[[Category:Montana History]] '''INDEX OF WAGON TRAIN EMIGRANTS FROM MINNESOTA TO MONTANA USGENWEB NOTICE: These electronic pages may NOT be reproduced in any format for profit or presentation by any other organization or persons. Persons or organizations desiring to use this material, must obtain the written consent of the contributor, or the legal representative of the submitter, and contact the listed USGenWeb archivist with proof of this consent. Files may be printed or copied for personal use only.''' '''List transcribed and organized by Jack Hannah, JHannah782@aol.com All rights reserved. Copyright, 1998 by Jack Hannah. ''This file may be freely copied for non-profit purposes. All other rights reserved.''''' === INDEX OF WAGON TRAIN EMIGRANTS FROM MINNESOTA TO MONTANA === '''THE FISK TRAIN, 1862''' Aitken, E. E. Arnell, A. L. Arnold, John M. Ault, John Barrows, Isaac Bartlett, William F. Bentley, David Biddle, George W. Biddle, Emma Bond, Samuel R. Bottineau, Daniel Bottineau, Pierre Boyden, E. R. Bray, Cornelius Bray, Patrick C. Brown, Joseph A. Brown, Richard T. Burritt, Elihu H. Cardinell (Caldwell) Peter Carrick, (Cormick) W. J. Carrick, W. J. Castner, John M. Castner, Henrietta Charlton, David W. Clark, Thomas H. Clement, Andrew A. Clifton, Thomas Cobb, Charles E. Cobb, George Connor (O'Connor), Thomas J. Dalton, Alvin Dalton, Margaret Dalton, Matilda Dalton, Or(r)in, Dalton, William P. Dalton, Clara Davenport, L. W. (and wife) Dibb, William D. Dobbins, George Dobbins, Mike J. Doney, Enos Donnelly (Donley), Mary A. G. Donnelly (Donley), Scott Dougherty, Patrick Dow, James G. Dudley, George Dumphy, Elijah M. Durgan, Catherine A. Durgan, John H. Egnell, Albert Ells, Robert S. Fenton, William A. Fergus, James Fisk, James L. Folsum, David E. Forbes, Hiram Forbes, Mary Gere, George Gilham, Alonzo Godfrey, Ard. Gould, Danville Graham, W. H. H. Hacket(t), D. D. Hall Benjamin Hall, Francis Hall, William Halliday, Robert Hammond, C. H. Hamper (Semper), William Hanson, William Harrison, Henry C. Hermann (Heman), Charles W. Homer, John L. Iddings, (Giddings), Caleb W. Kinney, William Kirkpatrick, Thomas Klein, C. H. Knox, Robert C. Kruitz (Kritz), John Langford, Nathaniel P. McIntyre, George McKenzie, B. F. McKenzie, J. O. McLellan, Alex Mannheim (Manahan), John Marsden, James Maxwell, Oliver H. Miles (Mills), Charles Mitchell, William H. Moore, Hugh Moore(s), John Noyes, George Olin, Benjamin F. Olin, Giles S. Olin, Cornelia P. Owen, Caroline Rockwell, Orson J. Rogers, Charles T. Rowell, William A. Shaw, Nathaniel L. Shepherd, J. H. Silsby, I. C. Spencer, R. M. Spencer, William B. Stark, Josephus Stark, Mary J. Stark, Juliam Fisk Strong, E. M. Sturgis, William Sutherland, David S. Sutherland, William Tabour (Tabor, Saborn), L.T. Tyler, Joseph H. Tyler, Caroline Tyson, E. J. Raymond Valentine, A. (L.) D. Whitman, Joseph P. Wickham, George J. Wildman, John H. Wright, William Young, James '''THE HOLMES TRAIN, 1862''' Beveridge, Francis Bowers, Joseph Brown, George Butterfield, David T. Cady, Vallencourt H. Calkins, (Collins) W. H. Chase, Franklin Clark, ______ Curtis, Francis E. Cuthbert, William Flickner, T. (Thomas) Francis, John French, Ernest M. French, Marcus French, Willard S. French, Zelie Grindell. John H. Hall, Amos Holmes, Thomas A. Hoyt, Freeborn Hoyt, John F. Hutchinson, D. S. Ledbeater, Mark D. Little, John Lovell, Philip McDowell, Alex Mahony, Richard Milwaine, John Miner, A. Moore, E. Morrison, Wilson Newhall, H. C. Osier, Antone Potter, John Potter, Maurice Potter, Melville Salter, Eugene Salter, F. Chase Seaburger (Seburger), Peter Smith, Lewis E. Spenser, John B. Steele, Henry B. Stockton, _______ Strickland, _______ Terwilliger, N. Barney Turrell (Turrill), J. A. Vandenburg, C. C. Vater (Vaiter), James C. Wells, Albert Wymann, Charles Wymann, Wooster '''THE FISK TRAIN, 1863''' Adams, Louis M. Anderson, J. (Joseph) R. Balen, James Bastien, Baptiste Berg, Conrad Bernardet, Felix Bruyere, Isidore Campbell, Richard D. Clandening, William H. Cobb, Charles E. Cochran, Charlton Coulon, Emil Crocker, B. F. Dart, George W. Denslow, Ellsworth H. Devereaux, Jeff Dibb, John Dibb, William D. Elliott, Leroy Estes, Simeon Farmer, Louis Favor, George E. Fisett, Peter Fleuri, Firmin Freniere, Antonie Gere, George Glass, William Glover, Martin Gray, ________ Hamel, Jos. O. Hannay, Peter Hesse, Frederick G. Hingston, John G. Hiron, Leger Holyoke, William H. Hooper, C. P. Johnston, Samuel H. Kendrick, J. H. McEwen?, Andrew Major, John Marceau, Antoine Marfield, Nicholas Merrill, Thomas Miller, Hugh Mohr, Joseph Neudick, Louis Northup, George Quigg(s), James Rieth, Eugene Rogers, John G. Scherow, Albert Scott, William C. Smith, Gurdon W. Stanley, Reginald Torbet, Andrew M. Tucker, John Voringer, Louis Watson, J. C. Younglove, Albert C. '''THE HOLMES TRAIN, 1864''' Allen, Joseph; Babcock, Fred Babcock, Henry Bear, Benjamin Beckwith, Albert Benedict, Gilbert Benson, G. S. Benson, L. W. Blake, John M. Brounworth, John Bruce, Hezekiah Bushnell, G. W. Bycraft, John Chamberlain(e), Collins Clark, C. P. Cole, Harry Constans, Philip Cooper, Thomas Crossman(Krossman), Adam Cutler, Charles Cutler, Henry Dibb, Thomas Fay, James Fenton, Henry Foote, George Fountain, Henry Gleason, Jerimiah Goodale, George Grommisch, Nick Hair, James Hanchild (Handsheidt), George Hanchild, Hannah Hanchild, Henry Hanchild, Karline Hanchild, John R. Hartwell, Joseph Henry, Trume Higginson, John Higginson, William Hilger, Mathew Hilger, Nicholas Hopefield, P. Howard, William Howe (Hase,Haws), Edwin Howe, Catherine Ingham, Malcomb(Malcolm) S. Irvine, Thomas W. Jenjes, Paul Jennings, H. S. Johnson, Buckley Jurgens, John H. Keep, James H. Keep, Oliver D. Kennedy, Ed. Kennedy, Frank King, Sidney Kloeden, William Kopp, Xavier Kratke (Kratkie), Paul Kratke, Mrs. Paul (Darkus) Krum, (Crumb), Hiram Landon, William Le Brash, Mr. & Mrs. Lemlein, Martin Lemlein, Martin Lemlein, Katharine Little, Daniel Lowry, Thomas J. Marshall, Henry Marvin, John B. Maxwell, A.(Amos) S. Moore, William S. Nichols, Benj(amin) D. Norris, D. G. Ramsdel(Ramsdale), Joe Rep, S. Rowland, E. S. Schnetz, Stephen Scott, W. Selfridge, George Shannon, Capt. A. B. Lee Shober, John H. Smith, S. Somerville, John C. Somerville, Sophronia Stevens, Ed. Lee Strait, Trume Tibbetts, John H. Van Sands, L.(Lucius) J. Walden, Joseph Walworth, Ed. Wells, B. Wells, Frank [[Weydert-11 | Weydert, Paul]] [[Geyermann-2 |Weydert, Mary A.]] [[Weydert-35 | Weydert,Peter C.]] White, George W. '''THE FISK TRAIN, 1864''' Apgur (Apgar) Milo Bowels, William Brumbaugh, Isaac Burson, George W. Chemidlin, August Clark, Charles J. Delany, Joseph Dibb, William D. Dits, Thomas Jefferson Dostaler, Louis Dow, Henry S. Fewer, Walter Fisk, Van Haden Fuller, N. J. Greaves (Grimes), Walter Harris, William E. Johnson, James Johnston, Damuel H. Larned, Horatio H. Larned, William L. Larned, Elizabeth Lennon, Isaac P. Libby, Charles L. Libby, William W. Lovering (Loverin) Robert A. Marsh, George W. Mitchell, Eugene F. Neudick, Louis Salmon, Billy Semper, Joseph H. Shuler (Shular), Benjamin Shuler (Shular) Robert G. Sims, Charles F. Sims, Erwin W. Smith, W. Ellis Sykes, Harry N. Wilson George '''THE HOLMES TRAIN, 1866''' Barron, Norman Beebe, Fred Blackmore, Lew Brown Luther M. Cantankerous Jack Christie, Hugh Davis, William Doyle, John Easterly, Allen M. Erwin, David Erwin, Eugene Erwin, Sidney H. Freeman, Henry Fuller, Randall ( Randolph) Hare, James Henderson, John Irving, Thomas W. Johnstone, James Johnstone, William Kidd, Bill McAndrews, James McCall, Neil McCall, Silas McGuire, Pat McLoud, Donald Medworth, John O'Brien, Richard Palmer, Frank Parisian, Jean Peck, Harrison J. Pierce, Parker Sears, Caleb Sears, Mary A. Sears, Eugene C. Sears, Ida May Warner, H. L. White, Bob Wickersham, M. R. Wickersham, Price Windslow (Winslow), James '''THE FISK TRAIN, 1866''' Adrlance, Cornelius B. Ahne(r)man, Joseph Anderson, Joseph Anseny, John Barber, Charles Barber, Helen E. Barber, Orlando B. Barber, Samantha Barker, H.