Green, Caroline Sarah (Matthews) ]] || 1877-02-16 || to-do |- | [[Green-32589|Green, William ]] || 1848-07-16 || to-do |- | [[Green-32590|Green, James ]] || 1851-02-06 || to-do |- | [[Parker-32920|Green, Mary Ann (Parker) ]] || 1852-06-17 || to-do |- | [[Green-32592|Green, James ]] || 1880-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Green-32593|Green, Albert ]] || 1881-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Green-32594|Green, Hilda Emily]] || 1883-04-00 || to-do |- | [[Green-32595|Green, Frederick William]] || 1885-04-00 || to-do |- | [[Green-32596|Green, Alfred E]] || 1890-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Clewer-23|Green, Tabitha (Clewer) ]] || 1837-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Green-32601|Green, Thomas ]] || 1841-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Green-32602|Green, Clara B]] || 1870-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Green-32603|Green, Anne ]] || 1871-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Green-32604|Green, Thomas William]] || 1873-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Green-32605|Green, Edith M M]] || 1874-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Green-32606|Green, Gertrude H]] || 1876-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Green-32607|Green, William E]] || 1878-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Guthrie-3709|Guthrie, Rona Reid]] || 1922-12-31 || to-do |- | [[Perry-16539|Haworth, Frances (Perry)]] || || to-do |- | [[Haworth-1434|Haworth, Unlisted]] || || to-do |- | [[Entwistle-318|Horner, Mary Jane (Entwistle) ]] || 1846-03-15 || to-do |- | [[Baker-40014|Baker, Unlisted]] || || to-do |- | [[Greenhalgh-864|Howarth, Barbara (Greenhalgh) ]] || 1934-07-31 || to-do |- | [[Pennington-5059|Pennington, Unlisted]] || || to-do |- | [[Hutson-1023|Hutson, John James]] || 1846-10-00 || to-do |- | [[Everitt-848|Hutson, Martha (Everitt) ]] || 1844-06-00 || to-do |- | [[Colbourne-128|Knapp, Edith M (Colbourne) ]] || 1916-08-30 || to-do |- | [[Knapp-4468|Knapp, Roderick ]] || || to-do |- | [[Knapp-4469|Knapp, Richard ]] || || to-do |- | [[Knapp-4470|Knapp, Unlisted]] || || to-do |- | [[Knapp-4471|Knapp, Unlisted]] || || to-do |- | [[Hutchins-3117|Hutchins, Unlisted]] || || to-do |- | [[Marwood-212|Marwood, Eli John]] || 1838-03-24 || to-do |- | [[Merrit-129|Matthews, Mary Ann (Merrit) ]] || 1849-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Parker-32919|Parker, William ]] || 1824-08-09 || to-do |- | [[Parker-32921|Parker, Benjamin Champion]] || 1848-09-00 || to-do |- | [[Parker-32922|Parker, James ]] || 1793-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Clewer-18|Parker, Theresa (Clewer) ]] || 1804-10-04 || to-do |- | [[Parker-32923|Parker, Charles ]] || 1769-00-00 || to-do |- | [[West-17034|Parker, Sarah (West) ]] || 1778-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Parker-32924|Parker, John ]] || 1806-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Perry-16538|Perry, Unlisted]] || || to-do |- | [[Peet-569|Peet, Unlisted]] || || to-do |- | [[Pearson-9867|Perry, Isabel Noreen (Pearson) ]] || 1913-10-15 || to-do |- | [[Burroughs-2046|Perry, Constance Madge (Burroughs) ]] || 1917-05-29 || to-do |- | [[Perry-16542|Perry, Unlisted]] || || to-do |- | [[Wilkes-1532|Wilkes, Unlisted]] || || to-do |- | [[Prince-4254|Prince, Frances Elizabeth]] || 1842-03-04 || to-do |- | [[Green-32591|Ranscombe, Mary (Green) ]] || 1827-06-19 || to-do |- | [[Green-31636|Riley, Carole (Green)]] || || to-do |- | [[Bell-25497|Bell, Unlisted]] || || to-do |- | [[Ogden-4189|Riliey, Evelyn (Ogden) ]] || 1890-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Roby-695|Roby, Unlisted]] || || to-do |- | [[Green-31635|Green, Unlisted]] || || to-do |- | [[Parker-32926|Saunders, Mary Ann (Parker) ]] || 1811-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Saunders-8876|Saunders, Samuel ]] || 1812-00-00 || to-do |- | [[Saunders-8877|Saunders, Emma ]] || 1842-01-00 || to-do |- | [[Saunders-8878|Saunders, Ann ]] || 1845-04-00 || to-do |- | [[Saunders-8879|Saunders, Ezekiel James]] || 1846-10-07 || to-do |- | [[Burke-4484|Seddon, Sarah (Burke) ]] || 1896-12-08 || to-do |- | [[Green-32588|Vollmer, Monica Evelyn (Green) ]] || 1905-03-04 || to-do |- | [[Knapp-4467|Knapp, Unlisted]] || || to-do |}

List of descendants of Geoffrey O'Connell and Honora McCroghan as complied by [[Mathews-3929|Anne “Sue” Mathews Lewis]] listed in the attached image.

El municipio de Valdoviño se encuentra localizado al norte de Ferrolterra, entre Narón y Cedeira a orillas del Océano Atlántico. Los monumentos más importantes que nos podemos encontrar en nuestra visita son los numerosos pazos e iglesias de sus diferentes parroquias, aunque el mayor reclamo para los turistas son su bellos arenales, algunos de ellos conocidos a nivel mundial como la Playa de Pantín, donde se celebra el conocido Pantín Classic, una de la pruebas puntuables para el Campeonato del Mundo de Surf. Límites Valdoviño limita al norte con el municipio de Cedeira, al sur con el de Narón, al oeste con el océano Atlántico, y al este con los municipios de Cerdido y San Sadurniño. Toponimia Probablemente el origen del nombre Valdoviño procede de valle de Aviño, lugar y arroyo de las cercanías. Es común la creencia que asimila Valdoviño a Valle del Vino, si bien, jamás se cultivó vino en este lugar demasiado expuesto al Atlántico.

Space created to hold arrow images used in the Geographic Location Template and images that need protecting.

'''Name:''' Mary Beth Baker - Choctaw?/English/Dutch/French?/German/Irish?/Scottish/Swiss/Swedish? descent Paternal Ray Baker Dutch/German/Swedish? descent served in '''Occupation of Japan''' * Paternal: Dutch Descent (Groningen) born in '''Illinois''' - Baker * Maternal: German Descent born in '''Illinois''' - Funk ** Paternal *** Paternal: '''Brandenburg''' [[Funk-3271|Georg Johann Funk (abt.1826-1910)]] **** Paternal: '''Holy Roman Empire''' [[Funk-3334|Johann Karl Friedrich Funk (abt.1789-1831)]] '''Hanseatic Legion''' ***** Maternal Swedish Descent [[Haak-430|Regina (Haak) Funk (abt.1767-)]] *** Maternal **** Paternal: '''Pommern''' [[Heiden-281|Caspar Friedrich Heiden (1807-bef.1863)]] ** Maternal *** Maternal: '''Mecklenburg-Schwerin''' [[Thoms-430|Elisabeth Maria Wilhelmine Thoms (1845-1922)]] Maternal Miriam (Russell) Baker Choctaw?/English/Dutch/French?/German/Irish?/Scottish/Swiss descent * Paternal born in '''Mississippi''' Scottish/German/Native American Descent (Russell) ** Paternal - Paternal **** Paternal '''Georgia''' [[Russell-25144|William Alexander Albert Russell (1801-1893)]] **** Maternal ***** Paternal '''North Carolina''' [[Smith-283796|Isaiah Smith (1775-1845)]] '''War of 1812''' ****** Maternal English/German descent born in '''Colony of Virginia''' [[Hight-45|Elizabeth (Hight) Peace (abt.1769-aft.1797)]] ******* Paternal - Paternal - Paternal ********** Paternal '''England''' [[Hight-213|John Hight (abt.1634-)]] ******** Maternal '''Germany''' [[Wisbach-1|Maria Elisabeth (Wisbach) Hight (1695-1746)]] ***** Maternal - Paternal ******* Maternal '''North Carolina''' [[Moore-79828|Sarah (Moore) Perkins (abt.1720-bef.1819)]] ******** Paternal '''Pennsylvania''' [[Moore-14820|Richard Cureton Moore (abt.1697-aft.1784)]] ********* Paternal '''Wales''' [[Moore-14821|John Cheevers Moore (abt.1671-1719)]] ********* Maternal '''Lancashire''' [[Cuerton-1|Jane (Cuerton) Moore (1673-1721)]] ****** Maternal Choctaw '''Louisiana''' [[Williams-122815|Elizabeth (Williams) Perkins (1758-1834)]] *** Maternal '''Tennessee''' [[Sauls-401|Louise Frances (Sauls) Russell (1848-1935)]] Two of her brothers fought in '''Civil War''' **** Maternal '''Mississippi''' [[Lockhart-4280|Louisa Melison (Lockhart) Sauls (abt.1820-aft.1880)]] ***** Maternal '''South Carolina''' [[Crum-2187|Ann (Crum) Lockhart (1790-1853)]] ****** Paternal ******* Maternal German/Swiss Descent ******** Paternal '''Palitinate''' - [[Zorn-99|Nicholas Zorn Sr. (abt.1703-abt.1741)]] '''Loyalist Militia Rev. War''' ******** Maternal '''Switzerland''' [[Lebennder-2|Anna Catherina (Lebennder) Simmons (abt.1702-1775)]] **Maternal - Paternal - Paternal ***** Paternal '''Georgia''' [[Tullos-430|Abraham Tullos (abt.1790-abt.1850)]] ****** Paternal '''North Carolina''' [[Tullos-76|Willoughby Tullos (abt.1765-abt.1835)]] ******* Paternal Scottish Descent '''Virginia''' [[Tullos-72|Richard Tullos (1701-1771)]] ******** Paternal ********* Paternal '''Fife, Scotland''' - [[Tullos-7|Claudius Tullos Sr (1641-1700)]] ******** Maternal ********* Paternal '''England''' [[Mason-5100|Robert Mason (1653-1701)]] ********* Maternal ********** Paternal '''England''' [[Rodham-3|Matthew Rodham (1620-1672)]] ***** Maternal '''Kentucky''' [[Mobley-1875|Nancy (Mobley) Tullos (1803-1880)]] **** Maternal '''Georgia''' [[Stovall-2787|Sarah (Stovall) Tullos (abt.1827-aft.1870)]] ***Maternal '''Mississippi''' [[Neal-2201|Martha Patsy (Neal) Tullis (1839-1923)]] served as Nurse in '''Civil War''' **** Paternal '''South Carolina''' [[Neal-3481|Jacob Stephen Neal (1802-1872)]] **** Maternal '''Georgia''' [[Fletcher-7134|Susan (Fletcher) Neal (1812-1900)]] ***** Paternal '''Maryland''' [[Fletcher-16759|Thomas Mizeil Fletcher (abt.1759-aft.1841)]] * Maternal (Ingle) ** Paternal: '''Indiana''' [[Ingle-1407|Alphonso Melteer T. Ingle (1850-1911)]] *** Paternal: '''Ohio''' [[Ingle-1408|William Ingle (abt.1826-1889)]] **** Paternal: '''New Jersey''' [[Ingle-1409|James Ingle (abt.1790-)]] *** Maternal French/Irish Descent born '''Ohio''' [[Trippeer-17|Rachel (Trippeer) Ingle (1831-1903)]] **** Paternal: '''Pennsylvania''' - [[Trippier-27|John Trippier (1806-1873)]] *****Paternal: '''France??''' [[Trapier-27|Joseph Trapier (abt.1765-bef.1815)]] ***** Maternal- Maternal: ******* Paternal: '''Scotland''' [[Murray-7108|James Murray (1729-1804)]] Pennsylvania Militia - Rev. War **** Maternal: '''Virginia''' [[English-6635|Catherine (English) Trippier (1810-1881)]] ***** Maternal: ****** Paternal: '''Maryland''' [[Sizer-408|John Sizer (1759-1838)]] ****** Maternal: '''Scotland''' [[McKnight-4325|Katherine Jenny (McKnight) Sizer (abt.1757-1822)]] ** Maternal: '''English''' Descent *** Paternal: '''Lancashire''' [[Clark-79704|William Avery Clark (abt.1826-)]] *** Maternal: Dutch/English Descent born '''New York''' [[Fry-9667|Julia Annie (Fry) Clark (1835-1920)]] **** Paternal - Paternal - Maternal - Paternal ******** Paternal '''Utrecht''': [[Van_der_Karre-7|Dirk (van der Karre) van der Karr (abt.1663-bef.1727)]] ******** Maternal ********* Paternal '''Utrecht''' [[Van_ -Schaick-116|Nicholas Laurens Van Schaick (1633-1699)]] **** Maternal - Paternal - Paternal Paternal ******** Paternal English Descent born in '''Connecticut''' [[Woodin-250|Timothy Woodin (1741-1816)]] '''Revolutionary War''' ********* Paternal '''Isle of Wight''' [[Woodin-226|Timothy Woodin (1695-1763)]] (Isle of Wight)