(Hiram) E. Barker, T. R. Bassett, George W. Bassett, Gilbert Bassett, Gilbert B. O. Bassett, Mary (Smith) Bassett, Mary (Harkness) Bassett, Samuel S. Bateman, Ira. Bateman, Eliza Bateman, James F. Bateman, Robert M. Beaupre, Philip Bennett, James Beyer, August Blake, Major (Francis) Briggs, Benjamin H. Briggs, Carmelia Brown, D (Daniel) P. Brown, M. A. Burson, George W. Bussell, J. (Jotham) S. Butler, Benjamin F. Chapin, B. W. Chapin, Henry H. Chapin, I. Chemidlin, Nicholas T. Clark, Patrick Clawson, Timothy E. Cobb, H. (Hiram) A. Cook, Joe E. Cullen, Charles Cullen, Kimball Cullen, William E. Cummings, Charles W. Cunningham, Alex Curtiss, (D.) Benjamin Darret, Morice Davis, John (H.) Davis, R. Dedrick, William H. Delany (Delaine), Andrew Delany, Joseph Dexter, Wheeler O. Dibb, Thomas Diedrick, Philip Dodge, Joe Doyle, James Durfee, James E. Eckford, Peter Elmer, Peter Elphie Jr., Caleb English, George H. Erridge, H. Evans, John H. Fadden, Joseph Farrel, Dennis Farwell (Farewell) John Fenton, John W. Fisk, Andrew Jackson Fisk, Dell Fisk, Lydia Fisk, John C. S. Fisk, Robert Emmet Fisk, Van Haden Fletcher, Thomas J. A. Fletcher, William H. Foh(e)r, William French, H. M. Fuller, Thomas P. Gammon, William Garlington, Edwin A. Garlington, James Geer, Henry (C.) Getchel, J. B. Glidden, W. B. Gordon, R. E. Green, George Gustner, Joseph Halloway, John Ham, W. S. Hampson, Eli Hannum, A. C. Hardy, Nathan Harlan, Wilson B. Harmon, James F. Harris, William Harrison, W. A. Hezekiah, John Hicks, George Hicks, Jack Hoback, Richard Hoback, William Holland, William Holmes, Charles Holt, Major (l. O.) Hostetler, J. T. (F.) Illingworth, William H. Jackson, John Jacobs, Freedom Jellison, Samuel B. Johnson, Andrew Johnson, Lixer Kemp, Jack Kern, John Kober, George C. Lane ____(A. S. Laine) Larimer, Robert Larkin, William T. Lee, Mary Jane Leech, John Leech, Robert Lester, John Liberty, Stephen Lindahl, S. Little, Oscar Long, Richard S. Lowry, Milner R. Lowry, Morrow P. Lusk, Judson D. Maas (Maes), William McCourt, John McCourt, Thomas McCrai, Peter McIntyre, William H. McKnight, Jo (Josehp H.) McKusick, Freeman L. McLean, Isaac Maginnis, Martin Malben, Benjamin Martin, David May, B. W. ( William B.) Mayhew, George V. Metzelder, Derk (Dreschricht) Middleton, John Miller, M. H. Millet(t), John W. Mills, John B. Moore, John Mothey, Henry Moulton, Ephraim F. Nevin, O. B. Newhall, A. Nickels (Nichols) John Norton (Morton) Harry Noyes, Alva J. Noyes, Amy Noyes, Maud Olden, Elijah Olds, V. W. Overn, Edward Paine, W. H. Parkhurst, Rossell Payton, Isaac N. Pease, Frank Reilly, Patrick Reynolds, L (Lyman) Riley, Luke Robi(n)son, Frank Robinson, Henry Roesser (Roesier) Michael Rogers, John D. Rollett(e), Joseph Rose, John Ryan, William A. C. Schibell, G. Shaw, William A. Sims, Charles F. Sims, Erwin W. Sims, Mrs. Erwin Sinclair, James Spangler, Casper Sperry, De Forrest Sperry, George W. Sprague, B. L. and family Sprague, V. B. Sprankle (Sprangle) Dan Stackpole, A. M. Starbuck, M. and family Steele, Henry B. and family 'Stuart, Charles R. Taillefer, Alfred Terrell, Jack (J. M.) Thomas, Charles Tibbetts (Tibbitts), George Topping, Nathaniel B. Trask, William C. Tromblie (Trombley), Charles Tubbs, G. W. Van Etten, Thomas Wallace, C. H. Watson, W. H. Weeden, Henry G. White, I. N. Whitney, J. F. Williams, Kate Wilson, James Winnet, Frederick S. Winney ( Winnet), Charles Wise, George E. Yost, Byron W. Zitzman(Fitzman), Fred '''THE DAVY TRAIN, 1867''' Ai(t)kin, Jarvis Ai(t)kin, Nellie Anderson, Alma A. Anderson, Charles Anderson, Gustave (Gustaf) Anderson, Helena Anderson, Samuel Anderson, Christina L. Aplin, James Alpin, Mrs. James Barker, Mr. & Mrs. O. C. Beatty, Samuel Benham, H. A. (Harriet) Benham, Isaac Benham, William B. Brewer, Thomas Cadman, William Cahill, William Cahill, two sisters Cameron, Alex Cameron, Angus Choler, John Crane, Thomas C. Davy, Peter B. Detrick, Ole Dixon ( Dickson), Charles Dixon, Charlote Dixon, two daughters Dixon, James W. Donnel, James Donnel, John Dorrington, Thomas Doty, C. T. Dueber (Duda), Peter Eckland, P. Epp, Adam Fenchmaker, J. Fleischmann, (Peter) Fleischmann, (Margret) Fountain, Edward Gates, Charles and children Gates, Regina Green, Wilbur Harrison, George Hastman, Peter and family Hazen, Benjamin M. Henry, Louis Hertzel, Theodore Hilger, David Henderson Hilger, Louisa Hilger, Mary Hilger, Nicholas Hilger, Regina Hilger, Susan Hilger, Willie Hoffman, H. Holm, Andrew Horner, J Jacobs, Katharina Jacobs, Nicholas and family Johnson, J. Johnson, William Kirschner (Kirchnor), Michael Krall, Michael and family Larsher, Alexis and family Larson, H. Lewis, William Lovering, Robert A. Lueg, Henry Lusk, William McAlister, John McDermot, John McKillop, William McLaughlin, E. and family Manuel, Mose(s) Mariell, A. Martin, Henry Merrill, Nehemiah D. Miller, Joseph and family Mills, Sanford Nibler, George Nibler, John and family Nibler, Joseph and family Nibler, Anna Nibler, Margaret Nibler, Michael and family Nibler, Terasea Olson, A. Olson, O. Olson, T. Osland, Andrew (T. Oland) Otto, Henry Peel, W. Peteran, Peter Peterson, J. Powers, T. B. Rea, Benjamin Ridgley, Joshau and wife Rishman, Andrew and family Rishman, Joseph Roesmann, Mr. and Mrs. Rogers, Jacob D. Rosseau, J. C. Sago, H. Schaffner, Thomas and family Schoffen (Shoffen) Thomas Schoffen, Susana Schroner, John and family Schroner, Mike and family Schultheis, Michael and family Seaman, Samuel Shapcott, Thomas Smart, Dennis Sperry, B. W. (Burdette) Sperry, M. H. (Miles) Sperry, Nathaniel D. Stetson, L. W. (Lorenzo) Stout, Tenbroeck Stout, (Maggie) Swartz, George and family Swenson, C. O. Temple, Moses Tiffs, Franklin Tollman, Robert and family Trumbull (Trimble) John Vamoigen, H. Wagoner, Charles F. Wald, C. B. Wardell, Franz and family Washburn, J. (James) Waters, Isaac Weber, Mrs. and daughters Weber, Chathame and family Weber, John Wittman (Whitman) Alex Wittmann, John and family Wittmann, Nickolas and family Wright, Edward Young, W. P. Zollner, Mr. & Mrs. and children ===Sources=== USGENWEB

[[Category:Baker-Fancher Party]] [[Category:Trails and Wagon Trains]] [[Category:Johnson County, Arkansas]] [[Category:Marion County, Arkansas]] [[Category:Benton County, Arkansas]] [[Category:Carroll County, Arkansas]] [[Category:Washington County, Utah]] [[Category:Utah History]] [[Category:Mountain Meadows Massacre]] [[Category: Sources by Name]] [[Image:Profile_Photo_s-42.png|10px|Red Bullet]][[Project:Trails_and_Wagon_Trains|Trails and Wagon Trains Project]] ---- {{Westward Ho Sticker}} == Synopsis == The Baker-Fancher party was the name used collectively to describe emigrants to California leaving from the Ozarks in the spring of 1857, primarily from the northwest Arkansas counties of Benton, Carroll, Johnson, and Marion. The group was to be led by [[Fancher-567|Alexander Fancher]], an experienced man previously making the same journey with his brother John Fancher, who remained in California to establish his home. The other organizer was [[Baker-30003|John Twitty Baker]], a well respected gentlemen in the region.Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 22 July 2004. Web. 10 Aug. 2004. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baker%E2%80%93Fancher_party The trip was well publicized, and many smaller parties joined the Baker-Fancher party as it departed Arkansas for the way-point of Salt Lake City, Utah Territory. The collective party was well outfitted with wagons, traveling carriages, a large herd of cattle estimated at close to 1,000 head, oxen, as well as numerous horses. When the groups left Arkansas in April 1857, the estimated total company numbered more than 200 men, women and children. Many of the families in the group were prosperous with ample financial resources to make the journey west. Besides John Twitty Baker from Carroll County, and Alexander Fancher from Benton County, other groups included the Huff train, which also left from Benton, the Mitchell, Dunlapp, and Prewitt trains which left from Marion County, and the Poteet–Tackitt–Jones, Cameron, and Miller trains which left from Johnson County. A Methodist minister from the Poteet–Tackitt–Jones train, Pleasant Tackitt, led the others in worship and prayer services while on their journey.