Historical descriptions of family domicile at birth, explanation of Clandestine Marriages, and of the effect of the change of calendar on DoB in registers of birth. ==Geographical Note and Social context== ===Milton Abbas=== '''Geographical Note and Social context:''' The referenced to Milton Abbas are misleading, as Milton Abbas had not been built at this time.
Milton Abbas was originally called Middleton, that is middle tun the middle farm or hamlet. In 1252 the villagers of Middleton were granted the right to have weekly markets. The people were also allowed an annual fair.
In 1521 a grammar school was founded in Middleton. However, the school closed in the late 18th century. (The Lord of the Manor had it moved to Blandford Forum).
In 1539 Henry VIII closed the abbey and sold it to John Tregonwell, Nevertheless, the little town continued to thrive. In the 18th century, Middleton had a population of about 500. It had 3 inns and a brewery. In 1674 almshouses were built in the village.
In 1752 the manor was sold to Joseph Damer (1718-1798), who later became Earl of Dorchester. In 1771 he decided to build a new mansion Damer decided to remove the existing houses in the town because they spoilt his view, in the 1780s he demolished the existing cottages and replaced them with new ones further away. He also moved the almshouses. The new settlement was renamed Milton Abbas. . From https://localhistories.org/a-history-of-milton-abbas/
===Aller=== '''Geographical Note and Social context:''' A History of the County of Somerset: Volume 3. Originally published by Victoria County History, London, 1974.
The ancient parish of Aller. The parish lies 2½ miles west from Langport and 9 miles south-east from Bridgwater. It stretching 4½ miles from north to south, 2½ miles from east to west, but is only ⅓ mile in breadth at the edge of King's Sedgemoor in the north. The boundary to the south and southwest is formed by the river Parrett. The high ground in the parish known as Aller hill lies on the Keuper Marl along its eastern limit, but most of the parish, comprising the 'moors', lies on the alluvium. In addition to the Cary and Parrett the 'moors' are drained by a complex system of rhines, the construction of which dates from the 14th century.
The original settlement was probably made on Aller 'island', where the parish church also stands, but the village developed along the lower slopes of Aller hill. By the later 16th century much of its present area was already built up, further expansion being restricted by the open arable fields, the 'moors', and the steepness of Aller hill.
Arable land within the parish was largely restricted to the Keuper Marl. Early meadowland was more scattered. Open meadows known as Landmeads lay along the western edge of the North field and in the South field. The remainder of the parish, comprising the low-lying 'moors', was devoted to pasture. Aller wood lies between the former North field and Wood Lane on the upper slopes of Aller hill. In 1676 a decoy pool was made in Aller moor by five tenants. The lord gave materials for its construction and allowed those tenants royalty for fowling over the 'moor'. In return they were to stock the decoy and render a quarter of all birds taken.
There were 124 communicants in the parish in 1548. A P Baggs, R J E Bush and Margaret Tomlinson, 'Parishes: Aller ', in A History of the County of Somerset: Volume 3, ed. R W Dunning (London, 1974), pp. 61-71. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/som/vol3/pp61-71 [accessed 28 August 2023].
===Bodmin=== '''Geographical Note and Social context:''' Leonard’s Gazetteer of England and Wales 1850 A Topographical Dictionary of England 1848
BODMIN (St. Petrock), a parish, and the head of a union, in the hundred of Trigg, E. division of Cornwall.
During the civil war in the reign of Charles I., the town, which had no permanent garrison, was alternately occupied by each party, till, in 1646, General Fairfax finally took possession of it for the parliament. After the Restoration, Charles II. visited the place on his journey to Scilly, and humorously declared it to be the most polite town through which he had passed, “one-half of the houses being prostrate, and the remainder uncovered.”
The parish comprises 4586 acres, whereof 330 are common or waste. The grammar school was founded by Queen Elizabeth, who endowed it with £4. 13. 8. per annum, payable out of the exchequer. About a mile to the west of the town are some remains of the hospital of St. Lawrence,, who were incorporated by Queen Elizabeth in 1582, from whom they received the grant of a market, and two fairs,
The town is situated on a gentle elevation rising out of a vale, between two hills, almost in the centre of the county: it consists of several streets, the principal of which is a mile in length; it is well paved, and the inhabitants are amply supplied with water. https://www.parishmouse.co.uk/cornwall/bodmin-cornwall-family-history-guide/#a-topographical-dictionary-of-england-1848
===Bridgewater=== ''' Geographical Note and Social context:''' A History of the County of Somerset: Volume 6, Andersfield, Cannington, and North Petherton Hundreds (Bridgwater and Neighbouring Parishes). Originally published by Victoria County History, London, 1992.
The borough and port of Bridgwater lies in an irregularly shaped parish through which flows the tidal river Parrett. It lies c. 18 km. by water from Bridgwater Bay. East of the river the parish is on low-lying alluvium c. 6 metres above sea level nearest the river and 12 metres on the north-eastern boundary at Horsey. West of the river alluvium runs across Stock moor in the south and along the Durleigh brook between Hamp and the town, both of which lie on ridges of marl. Bridgwater's marl has two small areas of terrace deposits of valley gravel, which were used by the 16th century and until the 18th for building work and streets. Lime was dug in the south-east corner of the town near the 'quay above the bridge' in the 17th and 18th centuries, and a kiln was in operation near Lyme Bridge by 1497.
Ships presumably discharged their cargoes on both sides of the Parrett. Old and new quayswere mentioned in 1616. Work was done on Back Quay, the old Langport slip, between 1697 and 1701, and c. 1712 a new quay was built on the east bank. Mr. Darby's new quay had been built on the west bank, north of the old quay, by c. 1730. An Act of 1794 enabled further improvements. The port had no official customs house but c. 1724 the duke of Chandos was planning to build one, finished in 1726. Improvements, concerned the lower reaches of the river, but its course from Bridgwater Bridge upstream came under private Acts passed in 1673 and 1699 to improve the navigation to Taunton.
As can be expected of a port, Bridgewater was well provided with inns and taverns, in 1686 the town's inns offered 143 beds and stabling for 246 horses. In the 1720s there were said to be over 120 houses selling ale and cider in the town and by 1748 the town was divided into three divisions for licensing purposes when there were just over 50 licensed houses and a single coffee house. A census taken in 1695 suggested 2,200 or more inhabitants for the town and 600 for the rest of the parish. In 1801 the total population was 3,634, A P Baggs and M C Siraut, 'Bridgwater', in A History of the County of Somerset: Volume 6, Andersfield, Cannington, and North Petherton Hundreds (Bridgwater and Neighbouring Parishes), ed. R W Dunning and C R Elrington (London, 1992), pp. 192-206. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/som/vol6/pp192-206 [accessed 28 August 2023].
By the 15th century the cloth trade was well established and was the mainstay of the town’s prosperity, exporting woollen cloths from various parts of Somerset. At the beginning of the 18th century, the cloth trade enjoyed a further boom before falling victim to the industrial revolution, which moved the centre of commercial and industrial activity northward towards the sources of cheap power. As Bristol grew in importance the port and town of Bridgwater declined and into a long period of stagnation. The commercial manufacture of roofing tiles and bricks and improvements to communications helped the town grow in the 19th century. https://www.bridgwatertown.com/history.aspx#:~:text=Bridgwater%20was%20made%20a%20borough,its%20market%20and%20its%20fairs.
===Brenchley=== ''' Geographical Note and Social context:''' During the 17th century, the area between Brenchley and Horsmonden, boasted one of the largest Wealden Iron Works and employed over 200 men.
With the demise of the Iron industry, the area turned to agriculture with extensive orchards and hop fields. http://www.kentpast.co.uk/brenchley.html
===Calne=== '''Geographical Notes abd Social context:''' From The Beauties of England and Wales, vol. 22, by John Britton,et al (Verner & Hood), 1814
CALNE is a market and borough town of great antiquity, situated near the centre of the hundred to which it gives name,
The staple manufactured produce here is broad cloths and kerseymeres. The market day is Tuesday, weekly, and there are fairs on the sixth of May and the twenty-second of July. A branch of the Wiltshire and Berkshire Canal comes into the town.
1898
Calne within the last twenty years has been greatly improved in the appearance of its houses, and the cleanliness of its streets. It is watered by the small river Marlan, which runs through the centre of the town, and drives several fulling and grist mills. The market-house and town-hall is a commodious building, as is also the free-school, in which thirty boys are taught
The town is lighted with gas , and supplied with water obtained from rock springs in the parish of Calstone Wellington. A reservoir has been constructed to supply the mills which would otherwise have suffered. A scheme of sewerage was carried out about 1880; and has since been altered and improved
In the neighbourhood are a number of springs, sufficient in their united strength to turn several corn mills, and which, with other streams, constitute the head of the river Calne or Marden, which flows through the centre of the town and joins the Avon near Chippenham.
There are seven nonconformist meeting houses and chapels.
The soil is chiefly sandy, except in the valleys, which dip into the Oxford clay. A bed of the coral rag containing a coarse kind of freestone is worked in the town, and affords a tolerably good building stone: The land in the district is chiefly in pasture, but not entirely so, there being a considerable portion of the sandy soil under the plough. Wheat and beans are grown on the heavier portion, and barley and roots on the lighter. The area of Calne Within is 356 acres; the population in 1891 was 3,495. https://freepages.rootsweb.com/~cmtilbury/genealogy/taylor_family/calne_wiltshire.html
===Calstock=== '''Geographical Notes and Social Context:''' The National Gazetteer of Great Britain and Ireland - 1868 "CALSTOCK, a parish in the middle division of the hundred of East, in the county of Cornwall. Tavistock is its post town. It is pleasantly situated on the borders of Devonshire, on the banks of the navigable river Tamar, across which is a ferry, and is crossed by the Tavistock canal. Granite is the prevailing rock in the neighbourhood, and there are mines of copper, tin, lead, and manganese. The Tamar contains abundance of salmon trout. Calstock is a port subordinate to the port of Plymouth. There is a mineral spring near the church. In this parish is Cothele, or Cotehele, a fine Tudor house, with a Quay and warehouse on the Tamar.
Mining was important in Calstock from Mediaeval times, with the Duchy mining silver. However the industry did not peak until the late 19th century, which made Calstock a busy port. The rapid population boom due to the growth of industry led, in 1849, to an outbreak of cholera.
https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/CON/Calstock
===Caythorpe=== '''Geographical Notes and Social context:''' In 1870-72, John Marius Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales described Caythorpe like this:
CAYTHORPE, a village and a parish in the district of Newark and county of Lincoln. The village stands near the Grantham and Lincoln railway, 9 miles N by E of Grantham; and has a post office‡ under Grantham, a r. station, and a fair on the second Friday after Good Friday. The parish includes also Friston hamlet.
Acres, 4,210. Pop., 822. Houses, 178. There are a Wesleyan chapel, and charities £7.https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/11922
'''Geographical Note and Social context:''' "CHELSFIELD, a parish in the hundred of Ruxley, and lathe of Sutton-at-Hone, in the county of Kent, It is situated on the high road between London and Seven Oaks. . Here are National schools for both sexes, partly supported by contributions. There is a small endowment for for the benefit of the poor; also six almshouses and six acres of parish land. [Transcribed from The National Gazetteer of Great Britain and Ireland 1868 https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/KEN/Chelsfield
The ancient parish of over 3000 acres included the hamlets of Pratts Bottom and part of Green Street Green. with the hamlets of Maypole, Bopeep and Well Hill, Chelsfield is on very high ground, and the village nestles in the shelter of a little fold of the Downs. Pubs and beerhouses were always a feature of village life, the Five Bells in the village centre the Bopeep in the hamlet of that name, and the Kent Hounds and the Rock and Fountain at Well Hill.http://www.chelsfieldhistory.org.uk/brief_introduction.htm
===Chiddingstone=== ''' Geographical Note and Social context:''' CHIDDINGSTONE, or Chydingstone, a village and a parish in Sevenoaks district, Kent. The village stands in the Weald, on the river Eden, contains interesting specimens of old gabled timbered houses; The parish includes also the hamlet of Little Chiddingstone. Acres, 5, 975. The Chiding Stone, figured by Grose, and the subject of curious tradition, is a weather-worn mass of sandstone, about 18 feet high. Wild boars anciently haunted the surrounding tract; and are commemorated here in the names of Boar Place and Boreshill. https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/4466
===Claypole=== '''Geographical Note and Social context:''' In 1870-72, John Marius Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales described Claypole like this:
CLAYPOLE, a parish and a sub-district in the district of Newark and county of Lincoln. The parish lies on the river Witham and the Great Northern railway, and has a station on the railway, and a post office under Newark-Acres, 3, 370. Pop., 774. Houses, 144. There are chapels for Wesleyans and Primitive Methodists. The Newark workhouse is here.https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/11933
===Colwall=== '''Geographical Note and Social context:''' The National Gazetteer of Great Britain and Ireland - 1868
"COLWALL, a parish in the hundred of Radlow, in the county of Hereford, its, post town. It has a station on the West Midland branch of the Great Western railway. It is situated on the western side of the Malvern hills, under the Herefordshire Beacon. Part of the parish is in hops. The charities amount to £33 per annum, and there are free schools for both sexes. "
Colwall was also known to be the home of the Malvern Water bottling factory. In 1890, a local family entered into a contract with Schweppes to allow them to build a bottling plant, which was constructed 2 years later.
"EVENDINE, a hamlet in the parish of Colwall and county of Hereford, 4 miles N.E. of Ledbury. It is situated at the foot of the Malvern hills. Here are extensive limestone quarries, in which many fossils are found." https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/HEF/Colwall/Gaz1868
===Cowden=== ''' Geographical Note and Social context:''' Cowden
This parish, wholly within the Weald, is but little known, being situated in a deep soil of clay, very wet and miry. The village stands on a rise, though at a small distance only from the river, which here forms an elbow round the south side of it, where it turns a corn-mill; A fair is held here on the feast of St. Mary Magdalen, now on the second of August, for cattle and pedlary ware. Extract from Hasted's History of Kent published in 1797https://theweald.org/P5.asp?PId=PK.Cowden
Crippenden Manor, built around 1607, once belonged to the ironmaster, Richard Tichbourne. br/> In the reign of Henry VIII, the iron master dammed up the stream, known as Kentwater, at Scarletts to create ponds for the supply of power to the iron furnace. The iron industry fuelled the furnaces with wood and, therefore, had an impact on the areas woodlands as it did employment in the village.https://www.kentpast.co.uk/cowden.html#:~:text=Cowden%20comes%20from%20the%20Old,the%20garden%20of%20Waystrode%20Manor.
The ponds still exist alongside Furness lane, albeit much reduced in area. ===Crewkerne=== ''' Geographical Note and Social context:''' A History of the County of Somerset: Volume 4. Originally published by Victoria County History, London, 1978.
The Town of Crewkerne lies within a large parish on the southern boundary of the county and hundred. The town lay below the eastern end of the Windwhistle ridge, in a coombe just above the 200 ft. contour, sheltered from the north-east by Bincombe Hill, possibly the 'cruc' which gave the town its name. The church occupies a position at the end of a small plateau above the town centre very like that of South Petherton. To the north and east of the town the gentle contours on the heavily faulted Yeovil Sands and limestone generally falling towards Merriott and the Parrett, provided the main stretches of meadow land, concentrated at Furringdons in the north-east. The complicated geological formation of the Windwhistle ridge, including clay, flints, chalk, and greensand, provided a source for stone, sand, lime, marl, and clay for farmers, builders, and brick makers.
The extent of the three open arable fields in Crewkerne manor had been diminished by inclosure by the late 16th century, and the process continued into the 19th century, evidently by private agreement. Those fields were worked only by the tenants of the manors of Crewkerne Magna and Parva. In 1839 the parish was almost equally divided between arable and grass, with 132 a. of wood.
During the early 18th century clothing appears to have continued as the dominant industry in the town, with textile mills in 1730 and 1740. Sergemakers occur regularly between 1720 and 1761 a dyer, two linen-weavers, and a woolbroker in 1704, a haberdasher and hosier in 1724, a bodice maker and worsted-comber in 1726, and a woolcomber in 1765. Other trades represented include an engraver in 1701, a basket maker, silver-wire drawer, and rope maker in 1704, a tanner in 1727, and peruke makers in 1730 and 1751. There were prominent tallow chandlers and soap boilers between 1704 and 1764.
Girth-web weavers had come to the parish by 1698 and the allied manufacturers of webbing, sailcloth, hair-seating, and later shirts eventually came to dominate the 19th-century labour market. The first factory was probably established in 1789 at Viney Bridge. A bleaching or 'bucking' house was built there, and the same firm had a spinning house in Hermitage Street. In 1797 there was a 'linen and woollen girth web manufactory'. By c. 1797 other miscellaneous trades and manufactures had developed in the town, including maltsters, vintners, clockmakers, a printer, a breeches maker, ironmongers, and three butter factors.
By the end of the 16th century the market was held every Saturday. There is mention of sheep markets for ten weeks in the spring of 1749, and there were 37 butchers and 49 traders in the stalls, both in the market place and under the market house, among them two bakers from South Petherton and one from Cerne Abbas (Dors.) An annual fair on St. Bartholomew's day, its date was changed in 1753 to 4 September, and in 1767 was said to be noted for horses, bullocks, linen drapery, cheese, and 'toys'.
Crewkern parish was well supplied with watermills, records survive of 10 in the 18th C, mostly grtist mills, one converted to weaving webbing, and two paper mills.A P Baggs and R J E Bush, 'Parishes: Crewkerne', in A History of the County of Somerset: Volume 4, ed. R W Dunning (London, 1978), pp. 4-38. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/som/vol4/pp4-38 [accessed 28 August 2023].
===Croydon=== '''Geographical Note and Social context:''' Croydon is a market town, situated ten miles south of London. The parish is very extensive; in the Conqueror's Survey, it is said to contain twenty plough lands, and is now supposed to be about thirty six miles in circumference. The arable land exceeds the pasture in a great proportion: a considerable part of Norwood is in this parish. In the Survey of 1646, it is described as being "830 acres, in which the inhabitants of "Croydon have herbage for all manner of cattle, and mastage for swine without stint." Shirley Heath Common is said, in the same Survey, to contain 300 acres; Croydon Heath 340 acres. The soil, as may be supposed in so extensive a parish, is very various.
The town of Croydon had a market on Wednesdays, as early as the reign of Edward I. , and a fair which began on the eve of St. Botolph, and lasted nine days. Another market on Thursdays, was granted to Archbishop Reynolds, by Edward II and a fair on the eve and morrow of St. Matthew. A third market upon Saturdays, the only one of the three now continued, was granted by Edward III., and a fair on the Feast of St. John the Baptist. Of the fairs, the two last only are now held.
The small river Wandle, which falls into the Thames at Wandsworth, has its source in this parish, near the church. The whole of its course is not many miles, yet there are few rivers on whose banks a more extensive commerce is carried on.https://www.british-history.ac.uk/london-environs/vol1/pp170-201
The Manor, known as Croydon Palace from 1600, was the first of several Archbishop’s dwellings on the route between Lambeth and Canterbury. The buildings had an administrative function for the collection of rents and served as a civil and ecclesiastical court. The layout of the estate including the fishponds can still be traced in the present day street pattern.
The small town flourished through its connections with the Archbishop, but its low-lying position made it prone to flooding and general dampness. In the early Middle Ages the centre of the town shifted from the area around the church to higher and drier ground to the east.
Croydon’s first market was established, within a triangle now formed by Surrey Street, the High Street and Crown Hill. After the medieval period the market place filled up with buildings, and a web of narrow alleys.https://www.croydon.gov.uk/sites/default/files/Planning/Masterplans/otm-section_2_-3.pdf
'''Geographical Note and Social context:''' "Cudham is an extensive parish and widely-scattered village, in Ruxley Hundred, lathe of Sutton-at-Hone, and Union and County court district of Bromley, west Kent, situated west of the high road from London to Seven Oaks. The area is 5,869 acres. Here is a wood 2 miles long. The soil clayey, with great quantity of flint, but very fertile; and the population, in 1851, was 897. The church of St Peter and St Paul is an old building of flint and brick, with a steeple rising from the centre. There is a chapel for the Wesleyans, and National schools, erected in 1851, which are supported by voluntary contributions."https://www.nwkfhs.org.uk/crockenhill-gravesend/cudham
===Denton=== '''Geographical Note and Social context:''' Denton is a small parish stretching in a long, narrow strip from west to east, and measures about a quarter of a mile across from north to south. These long, narrow parishes would seem to represent the division of the marsh (fen) by Turchil. ( He apparently added a narrow strip of marsh (fen) to Caldecote, Denton and Stilton and so brought them into contact with the mere. Ermine Street runs north and south near the centre of the parish. The village, about a mile west of the Ermine Street, is situated towards the western end of the parish. The church is in the middle of the village and near by are a few late 17th-century cottages. The soil and subsoil are Oxford Clay with some gravel, and the chief crops are wheat, barley and peas.
From https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/hunts/vol3/pp151-154
===Deptford=== '''Geographic notes and Social context: '''In 1887, John Bartholomew's Gazetteer of the British Isles described Deptford like this:
Deptford.-- parl. bor., consisting of the par. of Deptford St Paul, Kent and Surrey, on Ravensbourne rivulet and river Thames, 1575 ac., pop. 76,752. Deptford has engineering works, some mfrs. of earthenware, soap, and chemicals, and, in the neighbourhood, excellent market gardens.
The old naval dockyard was discontinued in 1869, it was converted into a foreign cattle-market. The royal victualling-yard, the most important in the kingdom, is still maintained. The corporation of Trinity House have at D. an hospital for master mariners.https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/387
In 1730, Dept-ford was divided into two parishes, distinguished by the names of St. Nicholas, and St. Paul. The Parish of St. Nicholas, which includes the old town, lies mainly along the river Thames, and the combined parishes have now a population of about 60,000 souls.
According to the author of "Le Guide de Etranger à Londres," published in 1827, which draws attention to its Royal Marine Arsenal, where cables, masts, anchors, &c., are manufactured,. He mentions also the Red House to the north of Deptford, the "grand depôt of provisions for the fleet," burnt down in 1639, and again in 1761. The town at that time numbered 17,000 inhabitants. There were for many centuries, corn and other mills situated on the Ravensbourne in its picturesque windings through Deptford and Brockley,
The dockyard was closed in 1869. Shortly afterwards the Contagious Diseases (Animals) Act, 1869, required a place for the sale and slaughter of foreign animals. The Corporation of the City of London purchased the greater part of the old dockyard for the site of the new market. In December, 1871, it was opened under the title of the Foreign Cattle Market. It survived until 1913 This enterprise provided employment for many in Deptford both men and women, mostly on a casual basis.https://www.british-history.ac.uk/old-new-london/vol6/pp143-164#p34
===Derby===  '''Geographical Notes and Social context:''' In 1887, John Bartholomew's Gazetteer of the British Isles described Derby like this:
Derby.-- cap. of co., parl. and mun. bor., and market town, Derbyshire, on river Derwent. 3450 ac., pop. 81,168 (the parl. bor. was extended in 1885); 5 Banks, 6 newspapers. Market-days, Tuesday and Friday. .
D. occupies a position nearly in the middle of England, and is the centre of the Midland Rly. system, containing its head offices and principal workshops. It has a grammar-school on an old foundation, schools of science and art, and a town and county infirmary; it also possesses a recreation ground, free public swimming baths, a free library, and museum buildings, all presented by Mr M. T. Bass. D. has silk-mills -- the first silk-mill in England was ejected at D. in 1717 -- elastic web-works, sparworks, and ironworks, and it has been long celebrated for its porcelain. https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/668
===Edenbridge=== ''' Geographical Note and Social context:''' Edenbridge sits on the main London to Lewes road, and hence to the port of Newhaven. Numerous coaching inns developed, and there were links to smuggling.https://www.edenbridgetowncouncil.gov.uk/edenbridge/brief-history/ The surrounding country was farmed the farmhouses are old-fashioned timber buildings, standing single and much dispersed. A fair is held annually in the village on St. Mark's day, April, 25, for cattle, toys, &c. Extract from [Hasted's History of Kent published in 1797 https://theweald.org/d10.asp?BookId=H03179]
'''Geographical Note and Social Context:''' The National Gazetteer of Great Britain and Ireland - 1868 "EGLOSHAYLE, a parish in the hundred of Trigg, is situated on the river Allen, or Camel, which is spanned by a bridge of sixteen arches, connecting the village with the town of Wadebridge. The parish is of large extent, and the land chiefly arable. In the neighbourhood are remains of fortifications, and of an ancient treble entrenched camp, called Castle Killibury. The Kelly rounds, or barrows, are also in this parish."
"WASHAWAY, a hamlet in the parish of Egloshayle, hundred of Trigg,." From https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/CON/Egloshayle
===Evershot=== '''Geographical Note and Social Context:'''In 1870-72, John Marius Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales described Evershot like this:
EVERSHOT, a village, a parish, and a sub-district in Beaminster district, Dorset. The village stands near the head of the river Frome, 8 miles S by E of Yeovil; was once a market town; and has still a fair on 12 May he parish comprises 1, 409 acres. Pop., 595. Houses, 118. The property is divided among a few. Melbury Hall here, the seat of the Earl of Ilchester, is a very ancient building, partly Gothic, partly Grecian, and stands in a fine park. The living is a p. curacy, annexed to the rectory of Frome-St. Quintin, in the diocese of Salisbury. The church is very good. A grammar school has £70 from endowment; and other charities have £23.https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/13628
===Eynsford=== '''Geographical Note and Social Context:''' The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent: Volume 2. Originally published by W Bristow, Canterbury, 1797.
SOUTHWARD from Farningham lies Eynsford, sometimes written Aynsford, so named from a noted ford here over the river Darent. THIS PARISH extends about four miles from east to west, and about three miles from north to south; on the north side it reaches almost up to the village of Farningham, near to which stood the antient mansion of Sibell's; and towards the west, over the hills, by Wested-farm and the obscure and little known hamlet of Crockenhill, both within its bounds, among a quantity of woodlands. The soil is in general chalky, except towards the west, where there is some strong heavy land. The village of Eynsford, through the eastern part of which the high road leads from Dartford through Farningham, and hence towards Sevenoke, is situated near the south-west bounds of the parish, in the valley on the banks of the Darent; over it there is a bridge here, repaired at the public charge of the county. At the north end of the village, near the river, are the remains of Eynsford castle and at the south end of it the church; beyond which this parish extends southward, on the chalk hills, a mile and an half.Edward Hasted, 'Parishes: Eynsford', in The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent: Volume 2 (Canterbury, 1797), pp. 527-539. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-kent/vol2/pp527-539 [accessed 27 August 2023].
===Farnborough=== '''Geographical Note and Social context:''' FARNBOROUGH, a parish in the hundred of Ruxley, lathe of Sutton-at-Hone, county Kent. It is situated on the Sevenoaks road, and includes the hamlets of Green-street Green and Lock's Bottom. The living is a curacy annexed to the rectory of Chelsfield, in the diocese of Canterbury. The church, dedicated to St. Giles, was rebuilt in 1639, the ancient structure having been destroyed by a tempest. [Transcribed from The National Gazetteer of Great Britain and Ireland 1868 by Colin Hinson ©2010]https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/KEN/Farnborough
The parish comprises 1, 412 acres. This parish lies on high ground, the soil of it is but thin and poor. The north-west part of the parish is much covered with coppice wood, among which is a hamlet, called Brasted-green. The fair is held here on September 12, yearly. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-kent/vol2/pp46-53 '''Geographical Note and Social context:''' Compiled from The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent: Volume 6. Originally published by W Bristow, Canterbury, 1798. and other sources.
Faversham at present (1798) consists of about four hundred and sixty houses, which contain about 2500 inhabitants.
The principal shipping trade is now carried on from this port by six hoys, which go alternately every week to London with corn, amounting in very plentiful years to 40,000 quarters of different sorts yearly. Colliers likewise, of one hundred tons burthen, which supply not only the town but the neighbouring country with coals, and larger vessels, which import sir timber and iron the principal proprietors and merchants concerned in them being inhabitants of this town. Besides which, there are several fishing vessels, and others, employed in carrying wool, fruits, and other traffic The shipping in 1774, being the annual average of the imports and exports for six years, coasting vessels, belonging to this port 29, from forty to one hundred and fifty tons.
The oyster fishery which employs upwards of one hundred families , and the whole town greatly benefitted, it continued until WWII, when the grounds were leased away from Faversham.
Faversham became the centre of England’s explosive industry in the 16th century, when it first produced gunpowder. Faversham found itself to be ideally placed, with a stream to power the watermills, low lying areas in which to culture alder and grow willow for the charcoal, and a creek for importing sulphur and exporting the gunpowder. The works survived until 1930
Shepherd Neame brewery dates from 1698. Hops were grown locally, and hop-pickers arrived every September from London to work on the ripened crop.
===Folkestone=== '''Geographical Notes and Social context:''' Compiled from: https://freepages.rootsweb.com/~folkestonefamilies/genealogy/history.htm
In 1674 Folkestone's first school was established. This was the Free School which catered for twenty boys.
Fishing continued to be the main industry of the town at this time but this was also the beginning of an era when smuggling became almost a way of life for many of the towns people. Smuggling initially involved the illicit export of wool, and grew to dominate local economy through the 1700's and well into the 1800's.
During the 1800's major changes occurred to Folkestone as the seafront underwent major developments to enable her to become a viable harbour. Over the previous centuries the accumulation of shingle made it difficult to beach fishing boats. In 1807 an Act of Parliament was passed to enable the construction of a pier and harbour at Folkestone. By 1820 a harbour area of 14 acres had been enclosed. At this time trade and consequently population of Folkestone grew slightly.
The Folkestone Harbour Company went bankrupt in 1842 and it was bought by the South Eastern Railway Company,. With the railway came the collier boats bringing coal from the north and the beginning of the cross channel steamship service. Folkestone entered a boom time of development and prosperity. As Folkestone grew so did her reputation as a seaside resort. Although it is recorded that sea bathing machines were present in Folkestone as early as 1788 it was not until the mid 1800's, that seabathing became a major part of the town's culture and economy.
===Fulbeck=== '''Geographical Notes and Social context: ''' Fulbeck is a parish and village. Caythorpe parish lies to the south. The parish covers about 3,800 acres. The parish is long on its east-west axis and narrow on the north-south one, extending west to the River Brant and east almost to Ermine Street. The parish includes the hamlet of Sudthorpe near the south end of the village. In 1871, there was a year-round spring, called Holywell, just a mile east of the village, and, near the western edge of the parish was a chalybeate spring.
The village of Fulbeck lies on a slight rise and a creek, The Beck, flows westerly in to the River Brant from just outside the village.https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LIN/Fulbeck
At the enclosure of 1805 the land was farmed by two men, Thomas Capp with four fields, and William Capp with nineteen, eleven of his own and eight owned by the lord of the manor.https://freepages.rootsweb.com/~watsonweb/history/enclosure1805.html
In 1885 Kelly's Directory recorded that the chief crops grown in the area were wheat, barley, seeds and turnips, and that the village had both a Wesleyan and a Primitive Methodist chapel. .
===Greenwich===  '''Geographical Note and Social context:''' The Environs of London: Volume 4, Counties of Herts, Essex and Kent. Originally published by T Cadell and W Davies, London, 1796. described Greenwhich thus:.
Greenwich, lies in the hundred of Blackheath, being situated on the banks of the Thames, and the extraparochial hamlet of Kidbrook. It contains about 1170 acres of cultivated land: of which about 140 are arable; about 160 occupied by market gardeners; about 550 marsh and lowland meadow; and about 320 upland meadow and pasture (including Greenwich-park). A small part of Blackheath, adjoining to Greenwich town and park, is in this parish. The soil, except in the marshes, is, for the most part, sand and gravel.
Greenwich has a market twice a-week, on Wednesdays and Saturdays. The profits of this market being vested in Henry Earl of Romney, were given by him, in 1700, to the Royal Hospitalhttps://www.british-history.ac.uk/london-environs/vol4/pp426-493
Monarchs were regular visitors. A palace was created in 1447 by enclosing the park and erecting a tower on the hill now occupied by the Royal Observatory. It was renamed the Palace of Placentia or Pleasaunce . The palace was completed and further enlarged by Edward IV, and in 1466 it was granted to his queen, Elizabeth.
Subsequent monarchs visited the area regularly, and Greenwich was to come to be known as Royal Greenwich leading to the developement of the town and the Royal eststes.https://www.familysearch.org/en/wiki/Greenwich,_London_Borough_Genealogy#Local_Histories
Greenwich has long been home to a Royal Charter Market which was originally assigned to the Commissioners of Greenwich Hospital on the 19th December 1700 for 1,000 years. It was opened on 3 September 1737 with about 60 stallholders.
As part of a drive to clean up the river frontage and to bring Greenwich's buildings up to standards more in keeping with the Royal Hospital (now the Old Royal Naval College), the market was moved to its current position and the first cobble stones laid. Three roofs were built to protect the market from the elements. In 1831 the market contained traders selling meat, fish, eggs, butter, poultry, fruit and vegetables. On its periphery lay peddlers selling goods such as china, glass and earthenware. There wereslaughterhouses for cattle and stables for horses.https://www.greenwichmarket.london/about/market-history
Greenwich marsh, on the penninsula in a bend of the Thames to the east and north of the Royal Borough long remained rural. At the end of the seventeenth century a large building, by any definition ‘industrial’, was established on the west bank of the marsh. This was a Crown establishment and it marks a change in the way the Marsh was exploited. In 1694 the Principal Officers of the Ordnance Office told the Treasury that they needed money for new ‘Powderhouse’ where gunpowder could be delivered by the manufacturers, then tested and distributed as required.l. The site chosen for the gunpowder depot was on the West Bank of the Marsh Latterly, fthe Government inspectors decided that the Greenwich Depot should be moved to Purfleet. The last powder was delivered in 1768 and the depot closed soon after. As the eighteenth century progressed there were signs of the arrival of new industries. There may have been a bleachinghouse and tenter field before 1770 https://greenwichpeninsulahistory.wordpress.com/greenwich-marsh-by-mary-mills/chapter-2-early-industry-on-the-marsh/
As a flood prone peninsula, the North Greenwichmarshesarea remained undeveloped until the 19th century, when industrial development swept the area. With good access to the river for importing and exporting goods, it became a thriving home to rope making, cable making, and the manufacture of soap, linoleum, gas and other industries. The first cable to span the Atlantic was manufactured in North Greenwich, and Alcatel still manufactures international cable at Enderby's Wharf.
===Halsted=== '''Geographical Note and Social context:''' The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent: Volume 3. Originally published by W Bristow, Canterbury, 1797.:
HALSTED lies on high ground among the hills. It contains about nine hundred acres of land, of which about eighty are wood. The soil is either chalk or a stiff clay, much covered with flints. The church is situated about half a mile westward from the high London road, leading through Farnborough towards Sevenoke, at the distance of about eighteen miles from London, on which is a hamlet called Lock's Bottom. The village of Halsted stands about a mile south-eastward from the church; southward of which the parish is bounded by a large coppice wood, reaching almost as far as Madamscott-hill, the whole of it is rather a lonely unfrequented place, having nothing further worth mentioning in it. Edward Hasted, 'Parishes: Halsted', in The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent: Volume 3 (Canterbury, 1797), pp. 13-19. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-kent/vol3/pp13-19 [accessed 27 August 2023]. ===Hinton St George=== '''Geographical Note and Social context:''' A History of the County of Somerset: Volume 4. Originally published by Victoria County History, London, 1978. .
The hill-top (hēa-tun) village of Hinton St. George occupies a prominent position on a north facing scarp at the north-western corner of Crewkerne hundred. It lies in the centre of its roughly rectangular parish, which is nearly 2 miles long and just over a mile wide. Most of the parish lies on Yeovil Sands, providing arable, meadow, and pasture in the northern valley below the 250 ft. scarp and forming an undulating terrain to the south. Clay and limestone are revealed by a fault bisecting the southern half of the parish. Bricks were made in the parish in the 17th century, and Brick Kiln Close survived as a fieldname near the southern boundary in the late 18th century, There seem to have been at least three stone quarries in the 14th century, Park quarry and Keeper's quarry were still being used in the early 19th century, together with others at Crimbleford Knap and Stockbridge. Marl was dug in the parish in the 17th century. Water rising in Hinton park drove Hinton mill on the Lopen border. .
Before the end of the 18th century the village consisted of regular tenements lying either side of a single street. Its eastern end, where several roads converged, was known as Townsend by 1716. North of Townsend, but perhaps once including it, was a green. At the western end of the village stood the church and the manor house. There were at least three inns in Hinton in the late 17th century. During the 17th century there were flax, flax yarn, hemp, and looms, to a flax dresser in 1682, and to a worsted comber in the 1690s, and 'linmen' occur c. 1760 and just after the turn of the century. There is otherwise the usual collection of plumber, maltster, blacksmith, tailor, and carpenter, with such additions as cooks, gardeners, and a barber who owed much of their livelihood to employment in the Poulett household and estate. There was also at least one shop.
A carrier living in the village in 1635 (fn. 169) travelled to London each week until the 1650s, (fn. 170) and a Hounslow waggoner was buried there in 1636. The south-west of the parish has probably always been wooded, and Fursyempnet implies other previous vegetation. Moorland attached to the Forde abbey holding in Craft perhaps refers to the higher land on the southern boundary. A P Baggs and R J E Bush, 'Parishes: Hinton St. George', in A History of the County of Somerset: Volume 4, ed. R W Dunning (London, 1978), pp. 38-52. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/som/vol4/pp38-52 [accessed 28 August 2023].,.
Hinton St George used to hold cattle fairs and many cattle were brought in along the droves of South Somerset. A fair was held annually on St George’s Day until the late 1940’s. The wide village main street is a legacy of those former days when drovers herded their cattle into the village.
The Almshouses were situated near the church and dated from 1648. The present Almshouses in Gas Lane date from 1872 and were provided by the 6th Earl Poulett and his aunt, Lady Augusta.
The school was built in 1850 but there is evidence that the Poulett family provided education for the village children from 1776.
Written by Bill Newey on behalf of Hinton St George Parish Councilhttps://hintonstgeorge.org.uk/our-history/
  ===Horsham=== ''' Geographical Note and Social context:''' Horsham is a market town on the upper reaches of the River Arun on the fringe of the Weald in West Sussex. Various on line sources describe the towns importance in the start of the 17th C, housing the south Sussex Gaol, and regular Assizes.
The local iron industry was running down by the start of the 17th C , but charcoal burning, to fuel a glass making industry was causing concern, so that it was raised in Parliament in 1615 and consideration was even given to banning the use of wood in glass furnaces.
===Hundleby=== '''Geographical Notes and Social context:''' In 1870-72, John Marius Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales described Hundleby like this:
HUNDLEBY, a village and a parish in Spilsby district, Lincoln. is a pleasant place.—The parish includes Twentylands, 1 mile S of the village; and has 243 acres of allotment in the West Fen. Total acres, 1, 228. Pop., 704. Houses, 126. https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/12650
Although Hundleby is only a mile from the small town of Spilsby, there was a time when Hundleby was the town and Spilsby its adjoining hamlet. . Like so many places in Lincolnshire, Hundleby is predominantly an agricultural community but it has boasted its own industries, notably a flourishing brickworks and brewery. Hundleby had five shops of its own in 1856, including a shoemaker, a tailor and a baker, and two inns. There were also three joiners, a builder, a wheelwright and a nurseryman working in the village, along with a surgeon and a law clerk. No less than eight farmers lived within the parish. https://hundleby.parish.lincolnshire.gov.uk/parish-information/hundleby/2
===Knockholt=== ‘''Geographical Note and Social context:''' In 1870-72, John Marius Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales described Knockholt like this:
KNOCKHOLT, or NOCKHOLT, a village and a parish in Bromley district, Kent. The village stands on high ground, is a straggling but pleasant place; and. has a post office under Sevenoaks. The parish comprises 1, 683 acres.
Pop., 617. Houses, 133. A clump of very old trees, called the Knockholt beeches, is on a lofty hill, and is visible at long distances around. There are a Wesleyan chapel, an endowed school, with £50 a year.https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/6350
Until relatively recently, they depended largely on agriculture and of the 290 males in the village at the 1851 census, 77 were agricultural workers. There were 11 farmers, supported by ancillary trades such as blacksmiths and saddlers, and of the 1,701 acres in the parish, 1,668 comprised woodlands, pasture and arable land.
In 1820 there were 83 dwellings in Knockholt, though there was a steady rise to about 240 over the next 90 years, a nearly threefold increase. http://www.knockholtparish.org.uk/community/knockholt-parish-council-13068/parish-history/#:~:text=Legend%20has%20it%20that%20William,the%20highest%20village%20in%20Kent.
===Kensington===  '''Geographical Notes and Social context:''' Queen Victoria was born at Kensington Palace in 1819. At that time the population of Kensington amounted to some 12,000 souls, and was already growing fast. By 1901 it exceeded 176,000, having multiplied itself over twenty times during the preceding century..
The ancient parish to the north of Kensington High Street, together with those parts of Kensal New Town and Kensington Palace Gardens were incorporated into the Royal Borough of Kensington on its formation in 1900. This area measures a mile or less in breadth and two and a half miles north-westward to Kensal Green.
The inhabitants of Victorian northern Kensington included all ranks of society, from the dukes on Campden Hill and the great men of commerce in Kensington Palace Gardens down to the pig-keepers of the Potteries and the laundresses of Kensal Green. The great majority of them belonged to the middle classes. The existence of a middle-class required many local services for its maintenance: a substantial amount of unskilled or semi-skilled employment. In Kensington Registration District more than one in every six of all women aged over twenty years were servants, the vast majority of whom 'lived in'. By 1876 the commercial section of the local directory contained over 2,500 entries for northern Kensington, made up of no less than 220 different trades. The public houses and the shops for the sale of food, clothing and household goods, were distributed throughout the whole area, but there were also a number of other trades, such as those of launderer, cow keeper, cab proprietor and job master, which were heavily concentrated in the poorer areas, chiefly around Golborne Road and (particularly in the case of the launderers) Bramley Road and Kensal Green. There was manufacturing industries, the makers of pianos, umbrellas, hair, plumes, bird-cages and sound-boards for harmoniums, etc. A substantial amount of local labour was engaged in providing the day-to-day services (chiefly in the fields of food, drink, clothing, household equipment, laundering, domestic service, jobbing building and transport) required for the maintenance of the middle-class residents. Pockets of cheap labour, such as those to be found in Kensal Green, Notting Hill Gate or the vicinity of the Potteries, were in fact a necessary adjunct of a predominantly middle-class Victorian suburb, and had a vital function to perform within it.https://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-london/vol37/pp1-24
===Landreath=== ''' Geographical Note and Social context:''' The National Gazetteer of Great Britain and Ireland - 1868 "LANREATH, a parish in the hundred of West, county Cornwall. It is situated on a branch of the river Fowey called Herod's Foot, and contains the lakes of Ball and Trebant. The inhabitants are chiefly engaged in agriculture. Lime is burnt. The soil is clay upon a subsoil of killas. Some of the land is fertile, but the greater portion of inferior quality. The church, dedicated to St. Marnarch, It contains a curious Norman font,. The register dates from 1555. Cattle fairs are held in the third week after Shrove Tuesday, 2nd May, and 18th November."https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/CON/Lanreath
===Lewisham===  '''Geographical Note and Social Context:''' The village of Lewisham is situated on the road to Bromley, and extends nearly a mile in length. The church, which stands about the centre of the village, is not far from the six-mile stone. About two thirds of the cultivated land are arable. The woodlands are about 200 acres, the waste on Sydenham-common, Blackheath, &c. nearly 1000. There are about fifty acres of nursery ground, and there are about forty cultivated by market gardeners. The soil is various, principally loam, clay, and gravel.
The village developed northward with the coming of the railway in 1849. At South-end is a mill, formerly knife-blades, it is now a mustard-mill. At Lewisham is a mill for making cloth without weaving,. These mills are upon the Ravensborne, which runs through the parish, and the village, from south to north. At the five-mile-stone from London, there is a bridge over it.
A considerable portion of Blackheath is in this parish. In the year 1682, Lord Dartmouth obtained a grant of a market, to be held twice a-week upon Blackheath and two annual fairs, now held only on the 12th of May, and the 11th of October. The market has been for several years discontinued; the fair is held for cattle . From The Environs of London: Volume 4, Counties of Herts, Essex and Kent. Originally published by T Cadell and W Davies, London, 1796. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/london-environs/vol4/pp514-536
===Lingfield=== '''Geographical Notes and Social context:''' A History of the County of Surrey: Volume 4. Originally published by Victoria County History, London, 1912. >
Lingfield is a village and a parish which occupies the south-eastern corner of Surrey, adjoining the county of Kent on the east. It measures nearly 3½ miles both ways, being roughly square, and contains 9,191 acres. The northern part of the parish is on the Wealden Clay; the southern half, which includes Dormansland, Chartham Park and Felbridge Park, is on the Hastings Sand. Several streams run through it, converging to form the Eden River, which flows by Edenbridge in Kent into the Medway. The water-meadows by the river are noted for their hay. When Manning and Bray wrote, the hay and the aftermath were the property of various farms in the parish, the produce of small strips being apportioned to each. (fn. 1) These authors speak also of the extensive commons, but are said to have overestimated their acreage, as they certainly do that of the parish, which they call 10,000 acres. The southern part of the parish is in the old iron district. A forge and a furnace 'about Copthorne and Lingfield' were owned by Lady Gage in 1574, (fn. 11) and Clarke's pond and Cook's pond may have been heads for water power to work hammers. Iron ore is still very abundant in the Hastings Sand. The parish was and still is for the most part agricultural.'Parishes: Lingfield', in A History of the County of Surrey: Volume 4, ed. H E Malden (London, 1912), pp. 302-311. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/surrey/vol4/pp302-311 [accessed 27 August 2023].>
===Lyndhurst=== '''Geographical Notes and Social context:''' The Imperial Gazetteer of England & Wales 1870
LYNDHURST, a village, a parish, and a sub-district, in New Forest district, Hants. The village stands near the centre of the New Forest, 1½ mile SW by W of Lyndhurst-Road r. station, is the capital of the New Forest, and a seat of petty sessions; contains the Queen’s House, in which the Forest courts are held; has a post office under Lymington, and a good inn.
The parish contains also the hamlets of Pike Hill, Botton-Bench, and part of Emery-Down. Acres, 3,618. Real property, £5,942. Pop., 1,522. Houses, 311. The property is much subdivided.
All the area, except 3 acres, is in the New Forest; 3,265 acres being in Irons-Hill-Walk, and 350 in Rhinefield-Walk.
There are a Baptist chapel, a national school, a school endowment of £26 a year, and charities £53.
The sub-district contains also another parish, an extra-parochial tract, and large portions of New Forest in Hants, a parish in Wilts, and a parish partly in Hants and partly in Wilts. Acres, 25,723. Pop., 3,355. Houses, 708.https://www.parishmouse.co.uk/hampshire/lyndhurst-hampshire-family-history-guide/#mcetoc_1gj29vkc02pr
===Luxulyan=== '''Geographical Note and Social context:''' Luxulyan Parish comprises 5,354 acres. The main natural features are the Luxulyan valley with its large expanses of moorland, such as Conce, Menedew and Treskilling. The moors provided a minimal income for local people who spent time streaming tin, often during the winter when farming was at its quietest; this can be seen from the occupations given in the parish registers at the various seasons. The surface granite was used for many years, building homes, cattle sheds & barns Old corn or grist mills start with a document of 1424 for Relythian or Relidden Mill, later Bridges Mill, possibly also known as Doga (pronounced Dugga) Mill. For Luxulyan Corn Mill, later Gattys Mill, documentation starts in 1558; t Much later came Rock Mill, Wood Mill, Lestoon Mill and Ponts Mill. Although some houses and fields of that hamlet were in Luxulyan parish, Ponts Mill itself was in Lanlivery. There was also a bone mill at Lower Menedew. We have 17th century buildings at Trevillyn, Trenince, Conce, Bodwen, Medros, Methrose, Prideaux and Bodiggo; these are all listed, but there are several others of a similar age. http://www.luxulyanpc.co.uk/Parish_History_33326.aspx ===Malvern=== '''Geographical Notes and Social context:''' A Topographical Dictionary of England 1848
Malvern, or Great Malvern (St. Mary), a parish, in the union of Upton-upon-Severn, Lower division of the hundred of Pershore, Upton and W. divisions of the county of Worcester containing 2768 inhabitants.
The parish comprises 4297a. 1r. 11p. of land, exclusive of common and waste. The town is situated in an elevated, dry, and sheltered situation fronting the vale of the Severn, and is one of the most ancient and celebrated inland watering-places in Great Britain, having frequently been honoured by royal visits, The society is of the first order; during the summer months the place is very full, and often crowded. There are several excellent hotels, the principal of which are the Foley Arms and the Belle Vue, with various boarding and lodging houses. The library is a handsome building in the Italian style, a part is appropriated to a bazaar, and adjoining are baths and billiard-rooms. The purity and invigorating quality of the waters here, for the use of which the most elegant accommodation is provided, and the salubrity of the air, have long given celebrity to Malvern, as a retreat for invalids. https://www.parishmouse.co.uk/worcestershire/great-malvern-worcestershire-family-history-guide/#worcestershire-delineated-c-and-j-greenwood-1822
===Margate=== '''Geographical Note and Social context. ''' In 1887, John Bartholomew's Gazetteer of the British Isles described Margate like this:
Margate, mun. bor., par., and seaside resort, Kent, in Isle of Thanet, 74 miles E. of London by rail - par., 3919 ac. and 618 foreshore, pop. 18,226; mun. bor., 995 ac., pop. 16,030; 2 Banks, 3 newspapers. The place was formerly known as Mergate, meaning a passage to the sea.
The mun. bor., which received its charter of incorporation in 1857, is a corporate member of the Cinque Port of Dover. Margate is undoubtedly the most familiar seaside resort of Londoners, of whom many thousands visit the place every year. Much has been done in the town for the convenience and comfort of visitors; piers and esplanades especially have been constructed at great expense. The town is well known for its fine hotels and its hospitals for the reception of invalids. Sea fishing is the chief industry, considerable numbers of flat fish being brought to the shore. At W. end of pier is a lighthouse 70 ft. high, with fixed light 85 ft. above high water and seen 10 miles.https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/709
In addition to flatfish there was an annual fishery for prime herring, known as Margate herring, and a fishery for crab and lobster. ===St Marylebone=== ''' Geographical Note and Social context:''' By the mid-18th century, St Marylebone had developed into a small village surrounded by pastoral fields with the adjacent pleasure-ground of Marylebone Gardens laid to the southeast. The third church building was built directly on the ground of its predecessor and opened in April 1742.
However, these modest premises soon proved too small to adequately support and serve its rapidly developing parish, which had grown from 577 houses in 1739 to 6200 houses by 1795. Thus, a fourth parish church was planned and executed in the 19th century.
After the building and consecration of the fourth parish church, the third church continued to serve its parish as a small chapel-of-ease . https://stmarylebone.org/about-us/heritage/heritage-the-four-churches/third-church/
Marylebone became a fashionable place to live but also to visit. Before the redevelopment began, the bowling greens had been turned into pleasure gardens. They closed in the 1770s, by which time the gardens were hemmed in by other buildings.
During the late-18th century, the main street became the Marylebone High Street . Tradesmen included an apothecary, baker, goldbeater, hairdresser, shoemaker and watchmaker.
The Portland Estate leased pieces of land out on 99-year leases, on which builders of all types built according to plans approved by the Estate. Alongside buildings developed by private speculators were others built for the public good, like the workhouse and schools and a police station that was opened in 1821.
As well as the rich and fashionable, the Marylebone parish had its share of poverty, homelessness and associated problems. Following its demise, the Marylebone Gardens area degenerated into slums, home to the poorest and most helpless, attracting beggars and criminals. Victorian reformers such as Octavia Hill and Lady Howard de Walden began to redevelop the houses around Grotto Passage and Paradise Street from the 1860s onwards with what was effectively social housing. A ragged school for poor children was built in 1846 and clubs for poor and homeless opened.https://www.marylebonevillage.com/about-and-visit/our-history
===Mereworth=== ''' Geographical Note and Social context:''' The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent: Volume 5. Originally published by W Bristow, Canterbury, 1798. THE PARISH of Mereworth is within the district of the Weald, being situated southward of the quarry hills. The turnpike road crosses this parish through the vale from Maidstone, towards Hadlow and Tunbridge In the western part of this parish, on the high road is the village, where at Mereworth cross it turns short off to the southward towards Hadlow and Tunbridge, at a small distance further westward is the church and parsonage, the former is a conspicuous ornament to all the neighbouring country throughout the valley; hence the ground rises to Yokes, which is most pleasantly situated on the side of a hill, commanding a most delightful and extensive prospect over the Weald, and into Surry and Sussex. Towards the north this parish rises up to the ridge of hills, called the Quarry-hills, over which is the extensive tract of wood-land, called the Herst woods. The soil of this parish is very fertile, being the quarry stone thinly covered with a loam, throughout the northern part of it; but in the southern or lower parts it is a fertile clay, being mostly pasture and exceeding rich grazing land, Edward Hasted, 'Parishes: Mereworth', in The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent: Volume 5 (Canterbury, 1798), pp. 70-90. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-kent/vol5/pp70-90 [accessed 28 August 2023].
===Muggington=== '''Geographical Notes and Social context:''' In 1870-72, John Marius Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales described Mugginton like this:
MUGGINTON, a township in Belper district, and a parish partly also in Ashborne district, Derby. The township lies on an affluent of the river Derwent, 4 miles W by N of Duffield r. station, and contains a pleasant village of its own name, situated on an acclivity.
Pop., 261. Houses, 52. The parish contains also the townships of Weston-Underwood and Mercaston, and the hamlet of Ravensdale Park. Post-town, Brailsford, under Derby. Acres, 5, 324. Pop., 689. Houses, 133. There are a national school, a girls'school, and charities £65, a portion of which goes to thenational school.https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/21023
From: Kelly's Directory of the Counties of Derby, Notts, Leicester and Rutland pub. London (May, 1891) - pp.268-269
The soil is gravel; subsoil, lime and sandstone. The chief crops are wheat, oats and barley, and about three parts pasture. The area of the parish is 5,324 acres ; area of Mugginton only, 2,203 acres ; rateable value, included with that of Weston Underwood, £4,542 ; the population of Mugginton township in 1881 was 194, and of the parish 501.https://www.andrewsgen.com/dby/kelly/muggington.htm
===Mutrix=== '''Geographical Note and Social context:''' Mutrix Garlinge was a small hamlet attached to a farm to the north of the railway line north of the village of Garlinge. Both are about midway between Westgate and Margate, Thanet, Kent.
Previously known as Mutterer, it had about three cottages.
From: The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent: Volume 10. Originally published by W Bristow, Canterbury, 1800.https://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-kent/vol10/pp312-355
The Farm is listed in Post Office Directory of Kent (1867) and Kelly’s Directory of Kent (1890) occupied by John HARLOW, market gardener ~ Mutrix {1867} • James HARLOW, market gardener ~ Mutrix, Garlinge {1890} → Mutrix Farm Ho, Garlingehttp://www.shelwin.com/e/Thanet_Research/pt_farms.pdf
They appear on the OS 6inch survey of 1896 – 1899. https://maps.nls.uk/view/101428782 The hamlet is so small that there are only two groups of buildings, the farm complex, and one other warren of eight buildings, of which the 1934 survey suggests three are dwellings and the rest are glasshouses around a yard, off Westbrook Road at about current houses 137 to 139. Mutrix farm was on the corner of Mutrix Gardens and Westbrook Avenue, the hamlet was midway between Mutrix Gardens and Audley Avenue.
===Naughton=== '''Geographical Note and Social context:''' In 1870-72, John Marius Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales described Naughton like this:br/> NAUGHTON, a parish in Cosford district, Suffolk. Acres, 854. Pop., 155. Houses, 31. . https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/7531
The parish, is wholly agricultural. The land is chiefly arable.
===Norton Canes=== '''Geographical Note and Social context:''' "Norton under Cannock, or Norton Canes, is a small village, seated on a gentle eminence, comprising within its parish are 755 inhabitants, and 2613 acres of enclosed land, 120 acres of wood, and upwards of 1600 acres of the extensive heath called Cannock Chase. By 1666 when the Hearth Tax was assessed, 27 households were recorded in Norton and 23 in Wyrley. A further 11 households were not assessed for the tax.
Little Wyrley is a manor and hamlet, of scattered farms and a few cottages, on the Pelsall road, of Norton Canes, and near Wyrley Bank. Brownhills, a scattered village and district in this parish, near the Wyrley and Essington Canal, and the Roman Watling Street, has a station on the South Staffordshire Railway, near the south end of Cannock Chase, where there are extensive collieries.
In 1840 the Anglesey Branch of the Wyrley and Essington Canal was built while in 1858 the Norton branch of the South Staffordshire Railway was constructed to carry ‘mineral products’ from the coalfield to the South Staffordshire towns and to Birmingham. The Cannock Extension Canal was also built in the late 1850s. Further railway development saw the building of the Norton branch of the LNWR in 1879 and increased production at Conduit No 3 Colliery after 1894 was to lead to the construction of a loop to Norton Canes in 1895. [From History, Gazetteer and Directory of Staffordshire, William White, Sheffield, 1851] and https://www.search.staffspasttrack.org.uk/Details.aspx?&ResourceID=17606&PageIndex=5&SearchType=2&ThemeID=750 ===Penshurst=== '''Geographical Note and Social context:''' PENSHURST lies in the Weald, about four miles Southward from the foot of the sand hills, and the same distance from Tunbridge town, and the high London road from Sevenoke. The soil, for the most part a stiff clay, being well adapted to the large growth of timber for which this parish is remarkable. The parish is watered by the river Eden, which runs through the centre of it, and here taking a circular course, and having separated into two smaller streams, joins the river Medway, which flows by the southern part of the park towards Tunbridge. Close to the south west corner of the park and very near to the Place, is the village of Penshurst, with the church and parsonage. At a small distance, on the other side the river, southward, is Ford-place, and here the country becomes more low, and being watered by the several streams, becomes wet, the roads miry and bad, and the grounds much covered with coppice wood, at Stone cross. In a deep hole, in the Medway, near the lower end of Penshurst-park, called Tapner's-hole, there arises a spring, which produces a visible and strong ebullition on the surface of the river; and above Well-place, which is a farm house, near the south-east corner of the park, there is a fine spring, called Kidder's-well, which, having been chemically analysed, is found to be a stronger chalybeate than those called Tunbridge-wells; there is a stone bason for the spring to rise in, and run to waste. This parish, as well as the neighbouring ones, abounds with iron ore, and most of the springs in them are more or less chalybeate. In the losty beeches, near the keeper's lodge, in Penshurst-park, is a noted beronry; (an old spelling of heronry) which, since the destruction of that in lord Dacre's park, at Aveley, in Essex, is, I believe, the only one in this part of England. A fair is held here on July I, for pedlary, &c. Edward Hasted, 'Parishes: Penshurst', in The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent: Volume 3 (Canterbury, 1797), pp. 227-257. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-kent/vol3/pp227-257 [accessed 27 August 2023]. ===Pitney=== '''Geographical Note and Social context:''' A History of the County of Somerset: Volume 3. Originally published by Victoria County History, London, 1974.
The ancient parish of Pitney in 1876 was said to be just over 1,303 a. in extent, (fn. 1) which included 262 a. of Pitney moor, part of King's Sedgemoor, awarded to the parish in return for its proportion of common rights in the whole 'moor' in 1795. Pitney village lies in a valley on each side of a stream flowing westwards into the Low Ham rhine. From this valley the ground rises eastwards and southwards, reaching 150 ft. along the LangportSomerton road. To the north, near Pitney wood, it reaches 225 ft., forming a spur at the end of the scarp running westwards from Somerton, overlooking King's Sedgemoor. The arable land of the parish lay on this clayey ground rising from the village. Meadow lay largely along the western boundary, on the narrow ledge between the foot of the scarp and the Low Ham Rhine (now Leazemoor Rhyne).
Until the parish was inclosed in 1807 there were three substantial open arable fields in Pitney. There is some evidence to suggest an earlier and different arrangement, implying the existence of only one field, known as Pitney field, in the 15th and 16th centuries. Commonable pasture was largely on King's Sedgemoor, but also on Leazemoor and Pitney Steart moor, in the north of the parish, and on Gore common, north of Gore Road. Parts of Leazemoor were apparently inclosed c. 1583, when the 'moor' was claimed as waste.
Pitney was an exclusively agricultural community, 66 of its 70 families in 1821 being engaged in agriculture. Trades were largely confined to those ancillary to farming, though some gloving was carried on. There were two mills, two millers regularly appeared at the manor court between 1596 and 1604. In 1605 a third miller was said to have recently erected a windmill. In 1691 Pitney Lorty manor included a water-mill and a windmill. A P Baggs, R J E Bush and Margaret Tomlinson, 'Parishes: Pitney', in A History of the County of Somerset: Volume 3, ed. R W Dunning (London, 1974), pp. 50-56. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/som/vol3/pp50-56 [accessed 28 August 2023].
===Portsmouth=== '''Geographical Note and Social context:''' Portsmouth, The Imperial Gazetteer of England & Wales [Wilson, John M]. A. Fullarton & Co. N. d. c. [1870-72]
Portsmouth town, or P. proper, comprises less than 110 acres of land and 62 of foreshore. Pop. in 1851, 9,897; in 1861, 10,346 Houses, 1,028 The sub-district is conterminate with the town. The parish includes also small portions of Kingston and Portsea sub-districts, and comprises entirely 110 acres of land and 62 of foreshore. Pop. in 1851, 10, 329; in 1861, 10, 833. Houses, 1, 119. The living of St. Thomas is a vicarage, and that of St. Mary is a p. curacy. The borough, both municipally and parliamentarily, comprises the parishes of Portsmonth and Portsea. Acres, 7,063; of which 2,030 are foreshore. The old borough was less than half the extent of the present borough; yet included Portsmouth and Portsea towns,https://www.parishmouse.co.uk/hampshire/portsmouth-hampshire-family-history-guide/#parish-history
The first houses in Portsea were built around St Georges Square at the end of the 17th century. One of these still stands. Number 90 was built around 1690 for a wealthy merchant. By the start of the 18th-century workmen in the dockyard started to build houses on the farmland outside the dockyard. However, the governor of the dockyard was afraid the houses would provide cover for enemy soldiers if they attacked. He threatened to turn his guns on any new houses. Prince George, the husband of Queen Anne, was visiting Portsmouth. The dockyard workers appealed to him. He spoke to his wife and she gave the workmen permission to build houses near their place of work.
Bonfire Corner probably got its name because dockyard workers burned rubbish there.
In 1764 a body of men called Improvement Commissioners were formed with powers to pave and clean the streets of Portsea. a scavenger who came with a cart and rang a bell. He collected rubbish and was allowed to sell it as fertilizer.
People who lived in Portsea were part of the parish of St Marys in Fratton. . St Georges Church was built in 1754. In 1755 The Beneficial Society was formed. It was a friendly society (it provided help in times of sickness and with funerals). The Beneficial Society also ran a school for poor children.
The ‘suburb’ soon outgrew Old Portsmouth. In 1792 its name was changed from Portsmouth Common to Portsea. By 1801 Portsea had a population of about 25,000 while Old Portsmouth had only about 7,000. https://localhistories.org/a-history-of-portsea/
===Ringwood=== '''Geographical Note and Social context:''' The Imperial Gazetteer of England & Wales 1870
RINGWOOD, a small town, a parish, a district, a hundred, and a division, in Hants. The town stands on the river Avon, It was long famous, in modern times, for good ale and for a particular sort of woollen gloves; has still two breweries, some hosiery manufacture, and steam and water biscuit manufactories; it consists chiefly of four streets, diverging from a market-place; three bridges over three branches of the Avon,
A weekly general market is held on Wednesday; a cattle market, on every alternate Wednesday; and fairs, on 10, July and 11 Dec.
The parish comprises the tythings of Ringwood-Town, Ashley, Bistern and Crow Burley, Kingston, Avon, Wattenford, Moortown, Poulner, Hop-Garden, and part of Blashford; and includes 570 acres in the Burley-walk, and 25 in the Holmesley-walk, of the New Forest. Total acres, 8,050 of which 2,809 acres are arable land, 2,321 acres permanent grass and 2,385 acres woods and plantations. Real property of fisheries, and in gas-works. Pop. in 1851, 3, 928; in 1861, 3, 751. Houses, 784.https://www.parishmouse.co.uk/hampshire/ringwood-hampshire-family-history-guide/#the-imperial-gazetteer-of-england-amp-wales-1870
===Saxlby=== '''Geographical Note and Social context:''' In 1870-72, John Marius Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales described Saxilby like this:
SAXELBY, a village and a parish in the district and county of Lincoln. The village stands near the rivulet Till, and the Foss dyke navigation, The parish contains also the hamlets of North Ingleby and South Ingleby, and comprises 4, 270 acres. Pop., 1, 174. Houses, 260. The property is subdivided. Wharves for coal and corn are on the Foss dyke; and there are brickfields and a barrow. https://www.britainexpress.com/attractions.htm?attraction=2651
A family lived in a single roomed building, constructed in Lincolnshire and Yorkshire of wooden battened walls coated in mud (mud and stud), with a thatched roof made usually from reeds where available. The only stone built buildings in the village were the church, which was used additionally as the meeting house, and the residence of the Lord of the Manor; brick built workers cottages did not appear until the late 17th century. Agriculture was still based on the open field system, untill enclosure in 1804
On the edge of Saxilby is the hamlet of Broadholme. Manor Farm in Broadholme stands on the site of a medieval nunnery. The surviving estate map of 1648 was drawn up during the Civil War for the Worshipful John Buxton, the Lord of the Manor at Broadholme. He was living in the former nunnery renamed Broadholme Hall. There were seven other landlords named on the map.
Considerable improvements were made to the Fossdyke in 1672, and the Brayford in Lincoln developed into a busy port. By the mid 18th century, the expansion in both road and waterway traffic brought increasing prosperity to the village. The City of Lincoln leased the Fossdyke to Richard Ellison in 1741; the channel was restored, and re-opened in 1744. At the same time, turnpike roads were being established. A road ‘leading from Carholm Gate to Drinsey Nook, Dunham and Littleborough (Marton) Ferries’ opened in 1756, and a new drawbridge was built over the canal on Fosse (Bridge) Street.https://www.saxilbyhistory.org/village-history
===Skellingthorpe=== '''Geographical Note and Social Context:''' In 1870-72, John Marius Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales described Skellingthorpe like this: SKELLINGTHORPE, a village and a parish in the district and county of Lincoln. . The parish contains also the hamlet of Swallowbeck, and comprises 6,220 acres. The manor was bequeathed, in 1693, by H. Stone, Esq., to Christ's hospital, London. Much of the land was reclaimed from a marshy state subsequent to 1835. Before the marsh was drained three were several duck decoys providing the market with wild duck. The single survival is thought to be one of the oldest decoys in Lincolnshire, and was in existence by 1693 when it was leased for a yearly rent of 16 pounds, 10 shillings, demonstrating the high income potential of the decoy. It is a significant landscape feature in a 1743 engraving of the south-west prospect of Lincoln, where it is shown to be well wooded in comparison with the surrounding treeless fen. The land around the decoy was enclosed for farmland following an Act of Parliament, and it had been the last Lincolnshire decoy in active use when it ceased being worked in 1840. https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/13569https://heritage-explorer.lincolnshire.gov.uk/Monument/MLI60297
===Sleaford=== '''Geographical Notes and Social Context:''' Sleaford is a market town and civil parish in Lincolnshire, England. It is on the edge of the fertile Fenlands. In the medieval period, records differentiate between Old and New Sleaford, the latter emerging in the areas around the present day market place and St Denys\’ Church. Granted the right to hold a market in the mid-12th century, New Sleaford developed into a market town and became locally important in the wool trade, while Old Sleaford declined.
From the 16th century, the landowners were the Carre family, who operated tight control over the town, and it grew little in the early modern period. The manor passed from the Carre family in 1688. The town\’s common land and fields were legally enclosed by 1794, giving ownership mostly to the Hervey family; this coincided with making the Slea into a canal, which connected the town with Boston, Lincoln, and the Trent navigation, and greatly promotes the trade. and heralded the first steps towards modern industry. The Sleaford Navigation brought economic growth until it was superseded by the railways in the mid-1850s
The parish has a quarry from which durable white freestone, called Ancaster Stone, from which large quantities of stone were extracted. Market Day was held on Mondays. There were 5 annual cattle fairs, held on Plough Monday, Easter Monday, Whit Monday, August 12th and October 20th. for horses, cattle, sheep, and provisions. There was also a cheese mart on October 1st. br/> From the Middle Ages, Sleaford was surrounded by three open fields known as North, West and Sleaford Fields. When these were enclosed in 1794, over 90 per cent of the 1,096 acres (444 hectares) of the open land was owned by Lord Bristol. Despite the costs of fencing and re-organisation, the system was easier to farm and cottages were built closer to fields, while the landowner could charge more rent owing to the increased profitability of the land.
===Shepton Mallet=== '''Geographical Notes and Social context:''' The town of Shepton Mallet is situated on the upper reaches of the River Sheppey, and just off the fertile shelf at the foot of the Mendips. The site gives access to the resources of both the Levels and the Mendips, including good agricultural land and sheep pastures, building stone and water power. Market and fair grants were made in 1260 and 1318. A planned urban core may have been laid out, and though no borough was ever established, the amounts of tax which were raised Shepton in the medieval period testify to its prosperity, which was firmly based on the woollen industry.
Shepton continued to thrive in the Post-medieval period, and its continued significance was underlined by the placing of the county prison there in the early 17th century. In the 17th and 18th centuries the town expanded eastward along the river, where were built the mills on which its prosperity rested. Shepton itself, and the outlying settlements, became populous, industrialised settlements. Collinson in 1791 describes an industry employing about four and a half thousand people in the valley (when the silk and crepe mills as well as the woollen mills are included). But the streets of Shepton, according to his account, were narrow and dirty.
The woollen industry was already declining by the late 18th century and this trend continued in the early 19th century. However, other industries, such as silk manufacture, brewing and cheese making, were growing to take its place. Braggs' 1840 Directory was able to describe Shepton as a neat and clean market town, and the other 19th century directories also give a picture of a town in recovery from the failure of the cloth industry. The arrival of the railways from the 1850s onwards was a boost to the town. In fact, population has remained fairly steady since 1801 (around five to six thousand), though it has expanded physically, absorbing the surrounding settlements.https://www.somersetheritage.org.uk/eus/sheptonmallet_eus.html
===Snodland=== '''Geographical Note and Social context: ''' The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent: Volume 4. Originally published by W Bristow, Canterbury, 1798. .
SNODLAND lies on the western bank of the Medway, which is its eastern boundary opposite to Burham. The high road from Stroud to Larkfield goes through the village, which is situated about half a mile, and the church about midway from the river. It lies low, and being near the salt marshes, is not either very pleasant or very wholesome. In the southern part of the parish the stream which flows from Birling turns a paper mill here, and thence flows into the Medway, not far from which is Snodland and New-Hyth common. In the northern part of the parish next to Lower Halling, is the hamlet of Holborough, usually called Hoborow, no doubt for Old Borough, a name implying the antiquity of this place. From this low and flat country, on the bank of the river, the ground rises westward up to the range of high chalk hills, where the land becomes poor and much covered with flints.Edward Hasted, 'Parishes: Snodland', in The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent: Volume 4 (Canterbury, 1798), pp. 463-470. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-kent/vol4/pp463-470 [accessed 27 August 2023].
'''Geographical Note and Social context: ''' As the population of Soho started to grow in the 1670s Henry Compton, Bishop of London began fundraising in order to build a parish church , it was a further 10 years before St. Anne’s was consecrated.
In the first 50 years of its existence Soho was largely populated by aristocrats and other members of the upper and middle classes. However almost from the beginning artisans, traders and immigrants moved into the many streets of Soho, creating workshops, and it became a mixed residential and commercial district. From the mid-18th century the area went into decline and the wealthier types of people moved on. The buildings erected in Soho were built by a large number of different property speculators and builders, often of sub-standard workmanship and materials, and within a few decades were in poor condition.
Refugees began arriving in Soho almost from the beginning. The first were Greeks in the 1670s. The next group of refugees were Huguenots who arrived in the district from 1681, most of whom were craftsmen. By 1692 they had taken over the former Greek chapel in Hog Lane as well as founding five others. By 1711 the population of the parish of St. Anne’s, covering the Soho area, was slightly over 8,000, of which between a quarter and a half were French. The strong cosmopolitan nature of the area continued well into the 19th century.https://www.thehistoryoflondon.co.uk/the-development-of-soho/2/
===Spondon=== '''Geographical Notes and Social context:''' “SPONDON, a parish in the hundred of Appletree, county Derby, The village is situated near the Derby canal and the river Derwent. The parish formerly included the chapelries of Stanley, Chaddesden, and Lockhay, but these have recently been erected into separate parishes. A large portion of the inhabitants are employed in the cotton mills, and in framework knitting.
The village, situated on an eminence overlooking the Vale of Derwent, is of considerable extent, and contains many good houses. The chief produce is cheese. "
from The National Gazetteer of Great Britain and Ireland - 1868 https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/DBY/Spondon
In 1340, a huge fire began in a malt house on the site of the Malt Shovel Inn. The fire destroyed all but a small part of the settlement. Such was the devastation the villagers appealed to the King for help, who granted the villagers exemption from parish taxes for nine months. This funded the start of the rebuilding of the village over the following 50 years.
Following the rebuilding, the village grew once more and became a predominantly farming community. Other industries also sprung up in the village, including silk glove making, basket weaving, a brick yard, a timber yard and a blacksmiths.
Spondon's boom began in earnest in the late 1700s when the canal was built through the area while the arrival of the railways in the 1840s heralded the start of Spondon's housing expansion as railway workers and senior officials descended on the village. https://www.spondononline.co.uk/brief-history-of-spondon#:~:text=The%20origins%20of%20Spondon%20can,Spondune%20as%20a%20Gravelly%20Hill. ===St Dominic=== ''' Geographical Note and Social context:''' The parish of St Dominic is situated in the Deanery and Hundred of East. There are numerous small hamlets and isolated buildings in the area. Halton Quay played an important part in the economy of the parish in the 19th century when it was an important fruit growing area, and the Tamar River was the main route by which lime, sand and manure came in and fruit went down to Plymouth. As with much of the area, farming is the main industry.
Besides the Churchtown, the villages are: Cross, Burraton, Etheric (now Bohetheric), Halton Quay, and Ashton. There was a lot of good grazing land in this parish.
Most parish and church description(s) on these pages are from Lake's Parochial History of the County of Cornwall by J Polsue (Truro, 1867 - 1873)https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/CON/StDominick
===St Germans=== '''Geographical Note and Social context:''' The parish of St Germans, (Cornish: Lannaled), is situated in the Deanery and Hundred of East. The village of St Germans is on the lower reaches of the River Tiddy that eventually flows into Plymouth Sound. After the dissolution of the monasteries in the 16th century, the Eliot family bought the priory, which became known as Port Eliot. Originally a busy fishing port, cargos of timber, limestone, and coal were loaded onto ships at St Germans Quay. during the Victorian era.
Villages in the parish were Tideford, Hessenford, Minard Cross, Polbathick, and Bethany. Hessenford in 1834, and Tideford in 1852, were two new ecclesiastical parishes created out of this parish. In 1997, St Germans was split again to make two more parishes: St Germans and a new parish of Deviock. In consequence, the boundaries of the parish have frequently been changed due to this and various local government reorganisation initiatives.https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/CON/StGermans
===St Kew=== ''' Geographical Note and Social context:''' The parish of St Kew, (Cornish: Lanndogho), (anciently called Lanow or Lanew) is situated in the Deanery of Trigg Minor and Hundred of Trigg. St Kew Churchtown is the heart of the parish. This contains the church, the old vicarage and a 15th century Inn, and has a fair on 3 April. The parish comprises 7, 514 acres. St Kew Highway is a hamlet on the main road to Wadebridge; the other villages are the Churchtown, Chapel-Amble, Tregelles, Trelill, Trewerthan, Pendoggett, and Trequite.
Compiled from several Gazetteers.
===St. Martin's in the Fields=== '''Geographical Notes and Social context:''' St. Martin-in-the-Fields is a parish, in the city and liberty of Westminster.
The church of St. Martin's in the Fields is situated on the northern side of the western extremity of the Strand, and derives its name from being dedicated to St. Martin an Hungarian Saint, and its addition from its former situation in the fields.
The parish extends westward along the Mall to include half of St James's park, Green park and the northern part of Buckingham House garden. North nd east of Trafalgar Square is built up, where the parish extends along the Strand, a nd from Leister Square along Long Acre.
The parish had its share of slums and squalor, Walter Thornbury, 'St Martin-in-the-Fields', in Old and New London: Volume 3 (London, 1878) wrote "At the bottom of St. Martin's Lane was a nest or rookery of narrow lanes and streets, which rejoiced in slang names, such as "Porridge Island," "The Bermudas," and the "Straits of the Strand." The names in course of time became classical, being constantly imported into the comedies of the time by Ben Jonson and other authors. From the allusions to them which occur, it is clear that they were occupied by a low lot of inhabitants, who indulged in gin, ale, and fighting. Porridge Island, especially, was filled with second-rate cook-shops. In the World, of November 29th, 1753, we find an allusion to "a fine gentleman whose lodgings no one is acquainted with," as having his dinner "served up under cover of a pewter-plate from the cook-shops in Porridge Island." The greater part of this rookery was swept away about the year 1830, but a considerable portion of the low courts remain about Bedfordbury."
===St Minver=== '''Geographical Note and Social context: ''' The National Gazetteer of Great Britain and Ireland - 1868
"ST. MINVER, a parish in two divisions, Highlands and Lowlands, in the hundred of Trigg, is separated from the parish of Egloshayle by a stream which at high water is navigable to Amble Bridge. There is a quay for shipping corn and copper ore. A copper mine was wrought for some time, but the works have been discontinued.
"PORTHILLY, a village in the parish of St. Minver, hundred of Trigg,. It is situated on a creek in the Bristol Channel, and is a coastguard station. There is a small ancient chapel."
"ST. ENODOCK, a chapelry in the parish of St. Minver, It is situated near the mouth of the river Alan. https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/CON/StMinver
===St Pancras=== '''Geographical Notes and Social context:''' The National Gazetteer of Great Britain and Ireland - 1868
ST. PANCRAS, a parish and extensive suburban district of London, in the Holborn division of the hundred of Ossulstone and borough of Marylebone, county Middlesex. It contains the Euston-square terminus of the London and North-Western railway; the King's-cross terminus of the Great Northern; the new terminus of the Midland Counties railway, now in course of construction. This important parish comprises 2,600 acres, lying between Maiden-lane, Tavistock-square, Regent's-park, Primrose-hill, and Caen-wood, and includes the populous hamlets of Camden, Kentish, and Somers' towns, King's-cross, and parts of Haverstock-hill and Highgate.
The parish is traversed by the Regent's-park canal, on the banks of which are numerous wharves and storehouses. Few places exhibit in a more striking manner the extraordinary increase which, within the last century, and particularly during the last twenty-five years, has taken place in the numerous districts bordering on the metropolis. it now has a population of more than 200,000, and in the magnificence of its streets and public buildings rivals the best districts of the metropolis.
The Roman Catholics and the several Protestant Dissenting churches have places of worship, the most pretentious of which is the Irvingite Cathedral, or so-called Catholic Apostolic church, in Gordon-square. There are numerous schools and charitable institutions, In this parish are also Bagnigge Wells, formerly celebrated for its chalybeate waters, St. Chad's Well, and St. Pancras Wells. St. Pancras forms a union of itself, under the new Poor law Act, and is a superintendent registry district, with St. Katherine's, but exclusive of Highgate. It is comprised within the Bloomsbury new county-court district. https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/MDX/StPancras/StPancrasHistory
St. Pancras burial ground was closed in 1854. Prior to this date the graveyard had been the favourite burial place of the Catholic Irish. In addition, during the French Revolution the French Catholic refugees who died in London were buried here. Camden town is still a strong London Irish community. The area known as Agar Town, around Regents Canal and the Midland Railway line, and pars of Somerstown within the parries were so run down that the Midland Railway could persuade parliament that they should ne cleared to make way for the extension of the rail lines in 1866, wen they had only stood for 50 years.
===St Peter in Thanet=== '''Geographical Note: and Social context:''' St Peter in Thanet, from The Imperial Gazetteer of England & Wales 1870
PETER (St.), a village and a parish in Thanet district, Kent. The village stands on a pleasing eminence, ¾ of a mile WNW of Broadstairs r. station, 1½ SW of the North Foreland, and 2 SE of Margate; is a member of Dover cinque port; and has a post-office under Margate.
The parish contains also the chapelry of Broadstairs, Acres, 3,312; of which 397 are water. Pop. in 1851, 2,975; in 1861, 2,855. Houses, 604.
Water-works were constructed in 1859. The church ranges from Norman to later English; comprises nave, aisles, and chancel, with W tower. The tower serves as a sea-mark. There are chapels for Baptists and Wesleyans, an endowed school with £30 a year, and charities £200.
Source: The Imperial Gazetteer of England & Wales [Wilson, John M]. A. Fullarton & Co. N. d. c. [1870-72]. https://www.parishmouse.co.uk/kent/st-peter-in-thanet-kent-family-history-guide/#the-imperial-gazetteer-of-england-amp-wales-1870
===Sundridge=== '''Geographical Note: and Social context:''' The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent: Volume 3. Originally published by W Bristow, Canterbury, 1797: . The VILLAGE of Sundridge is situated on the high road leading to Westerham, which crosses the middle of this parish, as does the river Darent, in a double stream, a little to the northward of it; hence the ground rises still further northward for near a mile and a half to the great ridge of chalk hills, where it is little more than a mile in width; midway to the foot of these hills, is the seat of Combebank, the hamlet of Oveney's green, and the seat of Overden. Just below the village, southward is the church, and close by it the ancient site of Sundridge-place, on which is now only a farm-house; and about a half a mile eastward the manor of Dryhill. Southward from hence the parish extends three miles to the great ridge of sand hills, about midway there is on each side both coppice woods, and much rough ground, and the land becomes very poor. On the top of the hills is the hamlet, called Ide-hill. These hills separate the upland district from that below it, called the Weald, the part above them being distinguished by the name of Sundridge Upland, as that below it is by the name of Sundridge Weald, in the same manner as the other parishes are in the same situation. Near the foot of these hills, in the Weald where the foil becomes a stiff clay and a strong tillage land. The majority of the parrish is on chalk, so the land is well drained and mostly arable.Edward Hasted, 'Parishes: Sundridge', in The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent: Volume 3 (Canterbury, 1797), pp. 126-145. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-kent/vol3/pp126-145 [accessed 27 August 2023]. ===Sydenham=== '''Geographical Note and Social context:''' Sydenham started out as a small settlement, a few cottages among the woods, whose inhabitants grazed their animals and collected wood. In the 1640s, springs of water in what is now Wells Park were discovered to have medicinal properties, attracting crowds of people to the area.
Sydenham grew rapidly in the 19th century after the introduction of the canal in 1801, and then the relocation of the Crystal Palace in 1852 . Thanks to the exhibitions and concerts subsequently held in the Palace, Sydenham became a fashionable area to live and visit. https://lewisham.gov.uk/inmyarea/neighbourhoods/sydenham
===Syston=== '''Geographical Note and Social context:''' In 1870-72, John Marius Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales described Syston like this:
SYSTON, a village, a parish, and a sub-district, in Barrow-upon-Soar district, Leicestershire. The village stands near the river Wreak; carries on frame-work-knitting and some malting.—The parish comprises 1,380 acres. Pop., 1,656. Houses, 367. Gypsum is found, and formerly was much worked. https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/11319
===Tywardreath=== '''Geographical notes and social context:''' Tywardreath, (Cornish: Chi war Dreth), parish is situated in the Deanery and Hundred of Powder. Itr is bounded on the west by Par harbour and the River Par. The name possibly means 'House on the strand' (O.J.Padel).
The village of Tywardreath lies on the Pilgrim's Way and through which many pilgrims passed on their way to Fowey for onward travel to holy shrines in southern Europe and the Holy Land. Apart from Tywardreath, the villages are: Polkerris, Highway, Par, Polmear, Middleway Bridge, and Chapel Down. https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/CON/Tywardreath
===Walworth=== '''Geographical Notes and Social context:''' In 1870-72, John Marius Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales described Walworth like this:
WALWORTH, a metropolitan suburb and three chapelries in Newington parish, Surrey. The suburb lies on the London, Chatham, and Dover railway, between Southwark and Camberwell, 2¼ miles S of St. Paul's; was once a hamlet, known at Domesday as Walerode; is now all compactly edificed; contains Surrey Zoological gardens, opened in 1832, and a Botanic garden; and has a post-office‡ under London S, a r. station, a P.-police station, three churches, twelve or more dissenting chapels, a number of public schools, a female orphan home, and the Newington workhouse. Acres, 321. Pop. in 1851, 29,861; in 1861, 44,463. Houses, 6,975.-https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/20485
===Wendron=== '''Geographical Note and Social Context:''' The National Gazetteer of Great Britain and Ireland - 1868
"WENDRON, a parish in the W. division of Kerrier hundred, county Cornwall. It is situated in a rich mineral district, and comprises the borough and market town of Helston."
"CARNMENELLIS, (or Carmenelaze), a village in the parish of Wendron,
"HELSTON, a chapelry in the parish of Wendron, it is market town, parliamentary and municipal borough, It is situated on the western side of a hill on the river Cobre, which is rendered unnavigable through the vast body of sand constantly washed up at the mouth, about 3 miles distant from Helston. This natural bank of sand forms a beautiful lake which is called "Loe Pool;" it becomes flooded at certain periods of the year, when a channel is cut through the bank for its escape, and the meeting of the two waters together form a singular and grand appearance. Helston is of ancient date, and is mentioned in Domesday Book as Henliston. It was made a mint town by Edward I
Its prosperity entirely depends on the numerous mines in the vicinity,The meat market is situated in Church-street. There is a constant stream of water passing through the street, its source being from the stone quarries N.E. of the town. An ancient custom is kept up by the young people on the 8th May, called a "foray." Market days are Wednesday and Saturday. Fairs are held on the 15th January, 1st and 15th March, Whit-Monday, 21st July, 9th September, 28th October, and 13th and 20th December."
"PENGERSWICK, a hamlet in the parish of Wendron, . It is situated on Sydney Cove,."
"PENROSE, a hamlet in the parish of Wendron, is situated near Looe Pool, on the river Hel, and has traces of lead and tin. "
"ST. JOHN'S, a village in the parish of Wendron, Here was formerly a small priory of the Knights of St. John.https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/CON/Wendron
===Willesden=== '''Geographical Notes and Social context:''' Although Willesden was the administrative centre where Births and deaths were registered, the family household, headed by [[Harding-6192 |Thomas W Harding]] resided on Apr 2 1911, at 74. Buckingham Road, Harlesden, Middlesex. The house is an end of terrace, with a bay window fronted ground floor room along side the front door which is set back in an open porch with a decorative architectural surround. The Comprehensive Gazetteer of England & Wales, 1894-5 recorded that:
Harlesden, a hamlet and rapidly increasing Metropolitan; district in Willesden parish, Middlesex, adjacent to the forkings of the L. & N.W.R. from London to Kilburn, Watford, and Brentford, 1 mile S of Willesden, and 1½ WNW from Kensal Green. The nearest stations are Willesden and Kensal Green, and it has several post, money order, and telegraph offices in the north-west Metropolitan suburban district. There is a court-house which is used for the Harlesden petty sessions and for public meetings, a police station, and a wharf in the Grand Junction Canal. There are Baptist, Roman Catholic, Free Methodist, Presbyterian, Reformed Episcopal, and Wesleyan chapels. https://ukga.org/index.php?pageid=22910
  ===Witham=== '''Geographical Notes and Social Context:''' In 1870-72, John Marius Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales described South Witham like this:
WITHAM (South), a parish, with a village, in Grantham district, Lincoln; on the river Witham, . Acres, 3,230. Pop., 531. Houses, 119. A preceptory of Knights-Templars was founded here in 1164. The living is a rectory in the diocese of Lincoln. The church was originally cruciform, but consists now of only nave and transept, and was recently in bad condition. There are chapels for Independents and Wesleyans.https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/14090
===Woolwich=== '''Geographical Notes and Social context:''' In 1887, John Bartholomew's Gazetteer of the British Isles described Woolwich like this: Woolwich, parl. bor., town, and par., Kent, on river Thames, 8 miles E. of London by rail - par., 1126 ac., pop. 36,665; bor. (including also the township of Eltham and the par. of Plumstead), 8296 ac., pop. 74,963; 3 Banks, 4 newspapers. The chief feature of Woolwich is the arsenal, one of the most extensive and complete establishments of the kind in the world. It is 4 miles in circumference, and is divided into the carriage, gun factory, laboratory, saddlery, and ordnance departments. The dockyard dates from the reign of Henry VIII..
Until the arrival of the railways, the Thames was the principal artery connecting Woolwich to London. In 1834 the Woolwich Steam Packet Company greatly improved river traffic and in 1889 the Woolwich Free Ferry made it easier to live in North Woolwich and work in the Arsenal, or to live in Woolwich and work in the Docklands. The North Kent Line from London via Greenwich and Woolwich to Gillingham opened in 1849. https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/1000
The dockyard was extended in 1833 and again in the 1840s, when modern docks were built. Woolwich Arsenal and Dockyard stations opened in 1849 on the South Eastern Railway’s new line. Shops lined the main streets and Woolwich became north Kent’s principal commercial centre. Such was the pressure of expansion that growth began to spill over into Plumstead in the 19th century and later into Eltham.
The prison hulks were abolished in 1858 and the dockyard closed in 1869. Workers from the Royal Arsenal set up a buyers’ co-operative in 1868, operating at first from members’ houses in Plumstead and then from 147 Powis Street as the Royal Arsenal Co-operative Society. In 1886 another group of workers established a football club, known initially as Dial Square, https://hidden-london.com/gazetteer/woolwich/
==Clandestine Marriages== ‘’’Clandestine Marriages’’’ Marriages by a form of ceremony conducted by an ordained clergyman, but without banns or licence, and generally not in a church or chapel, usually away from the parish of the bride or groom were termed clandestine marriages. The main appeal of clandestine marriages was seemingly for reasons of cost. Other reasons for their popularity included the avoidance of the need to obtain parental consent, and also to conceal embarrassing pregnancies.
Clandestine marriages began to grow in numbers from the middle of the seventeenth century. The authorities attempted to quell this growth by introducing three parliamentary acts between 1694 and 1696. These acts inadvertently gave a near monopoly to private marriage centres outside a bishop's visitation (e.g. prisons) and to clergymen (many of whom were prisoners) who had nothing to lose by conducting clandestine, fee-paying marriages.
In 1711, Parliament passed legislation which included an attempt to deal with the problem of such clandestine marriages being conducted in prisons,. While this prevented the marriages being performed inside the prisons, which did not prevent them being conducted in other locations in the vicinity of the prisons: e.g. the Liberties (or Rules) of the Fleet, or the Mint (for King's Bench Prison). On 25 March 1754, all clandestine marriages were made illegal by Lord Hardwicke's Marriage Act.
The marriages performed at the Fleet involved all classes from London and the surrounding counties, but mainly catered for artisans, farmers, labourers and craftsmen from the poorer parishes of London, soldiers (including Chelsea Pensioners), and particularly sailors. King's Bench Prison was located on the east side of Borough High Street in Southwark. Relatively few marriages were performed in the Prison itself, and by the 1740s, those marriages which had been performed in the Mint began to be held at the Fleet. The King's Bench and the Mint, because of their location, tended to attract a high proportion of couples from Kent and Surrey.
From the late 1720s, clandestine marriages commenced at May Fair, which eventually became only second to the Fleet in terms of notoriety for such marriages. Initially, May Fair marriages were performed at St George's Chapel, Curzon Street, Mayfair. Whereas clandestine marriages performed at the Fleet and King's Bench prisons and surrounding areas tended to attract the working classes, the May Fair Chapel was used by professional classes and the aristocracy.
. The need for a public record of the marriages meant that they were recorded in registers and some were produced as evidence in court cases, https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C13332
==The change from Julian to Gregorian calendar== '''Research Note: '''This source does not include an image of the Parish register page. As New Year's Day fell on 25th March prior to 1752, we do not know whether the baptism and its preceding birth occurred in 1 in the convention of the day, which would put it in 1 in today's convention.
'''Research Note: '''As New Year's Day fell on 25th March prior to 1752, this record date is not affected by the change from Julian to Gregorian calendar
'''Research Note: '''Examination of the original transcript indicates that this source has been corrected to the modern calendar from the original entry in 16.
'''Research Note: '''The following record was altered in the register to ascribe dates between January and March 25th from 1720 to 1721 To reflect the change from Julian to Gregorian calendar.
'''Research Note: '''Examination of the original transcript indicates that this source has not been corrected to the modern calendar from the original entry in 1, so the birth year will be 1.

=== Sec 3 2011 Elective Geography HBL Assignment === === Natural Vegetation: Deforestation & Case Studies === ---- ''' Deforestation in Amazon Rainforest (Brazil) ''' ''Done By:'' Cai Lingfeng ''(2)'' James Yong ''(14)'' Or Shi Wei ''(26)'' Sun Haoran ''(29)'' Philbert Tan ''(30)'' ''Class:'' Sec 3-7 ---- '''Background Info''' The Amazon Basin is the largest rainforest on Earth and have the size of the forty-eight contiguous United States. It covers approximately 40% of the South America and includes parts of countries like Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana and Suriname, as well as French Guiana, which is a department of France. It has the most variety of species and as the largest tract of tropical rainforests in the Americas, these rainforests have unparalleled biodiversities. One in ten known species in the world lives in the Amazon Rainforest and this constitutes the largest collection of living plants and animal species in the world. '''Causes''' ''1. Population Increase.'' Brazil is one of the world’s most populous country in the world with a population of 184m people. more than half of its population is under the age of 30. Hence, people needed to clear the rainforest for constructing buildings for various purposes. ''2. Settlement.'' The government cleared part of the Amazon rain forests to build houses for each relocated family. ''3. Rapid urbanization.'' Forest is cleared for infrastructures. like: housing estates, town centers, hospitals, schools, transportation ''4. Land Transport Systems.'' Forest are cleared for road construction and this leads to the fragmentation of the forest. ''5. Agriculture.'' Agriculture is highly important in brazil, it contributes 10 percent of the countries income and employs ¼ of the total population. Firstly, shifting cultivators like traditional native farmers clear away parts of the forests for farming, which is their traditional way of life. Besides that, Brazil is currently the second largest producer of soy beans, mostly for livestock feed, and as prices for soybeans rise, the commercial soy farmers are pushing northwards into forested areas of the Amazon, hence clearing the rainforests in Amazon as a result. ''6. Commercial logging.'' increase in global demand for hardwood. timber has become a valuable resource. due to it various uses such as furniture, houses etc (worth 8 billion) ''7. Mining.'' huge deposits of iron ore, gold and fossil fuel attracts global companies to extract these resources. leading to exploration of industries into the forests. ''8. Hydroelectricity.'' Renewable resources with great potential for power generation capable of support regional power. destroys fauna and flora when completed. '''Problems''' ''1. Loss of Biodiversity and Biomass.'' In a forest ecosystem such as Amazon Basin, the trees and other plants provide food and shelter for animals and the native people staying in the forest. However, with this rapid deforestation going on, there will be less vegetation and this will result in a lack of shelter and food for animals and these people, thus leading to their deaths. With this happening, the whole food chain would be greatly affected and this may even lead to the extinction of certain species of plants or animals. ''2. Water Quality.'' With rapid deforestation, the quality of water in the forest will be affected greatly. It will also be more polluted as with an increased amount of trees being chopped down, there will be lesser roots to hold the soil firmly to the ground. This will then result in soil being loose and easily eroded or washed away by rain into nearby rivers in the Amazon rainforest. This increases the sediment level in the rivers, making the water more muddy. The pH level of the water would also become more acidic due to the increased amount of sediments in rivers and this will affect the aquatic lives in the rivers of the Amazon Rainforests. ''3. Water Quantity.'' Rapid deforestation will also affect the quantity of the water in the forest greatly. With more trees being cut off, there will be less transpiration taking place and this reduces the formation of clouds, resulting in lower amounts of rainfall. The water collected in rivers such as the Amazon River, which is the second largest river and the largest drainage basin in the World, will decrease in quantity which may also cause droughts and dry seasons to occur for long periods of time. ''4. Forest Fires.'' If dry seasons as mentioned in ''(3)'' which occur due to the lack of water last for too long, forest fires caused by nature or by humans may also happen at any time and therefore destroy even more parts of the Amazon Rainforest, including the flora and fauna living in it. '''Measures''' ''1.Selective Logging.'' Instead of total removal of the trees, selected trees are being cut down. ''2. Establishment of Laws & Policies.'' Governments withdrawn financial support and tax incentives to land clearance project. Also cancelled 70% logging permits. ''3. Nature Reserves.'' These can be established to protect the forest. ''4. Afforestation.'' plant trees in areas that were previously bare or were used for other land uses. '''Evaluation''' ''1. Selective Logging.'' It will be hard to be carried out as most of the areas would already have been deforestated and barren and forests take a very long time to recover thus making plants difficult to regrow.Thus there would be a smaller amount of areas to do selective logging. ''2. Establishment of Laws & Policies.'' This measure may not be very useful as large international companies may still find ways to bypass the laws by using bribes for instance. Besides, since Brazil is desperately in need of cash, the setting up of multinational companies for profits for the country is highly attractive. ''3. Nature Reserves.'' Establishing nature reserves may not be as effective. This is so because illegal loggers and miners may still find means to get into the forested areas and conduct their illegal activities there. Furthermore, the reserve is very large and that it will be extremely difficult for the government to monitor such large area. ''4. Afforestation.'' This measure may still not work. Land has become barren after all the clearing, burning, mining and pollution. Hence, these deforested forest areas will never have enough nutrients in the soil for plants to grow well. In addition, even if human decided to used high technology to re-fertilize the soil. It will be extremely expensive and will affect the economy.

==LEARN THE LOCAL GEOGRAPHY== ===Finding the Correct County=== The atlas' in most libraries will break each of the states down into counties, and show what cities existed in that county at the time the atlas was published. Be sure and check the atlas date, because these lines often change. Become familiar with the names of all the local jurisdictions. These boundaries will be important when researching Census Records. ===Gazateers Are A Useful Tool=== A handy companion to the Atlas is the Gazateer. Gazateers are basically dictionaries or encyclopedias of place names. They describe the area, give topographical information, population levels, and sometimes the basic industries of the area described. They might even contain jurisdictional history, and ideas about what the area is noted for. ===Mapping Software and Websites=== New websites have become available to find exact addresses in the United States and elsewhere. Several sites allow searches of addresses to get street maps, arial maps and road maps. You can find almost anyone with some of the newest search engine capabilities. Try these: * Google Maps - Be sure to take a look at Street View, and also at directions from a known point. * Map Quest - to print out neighborhood maps of the area surrounding any address you input. * Wikipedia. com - usually has small maps showing location on locality within larger region, and sometimes names adjoining jurisdictions. Plus, wikipedia gives good descriptions of localies, including histories similar to a gazatteer. ===Online Encyclopedias=== Encyclopedias can also be of some general use in learning about the area you are researching. Britannica, in particular often describes cities, town, and states in good detail. Most English speaking places of 2000 population or more are described in Encyclopedia Britannica, but print editions are becoming rare. Most encyclopedias today are available in web-based versions. You might have to use them at the public library because of the subscription cost. A freely available online encyclopedia is Wikipedia, which has been constructed by the collaboration of millions of online users. Reliability of data can be questionable, but often is very good. Check addtional sources to verify any descrepancies. But often, the articles are posted by authorities in their field. ===Use Travel Books=== Don't overlook travel books as a good source of geographical and sometimes historical information. These books are: * published to inform tourists about the area and to encourage visits. * contain detailed information about the area today not available elsewhere. * help you plan your trip to your ancestor's home. You can find travel books at your public library, your local book seller or your local travel agency, or order them online. == Return to: == * TOP OF PAGE - https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:Geography_of_Localities === Acknowledgements === This page written and designed by Sharon Troy Centanne

Duplicate information.

==Question== To satisfy my curiosity I submitted the following question to several sources: What was the political status of the Åland Islands before 1809. It is well documented that in 1809 Sweden ceded Finland and Åland to Russia and they formed the Duchy of Finland. Henrik Pehrsson was born 23 September 1805 in Westeranga, Lemland Åland. But in what country? Was Åland part of Sweden in 1805? Was it independent? It seems that I have three choices: #Westeranga, Lemland Åland, Finland #Westeranga, Lemland Åland, Sweden #Westeranga, Lemland Åland I suspect that 1. is not historically accurate. Should I use 2 or 3? I would like a time line between 1600 and 1809 showing how I should accuratly label locations in the Åland Islands. Would you direct me to someone who would help me. ==Answers== ===Åke Söderlund=== :Title: Chief Archivist :: [http://www.arkivet.ax/index.php?page=1&lang=eng The Provincial Archives of Åland] Thank you for your interesting questions. I´ll try to give the answers in the way that you may refer to the Geo (Political) history of the Åland Islands for a more international audience that might not know especially the historical framework. As a historian I would say that it would be okay to refer to Westeränga, Lemland, Åland in the years 1600-1808 as * [https://www.google.com/maps/place/V%C3%A4ster%C3%A4nga+22610,+%C3%85land/@60.0162264,19.9918245,11z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x468ada35d79c4961:0x9f0da30c380660b4!8m2!3d60.016228!4d20.1319003 Westeränga, Lemland, Åland Islands, Sweden] In that case you wouldn´t have problems with other Åland names in Sweden, for instance: * [https://www.google.com/maps/place/%C3%85land,+740+20+%C3%96sterby,+Sverige/@59.876891,16.7337733,9z/data=!4m8!1m2!2m1!1zw6VsYW5kLCBzdmVyaWdl!3m4!1s0x465e36edbbfaba65:0xf81997bd520559ca!8m2!3d59.876881!4d17.294076 Åland, Sweden] I wouldn´t use terms like “The Swedish Empire”, neither “Finland/Åland under Swedish Rule” nor “Sweden-Finland”. The reason is that Åland as well as Finland belonged to the mainland Sweden, not the territories that were a part of Sweden, but hadn’t the same legal status (for instance Estonia, territories in modern Germany and so on). In a administrative way, Åland was more or less during these years a part of the regional administration of the main territories of Finland regionally ruled from Åbo (not always), but Finland was an administrative part of Sweden, so I do not think that it will give your public the right connotations. You may say that the cultural differences were partly obvious. However, I think that it wasn´t so obvious then among those who ruled in Stockholm. Almost twenty percent (17,5%) of the Finns had Swedish as their mother tongue in 1610. The southwestern part of Finland was so “Swedish” that the Russians for political reasons had to replace the capital town Åbo (in Finnish Turku) in the lost eastern part of Sweden with Helsingfors (in Finnish Helsinki) in 1812. The amount of Swedish speaking Finns in 1920 was about 11 percent. Hence there was a understandable threat that the independent Finland wouldn´t accept Swedish as a real national and regional language and furthermore islanders have always different frameworks than continental inhabitants. And you might say that the main reason for the development of Åland to an autonomous region in Finland will mostly be find in these years hundred years ago when the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland in the Russian Empire became after a civil war the Republic of Finland. ===Graham Robins=== : Title: Intendent, Ålands kulturhistoriska museum My name is Graham Robins. I work for the Museum of Cultural History on Åland. I received your query from a colleague in the Historical museum in Stockholm. I’ll do my best to answer. Prior to 1809 Åland and Finland were part of Sweden. Finland (including Åland) was known as the “Östra rikshalvan” – literally, the eastern half of the kingdom. When Finland and Åland were annexed by Russia following the treaty of Hamina/Fredrikshamn in 1809 the Grand Duchy of Finland was formed, coming under the direct rule of the Russian tsar. This event is referred to in Swedish as “Rikssplittringen”, literally, the division of the kingdom. In the year 1600 Åland was, in administrative terms, a Swedish county with the center of authority at the castle of Kastelholm. This had been the case since around the year 1400. In 1635 Åland was integrated into the county of Björneborg and Åbo, a larger county including most of southwestern Finland – but everything was still within the kingdom of Sweden at this point. So, in 1805 Åland was part of the kingdom of Sweden. Administratively, Åland belonged to the county of Björneborg and Åbo. Lemland was a parish within Åland (the parishes were then reformed in the 1860s to municipalities). And then, in 1921, the decision was taken by the League of Nations that made Åland an autonomous region of Finland. But now we’re getting into more recent history. Westeranga (Vesteränga), Lemland, Åland, Sweden – and I suggest a note to clarify that the Åland Islands, together with Finland, were, up until the year 1809, part of the kingdom of Sweden. I hope that this answers your query. Please do not hesitate to contact me again if you have further questions.

The goal of this project is to ... Right now this project just has one member, me. I am [[Waters-1778|Myra Waters]]. Here are some of the tasks that I think need to be done. I'll be working on them, and could use your help. * * * Will you join me? Please post a comment here on this page, in [https://www.WikiTree.com/g2g G2G] using the project tag, or [https://www.WikiTree.com/index.php?title=Special:PrivateMessage&who=6440323 send me a private message]. Thanks!

Sara Stark adopted George when he was 5-6 years old on 9/11/2007.

Collection of family photos from Kate Aaby awaiting identification of the people and relationships.

: This page started out as a blog by Jeanie Roberts, found [http://www.jeaniesgenealogy.com/2016/01/an-abundance-of-abbotts-george-abbotts.html here]. Thank you, Jeanie, for your work on detangling the early George Abbotts of New England. :: : Our intent with this page is to compile in one place a solid set of information and sources, and appropriate links that we will use as a blueprint for cleaning up the current mess that is this set of profiles. Your assistance is appreciated. Have questions? [https://www.wikitree.com/g2g/583182/pgm-needs-your-help-detangling-colonial-george-abbotts Discuss here]. [[Smith-32867|Jillaine Smith]] 28 March 2018 (co-leader, Wikitree PGM project) --------------- '''#1 [[Abbott-102|George Abbott]] of Bishop's Stortford, Hertfordshire, England and Andover, Massachusetts''' Of all the Georges the most is known about this man and his English ancestry. George's family can be traced back to about 1470 or so. This ancestry was published in the Register in 1931. This is that ancestry: * William b. c. 1470, wife unknown, he was a church warden at St. Michael's in Bishop Stortford. He was last known alive 21 November 1532. ** John, b. c. 1495, wife unknown, taxed in Bishops Stortford in 1523, probably had two sons, last known alive in 1545. *** William, b. c. 1525, married Margaret_____, they had four sons: George, Robert, John and Thomas. William wrote his will on 12 March 1568/9. The will was proved about two weeks later of 29 March 1569. All of his sons were minors, George seems to have been the eldest as he was the heir to most of his father's property. **** George, b. c. 1550, m. Bridget Wyllie, bp. 7 Feb 1551, he was buried 11 Jan 1619/20, she was buried 13 August 1625. His name appears in court rolls, and the church warden rolls. He left a will dated 12 October 1619. His executor and heir was his son George. He left his his messuage and household stuff, 18 acres of land. George was also to take care of his mother Margaret and pay his brothers from his inheritance. George and Margaret (presumably) had seven children, two died young and five are named in the will. Bridget was from Thorley, Hertfordshire. Her sister, Agnes was the mother of another New England immigrant, William Dennison. Their parents were John and Joan Marshall Wyllie who were married on 7 October 1540 at St. James the Great, Thorley. Thorley was a village just on the edge of Bishops Stortford. ***** George, bp. 28 May 1587, m. Elizabeth _____. did not leave a will, they had four sons baptized in Bishops Stortford, last one in 1628. Nothing further is known. ****** George, bp. 22 May 1617, m. Hannah Chandler. This George Abbott immigrated to Massachusetts. He settled in Andover. He died on 24 November 1681. Hannah m. Francis Dane. George lived briefly in Roxbury, MA where he married Hannah. They then moved to Andover. He had a son George, b. 7 June 1655 who married Dorcas Graves. These are the only two George Abbott with ancestry in Bishops Stortford. ---------------------------------------------- '''#2 [[Abbott-89|George Abbott]] of Chappel, Essex, England, and Rowley, Massachusetts and his son #3 [[Abbott-97|George Abbott]] of Chappel, Essex, England, and Rowley and Andover, Massachusetts''' This George's ancestry came to light in a 2011 ''American Genealogist'' article by Leslie Mahler. She was able to trace his ancestry to Chappel, Essex, England. His father's name was Thomas Abbott and George was baptized at St. Barnabas on 24 November 1586. Thomas was buried 30 May 1625. Anne Abbott, wife of Thomas and presumed mother of George, was buried on 16 November 1612. They were married in Great Tey on 5 October 1624. George #2 married [[Felstead-35|Mary Felstead]] as his first wife. Their children (plus a younger child born to George and an unknown second wife whom he married after Mary's death) were born at Chappel, Essex. George #2 and his family immigrated to Rowley, Massachusetts where he died in 1647. His son [[Abbott-97|George Abbott]] #3 married [[Farnham-60|Sarah Farnham]] in 1658. They left Rowley and settled in Andover, where he became known as George Abbott Jr. to differentiate him from George Abbott #1. ----------------------------------------------------- '''#4 [[Abbott-184|George Abbott]] of Norwalk, Connecticut''' The English origins of this George are unknown. He arrived in Windsor Connecticut by 1640 when he got into trouble for selling ammunition to the Indians. He spent some time in Hartford before finally settling in Norwalk. His first wife was Mary Weed, daughter of Jonas Weed. His second wife was Mrs. Johanna Williamson of Boston. This George wrote his will in 1689. ---------------- Non-Vital Record sources for Abbotts Abbott, Abiel Register Abiel, Rev., D.D. and Abbott, Ephraim, Rev., [https://archive.org/details/agenealogicalre02abbogoog A Genealogical Register of the Descendants of George Abbot, of Andover, George Abbot, of Rowley, Thomas Abbot, of Andover, Arthur Abbot, of Ipswich, Robert Abbott, of Branford, Ct. - and George Abbott, of Norwalk, Ct.] (Boston: James Munroe and Company, MDCCCXLVII) (Free e-book) V. I
Abbott, Lemuel Abijah, Major, U.S. Army, [https://archive.org/details/descendantsofgeo01abbo Descendants of George Abbott, of Rowley, Mass., of His Joint Descendants with George Abbot, Sr., of Andover, Mass., of the ........... Vol. I] (Published by the Compiler, 1906) (Free e-book) V. II
Abbott, Lemuel Abijah, Major, U.S. Army, [https://archive.org/stream/descendantsofgeo02abbo#page/n1/mode/2up Descendants of George Abbott, of Rowley, Mass., of His Joint Descendants with George Abbot, Sr., of Andover, Mass., of the ........... Vol. II] (Published by the Compiler, 1906) (Free e-book) == Sources == See also: * G. Andrews Moriarity, "Ancestry of George Abbot of Andover, Mass," The New England Genealogical and Historical Register, 1931, 31:79, digital images, American Ancestors (https;//www.americanancestors.org : accessed 25 January 2016). * J. L. Glasscock, The Records of St. Michael's Parish Church, Bishops Stortford, (London: Elliot Stock), digital images, Archive (https://www.archive.org). * "England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:J3KL-587 : accessed 24 January 2016), Brigett Willie, 07 Feb 1551; citing Thorley, Hertford, England, reference ; FHL microfilm 991,398. * Charles Melbourne Selleck, Norwalk, Volume 1, Norwalk, Harry M. Gardner, 1896. * Ernest James Abbott, [http://abbottfamily.weebly.com/george-abbot-1615-1681.html ''The Abbott Family Genealogy,''] about George Abbott of Andover (but which one?) *Leslie Mahler, "The English Origin of George(1) Abbott of Rowley, Massachusetts" TAG Vol. 85(2011):26-28, citing Chappel, Essex, parish register [Family History Library (FHL), Salt Lake City, film #1,565, 700, item 6]

George Alexander owned a good deal of property in Edinburgh, and the transactions as recorded in the Scottish Sasines give us some insight into his family. In 1868 he purchased a number of ‘lots' when the Grange Estate was auctioned for development. At this time he was living in Grange Loan. George died in 1892, and from then on a number of transactions deal with the handling of his estate. In particular, a record in 1896 detailing the setting up of a consortium to manage his estate gives the addresses and/or occupations of its ten members. Similarly, a record in 1901 also gives this information. Note: The Sasine Register is the Scottish register of title deeds of all properties in Scotlsnd.

This space page is for listing all the Goerge and Margaret Wallace's in Ontario, Canada that immigrated from Scotland. '''Reach Township, Ontario County, Ontario, Canada''' #[[Wallace-5435|George Wallace (1826-1905)]] #[[Gordon-4140|Margaret (Gordon) Wallace (1833-1891)]] '''Townsend Township, Ontario, Canada ''' #[[Wallace-11455|George Wallace (1817-1891)]] #[[Hansel-333|Margaret (Hansel) Wallace (1826-1902)]] '''Windsor, Essex, Ontario, Canada''' #George Wallace 50 Married M 1821 Scotland blacksmtih #Margaret Wallace 45 Married F 1826 Scotland "1871 Census of Canada," database with images, {{Ancestry Sharing|1540890|af74326f1293a87e682a123464e129f057187061ad53fb33b2ffdb545133e35c}} - ({{Ancestry Record|1578|1500065}} : accessed 2 February 2023), George Wallace (50), married, Blacksmith, in Windsor, Essex, Ontario. Born in Scotland; citing Year 1871, Census Place Windsor, Essex, Ontario, Roll C-9889, Page 47, Family No 195. :: George Wallace 50 Married M 1821 Scotland :: Margaret Wallace 45 Married F 1826 Scotland '''Cambridge, Waterloo Regional Municipality, Ontario, Canada ''' #George Wallace 49 Married M 1822 Scotland #Margaret Anderson Wallace 43 Married F 1828 Ontario #Annie Wallace 22 F 1849 Ontario "1871 Census of Canada," database with images, {{Ancestry Sharing|1540989|bcc2040fd06f0c4e2a1c5100e198b8ec90b0e6b5a7644e0971665499c2ffdc51}} - ({{Ancestry Record|1578|2282154}} : accessed 2 February 2023), George Wallace (49), married in Brantford, Brant South, Ontario. Born in Scotland; citing Year 1871, Census Place Brantford, Brant South, Ontario, Roll C-9915, Page 46. :: George Wallace 49 Married M 1822 Scotland :: Margaret Wallace 43 Married F 1828 Ontario :: Annie Wallace 22 F 1849 Ontario == Sources ==

[[Firestone-148|George Washington Firestone (1784-1851)]]
[[Carle-2304|Rebecca (Carle) Firestone (1786-abt.1869)]] ------ ==Family Bible== George Ely Russell writes, "His Family Bible record, last in possession of Miss Alberta Callahan, Sterling, Ohio, now deceased; contributed to publication by Mrs. Walter Buss; published by Fessenden and Co., Brattleboro, and Peck & Wood, Boston, 1834, published in ''Ohio Records and Pioneer Families'' 11:35." Notes, "George and wife not mentioned, just [nine] children's births."Citing ''Ohio Records and Pioneer Families'' 11:35." George Ely Russell, C.G., FASG, FNGS, George Firestone 1784 - Rebecca Karl (Carroll) FGS in George Ely Russell, Jr. Collection, ACPL Genealogy Center; digital images, images [https://www.genealogycenter.info/viewpage_russellfamfirestonea.php?realpage=10&display=Russell_Firestone%20A_192 192] and [https://www.genealogycenter.info/viewpage_russellfamfirestonea.php?realpage=10&display=Russell_Firestone%20A_193 193] of 333, family bible notation and references at [https://www.genealogycenter.info/viewpage_russellfamfirestonea.php?realpage=10&display=Russell_Firestone%20A_193 193]. :Judeanne Firestone, b. 1 June 1815
:Elizabeth Firestone, b. 4 Jan. 1818
:Maryann Firestone, b. 9 Nov. 1819
:Harriett Firestone, b. 2 Sept. 1823
:Daniel Firestone, b. 26 Feb. 1823
:Eleanor Firestone, b. 15 Oct. 1825; d. 4 Oct. 18__
:Rebecca Firestone, b. 7 Apr. 1828,
:GRA_LOU Firestone, b. 28 May 1831; d. 5 May 1873
:Solomon Beaver Firestone, b. 6 Aug. 1832; d. 21 Apr. 1900.
'''Research/Comments regarding family bible.''' '''Entry GRA_LAU.''' Among the nine children is one listed as "GRA_LOU Firestone, b. 28 May 1831, d. 5 May 1873"--surely the record for son George L. Firestone. His middle name often seen as "Lee," but note the "Lou" in this record. Might "Lou" have been originally intended? Lou is a varient of the Dutch surname seen also as Low/e (Rebecca Carle's mother's surname). Other descendants of the wider line given with middle initial L were themselves unsure of what was really intended--at least two came to say "Leo.") For contemporaneous use of middle name "Lou" applied, see the 1777 baptism of Joseph Calre and Maria Lowe's son published as "Dirick Lou Cerel" by A. Van Doren Honeyman, "Neshanic Reformed Church Baptismal Records, Early Records, 1762-1796," ''Somerset County Historical Quarterly'' 1 (April 1912): 133- (continuing series), at 135; digital images, [https://archive.org/details/somersetcountyhi01hone/page/n144/mode/1up?view=theater ''Internet Archives'']. ==George and Rebecca Firestone Burial Plot== Wayne County Historical Society, ''Wayne County, Ohio Burial Records'' (Evansville, Indiana : Unigraphic, 2nd ed.,1980), 308; [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/242615?availability=Family%20History%20Library FHL 977.161 V38w], for Firestone--George, John C., Rebecca and Rebecca. (Held as img100_Firestone_East Union Twp Old Pres burials.jpg in GJ personal collection.) :Firestone ::R21-S12, George Firestone, died 22 April 1851, aged 67 (DAR) ::R22-S12, John C, Firestone, died 24 July 1848, aged 30 (DAR) ::R22-S07, Rebecca Firestone, died15 April 1860 ::R21-S10, Rebecca Firestone, died 21 November 1869. == Sources ==

From book Presidents, Soldiers, Statesmen. Volume II.

WORK PAGE FOR [[Braswell-1474|GEORGE BRASWELL]] Return to profile page of >[[Braswell-1474|George Braswell]] :GEORGE BRASWELL was born ABOUT 1750 in North Carolina and died AFTER 1830 in Walker County, Alabama. His parents were [[Braswell-1571|Richard Braswell]] born 1707/10 in North Carolina and died AFTER 1757 in North Carolina and unknown wife. His grandparents were [[Bracewell-72|Valentine]] and [[Pope-710|Jane Pope]]. His brother was [[Bracewell-360|Richard Bracewell]] 1739-1799. ==Spouse & Children== [[Morgan-2013|Mary Polly Ann Morgan]] #MORGAN BRAZELL 1780–1850 #George Brazell Jr. 1790–18 ==DNA Lineage proved by DNA and paper trail for Richard Braswell 1739-1799== :Reverend Robert Bracewell 1611-1668 https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bracewell-3 :Richard Braswell I 1652-1725 https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bracewell-109 :Valentine Braswell 1682-1766+ Jane Pope https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bracewell-72 :Richard Braswell 1710-1757+ has bro henry sr. 1710. (on 1755 Orange Co., NC Tax List with son) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Braswell-1564 :Richard Braswell 1739-1799 (wife Obedience) (Signed Regulators Petition w/ brother, George) +FAMILY FINDER+ Obedience d. 1805 https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bracewell-360 :Richard Brazil 1759-1842+ Jemima White https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brazil-13 :Moses Brazil 1803-1872 https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brazil-12 :Jesse Brazil 1827-1888 https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brazil-83 :Jesse Calvin Brazil 1865-1951 https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brazil-121 :Etheridge C. Brazil 1896- https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brazil-127 http://braswell-bracewell.blogspot.com/2010_09_01_archive.html ==DNA Lineage with Paper Trail== :1. Robert Bracewell 1611-1668 (Jamestowne Society) FAMILY FINDER + Unknown (her name isn't on any record) :2. Richard Bracewell I 1652-1725 (Jamestowne Society) FAMILY FINDER + Sarah Valentine?) :3. Valentine Braswell 1682-1761 FAMILY FINDER + Jane Pope :4. Richard Braswell 1710-1757+ (on 1755 Orange Co., NC Tax List with son) FAMILY FINDER + Unknown wife :5. George Braswell 1750-1830+ Mary Ann "Polly" Morgan (Signed Regulators Petition w/ brother, Richard) :6. Morgan Brazell 1780-1850+Sarah Ann 1793 :https://sites.google.com/site/braswellgenealogy/0000---descendant-outline :https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/4921055/person/6061858799/facts with sources ==Timeline== '''9 Oct 1769''' Anson, North Carolina Regulators Petition signed by RICHD BRASWELL,''' GEORGE BRASWELL''', WILLIAM USSERY, THOMAS USSERY, WELCOME USSERY and GOIN C. MORGANSaunders “The Colonial Records of North Carolina”, Vol VIII,1769-1771, pages 80-86https://books.google.it/books?id=ZJ9R4rDLEVkC&pg=PA62&dq=editions:ISBN1450293743&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=4#v=onepage&q=editions%3AISBN1450293743&f=false p 68-69 '''16 May 1771''' in Orange, North Carolina - Battle of Almance RICHARD BRASWELL, Anson Co., NC and '''GEORGE BRASWELL''' Anson Co., NC, Battle of Almance (Whig)The Guilford Genealogist, Vol 14, No. 2, Winter 1987. Copy from Carey Bracewell '''25 Jan 1772''' Anson, North Carolina Richard Brasswell to Christopher Christian For 35 pds, 200 acres on Little River "granted to sd. BRASSWELL by Patent dated Nov 25 1771 Signed by RICHARD and OBEDIENCE ("X") BRASWELL. Wit: GOING MORGAN, '''GEORGE BRASSWELL'''https://books.google.it/books?id=ZJ9R4rDLEVkC&pg=PA62&dq=editions:ISBN1450293743&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=4#v=onepage&q=editions%3AISBN1450293743&f=false page 72 '''Jul 1774''' Court Minutes Anson, North Carolina '''GEORGE BRASWELL''', WILLIAM, JOSEPH and JOHN MORGAN among those ordered to work on road from Clarks Creek Creek near John Wilson’s house to Mark Allen’s Store on the Cross road near the ford of Little River. '''1777 Tax List''' Cumberland, North Carolina '''GEORGE BRAZIEL''' 160 Acres, Valentine Brasil of Captain Avera's District, 100 acres. '''1778 Tax List''' Cumberland, North Carolina '''GEORGE BRAZIEL''' 110 Acres & 400 Acres '''1779-1780 Tax List''' North Carolina Capt Cox's Dist: '''George Braswell''' 200 Acres '''1784''' Moore County Created From Cumberland, North Carolina '''May 1785''' Court Minutes, Moore, North Carolina Ordered '''GEORGE BRASWELL''' be appointed Overseer of the road from the Randolph Co. line to the A-hin Road & from thence below Tillises old mill to the fork of Montgomery Co. Road '''Feb 1786''' Court Minutes Moore, North Carolina Ordered that the hands which formerly worked on the road under '''GEORGE BRASWELL''' return and continue. '''16 May 1786''' Court Minutes, Moore, North Carolina The following hands were appointed to work on the road from Morgan's Mill to the old Yadkin Road: Wm. Morgan, '''Geo Brazwell''', Richd Dunn James Morgan, Wm Morgan Jr, Lewis Fields, Nathan Morgan, John Medford, John Morgan, Issac Dunn, Norman McLoud, Robert Cox '''3 Mar 1789''' '''George Brazel''' - Chain Carrier Moore, North Carolina Roger Cagle - 100 acres on Wolf Creek adjoining John Hunzacher. CC Johnson Lathem & George Brazel. Sur: Neil McLeod.Grant # 338 '''2 Aug 1789''' George Brazil - Entered 100 Acres Moore, North Carolina '''GEORGE BRAZIL''' entered 100 acres “on the north side of Wolf Creek, beginning on WILLIAM MORGAN’s line”Grant #196) '''20 Sep 1789''' '''George Brazil''' Entered 100 Acres Moore, North Carolina On the east side of Wolf Creek, beginning above his improvements, including his improvements.#222 '''20 Sep 1789''' '''George Brazil''' Entered 100 Acres Moore, North Carolina GEORGE BRAZIL entered 100 acres joining his land and JOHN WILLIAM’s land on Grassee Creek. '''1790 Residence''' '''George Brazel''' in Moore, North Carolina 1 male over 16, 3 males under 16, 3 females.Year: 1790; Census Place: , Moore, North Carolina; Roll: ; Image https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1790usfedcen&h=182040&ti=0&indiv=try&gss=pt '''23 Feb 1791''' Court Minutes, Moore, North Carolina Ordered to work on road from Deep River at Co. Line to Black Ponds: John, Wm & Capt Wm Morgan Jr, Wm & Averet Smith, John Cagle, Lewis Sowell, '''Geo Brazell''', Jos Allen, Murdock & Anguish McAulay , Jacob Harvick, John Shuffle Sr & Jr, Robert Cox, Thomas Dunn.23 Feb 1791 Court Minutes, Moore, North Carolina '''4 Jan 1792''' '''George Brazil''' 100 Acre Grant, Moore, North Carolina Wolf Creek#328 '''4 Jan 1792''' '''George Brazel''' 100 Acre Grant, Moore, North Carolina, West bank of Wolf creek...near HUNSUCKERS line..CC Wm Morgan & Roger Cagle.#313 '''12 Oct 1793''' Adjacent Land Owner, Moore, North Carolina William Wright - 150 acre land grant on Wolf Creek adjoining John Hunsucker, William Morgan, '''George Brazel''' and his own improvement. CC Uriah Wright & Nathan Morgan.Moore Co., NC Land Grant # 997 '''1799 Petition''' for the division of Knox County, Tennessee signed by WILLIAM BRAZEL, DAVID HALL, RICHARD BRAZEL, VALINTIN BRAZEL, '''GEORGE BRASSEL''' (sons and son-in-law of RICHARD and OBEDIENCE BRASWELL) and RICHARD BRASWELL’s brother and nephew '''GEORGE BRAZLE''' and MORGAN BRAZEL. (copy of Petition) '''1804 Tax List''', Wilson, Tennessee Capt. Cannon’s District '''GEORGE BASSLE''' MORGAN BASSLE '''1 Aug 1806''' Signed Petition to form Warren County, Tennessee 249. '''GEORGE BRASSEL''', Sr. 250. HARGAIN (MORGAN) BRASSEL (indicated signatures hard to read) 251. GEORGE BRASSEL, Jr. '''1806''' Signed Petition Smith, Tennessee: '''GEORGE BRASSEL''', Sen. MORGAN BRASSEL GEORGE BRASSEL, Jun. '''1807''' Fact, Tennessee: Warren County formed from White. '''15 Aug 1808''' Land Grant Rutherford, Tennessee. 100 acres adjacent Robt McComb middle fork of Stones River. CC Abraham Pallet, '''MORGAN BRAZELL'''. Tennessee’s Second Surveyors District, Volume B '''Sep 1808''' Chain Carrier Rutherford, Tennessee. '''GEORGE BRAZEL''' (SR or JR) was chain carrier for eight surveys in Rutherford County on the Stones River for JENKIN WHITESIDE, two for DAVID ROSS, one for ROBERT DYER , and one for JASON THOMPSONTennessee’s Second Surveyors District, Volume C '''15 May, 1809''' '''George & Morgan Brazil''' Rutherford, Tennessee. MORGAN BRAZIL & ABRAHAM PALLET chain carriers for BENJAMIN HARVEY survey of 100 acres on Stones River in Rutherford County, TN, adjoining tract '''GEORGE BRAZIL''' & ROBERT CARSON. '''1809 Tax List''' Rutherford, Tennessee. MORGAN BRASSEL 1 free poll '''1810 Residence''' Nashville, Rutherford, Tennessee 1 male 45 & up (before 1765) 1 female 45 up, 1 female 16-26, 1 male 16-26, 1 male 10-16, 1 male under 10.Year: 1810; Census Place: Nashville, Rutherford, Tennessee; Roll: 63; Page: 7; Family History Number: 0218687; Image: 00011http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1810usfedcenancestry&h=607021&ti=0&indiv=try&gss=pt '''1812''' Signed Petition , Rutherford, Tennessee. Petition to approve the location of the county seat of Rutherford Co., TN '''GEORGE BRASEL'''Petitions to the General Assembly of TN, petition #56-2-1812 from Nona Williams '''1820 Alabama State Census''', Lawrence, Alabama. '''George Brazle''' 1 male over 21, 1 female over 21. Morgan Brazle 2 males over 21 (Morgan & George Sr?) 1 female over 21, 3 females under 21, 2 males under 21 '''Death''' After 1830 • Walker County, Alabama == Sources ==

https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/43329226 https://books.google.com/books?id=aQZ1bIyvSygC&pg=PA12&lpg=PA12&dq=john+walker+and+rachel+croshaw&source=bl&ots=e77uFTD54M&sig=DodoiWjKaALssVBFV2iDuTxxEnw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjw9ISxn9naAhUD_4MKHYx2BvYQ6AEwCHoECAAQAQ#v=onepage&q=john%20walker%20and%20rachel%20croshaw&f=false https://fabpedigree.com/s089/f629540.htm https://en.m.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Encyclopedia_of_Virginia_Biography_volume_1.djvu/385 https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://www.hawesfamilyassociation.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Newsletter47.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwigwvG5pNnaAhUGzIMKHfqYDD84KBAWMAd6BAgBEAE&usg=AOvVaw3TotVdlKk8qEz4ZWcbVWJi http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/lyon-gardiner-tyler/encyclopedia-of-virginia-biography-under-the-editorial-supervision-of-lyon-gard-320/page-46-encyclopedia-of-virginia-biography-under-the-editorial-supervision-of-lyon-gard-320.shtml Name: Thomas Walker Birth Place: King and Queen County, Virginia SAR Membership: 80458 Role: Ancestor Application Date: 10 Feb 1956 Father: John Walker Spouse: Susan Peachy Children: Thomas Walker Source Information Ancestry.com. U.S., Sons of the American Revolution Membership Applications, 1889-1970 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011. Original data: Sons of the American Revolution Membership Applications, 1889-1970. Louisville, Kentucky: National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution. Microfilm, 508 rolls. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/11752658/walk

Last will and testament of [[Catt-279|George Catt]] of Rotherfield (1520-1590)
From East Sussex Record Office, PBT 1/1/8/391George Catt of Rotherfield, yeoman; registered will with grant of probate (1590); Probate records 1518-1858; PBT 1/1/8/391; [http://www.thekeep.info/collections/getrecord/GB179_PBT_1_1_8_391] Accessed 14 Jan 2019.
Transcribed by [[Roberts-9671|Dave Roberts]] with corrections by [[Hewitt-6110|Colin Hewitt]]. In the name of God Amen the twenty sixth day of January in the twenty seventh year of the reign of our most gracious sovereign lady Elizabeth by the grace of God of England France and Ireland queen defender of the faith etc I [[Catt-279|George Catt]] of Rotherfield in the county of Sussex yeoman being of good and fit mind and memory laud and praise be unto God therefore do make and ordain this my present testament concerning herein my last will in manner and form as followeth firstly I commit my soul into the hands of Almighty God my maker redeemer and only saviour trusting to have salvation through Jesus Christ and my body to be buried in the churchyard of Rotherfield above said Item I give unto the poor people of Rotherfield before said twelve pence to be given them at my burial Item I give and bequeath unto [[Austen-1143|Aglentine]] my wife for term of her life all my freehold lands and house and housing in Rotherfield above said which is not already given by deed unto my son [[Catt-6|Nicholas Catt]] to the intent and upon condition that she shall not claim any third portion of the said piece of free lands already given by deed unto the said [[Catt-6|Nicholas Catt]] but shall in her widowhood clearly remit and release unto the said [[Catt-6|Nicholas Catt]] his heirs and assigns all her rightful interest that she then shall have or anything to claim or have in the said piece of land with the appertenances by reason of her marriage unto me and in case my said wife then refuses so to do and not so release that then my will is that my said wife shall disposess of so much of the half part of the house and piece of land given unto her by this my will and the third part cometh unto which she claimeth out of the foresaid pieces of land already given unto my son [[Catt-6|Nicholas Catt]] by deed Item my will is that after the decease of [[Austen-1143|Aglentyne]] my wife that the said half part of the house and housing and foresaid piece of land given unto her for term of her life shall remain unto [[Catt-6|Nicholas Catt]] my son and to his heirs forever on this condition namely that the said [[Catt-6|Nicholas Catt]] his heirs executors or assigns shall pay or cause to be paid unto my son [[Catt-620|Thomas Catt]] his heirs or assigns the sum of twenty pounds and unto [[Catt-621|George Catt]] my son his heirs or assigns likewise twenty pounds and unto [[Catt-622|Ellen Catt]] my daughter her heirs or assigns the sum of ten pounds and unto [[Catt-623|Agnes Catt]] my daughter her heirs or assigns the sum of ten pounds in manner and form followeth that is to say unto my son [[Catt-620|Thomas Catt]] his heirs or assigns six pounds thirteen shillings and fourpence of current English money within the first year next after my decease likewise within the second year next after my decease other six pounds thirteen shillings and fourpence and also within the third year next after my decease other six pounds thirteen shilling and fourpence of current English money in full payment of the former sum of twenty pounds given unto the said Thomas by this my will Item unto [[Catt-621|George Catt]] my son his heirs or assigns within the fourth year next after my decease six pounds thirteen shillings and fourpence of current English money and within the fifth year next after my decease unto the said George his heirs or assigns other six pounds thirteen shillings and fourpence of lawful English money and also within the sixth year next after my decease unto the said George or his assigns other six pounds thirteen shillings and fourpence of good and lawful money of England in full payment of the said sum of twenty pounds given unto him by this my will Item unto my daughters Ellen and Agnes and unto either of them their heirs or assigns three pounds six shillings and eight pence apiece within the seventh year next after my decease and unto the [[Catt-622|Ellen]] and [[Catt-623|Agnes]] and unto either of them their heirs or assigns within the eighth year next after my decease other three pounds six shillings and eight pence apiece of lawful money of England and likewise unto the said Ellen and Agnes unto either of them their heirs or assigns within the ninth year next after my decease likewise three pounds six shillings and eight pence apiece of good and lawful money of England in full payment of the foresaid sum of ten pounds given unto them by this my will Item my will is that my wife shall pay and discharge my son [[Catt-6|Nicholas]] of the lords rent due to be paid for her half part before received at all times during her natural life Item my will is that my said wife shall bear and find all needful reparations to be done on the half part of the house given unto her at all times during her natural life Item I give unto my son [[Catt-6|Nicholas]] my greatest chest the residue of all my household stuff and moveables whatsoever ungiven I give unto [[Austen-1143|Aglentyne]] my wife whom I make my sole executrix of this my last will and testament and she to pay my debts I ordain [[Kente-17|Richard Kente]] the younger of Rotherfield my faithful overseer of this my present will and testament and he to have three shillings and fourpence for his labour in witness whereof I have delivered this with my own hand in the presence of Thomas Catt Absolom Catt Isaac Alchorne and George Amhurst curate John Catt == Research Notes == Dates
date of will: 26 January 1584/85 (the 27th year of the reign of Elizabeth I)
grant of probate: 19 Jan 1590/91
People mentioned in the will;
# [[Catt-279|George Catt]] of Rotherfield, yeoman # [[Austen-1143|Aglentyne Catt]], his wife and sole executrix; half house and land to be passed onto Nicholas # [[Catt-6|Nicholas Catt]], son; already given some land and gets half of what's left now and the last half after his mother dies # [[Catt-620|Thomas Catt]], son; gets twenty pounds over three years, years 1-3 # [[Catt-621|George Catt]], son; gets twenty pounds over three years, years 4-6 # [[Catt-622|Ellen Catt]], daughter; gets ten pounds over three years, years 7-9 # [[Catt-623|Agnes Catt]], daughter; gets ten pounds over three years, years 7-9 # [[Kente-17|Richard Kente]], the younger of Rotherfield, appointed overseer, paid 3s 4d (I think this is the husband of Aglintine the daughter as established from her mother's will) # Thomas Catt, witness. Is this also his son? # Absolon Catt, witness # Isaac Alchorne, witness # George Amhurst, witness # John Catt, curate. Is this George Catt's son? No mention of Aglintine(Eglantyne) Catt his daughter, although her husband, Richard Kente is made overseer, but she is mentioned in her mother's will in 1593. Nicholas Catt seems to be the favoured son, presumably the eldest. == Sources ==