{{Citation Needed}} Other groups and individuals both joined and left the train as it made the westward journey. These parties traveled for various reasons; some to settle permanently in California where friends or family awaited their arrival, some joined to drive cattle west for profit, and some to find California gold. Like all emigrant groups traveling to California, they brought money with them and planned to replenish their supplies in Salt Lake City before making the final leg of the trip. The initial journey from northwest Arkansas to the Utah Territory was either uneventful or the events that followed overshadowed any previous troubles, as little is known of the bulk of the period from April to July, 1857. The Arkansans arrived in Utah about August 4th that summer with over 800 head of cattle and were badly in need of resupply when they reached the planned stop in the Salt Lake area. They rested some, but quickly moved south along the [[Space:Trails_and_Wagon_Trains#Old_Spanish_Trail|Old Spanish Trail]] to Mountain Meadows to graze their livestock and prepare for crossing the desert that fall. However, while they rested, the party was attacked and slaughtered over a five day period in mid-September. At the end, only a few infants and toddlers were left alive and none originating with the train made it to California as planned. For additional details about this event, please explore these [[Space:Mountain_Meadows_Massacre#Suggested_Resources|Suggested Resources]]. == The Wagon Train == === Main Party === The following wagon trains and family groups made up the core Baker-Fancher Party:{{Citation Needed}} :'''Benton County Arkansas''' ::Fancher Train ::Huff Party :'''Carroll County, Arkansas''' ::Baker Train :'''Marion County, Arkansas''' ::Mitchell Party ::Dunlapp Party ::Prewitt Party :'''Johnson County, Arkansas''' ::Poteet-Tackitt-Jones Train ::Miller Party ::Cameron Party === Those joining/leaving before reaching Utah Territory === :'''Party or Individual'''{{Citation Needed}} ::Smith ::Morton ::Hudson ::Basham ::Haydon ::Reed ::Stevenson ::Hamilton ::Farmer ::Lafoon/Laffoon ::Poteet === Those leaving in Utah Territory === :'''Party or Individual'''{{Citation Needed}} ::Eaton, William M. ::Edwards, Silas ::Rush, Milum L. ::Stallcup, Charles ::John R. Page Family == Route and Landmarks == Wagon Train Starting Point: [https://www.roadsideamerica.com/story/21940 Harrison, AR]“Mountain Meadows Massacre Monument, Harrison, Arkansas.” RoadsideAmerica.com, https://www.roadsideamerica.com/story/21940. The Baker-Fancher Party followed the [[Space:Trails_and_Wagon_Trains#Old_Spanish_Trail |Old Spanish Trail]] from Salt Lake City to Mountain Meadows. Skirmish Point: [https://goo.gl/maps/LzGFudC9zpgYc19eA Mountain Meadows Massacre Site]“Google Maps", https://goo.gl/maps/LzGFudC9zpgYc19eA. == Mountain Meadows Massacre == The [[Space:Mountain_Meadows_Massacre|Mountain Meadows Massacre]] was a series of attacks on the Baker-Fancher emigrant wagon train while camped at the meadow. Nearby militia leaders, primarily Mormon settlers and a few Paiute natives, made plans to attack the wagon train. The siege began on September 7, 1857 and culminated on September 11, 1857, resulting in the mass slaughter of most in the emigrant party. Those spared by the assailants were children deemed too young to tell anyone of the events.Thompson, Jacob (1860). "Message of the President of the United States: communicating, in compliance with a resolution of the Senate, information in relation to the massacre at Mountain Meadows, and other massacres in Utah Territory, 36th Congress, 1st Session, Exec. Doc. No. 42". Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of the Interior.. https://archive.org/details/messageofpreside00unitrich. For additional details about this event, please explore the [[Space:Mountain_Meadows_Massacre|Mountain Meadows Massacre]] WIkiTree page. === Victims === ==== Deceased ==== [[Space:Mountain_Meadows_Massacre#Deceased|List of Deceased]] located on the Mountain Meadows Massacre WikiTree page. ==== Survivors ==== The following year the U.S. Government repatriated seventeen of the young ones to their families in northwest Arkansas, finally delivering them home in September 1859. (Johnson 57 - 63) [[Space:Mountain_Meadows_Massacre#Survivors|List of Survivors]] located on the Mountain Meadows Massacre WikiTree page. == Linking to this Page == * To refer to this page in the text of another WikiTree page, enter the following code in the text: :::[[Space:Baker-Fancher_Party|Baker-Fancher Party]] * [[Special:Whatlinkshere/{{FULLPAGENAME}}|List of WikiTree profiles linking to this page.]] == Sources ==

[[Project:California_Gold_Rush|California Gold Rush Project]] '''The California Gold Rush Project is a Sub-Project of the [[Project:California|California Project]]''' ==Welcome to the California Gold Rush Space Page== [[Image:Profile Photo s-180.jpg |400px|??]] ==Profiles== *[[Adams-16872|Grizzly Adams]] *[[Charbonneau-233|Jean Baptiste Charbonneau]] *[[Strauss-196|Levi Strauss]] *[[Houghton-706|Sherman Otis Houghton]] *[[Grant-468|US Grant]] *[http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_people_associated_with_the_California_Gold_Rush People Associated with the California Gold Rush] ==External Links== *[[Project:Oklahoma_Land_Rush|Famous People from the Gold Rush]] *[http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/californiagoldrush.htm Eye Witness to History] - The California Gold Rush, 1849 *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Gold_Rush Wikipedia: California Gold Rush] *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_frontier Wikipedia] - American Frontier *[http://californiagenealogy.org/ California Genealogy] *[https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/goldrush-chinese-immigrants/ Chinese Immigrants and the California Gold Rush] *[http://www.bing.com/search?q=California+Gold+Rush+Map&FORM=R5FD2 California Gold Rush Map] *[http://ocp.hul.harvard.edu/immigration/goldrush.html Harvard Immigration in the US - 1789-1930, California Gold Rush] *[http://www.history.com/news/8-things-you-may-not-know-about-the-california-gold-rush Little Known Facts] *[https://www.nevadacountygold.com/about/nevada-county-history/california-gold-rush-stories California Gold Rush, Nevada County Gold] *[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2149899/The-American-West-youve-seen-Amazing-19th-century-pictures-landscape-chartered-time.html Daily Mail] - How the Wild West REALLY looked - sepia-tinted pictures show the landscape as it was charted for the very first time *[http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/californiagoldrush.htm Eye Witness to History] - The California Gold Rush, 1849 *[http://www.archives.com/experts/lang-ruth/california-gold-rush-records.html California Gold Rush Records] *[http://www.westernmininghistory.com/state/california/ California Mining Towns, Western Mining History] *[https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/films/goldrush/ PBS American Experience Gold Rush] *[https://www.pbs.org/food/the-history-kitchen/food-california-gold-rush/ Food and the California Gold Rush] *[http://www.foothill.net/fta/hist/ditches.html Gold Rush Links] *[http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist/chron1.html California Gold Rush Chronology] *[http://ocp.hul.harvard.edu/immigration/railroads.html Railroads to the West] *[http://books.google.com/books/about/They_Saw_the_Elephant.html?id=0Q8VAAAAYAAJ They Saw the Elephant, Story of Women in the Gold Rush] book review only ===Gold Rush Towns=== [[Image:California Gold Rush Space Page-8.jpg|550px|]] ::::'''San Francisco during the Gold Rush''' *[http://seniorfan.com/2008/09/gold-rush-history-49ers-left-rich-legacy-of-outrageous-names/ Curious Names] 49ers Left Rich Legacy of Outrageous Names *[http://www.historichwy49.com/goldrush.html Historic Highway-49] *[http://mercedcountyevents.com/gold-rush-foothills/ Gold Rush Towns of the Central Foothills] *[http://www.westernmininghistory.com/state/california/ California Mining Towns] *[http://www.foothill.net/fta/hist/ditches.html Historic Mining Ditches Near Foresthill] *[http://www.foothill.net/alta/dfhistor.htm History of Dutch Flat] *[http://midtown.net/mirish/eldorado/default.htm El Dorado County Genealogy] *[http://www.mariposaresearch.net/ Genealogy, Mariposa Gold Rush] *[http://www.calhist.org/Support_Info/CHAs.htmld/CHA-Placer.html Placer County Historical Agency] ===Cemeteries=== Each of the sites below have a link to [https://cagenweb.org/ The California GenWeb] Project. This includes data from the [http://www.usgwtombstones.org/california/californ.html Tombstone Transcription Project]. For other counties, try the link above first. * [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/cemetery/amador-county-california-cemetery-records.htm Amador County Cemetery records] * [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/cemetery/el-dorado-county-california-cemetery-records.htm El Dorado County Cemetery Records] * [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/cemetery/calaveras-county-california-cemetery-records.htm Calaveras County Cemetery records] ===True Tales=== *[http://nevada-outback-gems.com/gold_rush_tales/california_gold_rush1.htm True Tales of the Gold Rush] diaries, letters and other first hand accounts *[http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/13002 What I Saw in California, Bryant] Project Gutenburg, ''free download'' *[https://archive.org/details/diaryafortynine01canfgoog Diary of a 49er C.L. Canfield] *[http://www.gutenberg.org/files/40467/40467-h/40467-h.htm Indian and Scout by Capt. F.S. Brereton] *[https://archive.org/details/Gold_Rush_California_Gold Rush to Riches] *[http://books.google.com/books?id=lQ6ekLo9SHEC&dq=dame+shirley&pg=PP1&hl=en The Shirley Letters from the California Mines] *[http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/cbhtml/ Library of Congress: California as I Saw it] collection of first hand accounts *[http://www.jstor.org/stable/3633461 Sarah Royce's Diary] ===Maps=== [[Image:California Gold Rush Space Page-7.jpg|350px|]] *[http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/goldrush/map/ PBS Map] *[http://www.blm.gov/pgdata/etc/medialib/blm/wo/MINERALS__REALTY__AND_RESOURCE_PROTECTION_/energy.Par.28664.File.dat/MiningClaims.pdf Mining Claims and Sites on Federal Land] *[http://www.usminer.com/ US Miner: Placer Gold Maps] *[http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=5VB0P0d2Tjg Youtube: Google Earth, Abandoned Gold Claims] *[http://www.goldmapsonline.com/california-gold-map.html California Gold Maps Online] *[http://www.ethosgeo.com/#!claims-info/c1sb5 US Mining Claims] *[http://www.treasurenet.com/forums/gold-prospecting/166821-gold-maps-online-check-out-gold-mining-claims.html Treasurenet: Active and Abandoned Mining Claims] *[http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=rtBG8t7Yo0Y Youtube: Mormon Island Ruins under Fossil Lake] ===Popular Culture=== *[http://www.goodreads.com/list/show/29263.California_Gold_Rush_Fiction Goodreads:Gold Rush Fiction] ''32 books'' *[http://m.imdb.com/title/tt0082132/ ''California Gold Rush''] tv movie *[http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/goldrush/ PBS, The American Experience: ''California Gold Rush'']

[[Category: Cowboys and Cowgirls]] :If you’re interested in joining the [[Project: Cowboys and Cowgirls|Cowboys and Cowgirls Project]], please see [[Project: Cowboys and Cowgirls]]. *The Cowboys and Cowgirls Project is a Sub-Project of the [[Project:Westward_Ho|Westward Ho Project]]. *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fnOX45S8Ul8 Youtube] - Images of Old West Cowboys The Cowboy and Cowgirl free space page is for those who have WikiTree profiles of cowboys, cowgirls, ranch hands, and cattle/horse herders and their families.Belle Star,Bat Materson,Annie Oakley,Pawnee Bill,May Lilliee and a number of other famous Wild Wild West personalities have been listed as Cowboys and Cowgirls.
{{Image|file=Photos-944.png |align=c |size=500 |caption= }} [[Image: Photos-9.png|210px]] *[[Bassett-1556|Ann Bassett]] - Ann Bassett was also known as Queen Ann Bassett,she was a female rancher and cattle rustler of the Wild West *[[Leroy-236|Kitty Leroy]] - was a gunfighter, gambler, performer,saloon owner, prostitute, trick shooter of the Old West. *[[Watson-8008|Ella Watson]] - was known as Cattle Kate, a outlaw of the Old West. Accused of cattle rustling,she was the first woman lynched in the Wyoming Territory. {{Image|file=Photos-944.png |align=c |size=500 |caption= }} [[Image: Photos-10.png|210px]] *[[Garrett-2971|Pat Garrett]] - Pat Garrett was a Cowboy, American Buffalo Hunter, lawman,Customs Agent and bartender in the old West. *[[Lillie-288|Gordon Lillie]] - known as Pawnee Bill he was an American showman his specialty was Wild West shows, he was known for his partnership with Buffalo Bill.He led a group of four thousand in the Land Run of April 22, 1889. *[[Owens-3111|Perry Owens]] - was an American Cowboy,lawman and gunfighter of the Old West.He was known for the Owens-Blevins Shootout in Arizona Territory during the Pleasant Valley War. [[Image: Photos-824.png|114px]][[Image: Photos-827.png|125px]][[Image: Photos-828.png|122px]][[Image: Photos-822.png|129px]] '''Resources''' *[http://www.jimwegryn.com/Names/Cowboys3.htm Jim Wegryn] - Famous Cowboys and Cowgirls, i.e., Cowpeople *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cowboys_and_cowgirls Wikipedia] - List of cowboys and cowgirls *[http://www.pkwy.k12.mo.us/INTRA/PROFESSIONAL/STUDENT_WORK/west_web/KatieM_AshC.htm pkwy.k12.mo.us] - Cowboys and Cowgirls of the Old West *[http://www.thewildwest.org/ The Wild West] - Cowboys,Native American and American History *[http://www.legendsofamerica.com/we-cowboys.html Legends of America] - Cowboys, Trail Blazers, & Stagecoach Drivers '''Images''' *[http://www.pinterest.com/HairBerdasher/legends-of-the-old-west-famous-cowboys-cowgirls-of/ Pinterest] - Legends Of The Old West: Famous Cowboys & Cowgirls Of Film & Television *[http://www.pinterest.com/glrlongoria/cowboys-lawmen-and-badmen/ Pinterest] - Cowboys ,Lawmen and Badmen. *[http://www.pinterest.com/rideralways/cowboys-cowgirls-outlaws-and-the-wild-west/ Pinterest] - Cowboys, cowgirls, outlaws and the Wild West -----------------------------------

This rescue was one of the first organized disaster rescue efforts in the early history of the United States. This page will be used to provide more information about the rescue of the Donner party, and will be a collection point for rescuer's names. == Research Notes == * https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donner_Party#Rescue * https://user.xmission.com/~octa/DonnerParty/Rescuers.htm * https://user.xmission.com/~octa/DonnerParty/Sources.htm * https://www.octa-trails.org/