==[[Clark-62497|George Clark]] Autobiography == Part Two [[Space:George Clark Autobiography - Part Two|'I, G.C's account of my circumstances & procedure after arriving in Victoria, Australia, on the 4th of March 1852, with my family by the ship 'Martin Luther'. Captain Rennie, Commander']]. ==Part One== ==INCIDENCE AND CIRCUMSTANCES THAT I, GEORGE CLARK, CAN REMEMBER FROM CHILDHOOD AND ON THROUGH LIFE== First, on the twentieth day of May 1810, I was twenty months old and my youngest sister (Maryanne) was twenty days old (actually twelve days old). Since her birth my mother was being cared for by one of her sisters who was staying with us. Newark spring fair was being held on that day. On this afternoon, I saw my aunt, a friend, and my eldest sister (Elizabeth) go out of the house for a walk. I thought to follow them, but was not quick enough to see them go into the first neighbours house on the left-hand side, and thinking I was following them took the right. Toddling along, I passed all the houses that way until there was only thorn hedges covered in white blooms on each side of the road, about three quarters of a mile away from home. I remember seeing my aunt and another person with her meeting me, and when they came up to me took me by the hand, asking if I would go back with them. I said ‘it is so’. I am told that was as plain as I could express willingness to go back with them. I remember nothing more of that time until, as I have been told, I was about two and a a half years old when I was taken to Tuxford in the stagecoach. As it passed along the road, I thought trees and buildings was rushing past us instead of the coach running passed them. I can remember the curious sensation I felt at that time. After arriving there, I remember going to Grandfather Cotton and having hasty pudding with sugar and crab verjuice and liking it very much. I can remember Grandfather very well. He was wearing spectacles with very round rims. Broad rimmed hat, very large buttons on his coat, and large buckles on his shoes and on his breeches at the knees. At this time all the house furniture was of turned wood – chairs had rush bottom and bedroom floors was joists laid over with rushes and then plaster of parris run over the top of that, so was very cold in winter. I scarcely remember Grandmother Cotton, only her coming into the bed room with long grey hair hanging down her back, and I was frightened of her as she had different features from Grandfather that I remember. Uncles and aunts I don’t remember much about at the time – only one aunt who had a large flower pot in which she grew an orange tree full of yellow oranges about the scise of marbles that took my attention very much; as did the door handle inside the closet which was stuck all over with different kinds of animals drawn and painted by a cousin six years older than I. The next I remember about that time was the great earthquake. A Mister Caister, a neighbour who was ill in bed, was continually wanting me to have me in his bedroom with him. I suppose my chatting to him so much cheered him up, passing the time more agreeably than if he were by himself. On this memorable day he had fetched me to be with him for a while. I don’t remember the exact time of day it was, but all of a sudden there was a great shake and a rumbling noise. The rings of the bed curtains rattled on the iron rods, the windows rattled, earthern ware was thrown from themselves below the stairs at the alarm, and Mr Caister sprang quickly out of bed. Being a child it did not alarm me, but the stir was such that I’ve had it ever since very vivid in my recollection, and of course there was talk of it for a very long time afterwards. Next I remember when about four years old going to school to a Mrs Cooks next door to our house, and can remember her features very well as though see her now while at this. She was a very nice person, wore spectacles and knitted stockings. Whilst going to her school, there was close by an old man the name of Oaks who died. We knew him well, and when in his coffin we children were allowed to see him and shall never forget the look of him. His beard had grown long and did not look nice. I felt frightened at the time and never lost sight from my eyes. After that for a long time shunned as much as possible seeing dead people in their coffins. Next when five years old there was a sixteen weeks frost when the Thames was frozen, and was told a fair was held on it at London and both bullocks and sheep roasted on the ice, and all sorts of sports and amusements carried on for some length of time for the ice broke up. I remember seeing the icicles hanging down from the tiles down to the ground as thick as lampposts. Also saw a man with both feet in the stocks for getting drunk and making a disturbance pelted with rotten oranges and eggs and all kinds of rubbish. The stocks were near the gaol in an open space where five streets met.. When five and half years old, my school was changed to a Mrs Maplestones. Her husband was a rope maker, and further from home had a very large rope walk. Unfortunately he failed in business and it so distressed him in his mind that he attempted to put an end to his life by cutting his throat, which did not prove effectual. He remained in a desponding way, but got a situation under the town corporation to be over the boys from the workhouse employed at the spinning factory. His wife commenced schoolkeeping. They had two daughters that took situations as lady’s maids, each of them in families that travelled about a great deal on the continent. Can remember when they used to come home for a little while – they talking about the people of Italy, and women doing the man’s work in the fields and men doing the women’s work in the house; which of course we thought a very strange thing and were much surprised at the information they used to give after their travels on their return home. I have no recollection of either of Mrs Maplestones daughters as to their features, but that they was tall in stature. Mrs Maplestones face I recollect well, as also Mr Maplestones. He was lame with one knee bent, wore a high pattin and remember hearing him passing our house in the mornings when I was in bed, going to the factory which was near a mile from our house in a line. I went to Mrs M’s school till I turned seven. About six years old I was put into boys clothes and trousers buttoning onto a jacket of very narrow cord. Also remember going to a bowling green with my father and there seeing boys with green flannel aprons to fetch the bowls and wipe them for the gentleman playing. The peoples name that kept the green was Cox. Very nice people, they had a very large black raven that talked as plain as anyone to be understood. I sometimes went to father by myself and was frightened of the raven, as it used to run after me. Mrs Cox when she heard me at the gate would come to bring me through from the raven and give me nuts and biscuits. On the way to there, had to pass the Posting Inn on the High London coach road where there was a large pol parrot that talked as plain as anybody. You would think someone was calling to you. It was hung out the front bow window of the Inn, and called to people as they passed by. I remember that time seeing the first steamer going through the locks on the Cannet to Sun on the Trent betwixt Newark and Gainsborough. There was a great stir, numbers of people to see – it was an astonishment to people at that time. When a little turned six, I with my brother (11yra) and two sisters (9 and 4yrs) had the small pox. My youngest sister was very full, and was for a fortnight was quite blind. But I was quite worse than her and only had three pox on me, but was so bad was thought to be dead and laid out for dead. Don’t remember how it fared with my elder sister and brother, but remember seeing my younger sister lying in a couch covered all over with the pox and being blind, and her hands muffled. Soon after that the sickness I had a fever and was very bad and given up for dead. On that illness was both laid out and measured for a coffin – afterwards recovering. I remember being taken to be with a neighbour until I was better, who was very kind to me, and made me many nice things. One thing I remember well was nice sweet bread that was very yellow which I liked, as well as nice drinks for me. Soon after that illness I had a dress jacket and trowsers of brown cloth, and a quantity of gilt bell bottoms on the jacket and all around for the trowsers to button on. I considered myself very grand. The first Sunday I had them on I think was Parm Sunday, as I remember going with my sisters and others to get parms and edges along the road, and we took home hand fulls. I remember it was very frosty weather at the time and the sun was shining on it. At this time everything was very dear, just before the Battle of Waterloo in 1815. The war with France had been going on for some time and was great cause of everything being so dear together. There was at about that time three wheat harvests with the hay and corn all spoil’d in the fields, and every other as for food exposed to weather was spoil’d. Flour was 5/- a stone. I used to go with my brother to the mill for flour. It was got for 5/- at the mill, but not at the shops, and that when bought from the bakehouse baked in tinds had a hard black crust, the inside loose from the crust exactly like a piece of liver – black and very sticky. That was the best bread that could be had for a long time, so had to be content with either that or barley and bean bread, or rather cakes and barley puddings. Rice at that time was very dear, and sugar, nearly black, ¼ per lb. Tea was 15/- per lb. Coffee 3/6 per lb. Soap ¼ per lb. Salt 8d per lb. All kinds of meat very dear and seldom tasted it. Everything else in likes for two or three years after the Battle of Waterloo. For sometime before the Battle of Waterloo I remember recruiting soldiers going about the town early in the mornings with drums and fifes playing, causing great excitement, and I remember it was very fine sunshine mornings at that time. And after the Battle of Waterloo there was a great to-do by the walls being stuck over with pictures of the Duke of Wellington and Blucher, the German general. Most every house had pictures of both on their walls, and public house signs painted with the same. About this time there was a great stir about prisoners sentenced to be transported to Van Diemens Land and Bottoney Bay – which was thought worse than being hanged – it being so far away and among savages that they would never get back again to England. There were ballards sung in the streets about the convicts to be sent so far away. I very well remember it was thought for a while at the first that it had checked crime in some degree, though not so much afterwards it was left off transporting for many and small offences that it had been custom to transport for. It was about this time, I remember the person well, a Mr Lampkin who forged a bill for not a large sum on his brother-in-law, a Mr Carmen. When found out he was tried for forgery and hung. Mr Carmen never looked up afterwards, for he had not thought for a moment that what he had said at the trial would be the means of his brother-in-law being hung, at least he had not intended such, only that he might be so far punished as to have been a warning against doing so again. Mrs Lampkin his widow, was a straw-bonnet maker. She commenced business very well, bought up her son and daughter very well indeed and was much respected by all who knew her. About the time I remember Mrs L, her shop was on the corner of the market place close to the church and was considered to be in great danger, for there had been a thunderstorm and lightening had struck the spire and spit it a long way down. It was at that time the highest spire in England. It was too dangerous to remain up, so the authorities advertised offering 500 pound to anyone who would go to the top of the steeple and take down the weathercock which was a sheep of brass, and it was a long time before anyone offered to do it. At last a man named Chamberlane undertook the job and succeeded to erect a scaffolding and got the weathercock down. The men who helped him carried it about the town to shew the great scise of it that had looked the scise of a mans hand but stood about three feet or more; of course it was flat. Then after the man Chamberlane got the sheep down, danced on the top stone. Of all it was round but several feet across. I saw him dance, he appearing no larger than a doll and little more than a foot high. He also fixed a flag on the stone before commencing to take the steeple down, and when taken down to below the split in the steeple, commenced to build it up again, but was unable to get it to the height again by from forty to fifty feet. Soon after the Battle of Waterloo, peace was proclaimed and great rejoicing over it. I was eight years old and remember well seeing bullocks and sheep roasted in the streets. I could form the plan of the places and how the carcases was roasted, then the dinnering where my father took us his family in a large enclosed yard with brick walls all round where we had roast beef and plum pudding, and how the lads was on the walls shouting and making great noise, and then that night every house was illuminated and decorated with garlands and flags out of the windows. My mother put on a very handsome flag of embroided satin such has been worn a short time before for ladies dresses. A gentleman the next day offered my mother 10 pound for it but she did not part with it. About this time remember seeing a child knocked down into the gutter by a runaway horse and cart, and the wheel of the cart bouncing over the child in the gutter without even touching it, so that we rejoiced much to find the child not hurt in the least. When about seven and a half, I was taken to Tuxford again. It was after both (paternal) Grandfather and Grandmother was dead and we was in mourning. Went by coach, going through the town about two o’clock in the morning betwixt five and six and was very frosty mornings, so was put to bed in the room where Grandfather used to sleep. I remember feeling very queer knowing Grandfather was dead. One of my uncles slept in the same room but was up and out attending the cows, taking them to the fields after being milked. I remember being very fond of the new milk we had. I used to go with uncle to the fields and quite delighted going. It was the hay time, a very nice time. They had apple and plum trees and the plum trees had a quantity of locusts about them. The boys got them and run pins through them, then they spun round and made a great noise with their wings. After returning to Newark from the visit I was for the first time put to Mans school name of Tootet who was a very bad tempered man. He managed nearly two hundred scholars and he was very clever and brought on his scholars very well, but we never knew when doing to please hin, though doing the best we could. When in a bad temper he would come round the desk and beat someone or other whether they deserved it or not, so that we was always in fear of being caned or our knuckles being rapped with the ruler. The master had a son that he vented his passion on when he could not on anyone else so much that he had knocked all sense out of the lad. His mother had often to come into the school to save him from being half killed. When I was attending the school he split a boys skull open with a ruler, and another time put a boy on fire. The boy whose scull was broken died from the injury, but was not generally known that it cost him a good sum of money to have it hushed up without being brought to justice for it. The master had a great name for bringing his scholars on quick in their learning. Everyone had to attend Sunday school unless sick, and to attend church was marched in double file. Though so large a number, he had stricked order both going and in church. Not one dared to speak to another he had all in such order. The service in church was the same as in a cathedral, with the singers in gowns, and the singing was considered very good. There was men in different parts of the church to keep order wearing blue cloth gowns trimmed with white edges and carried long wands called dog-wipers. One day when leaving school was running and fell down and hurt my hands very much on the gravel and like fire coming out of my eyes, and was told that I had done wrong. I shall ever remember it. At any time I ever stumbled afterwards was impressed with the recollection of that circumstance and the remark that was made to me at that time. In 1816 there was another great frost lasting thirteen weeks. The Thames in London was frozen again and great sports (held) on (it), but not to the same extent as there was in 1813. I remember in the frosty weather of that year seeing a regiment of scotch soldiers with all their baggage waggons in the market place. They was returning from the wars that was then over with Napolean. We children was much amused to see them in their dress, their knees and their thies being bare and when climbing over their wagons saw their bare bottoms. At that time there was some shews come into the market place and had two dwarfs with it, and with Miss Shaw, brother and sister, my mother took me and my eldest sister to see them. I have never seen two such perfect dwarfs in my life since. They were the smallest and prettiest I have ever seen. There was also Giantess shewn, a Miss Flower. A native of Newark before she was in shew. I had often seen her go by our house for a walk. She was used very badly by her brothers and sister and her mother as well, so sold herself to a shewman. During the last frost I have named,I remember having a long dark cloth topcoat which I was very proud of, and used to go slide on a place called the Devon which was frozen over. There was a stone bridge over it and a school fellow of mine named Nixon went under one of the arches. The ice being loose at the edges, he slipped in and was drowned, which frightened me very much and mother would not let me go there any more to slide. That was a long winter that lasted till spring. I remember the orange stalls in the market place when the snow was on the ground and freezing. The great orange fair was held on Ash Wednesday and Shroaf Tuesday, and the oranges raffled for. Every stall had a raffling machine with a brass ball all covered over with figures on flat parts and the women called, ‘One down, who makes two,’ and so on, as many as liked to put down a penny, and those who was the highest number had the moneys worth of oranges. It was a very remarkable time every year. There was also held in the market place on the fifth of November a shew of moving figures back of a screen and a large bonfire towards which the corporation of Newark gave some tons of coal. I forgot the quantity, and anyone was allowed to add to the fire as much as they chose of either coal, sticks, or anything else that would burn a very large bonfire all night of the fifth of November, and a quantity of fireworks. When I was nine years old there was a lady badly burnt in the market place by her dress being set on fire by a squib (small fireworks with hissing sound before exploding) being thrown at her. It was very dangerous for people going into the market place on that night, but they would go. It was always an exciting affair at night. There was always many effigies of Guyfaux burnt in the large fire in the market place – those that had been carried about in the town during the day. The church bells used to ring out very merrily on those occasions. Also in those times I remember the Morris dancers to come bolt into the house in the evening and begin to go into their anticks and would not stop until they got something given to them to go away. And there was also at the end of the plowing season farmer men, twenty or thirty of them in gangs with faces painted and ribbands flying, and some of them carrying a large plow dressed in ribbands, each man had a tin box in his hand with coppers in, which they rattled at every house to get the amount increased, but they generally expected silver and not copper. People so soon as they heard them in the street would fasten their doors, but being so many of them, some would catch the people before they had time to close the doors. There was also another custom in Newark on a certain day of the year, I forget the day of the year it fell on, that everyone would go to the town hall betwixt certain hours on that day got a penny loaf given to them, and the boys – so that they should not go in a second time – had their faces marked with raddle (ochre pigment), a red substance and hard to wash off. I think if I remember right, those children was shut in the town hall enclosure until a certain hour when they was let out with their loaves if they had not eaten them. It was a very strange sight to see the boys raddled faces going home after being let out. All the incidences mentioned here was before I reached the age of ten. Next followed my leaving Tootets school to go to a Mr Collins who had been head-master for a long time at the head Grammar School kept by a Mr Wittington, then curate at the church under Rev. Mr Bartlett who baptised me on the twentythird of September 1808, when six days old. Mr Collins was a very nice gentleman and was very much liked by the scholars and their parents; he bought them on so fast and so kind. I was there until I was eleven and a half years old. After that had but very little more schooling. I can say that during the time I was at Mr Collins school, or afterwards, had never once felt the weight of the cane from any teacher I was under. When about ten years old a piece above our house on the opposite side of the road – it was called Portland road – there was no houses but qickthorn hedges and fields at the back, was commenced to be prepared for building on. When digging for the foundations where the hedgerows was, they came upon the skeletons of a man and a woman at the same spot that people at often times before had said they had seen ghosts. Nearly opposite to there was a chapel my mother attended both on Sunday and on weekdays. Very soon after the skeletons was found, and on a very dark night – the lamps not extending out to so far as that spot – I was at a neighbours by the name of Proiter, betwixt our house and the chapel. My mother was in the habit of calling upon Mrs P. – they both attending there. Near the time of going on one Wednesday night she call’d as usual to see if Mrs P. was going. I being there at the time was sent to see if the gates was open as on some Wednesday nights when rainy or bad weather there would be no meeting. I was shy at refusing to go by myself, but thought that as there was a boy in the house older than myself, a son of Mrs P. he ought to have been sent with me. I had not sense to ask that he should be sent with me, so without saying a word I started to go. But for the life of me I dare not go beyond the light of the lamps, to go right opposite to where the skeletons had been dug up, only covered over with a few inches of earth, and on the very spot where I had with others played many times under the hedges. I could not sum up the courage to go to the chapel gates, so stayed out a sufficient time and returned and said the gates was not unlocked, so it was concluded there was no meeting that night. The time passed to a certain time when a lady call’d returning from the meeting house – then my lie was found out, that I had not been so far as the meeting house. For telling such a lie my mother was very much put out and promised me how she would punish me when we was home, and no doubt would have carried out her threat but for Mrs P. and the other person begging seriously that mother would forgive me the offence under the circumstances of being timid and frightened to go there by myself. I have never forgot telling that lie. Whenever thinking to tell a lie afterwards, that circumstance came up before me and I always saw the wrong I was in and the great folly there is in not boldly speaking the truth which will take us through all troubles. When eleven years I was knocked down by a cricket ball. I saw the ball coming to where I was and in attempting to get out of the way of it, ran into the danger. The ball caught me across the kidneys, knocking me down and depriving me of my breath, and as have been told, was thought to be lifeless for some time afterwards, as it happened in a field nearly opposite our house. At that time my father was at home from his travelling, being very ill and attended by the doctor who persuaded him to give up the occupation he was engaged in (Royal Mail coach driver), as if he did not, his life would be short. He was then about fortyeight years old and took the alarm, gave up his occupation he had been employed in for over twenty years as a traveller, so bought a farm. He understood farming as being bought to it with an uncle as a child to the age of twentyseven. Several years previous to his leaving farming was full manager on the farm. He knew farming was hard work, but as farming was good at that time he thought it would be the best way he could invest his money, and would be more conducive to his health, which it certainly did so prove. But unfortunately he had given too much money for it, as it turned out the land was very poor and had not been supported by the proper supply of manure, which was great drawback to father as it cost him hundreds of pounds for manure the first year or two. He had to work very hard himself to keep from going back in money affairs. Fortunately he kept up good health which kept up his spirits, but to make things worse all kinds of farming produce in less than two years was reduced from 50-70% in market value. A bushel of wheat went from 13/- down to 5/-, cows that father gave 30 pound or more for was only worth 15 pound each, and sucking pigs from 21/- down to 5/- each, and everything on the farm in proportion : cheese, butter, poultry, everything. It proved very hard work for both father and mother. Mother had been against going to farming, not having been previously used to it, so found very great fault with father, though still did her best to make the best of it, as they both did to keep from falling over it, and to keep things together, and dragged on at it for eleven years working like slaves, then sold the farm for the same money they gave for it as it cost, giving in all their labour and worry for that time and had only barely lived and meeting all demands on them. The first summer there was much to contend with as the beginning of summer was very hot and dry, that at the end of the month of May the grass was all dried up so there was scarcely any for making hay. And the harvest was wet, all the wheat mildewed in the field so a great loss in that way at the beginning making everything very hard to bare with. During the eleven years father had the farm had continual drawbacks, the land requiring great management to be able to get anything like reasonable crops. There was also some heavy doctors bills my youngest sister (Maryanne) and brother (John Cornelius) being a long time ill with cholera and bloody flu, which was prevalent at that time in all parts of England in 1824 – 25. My married sister (Elizabeth) was bad at the same time at her home. None of them was expected to get over that sickness. Both sisters (Maryann)were at deaths door but both recovered, and brother died (John Cornelious). We had then been on the farm five years. I was serving my apprenticeship (tailor) in my seventeenth year of age. My elder and only brother (James) was just out of his apprenticeship (?tailor) and was in London in a sillmercers (Mercers were formerly merchants or traders who dealt in silk and cloth). In my sixteenth year I was considered to be in a decline, an effection caught partly by visiting a family where there was a son and a daughter both in a consumptive. I had spent much time with them in the evenings as they was very near to where I was serving my apprenticeship, and they being distant relations and my home fourteen miles away. There was two sisters, very nice girls near my own age, the brother was some years older who continued lingering two years. It was he who first bought the sickness and was very bad when he arrived home. The youngest sister soon took the complaint and died about eight months before the brother. The eldest sister lived several years after the others but unfortunately died of consumption. The same doctor attended me and made a cure of me. I was being taken in time and prohibited from visiting where these young people was as much as possible. I had my health pretty well during the remainder of my apprenticeship, but was worked too hard for sixteen hours a day with only poor fare, not so good as it ought to have been for the number of hours worked. I felt it the first year or two. My mother was not certain as to the year I was born in, whether 1807 or 1808, so sent to Newark where I was born for a copy of my registry; being anxious to find if it was 1807 I was born in, and if so, I should have been able to have got off with six years service instead of seven, as I was bound for seven years. But the law was then that an apprentice could not be held after twentyone years of age no matter what age when apprenticed, or how many years named when bound. In finding it was 1808 I was born in, I was so tired of my situation I was resolved to try to alter the figure 8 to 7 in order to get a year of my servitude off, but could not be done without detection. Being aware that in such a case it would be closely examined, from fear gave it up and no one had need to see it. I am not aware if anyone besides myself has ever seen it to this time, nothing having occurred requiring its production. I served my full time and became a favourite, visited them several times after my apprenticeship was out and was always made much of by all the family and family connections. During my apprenticeship there was several striking incidents occurred I may mention as being impressive to my memory. First was soon after I was bound to my apprenticeship: a prize fight took place about a mile and a half off by two of the greatest prize fighters in England, names Cribb and Moleneux, which cause a great stir in the country – hundreds of people down from London to see the fight. I was not allowed to go and see it, neither do I remember which of the two was the winner - it was for the belt – and took place in the year 1823. The next was an electioneering contest in the borough of East Retford. As the year 1827 commenced there being two required for parliament, it was eighteen months preceeding the time of polling at the general elections. At this time it was a borough and none but freemen had the vote. There was three candidates put up for two seats. Two of them was Roman Catholicks named Wrightson and Dundas, who inducted the election as to both be returned. The people at that time was set against having Roman Catholicks returned. The say did not rest with them, but they was able to bring a gentleman forward to contest one of the seats = a protestant. All the three was rich men. The third, in opposition to the other two, was Sir Henry Right-Wilson who from the first told the free men that if they did not return him he would break the borough, that they would not have it in their own power after this election to put in those the body of the people did approve of during the canvassing in 1827. The election came off in ’28 about eighteen months after the canvassing commenced. Wrightson and Dundas had open house for the free men the whole time, night and day, with bands of music and rioting about in a half drunken state – that is those of no principle who intended to vote for them they could get the most money from. It was a long time of great excitement – there was no money spared over them. Sir Henry kept aloof from encouraging such unbecoming folly that the others was supporting. When the time came for the great struggle the authorities of the town, being fully aware of what might be expected at the polling, had been prepared for it by having a great force of military in ambush. The election commenced with great rioting – each party, both of the freemen and townspeople wearing colours and fighting occasionally. The voting began on the side of Wrightson and Dundas by giving sums of money for votes. Those voting for Sir Henry Right-Wilson went to the poll in an honourable manner without looking for bribes. I don’t remember the sum given to the first voters for the Roman Catholicks, but before the close of the third days polling they gave as high as 5 pounds a man. Rioting going high with many a broken head the military had to be brought in, and then not only broken heads but several kill’d and many seriously wounded. When the poll closed with a majority for the two Roman Catholicks, the affairs was terrible. The populous was desperate. They had made preparation for chairing Sir Henry Right-Wilson not only around the market place, but round the town. For the two returned the chairing could not be carried out – the excitement was so great against them. It prooved to be a serious affair for many families – ruination for them. The electioneering had made many confirmed drunkards that never recovered from their life after Sir Henry Right-Wilson, as he had threatened during the canvassing – that if not returned he would break the borough – which ultimately he did cause to be done before there was another election took place, so that there would be no more corruption by voting being in the hands of the freemen of the borough alone. It was during this time of excitement my little brother died five years and seven months old, and shortly after that when the two young people I have made mention of died of consumption. Another circumstance near about that time was a fair held in the same town = the Borough of East Retford – as the great electioneering contest took place in. There was at that fair a gang of thieves down from London – regular pick-pockets – and to a Hatter and Cap manufacturer in the town had taken a lit of seal skins for to be made into sixteen caps. The cap-maker managed to make seventeen out of the skins, which odd one he kept for himself and wore on the day of the fair two or three days after the order was given and the caps fetched and payed for. So on the day of the fair he was standing by his stall with both hands before him, right hand open on the left, when a gold watch was put into his hand. He had just before heard that people was getting their pockets picked at the fair. It struck him about the sixteen caps being made by him, and the one out of them for himself which he was wearing, that the watch had been put into his hand by taking him for one of the sixteen wearing the sealskin caps, so at once gave the information to the chief constable. The caps and watch was about midday, and before night every one of the sixteen was taken into custody and various articles of stolen properties was found apon each of them. They got committed for trial and all of them was transported. They was thieves from London. The next on my memory noticeable in 1825, was the young squire of the manor being of age, and though he was then from home France his birthday was celebrated in grand style. All the young men and women of the trades shops near the young gentlemans home was all invited to join those connected with the establishment in a thorough festivity beginning with lunch at the hall, and then a trip to Rouch Abby some few miles away, being conveyed there all that could attend so early in the day in various carriages, taking with them provisions for tea which was served up in that delightful place, and enjoyed much the scenery, adding much to the pleasure. After we had remained there for a certain time, started back to the hall where in a large schoolroom in a building in the interior of the shrubbery, and a mistress for it, supported entirely by the squire for all the children in the place that their parents would send , there was provided an abundance of pastry foods and sweetmeats of all kinds and it as six o’clock when we was back, so enjoyed ourselves about the grounds. A little after seven dancing commenced which continued till eleven o’clock. The squires Lady and her two daughters, younger than their brother, came into the ballroom for half an hour before supper and had a couple of dances. At eleven o’clock supper was announced to be ready in the dinning-room of the hall. There was everything of the best on the table – mostly gold – very dazzling to the eye, such as I could dare say none of us had seen before. Such a display of richness there was. There was all kinds of game fish and poultry. It was a grand set-out for us, also plenty of ales and wines, and the ale drank was brewed at the young gentlemans birth. Supper over, we returned to the ball-room, the dancing being kept up till five o’clock next morning when all was tired and glad to go home. I knew nothing of steps in dancing though I stood up to every dance and was thought to be a first rate dancer. After being in bed a few hours after dancing, I rose from bed but was unable to walk scarcely across the floor my legs was that painful; and so continued for two to three weeks. Two or three days after, the time arrived when according to custom, I at that time of year payed a visit to my parents nearly fourteen miles away. It was at that time impossible to get any kind of conveyance on the road. I had to go at the time I wanted to so, bad as I was, I could not allow my visit to my parents to pass over, so made a start at four am on the day fixed. But how to accomplish it? It was agony for me. I had got about two or three quarters of a mile on the road where I came to a standstill, the pain was so great. Each step I took was like dragging the sinews from my calfs. What to do was a puzzle. It was impossible to go back, and equally difficult to go forward. At last I summed up the courage to go forward in hope of meeting a cart or other conveyance. When I got on the turnpike I was three miles from, I did not meet with anything, so gradually worked at it grinning and baring the pain, and got to my journeys end in just about double the time it had formally taken me, and when home was unable to go about and enjoy the visit, and almost unable to make my way back to my apprenticeship home. With great difficulty it was I managed to reach my destination. I had left it until evening before starting, being aware there was no chance of getting a lift in anything if I started early in the afternoon. It happened to be a starlit night, but did not much like the walk on so lonely a road even by starlight for twelve of fourteen miles, and having to pass over a bridge which for a long time since was reported to be the place some people had often seen some kind of ghost there – it being close to the foot of a plantation where a murder had been perpetrated, or supposed to have been. But for all I being so lamed and not whishing to be noticed, I preferred the nightlight walk, and arriving near the bridge about five miles from my journys end was making the best of my way I could. But there appeared at the foot of the bridge just before me, something in the appearance as a four legged creature, rather large, which got onto the top of the wall of the bridge on the side next to the plantation walked to the middle of the bridge then jumped into the middle of the stream below making a great splash. When at the spot I looked over but saw nothing, not even the water disturbed, nor any noise what-so-ever, everything being silent. I was very tired and crippled but pushed on the best way I was able, reaching my place of destination rather late at night. By the way, I must not omit to mention that many had reported seeing exactly the same vision at the bridge I saw on that night. The end of my apprenticeship followed the next year in July, but I remained two or three weeks after my time was out to oblige helping to finish an order. I then went home and found all at home busy with harvest, so gave a help in the hay field. In the month of September there was a party of relations and friends in commemoration of my apprenticeship being out, a kind of rejoicing as was customary on such an occasion in those times, being cheering to the family. In the month of October made a start to fight with the world, forward on my own account for a living by going to Liverpool – that was eighty to a hundred miles away from home. At that time had never been more than twenty miles, consequently for the first time in my life felt a pang at the heart leaving mother and father and sisters, not knowing when I might see them again, not able to see them in three or four hours as I had hither been able to during my apprenticeship. I had in my charge a little nephew three and a half years old – my sisters child who had been staying some time at his grandfathers, his mother and father then living in Liverpool. The child being so young I had him for most of the journey on my knees. Travelling by coach I got my back hurt very much and in consequence was laid up for several weeks in great pain, almost giving in in despair. After I was able to get out, went out for work. I succeeded in getting into a nice shop but found myself very deficient in one sense, having learnt just one way of doing and handling the work and found the needle handled in a much different manner from what I had been taught in my seven years of apprenticeship. The first shop I was in laughed at, but in spite of it I quickly noticed how things was done and improved so much that the head man on the board became jealous of me and began by every means to try to get me to leave the shop, making it too hot for me, more than I could put up with. There was a young man who had served his time there who advised me to leave as he said he thought this man - the captain of the workshop – would soon be leaving himself, and that he would let me know so that I could go back. The cutter had told him and wished for me to go back. I kept my acquaintance both with the said young man and the cutter who was a married man, so visited at his house. The young man was a member of the Doctor Raffles Chapel where I also became an attendant and a teacher in the Sunday school. Though I never went back to work again in the shop, I still kept acquaintance with the same parties. I got work in other places. The chapel was burnt down in that year. At times when not working in the shop, I would exercise my talents in different friends houses until the end of the year 1830. Going back to my arrival in London and the different sights: I had the pleasure of witnessing in the procession of William 4th going to Westminster to be crowned King of England, and on that occasion for the first time the then next heir to the throne, Victoria, in the carriage next to the King with her mother the Duchess of Kent. Queen Victoria was then a nice little chubby faced, heathy looking 11 years old in the month of May that year. In the same year was a grand illumination in memorial of the passing of the Reform Bill. I also saw the Duke of Wellington being pelted with all kinds of rubbish riding through Cheapside, he having on a flowing Cambet cloak {?combat) lined with scarlet. At that time he had his house in the park barricaded – all windows and entrances from the mob or they would have broken every window. He had in Parliament House said he would put down the mob by force, which had exacerbated the people that was calling out for reform and repeal of the corn Laws, that bread must be cheaper. The next sight was the opening of the new London Bridge by the King and Queen being present in 1831. That was a grand sight. A balloon was sent up, the partie sitting on a pony in a car attached to the balloon which went safely away, settling eight miles away. In that year visited with my intended, who became my wife in due time, both the Tower of London, the Monument of Saint Pauls, Westminster Abby, the colliseum and all places of note worth seeing. I also heard that the Reverend Roland Hill preached his last sermon on a Sunday and on the Wednesday following as chairman of the missionary meeting. The Friday after, he gave up the ghost in the ninety- third year of his life. Go back to when I was in Banbury (Oxfordshire). After staying the appointed time there I left, making my way home in Nots (Nottinghamshire). And arriving the end of September at Staffordshire (note: there is no recorded evidence that the family ever lived in Staffordshire) where mother, father and sister resided after leaving the farm. My poor mother was suffering when I arrived home, with a stoppage in the throat having been caused by a severe cough she had with the infuenza in the month of April before – it being prevalent all over England at that time, very few escaping. I suffered very much myself with it in London. She poor devil, had felt a throttling feel in the throat in swallowing as one may feel pressing against with the thumb on the outside. She had not actually choked taking food until taking dinner one day in July, and from that time every day felt the choking more and more with the pressure in the throat getting worse – a substance forming. When I arrived home in October she was then becoming unable to take any food at the table with the family, not being able to swallow anything of substance and very little a liquid state. By the Christmas following could only pass down the throat a very little liquid at once. It was the custom at Christmas to have a pig killed and to have pork and mince pies which my dear mother was very partial to, and was considered a first hand at raising pork pies, but poor creature could not taste them after making them, and was obliged to leave the room while the rest of the family took the meal. It was very heartrending to see it so, she having as keen an appetite to eat as any of us, but not being able to swallow the least substance the poor lady continued on, the passage in her throat gradually closing up. From that time in the month of March up to her death, was kept alive by drops of wine draining into her stomach. The passage at the time of her death, the doctors said, was scarcely enough for a hair to go through, and she was to the end, even to the last day, with an appetite to eat. She had lived as long as there was any moisture in the body, so at her death was only skin and bone. During all that suffering never heard from her the least murmuring, but was as patient as was possible anyone could be. Bearing the pain of hunger and knowing her time in this life was limited, she looked with full hope of a happy immortality that would make up for all the privations she had suffered in life, so gave up with a quiet mind. After her death the doctors who had attended during her affection was called together as had been arranged to ascertain as far as they could, as they had been during the interim of her sufferings, any chance of a cure being affected by an operation in an attempt to take away the substance in her throat. The doctors one and all was satisfied that would not have been a success, but would have been instant death. The substance was so formed as to make it impossible to be taken away. They term it a stoney cancer, and it was the size of an egg in the swallow that had entirely closed up the passage, caused by an injury to the throat from severe coughing. Having stayed at home to see the end of my dear mother, the following April 1833 I returned to London leaving my father and younger sister to bear the loss by themselves and feeling the loss acutely. My fellow apprentice having been near twelve months out of his time went up to London with me. He having an uncle living in Nottingham we went that way and stayed the night there, then proceeded by coach to Leicester. On arriving in London, I found the people of my first staying there was dead, so made to a Mr Mills, an old acquaintance of my fathers and there keeping the White Swan Hotel on Snow Hill near my old place of abode in the city. Only stayed there two days. We got a shop to work for at the East End, so also engaged apartments near to our work where we remined for some length of time. We did not agree first rate as partners, he being headstrong in his way and very deficient as a workman – the same as I had found myself on first leaving apprenticing. I’d a deal of trouble getting him to manage with me as a partner in works, the whole responsibility resting with me to keep the work. Towards the end of summer we parted, so each took our own way working at different shops afterwards, and when the season got slack I paid a visit to a friend of my mothers family living in Herefordshire – a farmer, and remained a month or two enjoying myself very much. Returning to London, got through the winter as best I could, sometimes in work, sometimes out. It was at this time body snatching systems was carried on at such a high hand by Bishop and Williams who was executed after the proof of their being the murderers of the Italian boy by selling his teeth to a dentist. To accomplish his death he was put head downwards in a well of water. That was their plan for taking life, so as the doctors at the hospital would not be aware of their being murdered, or was supposed so. But it was found out with strong proof, that they seldom ever made any enquiries as to how the bodies had been obtained. The requirement was great at the hospitals at the time, and so gave rise to murdering to obtain them, when not sufficient opportunity offered for to get sufficient bodies out of the graves for the purpose – the hospital doctors was giving on an average of ten pound for each body. Those persons engaged in that disgusting work in London was called Burkers, as the beginning of the work was in Edinborough, and the two men was caught and executed was named: one Burke and the other Hare. Those two in London – Bishop and Williams – the two principle ones taken and executed, though doubtless there was many others that escaped the penalty of the law. Many was fortunate to escape out of their hand after being operated apon, passing a secluded part in a street or having a plaster put over the mouth. That was commonly done even early in the evening passing the end of a by-street or dark entry, and is supposed many lives was taken in that way, so many persons was missing and never heard of afterwards. Bishop and Williams was executed in August 1833, a short time after another party was caught – that of an old woman being with a man much younger than herself who had a son about eight or nine years old going to school. He had to be first up in the morning to make the fire. The mother, as this boy called her, made a practice of meeting different stage coaches arriving from the country, to put any stranger in the way of obtaining lodgings. On one of the stage coaches coming in from the country was an old lady with grey hair. The wretched woman Mrs Ross, offered her accommodation in her house until she could suit herself better, which the old lady accepted, being a stranger not knowing any particular place to put up at – or at least being weary with the journey was glad to get some rest without delay – so accompanied this woman to her place. And after some refreshment was glad to lie down. The bed was a four-post one the old lady was put into and was soon asleep. The boy previously mentioned returned from school and was in the same room waiting for his tea. His father was also, but with his head out of the window, when the boy saw his stepmother get onto the bed and do something about the throat of the person on the bed. But if or not he had seen something of the same before, or if he suspected there being done something, he said nothing. Then on the same night, the old lady was put into a sack and taken to Guys Hospital, but that night they chanced to be over supplied with bodies and so could not do with more that night. Consequently the body was taken back and put in the coal cellar for to be taken another night. It was the boys custom to be up first to make the fire and put on the kettle by the time the stepmother was to get the breakfast so the boy could get to school at the proper time. This said morning after what the boy had seen on the previous evening, he went as usual to the cellar and at the bottom of the stairs was a sack of something. The boy looked at it. It was tied up at the neck, but there was some long grey hairs out that the boy was terrified at seeing, but dare not name it to them, and could not rest till he made it known, so that as soon as he got to school did tell his teacher all that he had seen, who at once got the police to go to the boys home and found as he had said. The man and woman was there and the body of the old lady as the boy had described in the sack in the coal cellar. The man and the woman was both taken into custody and committed for murder on the boys evidence. The woman was found guilty of the murder. The man got acquitted on the ground that he knew nothing of how the murder was committed and did not see the woman commit it as he had his head out of the window. The boy had stated that his father was looking out of the window at the time when he saw his stepmother kneeling on the bed doing something to the body on the bed. On the day the woman Ross was executed the crowd was enormous to see the execution, as was the case of the two men Bishop and Williams only a few weeks before. They was the first that was executed for murder in England for the sake of disposing of the bodies to the hospitals for which they got an average of ten pounds each – with few if any questions asked as to how they had been obtained, whether from graves or how. Among the crowds thousands had taken their stand to see the execution, as early as two o’clock in the morning – the place of execution the Old Baily. I was then living close by, but did not go till near the time of eight o’clock but got a good stand not more than forty feet from the gallows, so had a good view. The poor wretch on being brought for execution, was leaving an old shawl behind her in the cell, and asked for it to be fetched, her remarking she would be dammed cold hanging there for an hour without it. I noticed the shawl she had on. It was a cashmere, Canary ground, with coloured spots drafted into holes from the chemicals being used at the time, and which shewed very visible in the case of the one worn by the culprit on the gallows. Another remarkable incident occurred which might have attended with serious consequence. Both the man and the boy who was the evidence, was at the prison at the time Mrs Ross was being bought out for execution. She espying the lad made a smart cleak at him, which had she succeeded in laying hold of him no doubt would have torn his eyes out before being extracted from her – she was so evil disposed it was with great oath what she would do. I was at this time courting her who became my wife, living then in Ackney Road, and not far distant from where the men Bishop and Williams had their abode at the time of being arrested for the murder of the Italian boy who had a fine set of white teeth being extracted after his death and offered for sale to a dentist by which they was detected. Near about that time my then intended, one evening after dark, was going from the house to the station shop only a short distance away, and on passing a narrow street badly lighted, no light at the end of this place, and the lamps at the time very thinly fixed so that it was dark passing at that spot. There had been rumours that people had been…… at there, so that my intended was going very quick by the end of that opening and was stuck a heavy blow on the back of the head, but fortunately kept her feet though stunned, and continued running to the shop almost put out of breath. The shopkeeper kindly escorted her home. It was dangerous people going about in the outskirts of the city after dark. At the end of the year after a second visit to my farmer friends in Herefordshire, and before my intended one had returned to town from their accustomed country outing, I left London by coach to Liverpool, and that on the very night Parliament Houses was burned down in 1834. In Liverpool met my brother (James) on a visit on his way to Edinburgh. It was an appointment we met there, having a sister (Elizabeth) settled in Liverpool. As I had been there before and had formed some acquaintances, made up my mind to stay and commence business, so in the spring of that year came to the conclusion to be married, so my adopted wife went down from London to her fathers residence at Carlton-in Lindrick, Nottinghamshire. In April 1835 made a visit to my friends about sixteen miles apart from there. I obtained a licence and on the eleventh of April was at Carlton, and on the thirteenth, on a Monday before Easter, was married by the incumbent; my wifes father giving his daughter to me, her two sisters bridesmaids – witnessing, then soon after breakfast left by coach for Sheffield where we stayed for the first night. Next day we took rails for Manchester, then to Liverpool. I commenced business and was very happy together being fully entitled to the flitch of bacon, and working together with all our might for many years. We attended Dr Raffles Chapel twice on Sunday, which took us twenty-five minutes to walk to from where we was located. That twice on Sunday lasted until the time came from that natural causes my wife found it too much for her to continue doing so. From that time forward attended Church of England where we found such a minister we thought equal in his preaching to the Doctor at the Independent Church, much nearer, and attended the same for over thirteen years until the church and grounds was taken over for a railway station to pass over its place, and a fine one built in its room close by where we attended afterwards. In the month of May 1836 on the ninth day, our first child was born, a son (George Cotton), a fine big baby. Both babe and mother got on well. In June ’35 soon after being married joined the Independent Order of Oddfellows of the Manchester Unity. The Grand Master of the Lodge who installed me into the order was a Mr William McCormic, then becoming a great railway contractor who made a tunnel of three miles long under Liverpool. In January 1838 a second son was born (John James). In that year was the great fire of Liverpool, destroying a block of warehouses seven stories high all fill’d up to the top with bales of cotton and other merchandise; the block covering an area of thirteen acres was burning. Engines was playing water on for three months before the debris could be removed. During that time there was several explosions of combustables that was stored in the cellars and lower parts of the buildings. There was bales of cotton red hot through, blown to sea up the River Mercy for nearly a mile from the place of the fire. It was a great sight to see the front of the warehouses burst out shewing the red hot bales of cotton all piled up in their perfect shape, and that one storey above the other. I went night after night for weeks to see them. It was hawfully grand sight. During the fire, a woman walking by a canal half a mile away had her arm broke by an iron bar by an explosion, as also several similar occurance happened during the fire. There was no less than forty or fifty fireman killed, and engines buried by the fall of parts of the buildings. The fire would have been more serious, for the shipping in Princess Dock would not have been saved only for there being nearest to the dock two fireproof warehouses which stopped the progress of the fire at that point. My house was north of the fire and everytime for weeks had to go the long way round in going to the more poperlous business part of the town, in consequence of the heat from the burning. Unfortunately a short time afterwards there was another fire broke out very near to our residence. It commenced at the bottom of the street – on one side of the street houses, the other warehouses. The fire took the whole side of the warehouses, the wind being favourable for the house side of the street, so was saved. If it had been so, we was in a perilous position, living near the end of the street from the warehouses. Another excitement followed soon after. Some man undertook to jump of the highest point of the tallest ship in the River Mercy, and to fire off a pistol after reaching the water, which feat he accomplished in every point of the satisfaction of the thousands who witnessed it. About eighteen months afterwards, my father-in-law was taken ill. My wife went to see him taking the two boys with her, the youngest then being about two and a half years old. A niece came from the country to keep house in mothers absence. What we did not know was that there had been scarlet-fever in the family and soon after mother returned, our two boys commenced to be bad. The germs of the fever had been bought in the girls clothes. The two boys were very bad, neither I or mother had our clothes off for a fortnight. Our family doctor attended very strictly to them, but there was very little hopes of their recovery. The youngest was worst, the doctor having to squirt vitriol up his nostrils and down his throat in order to keep a passage for his breathing. On a Saturday night it was, the doctor had bought another with him to hold a consultation and said they would be there next morning, and if no better would change the medicine. Mother was convinced from their way they did not expect to find either of them alive in the morning, and so as the doctors had spoken of changing the medicine, she there and then after they had gone, threw all the bottles and medicines out of the house and prepared strong doses of Morrisons Pills and got them taken as quick as possible. Soon after having taken that medicine they both of them fell into a sound sleep for some hours. We also got some sound sleep that night. When they awoke, there appeared a change for the better. Mother gave them another dose, they went to sleep again for some time and awoke able to speak. The medicine went through them and they was able to take a little food. I dont remember what it was they had, but there was quite a change had taken place for the better. The doctors came as they said they would on Sunday morning and was thunderstruck to find such a change in them. From that day, with continuance of the pills they improved rapidly and was convelescents. I suppose the doctor was informed afterwards of the steps mother took on that near point of life and death, for never afterwards would he prescribe for any of us. When he had occasion to visit the house, in the case of requiring medicine he used to say – you know what to take – so gave no prescription, but was very attentive some two years after our daughter (Maria Morton) was born. She was taken bad with diarea which bought on dropsy and suffered very much, her body so swollen, more than the skin could hold causing great pain. The doctors attended several weeks using all means they could think of trying to reduce the swelling in the abdomen, she being rubbed with different things of no use as far as giving ease. Our family doctor ordered to give plenty of extracts of Dandilion which was done, but nothing seemed to do any good, the poor child crying with pain day and night. The doctor went to the despencary himself supposing he would get the extracts purer then perhaps the druggists shops, but for all the filling of the body with water, still was not reduced but rather on the increase. The doctors appeared to be beat to know what to do, and gave her up to die in pain. Several weeks or so elapsed without any mitigation of the pain, the poor child reduced to skin and bone. By some circumstance or other was struck with recollections of having heard of, or read of, Parrs Pills having effected some great cure, that I was so impressed with what I had read, or heard, that I procured a box as speedily as possible and mother cut two or three pills into bits and got the child to swallow them, or as little of something she could be prevailed upon to take them in. And on the second day after two or three doses the water began to drop from her elbows and her body measuring one inch and a half less round, the body continued to decrease daily, and in six weeks from that time was completely cured, having new nails both on her fingers and toes was restored to perfect health, and for many years afterwards had not the least ailment. Allison (William Allison) was then a baby. Grandfather Unwin being dead, we had their grandmother with us. James was about four and a half years old. Grandma Unwin was teaching him and his eldest brother to read and used to talk to them, explaining them, and learning them out of the bible, telling them all about Gods works, that the God that the Bible set forth was our maker and had made all things in heaven and in earth, and that we was to look to him for all good. One day, by misfortune his presence, the handle of a mug broke off, so he at once requested his grandma to tell God – the next mugs he made to put the handles on faster. On another occasion, when Grandma was writing a letter on a low table, sitting on a low chair, he got on the floor with a piece of paper with pen and ink, and drew a correct picture as she was sitting writing with her spectacles on, her quakers cap and shawl over her shoulders – it being winter time. The following summer poor Grandma died of cholera, a sickness very prevalent in all parts of England that year. After the coffin was bought and ready for the corpse to be put in, and in going to the bedroom for the purpose, James had occupied it and was laid all his length in the coffin, and in answer to a question said he was trying if the pillow and all was comfortable for his Grandmother to lie on – not the least timidity with him, but anxious the coffin should be comfortable. Their Grandma was interred in the Friends burying ground by permission as she had wished, being joined to that body for many years previous soon after her marriage. Her youngest son and youngest daughter had arrived just as we returned from burying and grieved at not being able to see their mothers face before being buried. After poor Grandmas death George and James was taught by a young lady name of Powell. Her father was a doctor and had been dead for several years. The mother, with an elder son, kept a druggist shop in the neighbourhood the father had been practising in, and by a hard struggle managed to get him so far through as to get a diploma to practise as a surgeon, and had no sooner done that, turned his mother out of doors. His two sisters and young brother got employment in a chemist shop. The two girls having received a tolerable good education took a house in the subburbs so commenced teaching to our two boys. Their eldest sister was also sent to the Miss Powells where the girls received all the education they had up to the time we left England for Australia (1851) – the eldest (Maria) then being over eleven, and the next (Elizabeth) turned six. Miss Powell got married and left England to go to Rio Janiero, her husband being a native there. That was about eighteen months before we left England. The boys had been attending the Collegiate School in Shore Everton for near four years previous to our leaving England. The competition for a prize was commenced in the school a month to breaking up for the midsummer holidays 1851. J. James got the prize for drawing a map of Liverpool with every street, public buildings, and docks, and he was thirteen and a half years old – the last year of his attending school. I took he and his eldest brother to the exhibition in London* in the month of August, and in November set sail with all my family for Australia. Several notable incidents took place between the time of Grandmas dieing and us leaving England. The Queen had visited Liverpool twice, first to lay the foundation stone of St Georges Hall, and again in 1851 to open the said hall. Prince Albert was also in Liverpool soon after his being married to the Queen, and laid the foundation stone there for the sailors home. On each occasion of their royal visits there was great rejoicing and great processions. Several great alterations took place during that period by railway extensions into the city and several new docks for the shipping which had increased so much up to that time. Had seen the ‘Great Britain’ steamship come into Liverpool, also the ‘Great Eastern’. Saw and was on board the ‘Great Britain’ after she was wrecked and sunk In Dundrenan Bay, and was got up and bought to Liverpool, to appearance a mass of rusty iron.

==[[Clark-62497|George Clark]] Autobiography== Part One [[Space:George Clark Autobiography - Part One| 'Incidence and Circumstances that, I, George Clark can remember from childhood and on through life']]. ==Part Two== ==I , G. C.'s ACCOUNT OF MY CIRCUMSTANCES & PROCEDURE AFTER ARRIVING IN VICTORIA , AUSTRALIA , ON THE 4th MARCH 1852 , WITH MY FAMILY BY THE SHIP ‘MARTIN LUTHER’ , CAPTAIN RENNIE , COMMANDER.== '''(George had grown tired of his profession and the lure of gold and prosperity must have been an irresistible drive to uproot his family with the news of Victorian gold discoveries reaching England only a few months before. The loss of three young infants over the previous few years must have also had a profound effect on the families urge to start afresh. Prior to departure the Clark’s lived at 4 Great Hampden Street, Liverpool.'''
'''The family of eight, George 43yrs and Mary 41yrs, and six children, George Cotton 15yrs, John James 13yrs, Maria Morton 11yrs, William Allison 9yrs, Elizabeth Cotton 6yrs, Georgina 4mths. And Mary’s nephew, Henry Jabez Unwin, 18yrs, made a total of nine who were embarking on the venture of a lifetime.''' '''Sailed on the ‘Martin Luther’. '''Departed England 17 Nov 1851 Duration of voyage 124days. Arrived Port Phillip Bay 4 Mar 1852.''' '''George Ried a passenger, 7yrs at the time, went on to become Premier of N.S.W. and Prime Minister of Australia.
'''The ‘Martin Luther’ later carried 18 female convicts to Van Diemen’s Land.)''' My family consisted of nine in all including Henry Unwin, my wifes nephew. The passage money for all was 145 pounds paid in Liverpool where we sailed from on the seventeenth of November 1851, so was a hundred and twenty-four days on the voyage, calling in at the Cape of Good Hope for a supply of provisions, being run short of by the extravagance of many of the passengers and the mate who gave out rations. He had made a great mistake before being found out of giving double quantities of the meat soups. He also allowed some of the passengers to use the fresh water for washing – which consequently we run short of – for other purposes. We got a supply at the Cape, for which we was thankful, and after a tolerable pleasant journey passed through the Port Phillip heads in full sail without a pilot on Saturday night, seventh of March 1852 (was actually the sixth). Sailed up the bay on Sunday morning and anchored a distance from shore. I must not omit to mention some of the second and third class passengers had threatened to have the captain up for leaving England in short supply of what was necessary for such a voyage – and those was the very ones who had been so extravagant both with the food and water for over two thirds of the passage. But we managed to shame them out of doing so as they threatened, for a kinder and better captain no-one could have desired, doing everything he possibly could to make all in the ship comfortable. When he left Liverpool had abundance of everything for the whole voyage, had there been no mistakes in serving it out, and the passengers been careful and thoughtful of where they was – no shops to run into for a supply. Monday morning ninth of March I left the ship for Melbourne, landed at Sandridge (now Port Melbourne) and made the best of my way to look for a house to take my family to, and so paced about the city until I was tired out and disheartened without any success. So then went round the subburbs and there with little success returned to the city and started again hoping for better luck, taking first one direction and then another. Fortunately saw a man in his shirtsleeves standing against a building – a shop front with shutters up. I found afterwards it was Little Lonsdale Street. I made up to the man in a pitiful way, asked him if he could tell me of any place I could take my family to from the ship, that I had been trying for hours and not succeeding in finding any place at all, only in hotels where they wanted five pounds a week for one room. This kind man just thought for a moment or two and said – Well my mate is leaving his house today, he has got notice that he must pay 20/6 a week. From 8/6 it was rose and he is leaving rather than pay the rent. I will go with you to ascertain if it is let. So away we went and found him taking away his furniture. He told us it was not let, so this kind man took me to the landlord who questioned me about my family – how many of us, and I told him exactly how many of us. As he thought the family too large for so small a cottage – three bedrooms, he should not decide then. I might call next day, so staid on shore that night at the Rainbow Hotel, but did not get one minutes sleep for the quantity of bugs there was. Was glad to get out of the room. So soon as I found the way out in the morning, called upon the landlord at the time appointed where he asked further as to my being able to pay the rent, and then not decide to let the cottage to me in consequence of my family being so many, but would still take another day to consider it, and that I might call again the next day at one o’clock. So went on board the ship that night to my family and left again the next morning to be there at the landlords house at the time he had appointed to see me, and was there at that time. Whilst waiting in the hall, could see in the dining room the table laid out for dinner and partly served up, and just before I had seen him, down came the ceiling covering the table and destroying most of that which was apon it – just as the landlord was coming into the hall. Without many words he said I should have the cottage at 20/6 a week, and to pay a month down in advance, which I did gladly on his giving me the key, and returned to the ship. On the next day, Thursday the seventeenth, got my family and all our luggage on shore, which cost two and a half pounds from wharf to cottage in Stephen Street (?Yarraville) – making ourselves as comfortable as we could in all the varied circumstances, having no other means of sleeping; only on our boxes. But we had plenty of blankets with us, so managed pretty well for a while in that way, using the smaller boxes for to sit apon, one box apon another as a table in the day. There being a good oven in the kitchen, the next day had a leg of mutton roasted – the first fresh meat we had tasted for a long time. The leg cost 6d. per pound, and we enjoyed it very much, but potatoes was 4d. a pound, and bread 5/- 1b, dearer than that afterwards. Gave 20/- a barrel for water, and every thing else accordingly. On landing had about 500 pounds and goods for sale about 150 pounds worth. At the end of April went to the diggings like others to try for gold, but got none. Had a very rough journey up, as there had been a good deal of rain a day or two before. I went by coach. George, Mr Parsons and Mr Moor that was the passengers with us on the ‘Martin Luther’ went up a fortnight before. I taking a dray loaded with requisites on the diggings – tents, also a large box with articles I had to sell, most of which did dispose of for very good profit. Some guns that I bought in Sheffield at from 35/- to 40/- got 8-10 pounds for, some other articles in like manner I sold. Was only in the diggings six weeks and had sunk three holes from ten to twenty feet, and not getting any gold we all got tired, so came to the conclusion to sell the tent and utensils and return to Melbourne, which we did, giving up the holes we had sunk to some sailors from the ‘Martin Luther’, and was told afterwards that they got a lot of gold out of two of the holes by sinking much deeper than we had done. One of them we knew had returned to England with 600 pounds another 400 pounds. On returning from the diggings by coach had several creeks to cross and they was so high and the currants so strong, the coach and horses was all washed down the stream. The passengers had gone over first in a boat safely, but was unfortunate in losing what we had left in the coach. Had to walk the remainder of the way to Melbourne – about sixteen miles. On arrival found everything very high in price except meat – eggs 1/- each, butter 5/- lb., bacon 2/6 lb., milk 1/- pint, cabbages 2/6 each, sugar 10d. lb., all kind of fruit very dear, and rents going up. The cottage I took in March at 20/6 a week I got notice to quit or pay 2.20 pound a week. In August, two months afterwards, the same cottage was rose to 4 pound a week, and a little while after that to 6 pound. On getting notice of the rise in rent, started to go to the landlord to try to get a lower rent then he had fixed by offering to take a lease, but fortunately on my way there in Latrobe Street saw a bill in the window, this house to let – a two storey house, a room each side of the door, first and second story with cellars. I knocked at the door; the door was opened by a young woman. I said what is the rent of this house? A man in bed called out 120 pound a year. I stepped in and saw it was in a filthy state, asked if they would have it cleaned down, he said no, would do nothing to it. I might have it for two or three years at 120 pound take it as it is. He the owner was drunk in bed. I went back and took mother to look at the house. She thought as I did, it would be much better than the cottage we were in, being so much larger, that something could be done with it, and the rent not quite so much as where we was. So at once arranged to go with the owner to his lawyer next morning at ten o’clock which we did, and the agreement made out and signed, each of us paying one pound ten, and I paying one quarters rent in advance, received the keys and set to work the following day to get it cleaned down and papered, fortunately for the owners. I had the lease made out for only two years, as he had supposed to be able to get a cottage that would suit him for about ten shillings a week but to his great surprise could not, even so small under 30/- a week and upwards. His family was in a great way having to let their house of six rooms for so low a rent as it afterwards proved, as in a week or two after we was in would have let it for six pound a week, and he the owner had to put up with a tent in a friends yard for some time until was uncomfortable and came to ask me permission to fix a tent in our backyard. Of course I could not refuse him under such circumstance, though an unpleasant affair having them on the premises, which they was for about eighteen months. There was the owner of the house, wife, son, and two daughters grown up. The father and son was at that time earning together 21 pound a week, they was stone-masons and spent it all every week eating and drinking. Good living they would have, supposing such good wages was going to last all their life long, but unfortunately found out their mistake and had to suffer for it afterwards. After getting the house ready to go into got our goods what we had removed by the time the notice was due. The cellars I found very dry and well lighted so at once got a board put up for the storage of immigrants luggage, and very soon got a quantity in, making from three to four pound a week. Had to get chairs, tables, and bedsteads, and many other articles of house-hold requisites we had managed without previously, everything being very high in price, costing about six pound per week to keep house besides rent, so let the parlour off which reduced expenses some what. Fortunately J.James was bringing in what was a great help, as schooling was very expensive I hunted a little, buying and selling, which was some help towards the expences, as there was nothing else I could turn my hand to. Sit at my trade I could not, tried it for a while but was obliged to give it up. I never thought to follow it after getting out to Australia. I had had enough of it in England before we left there, and made up my mind to do anything that would pay best, rather than go to follow my trade after leaving England. Even if it was only to do menial work – even to fill dung carts - that was my feeling on leaving. Considering all things, we managed pretty well and kept up our spirits under it all. Being aware that two years would soon be passed over and would need be provided with some other house to go to the end of the two year lease, I had bought a piece of land near Brighton. But it was considered too far from Melbourne for my family to expect to live, so sold it again at a good profit and bought a piece in Collingwood. Had two cottages of five rooms each put on it and let them at 35/- a week each. After receiving the rents for eighteen months and finding the situation not a suitable one for to take my family, I sold them – and as it proved, just in the nick of time – for 265 pounds more than the cost me. Very soon after, the man who built them had put up two for himself – and exactly the same – and tried to sell them very soon after and could not get for his as much as mine had cost. That kind of property had gone down too much. The builder was the partie who got me the customer for mine, and so soon after could not get a customer for his own near the price – rents went down so much for that kind of property so situate. I had previous to selling these cottages bought fifty feet of land in Johnson Street for 150 pounds, allotments at Williamstown for 41.16 pounds, two allotments near Brighton in Gypsy Village for 30 pounds, them other allotments at Clifton near Little Eltham for 32.5 pounds. Afterwards in South Braybrook for 17.16 pounds betwixt March 1852 and 1853. In October 1853 commenced to build in Johnson Street Collingwood when materials and labour was very high, and after, conteded with heavy expences. Up to the time had over 800 pounds in cash, besides the different allotments of land all paid for, not owing a shilling to anyone when building commenced. Foundations was laid for two shops, supposing to be able to have the two tenements put up together, but soon found out it could not be done at the price of material and labour, so had only the one proceeded with and had to borrow from the building society 400 pounds and after the 800 pounds was spent, so that there was a heavy rent to pay instead of being rent free as was supposed before commencing to build. I was having to pay monthly 10.10 pounds for the loan of the 400 pounds for nearly six years, and house expences at the rate of 24 pounds per month or more. I had some immigrants luggage removed to Collingwood when left Latrobe Street on 17 March 1854 and got little for keeping them in store. Diggers got worse off and was not able to pay storage. Had no fresh ones after the first eighteen months. Had several of the boxes left on my hands never fetched: advertised them for a certain time and then had them opened, but found nothing in them that would fetch anything as the best things had been taken out when the owners had called to pay something towards the storage due, and left only what was destroyed by moths; of no use to them, or what they could do without. Finding that I could not let the store to advantage opened it as a grocery, but did not make much out of that – about two to three pound a week for nearly two years then the business fell off through the street being cut down – the wet weather at the time people was unable to get into the shop for the wet clay. Just then Smith Street was going ahead, drawing the people there, so it was considered the best to give the grocery up. We had then been in Collingwood over three years. My family got tired of Collingwood, wanting to be nearer Melbourne and more convenient to James office, so was persuaded to buy a piece of land in Drummond Street, Carlton – twentyfour foot frontage and gave 277.40 pounds for it. Had to borrow from the building society money to build the house. Cost before being finished so as to be fit for to go into was over 800 pounds, which I could not have undertaken only for the help James gave. He had previously promised before the building was commenced to help me to meet the monthly payments to the building society which was 20 pounds a month. Together with the Collingwood building society which had to run five or six years, payment every month was heavy, and could not have been met only as James gave me a certain sum every month; for everything was very dear. Nothing was coming in at that time but the rent of the house in Collingwood and what I made by collecting and buying and selling different articles that I could make a little by, and so managed to keep all things pretty well strait. We went to Drummond Street in July 1857, and then had many different articles of furniture to buy, being short of for the larger house. In February 1858 John James went to England and was away nine months; during that time was without his help. Previous to his going away arrangements had been come to by the Collingwood Building Society to wind up, for the borrowers to pay down a certain sum per share and the investors to receive a certain sum per share, and so wind up the society. My amount came to over 200 pounds to pay, and as James was going to England, required some cash together with interest and insurance and some money to be spent on the Collingwood property. It was arranged that I should get 400 pounds on the Collingwood house, paying off the 200 pound – getting that mortgage was expensive – and sent to James whilst he was away three bank drafts amounting in all to 164 pounds. During the time he was away had the parlour and bedroom let, which was a great help towards the house expences, which was heavy. Besides the money sent to James in England, there was 47 pounds spent on the Colloingwood property before it would be let to any advantage, on the south side, as the rain beat though the joints and that cost 7 pound, and some furniture to buy, together with taxes 20 pounds. Interest on borrowed money was 24 pound, firewood that year cost 18 pound, housekeeping to end of October 48 pounds, clothing 22 pounds. All these expences amount to over 150 pounds for the house during the time James was away. Then after he was back, to the end of December paid taxes 2 pound. For shoes 4 pound. Housekeeping 22 pound, wine bill 8 pound. Other expences both in Drummond Street and Johnson Street 25 pound, making total expences in that year, besides the sums sent to England 425 pound. The lawyers expences that year was 22 pound. There was the interest on the 400 pound to pay, besides the Building Society for Drummond Street property. In 1859 the expences ran very high including housekeeping, servants wages, taxes, schooling, insurances, interest on building money, clothing, together with some articles of furniture and various expences about the house in improved alterations. In all was 453 pound for the year 1859. James reduced his money to the house and for all help in 1859, then 25 pound a month. (This reduced until ) In 1866 he allowed 5 pound a month up to July when he married, after that – no more. To the time George was married I received from him at the rate of 25/6 a week, and for only the weeks he was earning. I had opened an account at the bank. My earnings by collecting enabled me to meet the deficiencies on the monthly account, the expences still very heavy with one thing and another after George and James was married. From that year to the remaining five or six years afterwards that we remained in Carlton it was all I could do to meet all the expences from year to year out of the income. My collecting improved a great deal or I should not have been able, as there was many and varied expences one way or the other that could not be calculated apon right away. Up to the time we went to Richmond to live, then to Williamstown, and from there to Carlton again for eleven years up to the time of dear mothers death, had always been a great struggle to keep things clear, always striving to have a little cash before hand in the bank. Had 60 pound odd at the time poor mother took to her bed – that was October 1883 – three months before her death. In the interim betwixt there and leaving for Sydney, had paid funeral and all other expences, the grave covering over with slabs and the lettering in the tomb, and doctors and nurses expences. After having the household effects sold, 27 pound was put in the Federal Bank to Elizabeths account, and for leaving for Sydney after paying passage money, I had left in the Metropolitan Building Society only 10 pound odd. Had received from James towards the extra expences in all 19 pound in November 1883, 18 pound in May 1864, making total 37 pound that is towards all expences from October 1983 to January 1984, extras such as doctors, nurse, funeral, and grave expences amounting to 80 pound. Whilst in Sydney betwixt May 1884 and December 1886 Allison had 30 pound, in January 1987, 27 pound, in January 1888, 3 pound.

The following apparent extraction from ''Genealogical and Family History of the State of Maine.'' (Little, G.T. Burrage, H.S., Stubbs, A.R. New York: Lewis Historical Pub; 1909) was removed from the profile of [[Cleeve-50|George Cleeve (abt.1586-1667)]] ------ CLEAVES Cleve, Cleeves and Clive, variously spelled, is derived from local names. Parishes of this name are found in the counties of Gloucester, Somerset and Worcester. The Cleve coat-of-arms is : A wolf's head erased per pale dancette art sable. The family bearing this armorial has its seat in Walford, county Salop. Another ancient armorial of the family is: Argent an escarbuncle sable. The following is used by the family at Huxley, Chester, who descend from the Clives of Syche : Argent on a fesse between three wolves' heads erased sable as many mullets or. Crest : A griffin passant with wings endorsed ducally gorged or. The London family has the same device. A coat-of-arms in general use, perhaps the original of the above : Argent on a fesse between three foxes heads erased sable, as many mullets or. Crest : A fox's head erased sable. (I) George Cleeves, the first of the name in this country, was born in England about 1576, and came from Plymouth in Devonshire in 1630 and settled first at Spurwink, or Scarborough, Maine. After two years he moved farther eastward and is said to have been the first settler at Falmouth, now the city of Portland, drawn thither, it is said, by the magnificent harbor. He served on the grand jury in 1640. He united with Richard Tucker, of Saco, both in trade and land speculation, "thereby promoting great discord among patentees." Cleeves and Tucker took a lease of fifteen hundred acres of land, including Hog Island in Casco Bay, from Sir Ferdinando Gorges, the patentee of Maine, January 27, 1636. They conveyed Hog Island by lease to Alexander Rigby, May 23, 1643. George Cleeves granted to Edward Rigby a thousand acres near Casco Bay. Cleeves sold a lot at Saco, both in trade and land speculation, "thereby promoting great discord among patentees." Cleeves and Tucker took a lease of fifteen hundred acres of land, including Hog Island in Casco Bay, from Sir Ferdinando Gorges, the patentee of Maine, January 27, 1636. They conveyed Hog Island by lease to Alexander Rigby, May 23, 1643. George Cleeves granted to Edward Rigby a thousand acres near Casco Bay. Cleeves sold a lot at Black Point, September 30, 1648, to Henry Watts; one hundred acres to Nicholas Bart- lett, on Falmouth Neck, adjoining land of Cleeves and his son-in-law, Michael Britton: to Michael Mitton a tract fronting Casco river from Mitton's dwelling house to land of Richard Tucker, Falmouth Neck, on Back Cove, May 1, 1658; to Nathaniel Mitton fifty acres on Back Cove, May 20, 1658; to John Bush four hundred acres at Cape Porpoise, May 14, 1661 ; to Hope Allen four hundred acres at Falmouth ; to Michael Britton a tract at Casco Bay, February 24, 1650; to Thomas Kimball, Hog Island, in Casco Bay, May 15, 1658; grants to various neighbors to establish bounds April 12, 1664. Cleeves was admitted a freeman in 1658; was deputy to the general court in 1663. He died in 1667, probably very old, as his wife Joan, who died in 1663, was eighty- seven. (See histories of Willis and Folsom, Winthrop i., p. 237, ii., p. 256; Sullivan, 312- 16.) Cleeves had a daughter Elizabeth, who cruel death of any of the innocent victims of the Rev. Cotton Mather and his fellow persecutors during the witchcraft delusion.