[[Category: Westward Ho]] [[Category: Homesteaders]] [[Category: US Pioneers and Settlers]] [[Image:Homesteaders-5.jpg|150px]] This project page is to provide information for the Homesteaders who applied for free land under the Homestead Act of 1862. The Homestead Act was signed by Pres. Abraham Lincoln on May 20, 1862 and would remain in effect for more than 100 years. It's purpose was to offer public land grants to small farmers in order to settle the western United States. Any adult American citizen including freed slaves, or immigrants who have filed a Declaration of Intention for citizenship could file a claim for up to 160 acres of free federal land. === Qualifications for a Land Grant: === [[Image:Homesteaders-14.jpg|250px]] #Citizen of the United States or proof of a filed Declaration of Intention for immigrants #Has never taken up arms against the United States government #Over 21 years of age or the Head of a family #Live on the land continuously for 5 years, having built a home and made improvements #Pay Filing Fee of $18 or $10 for temporary claim hold Settlers also had the option of obtaining the land only after a 6 month residence if they purchased the property outright for $1.25 an acre. Between 1862 and 1986, about 10% of all land in the United States amounting to 420,000 square miles, was transferred to private land owners. It is estimated that 1.6 million homesteads were granted. Only about 40% of the applicants were able to settle up on their claim and obtain title to their land. Homestead Application Papers can be a wealth of genealogical information. In order to prove up on their claim, citizenship papers, marriage or death certificates, newspaper articles, family Bible pages and affidavits may have been included, especially if the original claimant died and the family is trying to complete the process. The application often mentions the names of other family members, neighbors and previous residences. They also describe any improvements that were made to the property. See the full list of [http://www.genealogyforum.com/gfaol/resource/land3.htm 44 Questions]. === To Order Homestead Application Papers === You can order copies of the applications and related papers through the [http://www.archives.gov/ National Archives] by submitting the [http://www.archives.gov/contact/inquire-form.html#84 NATF Form 84] (request forms from inquire@arch2.nara.gov or order [http://www.archives.gov/research/land/ online].) There is no general name index for these files and they have not been microfilmed. Allow several months to receive your order. :Pre-1908 homestead claims for Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Florida, Louisiana, Nevada and Utah have Name Indexes. For ordering, you need to provide name, state and approximate date of entry. :Pre-1908 homestead claims for California, Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Washington and Wyoming have '''no''' Name Index. For ordering, you need to provide name, state, approximate date of entry and a legal land description or the name of the land office and the land entry file number. ::Except for Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska and Oklahoma, which do not have an electronic index, you can search [http://www.glorecords.blm.gov/default.aspx BLM-GLO] for a legal description of the land for those 40% who were granted a land patent. Keep in mind that this index is for land patents, not land entries, although the unsuccessful attempts at homesteading are also available at the General Land Office. :Post-1908 homestead records are arranged numerically by patent number and name indexes exist for all public domain states. To order a case file for a Post-1908 homestead claim, you need name, state and approximate date of entry. :Post-1908 homesteads in Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, Washington and Wyoming can all be obtained from the General Land Office records posted at [http://www.glorecords.blm.gov/default.aspx BLM-GLO]. Other public domain dates are in the process of being added. === To Search Homestead Certificates of Land Patents === [https://glorecords.blm.gov/search/default.aspx#searchByTypeIndex=0&searchTabIndex=0 BLM-GLO Search link] === Resources === *[http://www.archives.gov/research/genealogy/ National Archives Resources for Genealogists] *[http://www.archives.gov/research/land/ Land Records at the National Archives] *[http://www.archives.gov/contact/inquire-form.html#84 National Archives Order Forms] *[http://www.glorecords.blm.gov/default.aspx Bureau of Land Management-General Land Office]. *[http://www.archives.gov/research/ National Archives Research Room] *[http://www.archives.gov/research/alic/reference/state-archives.html State Archives Listing] *[http://www.nps.gov/home/historyculture/abouthomesteadactlaw.htm Homestead Act]

::[[Image:Profile_Photo_s-42.png|10px|Red Bullet]][[Project:Immigrant_Pioneers|Immigrant Pioneer Project]] ::[[Image:Profile_Photo_s-42.png|10px|Red Bullet]]'''Immigrant Pioneers Project is a Sub-Project of the [[Project:Westward_Ho|Westward Ho Project]]''' ------------------------------------- {{Westward Ho | sub-project = Immigrant Pioneers }} ---------------------------- [[Image: Photos-858.png |140px|??]] '''A painting of the Immigrant ship Oder ===Profiles=== ==Resources== *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottish_American Wikipedia: Scottish American] *[http://www.ushistory.org/us/25f.asp German and Irish Immigration] *[http://www.everyculture.com/multi/Pa-Sp/Scottish-and-Scotch-Irish-Americans.html Scottish and Scotch-Irish] *[https://www.facebook.com/HeritageStage English Heritage, FaceBook] *[http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/wpa:@field(DOCID+@lit(wpa229091524)) Manuscripts from the Federal Writers’ Project, 1936-1940.]Wrenn, Sara, WPA worker.“[Early Pioneer Life].” Text (oral history) ::Portland, OR: WPA L.C. Project, 1940. From Library of Congress *[http://www.historynet.com/westward-expansion Historynet.com] - Westward Expansion *[http://www.pinterest.com/kitkat58hotma/wagon-trains-and-cowboys/ Pinterest] - Images of Wagon trains and cowboys *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_date_of_statehood List of US States by Date of Statehood] *[http://classroom.synonym.com/were-new-immigrants-discriminated-against-late-1800s-early-1900s-14075.html Synonym] - Were New Immigrants Discriminated Against in Late 1800s & Early 1900s? *[http://mshistory.k12.ms.us/index.php?id=169 Mississippi History] - The Great Migration to the Mississippi Territory, 1798-1819 *[http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/award99/cubhtml/theme1.html Memory.Lo.Gov] - Chinese and Westward Expansion *[http://www.lonestargenealogy.com/courses/texas/migration.html Lone Star Genealogy] - Research In The Lonestar State Immigration to Texas *[http://www.connerprairie.org/Learn-And-Do/Indiana-History/America-1800 1860/Western-Immigration.aspx Conner Prairie] - Western Immigration *[http://m.independent.ie/opinion/analysis/irish-cowboys-who-tamed-the-west-26357022.html Irish Cowboys that Tamed the West] *[http://www.cabq.gov/humanrights/public-information-and-education/diversity-booklets/irish-american-heritage-in-new-mexico/irish-in-early-new-mexico Irish of New Mexico] *[http://webbasics.iowajmc.com/cmmay/origins/emigration.html Web Basics.com] - The Origin of the Forty- Eighters Leaving the Homeland *[http://www.sdhighlandgames.org/ScottishInfluenceOnAmericanCowboyMusic.html Scottish Influence on American Cowboy Music] *[http://ocp.hul.harvard.edu/immigration/railroads.html Immigration, Railways and the West] *[http://net.lib.byu.edu/fslab/researchoutlines/US/NewMexico.pdf New Mexico Archives] PDF *[http://archive.org/stream/historyofnewmexi02paci/historyofnewmexi02paci_djvu.txt Full Text of New. Mexico...] ===Links to Ship's Passenger Lists=== *[http://www.archives.gov/research/immigration/passenger-arrival.html National Archives Passenger Arrival] *[http://www.angelfire.com/ok3/pearlsofwisdom/ships.html Ships Passenger Records Italian Genealogy] *[http://www.nyarrivals.com/california_passenger_lists.html Arrivals to California, Ship's Passenger Lists] *[http://thegenealogyspot.com/ShipsLists-Online/usa/california.shtml Genealogy Spot, Ship's Passenger Lists to California] links *[http://www.olivetreegenealogy.com/ships/irish_index.shtml Olive Tree Genealogy] Free searchable passenger lists from Ireland to North America *[http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~ote/iriship.htm RootsWeb] Free passenger lists from Ireland to US and Canada *[http://www.immigrantships.net/1800/california780121.html SS California] *[http://www.norwayheritage.com/p_ship.asp?sh=calif Norway Heritage: SS California Hamburg American Line] *[http://www.norwayheritage.com/pasquest.asp Norway Heritage] searchable list of ship's passengers to the US 1825-1873 *[http://www.norwayheritage.com/p_line.asp?ag=ancho&ye=1896&sh=vict1 Norway Heritage Searchable Database of Ships] ==Forty-Eighters== The Forty-Eighters were a group between 4000 - 10,000 Germans who immigrated to the United States, as political refugees following the failed revolutions and social reform movements of 1848.
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forty-Eighters Wikipedia] *[http://www.germanheritage.com/Essays/1848/1848tolzmann.html German Heritage] - The German Forty-Eighters in America *[http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/pnf01 Texas State Historical Society] - Forty-Eighters *[http://civilwartalk.com/threads/german-forty-eighters-impact-the-civil-war-and-nation.12228/ Civil War Talk] - German "Forty-Eighters" Impact the Civil War and Nation. *[http://quod.lib.umich.edu/j/jala/2629860.0034.111/--abraham-lincoln-and-the-german-immigrants-turners-and-forty?rgn=main;view=fulltext Quod.Lib.Umich.Edu] - Abraham Lincoln and the German I mmigrants *[http://yogireppmann.wordpress.com/2014/02/21/forty-eighters-and-friends/ Word Press] - Forty-eighters and Friends *[http://americanjewisharchives.org/publications/journal/PDF/1949_02_01_00_korn.pdf American Jewish Archives] - pdf Jewish 48ers in America *[http://www.watertownhistory.org/articles/fortyeighters.htm Water Town History] - Forty-Eighters leave their mark on Watertown *[http://www.germany.travel/en/ms/german-originality/heritage/timeline/timeline.html Time line of German Travel] - Timeline of Emigration ====Materials Published to Attract Immigrants to the West==== *[http://www.worldcat.org/title/all-about-california-and-the-inducements-to-settle-there/oclc/16782027 All About California: and the Inducements to Settle There, 6th Ed.] San Francisco, California: California Immigrant Union, 1873. *[http://pds.lib.harvard.edu/pds/mobile/index.html?id=3779148&n=1 600,000 Akkers Ijzerenweg Landen te Verkoopen in de Beroemde Yazoo Delta van Mississippi : en Toehoorende aan de Yazoo & Mississippi Valley R.R. Cie. Chicago: s.n.189] ==Maps== *[http://www.tngenweb.org/tnletters/usa-west.htm Tngenweb.org] - Trails West A Map of Early Western Migration Trails *[http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/histus.html University of Texas Library] - Historical Maps of the United States *[http://education.nationalgeographic.com/education/photo/trails-west-1800s/?ar_a=1 National Geographic] - Trails West in the Mid-1800s *[http://www.the-map-as-history.com/demos/tome07/02d-westward_trails-oregon_demo.php The Map as History.com] - MAP OF THE MONTH – Animated Map -Trails of the American West ==Sources==

[[Category:Lewis and Clark Expedition]] {{Image|file=Lewis_and_Clark-1.jpg |align=c |size=500px }} {{Westward Ho | sub-project = Lewis and Clark Expedition }} --------------------- ==Introduction== In 1803, the U. S. Senate, under the guidance of President [[Jefferson-1|Thomas Jefferson]], purchased the Louisiana territory from France. Not knowing what lay beyond in the vast west and hoping to discover a northwest passage that would connect the Mississippi River with the Pacific Ocean, Jefferson initiated an exploration. {{Image|file=Lewis_and_Clark-3.jpg |align=r |size=200px |caption=Expedition Route }} On Oct. 26, 1803, the ''Corps of Discovery'' expedition set out from the Falls of the Ohio, traveling west. This was a military mission consisting of two officers, several sergeants and eventually about twenty-five privates ranging in age from eighteen to thirty-four. The first recruits were know as [[Space:Lewis_and_Clark#Nine Young Men From Kentucky|"the nine young men from Kentucky"]] and others who joined were from Virginia, Pennsylvania or New England. All were skilled woodsmen, with expert hunters, gunsmiths, scouts and boatmen among them. Along the way, they enlisted civilians who included an interpreter who was part-Shawnee, two other men who were part-Omaha, and most notably a teenaged Shoshone girl named Sacajawea, along with her baby boy, accompanying her French-Canadian husband. By the time the Corps returned on Sep. 23, 1806, they had traveled over eight thousand miles, mapping most of them along the way. Jefferson's northwest passage may not have been found, as none existed, but they did find the source of the Missouri River, crossed the Continental Divide and reached the Pacific Ocean. Peaceful contact with at least fifteen different Native American tribes was made, and they discovered and described 178 plants and 122 animals previously unknown. Only one expedition member died, and that was from a probable ruptured appendix. Commonly termed ''The Lewis and Clark Expedition'', the participants of the Corps of Discovery were the first to cross the continent on behalf of the United States. For more than half a century afterward, pioneers who followed could only walk in those intrepid footsteps. ==Corps of Discovery Roster== Those who journeyed from Fort Mandan to Fort Clatsop and returned, except as noted: {{Image|file=Lewis_and_Clark-2.jpg |align=r |size=150px |caption=Clark (Left) & Lewis (Right) }} *''Officers'' **[[Clark-5025|Capt. William Clark]] **[[Lewis-5102|Capt. Meriwether Lewis]] *''Non Commissioned Officers'' **[[Floyd-1432|Charles Floyd]] (died enroute) **[[Gass-210|Patrick Gass]] **[[Ordway-487|John Ordway]] **[[Pryor-525|Nathaniel Pryor]] **[[Warfington-1|Richard Warfington]]* *''Privates'' **[[Boley-380|John Boley]]* **[[Bratton-195|William Bratton]] **[[Collins-7765|John Collins]] **[[Colter-49|John Colter]] **[[Cruzatte-1|Pierre Cruzatte]] **[[Dame-480|John Dame]]* **[[Field-1826|Joseph Field]] **[[Field-1050|Reubin Field]] **[[Frazer-1532|Robert Frazer]] **[[Gibson-20972|George Gibson]] **[[Goodrich-7535|Silas Goodrich]] **[[Hall-51391|Hugh Hall]] **[[Howard-24434|Thomas Howard]] **[[Lepage-747|Jean Baptiste Lepage]] (Newman/Reed replacement) **[[Milhomme-9|Francois (Milhomme) Labuche]] (Labiche) **[[McNeal-936|Hugh McNeal]] **[[Newman-11053|John Newman]]* (dismissed) **[[Potts-4673|John Potts]] **[[Reed-24665|Moses Reed]]* (dismissed) **[[Robertson-20329|John Robertson]]* (dismissed) **[[Shannon-2373|George Shannon]] **[[Shields-5244|John Shields]] **[[Thompson-62996|John Thompson]] **[[Tuttle-4962|Ebenezer Tuttle]]* **[[Weiser-494|Peter M. Weiser]] **[[Werner-2613|William Werner]] **[[White-62323|Isaac White]]* **[[Whitehouse-1889|Joseph Whitehouse]] **[[Willard-1601|Alexander Hamelton Willard]] **[[Windsor-1522|Richard Windsor]] *''Non-Human Member'' **[[Space:Seaman_(Dog)|Seaman (Dog)]] :::*Not part of the Permanent Party. Most were with the April 1805 Return Party from Ft. Mandan, except for John Robertson who left the Corps June 1804. === Attached Civilians === *[[Charbonneau-171|Jean Baptiste Charbonneau]] *[[Unknown-251232|Sacagawea Charbonneau]] *[[Charbonneau-232|Toussaint Charbonneau]] *[[Clark-60836|York Clark]] *[[Dorion-79|Pierre Dorion Sr]] (Newman/Reed replacement) *[[Drouillard-1660|George (Pierre) Drouillard]] :Others associated with the expedition but were not part of the journey: *[[Dorion-92|Pierre Dorion Jr.]] Interpreter === Nine Young Men From Kentucky === The earliest core members of the expedition party were the so-called "nine young men from Kentucky" who were the first recruits for the permanent party. Most of these men had personal, military, and/or family connections with each other and with Meriwether Lewis and William Clark, who trusted them for this mission. The assembly included seven men conditionally approved by Clark and two more by Lewis. ''Clark was an excellent judge of men. He had gathered seven of "the best young woodsmen & Hunters in this part of the Countrey" these were the men awaiting Lewis's approval before being accepted. They included Charles Floyd*, Nathaniel Pryor*, William Bratton, Reubin Field*, Joseph Field*, George Gibson, and John Shields.''