[[Cline-6411|George Cline (abt.1796-abt.1856)]]
[[Space:Sarah_Cline_1860_Administration|Sarah Cline 1860 Administration]]
[[Space:Alfred_and_Sarah_Cline_Guardianship|Alfred and Sarah Cline Guardianship]] [[Space:Select_Cline_News|Select Cline News]] ----- '''Estate of George Cline deceased''', David Light Administrator. George Cline left a widow and thirteen (13) heirs. With the exception of the minor children (Alfred Cline and Sarah Cline), none of his surviving children are named as such in the administrator's record. That record detailed 24 receipts and reconciled the balance due to heirs, but it excluded the record of those payments. A marginal note of 23 February 1863 indicates the receipts (nos. 25-38) for "balance in admins hands" (ala the final settlement to heirs) were filed separately. Paging through much of volume 19 has not found a record of the separate filing for those additional receipts. See Vol. 19, "Years 1862-1895," FSL film 960106, digital collection (DGS) 5874761, images [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9QP-XNV3?i=357&cc=1992421&cat=256298 358]-end of roll. '''[Richland County, Ohio] Probate Case Files.''' See [Richland County, Ohio] Probate Case Files. 1813-1935; catalog entry, [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/2778602?availability=Family%20History%20Library ''FamilySearch''].
:George Cline/1856/#1487 - '''No paperwork found'''. See [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS6Z-4SCQ-W?i=2075&cat=2778602 ''FamilySearch''], DGS 102863837, image 2076 of 6144. :Case opened 5/01/1856; closed, 11/24/1857; Letters issued May 1856; Inventory July 1856; Settlement November 1857.
[Richland County, Ohio] General Index to Probate Books 1813 - 1937, aka Bollman's General Index to Estates, Guardians, Assignees, Trustees, Divorces and Real Estate Cases, A1487/George Cline; digital images, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C39J-H7ZT-9?cat=3023405 ''FamilySearch'']. Note: Who is George F. Cline vs Henry Cline et al., Real Estate Record 3:144.
:Executor's/Administrator's/Assignee's Docket--1:470 :Minute Docket-3:40 :Inventory Record. Estates.-Admin R. 15:296 :Record of Bonds--2:6
[Richland County, Ohio] Administrative Dockets 1837-1878 1(1837-1856):1170 (1487/George Cline, Deceased); digital images, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G9QP-X67K?i=250&cc=1992421&cat=256298 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 960095, digital collection (DGS) 5874750 image 251 of 615, for Letters of Administration (1 May 1856), Inventory and Sale Bill (filed 12 July 1856/recorded 15:298); Settlement (filed 24 November 1857/recorded 16:250/no. 3); David Light, Administrator; Bail ($1600.00) by Wm DeHart and F. Warf. [Richland County, Ohio] Administrators, executors and guardians bonds, 1849-1891, 2 (1856-1866):6-7; digital images, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-89QP-NKX9?i=34&cc=1992421&cat=256347 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 960128 (Item 1), digital collection (DGS) 005876509, image 35 of 564, for George Cline, Deceased, David Light Administrator--Administrator appointment (1 May 1856) and bond (904, 1 May 1856). [Richland County, Ohio] Administrators, executors and guardians bonds, 1849-1891 > Bond record v. 2 1856-1866, 2 (1856-1866):6-7; digital images, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-89QP-NKX9?i=34&cc=1992421&cat=256347 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 960128 (Item 1), digital collection (DGS) 5876509, image 35 of 564 for Appointment and Bond of David Light, Adm'r of the estate of George Cline, deceased. [Richland County, Ohio] Administration records, 1813-1885, 15:296-300; digital images, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-89QP-XDLG?i=544&cc=1992421&cat=256298 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 960104, digital collection (DGS) 5874759, images 545-547 of 752, for Inventory/Appraisement (between 12 May 1856 and 5 June 1856) and Sale Bill (5 June 1856), filed and sworn 12 July 1856; appraisement by Wm Foulks, Daniel Lyburger and James Hunter; adm'r, David Light. [Richland County, Ohio] Administration records 1856-1860, 16 (1856-1859):250-251; digital images, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9QP-FP2T?i=148&cc=1992421&cat=256298 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 960105, digital collection (DGS) 5874760, image 148-149 of 684; Settlement Account of David Light, Adm'r of George Cline, deceased, for "[balance of] 146.27 ... '''Of this amt the widow gets one half, 73.63-1/2 [''sic'']. This is [then] to be divided among thirteen heirs being the sum of $5.62 to each'''." Marginal note reads, "Receipts No 25 to 38 inclusive filed for the balance in Admins hands Feby 23, 1863 -- J. Meredith _____." If those 14 receipts (numbered 25-38) are located, they will name the widow, Sarah Cline, and the other 13 heirs. ==Research Notes== '''Richland County, Ohio, Probate Catalog entry.''' [Richland County, Ohio] Probate Court, [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/results?count=20&query=%2Bauthor_id%3A256519 ''FamilySearch''] Catalog - main author. '''Journals.''' [Richland County, Ohio] Journals 1852-1886; catalog entry, [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/201195?availability=Family%20History%20Library ''FamilySearch'']. :2:163 (David Light/George Cline); digital image, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9BQ-T96Z?i=442&cat=201195 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 388787, digital collection (DGS) 007711876, image 443 of 665. '''Probate Indices.''' *[Richland County, Ohio] Administration records 1856-1860, 16 (1856-1859): [INDEX]; digital image, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-99QP-F5KW?i=8&cc=1992421&cat=256298 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 960105, digital collection (DGS) 5874760, image 9 of 684, for George Cline, dec'd, David Light, admin., 250; *[Richland County, Ohio] Administrators, executors and guardians bonds, 1849-1891 > Index to executors & administrators, 1852-1897. See [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/256347?availability=Family%20History%20Library ''FamilySearch'' Catalog]. Note, there is no index to what seems the first volume, otherwise "Administrators & guardians bonds 1849-1855" on FHL film 960127, digital collection (DGS) 5876508, seems to begin at [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-89QP-VNXW?i=125&cc=1992421&cat=256347 ''FamilySearch''] image 126 of 454. *[Richland County, Ohio] Administrators, executors and guardians bonds, 1849-1891, for 1 (1852-1897 [INDEX of Adm'r]):[Letter L/1856]; digital images, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9QP-VN2J?i=62&cc=1992421&cat=256347 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 960127, digital collection (DGS) 5876508, image 63 of 454; for 1856, David Light, Administrator, George Cline, "470." '''Did not locate underlying document at "470'''," but did find the item associated with record indexed for those deceased (DGS 5876509). *[Richland County, Ohio] Administrators, executors and guardians bonds, 1849-1891 > Bond record v. 2 1856-1866 [Index of Dec'd/Letter C]; digital images, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G9QP-NKSR?i=8&cc=1992421&cat=256347 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 960128 (Item 1), digital collection (DGS) 5876509, image 9 of 564 for George Cline, Deceased, David Light, Adm'r, 6. *Ohio Richland Bonds 1856-1866, 1 (INDEX/L/1856): digital image, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9QP-VN2J?i=62&cc=1992421&cat=256347 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 960128 (Item 1), digital collection (DGS) 5876509, image 63 of 454; for 1856, David Light, Administrator, George Cline, 470. ['''Did not find this underlying doc'''; one 470 is here 360 of 454 https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-89QP-VNYB?i=359&cc=1992421&cat=256347] *[Richland County, Ohio] Administrators, executors and guardians bonds, 1849-1891, 2 (1856-1866):[INDEX/C); digital images, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G9QP-NKSR?i=8&cc=1992421&cat=256347 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 960128 (Item 1), digital collection (DGS) 005876509. image 9 of 564, for George Cline, Deceased, David Light Administrator, Bonds page 6. *[Richland County, Ohio] Bonds 1856-1866 vol 2 record-image 35 of 564 George Cline bond, page 6. '''Early F indexes.''' See [Ohio] Richland County General Index to Probate Books 1813 - 1937, 1A Direct, 1813–1879" (aka Bollman's General Index ...") for F Surnames, beginning image [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C39J-H78D-D?i=126&cat=3023405 127]-149 of 253. == Sources ==

[[Cline-6411|George Cline (abt.1796-abt.1856)]] [[Unknown-615985|Sarah (Unknown) Cline (abt.1808-abt.1859)]] [[Space:George_Cline_Research_Notes|George Cline Research Notes]]
[[Space:George_Cline_1856_Administration|George Cline 1856 Administration]]
[[Space:Select_Cline_News|Select Cline News]]
[[Space:Cline_Family_Group|Cline Family Group]] ----- George Cline died leaving '''thirteen equal heirs.''' See [Richland County, Ohio] Administration records 1856-1860, 16 (1856-1859):250-251 (#3/George Cline); digital images, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9QP-FP2T?i=148&cc=1992421&cat=256298 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 960105, Digital Collection (DGS) 5874760, image 149 of 684; Settlement Account of David Light, Adm'r of George Cline, deceased, for "'''Of this amt the widow gets one half, 73.63-1/2. This is to be divided among thirteen heirs being the sum of $5.62 to each'''." The names of the thirteen heirs were not given as such in either of the recorded settlement accounts. Marginal note on this, the final settlement account reads, "Receipts No 25 to 38 inclusive filed for the balance in Admins hands Feby 23, 1863 -- J. Meredith _____." Note: Have paged through much of volume 19 without locating a record of these additional receipts. The outline below roughly identifies the children of George Cline, dec'd. The names of those born to his first marriage must be proven, as no record of their names as been located in estate documents. The names of his surviving children born to his second marriage are known from the probate record of his second wife, Sarah. ==Marriage to ____ (____) Cline== George and ___ (_____) Cline were the parents of # (probably) '''John Cline''', born say between 1813 and 1815,John Cline in 1850 U.S. Census, "United States Census, 1850," database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MXQ6-XMZ : 22 December 2020), John Cline, Norwalk, Huron, Ohio, United States; citing family , NARA microfilm publication (Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.). Apparent wife is Sarah, apparent children as William G. Cline, Milo Cline and Hannah M. Cline. Jno Cline in 1860 U.S. Census at Norwalk Village, Huron County, Ohio, "United States Census, 1860", database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MCGF-5VT : 18 February 2021), Jno Cline, 1860. Has wife Sarah; apparent dependents/children include Wm M Cline, Milo Cline, Lucy Moore, Lucy Chapman, Geo [Illegible]. died Norwalk, Huron County, Ohio, 6 January 1876; married Huron County, 29 March 1836, Sarah Smith.John Cline and Sarah Smith, 1836 marriage, "Ohio Marriages, 1800-1958", database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XDN2-W2Q : 25 March 2020), John Cline, 1836. (He is presumed otherwise a son born say 1810-1815. [1830 census, age 15-20],) # _____ Cline, son born say 1815-1820. [1830 census, age 10-15] # '''Margaret Cline''', born 23 April 1817, died Franklin, Fulton County, Ohio, 3 January 1889Margaret McLaughlin 1889 death, "Ohio, County Death Records, 1840-2001," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:F62J-T3F : 1 March 2021), Margaret Mc Laughlin, 03 Jan 1889; citing Death, Frankliln, Fulton, Ohio, United States, source ID v2 p126 ln6, County courthouses, Ohio; FHL microfilm 423,615. and buried Floral Grove Cemetery, West Unity, Williams County, Ohio; married Richland County, Ohio, 8 January 1835, John McLaughlin.McLaughlin-Kline 1835 marriage, "Ohio Marriages, 1800-1958", database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XDV4-GQ7 : 25 March 2020), Margaret Kline in entry for John McLaughlin, 1835.McLauglin-Kline 1835 marriage, "Ohio, County Marriages, 1789-2016", database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XDPY-NQ3 : 27 September 2021), John Mclauglin and Margaret Kline, 1835.See Margaret Cline, [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/9418958/margaret-mclaughlin ''FindAGrave''].Margaret Kline, PID 9SND-XVS; web content, [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9SND-XVS ''FamilySearch'' FamilyTree].John McLaughlin; web content, [https://www.fultoncoogs.org/histories-and-obits/mclaughlin%2C-john Fulton County Chapter of the Ohio Genealogical Society]. (She is presumed otherwise a daughter born say 1815-1820. [1830 census, age 10-15].) # _____ Cline, son born say 1815-1820. [1830 census, age 10-15] # '''Elizabeth Cline''', born about 1821; married Williams County, Ohio, 4 December 1838, Ebenezer Almonza ("E. A.") Packard.Packard-Cline 1838 marriage, "Ohio, County Marriages, 1789-2016", database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XZTL-32K : 29 September 2021), Elizabeth Cline and Ebenezer A. Packard, 1838.See Elizabeth Cline, [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LWPQ-P28 ''FamilyTree'']. (She is presumed otherwise a daughter born say 1820-1825. [1830 census, age 5-10].) # (possibly) '''Jeremiah Cline''', born about 1824, died probably Williams County, Ohio, 1 June 1883, buried Floral Grove Cemetery, West Unity, Williams County;Jeremiah Cline, memorial 89396896 and gravestone image; web content, [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/89396896/jeremiah-cline ''FindAGrave''], maintained by Kay Beucler; gravestone images by PLS. married Williams County, 12 March 1852, Matilda Eyer. (He is presumed otherwise a son born say 1820-1825. [1830 census, age 5-10].) # _____ Cline, son born say 1825-1830. [1830 census, age under 5] # _____ Cline, daughter born say 1825-1830. [1830 census, age under 5] Known heirs of George (but not second wife Sarah) whose names do not yet appear in the child list, #'''Mary Anne (Cline) _____''', possibly Mary Anne (Cline) Bricker, who married probably Levi Bricker, as his first wife; she is assumed to have been deceased by 1860 (and probably by 1857). #'''William Cline''', who was of Sacramento, California in 1860. #'''_____ Cline''' (son), deceased, leaving an infant child, William Cline; the child's guardian was David Brownell of Williams County in 1860. #'''Jacob Cline''', who was deceased by 1860--unless Jacob is aka John Cline of Norwalk. ==Marriage to Sarah (?Miller) (Foulks) Cline== #'''[[Cline-6418|Catherine Cline]]''', born about 1830;1850 U.S. census, Richland County, Ohio, population schedule, Blooming Grove Township, page 172 (stamped), dwelling 237, family 237, Eli Roup household, 19 September 1850, National Archives micropublication M432, roll 724; digital images [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-696Q-FQF?i=161&cc=1401638&cat=121180 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 444717, Digital Collection (DGS) 4204503, image 162 of 770. (One door down from George Cline household.) married in Richland County, Ohio, 8 December 1848, Eli/Elias Ropp;Ropp-Cline 1848 marriage, "Ohio, County Marriages, 1789-2016", database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XZ61-YMP : 29 September 2021), Elias Ropp and Catherine Cline, 1848.Ropp-Cline 1848 marriage, "Ohio, County Marriages, 1789-2016", database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XDPY-YX1 : 29 September 2021), Elias Ropp and Katharine Cline, 1848. she was named as one of Sarah's heirs. #'''[[Cline-6410|David Cline]]''', born July 1832, died near Bryan, Williams County, Ohio, September 1899; married in Richland County, 26 August 1856, Anna C. Whisler;David Cline 1899 obituary, ''Bryan (Ohio) Democrat'', edition of September 14, 1899, page 4, column 5 (or 6); digital image courtesy of the Williams County (Ohio) Public Library to GeneJ, "David Cline," email of 26 August 2022, reports his birth at Richland Count, July 1832; died on Tuesday of last week. he was named as one of Sarah's heirs. #'''[[Cline-6412|Diana Cline]]''', born 14 May 1835 (or 1836), died ?11 August 1883;Diana ''Cline'' Hollabaugh, memorial 50385627 and gravestone photograph; web content, [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/50385627/diana-hollabaugh ''FindAGrave'']. married Richland County, Ohio, 4 November 1852, John Hollabaugh;Hollabaugh-Cline 1852 marriage, "Ohio, County Marriages, 1789­1994," index and images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/XDPB­QV4 : accessed 18 May 2011), Mr. John Hollabaugh and Miss Diana Cline, 04 Nov 1852, Richland County, citing reference It4 pg133, FHL microfilm 388736. This couple was married by James Huston, J. P. she was named as one of Sarah's heirs. #'''[[Cline-6413|Daniel Cline]]''', born 20 January 1838, died in Richland County, 1 January 1902;"Deaths," news item about Daniel Kline, ''Mansfield (Ohio) News'', January 2, 1902, page 6, column 5; digital images via download from Ancestry.com, 2011 (stories and publications). married in Richland County, Ohio, 8 September 1859, Margaret Wells;Cline-Wells 1859 marriage, "Ohio Marriages, 1800-1958", database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XDVH-3QX : 25 March 2020), Daniel Cline, 1859. he was named as one of Sarah's heirs. #Samuel Cline (1840-1843), apparent burial record.Samuel Cline, memorial 189574020 (only); web content, [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/189574020/samuel-cline ''FindAGrave''], maintained by Aaron John Turner. #Eli Cline (1842-1843), apparent burial record.Eli Cline, memorial 66165984 and gravestone image; web content, [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/66165984/eli-cline ''FindAGrave''], maintained by lisa; gravestone image by Names in Stone. #'''[[Cline-6414|Alfred Cline]]''', born 4 September 1844,[Richland County, Ohio] Guardians' record, 2 (1863-1868):252-253 (Alfred Cline); digital image, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9QG-BLK4?i=547&cc=1992421&cat=189731 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 960122, Digital Collection (DGS) 5874774, image 548 of 763, for William Foulk's Final Account "Alfred Cline minor heir of George Cline and Sarah Cline said ward having attained his majority September 4 1865." died in Frostburg, Allegany County, Maryland, 8 February 1921;''The Cumberland (Maryland) Evening News'', Wednesday, February 9, 1921, page 10, col. 1. The obituary calls out his only surviving sibling, "Mrs. Sarah Steffy" of Bryan, Ohio. See also Civil War pension cards, Alfred Cline, Co. ?I, 123, Ohio Infantry for his death then and there, has application number 288489 and certificate no. 796292.Alfred Cline, "United States Veterans Administration Pension Payment Cards, 1907-1933," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:K6H8-P2Z : 20 August 2019), Alfred Cline, 1907-1933; citing NARA microfilm publication M850 (Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.); FHL microfilm 1,634,452.Alfred Cline, memorial 155330801 and pension card image; web content, [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/155330801/alfred-cline ''FindAGrave''], maintained by Charles Riend, pension image by Charles Riend. married in Allehany County, Maryland, 7 September 1864, Mary Dudley;Cline-Dudley 1864 marriage, "Maryland County Marriages, 1658-1940," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q297-FMQ3 : 17 March 2018), Alfred Cline and Mary Dudley, 07 Sep 1864; citing Allegany, Maryland, United States, clerk of the circuit court from various counties; FHL microfilm 13,310. he was named as one of Sarah's heirs. #Eliza Jane Cline (no dates), apparent burial record.Eliza Jane Cline, memorial 66166004 and gravestone image; web content, [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/66166004/eliza-jane-cline ''FindAgrave''], maintained by lisa; gravestone image by Names in Stone. #'''[[Cline-6401|Sarah Cline]]''', born 19 December 1846, died Cardington, Morrow County, Ohio, 27 July 1925;Sarah Steffey 1925 death, "Ohio Deaths, 1908-1953," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:X63M-H5D : 8 March 2021), Sarah Steffey, 27 Jul 1925; citing Cardington, Morrow, Ohio, reference fn 42074; FHL microfilm 1,992,676.Sarah ''Cline'' Steffey, memorial 132504177 and gravestone image; web content, [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/132504177/sarah-steffey ''FindAGrave''], maintained by Judy Ebersole, gravestone image by Debe Clark. married Richland County, 14 May 1867, Andrew J. Steffey;Steffey-Cline 1867 marriage, "Ohio, County Marriages, 1789-2016", database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XZ5R-4RD : 29 September 2021), A. J. Steffey and Sarah Cline, 1867. she was named as one of Sarah's heirs. #Rosanna Cline (1848-1848), apparent burial record.Rosanah Cline, memorial 66166041 and gravestone image; web content, [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/66166041/rosanah-cline ''FindAGrave''], maintained by lisa; gravestone image by SavingRecordsForOurFuture. ==Apparently Not== * John Cline, of Williams County, Ohio, who left will dated 3 March 1860. Will calls out his sister Elizabeth Richman. See [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-89QG-BKK2?i=157&cc=1992421&cat=258858 ''FamilySearch'']. *William Cline of Richland County, Ohio, who left will dated 26 April 1843, witnessed by George W. Cline and Peter Rice, proved 12 August 1844. Testator name six sons as Joseph Cline, John Cline, Jacob Cline, William Cline, Adam Cline and Samuel Cline; son in law John Konkle. Also names his two daughters as Katherine Johnston and Elizabeth McLeasky. See [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-99QP-FWK3?i=607&cc=1992421&cat=256298 ''FamilySearch'']. ==Surely/Probably== ===John Cline=== *John Cline and Sarah Smith, 1836 marriage, "Ohio Marriages, 1800-1958", database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XDN2-W2Q : 25 March 2020), John Cline, 1836. *John Cline in 1850 U.S. Census, "United States Census, 1850," database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MXQ6-XMZ : 22 December 2020), John Cline, Norwalk, Huron, Ohio, United States; citing family , NARA microfilm publication (Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.). Wife is Sarah, apparent children as William G. Cline, Milo Cline and Hannah M. Cline. *Jno Cline in 1860 U.S. Census at Norwalk Village, Huron County, Ohio, "United States Census, 1860", database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MCGF-5VT : 18 February 2021), Jno Cline, 1860. Has wife Sarah; apparent dependents/children include Wm M Cline, Milo Cline, Lucy Moore, Lucy Chapman, Geo [Illegible]. *John Cline in 1870 U.S. Census, "United States Census, 1870", database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M62G-ZK5 : 29 May 2021), John Cline, 1870. *John Cline 1876 death, Norwalk, Norwalk County, Huron, Ohio, "Ohio, County Death Records, 1840-2001," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:F6NM-7Z7 : 1 March 2021), John Cline, 06 Jan 1876; citing Death, Norwalk, Norwalk City, Huron, Ohio, United States, source ID v 1 p 58, County courthouses, Ohio; FHL microfilm 410,483. *John Cline 1876 death, Norwalk, Norwalk County, Huron, Ohio, "Ohio, County Death Records, 1840-2001," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:F6VJ-VX3 : 1 March 2021), John Cline, 06 Jan 1876; citing Death, Norwalk, Norwalk City, Huron, Ohio, United States, source ID bk 1 p 58, County courthouses, Ohio; FHL microfilm 865,076. *See Huron County Community Library. https://huroncolib.org/obituary-index *Huron County Probate. See Ohio, Huron County, probate court records, 1851-1967 https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/249944?availability=Family%20History%20Library Also Ohio, Huron County, probate records, estate files, guardianship files, 1815-1936 ; See Ohio, Huron County, probate records, estate files, guardianship files, 1815-1936 at https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/350856?availability=Family%20History%20Library ::See "C" https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9ML-W9M6-Q?i=29&cc=1992421&cat=350856 ; John Cline indexed on 005432157 at image [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G9ML-W9M1-N?i=33&cc=1992421&cat=350856 34] and [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-89ML-W9MY-K?i=34&cc=1992421&cat=350856 35]of 732--Case 1402; "W. M. Cline (resigned); Sarah A. Cline and M. A. Dunton; has ::Will Record, 3:94; see 005430554 at image [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-89M2-DSWK?i=56&cc=1992421&cat=292665 57] of 680. :::Mentions adopted daughter. ::Admin. Docket as 2:193 and "See 4:132" ::Record of Settlements 4:479; 6:26; 7:234; 7:152; 12:443 ::Inventory 5:14 *John Cline in FamilySearch FamilyTree, :::John Cline, deceased (m. Sarah Smith, 29 March 1836), PID 9SQS-RKF; https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9SQS-RKF :::John Cline, 1815-deceased (m. Sarah Ann), PID GZLQ-4GR, https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLQ-4GR Has linked children, William Mead Cline, Milo Cline, Hannah M. Cline; links census 1850, 1860, 1870. *Found no obituary here (...only goes to 1850) ... https://sites.rootsweb.com/~ohhuron/norwlkohdeathnotices.pdf *Norwalk Public Library; 46 W Main St; Norwalk, OH 44857; 419-668-6063 *https://www.norwalk.lib.oh.us/ *https://www.norwalk.lib.oh.us/genealogy *https://www.familysearch.org/en/wiki/Huron_County,_Ohio_Genealogy *The Experiment and Norwalk Experiment newspapers, Norwalk, Ohio - 20 Aug 1835 - 31 Dec 1850 *https://www.ohiohistory.org/about-us/ *https://ohiomemory.ohiohistory.org/newspapers *https://ohiomemory.ohiohistory.org/newspapers *http://www.hcc-ogs.org/uploads/5/9/9/2/59927383/huron_laible_and_brady_funeral_home_1910_to_1913.pdf ===Margaret ''Cline'' McLaughlin=== *[[Cline-7108|Margaret (Cline) McLaughlin (abt.1818-1889)]] *https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9SND-XVS *Memorial 9418958; https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/9418958/margaret-mclaughlin *Husband's biographical obituary transcribed onto his FindAGrave memorial 9418950, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/9418950/john-mclaughlin, cites West Unity Chief May 11, 1887. *Sketch of John McLaughlin at Fulton County OGS, https://www.fultoncoogs.org/histories-and-obits/mclaughlin%2C-john ; https://www.fultoncoogs.org/ … housed at … Evergreen Community Library, 253 Maple Street, Metamora, Ohio. The filmed records include newspapers for towns in the county through 1910; birth and death records beginning in 1867; marriage records from 1864 (although the county was formed in 1850, a fire in July 1864 destroyed many early records). *John McLaughlin as pioneer settler in Lewis Cass Aldrich, ed., ''History of Henry and Fulton counties, Ohio ...'' ( Syracuse, N.Y. : D. Mason & Co., 1888), 481-482; digital images, [https://archive.org/details/historyofhenryfu00aldr/page/n518/mode/1up ''InternetArchive'']. *Williams County, Ohio; obituaries available; https://obits.mywcpl.org/?_ga=2.5290484.651885038.1494440680-572734973.1415027863-- **(requested) Daniel McLaughlin; Obituary date: 1907-10-18; Obituary source: BRYDEM, Page: 3, Column: **(requested) John C. McLaughlin, Obituary date: 1929-05-30, Obituary source: TRISTA, Page: 1;8, Column: 6;3 **(requested) Francis Marion McLaughlin, Obituary date: 1929-10-17, Obituary source: TRISTA, Page: 1, Column: 3 ===Elizabeth ''Cline'' Packard=== *Family search reports her husband was son of [[Packard-437|Josiah Bruce Packard Jr. (1791-1848)]] ===Jeremiah Cline=== *Jeremiah Cline, died probably Williams County, Ohio, 1 June 1883, age 59 years, 1 month, 3 days, buried Floral Grove Cemetery, West Unity, Williams County. Jeremiah Cline, memorial 89396896 and gravestone image; web content, [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/89396896/jeremiah-cline ''FindAGrave''], maintained by Kay Beucler; gravestone images by PLS. (Thus born about 1824.) *Matilda Cline, memorial 89396915 and gravestone images; web content, [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/89396915/matilda-cline ''FindAGrave''], maintained by Kay Beucler; gravestone images by PLS. *J. Cline and Matilda Eyer 1852 marriage, "Ohio, County Marriages, 1789-2016", database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XZTL-XFS : 29 September 2021), J. Cline and Matilda Eyer, 1852. *Parthania Reynolds 1930 death certificate, no. [C]111, Death certificates (Washington (State), 1907-1960; digital image, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-DHZ7-W5F?i=1895 ''FamilySearch''], FSL film 2022717, digital collection (DGS) 4218407 (Death Certificates Chelan County-King County 1930), image 1896 of 2440; died at home in Montesano, Grays Harbor, 9 August 1930; born in West Unity, Ohio, 31 May 1853; she is widow of Dr. Francis A.Reynolds; her father Jeremiah Cline (born Pennsylvania), mother, Matilda Eyer (born Ohio)p; informant is Mrs. J. L. Phillips, Montesano. *Jeremiah Cline in 1870 U.S. Census, "United States Census, 1870", database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M6G3-TXZ : 29 May 2021), Jeremiah Cline, 1870. Has wife Matilda and apparent dependent/child, Pathania Cline; also in home is George Rings, age 36, born PA. *Jerry Cline, 1883 obituary in Williams County Obituary Index (https://obits.mywcpl.org/?id=14945), reports obituary as 1883-06-07 in BRYDEM. Reads, "Jerry Cline, merchant , and one of the best known men at West Unity, died Friday of apoplexy. The funeral services took place on Sunday." *Jeremiah Cline in FamilySearch FamilyTree, :::Jeremiah Cline (c1830-deceased), PID LB85-675, https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB85-675 :::I. Cline (deceased), PID LWP3-MP8, https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LWP3-MP8 :::I. Cline (deceased), PID 9SRN-RCT, https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9SRN-RCT *Williams County census outline, http://www.ohiogenealogyexpress.com/williams/williamsco_census_index.htm *1860 Census, West Unity in Brady Township begins https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33SQ-GBSD-9DN5?wc=7QCB-VBP%3A1589432777%2C1589434348%2C1589434471&cc=1473181 *Found. Jeremiah Cline, 1860 census, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33SQ-GBSD-9D4K?i=12&wc=7QCB-VBP%3A1589432777%2C1589434348%2C1589434471&cc=1473181 *1850 Census, Brady Township ... https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-DHP3-FMH?wc=95R9-VZ2%3A1031310001%2C1031310002%2C1031310003&cc=1401638 **There is a Jacob Cline at image 5 of 27, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-DHP3-X5D?i=4&wc=95R9-VZ2%3A1031310001%2C1031310002%2C1031310003&cc=1401638 **There is a George Rings age 16 at image 6 of 27 https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-DHP3-FSG?i=5&wc=95R9-VZ2%3A1031310001%2C1031310002%2C1031310003&cc=1401638 **There is a Hannah Cline, ae 21, with ch. Sarah 6 and James 5 at image 8 of 27, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-DHP3-F9P?i=7&wc=95R9-VZ2%3A1031310001%2C1031310002%2C1031310003&cc=1401638 **John and Rebecca Miller are at 27 of 27; Samuel Miller is at 22 of 27, but did not find Jeremiah Cline. (Prolly should check Fulton County,) ==Research Notes== [[Space:George_Cline_1856_Administration|George Cline 1856 Administration]]
[[Space:Sarah_Cline_1860_Administration|Sarah Cline 1860 Administration]]
[[Space:Alfred_and_Sarah_Cline_Guardianship|Alfred and Sarah Cline Guardianship]]
[[Space:Select_Cline_News|Select Cline News]] '''George Cline's Missing Probate Case File.''' The probate case file (1487) is missing. See [Richland County, Ohio] Probate Case Files. 1813-1935; catalog entry, [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/2778602?availability=Family%20History%20Library ''FamilySearch'']. :George Cline/1856/#1487 - '''No paperwork found'''. See [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS6Z-4SCQ-W?i=2075&cat=2778602 ''FamilySearch''], DGS 102863837, image 2076 of 6144. '''Sarah Cline Probate.''' This file identifies the names of her heirs--one surname Foulks and six, Cline. See (a) [Richland County, Ohio] Administration records 1860-1865, 18:386-388 (#64/Sarah Cline); digital images, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G9QP-X6BR?i=228&cc=1992421&cat=256298 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 960106, Digital Collections (DGS) 5874761, images 229-230 of 714, for 1st partial settlement filed 14 October 1861, and (b) [Richland County, Ohio] Administration records 1860-1865, 19:43-44 (#106/Sarah Cline); digital images, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9QP-XNFL?i=410&cc=1992421&cat=256298 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 960106, Digital Collections (DGS) 5874761, images 411-412 of 714, for final settlement. '''News items re Partitions.''' The 1857 and 1860 news items (see [[Space:Select_Cline_News|Select Cline News]]) provide for the names of some of the heirs from his first marriage, but these have yet to be reconciled. They do not list the same named heirs/interested parties: :Filing of 16 January 1857 (1857 article) names the widow and thirteen (13) apparent heirs, *''Sarah Cline, widow'' of George Cline, dec'd *''William Cline'' *''Margaret McLaughin'' [''sic''], John McLaughlin *''Elizabeth Packard'', Almonza Packark [''sic''] *''Jeremiah Cline'' *''Mary Anne ______'', "formerly Mary Anne Cline who is intermarried with a person whose name is to the petitioner unknown." *''William Cline'' [again] *''Jacob Cline'' *''Catherine Ropp'', Eli Ropp *''Diannah Hollibaugh'', John Hollibaugh *''Daviel'' [''sic''] ''Cline'' *''Alfred Cline'' *''Sarah Ann Cline'' * ''David Cline'' [petitioner] :Filing of 15 August 1860 (1860 article) names twelve (12) apparent heirs--seems missing Catharine and Eli Ropp--has John Cline, but no Jacob; has Levi Bricker, but no Mary Anne Cline, *''Daniel Cline'' [petitioner] *''David Cline'' [of Richland County] *''Alfred Cline'' [of Richland County] *''Sarah Cline'' [of Richland County] *''Diana Holibaugh'' [wife of John Holibaugh] [of Richland County] *''Levi Bricker'' [of Richland County] *''Jeremiah Cline'' [of Williams County] *''Margaret McLaughlin'' [wife of John McLaughlin] [of Williams County] *''William Cline'' an infant [by guardian David Brownell] [of Williams County] *''John Cline'' [of Huron County] *''William Cline'' [of Sacramento city, California] *''Elizabeth Packer'' [''sic''] [wife of Almonza Packer] [of the State of Iowa] '''Which William Cline by 26 October 1860 had left George's children as heirs?''' As below, Sarah's minor heirs, Alfred and Sarah Cline, received a distribution from the estate of a William Cline. '''IF we can identify the source of that distribution, it may well list the names of George's other children.''' *[Richland County, Ohio] Guardians' record, 1 (1852-1863):635-636 (#644/'''Sarah Cline'''); digital images, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G9QG-BGXF?i=331&cc=1992421&cat=189731 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 960122, Digital Collection (DGS) 5874774, images 332-333 of 763, for account of William Foulks, guardian of Sarah Cline, minor, 29 November 1863." First Partial Settlement of William Foulks, guardian of Sarah Cline, minor heir of '''George Cline'''." Eight debits--other than distributions from estate of Sarah Cline, these include, (a) Funds rec'd 27 September 1860 from D. Light, Admr of G. Cline (1/2 of 11.25); (b) Funds rec'd 26 October 1860, of "'''W Clines estate'''" (1/2 of 13.00); (c) Rec'd of B. Burns, 1st payment of land (1/2 of 151.75). *[Richland County, Ohio] Guardians' record, 1 (1852-1863):634-635 (#645/'''Albert Cline'''); digital images, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G9QG-BGXF?i=331&cc=1992421&cat=189731 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 960122, Digital Collection (DGS) 5874774, images 332 of 763, for account of William Foulks, guardian of Albert Cline, minor, 29 November 1863. First Partial Settlement of William Foulks, guardian of Albert Cline, minor heir of '''George Cline'''." Eight debits--other than distributions from estate of Sarah Cline, these include, (a) Funds rec'd 27 September 1860 from D. Light, Admr of G. Cline (1/2 of 11.25); (b) Funds rec'd 26 October 1860, of "'''Wm Clines estate'''" (1/2 of 13.00); (c) Rec'd of B. Burns, 1st payment of Real Estate (1/2 of 151.75). '''Miscellaneous Queries.''' @GenForum, see [https://www.genealogy.com/forum/surnames/topics/cline/3841/ Joseph Cline Richland County, Ohio], [https://www.genealogy.com/forum/surnames/topics/cline/3680/ William A. Cline, left richland Ohio circa 1853-54]. (Stopped reviewing at p. 27]. [https://members.tripod.com/anne_whiteman/thewhitemankirkfamilyhistory/id11.html Early John Cline family] See also: *https://www.genealogy.com/forum/surnames/topics/kline/ *https://www.genealogy.com/forum/surnames/topics/cline/ *https://www.genealogy.com/forum/surnames/topics/mclaughlin/ *https://www.genealogy.com/forum/surnames/topics/packard/ == Sources == :See also-- *1830 U.S. census, Richland County, Ohio, population schedule, p. 41 (stamped) [has (40) noted], line 14, George Cline, NARA microfilm publication M19, roll 139; digital image [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-DTD8-GY?i=89&cat=119992 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 337950, Digital Collection (DGS) 4411251, image 90 of 668; eleven in household. *1840 U.S. census, Richland County, Ohio, Bloominggrove Township, population schedule, p. 116 (stamped), line 28, George Cline, NARA microfilm publication M704, roll [423]; digital image, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33S7-9YTB-JXC?i=237&cc=1786457&cat=120333 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 20175, Digital Collection (DGS) 5154859, image 238 of 926; ten in household; Henry Miller at line 19; David Light at line 24. *1850 U.S. Census, Richland County, Ohio, Bloominggrove Township, page 172 stamped), sheet 343 (penned at upper right), dwelling 236, family 236, George Cline household as of 19 Sept 1850, National Archives micropublication M432, roll 724; digital images [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-696Q-FQF?i=161&cc=1401638&cat=121180 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 444717, Digital Collection (DGS) 4204503, image 162 of 770. *[Richland County, Ohio] Marriages for indices, volume 1-2 (1824-1854/typed), 3 (1858-1868); v 1-2, C indices begins at [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9392-S57F-9G?i=11&cc=1614804&cat=198124 ''FamilySearch'']; v 3 C index begins at [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9392-S57X-97?i=151&cc=1614804&cat=198124 ''FamilySearch]. *"Notice in Partition" (Cline news item), ''The (Richland County, Ohio) Shield and Banner'', Wednesday, January 21, 1857, page 2, column 7; digital images via search and download, [https://mrcpl.advantage-preservation.com/ ''Community History Archive''], courtesy of ''Mansfield/Richland County Public Library'', held by GeneJ as "Richland Shield and Banner, Page2, 1857-01-21_ann.pdf." *"Petition in Partition" (Cline news item), ''The (Richland County, Ohio) Shield and Banner'', Wednesday, August 15, 1860, page 2, column 7; digital images via search and download, [https://mrcpl.advantage-preservation.com/ ''Community History Archive''], courtesy of ''Mansfield/Richland County Public Library'', held by GeneJ as "Richland Shield and Banner, Page2, 1860-08-15-ann.pdf."

[[Cline-6411|George Cline (abt.1796-abt.1856)]]
[[Space:George_Cline_1856_Administration|George Cline 1856 Administration]]
[[Space:Select_Cline_News|Select Cline News]]
[[Space:George_Cline_and_his_thirteen_heirs_at_1856|George Cline and his thirteen heirs at 1856]] ----- ==Census== 1830 U.S. census, Richland County, Ohio, population schedule, p. 41 (stamped) [has (40) noted], line 14, George Cline, NARA microfilm publication M19, roll 139; digital image [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-DTD8-GY?i=89&cat=119992 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 337950, Digital Collection (DGS) 4411251, image 90 of 668; eleven in household. https://www.archives.gov/research/census/1830 :Males under 5 years of age-2 :Males of 5 and under 10 years of age-1 :Males of 10 and under 15 years of age-2 :Males of 15 and under 20 years of age-1 :Males of 20 and under 30 years of age-0 :Males of 30 and under 40 years of age-1 (George) :Females under 5 years of age-1 :Females of 5 and under 10 years of age-1 :Females of 10 and under 15 years of age-1 :Females of 15 and under 20 years of age-0 :Females of 20 and under 30 years of age-1 (~Sarah) 1840 U.S. census, Richland County, Ohio, Bloominggrove Township, population schedule, p. 116 (stamped), line 28, George Cline, NARA microfilm publication M704, roll [423]; digital image, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33S7-9YTB-JXC?i=237&cc=1786457&cat=120333 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 20175, Digital Collection (DGS) 5154859, image 238 of 926; ten in household; Henry Miller at line 19; David Light at line 24. https://www.archives.gov/research/census/1840 :Males under 5 years of age-2 :Males of 5 and under 10 years of age-2 :Males of 10 and under 15 years of age-1 :Males of 15 and under 20 years of age-1 :Males of 40 and under 50 years of age-1 (George) :Females under 5 years of age-1 :Females of 5 and under 10 years of age-1 :Females of 30 and under 40 years of age-1 (~Sarah) 1850 U.S. Census, Richland County, Ohio, Bloominggrove Township, page 172 stamped), sheet 343 (penned at upper right), dwelling 236, family 236, George Cline household as of 19 Sept 1850, National Archives micropublication M432, roll 724; digital images [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-696Q-FQF?i=161&cc=1401638&cat=121180 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 444717, Digital Collection (DGS) 4204503, image 162 of 770.
:Cline, George ae 54, M, occ: farmer, RE 4000, b. PA
:" Sarah, ae 42, F, b. OH
:" David, ae 18, M, occ: farmer, b. OH, attends school
:" Dianah, ae 15, F, b. OH
:" Daniel, ae 13, M, b. OH, attends school
:" Alfred, ae 6, M, b. OH, attends school
:" Sarah, ae 3, F, b. OH
==Tax Records== George Cline, 1828 tax assessment, Bloominggrove Township, Richland County, Ohio; [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:7X9J-1S6Z ''FamilySearch''].
George Cline, 1831 tax assessment, Bloominggrove Township, Richland County, Ohio; [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:76NW-SV3Z ''FamilySearch''].
[Many others] Catalog entry for Richland County Tax Assessments, 1816-1838; [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/374775?availability=Family%20History%20Library ''FamilySearch'']. ==Marriage Licenses (1830-1850)== Notes on the catalog entry suggest marriage records between 1826 and 1846 are missing. See [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/253087?availability=Family%20History%20Library ''FamilySearch'']. Groom Index-- :12 March 1836, Adam Cline and Sarah Gamaker [3:99], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-GSC6-7?i=46&cat=253087 ''FamilySeaarch'']. :4 May 1847, Adam Cline and Charlotte Bolles [5^2:103], see see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-GSC6-7?i=46&cat=253087 ''FamilySeaarch'']. :10 July 1845, Eli Cline and Mary A. Gries [4^1:296/331], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-GSCP-4?i=49&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch''] :31 January 1839, Isaac Cline and Elizabeth Crosby [3:233], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-GSC5-V?i=54&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch'']. :31 August 1837, Jacob Cline, Nancy Sherley, [3:__], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-GSC5-V?i=54&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch'']. :8 January 1845, Joseph Cline and Amey Courtwright [4:226], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-GSCL-5?i=55&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch'']. :17 January 1847, John Cline and Elizabeth Lippy [5:45], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-GSCL-5?i=55&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch'']. :26 December 1844, Joseph Cline to Amy Courtwright [1:252], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-GSC8-L?i=56&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch'']. :11 April 1846, Jacob Cline and Sarah Weagley [1:443], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-GSC8-L?i=56&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch'']. :29 December 1842, Lewis Cline and Harriet Maxwell [4:132], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-GSCV-D?i=59&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch'']. :16 April 1840, Michael Clilne and Matilda Murphy [3:303], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-GSCJ-C?i=60&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch'']. :22 August 1850, Michael Cline and Barbara Orwiler [5:208], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-GSCJ-C?i=60&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch'']. :13 October 1836, Samuel Cline and Sarah Stewart [3:116], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-GSCG-P?i=63&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch'']. :14 October 1844, Samuel Cline and Mary J. Bruck [4:243], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-GSCG-P?i=63&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch'']. :23 September 1847, Simon Cline and Serepta Tooker [5:70], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-GSCG-P?i=63&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch'']. :13 April 1848, Venando Cline and Mary J. Rau [5:102], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-GSCT-T?i=64&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch'']. :26 February 1839, William Cline and Lovena Roush [3:252], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-GSCN-8?i=65&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch'']. :12 March 1845, William Cline and Hannah L. Miller [4:263], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-GSCN-8?i=65&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch'']. Bride Index-- :__ June 1835, Elizabeth Cline and William Paul [3:2] :22 January 1841, Elizabeth Cline and Ely Taylor [4:24} :24 December 1844, Nancy Cline and Leget Leppert [4:244] see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-LS7Z-N?i=55&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch''] :1 November 1846, Mary Cline and James W. Terueam? [5:33], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-LS7Z-N?i=55&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch''] :8 November 1849, Matilda Cline and Josiah Jessip [5:171], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-LS7Z-N?i=55&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch''] :18 December 1844, Nancy Cline and Liggatt Topings [1:246], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-LS7N-T?i=56&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch''] :12 December 1848, Katherine Cline and Elias Ropp [5:131], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-LS78-V?i=57&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch'']. :7 July 1835, Margaret Cline and Jonas A. Gierhart [3:66], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-LS7Z-4?i=58&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch'']. :23 August 1838, Margaret Cline and George Clay [3:220], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-LS7H-T?i=59&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch'']. :4 July 1839, Nancy Cline and James Haston [3:265], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-LS7H-T?i=59&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch'']. :22 September 1842, Matilda Cline and William Brant, see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-LS7H-T?i=59&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch'']. :8 June 1848, Rachel Cline and John Eller [5:104], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-LS7D-F?i=60&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch'']. :29 November 1849, Rebecca J. Cline and _____ Grambell [5:118], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-LS7D-F?i=60&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch'']. :24 November 1849, Rebecca J. Cline and Hugh Gamble [2:220], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-LS7D-F?i=60&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch'']. :19 November 1844, Sarah Cline and Milton Lewis [4:239], see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B8-LS7Z-2?i=61&cat=253087 ''FamilySearch'']. ==Deed Research== Richland County, Ohio, Deed Books and Deed Index; catalog entry, [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/335345?availability=Family%20History%20Library ''FamilySearch'']. *Grantee Index, 1 (1/A-Z), 1814-1855 (C/96-__); digital images, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS4T-L93V-C?i=60&cat=335345 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 388652, Digital Collection (DGS) 7901033, image 61-____ of 438 (G given names begin at image 69, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS4T-L93W-9?i=68&cat=335345 ''FamilySearch'']).. *Grantee Index, 2 (A-Z), 1856-1876 (C/96-__); digital images, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS4H-TQ8X-3?i=157&cat=335345 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 386074, Digital Images (DGS) 7894583, image 158-____ of 470 (G given names begin [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS4H-TQ8X-2?i=165&cat=335345 ''FamilySearch'']). *Grantor Index 1 (1/A-L), 1814-1855, for C surnames; digital images, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS4T-MS6W-P?i=51&cat=335345 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 386080, Digital Collection (DGS) 7901024, image 52 of 207 (G given names begin at image 59, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS4T-MS6W-Q?i=58&cat=335345 ''FamilySearch'']). *Grantor Index 2 (A-Z), 1855-1876; [ ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 388653, Digital Collection (DGS) 7901034, image _____ or _____. *What is Alfred Foulks to G W and G F Cline, 24:392, 1842/1842 @ Rome. *Jesse Critchfield to G. W. & G. F. Cline, 29:46, 1844/1845, SW 28 23 18, 303/4, *George Altdoeffer to G. W. & G. F. Cline, 29:47, 1844/1845, Shenandoah, 4. *Geo __ Cline to George W. Cline, 30:216, 1845/1845, Rome, 9, pt. 10. ==Research Notes== '''1830 Census Notes.''' Based on the birth of their daughter Catherine [1850 census], George and Sarah were married by 1830, and there are eleven (11) in the home, including 9 children. Of these, one of the males under 5 could be Sarah's son, Peter M. Foulks, and the female under 5 could be Sarah and George's daughter Catherine. That would leave seven (7) of the children in the 1830 home (five males and 2 females) possibly/probably born to George by an earlier marriage. '''Thirteen heirs.''' The heirs would include the six (6) children born to George and Sarah, and probably seven (7) of the nine (9) children in the residence at the time of the 1830 census. Those other seven (7) children are likely then five (5) sons and two (2) daughters. '''Other.''' Some Richland County cemetery inscriptions (not Rome). See [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS4F-XQXV-P?i=536&cc=2579610 ''FamilySearch''], Digital Collection (DGS) 007897020, for Richland cemeteries in table of contents. See the [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/181387?availability=Family%20History%20Library Catalog] entry. One George F. Cline married Richland County, Ohio, 6 October 1859, one Miss Eliza Miller, see [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-DZHQ-1ND?i=151&cc=1614804&personaUrl=%2Fark%3A%2F61903%2F1%3A1%3AZZP5-VLPZ ''FamilySearch'']. '''Cemetery Records.''' FHL Catalog entry is [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/results?count=20&query=%2Bsubject_id%3A406385 here]. Several volumes of the LDS published records are available online; only one (vol. 4) is available on ''FamilySearch'' Books. See [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/94273?availability=Family%20History%20Library ''FamilySearch'']. Those published by OGS seem on film, but not digitized. DAR records on the cemeteries have been digitized as FHL film 859783 (item 7), Digital Collection (DGS) 7815130. '''Death Vital Statistics.''' No record of George or Sarah's deaths were located [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSSS-B9YS-T?i=810&cat=239463 here], "Death records of Richland Co., Ohio, 1856-1857, 1862, 1867-1869." == Sources ==

I believe I am a direct relative of the George Clymer that signed the Declaration of Independence...

==George Crawford's Last Will and Testament== [[Crawford-17526|George Crawford's]] Last Will was signed 5 December 1823 in Augusta County, Virginia and proved by the oaths of John Hanger and [[Crawford-23711|Elizabeth Robertson]] at the September 1824 Augusta County Court session.Last Will and Testament of George Crawford, Augusta County, Virginia Will Book No. 14, 1822 - 1824; FamilySearch database [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9P7-S93G-3?i=521 Image 522] accessed 4 September 2022. :I George Crawford of the County of Augusta and State of Virginia do make and ordain this to be my Last Will and Testament in the manner and form following to wit :First to my beloved wife [[Winter-5032|Nancy Crawford]] I give Independent of her right of dower all my household and kitchen furniture three negroes that she may choose out of the stock that may be on hand at my Decease one horse saddle & bridle as many cows hogs & sheep as she may think necessary for her own use with a sufficiency of hay and all kinds of grain to support her family and her stock for one year after my Decease also two hundred dollars in money the first year after my Decease. These thing I give her during her life time of widowhood and afterwards to be equally divided amongst my children. :Second to all my married Daughters I give an equal proportion of my Estate having given to each of my daughters at the time of their marriage an equal of amount of property Except my daughter [[Crawford-22811|Jane McCue]] to whom I give a negro boy of twelve years of age of the value of one at that age :Third to my daughter [[Crawford-22812|Margaret Crawford]] I give three negroes that she may choose out of the stock of negroes that may be on hand at my Decease provided that they Do not exceed in value the three that I have given to each of my daughters at the time of their marriage as many beds household and kitchen furniture horse saddle and bridle Cows Sheep & _ as the rest of my daughters received at their marriage and afterwards an equal Division of my Estate with the rest of my children :Lastly I do hereby constitute and appoint my two sons in law [[Miller-46337|Henry Miller]] & Peter Hanger Executors of this my last will and testament hereby revoking all other and former Wills or testaments by me heretofore made in witness whereof I have here unto set my hand and seal this 5th day of Dec 1823. ::::::George Crawford (Seal) ::Witnesses: ::John Hanger ::James Crawford ::Elizabeth (her mark) Robertson ---- :In the County Court of Augusta September 1824 This last Will and Testament of George Crawford dec'd was presented in Court and being proved by the oaths of John Hanger and Elizabeth Robertson two of the witnesses thereto ordered to be recorded and on the motions of Henry Miller and Peter Hanger from the Executors therein named certificate is granted them for obtaining from about thereof in due form they having taken the oath required by law and together with Peter Hanger Senr John McCue and John Miller their securities entered into and acknowledged land in the penalty of $10.000 dollars Conditioned as the law required which bond is ordered to be recorded. ::::::Teste ::::::C. Stribbling CAC ==From Chalkey's Chronicles== Apparently George did not specifically bequeath his vast properties to anyone in his Last Will. Because of that, his six living daughters and their spouses filed suits. From Chronicles of the Scotch-Irish Settlement in Virginia, Volume I Chalkley, Lyman. Chronicles of the Scotch-Irish Settlement in Virginia, Volume I, Extracted from the Original Court Records of Augusta County 1745 - 1800. Rosslyn, VA: Commonwealth Printing Co., 1912 [https://archive.org/details/chroniclesscotc00lockgoog/page/427/mode/1up Page 427]; [https://archive.org/details/chroniclesscotc00lockgoog/page/537/mode/1up Page 537].: :Page 427 - Augusta County Court, Virginia Chancery Decrees Decided, 1823, 1824, 1825 (I to N). :Henry Miller and Hannah, late Hannah Crawford, Peter Hanger, Jr., and Patsey, late Crawford, vs. James Bourland, et al. — Daughters of George Crawford. George died intestate, leaving six children, viz, the two female plaintiffs, Polly Bourland, who married James Bourland; Nancy Miller, late Nancy Crawford, who married John Miller; Jane McCue, who married Franklin McCue, Peggy Crawford, minor. Bill for petition. Report of Commissioners filed, 25th December, 1824. :Page 537 - Augusta County, Court Virginia, 1823 , 1824, 1825 :File No. 927. — Miller vs. Bourland. — Henry Miller and wife Hannah, late Crawford, Peter Hanger, Jr., and Patsey, his wife, late Crawford, complain that George Crawford owned valuable land on Middle River. Crawford died testate, leaving six children, viz: female plaintiffs, Nancy, wife of John Miller; Jane, wife of Franklin McCue; and Peggy Crawford, a minor. ==Research Notes== *Witnesses in Last Will: The three witnesses listed in his Last Will were related to him as follows: ::John Hanger, possible brother of son-in-law [[Hanger-609|Peter Hanger]] ::[[Bourland-376|James Crawford]] (son-in-law), husband of George's daughter Mary "Polly" Crawford ::[[Crawford-23711|Elizabeth Robertston]], George's sister *Children: George married Nancy Winters and they had eight daughters: :#Nancy Crawford married John Miller :#Hannah Crawford married Henry Miller (Henry was executor of George's Will) :#Sarah "Sally Crawford married James Bell (as his second wife) :#Jane Crawford married Franklin McCue, identified as Jane McCue in her father's Last Will :#[[Crawford-22808|Martha "Patsy" Crawford]] married [[Hanger-609|Peter Hanger]] (Peter was executor of George's Will) :#Mary "Polly" Crawford married James Bourland :#Elizabeth Crawford, never married. She was not specifically listed by name in her father's Last Will. :#Margaret Crawford - Was listed as an unmarried daughter Margaret in her father's Last Will. She later married James Walker. ==Sources==

The following is a catalogue of his architectural works throughout his career, spanning the years 1767-1815, in London and elsewhere in England (United Kingdom).