~ Stephen Ambrose The two men selected by Lewis, John Colter and George Shannon, rounded out the company. When these nine men were sworn into the army, in the presence of [[Clark-5011|General George Rogers Clark (1752-1818)]], the Corps of Discovery was born. The "nine" are forever associated with Kentucky in the history of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. After interviewing Clark about the expedition, [[Biddle-319|Nicholas Biddle (1786-1844)]], author/editor of the official expedition history published in 1814, noted that nine of the men were “robust young American citizens from the neighborhood of Louisville.” Clark identified these first recruits as being from Kentucky (although not all of them actually were), and thus in Biddle’s history and those that followed it, they entered the annals of this American epic as the “Nine Young Men from Kentucky.” [https://lewisandclarkinkentucky.org/kentucky-people/the-nine-young-men-from-kentucky/ Lewis and Clark in Kentucky] :* These family groups represented within the "nine": Charles Floyd and Nathaniel Pryor were first cousins, and Reubin Field and Joseph Field were brothers. ==Resources== ===Online Resources=== ====Journals and Maps==== :''"...records indicate that seven of the enlisted men kept journals of the expedition. Although neither of the captains made an official list, the names of five eventually became apparent: Ordway, Floyd, Gass, Whitehouse, and Frazer."'' ~ Morris, The Fate of the Corps :Note: Pryor and Hall are possibly the authors of the other two journals. :'''Journals'''
*University of Nebraska (Lincoln): [http://lewisandclarkjournals.unl.edu/read/?_xmlsrc=lc.links.xml Journals of the Lewis & Clark Expedition] The site features the full text of the journals, and the index enables a user to search the journals using modern spellings of names and to be able to locate all instances of the word. *Project Gutenberg: [http://www.gutenberg.org/files/8419/8419-h/8419-h.htm The Journals of Lewis and Clark, 1804-1806 by William Clark and Meriwether Lewis] :'''Maps'''
* Lewis and Clark Expedition Project [https://www.wikitree.com/index.php?title=Special:BrowsePhotos&l=9100264&p=1 Images and Maps] *Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library: [http://beinecke.library.yale.edu/collections/highlights/lewis-and-clark-expedition-maps-ca-1803-1810 Lewis and Clark Expedition Maps] *David Rumsey Map Collection, Cartography Associates: [http://www.davidrumsey.com/maps694.html Map of Lewis and Clark's Track, Across the Western Portion of North America] ====General Interest==== *Access Genealogy [https://accessgenealogy.com/louisiana/early-explorations-louisiana-territory.htm Early Explorations of Louisiana Territory] *Encyclopedia Britannica: [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/338232/Lewis-and-Clark-Expedition Lewis and Clark Expedition] *[https://lewisandclark.org/ Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation] (LCTHF) **LCTHF: [http://lewis-clark.org/ Discovering Lewis and Clark] *Wikipedia **[[wikipedia:Corps_of_Discovery|Corps of Discovery]] **[[wikipedia:Lewis_and_Clark_Expedition|Lewis and Clark Expedition]] **[[wikipedia:Timeline_of_the_Lewis_and_Clark_Expedition|Timeline of the Lewis and Clark Expedition]] *“The Nine Young Men from Kentucky.” Lewis and Clark in Kentucky, Kentucky Lewis and Clark Bicentennial Commission, 2005, https://lewisandclarkinkentucky.org/kentucky-people/the-nine-young-men-from-kentucky/. ====Media and Film==== *Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) **PBS [http://www.pbs.org/lewisandclark/index.html Lewis & Clark - The Journey of the Corps of Discovery] A Film by Ken Burns **PBS: Echoes of a Bitter Crossing **PBS: Lewis and Clark Among the Tribes *National Geographic - Lewis and Clark: Great Journey West, Documentary ($Netflix) *The Song of Sacajawea, Told by Laura Dern with Music by David Lindley ($Amazon) ====Museums, Parks and Memorials==== *Iowa: [https://www.councilbluffs-ia.gov/2327/Lewis-and-Clark-Monument-Park Council Bluffs, Lewis and Clark Monument Park] *Missouri: [https://mostateparks.com/park/lewis-and-clark-state-park Lewis and Clark State Park] *Missouri: [https://www.jeffersoncitymo.gov/parks/scenic_stops/parks/lewis_and_clark_trailhead_plaza.php Lewis and Clark Trailhead Plaza] Jefferson City, MO *National Parks Service (NPS) **NPS: [https://www.nps.gov/jeff/index.htm Gateway Arch] (Jefferson National Expansion Memorial)
[https://www.archpark.org/visit/points-of-interest/museum-at-the-gateway-arch/jeffersons-vision Museum] Jefferson's Vision **NPS: [https://www.nps.gov/lecl/index.htm Lewis & Clark National Historic Trail]
[https://lewisandclarkcountry.org/ Explore the Lewis Trail] **NPS: [https://www.nps.gov/lewi/index.htm Lewis and Clark National Historic Park] *Nebraska: [http://outdoornebraska.gov/lewisandclark/ Lewis and Clark State Recreation Area] *North Dakota: [https://www.parkrec.nd.gov/lewis-clark-interpretive-center Lewis & Clark Interpretive Center] Fort Mandan *Oregon: Wikipedia: [[wikipedia:Lewis_and_Clark_Memorial_Column|Lewis and Clark Memorial Column]] Washington Park, Portland, OR *USDA Forest Service: [https://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/scnf/recarea/?recid=78594 Lewis and Clark Back Country Byway] ====U.S. Government Documents==== *Library of Congress (LoC) **LoC: [https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/lewisandclark/lewis-overview.html Rivers, Edens, Empires: Lewis & Clark and the Revealing of America] **LoC: [http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.mss/mtj.mtjbib012083 Jefferson's Secret Message re: Lewis and Clark Expedition] *National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) **NARA: [http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/lewis-clark/ Lewis and Clark Expedition] **NARA: [http://www.archives.gov/publications/general-info-leaflets/26-cartographic.html Cartographic and Architectural Records: the Drawings of Lewis and Clark] *U.S. Army Center of Military History: [https://history.army.mil/LC/index.htm Lewis and Clark - Corps of Discovery] ====WikiTree References==== *''[[Space:The Literary Magazine, and American Register|The Literary Magazine, and American Register]]'' (T. and G. Palmer, Philadelphia, 1804) Vol. 1, No. 1, Oct. 1, 1803 ** [https://books.google.com/books?id=9BwAAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA63 Page 63]: "LOUISVILLE AUG 25. An expedition is expected to leave this place shortly, under the direction of Capt. William Clark and Mr. Lewis, (private secretary to the President) to proceed through the immense wilderness of Louisiana to the Western or Pacific ocean. The particular objects of this undertaking are at present matters of conjecture only; but we have good reason to believe, that our government intend to encourage settlements, and establish sea ports, on the coast of the Pacific ocean, which would not only facilitate our whaling and sealing voyages, but enable our enterprising merchants to carry on a more direct and rapid trade with China and the East Indies." ===Offline Resources=== :'''Scholarly Works'''
*[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/956396321 Undaunted Courage] by Stephen Ambrose, ISBN 0684811073; a 1996 biography of Meriwether Lewis of the Lewis and Clark Expedition *[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1064517534 Lewis and Clark: Voyage of Discovery] by Stephen Ambrose, ISBN 0792264738; Published to commemorate the 200th anniversary of America's most famous expedition, a magnificent volume brings to life the Lewis and Clark Trail through moving narrative, elegant commentary, personal selections from the explorers' journals, and lavish photographs that capture the natural beauty of the American West. *[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/902663203 Lewis and Clark Among the Nez Perce: Strangers in the Land of the Nimiipuu] by Allen Pinkham; Steven Ross Evans; Frederick E Hoxie, ISBN 0983405980
''(A) thoughtful review and reconciliation of oral and written history of the Nez Perce people with the often abbreviated narratives and sometimes cryptic jottings of the expedition's journalists.'' *[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1065290479 The fate of the corps : what became of the Lewis and Clark explorers after the expedition] by Larry E. Morris , ISBN 0300109725 ===Children's Resources=== *[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/436028470 Seaman's Journal: On the Trail with Lewis and Clark] by Patti Reeder Eubank, ISBN 0824956192