These are links to baptism registry entries for the George Dutch Reformed Church in South Africa from 1813 to 1900, kept on FamilySearch. For similar pages of other Parishes see [[Space:South_African_Quick_Links|South African Quick Links]] [https://www.familysearch.org/search/film/004182671?i=3&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 '''1813-1827''' (xxx)] - Original Registers
[https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-68B9-XD8?i=3&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 1813] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-68B9-XCK?i=11&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 1814] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-68B9-XFF?i=25&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 1815] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-68B9-X62?i=43&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 1816] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-68B9-X84?i=50&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 1817] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-68B9-XHY?i=59&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 1818] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-68B9-XX8?i=65&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 1819] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-68B9-XF6?i=75&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 1820] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-68B9-XCN?i=87&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 1821] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-68B9-XZM?i=100&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 1822] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-68B9-XF1?i=109&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 1823] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-68B9-XNK?i=126&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 1824] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-68B9-XHN?i=132&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 1825] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-68B9-XXC?i=140&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 1826] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-68B9-XFV?i=149&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 1827] 1825-1855 (xxx) - Not online yet, but see [https://southafrica.mypeoplepuzzle.net/NGK_Cape_RingBooks.html#Ring_Book_George the Ring Boeke] for years '''1843-1920''' [https://www.familysearch.org/search/film/004182664?i=3&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 '''1855-1857 Index'''] ''(on father's name):'' [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-6XR9-PWN?i=3&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 A], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-6XR9-PWN?i=3&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 B], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-6XR9-PQ2?i=4&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 C], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-6XR9-PQ2?i=4&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 D], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-6XR9-PW3?i=5&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 E], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-6XR9-PW3?i=5&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 F], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-6XR9-P4Q?i=6&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 G], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-6XR9-P4Q?i=6&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 H], ], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-6XR9-PQ5?i=7&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 J], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-6XR9-PQ5?i=7&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 K], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-6XR9-P7S?i=8&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 L], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-6XR9-P7S?i=8&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 M], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-6XR9-P7D?i=9&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 N], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-6XR9-P7D?i=9&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 O], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-6XR9-P7D?i=9&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 P], Q, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-6XR9-PQK?i=10&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 R], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-6XR9-PWT?i=11&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 S], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-6XR9-PWS?i=12&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 T], U, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-6XR9-PW4?i=13&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 V], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-6XR9-PW4?i=13&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 W], X, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-6XR9-P4H?i=14&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 Y], Z
[https://www.familysearch.org/search/film/004182664?i=15&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 '''1855-1857''' (xxx part 1)] - Original Registers: p.1 [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-6XR9-PQP?i=15&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 '''1855'''] p.37 [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-6XR9-P4M?i=33&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 '''1856'''] p.99 [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-6XR9-PWM?i=64&cc=1392488&cat=2357489 '''1857'''] 1855-1857 (xxx) - Original Registers Part 2 not online yet. Film 008017956
1858-1883 (xxx) - Not online yet. Film 008017956
1884-1900 (xxx) - Not online yet. Film 008017956
but see [https://southafrica.mypeoplepuzzle.net/NGK_Cape_RingBooks.html#Ring_Book_George the Ring Boeke] for years '''1843-1920''' ==Sources== * https://southafrica.mypeoplepuzzle.net/NGK_Cape.html#G9_Baptisms

[[Space:Benjamin Rouse Family b. 1788|Benjamin Rouse Family b. 1788]]
1900, 1910 Census details can be found here:[[Space:William Rouse Census Records|William Rouse Census Records]]Census]] ---- * In 1813 [[Rouse-4448|Harrison Edward Rouse (abt.1913-1914)]] died at the age of 11months. He was a twin of Kenneth George Rouse. In the 1920 census George (age 36), Farm laborer, was the married head of household in Canadice, Ontario, New York. '''1920 Census''': "1920 United States Federal Census", database with images
Year: 1920; Census Place: Canadice, Ontario, New York; Roll: T625_1250; Page: 3A; Enumeration District: 62
{{Ancestry Sharing|13037813|7b22746f6b656e223a2269387545556758384d50484c415369684e4134524b416a4676476a37325666714232666b7647504857434d3d222c22746f6b656e5f76657273696f6e223a225632227d}} - {{Ancestry Record|6061|58563650}} (accessed 21 April 2024)
George E Rouse (36), married, Farm laborer, head of household in Canadice, Ontario, New York. Born in New York. {| border="1" cellpadding="4" width="100%" |+ 1920 United States Federal Census: Canadice, Ontario, New York |- bgcolor=#E1F0B4 | Name || Sex || Race || Age || Status || Relation || Occupation || Birth Place |- | [[Rouse-3621|George Edward Rouse (1887-1941)]] || '''M''' || '''White''' || '''36''' || '''Married''' || '''Head''' || '''Farm laborer''' || '''New York''' |- | [[Freeman-21043|Ethel May (Freeman) Rouse (1893-1947)]]|| F || White || 24 || Married || Wife || || New York |- | [[Rouse-4449|Kenneth George Rouse (1913-1950)]] || M || White || 7 || Single || Son || || New York |- | [[Rouse-4456|Marie Elizabeth (Rouse) Wilson (1915-2004)]] || F || White || 4 || Single || Daughter || || New York |- | [[Rouse-4451|William Rouse (1920-1952)]] (Willie)|| M || White || 0 || Single || Son || || New York |} ---- In the 1925 census George (age 39) was the head of household in West Bloomfield, Ontario. '''1925 Census''': "New York, U.S., State Census, 1925", database with images
New York State Archives; Albany, New York; State Population Census Schedules, 1925; Election District: 01; Assembly District: 01; City: West Bloomfield; County: Ontario; Page: 22; Line Number: 11
{{Ancestry Sharing|13038381|7b22746f6b656e223a226e474649387259464c39556743506164366d56346e4651414f576152655a7930664c6b77415039464257673d222c22746f6b656e5f76657273696f6e223a225632227d}} - {{Ancestry Record|2704|18794506}} (accessed 21 April 2024)
George Ruse (39) head of household in West Bloomfield, Ontario. Born in USA. {| border="1" cellpadding="4" width="100%" |+ 1925 Census: West Bloomfield, Ontario |- bgcolor=#E1F0B4 | Name || Age || Relation || Sex || Birth Date || Birth Place |- |[[Rouse-3621|George Edward Rouse (1887-1941)]] || '''39''' || '''Head''' || '''M''' || '''abt 1886''' || '''USA''' |- | [[Freeman-21043|Ethel May (Freeman) Rouse (1893-1947)]]|| 32 || Wife || F || abt 1893 || USA |- | [[Rouse-4449|Kenneth George Rouse (1913-1950)]] || 13 || Son || M || abt 1912 || USA |- | [[Rouse-4456|Marie Elizabeth (Rouse) Wilson (1915-2004)]] || 10 || Daughter || F || abt 1915 || USA |- | [[Rouse-4452|Mildred Mae (Rouse) Vandermolen (abt.1929-2010)]] || 4 || Daughter || F || abt 1921 || USA |- |[[Rouse-4451|William Rouse (1920-1952)]]|| 6 || Son || M || abt 1919 || USA |- |[[Rouse-5483|Russell Richard (Rouse) Moore (1923-1997)]] || 2 || Son || M || abt 1923 || USA |- | [[Rouse-2289|William Rouse (1860-1935)]] || 60 || Father || M || abt 1865 || USA |} * '''Russell was adopted by Joe and Lucy Moore.''' ---- In the 1930 census William (age 67), Farmer, was the widowed father of George Rouse in West Bloomfield, Ontario, New York, United States. '''1930 Census''': "1930 United States Federal Census", database with images
Year: 1930; Census Place: West Bloomfield, Ontario, New York; Page: 5A; Enumeration District: 0058; FHL microfilm: 2341365
{{Ancestry Sharing|12977480|7b22746f6b656e223a2250434e623659555251306766354257534a6c385866356230774663522f486d635130324651596e337364383d222c22746f6b656e5f76657273696f6e223a225632227d}} - {{Ancestry Record|6224|44098409}} (accessed 20 April 2024)
William Rouse (67), widowed father, Farmer, in household of George Rouse (45) in West Bloomfield, Ontario, New York, USA. Born in New York. {| border="1" cellpadding="4" width="100%" |+ 1930 United States Federal Census: West Bloomfield, Ontario, New York, USA |- bgcolor=#E1F0B4 | Name || Sex || Race || Age || Status || Relation || Occupation || Birth Place |- | [[Rouse-3621|George Edward Rouse (1887-1941)]] || M || White || 45 || Married || Head || Farmer || New York |- |[[Freeman-21043|Ethel May (Freeman) Rouse (1893-1947)]]|| F || White || 37 || Married || Wife || || New York |- | [[Rouse-4452|Mildred Mae (Rouse) Vandermolen (abt.1929-2010)]] || F || White || 1 || Single || Daughter || || New York |- | [[Rouse-2289|William Rouse (1860-1935)]] || '''M''' || '''White''' || '''67''' || '''Widowed''' || '''Father''' || '''Farmer''' || '''New York''' |} * '''William died in 1935.''' ---- In the 1940 census George (age 58), Farmer, was the married head of household in West Bloomfield, Ontario, New York. '''1940 Census''': "1940 United States Federal Census", database with images
Year: 1940; Census Place: West Bloomfield, Ontario, New York; Roll: m-t0627-02707; Page: 10A; Enumeration District: 35-68
{{Ancestry Sharing|13037940|7b22746f6b656e223a2279664d47794a61516c41557830616e79646255636c423942664865594257785849624f752f556757596d303d222c22746f6b656e5f76657273696f6e223a225632227d}} - {{Ancestry Record|2442|5497995}} (accessed 21 April 2024)
George Rouse (58), married, Farmer, head of household in West Bloomfield, Ontario, New York. Born in New York. {| border="1" cellpadding="4" width="100%" |+ 1940 United States Federal Census: West Bloomfield, Ontario, New York |- bgcolor=#E1F0B4 | Name || Sex || Race || Age || Status || Relation || Occupation || Birth Place |- | '[[Rouse-3621|George Edward Rouse (1887-1941)]] || '''M''' || '''White''' || '''58''' || '''Married''' || '''Head''' || '''Farmer''' || '''New York''' |- | [[Freeman-21043|Ethel May (Freeman) Rouse (1893-1947)]] || F || White || 49 || Married || Wife || || New York |- | Ernest Booth || M || White || 59 || Widowed || Lodger || Farm Laborer || New York |}

I '''[[Catlett-691|George F. Catlett]]''' of Morganfield Union County Kentucky now in bad health, but in possession of my mental faculties, have thought fit, to make, and do now make my will and dispose of my property as follows towit.
1st I will and desire that I may be buried under the direction of my Executors that all my Just debts, which ???, if any, and small shall be paid.
2nd I will and devise my houses and lots in Morganfield, an which I live [sic] for a home and support of my wife Mary Jane Catlett during her life, and as a home for my children, Elizabeth, George B. Robert P. & Albert L Catlett during their infancy—unless my said wife shall desire the same shall be sold. In which event she shall have such desire entered of record in Union County Court. upon which my Executor shall sell and convey the said houses and lots upon such terms as he shall think fit the interest of this money arising from the sale to be applied to the support of my wife and said four children and for the Education of the children under the direction of my wife.
3rd I will and devise that my Eagle Creek farm and land shall be used for the support of my wife and said four children and for their education, and in case of the sale of the Morganfield residence for a house for my wife during her life, and of the children during their minority—and upon the death of my wife the said Eagle Creek farm shall belong to my heirs at law.
4th I will and devise all my slaves except '''[[Catlett-889|Mary Ann]]''' to the purposes of supporting my wife, and my four children aforesaid, during their minority, and for the education of my said children.
5th I will and devise that my Executors sell the negro girl '''[[Catlett-889|Mary Ann]]''' at such time, and in such manner, and for such Price, as he in his Judgement shall think fit and with money purchase another for the benefit of my wife and children.
6th I will and devise that my Executor shall see my store house & Lot in Morganfield, also my land in McCracken County upon such terms and for such consideration as he shall consider calculated, to advance the interest of my estate, and upon making sale, shall convey the titles to the purchaser and purchasers which titles I do hereby vest in him to be so conveyed the monies arising from said sales to belong to my estate.
7th I will and devise that the Interest of the monies arising from the sale of the McCracken lands, the store house and Lot and of the houses and lots in Morganfield (if my wife should request the sale thereof) and the interest on debts due me shall be applied to the support of my wife during her natural life, and to the support and education of the aforesaid four children during their minority
8th I do hereby appoint Thomas S. Chapman Executor & my wife Mary Jane Catlett Executrix of this my last will and Testament conferring on Chapman the power to sell and convey the lands and negro aforesaid. And after he shall have effected the sales aforesaid I do appoint my said wife then also to become and Executrix giving her in the mean time, the right to direct and control the education of my said Children.
9th I will and devise all my household and kitchen furniture and utensils together with all my stock and farming implements to be used and employed for the support of my wife during life and for the support and education of my children during their minority.
10th If my daughter Elizabeth should marry before my youngest living child shall have arrived of age I give my Executor and Executrix the authority to advance to her a sum not exceeding $1391.97 (the amounts I have advanced to my daughter Minerva Hellyen.
11th When my youngest child shall arrive at the age of twenty one I will and devis that all my estate, real, personal and mixed shall be equally divided among my five children and their descendants then living, first giving each of my youngest the sum of $1391.97 (the amount I have advanced to my daughter Minerva hellyen) The note on A. G. Long charged as advanced to her on my books has been taken back by me and belongs to my estate, and is not to be charged to her she having received from me $1391.97 exclusive of that.
12th If my wife shall be living at the time my youngest living child shall arrive at twenty one a suitable provision must be made for her comfort and support before a division shall be made—and in that provision the whole Eagle creek land and such other property as shall be though equitable shall be assigned to her during her life.
13th I will and desire that after my four children shall shall [sic] have received each $1391.97 the amount advanced to Mrs. Hellyen and my wifes comfortable support provided for that all my estate be divided between my children then living, and their descendents per stinpes [sic]
14th When any of my sons shall arrive at twenty six years of age or my daughter Elizabeth shall have attained that age my Executor may advance to the child so arriving at age the sum of $1391.97 if he shall believe the same can be then spared.
15th It is my will and desire that the education and support of my children is not to be a charge on them or either of them but is to be a charge upon my estate.
In testimony whereof I have herein to set my hand and seal this 18th day of March 1848. '''[[Catlett-691|G. F. Catlett]]'''.
Executed in presence of Sam Casey, Jn T Berry, F. C. Brady

At a county court holden for Union county at the courthouse in Morganfield on the 10th day of April 1848. This Last Will and Testament of '''[[Catlett-691|George F. Catlett]]''' deceased was produced in Court and was proved by the oaths of F. C. Brady a subscribing witness thereto and ordered to be certified And after wards At a County Court holden for the County aforesaid at the Courthouse aforesaid on the 15th day of May 1848. The said Last Will and testament was proven by the oath of Jno T Berry another subscribing witness thereto and was by the court ordered to be recorded. Att James R. Hughes Clk, Union Cty Ct. == Sources == '''1848 George F. Catlett Will.''' Kentucky, Union County, Probate Court, Wills, Vol. D, p. 115-117, 18 March 1848, digital image 62-63 of 462, ''FamilySearch.org'' ([https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33S7-9P31-9897?i=61&cc=1875188&cat=126861]: accessed 24 June 2023)

==Related Profiles== *[[Felt-61|George Felt Sr (1601-1693)]] *[[Wilkinson-1284|Elizabeth (Wilkinson) Felt (abt.1615-aft.1693)]] - wife *[[Phillips-713|John Phillips (1605-1682)]] - land transactions ==Bibiographic Notes== ==='''Savage''' Genealogical Dictionary=== Savage, James. ''[[Space:A Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England|A Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England]]'' (Little, Brown and Company, Boston, 1862) v2, p 150. [https://archive.org/details/genealogicaldic02savarich/page/150/mode/1up Internet Archive] '''FELT , GEORGE''' , Charlestown 1633 , liv . on Malden side , m . Eliz . d . of wid . Prudence Wilkinson ; bef . 1663 had rem . to Casco , where his s . George sett . on lands purch . many yrs . prior by the f . was a thriving man , but after his d . the f . was oppress . by younger men and soon after 1689 , if not earlier , went back to Malden , there d . 1693 , æt . 92. By w . Eliz . wh . was adm . of the ch . 19 Jan. 1640 , had Eliz . George , and Mary , all bapt . 26 foll . and Moses , 20 Dec. 1641. '''GEORGE''' , Falmouth , s . of the preced . m . a d . of Jane , wid . of Arthur Mackworth ( but perhaps by Samuel Andrews , her first h . ) , had George , Samuel , and Jonathan , was k . by the Ind . 23 Sept. 1676 on an isl . in the harbor . Moses , Falmouth 1689 , s . of first George , rem . to Malden , liv . there to great age . Rev. '''Joseph B. Felt''' , the annalist of Salem , is supposed to be of this fam . but he thinks the line cannot be traced . Comp . Hubbard , Ind . Wars , 45 , Frothingham , 82 , and Willis , I. 95 , 148 , 190 . ==='''Pope''' Pioneers of Massachusetts,=== Page 123. [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/loc.ark:/13960/t5q81ng7b?urlappend=%3Bseq=171 HathiTrust]. George Felch; Felt; Comment: mason, Charlestown, 1633, resided at Mystic Side, 1640. He deposed 20 (11) 1654, ae. about 40 years. He removed about 1640 to Casco Bay, settling at Great Cove; was one of the founders of North Yarmouth, District of Maine. He made an agreement with his son George on the day of the latter's marriage, (9) 1662, to pay him œ40. See also deed of Jane, widow of Arthur Mackworth, gent. of Falmouth, conveying to George Felt, husband of her dau. Phillippe, land bounded by that of her dau. Purchas and that of her son James Andrews. [Norf. co. rec. IV, 75.] He removed to Malden, where he petitioned Gov. Andros in 1688 for confirmation of title to land at Casco which he bought about 1670. Giving his age as about 87 years. The town aided him and his wife, 1681-1692. Wife Elizabeth, dau. of widow Prudence Wilkinson; adm. chh. Char. 19 (11) 1639. Ch. Elizabeth, (m. (9) 1655, William Leraby,) George, Mary, these three bapt. 26 (11) 1639; Mary, (m. (2) 1660, James Nichols,) Moyses, bapt. 20 (10) 1640. He d. in 1693; the widow d. in 1694. Genealogy. The son Moses, of Rumney Marsh, Boston, deposed at Salem July 6, 1722, that he lived at Casco Bay in the Province of Maine about 1658, and knew Nicholas Cole, and John Puddington who dwelt in houses of their own building at a place called Merrechancake Neck ... until driven away by the Indian enemy, said land being at Casco Bay. [Es. De. 39, 148.] ==='''Torrey''' New England Marriages Prior to 1700.=== [[Space:Sources-Torrey|Sources-Torrey]] FELT, George (-1693, ae 92) & Elizabeth [?WILKINSON], dau wid Prudence; ca 1633?, bef 1639; Charlestown *Bridges Anc. 36; *Charlestown 342, 1031; *Felt 9, 19; *Felt Anc. 2; *Chickering Anc. (Chart) 23; *Reg. 85:98; https://www.americanancestors.org/DB522/i/14316/98/0 *Shurtleff 1:186; https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066307943 *Austin's Dict. 228; [https://archive.org/details/genealogicaldict00aust/page/n473/mode/2up Internet Archive] - no reference found. *GDMNH [https://archive.org/details/genealogicaldict0000noye/page/228/mode/2up 228], [https://archive.org/details/genealogicaldict0000noye/page/754/mode/2up 754] - Notes the possible origin, baptism. ===''Anderson''' Great Migration Begins === [[Space:Sources-GMB|Sources used in the Great Migration series]] Citing: *ChTR (12, 14, 19, 20, 27, 32, 37, 42 (Land records) Inhabitant: 9, 10, 15, signed establishment of selectmen *ChBOP (58, 103, 104 (mentions mother in law) *MLR 3:154-5 (of Casco, Mason and wife) *YLR (3:76, 12:316-7 Grant to sons George and Moses) *Doc Hist ME 6: 336-7 (petition to Gov Andros re land in Caso Bay "Great Cove") *Pope *GDMNH citing Doc. Hist vi 336, YD, xii 316. Lists [https://archive.org/details/genealogicaldict0000noye/page/21/mode/1up 214] (Account of North Yarmouth, inhabitants before 1688), 34 Land Warrants under Andros 1687-1788. See: Col Soc of Mass xxi, 292. Reference Warrant #98 [https://archive.org/details/publicationsofcov21colo/page/349/mode/2up p 350-1] *ChChR 10 [wife's admission to Charlestown church) 48 (baptism of first 3 children), 50, bp of Moses) *Lechford 365 Petition *TG 3:54-56 [son George's marriage ===Other Sources=== Old times : a magazine devoted to the preservation and publication of documents relating to the early history of North: https://archive.org/details/oldtimesmagazine188182yarm/page/624/mode/2up?q=george+felt

[[Firestone-148|George Washington Firestone (1784-1851)]]
[[Carle-2304|Rebecca (Carle) Firestone (1786-abt.1869)]] ---- 1813- 23 April. George Firestone of Wayne County entered Federal Land at the Canton-Wooster Land Office. 1814 Tax List of 7 Feb 1814--160 acres, SW quarter of section #34, twp. 16, range 12. Russell cites Ohio Records and Pioneer Families V:103. ----- ==Census== 1813- 23 April. George Firestone of Wayne County entered Federal Land at the Canton-Wooster Land Office. 1814 Tax List of 7 Feb 1814--160 acres, SW quarter of section #34, twp. 16, range 12. Russell cites Ohio Records and Pioneer Families V:103. '''1820.''' 1820 U.S. census, Wayne County, Ohio, Eastunion Township population schedule, p. 18 (stamped and struck through), 164 (stamped), line 17, George Fireston household; NARA microfilm publication M33, roll 93; digital images, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33SQ-GYY1-S363?i=210&cc=1803955&cat=745502 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 181399, Digital Collection 5156931, image 211 of 244; official census date was [https://www.google.com/search?q=when+did+they+take+the+1820+census&oq=when+did+they+take+the+1820+census&aqs=chrome..69i57j33i160j33i299j33i22i29i30.20560j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 7 August 1820]. :Eastunion Township, Wayne County, Ohio :line 10, Solomon Fireston [struck through] :line 16, Mordica Cameron 2-1-0-0-1-0||0-0-0-1||0-0-0-1 :line 17, George Fireston 1-0-0-1-1-0||4-0-0-1-0||0-2-0-0 :line 18, James Wilson 0-0-0-0-0-1||0-0-0-0-0||0-2-0-0 :George Fireston--one male aged to 10, no males aged 16 to 18, one male aged 16 to 25 and one male age 25 to 44; four females aged to 10 and one female age 26 to 44; two persons engaged in agriculture. '''1830.''' 1830 U.S. census, Wayne County, Ohio, East Union Township, population schedule, p. 62 (stamped), line 20, George Firestone household, NARA microfilm publication M19, roll 142; digital images, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-6GK3-YW6?i=129&cat=745502 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 337953, Digital Collection 4411253, image 130-131 of 639; official census date was [https://www.google.com/search?q=when+did+they+take+the+1830+census&sxsrf=ALiCzsZ5FuYS4RKTzyAuboGt64iA0W3C7g%3A1654425009029&ei=sYWcYqeqAZXcqtsPzrKNwA0&ved=0ahUKEwjnxuG3jZb4AhUVrmoFHU5ZA9gQ4dUDCA4&uact=5&oq=when+did+they+take+the+1830+census&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAM6BwgAEEcQsAM6CggAEEcQsAMQyQNKBAhBGABKBAhGGABQ8whYpwtgug9oAXABeACAAXiIAfABkgEDMC4ymAEAoAEByAEIwAEB&sclient=gws-wiz 1 June 1830]. :East Union Township, Wayne County, Ohio :line 19 Samuel Allen 2-0-1-2-0-0-1 ... ||0-2-1-1-0-1-1-0-0-1 ... :line 20 George Firestone 0-0-1-0-2-0-1 ... || 2-0-2-2-0-0-1 ... :line 21 David Johnston 1-0-0-0-1 ... ||1-1-0-1-1 ... :George Firestone--one male aged 10-15, two males age 20-30 and one male age 40-50; two females aged under 5, two females age 10-15, two females 15-20 and one female age 40-50. '''1840.''' 1840 U.S. census, Wayne County, Ohio, East Union Township, population schedule, p. 167 (stamped), line 24, George Firestone household, NARA microfilm publication M704, roll 432; digital image, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-D4F3-XD3?i=339&cat=745502 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 20179, Digital Collection 4093846, images 340-341 of 1082; official census date was [https://www.google.com/search?q=when+did+they+take+the+1840+census&sxsrf=ALiCzsa7xjNAyW1UD_UH1oJnPBnvH-Mp7A%3A1654426235463&ei=e4qcYvz0G5KeqtsP1Le3uAI&ved=0ahUKEwi8nsmAkpb4AhUSj2oFHdTbDScQ4dUDCA4&uact=5&oq=when+did+they+take+the+1840+census&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAM6CggAEEcQsAMQyQM6BwgAEEcQsANKBAhBGABKBAhGGABQlAlY6gpgwg9oAXABeACAAYIBiAGEApIBAzAuMpgBAKABAcgBCMABAQ&sclient=gws-wiz 1 June 1840]. :East Union Township, Wayne County, Ohio :line 23 William Berry 2-1-1-1-0-0-1 ... || 0-1-0-0-0-0-1 ... :line 24 George Firestone 1-2-1-1-1-0-0-1 ... || 0-0-1-0-1-0-0-1 ... :line 25 George Philips 0-0-0-0-1-0-0-0-1 ... || 0-0-0-0-1 ... :George Firestone--one male under aged 5, two males aged 5-10, one male age 10-15, one male age 15-20, one male age 20-30 and one male age 50-60; one female age 10-15, one female age 20-30 and one female age 50-60. '''1850.''' 1850 U.S. census, Wayne County, Ohio, population schedule, East Union Township, p. 417 (handwritten, 209 stamped), dwelling 150, family 150, Georg Firestone household; NARA microfilm publication M432, roll 739; digital image, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-XHRS-KVH?i=418&cc=1401638&cat=121180 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 444732 Digital Collection 004204707, image 419 of 448. :150/150 Firestone, Georg, 66, M, --, Farmer, , --, ,15000, Maryland, --, -- , --, -- : " , Rebecca, 64, F, --, --, --, Pennsylvania ... : " , George, 19, M, --, --, --, Ohio, --, -- , --, -- : " , Solomon, 17, M, --, --, --, Ohio, --, -- , --, -- :Perky, George F., 10, M, --, --, --, Ohio, --, school, --, -- : " , Irene, 8, F, --, --, --, Ohio, --, school , --, -- : " , Sarah, 6, F, --, --, --, Ohio, --, school, --, -- '''1860.''' 1860 U.S. census, [County name] County, [State], population schedule, [Town or township, ward], p. [number] (handwritten, [number] stamped), dwelling [number], family [number], [Name]; NARA microfilm publication M653, roll [number]; digital images, [ ''FamilySearch'']. FHL film , image ... . :Where is Rebecca at 1860? Sons Solomon and George are here, page 43, stamped 22, ... https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33SQ-GBSF-BK4?i=19&wc=7QCB-KMG%3A1589432777%2C1589424766%2C1589434520&cc=1473181 ::Son Solomon ... ::1860 U.S. census, Wayne County, Ohio, population schedule, East Union Township, p. 43 (handwritten, 22 (stamped), dwelling 303, family 316, Solomon Firestone household [indexed as Solomon Findlone]; NARA microfilm publication M653, roll 1050; digital images, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-DZZ7-63S?i=47&cat=121214 ''FamilySearch'']. FHL film 805050, Digital Collection 4282806, image 48 of 424. ::Son George ... ::1860 U.S. census, Wayne County, Ohio, population schedule, East Union Township, p. 43 (handwritten, 22 (stamped), dwelling 305, family 318, George Firestone household [indexed as George Findlone]; NARA microfilm publication M653, roll 1050; digital images, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-DZZ7-63S?i=47&cat=121214 ''FamilySearch'']. FHL film 805050, Digital Collection 4282806, image 48 of 424. ::Son in law, John F. Perky ... ::1860 U.S. census, Hancock County, Ohio, population schedule, Eagle Township (Findlay P.O.), p. 43 (handwritten, [22] stamped), dwelling 287, family 283, John F. Burkley household; NARA microfilm publication M653, roll 983; digital images, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-6S7W-6ZC?i=47&cat=121214 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 803982, Digital Collection 4282582, image 48 of 596. ==Research Notes== Citing "Petition for Partition," ''Wooster (Ohio) Republican,'' April 25, 1853, Denny Shirer, "Rebecca Carle," online family file; web content, [http://freepages.rootsweb.com/~mysong/genealogy/p18863.htm ''Shirer Family Genealogy Project'']. Petition for Partition
Rebecca Firestone, vs. Nancy Jane Firestone, et al. Wayne Common Pleas.
Nancy Jane Firestone, George Firestone, and Rebecca Firestone, children of John C. Firestone, deceased; and Eleanor Knight, of the county of Wayne and State of Ohio; Irena Purky and Sarah Purky, children of Judy Ann Purcky, deceased, of the county of Hancock and State of Ohio aforesaid; and Richard Knight and Harriet Knight, of the county of Defiance, in the State of Ohio aforesaid, devisees and heirs at law of George Firestone, late of Wayne County, Ohio, deceased - will take notice, that a petition was filed against them on the eighth day of August, A. D. 1853, in the Court of Common Pleas of Wayne County, Ohio by Rebecca Fireston, of said Wayne County, and is now pending, wherein the said Rebecca Firestone, widow and devisee, in lieu of dower, of the said George Firestone, deceased, demands partition of the following real estate, to wit: The north-east quarter of section twenty-three (23), in Township sixteen (16) of Range twelve (12), in the county of Wayne and State of Ohio; and three (3) acres off the southwest part of the south half of the northwest quarter of section twenty-four (24) in township sixteen (16) of range twelve (12) aforesaid, commencing at the south-west corner of said half quarter, and to run so far east as to cross little Sugar Creek four rods; thence north so far, as by running west to the west line of said half quarter, and thence south to the place of beginning, will contain three acres as aforesaid. Also, the south half of the north-west quarter of Section twenty four (24), in Township sixteen (16) of Range twelve (12), aforesaid, excepting three acres, described as aforesaid. Also, the north half of the north-west quarter of Section twenty-four (24) aforesaid. - Also, seventy-three (73) acres, more or less, of the south-west part of the south-east quarter, Section thirty-four (34) of Township sixteen (16) aforesaid; and that at teh next term of said Court, application will be made by the said Rebecca Firestone, for an order that partition may be made of said premises. REBECCA FIRESTONE.
August 6th, 1853.
LEHMAN & FLATTERT, Attorneys for Petitioner Notes: Where are each of these properties located? Would any of these help us to find folks in. the 1860 census? :north-east quarter of section twenty-three (23), in Township sixteen (16) of Range twelve (12), in the county of Wayne and State of Ohio :three (3) acres off the southwest part of the south half of the northwest quarter of section twenty-four (24) in township sixteen (16) of range twelve (12) aforesaid, commencing at the south-west corner of said half quarter, and to run so far east as to cross little Sugar Creek four rods; thence north so far, as by running west to the west line of said half quarter, and thence south to the place of beginning, will contain three acres as aforesaid :the south half of the north-west quarter of Section twenty four (24), in Township sixteen (16) of Range twelve (12), aforesaid, excepting three acres, described as aforesaid :north half of the north-west quarter of Section twenty-four (24) aforesaid :seventy-three (73) acres, more or less, of the south-west part of the south-east quarter, Section thirty-four (34) of Township sixteen (16) aforesaid == Sources ==

[[Firestone-323|George Samuel Firestone (1811-1891)]] ----- ''History of DeKalb County, Indiana : together with sketches ...'' ( Chicago : Inter-State Publishing Co., 1885), 614-615 (George Firestone); digital images, [https://archive.org/details/historyofdekalbc00inte/page/614/mode/1up ''InternetArchive'']. Citing "History of De Kalb County, Indiana; Inter-State Publishing Company, Chicago, 1885 (Franklin Twp. Pgs 614-615," George Firestone 1885 sketch, transcription; web content, [http://genealogytrails.com/ind/dekalb/bios1885EF.html ''Genealogy Trails'']. Separately as ''History of DeKalb County, Indiana : Together with sketches of its cities ... and biographies of representative citizens ...'' (Chicago: Inter-State Publishing Company, 1885), 614-615 (George Firestone); digital images, [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/inu.30000130585395?urlappend=%3Bseq=656%3Bownerid=13510798902167706-702 ''Hathi Trust'']. ----- FIRESTONE, George
George Firestone, section 23, Franklin Township, was born in Stark County, Ohio, June 30, 1811, a son of George Firestone, a native of Hagerstown, Va., and an early settler of Stark County.
Our subject received a limited education, his services being required on the farm as soon as he was old enough to work. Oct. 18, 1836 he came to De Kalb County, Ind., and settled on the land which is now his valuable farm. At that time the chief inhabitants were Indians and wild animals, and the land was all heavily timbered. He entered 160 acres from the Government, which he improved and to which he has added, owning now 192 1/2 acres. His first house was a cabin of round logs, and his furniture was of the most primitive sort. He early learned the use of tools and made the most of his furniture. For two years a chest, which he now uses to keep oats in, was used as a table.
Mr. Firestone was married Oct. 9, 1832, to Catherine Crum, and to them were born thirteen children, ten of whom are living — Samuel K., Isaac, Hattie, Catherine, Amanda, Daniel, Benjamin F., Sarah, George S., and John L. One son, Josiah, died at the age of twenty-three years and two died in infancy.
Mrs. Firestone died April 1, 1870, and the following fall he married Mrs. Mary Mclntyre. She had a large family by her first husband, but three of whom are living — Julia, Eliza and Ellen.
Mr. Firestone is now living with his third wife, whom he married March 2, 1879. She was the widow of Richard Cook and the daughter of Samuel Larrabee. Her four children by her first husband — Samuel S., Mary M., Polly M., and Russell W., are all deceased. Mrs. Firestone came West with her father and settled in Adrian, Mich., in 1835. She cooked by a fireplace many years, using a cooking-stove for the first time in 1843. In 1840 she made the largest johnny-cake ever heard of in the United States, for a Fourth of July celebration at Coldwater. It was drawn by a six-horse team, in a canoe made of the largest whitewood tree to be found in the country, and was known as the Tippecanoe johnny-cake. A son of Mr. Firestone, Isaac, served over three years in the war of the Rebellion as a member of Company F, Forty-fourth Indiana Infantry. He participated in many hard-fought battles, the more prominent being Fort Donelson, Stone River, Shiloh, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge. He was wounded at Shiloh. Mrs. Firestone's son, Samuel S. Cook, served over four years as a member of Company C, Eighth Iowa Infantry, participating in the battle at Vicksburg, Sherman's march to the sea, and many others. He was killed by the accidental discharge of a gun in his own hands six years after his return from the war.

[[Firestone-323|George Samuel Firestone (1811-1891)]] ----- 1840 U.S. census, DeKalb County, Indiana, population schedule, p. 249 (stamped), line 16, George Fierstone, NARA microfilm publication M704, roll 77-78; digital image, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33S7-9YBM-992X?i=6&cc=1786457&personaUrl=%2Fark%3A%2F61903%2F1%3A1%3AXHBV-FTG ''FamilySearch''], as 1 male under 5, 2 males 5-10 and one male 20-30; 1 female under 5 and 1 female 20-30. 1850 U.S. census, DeKalb County, Indiana, population schedule, Franklin Township, p. 431 (handwritten, 216 stamped), dwelling 92, family 94, George Firestone; NARA microfilm publication M432, roll _____; digital image, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-6MZZ-CF?i=12&cc=1401638 ''FamilySearch'']. :Firestone, George, 39, M, --, Farmer, 2000, O[hio] : " , Catherine, 38, F, ---, ---, ---, O : " , Samuel, 26, M, ---, Farmer, ---, O : " , Josiah, 14, M, ---, -----, ---, O : " , Isaac, 13, M, ---, ---, ---, I[ndian]a : " , Harriet, 11, F, ---, ---, ---, Ia : " , Catharine, 7, F, ---, ---, ---, Ia : " , Amanda, 5, F, ---, ---, ---, Ia : " , Daniel, 3, M, ---, ---, ---, Ia : " , Benjamin, 2, M, ---, ---, ---, Ia 1860 U.S. census, DeKalb County, Indiana, population schedule, Franklin Township (P.O. Jarvis), p. 79 (handwritten, dwelling 583, family 569, George Firestone; NARA microfilm publication M653, roll _____; digital image, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33S7-9YBY-FZB?i=18&cc=1473181 ''FamilySearch'']. :583/569 Firestone, George, 49, M, ---, ---, 4500, 900, Ohio, --, --, --, -- : " , Catherine, 48, F, ---, ---, ---, ---, Ohio, --, --, --, -- : " , Isaac, 23, M, ---, ---, ---, ---, Indiana, --, school, --, -- : " , Harriet, 21, F, ---, ---, ---, ---, Indiana, --, school, --, -- : " , Catherine, 18, F, ---, ---, ---, ---, Indiana, --, school, --, -- : " , Amanda, 16, F, ---, ---, ---, ---, Indiana, --, school, --, -- : " , Daniel, 13, M, ---, ---, ---, ---, Indiana, --, school, --, -- : " , Benjamin F., 11, M, ---, ---, ---, ---, Indiana, --, school, --, -- : " , Sarah, 9, F, ---, ---, ---, ---, Indiana, --, school, --, -- : " , George, 5, M, ---, ---, ---, ---, Indiana, --, --, --, -- : " , John L., 2, M, ---, ---, ---, ---, Indiana, --, --, --, -- 1870 U.S. census, DeKalb County, Indiana, population schedule, ?Corrinna Post Office, p. 17 (handwritten, 307 (stamped), dwelling 124, family 125, George Firestone, NARA microfilm publication M593, roll _____; digital image, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-DCT3-9C5?i=16&cc=1438024 ''FamilySearch'']. :124/125, Firestone, George, 59, M, W, Farmer, 8000, 1825, Ohio, --. --. --. --. --. -- ... citizen ... : " , Mary, 49, F, W, Keeping house, ---, 1400, Ohio, --. --. --. --. -- ... -- ... : " , George S., M, W, Farm laborer, ---, ---, Indiana, --. --. --. --. school ... -- ... : " , John L., M, W, At home, ---, ---, Indiana, --. --. --. --. school ... -- ... 1880 U.S. census, DeKalb County, Indiana, population schedule, p. 11 (handwritten, 38 (stamped), dwelling 100, family 101, George Firestone, NARA microfilm publication T9, roll [number]; digital image, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33SQ-GYBK-97F2?i=10&cc=1417683 ''FamilySearch'']. :100/101, Firestone, George, W, M, 69, --, -----, married, --, Farmer, -- ... Ohio, Virginia, Virginia : ", Mercy, W, F, 65, --, wife, married, Housekeeper, --, Ohio, New York, Vermont : ", Sanford, W, M, 24, --, son, single, ----, --, Indiana, Ohio, Ohio : ", John, W, M, 21, --, son, single, Studing Medicine, --, Indiana, Ohio, Ohio == Sources == :See also-- *George Ely Russell, C.G., FASG, FNGS, George Samuel Firestone FGS in George Ely Russell, Jr. Collection," ACPL Genealogy Center; digital images, [https://www.genealogycenter.info/viewpage_russellfamfirestonea.php?realpage=10&display=Russell_Firestone%20A_205 205] and [https://www.genealogycenter.info/viewpage_russellfamfirestonea.php?realpage=10&display=Russell_Firestone%20A_207 207] of 333.

==WikiTree Pages of Interest== *[[Firestone-148|George W. Firestone (1784-1851)]] *[[Carle-2304|Rebecca (Carle) Firestone (1786-1869)]] ==Bibliographic Notes== Ben Douglass, ''History of Wayne County, Ohio, from the days of the pioneers and first settlers to the present time'' (Indianapolis, Ind.: R. Douglass, 1878), 620 (George Firestone in East Union Township--Sketches) ; digital images, [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/miun.afk4254.0001.001?urlappend=%3Bseq=638 ''Hathi Trust'']. ==Content== ''George Firestone'' was born near Frederick City, Maryland, April 22, 1784. His wife, Rebecca Carroll, was born at Elizabethtown, Pa., August 6, 1786. They were married in June, 1812. He came to Wayne county in 1812, on a prospecting tour, and entered the south-west quarter of section 33, in East Union township. He then went home for his family, and returned July 6, 1813. He died April 22, 1851, his wife dying November 24, 1869. ==Research Notes== == Sources ==

George Franklin Suggs was a Major League Baseball player from 1908-1915. After MLB he returned to his hometown of Kinston, NC and opened a sporting goods store with A.E Rountree. George also built the first baseball stadium in Kinston, West End Park.

An incomplete transcription of the will at https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/5111/images/40611_310335-00606?treeid=&personid=&usePUB=true&_phsrc=bcb1287&_phstart=successSource&pId=967268 Please feel free to add/correct as required. In the name of God Amen. I Sir George Graham of Netherbie in the County of Cumberland Baront being sick and weak in body but sound in minde and perfect memorie doth make this my last will and testament in manner and forme following. First I give and bequesthe my soul into the hands of my Redeemer the Lord Jesus Christ begging him the pardon of my sinns through his mercy And that my soule may be retrieved into the Kingdom of God. And as for my body I doe desire my dearly beloved wife Dame Mary Graham to see it carefully and have it interred in the North Side of Ashhurst Church in that parts thereof which I chose for my buriall place. As for my temporall estate of Lands which I hold here in this County of Cumberland and settled by my ??? Father Sir Richard Graham upon me and my children. I Confirme and allow according to the covenants made in lawe by my late Father. And as for my personall estate I make my dearly beloved wife Dame Mary Graham and my Dear Uncle Ranald Graham of London joynte executors appoyntinge out of the same thirtye pounds to burye me and fyve pounds in gold I give to my deare wife appointing my deare wife and my said Uncle Ranald Graham to set all my ?? and fully discharged according to this ????? And to take ??? my children ???? Leavinge all ?? to the discretion of my deare wife and uncle being soe weake in body that I cannot speake anythinge more but

Below is a transcription of the [https://recordersoffice.hamilton-co.org/hcro-pdi/main/image-viewer?documentCode=D&bookNumber=142&pageNumber=204&bookAlpha=&pageAlpha=&pagemode=thumbs George H. Mullins Deed Oliver C. Betts].[https://recordersoffice.hamilton-co.org/hcro-pdi/main/image-viewer?documentCode=D&bookNumber=142&pageNumber=204&bookAlpha=&pageAlpha=&pagemode=thumbs George H. Mullins Deed Oliver C. Betts.] Hamilton County Recorder, Cincinnati, Ohio. Deed Book 142, page 405. Accessed at the [https://recordersoffice.hamilton-co.org/ website of the Hamilton County Recorder] on May 30, 2022. The property involved is Lot 5 of the Irwin Estate, which Martha inherited as an heir of her father, [[Irwin-5894|William Irwin (abt.1775-bef.1843)]].[https://recordersoffice.hamilton-co.org/hcro-pdi/main/image-viewer?documentCode=D&bookNumber=102&pageNumber=31&bookAlpha=&pageAlpha=&pagemode=thumbs Elizabeth Irwin deed to Ellis Dunaway]. Hamilton County Recorder, Cincinnati, Ohio. Deed Book 102, Page 58. Accessed at the [https://recordersoffice.hamilton-co.org/ website of the Hamilton County Recorder] on April 30, 2022. For a complete history of the Irwin estate, see [[Space:Westwood_Irwin-Witt-Wagner_Property|Westwood Irwin Estate]]. ---- George H. Mullins Deed Oliver C. Betts Know all men that George H Mullins + Nancy Mullins of Kenton County Kentucky formerly Nancy Irwin in consideration of twelve hundred dollars to them paid by Oliver C Betts of Hamilton County Ohio. The receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged do bargain sell and convey to the said Oliver C. Betts his heirs and assigns forever the following Real Estate viz: All that certain tract or parcel of land situate in the County of Hamilton + State of Ohio + being part of the East half of the South East quarter of section No. Eight (8) in Township No (2) Two, Second fractional Range of the Miami Purchase and being Lot Number six (6) as marked and designated on the plat of division of said half quarter section among the heirs of William Irwin deceased by the Court of Common Pleas in + for said Hamilton County Ohio, at the May Term thereof A.D. 1844. Said lot, No. six lies south of the County Road and contains Eight and one half acres of land + is marked on said plat with the name of Nancy Irwin reference being hereby made to said plat of partition for a more full description of the same, together with all the privileges and appurtenances to the same belonging. To have and to hold the same to the said Oliver C. Betts, his heirs and assigns forever, and the said George H. Mullins & Nancy Mullens his wife for themselves and their heirs do hereby covenant with said Oliver C. Betts his heirs and assigns that they are lawfully seized of the premises aforesaid that the said premises are free and clear from all incumbrances whatsoever and that they will forever warrant and defend the same with the appurtenances unto the said Oliver C Betts his heirs and assigns against the lawful claims of all person whomsoever. In witness whereof this said George H. Mullins and Nancy Mullins his wife have hereunto set their hands and seals this first day of June in the year eighteen hundred and forty nine George H Mullins (seal)
Nancy Mullins x her mark (seal) Signed sealed and acknowledged in presence of J H Clemmen
[illegible] Hofman State of Ohio Hamilton County. So Be it Remember, that on this first day of June in the year of our lord one thousand eight hundred and forty nine before me the subscriber a notary public in and for said county personally came George H Mullins + Nancy Mullins his wife the grantors in the above conveyance and acknowledged the signing and sealing the same to be their voluntary act and deed for the uses and purposes therein mentioned. And the said Nancy Mullins wife of the said George H Mullins being at the same time examined by one separate and apart from her said husband the contents of said deed being by one made known and explained to her she then declared that she did voluntarily sign seal and acknowledge the same and that she is still satisfied therewith as her act and deed for the uses and purposes therein mentioned. In testimony whereof I have hereunto inscribed my name and affixed my notary seal on the day and year last aforesaid. J H Clemmen
Notary Public (N P Seal) == Sources ==

Looking for George H. Mault Amsterdam NY

This is a genealogy book written about Hardman, Lowther, Grimes, Bowyer, Stout families.

The family of [[Hardy-363|George Hardy]] in ''Historical Southern Families'' Vol IV by John Bennett Bodie, Clearfield Company, USA

George Hartley was born in Philadelphia, PA in 1763. He was married to Ann Bates in Philadelphia. He died in Philadelphia on 18 Mar 1824. he was buried at the 2nd Baptist Chruch Burying Ground which no longer exists. Documents state the remains were moved in 1869 to Ivy Hill Cemetery. Ivy Hill has no record of George Hartley's remains being moved there, noe does any other cemetery in Philadelphia. According to his Seaman's Protection Certificate his father was also named George Hartley. That certificate states that George Sr. was born in Danzig and arrived in Philadelphia from Amsterdam. There is no record of his burial and some documents state he was lost at sea. BRICK WALL Please HELP!

George Henry Knowlton spent many years working on revisions and corrections to Rev. Charles Stocking's [[Space:The_History_and_Genealogy_of_the_Knowlton_of_England_and_America|''The History and Genealogy of the Knowltons of England and America'']]. He never published his work, but his papers, including a draft of his intended book, are held in the Manuscripts and Special Collections department of the New York State Library in Albany. A finding aid is available online: https://www.nysl.nysed.gov/msscfa/sc13163.htm The bulk of collection consists of correspondence (most of it pertaining to later American generations of the family) and "Genealogical Records," which are usually foul copies (rough drafts) of the accounts gathered together in the bound volume. Knowlton's work corrects numerous errors from Stocking, but it is by no means perfect, and many of its assertions are unsourced. It is a welcome supplement to Stocking's ''History'', which is notoriously unreliable, but not a substitute for primary source research.

This is my maternal great grandfather and if anyone has a picture of him that is different than one that is already posted please add it to this page. Thank you!

Partial transcript of the Naval service of [[Sharman-455|George Herbert Sharman]], 1893-1934. Service number J4619
Name in full: George Herbert Sharman
Date of Birth: 30 January 1893
Place of Birth: Long Buckby, Northants
Occupation: Seaman/steward MS
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Ganges_(shore_establishment) Ganges],"'''HMS Ganges''' was a training ship and later stone frigate of the Royal Navy. She was established as a boys' training establishment in 1865, and was based aboard a number of hulks before moving ashore. She was based alternately in Falmouth, Harwich (from 1899) and Shotley (from 1905). She remained in service at RNTE Shotley until October 1976... In 1909 the Signal School was established and three signal masts were erected."
Wikipedia contributors, "HMS Ganges (shore establishment)," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HMS_Ganges_(shore_establishment)&oldid=1062302222 (accessed January 26, 2022). 10 Jun 1909–22 Oct 1909 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Howe_(1860) Impregnable],"'''HMS Howe''' was built as a 121-gun screw first-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy... She was renamed a second time to Impregnable on 27 September 1886, but reverted to Bulwark in 1919 shortly before being sold for breaking up in 1921."
Wikipedia contributors, "HMS Howe (1860)," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HMS_Howe_(1860)&oldid=1033074173 (accessed January 26, 2022). 23 Oct 1909–12 Dec 1909 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Ganges_(shore_establishment) Ganges], 13 Dec 1909– *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Ganges_(shore_establishment) Ganges], 9 Feb 1910–6 May 1910 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Trent_(1877) Pembroke I],"'''HMS Trent''' was a Medina-class gunboat launched in 1877... She was renamed HMS Pembroke in 1905, and served off the coast of Tanganyika in 1915."
Wikipedia contributors, "HMS Trent (1877)," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HMS_Trent_(1877)&oldid=1063237739 (accessed January 26, 2022). 7 May 1910–16 May 1910 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Caesar_(1896) Caesar]"'''HMS Caesar''' was a Majestic-class pre-dreadnought battleship of the Royal Navy, named after the Roman military and political leader Julius Caesar... In May 1909, Caesar transferred to the Nore, temporarily serving as the flagship of Vice Admiral, 3rd and 4th Divisions, Home Fleet."
Wikipedia contributors, "HMS Caesar (1896)," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HMS_Caesar_(1896)&oldid=1062811284 (accessed January 26, 2022). *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Dominion Dominion],"'''HMS Dominion''' was a King Edward VII-class battleship of the Royal Navy... Following a reorganisation of the fleet in 1912, she and her sister ships formed the 3rd Battle Squadron, part of the Home Fleet."
Wikipedia contributors, "HMS Dominion," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HMS_Dominion&oldid=1063237552 (accessed January 26, 2022). 7 Jun 1910– *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Dominion Dominion], 30 Jan 1911–14 Oct 1912 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Trent_(1877) Pembroke I], 15 Oct 1912–25 Feb 1913 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Halcyon_(1894) Halcyon], 26 Feb 1913–14 May 1913 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Halcyon_(1894) Halcyon],"The third '''HMS Halcyon''' was a Dryad-class torpedo gunboat of the Royal Navy. Once described as "perhaps the smallest and least formidable vessel that ever crept into the 'Navy List,'... She was recommissioned in 1913, was converted to a minesweeper and served under the orders of the Admiral Commanding Coast Guard and Reserves."
Wikipedia contributors, "HMS Halcyon (1894)," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HMS_Halcyon_(1894)&oldid=1063568871 (accessed January 26, 2022). 15 May 1913–15 Jul 1913 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Trent_(1877) Pembroke I],, 16 Jul 1913–16 Jul 1913 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Halcyon_(1894) Halcyon], 17 Jul 1913–3 Sep 1914 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Trent_(1877) Pembroke I],, 4 Sep 1914–11 Sep 1914 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Dido_(1896) Dido (Laurel)],"'''HMS Dido''' was an Eclipse-class protected cruiser built for the Royal Navy in the mid-1890s... used as a depot ship after 1913."
Wikipedia contributors, "HMS Dido (1896)," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HMS_Dido_(1896)&oldid=1066374390 (accessed January 26, 2022). 1 Oct 1915–27 Oct 1915 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Dido_(1896) Dido (Laurel)],28 Oct 1915–7 Mar 1916 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Trent_(1877) Pembroke I],, 8 Mar 1916–31 Mar 1916 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Conquest_(1915) Conquest],"'''HMS Conquest''' was a C-class light cruiser of the Royal Navy that saw service during World War I....She covered the force that carried out the Royal Naval Air Service seaplane raid on the German Navy airship hangars at Tondern, then in northern Germany, on 24 March 1916...
During the Lowestoft Raid – the German naval bombardment of Yarmouth and Lowestoft – on 25 April 1916, German battlecruisers opened fire on Conquest and she suffered a 12-inch (305-mm) shell hit which destroyed her aerials and killed 25 and wounded 13 of her crew, but was able to maintain 20 knots...
Back in service after repairs, Conquest sortied along with much of the rest of Harwich Force and the Grand Fleet in August 1916 in an unsuccessful attempt to bring the German High Seas Fleet to action in the North Sea; while at sea, she opened fire on the German Navy Zeppelin L 13 but was unable to shoot the airship down...
In January 1917, she took part in an unsuccessful attempt to attack German destroyers off the coast of Belgium. On 5 June 1917, she and the light cruisers HMS Canterbury and HMS Centaur sank the German torpedo boat S20 in the North Sea near the Schouwen Bank off Zeebrugge, Belgium, during a Royal Navy raid on Ostend, Belgium."
Wikipedia contributors, "HMS Conquest (1915)," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HMS_Conquest_(1915)&oldid=1065834405 (accessed January 26, 2022). 1 Apr 1916–20 Jan 1918 *[http://www.dreadnoughtproject.org/tfs/index.php/H.M.S._Tuberose_(1917) Tuberose],"'''H.M.S. Tuberose''' was one of twenty-eight Anchusa Class convoy sloops completed for the Royal Navy."
[http://www.dreadnoughtproject.org/tfs/index.php/H.M.S._Tuberose_(1917) HMS Tuberose (1917)]. dreadnoughtproject.org. Accessed 26 Jan 2022 21 Jan 1918–11 Jul 1919 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Trent_(1877) Pembroke I],, 12 Jul 1919–17 Oct 1919 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Columbine Columbine],Wikipedia contributors, "HMS Columbine," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HMS_Columbine&oldid=1048777296 (accessed January 26, 2022 18 Oct 1919–31 Jan 1920 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Trent_(1877) Pembroke I],, 1 Feb 1920–12 Feb 1920 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Pembroke Pembroke VIII],"'''HMS Pembroke VIII''' - HM Naval Base, Immingham and as the flag ship of the Commanding Officer, Humber Area on the Humber between 1920 and 1921."
Wikipedia contributors, "HMS Pembroke," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HMS_Pembroke&oldid=1050193602 (accessed January 26, 2022). 13 Feb 1920–18 Nov 1920 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Trent_(1877) Pembroke I],, 19 Nov 1920–3 Jan 1921 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Cornwallis_(1813) Wildfire],"'''HMS Cornwallis''' was a 74-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 12 May 1813 at Bombay. She was built of teak... In 1916 she was renamed HMS Wildfire and used as a base ship."
Wikipedia contributors, "HMS Cornwallis (1813)," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HMS_Cornwallis_(1813)&oldid=1056985346 (accessed January 26, 2022). 4 Jan 1921–9 Feb 1921 *[http://dreadnoughtproject.org/tfs/index.php/H.M.S._Cyclamen_(1916) Cyclamen],"'''H.M.S. Cyclamen''' was one of thirty-six Arabis Class sweeping sloops completed for the Royal Navy."[http://dreadnoughtproject.org/tfs/index.php/H.M.S._Cyclamen_(1916)) HMS Cyclamen (1916)]. dreadnoughtproject.org. Accessed 26 Jan 2022 10 Feb 1921–3 Apr 1921 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Trent_(1877) Pembroke I],, 4 Apr 1921–2 Oct 1921 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Columbine Columbine],, 3 Oct 1921– *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Columbine Columbine], 1 Apr 1923–14 May 1923 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Trent_(1877) Pembroke I],, 15 May 1923–5 Jul 1923 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Cambrian_(1916) Cambrian],"'''HMS Cambrian''' was a C-class light cruiser built for the Royal Navy during World War I... She was part of the 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron of the Atlantic Fleet from August 1922 until June 1924, and was detached to support British interests during the Chanak Crisis of 1922–23. She escorted the seaplane carrier Ark Royal from the UK to Turkey from 27 September to 8 October and was later guard ship at Smyrna in December."
Wikipedia contributors, "HMS Cambrian (1916)," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HMS_Cambrian_(1916)&oldid=1065833801 (accessed January 26, 2022). 6 Jul 1923–12 May 1924 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Canterbury_(1915) Canterbury],"'''HMS Canterbury''' was a C-class light cruiser of the Royal Navy that saw service in the First World War and the Russian Civil War... She was recommissioned again at Portsmouth in May 1924 to serve in the 2nd Cruiser Squadron in the Atlantic Fleet."
Wikipedia contributors, "HMS Canterbury (1915)," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HMS_Canterbury_(1915)&oldid=1041851528 (accessed January 26, 2022). 13 May 1924–31 Dec 1924 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Cleopatra_(1915) Cleopatra],"The fourth '''HMS Cleopatra''' was a C-class light cruiser of the Royal Navy that saw service during World War I and the Russian Civil War... She again recommissioned in January 1925 and was assigned to the 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron in the Atlantic Fleet, serving until decommissioned again in December 1926 and placed under dockyard control."
Wikipedia contributors, "HMS Cleopatra (1915)," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HMS_Cleopatra_(1915)&oldid=1064651922 (accessed January 26, 2022). 1 Jan 1925–10 Nov 1926 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Trent_(1877) Pembroke I], 11 Nov 1926–20 Dec 1926 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Ganges_(shore_establishment) Ganges], 21 Dec 1926– ==See also== *[https://www.commsmuseum.co.uk/dykes/rnsigschools/rnsigschools.htm RN Signal Schools]. Godfrey Dykes © RN Communications Branch Museum/Library. Accessed 26 Jan 2022 ==Sources== *Ancestry.com. UK, '''Royal Navy Registers of Seamen's Services, 1848-1939''' [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2014. Original data: Royal Navy Registers of Seamen's Services. ADM 188, 362 and 363. Seamen (Pieces 647-866). Piece 656: 1909 (4501-5000). The National Archives of the UK, Kew, Surrey, England. {{Ancestry Image|60522|43343_656_0-00118}}

Census records of 1855 through 1870 found listed here: [[Space:Levi Rouse Census Records|Levi Rouse Census Records]]
---- {| border="1" cellpadding="4" width="100%" |+ 1880 United States Federal Census: Livonia, Livingston, New York, USA |- bgcolor=#E1F0B4 | Name || Sex || Race || Age || Status || Relation || Occupation || Birth Place |- | [[Rouse-2268|Levi Rouse (1825-1887)]]|| '''M''' || '''White''' || '''54''' || '''Married''' || '''Head''' || '''Farm laborer''' || '''New York''' |- | [[Jacques-1460|Lucretia (Jacques) Rouse (1818-1894)]]|| F || White || 60 || Married || Wife || Housekeeper || New York |- | [[Rouse-2279|George I. Rouse (1855-aft.1910)]]|| M || White || 25 || Single || Son || Farm laborer || New York |} ---- {| border="1" cellpadding="4" width="100%" |+ 1900 United States Federal Census: Pittsford, Monroe, New York |- bgcolor=#E1F0B4 | Name || Sex || Race || Age || Status || Relation || Occupation || Birth Place |- |[[Rouse-2279|George I. Rouse (1855-aft.1910)]] || M || White || 45 || Widowed || Head || Farm Labor || New York, USA |- |[[Rouse-2280|Harriet F. (Rouse) Sowersby (1887-1953)]]|| '''F''' || '''White''' || '''13''' || '''Single''' || '''Daughter''' || '''At School''' || '''New York, USA''' |- | [[Rouse-2281|Benjamin Harrison Rouse (1888-1945)]] || M || White || 11 || Single || Son || At School || New York, USA |} ---- {| border="1" cellpadding="4" width="100%" |+ 1905 Census: Pittsford, Monroe, New York, USA |- bgcolor=#E1F0B4 | Name || Age || Relation || Race || Sex || Birth Place |- |[[Rouse-2279|George I. Rouse (1855-aft.1910)]]|| '''50''' || '''Head''' || '''White''' || '''M''' || '''United States''' |- | [[Rouse-2280|Harriet F. (Rouse) Sowersby (1887-1953)]]|| 18 || Daughter || White || F || United States |- | [[Rouse-2281|Benjamin Harrison Rouse (1888-1945)]] || 16 || Son || White || M || United States |} ---- {| border="1" cellpadding="4" width="100%" |+ 1910 United States Federal Census: Pittsford, Monroe, New York, USA |- bgcolor=#E1F0B4 | Name || Sex || Race || Age || Status || Relation || Occupation || Birth Place |- | [[Perkins-22620|George William Perkins (abt.1878-1910)]]|| M || White || 32 || Married || Head || || New York |- |[[Rouse-2280|Harriet F. (Rouse) Sowersby (1887-1953)]] || F || White || 23 || Married || Wife || Keeper Boarders || New York |- | Benjamin H Louie || M || White || 21 || Single || Brother-in-law || Teamster || New York |- | [[Rouse-2279|George I. Rouse (1855-aft.1910)]]|| '''M''' || '''White''' || '''54''' || '''Widowed''' || '''Father-in-law''' || '''Mason''' || '''New York''' |- | [[Perkins-22623|Henry Smith Perkins Jr. (1877-1950)]]|| M || White || 29 || Widowed || Brother || Laborer || New York |- | Cornelius Booker || M || White || 51 || Widowed || Boarder || Mason || New York |}

New project goal-discover more ancestors on the Pritchard side and on his mother's side(Brown) Right now this project just has one member, me. I am [[Hughes-11799|Michael Hughes]]. Here are some of the tasks that I think need to be done. I'll be working on them, and could use your help. *Georges ancestors prior to 1800 * Elizabeth Brown's ancestors before 1850 * Will you join me? Please post a comment here on this page, in [https://www.WikiTree.com/g2g G2G] using the project tag, or [https://www.WikiTree.com/index.php?title=Special:PrivateMessage&who=16199943 send me a private message]. Thanks!

George Kenley and Jane Collins and Agnes Bald Walker
and children (and their spouses)
George Henry Kenly & Catherine (Hellyer) Kenley
Percy James Kenley
Ethel Jane (Kenley) Ward & William Francis Ward
Edith Christina (Kenley) Ross & William Thomas Ross
Jessie Elizabeth (Kenley) Ross & David Alexander Ross
Residence and Occupation from Australian Electoral Rolls 1903-1980 (reference below) {| border="1" class="sortable" !surname!!name!!year!!address!!occupation!!electoral place |- |KENLEY||George ||1903||Swan Hill||Labourer||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||George Jnr||1903||Swan Hill||Labourer||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||William Thomas||1903||Swan Hill||Farmer||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |||||1903|||||| |- |ROSS||William Thomas||1906||Swan Hill||Farmer||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |||||1906|||||| |- |KENLEY||George||1908||Swan Hill||Labourer||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||George Jnr||1908||Swan Hill||Labourer||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||Percy James||1908||Swan Hill||Labourer||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||William Thomas||1908||Swan Hill||Farmer||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |||||1908|||||| |- |KENLEY||Agnes||1909||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||George||1909||Swan Hill||Labourer||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||George Henry||1909||92 Kent St, Richmond||Engine Driver||Richmond North, Yarra, Vic. |- |KENLEY||George Jnr||1909||Swan Hill||Labourer||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||Percy James||1909||Swan Hill||Labourer||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||William Thomas||1909||Swan Hill||Farmer||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |||||1909|||||| |- |KENLEY||Agnes||1912||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||Ethel Jane||1912||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||George ||1912||Swan Hill||Caretaker||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||Percy James||1912||Swan Hill||Labourer||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||David Alexander||1912||Swan Hill||Miller||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||William Thomas||1912||Swan Hill||Miller||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |||||1912|||||| |- |KENLEY||Agnes||1913||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||Edith Christina||1913||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||Ethel Jane||1913||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||George ||1913||Swan Hill||Caretaker||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||Percy James||1913||Swan Hill||Labourer||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||David Alexander||1913||Swan Hill||Miller||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||William Thomas||1913||Swan Hill||Miller||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |||||1913|||||| |- |KENLEY||Agnes||1914||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||Edith Christina||1914||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||Ethel Jane||1914||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||George ||1914||Swan Hill||Caretaker||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||Percy James||1914||Swan Hill||Labourer||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||David Alexander||1914||Swan Hill||Miller||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||David Alexander||1914||Swan Hill||Miller||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||David Alexander||1914||Swan Hill||Miller||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||William Thomas||1914||Swan Hill||Miller||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |||||1914|||||| |- |KENLEY||Agnes||1915||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||Ethel Jane||1915||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||George ||1915||Swan Hill||Caretaker||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||Percy James||1915||Swan Hill||Labourer||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |||||1915|||||| |- |KENLEY||Agnes||1916||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||Ethel Jane||1916||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||George ||1916||Swan Hill||Caretaker||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||Percy James||1916||Swan Hill||Labourer||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||David Alexander||1916||Swan Hill||Miller||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||Edith Christina||1916||Curlewis St, Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||William Thomas||1916||Swan Hill||Miller||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |||||1916|||||| |- |KENLEY||Agnes||1917||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||Ethel Jane||1917||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||George ||1917||Swan Hill||Caretaker||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||Percy James||1917||Swan Hill||Labourer||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||David Alexander||1917||Swan Hill||Miller||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||David Alexander||1917||Swan Hill||Miller||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||Edith Christina||1917||Curlewis St, Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||William Thomas||1917||Swan Hill||Miller||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |||||1917|||||| |- |KENLEY||Agnes||1919||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||Ethel Jane||1919||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||George ||1919||Swan Hill||Caretaker||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||Percy James||1919||Swan Hill||Labourer||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||David Alexander||1919||Swan Hill||Miller||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||David Alexander||1919||Swan Hill||Miller||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||Edith Christina||1919||Curlewis St, Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||William Thomas||1919||Swan Hill||Miller||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |||||1918|||||| |- |ROSS||David Alexander||1921||Swan Hill||Miller||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||Edith Christina||1921||Curlewis St, Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||William Thomas||1921||Swan Hill||Miller||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |||||1921|||||| |- |KENLEY||Agnes||1924||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||Ethel Jane||1924||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||George ||1924||Swan Hill||Caretaker||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||Percy James||1924||Swan Hill||Labourer||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||David Alexander||1924||Swan Hill||Miller||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||Edith Christina||1924||Curlewis St, Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||Jessie Elizabeth||1924||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||William Thomas||1924||Swan Hill||Miller||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |||||1924|||||| |- |KENLEY||Agnes||1926||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||Ethel Jane||1926||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||George ||1926||Swan Hill||Caretaker||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||Percy James||1926||Swan Hill||Labourer||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||David Alexander||1926||Swan Hill||Miller||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||Edith Christina||1926||Curlewis St, Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||Jessie Elizabeth||1926||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||William Thomas||1926||Swan Hill||Miller||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |||||1926|||||| |- |KENLEY||Agnes||1927||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||George ||1927||Swan Hill||Caretaker||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||Percy James||1927||Swan Hill||Labourer||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||David Alexander||1927||Swan Hill||Miller||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||Edith Christina||1927||Curlewis St, Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||Jessie Elizabeth||1927||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||William Thomas||1927||Swan Hill||Miller||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |||||1927|||||| |- |KENLEY||Agnes||1928||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||George ||1928||Swan Hill||Caretaker||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||Percy James||1928||Swan Hill||Labourer||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||David Alexander||1928||Kostadt St, Nathalia||Foreman||Nathalia, Echuca, Vic. |- |ROSS||Edith Christina||1928||Nathalia||Home Duties||Nathalia, Echuca, Vic. |- |ROSS||Jessie Elizabeth||1928||Kostadt St, Nathalia||Home Duties||Nathalia, Echuca, Vic. |- |ROSS||William Thomas||1928||Swan Hill||Miller||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |||||1928|||||| |- |ROSS||David Alexander||1930||East St., Nerranderra||Miller||Narrendera, Riverina, NSW |- |ROSS||Jessie Elizabeth||1930||East St., Nerranderra||Home Duties||Narrendera, Riverina, NSW |- |||||1930|||||| |- |KENLEY||Agnes||1931||Swan Hill||Home Duties||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||George ||1931||Swan Hill||Caretaker||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||Percy James||1931||Swan Hill||Labourer||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |ROSS||William Thomas||1931||Nathalia||Agent||Nathalia, Echuca, Vic. |- |||||1932|||||| |- |KENLEY||Agnes||1934||Swan Hill||Labourer||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |KENLEY||Percy James||1934||Swan Hill||Labourer||Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic. |- |||||1934|||||| |- |KENLEY||Percy James||1935||11 Lara St, South Yarra||Mat maker||South Yarra, Fawkner, Vic. |- |ROSS||David Alexander||1935||Elwin St., Nerranderra||Miller||Narrendera, Riverina, NSW |- |ROSS||Jessie Elizabeth||1935||Elwin St., Nerranderra||Home Duties||Narrendera, Riverina, NSW |- |||||1935|||||| |- |KENLEY||Percy James||1936||41 Mount St, Prahan||Mat maker||Prahran, Fawkner, Vic. |- |ROSS||David Alexander||1936||Elwin St., Nerranderra||Miller||Narrendera, Riverina, NSW |- |ROSS||Edith Christina||1936||Nathalia||Home Duties||Nathalia, Echuca, Vic. |- |ROSS||Edith Christina||1936||Nathalia||Home Duties||Nathalia, Echuca, Vic. |- |ROSS||Jessie Elizabeth||1936||Elwin St., Nerranderra||Home Duties||Narrendera, Riverina, NSW |- |ROSS||William Thomas||1936||Nathalia||Agent||Nathalia, Echuca, Vic. |- |||||1936|||||| |- |KENLEY||Percy James||1937||41 Mount St, Prahan||Mat maker||Prahran, Fawkner, Vic. |- |ROSS||David Alexander||1937||Elwin St., Nerranderra||Miller||Narrendera, Riverina, NSW |- |ROSS||Edith Christina||1937||Nathalia||Home Duties||Nathalia, Indi, Vic. |- |ROSS||Jessie Elizabeth||1937||Elwin St., Nerranderra||Home Duties||Narrendera, Riverina, NSW |- |ROSS||William Thomas||1937||Nathalia||Agent||Nathalia, Indi, Vic. |- |||||1937|||||| |- |KENLEY||Catherine||1939||7 Keith St, Pt Pirie||Home Duties||Port Pirie, Grey, SA |- |KENLEY||George Henry||1939||7 Keith St, Pt Pirie||Enginedriver||Port Pirie, Grey, SA |- |WARD||Ethel Jane||1939||60 Selth St, Albert Park||Home Duties||Albert Park, Hindmarsh, SA |- |WARD||William Francis||1939||69 Selth St, Albert Park||Labourer||Albert Park, Hindmarsh, SA |- |||||1939|||||| |- |KENLEY||Catherine||1941||7 Keith St, Pt Pirie||Home Duties||Port Pirie, Grey, SA |- |KENLEY||George Henry||1941||7 Keith St, Pt Pirie||Enginedriver||Port Pirie, Grey, SA |- |WARD||Ethel Jane||1941||60 Selth St, Albert Park||Home Duties||Albert Park, Hindmarsh, SA |- |WARD||William Francis||1941||69 Selth St, Albert Park||Labourer||Albert Park, Hindmarsh, SA |- |||||1941|||||| |- |ROSS||Edith Christina||1942||Nathalia||Home Duties||Nathalia, Indi, Vic. |- |ROSS||William Thomas||1942||Nathalia||Agent||Nathalia, Indi, Vic. |- |||||1942|||||| |- |KENLEY||Catherine||1943||7 Keith St, Pt Pirie||Home Duties||Port Pirie, Grey, SA |- |KENLEY||George Henry||1943||7 Keith St, Pt Pirie||Enginedriver||Port Pirie, Grey, SA |- |KENLEY||Percy James||1943||41 Mount St, Prahan||Mat maker||Prahran, Fawkner, Vic. |- |ROSS||David Alexander||1943||Crescent St., Nerranderra||Miller||Narrendera, Riverina, NSW |- |ROSS||Jessie Elizabeth||1943||Crescent St., Nerranderra||Home Duties||Narrendera, Riverina, NSW |- |WARD||Ethel Jane||1943||60 Selth St, Albert Park||Home Duties||Albert Park, Hindmarsh, SA |- |WARD||William Francis||1943||69 Selth St, Albert Park||Labourer||Albert Park, Hindmarsh, SA |- |||||1943|||||| |- |KENLEY||Percy James||1949||Crescent St., Nerranderra||||Narrendera, Riverina, NSW |- |ROSS||David Alexander||1949||Crescent St., Nerranderra||Miller||Narrendera, Riverina, NSW |- |ROSS||Edith Christina||1949||Nathalia||Home Duties||Nathalia, Murray, Vic. |- |ROSS||Jessie Elizabeth||1949||Crescent St., Nerranderra||Home Duties||Narrendera, Riverina, NSW |- |ROSS||William Thomas||1949||Nathalia||Agent||Nathalia, Murray, Vic. |- |||||1949|||||| |- |KENLEY||Percy James||1954||Crescent St., Nerranderra||no occupation||Narrendera, Riverina, NSW |- |ROSS||David Alexander||1954||Crescent St.,Nerrandera||Miller||Narrendera, Riverina, NSW |- |ROSS||Edith Christina||1954||Nathalia||Home Duties||Nathalia, Murray, Vic. |- |ROSS||Jessie Elizabeth||1954||Crescent St., Nerranderra||Home Duties||Narrendera, Riverina, NSW |- |ROSS||William Thomas||1954||Nathalia||Agent||Nathalia, Murray, Vic. |- |||||1954|||||| |- |KENLEY||Percy James||1958||4 Crescent St.,Nerrandera||no occupation||Narrendera, Riverina, NSW |- |ROSS||David Alexander||1958||Crescent St.,Nerrandera||Miller||Narrendera, Riverina, NSW |- |ROSS||Jessie Elizabeth||1958||Crescent St., Nerranderra||Home Duties||Narrendera, Riverina, NSW |- |||||1958|||||| |- |ROSS||Edith Christina||1963||Nathalia||Home Duties||Nathalia, Murray, Vic. |- |ROSS||Jessie Elizabeth||1963||Crescent St., Nerranderra||Home Duties||Narrendera, Riverina, NSW |- |||||1963|||||| |- |ROSS||Edith Christina||1967||Nathalia||Home Duties||Nathalia, Murray, Vic. |- |||||1967|||||| |- |ROSS||Edith Christina||1968||Nathalia||Home Duties||Nathalia, Murray, Vic. |- |||||1968|||||| |- |ROSS||Edith Christina||1972||Nathalia||Home Duties||Nathalia, Murray, Vic. |- |ROSS||Jessie Elizabeth||1972||15 Crosbie St, Fairfield||Home Duties||Fairfield, Prospect, NSW |- |||||1972|||||| |- |ROSS||Edith Christina||1977||32 Veidt St, Nathalia||Home Duties||Nathalia, Murray, Vic. |- |ROSS||Jessie Elizabeth||1977||15 Crosbie St, Fairfield||Home Duties||Fairfield, Prospect, NSW |- |||||1977|||||| |- |ROSS||Jessie Elizabeth||1980||15 Crosbie Cres, Fairfield||Home Duties||Fairfield, Prospect, NSW |- |||||1980|||||| |} ==Notes== 1. If you do a sort, then to return to the original view close the page and reopen it. 2. A blank line separates each year in the original view to make it easier to view the data. ==Sources== Source Information
Ancestry.com. Australia, Electoral Rolls, 1903-1980 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010.
Original data: Australian Electoral Commission. {Rolls: Electoral Place: Albert Park, Hindmarsh, SA, 1939, 1941, 1943; Fairfield, Prospect, NSW, 1972, 1977, 1980; Narrendera, Riverina, NSW, 1930, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1943, 1949, 1954, 1958, 1963 ; Nathalia, Echuca, Vic., 1928, 1931, 1936; Nathalia, Indi, Vic., 1937, 1942; Nathalia, Murray, Vic., 1949, 1954, 1963, 1968, 1972, 1977; Port Pirie, Grey, SA, 1939, 1941, 1943; Prahran, Fawkner, Vic., 1936, 1937, 1943;Richmond North, Yarra, Vic, 1909; South Yarra, Fawkner, Vic., 1935; Swan Hill, Wimmera, Vic, 1903, 1906, 1908, 1909, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1916, 1917, 1919, 1924, 1921, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1931, 1934 }

'''Collection site for photos, certificates and documents for George Kerrigan'''

[[Firestone-207|George Lee Firestone (abt.1831-1873)]]
[[Gaddis-659|Martha A. (Gaddis) Firestone (1837-1896)]] :[[Firestone-357|Melissa Harriet Firestone (1857-1941)]]; :[[Firestone-358|Alice Firestone (1859-1887)]]; :[[Firestone-359|Clara Belle Firestone (1862-1902)]]; :[[Firestone-360|William C. Firestone (abt.1865-1893)]]; :[[Firestone-361|Harry Beecher Firestone (1868-1961)]]; :[[Firestone-362|Lily May Firestone (1871-1900)]] ----- ==Martha Shoup, FGS 10 == Martha Shoup, George Lee Firestone--Martha A. Gaddis FGS (Chart No. 10) in Shoup to GJ, correspondence of 1998 held by GJ as Shoup Collection_FGS.pdf. Husband's full name: '''George Lee Firestone'''
Marriage: 18-8-1857 [18 August 1857], Wayne County, Ohio
Death: 7-5-1873 [7 May 1873]. Wayne County, Ohio
Occupation: Farmer
His father: George W. Firestone; Mother's maiden name: Rebecca Karl
Wife's full maiden name: '''Martha A. Gaddis'''
Birth: 1837, Ohio
Death: 1896, age 59
Burial: 10-8-1896 [10 August 1896], Fairlawn Cemetery, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Co., OK; block 2, row 15, grave 3
Her father: Abner Gaddis (alias Abner Landes); Mother's maiden name: Martha Byal
Children: 1. '''Harriet Melissa Firestone''' :Birth: 11-12-1858 [11 December 1858], OhioResearch variances: 1900 U.S. census has Harriet's birth December 1857; tombstone has her birth 1857. :Marriage: 19-12-1882 [19 December 1882], East Union, Ohio :Death: 22-10-1941 [22 October 1941], Larned, Pawnee County, Kans. :Burial: 24-10-1941 [24 October 1941], Cimarron, Gray County, Kans. :Full name of Spouse: '''Jacob Quimby Shoup''' 2. '''Alice Firestone''' :Birth: 1860, Ohio :Marriage: 1-12-1881 [1 December 1881], Wayne County, Ohio :Full name of Spouse: '''Elmer Ellsworth "E. E." Chaffin''' 3. '''Clara Belle Firestone''' :Birth 1862, Ohio :Death: 1902, Cimarron, Kansas :Burial: Shoup Plot, Cimarron Cem., KS 4. '''Willis Firestone''' :Birth: 1865 5. '''Harry Beacher "Hod" Firestone''' :Birth: 6-7-1868 [6 July 1868], Applecreek, Wayne Cty, Ohio :Marriage: 15-2-1894 [15 February 1894] :Death: 2-2-1961 [2 February 1961], Garden City, Finney Cty, Kansas :Burial: Cimarron, Gray County, Kansas :Full name of Spouse: '''Nettie May Hiatt''' 6. '''Lily May Firestone''' :Birth: 13-5-1871 [13 May 1871], Wayne County, Ohio :Death: 9-3-1900 [9 March 1900], Oklahoma City, Ok :Burial: 11-3-1900 [11 March 1900], Fairlawn Cemetery, OK Cty, OK; block 2, row 39, grave __ ==George L. Firestone Probate== George L. Firestone estate, case 4285, Wayne County (Ohio) Estate papers; digital images, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-89GG-4HJJ?i=448&cat=700648 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 1984151, Digital Collection 7639487, images [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-89GG-4HJJ?i=448&cat=700648 449]-[https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-89GG-4CT9?i=621&cat=700648 622] of 6464 :image 521 - Receipt, "Pants & Hose (for Funeral)" :image 569 - Receipt, "Coffin & c." :image 579 - adv. in Wooster Republican, "1.50 fr Firestone Sale Bills." :image 583-584 -- Answer of the Guardian ad litem, E. W. NewKirk. ("Willis Firestone, Hary Firestone and May Firestone minor defendants ... of tender years ..." :image 587-589 -- Petition :image 591-594 -- Legal Notice :image 595- 599 -- Petition (also see names on 598, Martha Firestone, Clara B. Firestone, Alice E. Chaffin and E. E. Chaffin) :image 601 -- listing of some items left (no appraisal), includes sewing machine, spinning wheel and looms (all struck through); also lists "The Family Bible" as well as Family Pictures ... School Books and other "Books kept and used as part of the Family Library. :image 605 ++ -- inventory, etc. :image 614 -- Petition. Incl. listing of legal heirs, re note due Alexander Ramsey estate. :image 620-621 -- list of notes payable ==Willis C., Harry, May Firestone Guardianship== Willis C., Harry and May Firestone guardianship, case 6264, Wayne County (Ohio) Estate papers; digital images, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-89GG-4HJJ?i=448&cat=700648 ''FamilySearch''], FHL film 1992995, Digital Collection 5867954, images [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9QG-VS5?i=378&cc=1992421&cat=700648 379]-[https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G9QG-V7T?i=405&wc=S2CJ-BZ7%3A266461501%2C268126001&cc=1992421 406] of 2950, courtesy of James Blodgett. ==Research Notes== == Sources == :See also-- *Martha Shoup, George Lee Firestone--Martha A. Gaddis FGS (Chart No. 10) in Shoup to GJ, correspondence of 1998 held by GJ as Shoup Collection_FGS.pdf. *[[Knight-23096|G. F. Knight]], Canton, Ohio, to [[Firestone-359|Clara Firestone]], Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, letter of 5 May 1900 regarding death of "your Uncle [[Firestone-347|Solomon Firestone]]," 5 pp; Family Collection of Martha Shoup, Martha Shoup to GJ, 1998, scanned as img779.jpg-img783.jpg; digital images, [https://archive.org/details/knight-to-firestone-1900-letter/Knight%20to%20Firestone%201900-pg%200.png ''InternetArchive'']. *Denny Shirer, "George Lee Firestone," person page 22102; web content, [http://freepages.rootsweb.com/~mysong/genealogy/p22012.htm ''Shirer Family Genealogical Project''], sources include census, marriage and death records. *[https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MX7D-4B1/ United States Census, 1850]

Will transcribed from April 22, 1820, Stark County, Ohio. Hans Jurg Meckendorfer McInturf [[Meckendörfer-3|George Meckendörfer]], (1746-1821). Children:
George McEnterfer, Jr. [[McEnterfer-10 | George McEnterfer, Jr.]]
Johannes McEnterfer [[McEnterfer-2 | Johannes McEnterfer]]
Maria Susannah McEnterfer [[McEnterfer-11 | Maria Susannah McEnterfer]]
Maria Catharina McEnterfer [[McEnterfer-12 | Maria Catharina McEnterfer]]
Jacob McEnterfer [[McEnterfer-12 | Jacob McEnterfer]]
Wilhelm McEnterfer [[McEnterfer-14 | Wilhelm McEnterfer]]
Anna Maria McEnterfer [[McEnterfer-15 | Anna Maria McEnterfer]]
Susannah Christina Livingston formerly Muckendorffer [[Muckendorffer-1 | Susanna Christina Livingston Muckendorffer]]
Johannes Christian McEnterfer [[McEnterfer-16 | Johannes Christian McEnterfer]] Grandchild:
George Samuel Firestone [[Firestone-323 | George Samuel Firestone]] "Ohio Probate Records, 1789-1996," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G9Q2-F96B-F?cc=1992421&wc=S2CJ-823%3A266357001%2C266664301 : 1 July 2014), Stark > Wills 1811-1850 vol A-B > image 53 of 555; county courthouses, Ohio. In the name of God Amen. I George Maceuterfer of Stark County Ohio considering the uncertainty of this mortal life and being of sound and perfect mind and memory Blessed be the Almighty God for the same do make and publish this my Last Will and Testament in manner and form following that is to say first I will and order that my estate real and personal -- be divided among my chlldren as follows to-wit. After paying my just debts and funeral expenses etc. all my children or their heirs to have the estate equally except my daughters or their children who are to receive forty dollars less than my sons that is to say my son John Macautefer, William Macautefer, Jacob Maceuterfer, Christian Macautefer and the heirs of George Macautefer Jr. to receive equal or alike portions my daughters Susana Seiner, Mary Bair the children of Catharine Hidigh and the children of Christina Livingston to receive equal and alike portions and each forty dollars less than each of the sons portions. It is to be expressly understood that the heirs of children of the above named George Maceutefer Jr., Catherine Hidigh, and Christina Livingston are to have the portion only that their parents would have been entitled wase they alife and the oldest son of the said Christina Livingston (George Firestone) shall receive an equal pro portion with her other children. I also will and order that my executors on the receipt of payment of such land as I have sold or such as may become necessary for them to sell shall execute deeds of conveyance for the same to the person or persons entitled thereto. It is further to be understood that the Book Account against the above named heirs is to be considered as part of my estate. I also appoint my son John Macauterfer and John Augustine executors of this my Last Will and Testament hereby revoking all former wills by me made. In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal this twenty-second day of April in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and twenty. Signed sealed published and declared by the above named George Maceuterfer to be his last will and testament in the presence of us who have hereunto subscribe our names as witnesses in the presence of the testator,
John Augustine
Samuel Dewese
Jasper Daniel
his
GEORGE (M) MACEUTERFER (Seal)
Mark

These are links to marriage registry entries for the George Dutch Reformed Church in South Africa from 1811 to 1971, kept on FamilySearch. For similar pages of other Parishes see [[Space:South_African_Quick_Links|South African Quick Links]] Beware, some of these record sets are not in strict chronological order. They are typically grouped in separate sequences of even and odd numbered pages. [https://www.familysearch.org/search/film/008148287?i=81&cat=959223 '''1811-1813''' (G7/8/1 Part 2)] - Under Swellendam, but ''Uit het District George'' :
[https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-3QT5-N?i=81&cat=959223 1811, 1812], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-3QTL-P?i=84&cat=959223 1813] ''List of names (X with Y)''
[https://www.familysearch.org/search/film/008017957?cat=959223;i=90 '''1813-1864''' (G9/5/1)]
[https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SH7-M?i=92&cat=959223 1813.4] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SHW-7?i=94&cat=959223 1814] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWT-7?i=95&cat=959223 1815] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SW5-2?i=99&cat=959223 1816] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWR-2?i=101&cat=959223 1817] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SW5-G?i=102&cat=959223 1818] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SH3-L?i=104&cat=959223 1819] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SW5-1?i=106&cat=959223 1820] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SW5-H?i=109&cat=959223 1821] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWR-1?i=113&cat=959223 1822] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWP-V?i=115&cat=959223 1823] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWP-P?i=118&cat=959223 1824] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWP-F?i=119&cat=959223 1825] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SHS-R?i=120&cat=959223 1826] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SHS-D?i=121&cat=959223 1827 1828] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SHS-Y?i=124&cat=959223 1829] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SHS-V?i=126&cat=959223 1830] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SHS-B?i=127&cat=959223 1831] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWG-G?i=131&cat=959223 1832] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SH9-T?i=133&cat=959223 1833] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SH9-R?i=134&cat=959223 1834] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWG-Y?i=136&cat=959223 1835] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWP-5?i=137&cat=959223 1836] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SH9-K?i=138&cat=959223 1837] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SH9-F?i=140&cat=959223 1838] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWP-M?i=141&cat=959223 1839] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWP-N?i=142&cat=959223 1840] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SHS-9?i=143&cat=959223 1841] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWP-7?i=145&cat=959223 1842] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SHM-G?i=146&cat=959223 1843] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWG-H?i=147&cat=959223 1844] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SH9-P?i=148&cat=959223 1845] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SHS-Z?i=150&cat=959223 1846 1847] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SHS-Q?i=151&cat=959223 1848] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWG-D?i=152&cat=959223 1849] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SH9-6?i=153&cat=959223 1850] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWG-J?i=154&cat=959223 1851] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWG-N?i=155&cat=959223 1852] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWG-K?i=156&cat=959223 1853] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWG-6?i=157&cat=959223 1854 1855] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SHM-1?i=158&cat=959223 1856] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWG-R?i=159&cat=959223 1857] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWG-X?i=160&cat=959223 1858] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWG-Z?i=161&cat=959223 1859 1860] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SHM-6?i=162&cat=959223 1861] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SH9-7?i=163&cat=959223 1862 1863] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SH9-3?i=164&cat=959223 1864] ''Individual records''
[https://www.familysearch.org/search/film/008017957?i=169&cat=959223 '''1839-1843''' (G9/5/2)]: [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWG-8?i=170&cat=959223 1839.6] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWL-C?i=210&cat=959223 1840] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1S42-2?i=275&cat=959223 1841] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWN-T?i=328&cat=959223 1842] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1S4F-6?i=384&cat=959223 1843] ''Single record'': [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1S4X-Z?i=417&cat=959223 1840.3]
[https://www.familysearch.org/search/film/008017957?i=421&cat=959223 '''1843-1845''' (G9/5/3)]: [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWZ-Y?i=422&cat=959223 1843.6] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWZ-9?i=451&cat=959223 1844] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWH-W?i=539&cat=959223 1845]
[https://www.familysearch.org/search/film/008017957?i=584&cat=959223 '''1845-1850''' (G9/5/4)]: [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1S4Q-L?i=585&cat=959223 1845.9] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SW7-G?i=606&cat=959223 1846] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1S43-3?i=655&cat=959223 1847] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWM-J?i=704&cat=959223 1848] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SHW-B?i=765&cat=959223 1849] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SH8-5?i=811&cat=959223 1850]
[https://www.familysearch.org/search/film/008017957?i=841&cat=959223 '''1850-1855''' (G9/5/5 Part 1)]: [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SH7-X?i=842&cat=959223 1850.5] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SW5-S?i=876&cat=959223 1851] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SWL-1?i=933&cat=959223 1852] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1SW2-R?i=969&cat=959223 1853] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1S4G-R?i=1015&cat=959223 1854] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSX8-1S42-N?i=1052&cat=959223 1855]
[https://www.familysearch.org/search/film/008121102?i=5&cat=959223 '''1855-1856''' (G9/5/5 Part 2)]: [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-838L-9?i=7&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1855.9] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-838J-N?i=23&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1856] ''Beware: in this film pages are randomly out of order. Below is an attempt to place them in order. The notation '''1868.4-7''' means April to July of 1868, while '''1869.5.31''' means the single day 31 May 1869.''
[https://www.familysearch.org/search/film/008121102?i=53&cc=1478678&cat=959223 '''1860-1872''' (G9/5/6)]
''One side of pages'': [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83CS-8?i=54&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1860] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-838D-2?i=69&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1861] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83CM-8?i=87&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1862] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-838Z-L?i=100&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1863] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83H1-T?i=115&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1864] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-8387-P?i=140&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1865] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83HY-6?i=155&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1866]
''Other side of pages'': [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83H2-K?i=225&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1860] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83H2-3?i=240&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1861] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83ZR-G?i=257&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1862] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83HF-K?i=272&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1863] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83ZJ-G?i=288&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1864] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83Z5-6?i=312&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1865] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83HF-5?i=324&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1866]
''Mixed seq. of pages'': [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83HC-Q?i=336&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1867.1-12], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83HR-S?i=170&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1867.5-8], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83HX-3?i=353&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1868.1-4], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-8383-3?i=188&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1868.4-7], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83HH-2?i=370&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1868.7-12], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83HC-8?i=379&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1869.1-11], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83HG-C?i=212&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1869.5.31] (one page)
''Pages in reverse order'': [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-838S-R?i=169&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1872.2.5] (one page), [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-838Q-8?i=174&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1872.1-1], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-838S-P?i=179&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1871.12-1], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83HZ-R?i=362&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1871.1-1], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83HH-6?i=363&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1870.12-10], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83H5-5?i=196&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1870.9-1], [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83H2-P?i=224&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1869.12-12] [https://www.familysearch.org/search/film/008121102?i=399&cat=959223 '''1872-1884''' (G9/5/7)]: [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83DS-J?i=400&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1872.3] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83Z3-D?i=415&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1873] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83Z8-G?i=443&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1874] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83D4-W?i=471&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1875] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83DQ-Q?i=496&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1876] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83Z6-C?i=522&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1877] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83ZD-B?i=547&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1878] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83Z9-R?i=569&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1879] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83DC-L?i=597&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1880] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-838R-G?i=623&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1881] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-838Y-S?i=654&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1882] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83C2-L?i=674&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1883] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-8385-C?i=690&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1884]
[https://www.familysearch.org/search/film/008121102?i=713&cc=1478678&cat=959223 '''1884-1894''' (G9/5/8)]: [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83CK-9?i=714&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1884.12] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83CD-G?i=716&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1885] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-8385-8?i=745&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1886] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83CW-T?i=776&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1887] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83CW-9?i=790&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1888] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-838N-B?i=807&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1889] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83CS-9?i=830&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1890] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83CS-D?i=856&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1891] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-8384-1?i=878&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1892] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83HB-W?i=898&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1893] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-838Q-V?i=924&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1894]
[https://www.familysearch.org/search/film/008121102?i=966&cc=1478678&cat=959223 '''1894-1919''' (G9/5/9 Part 1)]: ''One side'': [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-8389-Y?i=967&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1894.10] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83HP-2?i=971&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1895] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83Z1-Q?i=982&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1896] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83HL-J?i=994&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1897] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83ZG-C?i=1012&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1898] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83HV-9?i=1031&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1899] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83HV-P?i=1048&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1900] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSV8-83ZR-D?i=1063&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1901]
[https://www.familysearch.org/search/film/008148232?i=5&cat=959223 '''1894-1919''' (G9/5/9 Part 2)]: ''One side'': [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9N9-Y?i=7&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1901.12] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9NH-1?i=10&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1902] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9N6-B?i=30&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1903] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9NH-D?i=50&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1904] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9KF-1?i=69&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1905] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9FT-8?i=83&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1906] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9KX-M?i=100&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1907] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9KD-8?i=121&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1908] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9K8-N?i=136&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1909] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9FZ-F?i=148&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1910] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9F4-3?i=165&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1911] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9KS-D?i=182&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1912] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9K7-5?i=201&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1913] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9V1-K?i=220&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1914] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9XV-R?i=235&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1915] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9V1-6?i=253&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1916] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9VL-5?i=265&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1917] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9XD-2?i=283&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1918] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9X9-D?i=304&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1919]
''Other side'': [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9XS-D?i=314&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1894.10] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9X4-X?i=317&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1895] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9XQ-F?i=328&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1896] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S96Y-Y?i=341&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1897] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9X9-3?i=360&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1898] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9VQ-6?i=379&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1899] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9V3-Q?i=397&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1900] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9JT-8?i=410&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1901] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S96G-D?i=428&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1902] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9JK-H?i=451&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1903] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S96K-P?i=471&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1904] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9JJ-W?i=491&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1905] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S96V-J?i=507&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1906] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9JW-S?i=528&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1907] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S96X-F?i=549&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1908] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S96N-S?i=567&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1909] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S96N-M?i=587&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1910] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9JM-M?i=604&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1911] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S96X-7?i=621&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1912] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9J4-Y?i=635&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1913] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9NL-C?i=654&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1914] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9JW-P?i=669&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1915] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9NL-R?i=688&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1916] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9K6-K?i=698&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1917] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9FR-Q?i=714&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1918] [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-S9KX-8?i=734&cc=1478678&cat=959223 1919] [https://www.familysearch.org/search/film/008148232?cat=959223;i=748 '''1919-1928''' (G9/5/10 Part 1)]
[https://www.familysearch.org/search/film/008148233?cat=959223;i=3 '''1919-1928''' (G9/5/10 Part 2)]
[https://www.familysearch.org/search/film/008148233?cat=959223;i=138 '''1928-1935''' (G9/5/11)]
[https://www.familysearch.org/search/film/008148233?cat=959223;i=551 '''1935-1940''' (G9/5/12)]
[https://www.familysearch.org/search/film/008148233?cat=959223;i=1002 '''1940-1944''' (G9/5/13 Part 1)]
[https://www.familysearch.org/search/film/008148234?cat=959223;i=4 '''1940-1944''' (G9/5/13 Part 2)]
[https://www.familysearch.org/search/film/008148234?cat=959223;i=193 '''1944-1948''' (G9/5/14)]
[https://www.familysearch.org/search/film/008148234?cat=959223;i=601 '''1948-1952''' (G9/5/15)]
[https://www.familysearch.org/search/film/008148234?cat=959223;i=911 '''1952-1955''' (G9/5/16)]
[https://www.familysearch.org/search/film/004201267?cat=2357488;i=3 '''1956-1971''' (xxx)] ==Sources== * https://southafrica.mypeoplepuzzle.net/NGK_Cape.html#G9

== Research Notes== Refers to :[[Nicholas-65|George Nicholas]] :https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Freke-60 : ===Summary=== George Nicholas, born in about 1695 and was the son of a Philip Nicholas of Manston. He was condemned to death for forgery but his sentence was commuted. He was transported to Virginia where he practiced as a doctor. George, who adopted the title and role of doctor in Virginia was educated at Trinity College Cambridge but probably had no degree. . He was not the son of Philip Nicholas and Margaret Freke who married in 1651 since Margaret died in 1661 some 34 years before the birth of George. However, this couple had a son named Philip. A Philip Nicholas who died in 1735 mentions in his will property that had formed part of the marriage settlement between Philip Nicholas and Margaret( e.g. Manston Mill) His wife, at the time of his death was named Jane. It is possible that this Philip was the son of Philip and Margaret and hence 'Dr' George Nicholas was their grandson. ( the name Philip was obviously used for a succession of family members. A later Philip Nicholas owned Manston Mill in 1807 Dorchester History centre..Henry Kaines diary (Henry mentioms Philip several times . He acquired the copyhold of the Mill ) ===Details=== :According to Victor Golladay, Dr George Nicholas was a transported felon from Manston, Dorset, England. :His research found that a George Nicholas was found guilty of forgery and the usual sentence of death pronounced. A sucessful petition for clemency from his father resulted in his transportation to Virginia. Victor Golladay, Phd Dissertation, the Nicholas Family of Virginia, 1722-1820, University of Virginia [https://libraetd.lib.virginia.edu/public_view/h702q643x abstract and link to full dissertation] :George Nicholas, living in Stepney, was indicted for 'forging and counterfeiting worth £80'.At his trial it appears that he had become known for being willing and able to carry out a forgery. A man named Barthomew Ward told a John Lindsey that if he could get a banknote, he knew a man who could double it. George Nicholas's technique was to use a chemical solution to erase the amount on the banknote, substituting it for a higher amount. In this case, he changed a bill £11 to one of £80. Nicholas went with Lindsey to pay the bill to a 'Jew in Rotterdam' but the note was refused until he'd contacted the bank. Fearing that the deception would be discovered they returned to England.Ward advised Nicholas to deface the note and retrieve the £11 but Nicholas decided to sell it on for £20. The case record does not tell us how the forgery was eventually detected.Nicholas blamed Ward as the instigator but was found guilty and sentenced to death.Old Bailey Proceedings Online (www.oldbaileyonline.org, version 8.0, 17 August 2019), January 1722, trial of George Nicholas (t17220112-11). : As was frequent in these cases, a petition was immediately initiated by friends and family :Date 17220112 :Surname Nicholas Forename George :Document Type Petition :Location The National Archives :Library/Archive Reference SP 35/30/20. Golladay gives us some details from this petition. This petition was sucessful.Old Bailey Proceedings Online (www.oldbaileyonline.org, version 8.0, 17 August 2019), Ordinary of Newgate's Account, February 1722 (OA17220208). :AT the Sessions held at Justice-Hall in the Old-Bayly, which ended the 17th of January, were Try'd, and Convicted of Capital Offences, five Men, viz. James Shaw, alias Smith, &c. John Smith, William Colthouse, Jonas Burgess and George Nicholas; The last of these receiving His Majesty's Gracious Reprieve, the remaining Four were ordered for Execution agreeable to the Sentence pass'd upon them :Golladay states that the petitioner's father was named Philip Nicholas,from Manston in Dorset. Using a list of Rectors and Patrons from Hutchins History of Dorset, he notes that a Philip Nicholas had the "the right of presentation" or privilege of nominating the parson of the parish". Golladay,'' Nicholas Family of Virginia''His name appears adjacent to that of Rev Groves, instituted in 1716. John Hutchins ''The History and Antiquities of the County of Dorset '' Third edition, corrected, augmented, and improved by William Shipp and James Whitworth Hodson 1861-73 Volume 4 p 77, copy in my possession ~~~~ He also states that George was admitted to Trinity College Cambridge in 1712 ,following in the footsteps of his brother Philip who was admitted in 1706. The Cambridge Alumini data base includes brief details for both. Son's of Philip Nicholas from Manston, they were 17 at admission, both boys had previously attended Sherborne Schoolin Dorset . From this we can deduce that George was born in about 1695 and Philip in 1689. However, neither are reported to have graduated. ACAD A Cambridge Alumni database, University of Cambridge [http://venn.lib.cam.ac.uk/cgi-bin/search-2018.pl?sur=Nicholas&suro=w&fir=George&firo=c&cit=&cito=c&c=all&z=all&tex=&sye=&eye=&col=all&maxcount=50 search result] ====Parents ==== Golladay linked 'Dr' George Nicholas to his father Philip Nicholas but mentions no mother. Some online trees, including [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHXS-XWFFamily Search Family Search LHXS-XWFF Family Search] suggest that his father was Philip Nicholas and mother [[Freke-60|Margaret (Freke) Nicholas]]. This cannot be a correct identification. Margaret was born in about 1631 not 1678 the date at present on the profile. According to both John Hutchin's in his History and Antiquities of Dorset and a genealogy 'started' by her Uncle Ralph Freke , Margaret was the daughter of [[Freke-35|Thomas Freke]] and his wife [[Dodington-9|Mary (Dodington) Freke]], Philip Nicholas and Margaret Frecke were married in February 165/1. Their marriage settlement being signed on Dec 26 1650 and part of the register entry for their marriage is still visible. According to Ralph Freke, they had several children including a son Philip . [ https://www.wikitree.com/photo/png/Freke-35 John Hutchins The History and Antiquities of the County of Dorset Third edition, corrected, augmented, and improved by William Shipp and James Whitworth Hodson 1861-73 Volume 4, p 86 :Margaret baptised at Hinton St Mary, August 4th married there February 26th 1650 Philip Nicholas gent Dorset History Centre; Dorchester, England; Dorset Parish Registers; Reference: PE/HIS:RE1/1 :baptism page in Hinton register now damaged and illegible, marriage partly legible ( Philip Nicholas and date only A pedigree, or genealogye, of the family of the Freke's, begun by R. Freke p5 [https://books.google.ca/books?id=0EpbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PT17&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=2#v=onepage&q&f=false Google books ] :Margaret born at Hinton 1630 married to Mr Philip Nicholas of Manston,issue Elizabeth, John, Katherine, Robert, Philip, Mary National Archives, Kew England : D/PIT/T408 Description: Manston Mill, Mill mead, and parcels including Southfield and Northwood Grove, Stour River fishing rights and quarry rights; marriage settlement of Philip Nicholas of Manston and Margaret Freke of Hinton St Mary (26 Dec 1650), [copy]. (Nicholas, Freke, Dodington, Yonge)[https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/7b340265-adf4-4b21-8f0b-e7d6f06c3254 National Archives Catalogue] It is unlikely that Margaret Freke born in about 1631,married at 20 years of age in 1650 would be the mother of a child born in 1695.Moreover, what appears to be the death of Mrs Margaret Nicholas, is recorded in the register for Manston in 1661 Reference, Dorset History Centre; Dorchester, England; Dorset Parish Registers;Reference: PE/MAN: RE 1/1 Manston Combined Register :1661, Mrs Margaret, ye wife of Mr Phillip Nicholas was buryed August 15th :Note also, Thomas the sonne of Philipp Nicholas gent & Margarer his wife was buryed July 8 1661 Fourteen years later, in November 1675, Mr Philip Nicolas was buried. Dorset History Centre; Dorchester, England; Dorset Parish Registers; Reference: PE/HIS:RE1/1 :Mr Philip Nicholas sen was buryed Novembris 30 Annos Domini -75 (1675) No baptism has been found for Philip (born c 1689) or George (b c 1695) in the registers Dorset History Centre; Dorchester, England; Dorset Parish Registers; Reference: PE/HIS:RE1/1 The first page of this volume has a date of 1614. It starts with an entry for 1620, the pages are then very muddled with pages from the 17th century interleaved with those from the 18th, there are many burials, albeit out of order but few baptisms and marriages. At the end of volume dated as starting 1771, the Rector writes that this book had only 7 leaves and that the rest were found cut out. It would appear that this might have also happened to the earlier volume (s) and what survived was bound together in an haphazard fashion Philip Nicholas and his wife Jane were the parents of Rob' baptised 23 Sept 1702 and Thomas, baptised 7 Sept 1705, buried 15 Feb 1706/7.A Mr Philip Nicholas was buried 30 January 1735/6 and Mrs Jane Nicholas on 26 February 1750/1. Dorset History Centre; Dorchester, England; Dorset Parish Registers; Reference: PE/MAN: RE 4/1 Manston composite register When Philip Nicholas, died in 1735, he left a will. In it his aim is clearly to provide funds for his two unmarried children Robert and Ann and his wife Jane. Some of his land and property was for his wife's use for herself and the maintenance of these unmarried children. Other property was to be sold to pay his debts with anything left over going again to his wife and then these two children. One of the "properties" to be sold was the advowson of the parsonage of Manston, i. e. his right to nominate the parson of the parish. No son George is mentioned. Philip made one striking individual bequest of £50 to a son John who was 'beyond the sea'.John was to receive it 'if living and come home". No other children are mentioned. Dorset History Centre; Reference Number: Ad/Di/W/1735; Event Record Number: 18, Dorchester Archdeaconry, will of Philip Nicholas of Manston see transcript below Note It has not been posssible to ascertain when the advowson was acquired . the Church of England Clergy data base was checked, and Hutchins, Charles 1 was patron in 1627'on a lapse', then there is a gap Philip Nicholas was patron in 1716 when William Grove was instituted as rector It is possible that George Nicholas was the son of Philip Nicholas died 1735. This Philip could in turn be Philip the son of Philip Nicholas and Margaret Freke. The 1735 will names property mentioned in the marriage settlement of Philip Nicholas and Margaret Freke. Jane was his wife at death but it is possible that she was a second or subsequent wife There is an intriguing possibility that George Nicholas had a brother John who also went to the New World. == Sources == ====transcript of will==== :Dorset History Centre; Reference Number: Ad/Di/W/1735; Event Record Number: 18, Dorchester Archdeaconry, will of Philip Nicholas of Manston :Transcribed by Helen M Ford, from image on Ancestry. :In the name of God Amen Philip Nicholas of Manston in the County of Dorset, gent being weak in Body but of good and sound memory (thanks be to God) doe make and ordaine this my last will and tesatment in manner and forme following :Imprimis I bequeathe my soul to God who gave it me and my Body to the Earth to be decently buryed according to the discretion of '''Jane my loving wife''' and sole executrix thereafter named :Item I give unto my said Loveing wife all and singular my plate, linnen and all other my household stuff and goods whatsoever for her use during her life and after her decease for''' my son Robert and daughter Jane''' to be equally divided between them share and share alike if either of them should happen to dye before the division and delivery thereof made then I dispose the whole such goods to the survyver of them And all the rest and residue of my personall estate,goods chattels and debts to me owing and not before given and bequeathed And my '''severall grounds called Northwyed and Northwood coppice and five acres and a half acre and a Bullocks graze in the comon meadow in Manston called Stower Mead which said halfacre is [dexastured] in the mead my me and Peter Walter Esq every other year alternatively valued at two shillings and six pence p’annum and also all those [wares?]corne mills in Manston aforesaid called Manston Mills together with the Millhouse, Malthouse and stable adjoyning the millmead and the flock on the little plot of meadow lying near Hammooone bridge and the lanes called Mill Lanes and other premises belonging to the same''' which said mesuages tenements & lands together with my right title and interest of and in the''' perpetuity of the advowson and right of presentac’on of the Parsonage of Manston '''To that and devise the same unto my loving friends''' my nephew James Harding of Moor in the County of Wiltshire, merchant and William Brewer of Hammoon in the County of Dorset gent''' to them and their heires for ever and doe thereof [ imp__ ] and desire them and their survivers and survivor of them their heires executors or administrators not only to sell the same lands and premises but alsoe all the rest of my p’sonall estate, goods and chatells not before bequeathed to the best advantage they can and dispose of the money that shall be raised by the sale thereof towards the payments of my said debts accordingly And if any overplus shall be of debts to me oweing and money and money made and raised by sale of any said lands and premises, personal estate,goods and chatells more than shall be sufficient to pay off and discharge my said debts (and funerall charges being deducted) that then my said loveing friends James Harding and William Brewer shall pay and deliver the said overplus unto my said loveing wife to whom I give and bequeath the same And as to '''my dwelling house whereon I now dwell and the backside to the water [to] [ ] in common with the said mills now and formely that I occupyed and enjoyed together with the orchard and gardens Banks barns and other outhouses adjoyning and now or late used occupyed of enjoyed therewith also the ground called Millground and adjoyning and Cashmore mead,the old orchard and meadow ground called [Hoppyard?] '''thereunto adjoyning I give and devise the same unto my said loveing wife immediately after my decease during her naturall life she paying and allowing unto my said son and daughter, Robert and Jane in the meantime until such time as either of them marry what she can conveniently spare and allow out of the profitts thereof towards their maintenance and livelyhood or suffer them to live with her at her discretion And after her decease I give and devise the same house, lands and p’mises last mention with the appurtenances unto my son and daughter Robert and Jane to be equally divided beween them and their respective heires for ever. :Item I give unto the said son Robert the use of the malthouse and roomes belonging to it gratis until such time as the said Mills adjoyning shall be sold. I give also unto him all my [rare?] books and manuscripts. :Item I give unto '''my son John who is now beyond sea (if living and come home)''' fifty pounds to be raised out of the sale of the estate first above mentioned and appointed to be sold for payment of my said debts as soon as conveniently it can be raised out of the same. :Item I make and ordaine my loveing friends James Harding and William Brewer executors and trustees of this my last will and testament and doe thereby revoke all former wills and testaments by me in any wise theretofore made and declared. :In witness whereof I have sett my hand and seal this eighteenth day of January in the ninth year of the raigne of our our Soveraigne Lord George the second by the grace of God of great Britain France and Ireland, king, defender of the faith and so forth And in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred thirty five.[ note 1735/6] :Signed and published and ordained by the said testator as his last will & testament in the pre’ence of us whose names are hereunder subscribed as wittnesses and then attested by us I the pr’sence of the said Testator.Robert Edgar, Thomas Gullene ,the mark of Hannah [ ] Mary Searl sevt :24 March 1735/6 :The will of Philip Nicholas late of Manston in the County of Dorset deceased was proved by the oath of William Brewer one of the executors and trustees above named to whom administration of all and singular the goods,chattels and credits of the said deceased was granted, he being first sworn to administer the same according to law (the like power asls reserved for James Harding the other executor) Before me Thos Riley (surr)

'''OWEN, GEORGE (c. 1552 - 1613)''' historian, antiquary, and genealogisthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Owen_of_Henllys Born c. 1552 at Henllys, in the parish of Nevern, north Pembrokeshire, the eldest son of [https://biography.wales/article/s-OWEN-WIL-1486 William Owen (c. 1486 - 1574)], a successful lawyer who purchased the barony of Cemais of John Tuchet, lord Audley, in 1543, and became [https://biography.wales/article/s-OWEN-WIL-1486 lord of Cemais].

George Owen's mother was Elizabeth, daughter of Sir George Herbert of Swansea, brother to [https://biography.wales/article/s-HERB-PEN-1501 William, first earl of Pembroke of the Herbert line (second creation)].

He completed his formal education at Barnard's Inn where he was admitted in 1573 but soon afterwards he took up residence at his ancestral home at Henllys and became the most influential squire in north Pembrokeshire.

He married (1), 1571, Elizabeth, daughter and co-heiress of [https://biography.wales/article/s-PHIL-PIC-1491 William Philipps] of Picton, by whom he had eleven children, the eldest son being Alban Owen (died 1658) who succeeded his father as lord of Cemais and sheriff of Pembrokeshire in 1620 and 1643, and (2), Ancred, daughter of William Obiled, of Carmarthen, who bore him seven natural children, and five after marriage. Two of his natural sons by his second wife achieved a measure of fame — George Owen, ‘York Herald’ — see D.N.B. and Evan Owen (1599 - 1562), chancellor of S. Davids (1644 - 1662).

George Owen's life was much troubled by a succession of lawsuits with his enemies in the county, chief among whom were [https://biography.wales/article/s-PERR-HAR-1530 Sir John Perrott] and William Warren of Tre-wern. He and his mother were involved in much litigation over their claims to manorial franchises in the lordship of Cemais. He took a prominent part in public affairs and served as sheriff of Pembrokeshire in 1587 and 1602. As deputy vice-admiral for the counties of Pembroke and Cardigan, deputy-lieutenant, and justice of the peace over a number of years, he was active in the affairs of the militia and strove to persuade the authorities to fortify Milford Haven in face of the persistent fears of a Spanish invasion.

He was one of the commissioners appointed by the crown to survey Sir John Perrott's property on the latter's attainder in 1592. He died 26 August 1613, and lies buried at Nevern.

George Owen, was deeply influenced by the great awakening of interest in history and antiquities which marked the age of Elizabeth in Wales as well as England. Not only was he a student of the work of [https://biography.wales/article/s12-LLWY-HUM-1527#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0&manifest=https%3A%2F%2Fdamsssl.llgc.org.uk%2Fiiif%2F2.0%2F4702635%2Fmanifest.json&xywh=650%2C596%2C2350%2C1934 Humphrey Llwyd], [https://biography.wales/article/s-POWE-DAV-1540 David Powel], [https://biography.wales/article/s-PRIC-JOH-1502#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=2&manifest=https%3A%2F%2Fdamsssl.llgc.org.uk%2Fiiif%2F2.0%2F4623635%2Fmanifest.json&xywh=-21%2C465%2C1962%2C1615 Sir John Price], and their contemporaries in England, but he was on familiar terms with William Camden, whom he helped, [https://biography.wales/article/s-DWNN-LEW-1550 Lewys Dwnn], [https://biography.wales/article/s-JONE-THO-1530 Thomas Jones] (‘Twm Sion Cati’), and other antiquaries and genealogists of his day. He was the centre of a small group of writers in Pembrokeshire which included [https://biography.wales/article/s-HARR-OWE-1553 George Owen Harry], [https://biography.wales/article/s-HOLL-ROB-1556 Robert Holland], and [https://biography.wales/article/s-GRIF-WIL-1584 George William Griffith], and he gave his patronage and the hospitality of Henllys to many of the Welsh bards of the period.

His most important work is ‘The Description of Penbrockshire’ which appears to owe something of its design to Richard Carew's Survey of Cornwall (1602). The ‘First Booke,’ a general history of the county, was completed on 18 May 1603; only a fragment of the ‘Second Booke’ (published in N.L.W. Jnl., v), a detailed history of the county parish by parish, has survived and it is doubtful whether Owen ever completed his ambitious scheme. He had already written ‘A Dialogue of the present Government of Wales’ in 1594.

Other works of his are ‘A Treatise of Lordshipps Marchers in Wales,’ ‘The Number of the Hundreds, Castells, Parish Churches and ffayres…in all the Shiers of Wales’ (1602), which is commonly known as the ‘Description of Wales,’ a fragment called ‘A Cataloge and Genelogie of the Lordes of the Baronye of Kemes, Lordes of Kemes,’ ‘Prooffes that the Lordship of Kemes is a Lordshippe Marcher’ (in ‘Baronia de Kemeys’ in Archæologia Cambrensis, supplement, 1862), ‘Pembrock and Kemes’ (partly published), and several tracts on the barony of Cemais, ‘A Pamphelett conteigninge the description of Milford havon,’ … 1595, and other writings on the same subject. There is a transcript of the ‘Treatise of Marie’ (1599) in the ‘Vairdre Book’ in N.L.W. (Bronwydd collection). He also compiled a commonplace book called ‘The Taylors Cussion’ (ed. E. M. Prichard, 1906).

A miscellaneous collection of his antiquarian notes and historical records of Cemais known as the ‘Vairdre Book’ as well as the ‘Register Book of Kemes’ (published in Archæologia Cambrensis, supplement, 1862) were made under his direction. Owen was an able and industrious genealogist and armorialist who came under the influence of the College of Arms, but most of his work in this field remains in manuscript (see The Transactions of the Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion, 1948, 378-82). He also produced a map (1602) of Pembrokeshire which Camden included in the sixth edition of the Britannia (1607).{{Image|file=George_Owen_of_Henllys.png |align=c |size=l |caption='''Preface to Owen's Unpublished Book of Pedigrees'''}}Author Dr Bertie George Charles, (1908 - 2000) Published date: 1959
Sources:

Owen, A calendar of the public records relating to Pembrokeshire (1911-18) (ed. Henry Owen in Cymmrodorion Record Series, i), where unless otherwise stated, all the works of George Owen named above are published;
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography;
The National Library of Wales Journal, i, 226-7; ii, 43-5; v, 265-85;
Cartae Baroniae de Kemes (1841) (Middle Hill Press, 1841);
Archaeologia Cambrensis, 1862 (14-8,226-7), 1867 (132-5);
Bronwydd Manuscripts at the National Library of Wales in N.L.W.

Further Reading:

[https://viaf.org/viaf/9948768/ VIAF: 9948768]
[https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5543081 Wikidata: Q5543081]
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Owen_of_Henllys George Owen of Henllys]
Parent: Elisabeth Owen (née Herbert)
Parent: William Owen
Date of birth: c. 1552
Date of death: 1613
Spouse: Ancred Owen (née Obiled)
Spouse: Elisabeth Owen (née Philipps)
Child: Ursula Mathias (née Owen)
Child: Alban Owen
Child: Evan Owen
Child: George Owen
Area of activity: History and Culture; Literature and Writing; Scholarship and Languages

George's death notice in the Cardiff Times of 23 October 1858 states that he “served in the cavalry under Lord Cawdor”. Cawdor’s troop of Castlemartin Yeoman Cavalry was originally raised from his friends and tenants in July 1794, very much by invitation rather than enlistment. A return exists listing these 50 men - three of whom were named Hitchings (one being John Hitchings - probably Perrott’s uncle). For the most part they were men of substance, in their middle years (not young blades) and the troop that turned out in 1797 will have been almost identical in membership to that recorded three years earlier. It's rather doubtful George would have been among their number despite the 'cavalry' reference. In later years there were 3 Castlemartin troops for which membership was more broadly based and “enlistment" best describes their recruitment practices at that time. {{Image|file=My_Perrott_Family_Data-51.jpg |align=l |size=400 |caption='''Return of HM Forces at Fishguard 1797''' }}When Cawdor received instructions to march north to engage the French he and his troop had already, by coincidence, assembled in Pembroke to attend a funeral. They were joined at Pembroke Ferry by the Pembroke Volunteers, an infantry unit (120 at full strength but reduced to 93 on the day) under the command of James Ackland of Llanion.

When George saw service in 1797 it likely would have been as a member of this unit (also formed in 1794) which served under Cawdor’s overall command. By 1797 he was most probably living in Pembroke so his membership of Ackland’s company would make geographical sense.

Another possibility is that he was one of the many who flocked into Haverfordwest seeking involvement in the county’s defence, were quickly embodied as the Loyal Haverfordwest Volunteers, and (300-strong) marched to Fishguard (about a day after Cawdor’s main column).

Of course, we shall never know for sure!

[[Phillips-20280|George Phillips]] and his brother [[Phillips-21277|Edward Phillips]] were Earthenware Manufacturers in Longport, Staffordshire from 1822 - 1834. Edward died tragically in 1831 but the business continued as Edward & George Phillips until June 1834 when the local newspaper announced the formal ending of the partnership which had continued with Edward’s widow. George continued the pottery works alone from 1834 - 1847. In 1847 George succumbed to his diabetes and passed, the business closed. In early 1848 his factory and house were auctioned, followed by the sale of his utensils and engravings”suitable for the American trade”. This space is dedicated to their works, this collection is owned by Karen Phillips, George’s 3rd Great Grand-daughter. See Also: https://www.transcollectorsclub.org/bulletin_previews/articles/09Winter-Longport.pdf http://printedbritishpotteryandporcelain.com/who-made-it/phillips-maker http://nancysdailydish.blogspot.com.au/search/label/George%20%26%20Edward%20Phillips

Photographs of members of the Rawlins/Rollins and George families, as well as documents and photographs pertaining to related family members. Syntax: * ''[[Space:George Photos|George Family Photoraphs]], [name of page]

Note: This will and probate are typed in the source document, except for ''italicized'' text which is handwritten. The following individuals are mentioned in the will and/or probate: * [[Mountain-171|George Pinn Mountain (1838-1921)]] * [[Mountain-216|Walter Clapham Mountain (abt.1864-abt.1930)]] * [[Clapham-342|Hannah Elizabeth (Clapham) Mountain (1844-1935)]] * H. Martin - barrister solicitor (witness) * C.F. Baker - storekeeper (witness) * Alfred Z. Bennett - solicitor * R.W. Schwann - Deputy Registrar * Thomas Walter Stringer Esquire - judge == Will Transcript == THIS IS THE LAST WILL AND TESTAMENT of me ....
GEORGE PINN MOUNTAIN of Purerua, Bay of Islands in the
Dominion of New Zealand Settler I REVOKE all former ..
Wills by me made I DIRECT that my just debts funeral ..
amd testamentary expenses be paid as soon as convenient
ly may be after my decease W H E R E A S I am the regis-
tered proprietor of all that piece of land situate in..
Bay of Islands formerly described as Runn Number 28 Blocks
V and IX Kerikeri Survey District and of which I have ..
recently acquired the freehold AND WHEREAS I am indebted
to my son Walter Clapham Mountain in the sum of Eight..
thousand pounds moneys advanced by the said Walter Clap-
ham Mountain to me in developing and improving such lands
and in purchasing the freehold thereof and interest on ..
such advances now I hereby GIVE AND BEQUEATH the said ...
lands to the said Walter Clapham Mountain provided that..
the said Walter Clapham Mountain releases my said estate
from the said sum of Eight thousand pounds and any inter-
est thereon from the date of this my Will owing by me to
the said Walter Clapham Mountain at the date of my decease
AS TO THE REST RESIDUE AND REMAINDER of my estate ..
both real and personal I GIVE DEVISE AND BEQUEATH the ...
same unto my wife HANNAH ELIZABETH MOUNTAIN absolutely
-- next page --
AND I APPOINT the said Hannah Elizabeth Mountain ....
Sole Executrix of this my Will HEREBY REVOKING all ...
former or other Wills by me made. IN WITNESS WHEREOF I have hereunto subscribed my
name this ''twentieth'' day of ''May'' One thousand
nine hundred and twenty. SIGNED by the Testator the said .. ..)
GEORGE PINN MOUNTAIN as and for .. ..)
his last Will and Testament in the ..)
presence of us both being present.. ..)
at the same time who at his request ..)
in his presence and in the presence ..)
of each other have heteunto subscribed)
our names as witnesses................) ''Signature of George Penn Mountain'' ''HMartin''
''Barrister Solicitor retired from practice''
''Russell.'' ''C.F. Baker''
''Storekeeper''
''Russell'' == Probate Transcript == The following was written at the top of the Will: '' " "A"
This is the will marked "A" mentioned and referred to in''
''the affidavit of Hannah Elizabeth Mountain and''
''produced to me at the taking of such affidavit sworn this 17th day of October 1921''
''Before me''
''Alfred Z. Bennett''
''a Solicitor " '' -- New document -- No. ''15200''
IN THE SUPREME COURT OF NEW ZEALAND
NORTHERN JUDICIAL DISTRICT ---- IN THE MATTER of the Estate of GEORGE
PINN MOUNTAIN late of Purerua in the
Provincial District of Auckland in
New Zealand Settler deceased. ---- MOTION PAPER
''for Probate''
Mr Burt to move on Friday the (14th crossed out) 21st day
of October 1921 or so soon thereafter
as Counsel can be heard that Probate
of the Will of George Pinn Mountain
deceased be granted to Hannah Elizabeth
Mountain the Executrix in the said Will
named upon the grounds as set out in
the affidavit filed herein. ---- -- New document -- [6 pages not transcribed here yet] == Sources == * '''Probate''': "New Zealand, Archives New Zealand, Probate Records, 1843-1998"
Citing record number 15200, Archives New Zealand, Auckland Regional Office; FamilySearch digital folder 101587144.
[https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q2XL-G9XK FamilySearch] (accessed 11 March 2022)
[https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS92-Y9DH-8 FamilySearch Image] Image number 00129
George Pinn Mountain probate in 1921 in Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

One of the first farms belonged to George Q. Cannon and was located on 1000 West (at that point in time it was 900 West) south of California Avenue. The land was settled between 1878 and 1880 and more consistent development of the entire community began in the late 1880s and continued well into the following century.

This is a longstanding brick wall about the parents of George Rainford who emigrated in 1849 from London to the USA. His claimed birthdate is June 1, 1810 London (on his gravestone.) *No birth record exists for George Rainford, born June 1 1810 London. *His children were baptized at a Non-Conformist Roman Catholic Parish on Horseferry Road, Westminster. *There is a record of a June 1 1812 birth and June 22 1812 baptism of Georgius Rainford, born to Georgii Rainford and Marie Heywood, baptized in the Roman Catholic Parish on Horseferry Road, Westminster. *1840 Business record: Brewer, Rainford, Geo, 4 Medway Street, Westminster Pigot, Company London and Provincial Directory 1840 Possible Father: George Rainford, a brewer and landowner, died 6 Jan 1849 in Westminster. Ordered death cert.-- 67 year old Brewer at 9 St Margaret's Terrace, Westminster. Death reported 10 January by E Rainford, who was present at the death. Subdistrict St Margaret West in County of Middlesex. Cause of death chronic bronchitis 3 mo certified. This father had a son Edward born 1808 who died in 1830. If this was the eldest son, George the Emigrant could suddenly be in line to inherit land and a brewery. Record set England Roman Catholic Parish Baptisms First name(s) Edwardus Last name Rainford Birth year Baptism year 1809 Parish Soho Square Diocese Westminster County Middlesex Country England Mother's first name(s) Maria Father's first name(s) Georgii Father's last name Rainford Baptism date 10 Dec 1809 Church St Patrick Deanery Westminster Ecclesiastical province Westminster Archive Westminster Archdiocesan Archives Register type Baptisms Records year range 1807-1818 Category Birth, Marriage & Death (Parish Registers) Subcategory Parish Baptisms Collections from Great Britain, England === Brick Wall, Assistance Welcome === [[Space: George Rainford Brick Wall|Brick Wall Page]] Note: Your insights are welcome! Trying to distinguish George Rainford the Emigrant who left in 1849 from George Rainford the landowner/brewer who died in 1849. (Or any other George Rainford, Rumfort, Ranfort.) Premise: they were Sr./Jr No house numbers on most documents. Two Residences on Medway are reported; one is in parish of St Margaret and the other is Medway, parish of John the Evangelist. Are these distinct? George the emigrant is reported at both. '''1834''' Dean Street at corner of Orchard Street North, St Margaret, Westminster George Rainford residenceRate Book for Property Tax. First name(s) George Last name Rainford Occupier's first name(s) George Occupier's last name Rainford Date 1834 Year 1834 Address Orchard Street North St Margarets Place St Margaret Westminster Parish St Margaret, Westminster Notes Paving & Light , '''1834''' Dean Street, St Margaret Westminster George Rainford, Brewer address on petition 23 Nov 1834 There was a law requiring that brewers indicate whether they are licensed as a brewery or licensed as a brewery and pub. The 'board', presumably the sign, had to say specifically "Not to be drunk on the premises." George Rainford's brewery was not in compliance and he was taken to the Queen Street Police Department and came before Magistrates who convicted him. His 'answer' is a handwritten petition asking for leniency, because the £10 fine is beyond his means. In 1838 he moved his brewery and house to a different location on Medway Street, also in Westminster. Copyrighted image of the correspondence is at the National Archive. '''1835''' Dean Street, St Margaret, Westminster George Rainford Rate Book 1835 • St Margaret, Westminster, England First name(s) George Last name Rainford Occupier's first name(s) George Occupier's last name Rainford Date 1835 Year 1835 Address Dean Street Place St Margaret Westminster Parish St Margaret, Westminster Notes St Margaret Paving & Lighting Etc Rat '''1836''' Medway Street Place Only listing of George Rainford '''Junr''' Year 1836 Year range 1835 Address Medway St Place Westminster, St Margaret County London Country England Record type Land Tax Archive City of Westminster Archives Centre Record set Westminster, Poor Law And Parish Administration '''1837''' Medway St, St John the Evangelist, England George Rainford Jr residence 1837 First name(s) George Last name Rainford Junr Year 1837 Address Medway St, Milbank Division Place Westminster, St Margaret County London Country England Record type Land Tax Archive City of Westminster Archives Centre Record Set '''1838''' Peter Street, St Margaret Westminster Rate payer changed from George Rainford Rate Book for house No 2109, however, George Rainford name is scratched out and replaced by Valentine Harrison as the Rate Payer. '''1838" Medway Street Place, St Margaret, Westminster, England George Rainford House & Brewery shows Geo Rainford payment on House and Brewery @ 25 annual rent, therefore charged 1.8 for Rectors rate. Occupier's first name(s) George Occupier's last name Rainford Date 1838 Year 1838 Address Medway Street Place St Margaret Parish St Margaret, Westminster Notes Rector'S Rates 1831-1841 Folio number 44 '''1838''' 4 Medway Street, St John the Evangelist, Westminster George Rainford Voter Registration '''1839''' Medway Street, St John the Evangelist, Westminster George Rainford Voter Registration '''1840''' 4 Medway Street, Westminster Classified listing of Brewers, Geo Rainford Pigot & Co 1840 London '''1841''' St John The Evangelist, Westminster, England George Rainford and Harriet census Source: [[#S282]] Page: Class: HO107; Piece 737; Book: 13; Civil Parish: St John The Evangelist; County: Middlesex; Enumeration District: 14; Folio: 19; Page: 32; Line: 17; GSU roll: 438838. Data: Text: Birth date: abt 1811Birth place: Middlesex, EnglandResidence date: 1841Residence place: St John The Evangelist, Middlesex, England Note: http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=sse&db=uki1841&h=8174400&ti=0&indiv=try&gss=pt '''1841''' Medway Street , St John the Evangelist George Rainford voter registration '''1840''' also 1842, 1844 Medway Street , St Margaret, Westminster, England George Rainford House & Brewery First name(s) George Last name Rainford Occupier's first name(s) George Occupier's last name Rainford Date 1835 Year 1835 Address Dean Street Place St Margaret Westminster Parish St Margaret, Westminster Notes St Margaret Paving & Lighting Etc Rat '''1845''' Medway, St Margaret, Westminster Dau Harriet bornEngland & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 Note Page 5_3_1353 '''1847''' 3 Moody's Garden, Westminster George Rainford resident, owner Strange '''20 Jul 1847''' Moody's Gardens, Westminster, Middlesex, England Birth of infant son Richard '''25 Oct 1848''' St Margaret, Westminster, England Death of infant son Richard '''6 Jan 1849''' 9 St Margaret Terrace, Westminster Death of George Rainford, age 67 Ordered death cert. 67 year old Brewer at 9 St Margaret's Terrace, Westminster. Death reported 10 January by E Rainford, who was present at the death. Subdistrict St Margaret West in County of Middlesex. cause of death chronic bronchitis 3 mo certified.The death address of George Rainford, died 6 Jan 1849, was 9 St Margaret Terrace in Westminster. That location was torn down and sold on 1 Apr 1879 '''28 MAY 1849''' Emigration of George Rainford and family New York, New YorkSource: [[#S378]] Year: 1849; Arrival: , ; Microfilm serial: M237; Microfilm roll: M237_79; Line: 38; List number: 579. Text: Birth date: abt 1812 Arrival date: 28 May 1849 Arrival place: New York, New York Departure place: London, England *Tax Assessment '''(1832) Dean Street''', Westminster , Middlesex https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV1D-YYXK *Tax Assessment''' (1833) Orchard Street North''' St Margarets https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV1L-98Z8 *Tax Assessment '''(1833) Dean Street''' St Margaret https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV1L-QBFM *Tax Assessment '''(1834) Dean Street''' , St Margaret, Westminster, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV16-MNW5 https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV16-M252 *Tax Assessment '''(1834) ,Orchard St North,''' St Margarets , Westminster, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV1L-9DBF *Tax Assessment '''(1835) , Orchard Street South''' Westminster, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV1L-9XNT *Tax Assessment''' (1836) , St Margaret''', Westminster, Middlesex, Englandhttps://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV1L-9NSK * Fact: Occupation (1838) 1838 (different) Rate Book for Medway Street shows Geo Rainford payment on House and Brewery. Medway Street, London, Englandhttps://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV1L-T3XT *Tax Assessment '''(1838) Medway Street,''' Westminster, Middlesex, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV16-9ZDN https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV16-9Q51 *Tax Assessment ('''1838) Great Peter Street''' , Westminster, Middlesex, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV16-9D4J * Fact:''' Residence (1841)''' Census shows George, Harriet, Charles and Mary living at the Medway Street address with a large number of other people. Medway Street, Westminster, St John The Evangelist, Middlesex, England *Tax Assessment '''(1841) Medway Street''' , St Margaret, Westminster, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV1L-T7T7 * Tax Assessment''' (1842) Medway St''' , St Margaret, Westminster, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV1L-THZZ *Tax Assessment '''(1844) Medway St,''' Westminster, Middlesex, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV16-SKGM *Tax Assessment '''(1844) Medway St,''' Westminster, Middlesex, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV1L-TZVT *Tax Assessment''' (1845) Medway St''' , St Margaret, Westminster, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV1L-TDBC *Tax Assessment '''(1846) 2 Moodys St ,''' Westminster, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV16-38CR *Tax Assessment''' (1846) 2 Moosy's Garden''' Runfort , Westminster, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV16-3H1C *Tax Assessment''' (1847) 3 Moody's Garden''', Westminster, Middlesex, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV16-3JL8 * Fact: (28 May 1849) Passenger list on Yorktown Brewer '''Occupation''' '''Research Note:''' For clarity, these sources indicate that George's named occupations in England were largely in the brewing industry. He began practicing medicine after emigration to the US. (George's brother-in-law, John Hutchins Baylis 1810–1859 was a doctor who qualified for Membership in the Royal College of Surgeons M.R.C.S.E. on May 20, 1839. Now exploring the premise that George learned enough from his brother in law and enjoyed lax licensing in USA to change his occupation.) 2 Nov 1837 Tin Plate worker, from child's birth certificate 08 Feb 1839 Yeast Merchant, from child's birth certificate 23 Jun 1840 Hair Dresser, from child's birth certificate 1841 Tinner, from 1841 Voter Registration List from Parish of St John, London '''Life after Emigration In the United States''' * Fact: Residence (1850) Joliet, Will, Illinois 1850 Census *Fact: Wife Harriet died, remarried 12 Jul 1855 Illinois, USA to Margaret Wilcox (1832–1908) * Fact: Residence (1860) Rockville, Kankakee, Illinois, United States * Fact: Residence (1870) Illinois, United States * Fact: Naturalization (5 October 1874) Book 4, page 465 Kankakee, Illinois, * Fact: Practicing Medicine 22 Nov 1877 Kankakee County Illinois, *Estate Claim: 1877.Estate Emmanual Reed. Proof of publication made. Claims allowed; Levi Shaffner,$66.60; D. H. Mitchell, $60.50; E. D. Small, $23.22; E. P. Catlin $15;A. Krause,$25.25; George Rainford, $72; Chas. Holt, $21.16; First National Bank, Kankakee,$10.50; First National Bank, Wilmington, $100. Note: Estate filed with claims against estate by George Rainford. *Fact: 1880 Occupation: Physician 1880 Census. User ID: C38E0DA7-47BC-49B3-BF55-8587CB281D26 Record ID Number: MH:IF42506, :: Date: 1880 *Fact: Physician License 1886 Listed in the Medical & Surgical directory of US George Rainford Physician License 1886 Publisher Polk & Co, Newton County, Indiana *Fact: Property Indenture $45 for land Lot 20, 19 APR 1882, Rockville Twp, Kankakee Co, Illinois, USA, Record ID Number: MH:IF9429 * Fact: Burial Lake Village Cemetery, Lake Township, Newton, Indiana, United States == Sources == * "Family Tree," database, FamilySearch (http://familysearch.org : modified 02 July 2018, 01:33), entry for George Rainford(PID https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/4:1:L2XS-FYR); contributed by various users. * "FindAGrave George Rainford, 1892; Burial, Lake Village, Newton, Indiana, United States of America, Lake Village Cemetery; citing burial George Rainford. {{FindAGrave|67501281}} *1841 England Census Transcript:Birth date: abt 1811 Birth place: Middlesex, England Residence date: 1841 Residence place: St John The Evangelist, Middlesex, England. Detail: Class: HO107; Piece 737; Book: 13; Civil Parish: St John The Evangelist; County: Middlesex; Enumeration District: 14; Folio: 19; Page: 32; Line: 17; GSU roll: 438838. * England, Select Marriages, 1538–1973 NameGeorge Rainford GenderMale Marriage Date03 Sep 1834 Marriage PlaceLambeth, Surrey, England SpouseHarriet StricklandFHL Film Number254611Reference IDp270, rn810 *"United States Famine Irish Passenger Index, 1846-1851," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KDX2-CL7 : 27 December 2014), George Rainford, 28 May 1849; from "Famine Irish Passenger Record Data File (FIPAS), 1/12/1846 - 12/31/1851," database, The National Archives: Access to Archival Databases (http://aad.archives.gov : accessed 2012); citing "Balch Institute for Ethnic Studies. Center for Immigration Research 1976-2002." *1850 United States Federal Census Name: George Rainford Birth Date: abt 1811 Birth Place: England Residence Date: 1850 Residence Place: Joliet, Will, Illinois.Year: 1850; Census Place: Joliet, Will, Illinois; Roll: M432_133; Page: 195; Image: 393. *1860 United States Federal Census "United States Census, 1860", database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MXCC-BK7 : 13 December 2017), Geo Kainford, 1860. *1870 United States Federal Census "United States Census, 1870," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M6WB-2H6 : 12 April 2016), George Rainford, Illinois, United States; citing p. 22, family 170, NARA microfilm publication M593 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.); FHL microfilm 545,791. * 1880 United States Federal Census "United States Census, 1880," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MH91-LTY : 14 August 2017), George Rainford, Lake, Newton, Indiana, United States; citing enumeration district ED 128, sheet 214B, NARA microfilm publication T9 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.), roll 0301; FHL microfilm 1,254,301. * Source: S64 Record ID Number: MH:S64 User ID: 880BAE44-4CCC-4F92-B646-8A64D248D298 Title: Kankakee Gazette Repository: [[#R18]] * Ancestry.com. Title: Illinois State Census Collection, 1825-1865 Publication: Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., 2008.Original data - Illinois State Census, 1825. Microfilm. Record Series 103.003, 1 roll. Illinois State Archives, Springfield, Illinois.Illinois State Census, 1830. Microfilm. * Ancestry.com Title: U.S. IRS Tax Assessment Lists, 1862-1918 Publication: Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., 2008.Original data - National Archives (NARA) microfilm series: M603, M754-M771, M773-M777, M779-M780, M782, M784, M787-M789, M791-M793, M795, M1631, M1775-M1776, T227, T1208-T1209. *Naturalization 5 OCT 1874 Kankakee County, Illinois, USA:: User ID: 8075BFD7-0A07-45EF-B23E-54ECAB135E74, Record ID Number: MH:IF943 Note: Book 4, page 465Record ID Number: MH:IF943 Note: Book 4, page 465 '''George Rainford born 1810 Lancashire/ Not Related''' Listed below is documentation to resolve confusion over George Rainford, the son of Thomas and Sarah Sweetman who was born 14 Nov 1810. This George Rainford, did live, marry and die in England. He is not George Rainford who emigrated. in 1849 and worked as a physician in Indiana. This confusion has been a problem for descendants. '''Birth''' of son of Thomas and Sarah 14 NOV 1810 William Street, Liverpool, Lancashire Baptism: 16 Dec 1810, St Peter, Liverpool, Lancashire, England ::: George Rainford - Son of Thomas Rainford & Sarah (formerly Sweetman) ::: Born: 14 Nov 1810 ::: Abode: William St ::: Occupation: Cabinet Maker ::: Register: Baptisms 1810 - 1812, Page 288, Entry 27 ::: Source: LDS Film 1656377 '''Marriage''' of George, son of Sarah Sweetman 30 Dec 1833 • Liverpool St Thomas, Lancashire groom's name: George Rainford bride's name: Elizabeth Edwards marriage date: 30 Dec 1833 marriage place: Saint Thomas, Liverpool, Lancashire, England indexing project (batch) number: M16116-2 === Sources === *"England and Wales Death Registration Index 1837-2007," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:2J9Z-4BR : 31 December 2014), George Rainford, 1849; from "England & Wales Deaths, 1837-2006," database, findmypast (http://www.findmypast.com : 2012); citing Death, Westminster St. Margaret, London, England, General Register Office, Southport, England.

[[Raymond-2462|George Raymond (1707-1807)]]
[[Kettle-308|Abigail (Kettle) Raymond (bef.1710-1786)]]
[[Kettell-7|Jonathan Kettell (1681-1764)]]
[[Hands-2|Katharine (Hands) Kettell (1682-1748)]]
----- Many of the items below, but not all, were reviewed in the quest to find evidence that George's wife was the Abigail Kettle/Kettell, born/baptized to Jonathan Kettle and his wife Katherine. Annie Haven Thwing, ''Inhabitants and Estates of the Town of Boston, 1630–1800 and The Crooked and Narrow Streets of Boston, 1630–1822'' (Boston, Mass.: New England Historic Genealogical Society, 2001, CD-ROM), 11824 of 19237 (Jonathan Kettle of Charleston); digital images by subscription, [https://www.americanancestors.org/DB530/i/14226/11824/260119209 ''AmericanAncestors'']; reference: wife Katherine Hands is/; RefCode 41590. Kettel-Waters 1707 marriage, ''Boston Marriages from 1700 to 1751'' in ''Records relating to the early history of Boston'', multiple vols. (Boston : Rockwell and Churchill, 1876-), 28:12; digital images, [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.hwrcgm?urlappend=%3Bseq=24%3Bownerid=27021597766877694-28 ''Hathi Trust'']. Abigail Kettell 1710 birth, Roger D. Joslyn ''Vital Records of Charlestown, Massachusetts, to the year 1850'', 3 vols. in multiple parts and sections (Boston, New England Historic Genealogical Society, 1984-1995), 1 (Town Vital Records - Part I):223; digital images by subscription, [https://www.americanancestors.org/DB190/i/13924/223/0 ''AmericanAncestors''], she is "Abigail Ketteill, dau. of Jonathan & Kathern Ketteel." Abigail Kettell 1710 birth, "Births, marriages, deaths, 1629-1843," FHL Digital Collection, DGS 007009468, image 50 of 447; digital images, [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L97M-59V9-T?i=49&cc=2061550&cat=34341 ''FamilySearch'']; birth as 15 April 1710, d. Jonathan Ketteel [''sic''] and Katherine. Abigail Kettle 1710 baptism, James F. Hunnewell, ''Records of the First church in Charlestown, Massachusetts, 1632-1789'' (Boston: D. Clapp and Son, 1880), 27; digital images, [https://archive.org/details/recordsoffirstch1632char/page/n209/mode/2up ''Hathi Trust'']; baptism 16 April 1710; "D. of mr Jonathan & Katharine Kettle." Raymond-Kettell 1741 marriage, Roger D. Joslyn ''Vital Records of Charlestown, Massachusetts, to the year 1850'', 3 vols. in multiple parts and sections (Boston, New England Historic Genealogical Society, 1984-1995), 1 (Town Vital Records - Part II):366; digital images by subscription, [https://www.americanancestors.org/DB190/i/13924/366/0 ''AmericanAncestors''], he is "John Raymond" [''sic''] of Beverly, she is "Abigail Kettell of this town." Raymond-Kettell 1741 marriage, "Births, marriages, deaths, 1629-1843," FHL Digital Collection, DGS 007009468, image 134 of 447; [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G97M-59JV-R?i=133&cc=2061550&cat=34341 ''FamilySearch'']; dual entries--one for John Raymond of Beverly, m. Abigail Kettell of Charlestown, by Revd Mr. Hull Abbot, Nov. 11, 1741, and same detail for George Raymond of Beverly, m. Abigail Kettell of Charlestown, by Revd Mr. Hull Abbot, Nov. 11, 1741; both entries led by asterisk with footnote at bottom of page, "George Raymond Pr. Ministers Record and pr Publication. ['''See following'''] :Memoranda book of Joseph Stevens and Hull Abbott, Mss 650, R. Stanton Avery Special Collections, New England Historic Genealogical Society, online at DigitalCollections, ''AmericanAncestors''; digital images by subscription, [http://library.nehgs.org/record=b1071672~S0 ''AmericanAncestors'' Catalog]; [https://digital-americanancestors-org.nehgs.idm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p15869coll34/id/734 Images in R. Stanton Avery Collection]. At [https://digital-americanancestors-org.nehgs.idm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p15869coll34/id/706 p. 49-50 (Marriages)], "Married by Me 1741 ... Nov. 11. George Raymond & Abigail Kettell ... Raymond." On the same page, 1742 ... [date] Roger Balch of Wenham & Ann Kettle ... Balch." Note: Lots of Kettles, etc. on these pages. :Raiment-Kettle 1740 marriage intention (Charlestown), Roger D. Joslyn ''Vital Records of Charlestown, Massachusetts, to the year 1850'', 3 vols. in multiple parts and sections (Boston, New England Historic Genealogical Society, 1984-1995), 1 (Marriage Intentions - Section I):466; digital images by subscription, [https://www.americanancestors.org/DB190/i/13924/466/0 ''AmericanAncestors'']; he is "George Raiment of Beverly," she is "Abigail Kettle of this town," date is 1 November 1740. Good description of Boston/Charlestown "Original Records" and how those compare to FHL films at "Charlestown, Middlesex County, Massachusetts Genealogy"; [https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/Charlestown,_Middlesex_County,_Massachusetts_Genealogy ''FamilySearch'' Wiki]. Thomas Bellows Wyman, ''The genealogies and estates of Charlestown : in the county of Middlesex and commonwealth of Massachusetts, 1629-1818'', 2 vols. (Boston : D. Clapp, 1879), 574-84 (Kettell) at 574; digital images, [https://archive.org/details/genealogiesestat02wyma/page/578/mode/1up ''InternetArchive'']; also 949 (Shippie Townsend); [https://archive.org/details/genealogiesestat02wyma/page/949/mode/1up ''InternetArchive'']. Marchia Wiswall Lindberg, C.G., "Thomas Townsend of Lynn and his Descendants for Five Generations," ''The Essex Genealogist'', 13 (1993):152-65, 218-28, 14 (1994):45-52, at [https://www.americanancestors.org/DB396/i/12784/163/0 13:163-65], [https://www.americanancestors.org/DB396/i/12785/51/0 14:51-52]; digital images by subscription, ''AmericanAncestors''. Kettle in L. Effingham deForest. James Cox Brady and His Ancestry ( New York : De Forest Publishing Co., 1933). 202; digital images, [https://archive.org/details/jamescoxbradyhis00defo/page/240/mode/1up Internet Archive ]. Harrison Black, ''The ancestry of Frances Maria Goodman (1829-1912) wife of Learner Blackman Harrison'' (Boston : Newbury Street Press, 001), 289-92 (Kettell); digital images, [https://archive.org/details/ancestryoffrance00blac/page/289/mode/1up ''Open Library''] (borrow); it doesn't cover enough generations to include Abigail. Galusha Burchard Balch, ''Genealogy of the Balch families in America'' (Salem, Mass., E. Putnam. 1897), [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/wu.89062848924?urlappend=%3Bseq=78%3Bownerid=13510798885228119-82 26 (30 Ann Balch)], [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/wu.89062848924?urlappend=%3Bseq=90%3Bownerid=13510798885224633-104 38 (65 Martha Balch)], [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/wu.89062848924?urlappend=%3Bseq=99%3Bownerid=13510798885224633-113 47 (101 Roger Balch)]; digital images, ''Hathi Trust''. Charles Edward Banks, ''The history of Martha's Vineyard, Dukes County, Massachusetts,'' 3 vols. (G.H. Dean. Boston. 1911), 2:30 (Tisbury-Caleb Rand); digital images, [https://archive.org/details/historyofmarthas00bank/page/n493/mode/1up ''InternetArchive'']. Florence Osgood Rand, ''A genealogy of the Rand family in the United States'' (New York: Republic Press, 1898), 26 (Caleb Rand); digital images, [https://archive.org/details/genealogyofrandf00rand/page/26 ''InternetArchive'']. Henry S. Nourse, The early records of Lancaster, Massachusetts. 1643-1725 (Lancaster [Clinton, Printed by W.J. Coulter] 1884), 111, 114; [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uiug.30112071973025?urlappend=%3Bseq=119%3Bownerid=13510798903222863-123 111]; [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uiug.30112071973025?urlappend=%3Bseq=122%3Bownerid=13510798903222863-126 114] Beverly Births :[Raymond] Abbigal, d. George and Abbigal, July 23, 1742 :[Raymond] Katherine, d. George and Abigail, Sept. 9, 1746 :[Raymond] David [Daniel. PR257], s. George and Abigail, Dec. 16, 1748 :[Raymond] George, s. George and Abigail, Aug. 13, 1744; d. 1785, George [s. George and :Abigail. P. R. 257.], consumption, bur. Jan. 15, 1785, a. abt. 40 y. C.R.1. :[Raymond] William, s. George and Abigail, Oct. 9, 1751 Deaths :[Raymond] –––––, ch. George, jr., bur. Apr. 10, 1775, a. 3 m. CR1 :[Raymond] –––––, w. George, jr., smallpox, bur. Aug. 2, 1777. CR1 :[Raymond] –––––, ch. George, jr., smallpox, bur. Aug. 7, 1777. CR1 :[Raymond] George [s. George and Abigail. PR257], consumption, '''bur.''' Jan. 15, 1785, a. abt. 40 y. CR1 :[Raymond] Abigail, w. George, Jan. 31, 1786, a. 77 y. PR257 :[Raymond] George, Capt., mortification and old age, Mar. 27, 1807, a. 99 y. 2 m. 3 w. CR2 :[Raymond] William, s. George and Abigail, July 4, 1816. PR257 :[Raymond] Daniel, s. George and Abigail. PR257], Feb. 9, 1829. CR2 Marriages :[Raymond] George, and Abbigal Kittel of Charlestown, '''int'''. Nov. 9, 1740. Essex County, Deeds Grantor - George at 277 of 808 https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G9ZZ-BTV?i=276&wc=MCBL-YM9%3A361613201%2C361828601&cc=2106411 Essex County Deeds Grantee - George begins 76 of 457. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G9ZZ-B9M6?i=75&wc=MCBL-FPJ%3A361613201%2C361762101&cc=2106411 From Grantor Index :recorded 1761, Aug 6, George to Hannah Woodbury (ux Josiah), 109:201 Beverly :recorded 1761, Aug 6, George to Hannah Woodbury (ux Josiah), 109:201 Beverly ? :recorded 1764, Mar 15, George to William Hails 114:60 :recorded 1785 Aug 29, George to Ebenezer Putnam, 144, 60 :recorded 1789 Oct 16, Jr. estate, to Joshua Ellinwood, Jr., 150:196 :recorded 1793, Feb 11, George to David Raymond 155:183 :recorded 1799, Sept 7, George 2nd et al., to Caleb Kimball, 166:59, Wenham From Grantee Index :1760 Nov 5 George - Daniel Killam 36:189 Wenham :1761. July 2, George - JosiahWoodbury et ux 107:198 :1764, March 15, George - William Hails, 114:260 :1789, March 2, George Jr - Larken Thorndike 149:200 Middlesex Probate, [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/263304?availability=Family%20History%20Library ''FamilySearch'']. Middlesex Probate, File 13173 ('''Jonathan Kettle'''); [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-99DP-GD8Y?i=752&cat=263304 ''FamilySearch'']. Mentions his wife/widow, his daughters, '''but only by their given names'''. Jonathan, supposed father of Abigail, died 1764. The next Jonathan in Middlesex deeds is recorded 1790 Mch 27, jonathan to J Larkin. 102:159; recorded 1799 Aug 7, Jonathan to B. Hurd 133:146. . Middlesex Deeds, Index - Grantee, H - R 1639-1799 FamilySearch DGS 7445446 Kettle at 189 of 555 https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9Z7-HD6T?i=198&cc=2106411&cat=196141 Middlesex Deeds, Index - Grantor, H - R 1639-1799 FamilySearch DGS 7445231, Kettle at 209 of 609. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-99Z3-WBDD?i=208&cc=2106411&cat=196141 There are other Jonathan deeds in this group. Recorded 1764, Nov 24, Eunice & al, Exors of Jonathan to J. Scott. 61:465. Deeds, vol. 61-62 1763-1765 DGS 7448472 244 (recto)-245, of 715 https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-89Z7-XQWW?i=243&cc=2106411&cat=196141. "impowered his Executors to sell and dispose of all his estate both real and personal in order for the distribution of the same agreeable to his last will & Testament …" [no names for distribution appear] Middlesex Deeds 61:465, Eunice Kettel and Shipley Townsend, executors of Jonathan Kettel estate to J. Scott, dated 20 November 1764 [FHL Digital Collection, DGS 7448472, image 244 (recto)-245 of 715. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-89Z7-XQWW?i=243&cc=2106411&cat=196141 Beverly, Town Clerk compilations-Kettle. [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33SQ-GRSJ-35V?i=257&cc=2061550&personaUrl=%2Fark%3A%2F61903%2F1%3A1%3AFH5X-YMG ''FamilySearch''] Shippie Townsend Will, Suffolk County Probate, File 20929 (4 pp.); digital images by subscription, [https://www.americanancestors.org/DB2735/rd/48702/20929-co1/1416944681 ''AmericanAncestors''].

This page will show the family relationship of Colonel George Reade b 1608 with the sureties and the supporters of the Magna Carta. The wiki tree profile numbers will be listed alongside of the each ancestors name, References will be abbreviated as follows: Douglas Richardson=dr/ Magna Carta Ancestry= mca/ Volume=v/ page-p./ Fredrick Louis Weis= fw/ Ancestral Roots =ar/ Edition-e/ more source abbreviations will be listed as needed, if you have any more info to add to this, please contact me for review before adding to this page. many thanks.

Records from the Historical Society of Pennsylvania are copies of the actual church records where [[Rockey-262 | Maria_Rockey]] and [[Rockey-161 | Elizabeth_Rockey]] were baptized. The records list: parents, sponsors, birth dates and baptism dates. Both records list George and Margaretha as the parents of Maria and Elizabeth. All of the Findagrave records listed below for George, Sarah, Catherine, John L, and Margaret indicate that Unknown-463818 | Margaret_Unknown is their mother. Family Search Records for [[Rockey-164 | Lucy_Ann_Rockey]] and [[Rockey-263 | William_Rockey]] also list Margaret as their mother. Records from Intermet, Mifflinburg Cemetery show that Margaret and George are buried next to each other. Margaret's other various records coincide with 1790 - 1848. Archives.com is more specific and states her DOB is 9 Jan 1790, and her DOD is 9 Jun 1848, at Mifflinburg, Union County, PA. Her children's DOB's range from 1810-1830. The Commemorative Biographical Record of Central Pennsylvania, page 517 sources listed, states [[Rockey-162|George Rockey]] and [[Lohr-849 | Elizabeth Lohr]] are the parents of [[Rockey-167 | John_L_Rockey]]. On all of the Findagrave memorials listed state that John L Rockey is the son of George Rockey and Margaret unknown and not Elizabeth Lohr. The Archives.com report for John L Rockey states his parents were George Rockey and Elizabeth Lohr. Other family trees list Elizabeths DOB as sometime before 1792. Her report from Archives.com states she was born in Union, Pennsylvania, DOD 9 Jun 1848, at Mifflinburg, Union, Pennsylvania which is exactly the same at Margaret's. It is impossible for George to have had two wives at the same time. It has come to my attention from my Best family tree, which is also German, that for several generations it was a German custom to double name their children many with the same first name and then referring to them by their second name. Which seems to be true with many of my German ancestors. From the research I have performed, it is my personal theory that Elizabeth Lohr and Margaretha unknown may in fact be the same person. Example; Elizabeth Margaretha Lohr 9 Jan 1790- 9 Jun 1848 seems to fit the information provided in the records. I will continue to do the research on this topic and try to either verify or disprove my theory but felt it should be brought to the attention of anyone researching this family that this is an issue, and many of the records are inaccurate because of it. [[Merrifield-720|CJ Merrifield]] aka [[Bourke-962 | Carol Bourke]]

[[Firestone-323|George Samuel Firestone (1811-1891)]] ----- ===Second Wife, Mary Hamman=== James Blodgett to GeneJ, "Hamman Family," email of June 30, 2022, including digital image of p. 681, "Thomas of Heidelberg") from unknown text (''Ancestry.com'' search), for "XV. Sybilla Thomas^5 (John^4, Martin^3, Martin^2, Theodorus^2) ..." married John Hammond; had, among others, Mary, b. 1821, m. Michcael McEnderfer. James Blodget to Denny Shirer and GeneJ, "George Firestone Guardianship Records" [aka Miscellaneous Hammon/Hamman], email of 28 June 2022, including threaded replies regarding "Biography and sources of George Samuel Firestone" and "how to name George Firestone's second wife." ''History of Dekalb County, Indiana, with biographical sketches of representative citizens ...'' (Indianapolis, B.F. Bowen & Company, Inc., 1914), 847-848 (Edwin Erwin); digital images, [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/loc.ark:/13960/t6h13cc6z?urlappend=%3Bseq=991 ''Hathi Trust''], especially for, "In 1868, Mr. Erwin married Elizabeth McEntarffer, who was born on October 30, 1844, in DeKalb county, the daughter of Michael and Anna Mary (Hamman) McEntarffer, who emigrated from Stark county, Ohio ..."

Notes from the Family Bible of George Sawyer (1800-1876), transcribed by Robert Charles Bryant ca. 1990. Most entries are for the 19th century - George Sawyer, his wives, and children.

COURT: Original Bill Monroe County Tennessee Chancery Court File 628 Monroe County Tennessee Court Book C , 127 George Slaton vs JJ Raburn Filed Feb 13th 1877, S P Hale, C? To the Honorable W M Bradford, Chancellor & holding the Chancery Court in Madisonville.
George Slaton, a citizen of Monroe County, complainant.
Vs.
J J Raburn, also a citizen of Monroe County, defendant .
[George Slaton] respectfully shows to the court that he owns a tract of land containing fifteen acres more or less lying on the waters of the Chestua Creek in Monroe County, being a part of the South West quarter of Section 33, 2nd Range East of the Meridian, Hiwassee District, and situated in the North East corner of said quarter.
[George Slaton] first purchased said land of Sarah Chambers in the year 1836, she owning the whole of said quarter at the time. At the time [George Slaton] purchased said land it was not marked off from the balance of the quarter and they [?] agreed upon a line laying off fifteen acres more or less, and [George Slaton] and one William Miller, a brother of said Sarah Chambers, whom she authorized as her agent in the matter, went through and marked the line agreed upon of distinct hacks on the trees, which remain in many places to be seen to the present day. [George Slaton] has resided on said land and claimed title to said marked line ever since, excepting about two years from 1847 and 1849. In 1847 [George Slaton] conveyed [the land] to William Henderson and soon afterward conveyed it to one W C Marelock(?) and he conveyed it to [George Slaton]s son B W Slaton. In the year 1849 [George Slaton] repurchased said land from his son ... Owing to the confidential relations existing between [George Slaton] [and his son] no deed was executed ... until 19th day of September 1863, when a deed was executed which has been duly proven and registered. Said line setting apart
[George Slaton]s land and agreed upon and marked out ... [George Slaton] further shows that sometime about the year 1845, said B W Slaton bought the balance of said quarter to a stake or stone about halfway between the Northeast and Northwest corners and owned and resided on the same until a short time before his death, which occurred in 1874. Said B W Slaton ... always recognized the said marked line as the boundary between the land owned by the [George Slaton] and them .... and [BW and George] set up a stone to mark the corner [which contained timbered land] ... [George Slaton] further shows that on or about the ____ day of _____ 1874, said B W Slaton conveyed to said J J Raburn, a part of the said South West quarter, adjoining [George Slaton]'s land on the West along said line [which lands were in timber [^ and remain closed?] on both sides of the line.
[J J Raburn] soon afterward commenced clearing and enclosing a portion of his land next [George Slaton]'s said line, and is now extending his clearing and enclosing over on [George Slaton]'s land at that point is or was heavily timbered with large oak, poplar, hickory, chestnut and other valuable trees besides the smaller timber which was also valuable, which [J J Raburn] has cut [and making into rails or destroying by deadening] and burning the smaller timber ... [George Slaton] has already been greatly damaged by the loss of his valuable timber [and he fears that his ground will be damaged, being very steep and rolling] ...]
[George Slaton] further shows that he has a certain way or foot path out through his said land leading to a low gap in a heavy line of knobs or hills which he has been accustomed to use ... which [J J Raburn] has obstructed with fence and otherwise..it puts [George Slaton] to great loss of time, labor and inconvenience to go around it ... [J J Raburn] well knows where the line is ... and he well knew [where the corner stone was] when he bought the land ... [he tried to take possession to the north, outside his boundaries, by destroying the old marks of the original line by cutting down the trees] and hewing off the marks, and the cornerstone above named has also been removed ...[George Slaton] believes and charges that the [J J Raburn] has removed it ... [George Slaton] further shows that [J J Raburn] is of a weak uneducated mind , very headstrong malicious and presumptuous, and seems to have a mania bordering on insanity to enclose and hold lands not his own ... [George Slaton] gave [J J Raburn] written notice notifying him that he was on [George Slaton]'s land and forbidding him further [mis?]using or destroying the timber.
[George Slaton] further shows that [J J Raburn] is insolvent having no property subject to execution and a judgement in [George Slaton]'s favor against the [J J Raburn] for the damages ... would be worthless ... The [George Slaton] prays for general relief and shows that this is his first application for an injunction on this cause [of perpetually enjoining [J J Raburn] from cutting, burning, deadening, removing any of the timber across said dividing line, and for account to be taken of such damages as may be ascertained to have been done] ...
C W Hicks
Notation: Complainant's usual bond for injunction is two hundred dollars or oath prescribed for poor persons.
unmarked exhibit
This indenture made and entered into this 23rd day of Jany 1836, between ... Sarah Chambers ... and George Slaton, both of the county of Monroe and State of Tennessee ... in consideration of a sum between the parties agreed ... [Sarah Chambers] doth [sell] unto said Slaton ... tract of land situate ... on the waters of the Chestua Creek ... southwest quarter of Section 33, Township 3rd Range 2 East of Meridian ... Hiwassee district ... and in the N East corner of said quarter where said Slaton now lives fifteen acres more or less ...
Witnessed by: James Henderson, William Miller
James M Broyles, clerk
This indenture made and entered into this 19th day of September ... 1850 ... between William Henderson ... and Berry W Slaton [all of Monroe county TN] ... Henderson [for fifty dollars] ... sell unto the said Berry W Slaton ... tract of land ... on the waters of the Chestua Creek ... southwest quarter of Section 33, Township 3rd Range 2 E[ast] M[eridian] Hiwassee district ... and in the N East corner of said quarter containing fifteen acres more or less ... Witnessed by: George Slaton, G L Henderson
John A Stephens, clerk
This indenture made and entered into this 19th day of September ... 1863, B W Slaton and George Slaton [all of Monroe county TN] ... [for fifty dollars] ... sell unto the said George Slaton ... tract of land ... on the waters of the Chestua Creek ... southwest quarter of Section 33, Township 3rd Range 2 E[ast] M[eridian] Hiwassee district ... .and in the N East corner of said quarter containing fifteen acres more or less ...
Witnessed by: David Mason, J M Gardener
A J Hicks, clerk
I, George Slaton do solemnly swear that owning to my poverty, I am unable to bear the expenses of the suit that I am about to commence-entitled as above-in the Chancery Court ... I am justly entitled to the redress sought ... [Feb 13 1877]
Signed George Slaten (not a clerk's hand)

Deposition of J J Raburn, aged 52 years, filed Nov 30, 1877

The line is dispute in this suit begins at a rock corner, near the big branch on the South side of the branch, and runs East up the big branch to the mouth of the hollow that leads up to my house, thence up the said hollow and with the "bottom" of the hollow to the William Mason line-this being the same hollow that Ben. White went up with the hay.
Q: ... Please state if there is more than one hollow ...
A: There are several small hollows but only one that wagon can pass up ...
Q: Did George Slaton & yourself ... have a conversation about the land or lines?
A: Several years before I bought the land, I was passing along ... and George Slaton was there at work, getting out stones ... and we got into a talk and he told me that he was getting out timber on Berry Slaten's land, without leave ...
Q: State whether or not George Slaten ever claimed this disputed land during the lifetime of B W Slaten and whether or not the lines were recognized as you state them until B W Slaten died.
A: He never claimed it during the lifetime of B W Slaten, so far as I ever knew. I occupied it, claimed it, worked on it up to the time of B W Slaten's death, George Slaten being there and knowing these facts and he never interrupted me, nor offered to molest me, nor question my right to the land until after the death of B W Slaten
Q: Please state as near as you can the time Geo Slaten first claimed this land, whether or not you brought suit against him for trespass ... whether or not you recovered judgment against him.
A: I think it was nearly two years after the death of B W Slaten [ca 1876] when he first began to interfere with the land: he came there and commenced to tear down the fences ... I did bring suit against him for trespass & damage & recovered judgment against him ... and I have not been able to collect the amount [or any part of it].
. . . [Raburn denies all allegations that he blocked a path, cut timber or trespassed in any way, the land of George Slaton]. . .
[Answers to questions 15 through 17 not copied.]

Q: How long have you lived on that place?
A: Nearly eight years.

Affadavit of George Slaton, filed Dec 3rd 1877
(notation - Have Mary McDonald and Wade Slaton witnesses)
George Slaton makes oath that the defendant J J Raburn on whom a writ of injunction was served ... on the 2nd day of March 1877, has at various times since the service of said injunction [cut down and carried away valuable timber] ... and has persistently refused to allow [George Slaton] and his family and other persons to pass over the foot path through said land ... Compel him to answer for the said Contempt of Court
Signed George Slaten [not a clerk's hand]
Deposition of Benjamin White, aged 52 years
Q: Who has lived on and claimed the land on which George Slaton lives during the time you have known it, and do you know the line that has been claimed to by him, next to B W Slatons land
A: I think George Slaton has lived on it during the whole time I have known it, with the exception of about two years during which he moved off to Georgia as report said - but when he returned he settled down at the same place again. I can't tell just the date of this absence. Some little time before George Slaton moved to Georgia his land was sold for debt and his son B W Slaton either bought it in, or redeemed it, & obtained a Sheriff's deed for it and after the old man George Slaton, returned, B W made him a deed for it. This is the way I understood it.
. Deposition of R D Henderson:
Q: Who of your neighbors have you heard speak of [J J Raburn] [?]
A: I have heard Mr Mack Gardner say he could not believe him on oath, I have heard Henry Ball say the same thing, I have heard my father say the same, I heard William Sitzler say the same.
Q: What relation to George Slaton does Mack Gardner bear
A: I think Mack Gardner is a son-in-law of George Slaton
Q: You say Henry Ball told you that he would not believe Raburn under oath, is not Henry Ball related by marriage to George Slaton?
. A: They are not related to my knowledge. Two of Mrs Ball's brothers married George Slaton's daughters.
Exhibit A:
This indenture made and entered into on this the 22nd day of September 1873 between B W Slaten and wife T J Slaten of the one part, and James J Raburn of the other part, all of the county of Monroe and State of Tennessee: ... B W Slaten and wife T J Slaten [for one hundred dollars] ... convey unto said James J Raburn ... a certain tract of land containing Twenty acres (20) ... Commencing in the South at a rock corner and running east up the branch to the mouth of a hollow and thence to the William Mason line and thence west ... thence south with the Rogers' line to the top of a nob...a quarter in Second Range East of the Meridian in the 33rd section and 3rd township.
Decree, June term 1878
Be it known that this cause comes on to be heard before the Honorable W M Bradford, Chancellor, on this 5th day of June 1878 ... the court being of the opinion that the [George Slaton] is entitled to the lands conveyed by the deed from Sarah Chambers to [George Slaton] ... and afterwards conveyed by B W Slaton to [George Slaton] ... it is so decreed.
But because it does not appear to the court precisely where the boundary lines of said lands are, and what lands said deeds covered, it is referred to the Master to hear proof and to report to the next term of the court what lands were included in and conveyed by said deeds to [George Slaton], and fix the metes and bounds of the same specifically ... It is further ordered that the County surveyor, after giving the [J J Raburn] five days notice, proceed to survey and locate said land conveyed to [George Slaton] ... and to return to the Master a correct report and plat of the same
Raburn appeals decree.

The goal of this project is to ...find missing info on Trent's and extended family in South Africa. We should all be the descendants of George Trent b. abt 1845 married to Elizabeth Townsend. The Granddaughter of John Townsend SV/PROG in South Africa. Elizabeth married again to William Pearce, So no matter where you fit in feel free to add your comments. Hopefully by doing this we can find out where George was born, who his parent's were and how far back our lineage goes. Right now this project just has one member, me. I am [[Trent-764|Desiree Bean]]. Here are some of the tasks that I think need to be done. I'll be working on them, and could use your help. * Trying to find a connection of a Peter Trent who married into my G Grandmother Emma Hannah Opie's side of the family, he married Ada Emily Opie, I would like to find out if he is related to my Trent line. * Looking for the death notice of George Trent, he was buried 4 March 1886, hopefully that can tell us where he was born and who his parents were *Looking for baptism notice for George Trent & his brother Edward Trent (Edward was a witness on my GG uncle's baptism notice. No info on years before nor after of Edward Trent). Will you join me? Please post a comment here on this page, in [https://www.WikiTree.com/g2g G2G] using the project tag, or [https://www.WikiTree.com/index.php?title=Special:PrivateMessage&who=14019052 send me a private message]. Thanks!

{{One Name Study|name=Truitt}} The goal of this project is to ...Cleanup and improve [[Graves-37 | Frances]]' Profile. George's 2nd wife. [[Truitt-313 | George Truitt]] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Graves-37 ] Right now this project just has one member, #me. I am [[Taylor-25258|Carole Taylor]]. Here are some of the tasks that I think need to be done. I'll be working on them, and could use your help. * move the RESEARCH info., idea, and family lore to the FREE SPACE * delete any duplicate info. aka: redundancy * Will you join me? Please post a comment here on this page, in [https://www.WikiTree.com/g2g G2G] using the project tag, or [https://www.WikiTree.com/index.php?title=Special:PrivateMessage&who=10102058 send me a private message]. Thanks! === Brought OVER from Profile === === Name === : Name: Frances or Francis GravesSource: [[#S848]].Source: [[#S-2087693654]] === Name === : Name: Frances /GRAVES/Source: [[#S33]] Data: Text: Birth date: 1620 Birth place: Virginia === Birth === : Birth: :: Date: 1619 :: Place: Jamestown, Colony, Virginia, United StatesSource: [[#S33]] Data: Text: Birth date: 1620 Birth place: Virginia {{Ancestry Record|agbi|3002394}} Birth date: 1620 Birth place: Virginia George may have gone to England for a wife for his small children after Frances died or sent for Alice Watson and that is why there is an immigration record in 1655 for her as a single traveler. The other thought is that since the 1655 record is taken from the Land Patent books, that date might not be the actual date she arrived, but a headright situation if she were a spinster. More research. I believe the 1654 date where she is sponsored is the correct one for arrival. They were married in abt 1655. It looks like Frances Graves died when her son George II was born or soon after. Mary Added by Mary L. Gresham on Oct 10, 2017 5:16 PM