From the perspective of the Newfoundland dog belonging to Meriwether Lewis *WorldCat - pre-filtered searches for juvenile audience: **[https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=corps+of+discovery+lewis+and+clark&dblist=638&fq=fm%3Ajuv&qt=facet_fm%3A_audience Corps of Discovery] **[https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=william+clark&dblist=638&fq=fm%3Ajuv&qt=facet_fm%3A_audience William Clark] **[https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=meriwether+lewis&dblist=638&fq=fm%3Ajuv&qt=facet_fm%3A_audience Meriwether Lewis] **[https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=sacajawea&dblist=638&fq=fm%3Ajuv&qt=facet_fm%3A_audience Sacajawea] or [https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=sacagawea&dblist=638&fq=fm%3Ajuv&qt=facet_fm%3A_audience Sacagawea] :'''Educator Resources'''
*NARA - Educator Resources: [http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/lewis-clark/ Lewis and Clark Expedition] * Bennett, Pamela J, editor. “Lewis and Clark – Indiana Connections: Introducing the ‘Nine Young Men from Kentucky’ and York, Clark’s Slave.” The Indiana Historian, Jan. 2003, pp. 12–13, https://www.in.gov/history/for-educators/download-issues-of-the-indiana-historian/lewis-and-clark-indiana-connections/. [https://www.in.gov/history/files/lewisandclark.pdf Entire Issue PDF] *Raising our Kids [http://www.raisingourkids.com/coloring-pages/patriotic/american-history/032-lewis-and-clark.html Lewis and Clark History coloring sheet] *ThoughtCo. [https://www.thoughtco.com/lewis-and-clark-worksheets-1832338 Lewis and Clark Worksheets and Coloring Pages] *Crayola.com [http://www.crayola.com/free-coloring-pages/print/lewis-and-clark-expedition-coloring-page/ Lewis and Clark Coloring Page]

[[Category:Carroll County, Arkansas]] [[Category:Washington County, Utah]] [[Category:Utah History]] [[Category:Utah_War]] [[Category:Mountain Meadows Massacre]] [[Category: Sources by Name]] [[Image:Profile_Photo_s-42.png|10px|Red Bullet]][[Project:Trails_and_Wagon_Trains|Trails and Wagon Trains]] ---- == Synopsis == The Mountain Meadows massacre was a series of attacks on the [[Space:Baker-Fancher_Party|Baker-Fancher]] emigrant wagon train at Mountain Meadows, a rest stop along the [[Space:Trails_and_Wagon_Trains|Old Spanish Trail]] in southern Utah. The wagon train, mostly families from northwest Arkansas, was bound for California on a route that passed through the Utah Territory, during a time of conflict later known as the Utah War. After arriving in Salt Lake City, the Baker–Fancher party made their way south along the Old Spanish Trail, eventually stopping to rest at Mountain Meadows. While the emigrants were camped at the meadow, nearby militia leaders made plans to attack the wagon train. The militia was primarily comprised of Mormon settlers but also included some Paiute natives. The attacks began on September 7, 1857 and culminated on September 11, 1857, resulting in the mass slaughter of most in the emigrant party. Those spared by the assailants were children deemed too young to tell anyone of the events. The following year the U.S. Government repatriated seventeen of the young ones to their families in northwest Arkansas, finally delivering them home in September 1859.Thompson, Jacob (1860). "Message of the President of the United States: communicating, in compliance with a resolution of the Senate, information in relation to the massacre at Mountain Meadows, and other massacres in Utah Territory, 36th Congress, 1st Session, Exec. Doc. No. 42". Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of the Interior.. https://archive.org/details/messageofpreside00unitrich. Almost twenty years elapsed before the investigations, delayed due to the U.S. Civil War, were concluded. Only one man was held accountable for the massacre, [[Lee-8082|John D. Lee]]. He was tried in two separate court cases, the first ending in a hung jury. He was eventually convicted during the second trial and sentenced to death. On March 23, 1877, Lee was executed at Mountain Meadows near the very spot of the atrocity. Controversy swirled around the events of September 1857 until almost the end of the twentieth century. A 1950 book by Juanita Brooks renewed interest and debate in the matter. In 1990 a private association of survivor families constructed a large monument at Mountain Meadows. In 1999 the LDS Church erected a memorial near the site. Finally, in 2007 at the 150th anniversary ceremony, an elder of the LDS Church attended the events officially ending the boycott of taking responsibility for the incident. == Baker-Fancher Party Wagon Train == [[Space:Baker-Fancher_Party#The_Wagon_Train|List of wagon trains and family groups]] making up the Baker-Fancher Party. == List of Victims == === Deceased === This list is not definitive or official. :Aden ::William Allen Aden, 19 :Baker & Beller ::[[Baker-34760|George Baker]], 27 ::[[Beller-136|Manerva A Beller Baker]], 25 ::[[Baker-41843|Mary Lovina Baker]], 7 ::[[Beller-181|Melissa Ann Beller]], 14 -Ward of George and Manerva Baker ::[[Beller-182|David W Beller]], 12 - Ward of George and Manerva Baker ::[[Baker-30003|John T. Baker]], 52 ::[[Baker-39049|Abel Baker]], 19 :Beach ::John Beach, 21 :Cameron ::William Cameron, 51 ::Martha Cameron, 51 ::Tillman Cameron, 24 ::Isom Cameron, 18 ::Henry Cameron, 16 ::James Cameron, 14 ::Martha Cameron, 11 ::Larkin Cameron, 8 ::William Cameron's niece, Nancy, 12 (Disputed) :Deshazo ::Allen P. Deshazo, 20 :Dunlap ::[[Dunlap-2402|Jesse Dunlap Jr.]], 39 ::[[Wharton-1971|Mary Wharton Dunlap]], 39 ::[[Dunlap-2403|Ellender Dunlap]], 18 ::[[Dunlap-2404|Nancy M. Dunlap]], 16 ::[[Dunlap-2405|James D. Dunlap]], 14 ::[[Dunlap-2406|Lucinda Dunlap]], 12 ::[[Dunlap-2407|Susannah Dunlap]], 12 ::[[Dunlap-2408|Margarette Dunlap]], 11 ::[[Dunlap-2409|Mary Dunlap]], 9 ::[[Dunlap-2229|Lorenzo Dunlap]], 42 ::[[Wharton-1910|Nancy Wharton Dunlap]], 42 ::[[Dunlap-2393|Thomas J. Dunlap]], 17 ::[[Dunlap-2394|John H. Dunlap]], 16 ::[[Dunlap-2395|Mary Ann Dunlap]], 13 ::[[Dunlap-2396|Talitha Emaline Dunlap]], 11 ::[[Dunlap-2397|Nancy Dunlap]], 9 ::[[Dunlap-2398|America Jane Dunlap]], 7 :Eaton ::William M. Eaton :Edwards ::Silas Edwards :Fancher ::[[Fancher-567|Alexander Fancher]], 45 ::[[Ingrum-51|Eliza Ingrum Fancher]], 32 ::[[ Fancher-766|Hampton Fancher]], 19 ::[[Fuller-15781|Frances "Fanny" Fulfer Fancher]] (Disputed) ::[[Fancher-773|Robert Fancher]], 19 ::[[Fancher-767|William Fancher]], 17 ::[[Fancher-768|Mary Fancher]], 15 ::[[Fancher-769|Thomas Fancher]], 14 ::[[Fancher-770|Martha Fancher]], 10 ::[[Fancher-771|Sarah G. Fancher]], 8 ::[[Fancher-772|Margaret A. Fancher]], 7 ::[[Fancher-774| James Mathew Fancher]], 25 :Huff ::Saladia Ann Brown Huff ::William Huff ::Elisha Huff and two other sons :Jones ::John Milum Jones, 32 ::Eloah Angeline Tackitt Jones, 27 and daughter ::Newton Jones :McEntire ::Lawson A. McEntire, 21 :Miller ::Josiah (Joseph) Miller, 30 ::Matilda Cameron Miller, 26 ::James William Miller, 9 :Mitchell ::[[Mitchell-24566|Charles R. Mitchell]], 23 ::[[Baker-39048|Sarah C. Baker Mitchell]], 21 ::[[Mitchell-24567|John Mitchell]], Infant ::Joel D. Mitchell, 23 :Prewit ::John Prewit, 20 ::William Prewit, 18 :Rush ::[[Rush-4807|Milum Lafayette Rush]], 28 :Stallcup ::Charles Stallcup, 25 (Disputed) :Tackitt ::[[Tackett-277|Cynthia Tackitt]], 49 ::[[Tackett-279|Marion Tackitt]], 20 ::[[Tackett-280|Seborn Tackitt]], 18 ::[[Tackett-281|Matilda Tackitt]], 16 ::[[Tackett-282|James M. Tackitt]], 14 ::[[Tackett-283|Jones M. Tackitt]], 12 ::[[Tackett-278|Pleasant Tackitt]], 25 ::[[Miller-44830|Armilda Miller Tackitt]], 22 :Wilson ::Richard Wilson :Wood ::[[Wood-13667|Solomon R. Wood]], 20 ::[[Wood-13668|William Wood]], 26 === Survivors === The following children (age in 1857) were returned to their families in northwest Arkansas, September 1859, except as noted: (Thompson 57) :Children of [[Baker-34760|George]] and [[Beller-136|Manerva]] Baker ::[[Baker-41844|Martha (Baker) Terry]], 5 ::[[Baker-41845|Sarah (Baker) Mitchell]], 3 ::[[Baker-41838|William Twitty Baker]], 9 months :Daughters of [[Dunlap-2402|Jesse]] and [[Wharton-1971|Mary]] Dunlap ::[[Dunlap-2410|Rebecca (Dunlap) Evins]], 6 ::[[Dunlap-2411|Louisa (Dunlap) Linton]], 4 ::[[Dunlap-2412|Sarah (Dunlap) Lynch]], 1 :Daughters of [[Dunlap-2229|Lorenzo Dow]] and [[Wharton-1910|Nancy]] Dunlap ::[[Dunlap-2228|Prudence (Dunlap) Koen]], 5 ::[[Dunlap-2399|Georgia (Dunlap) McWhirter]], 18 months :Children of [[Fancher-567|Alexander]] and [[Ingrum-51|Eliza Fancher]] ::[[ Fancher-776|Christopher "Kit" Carson Fancher]], 5 ::[[Fancher-775|Triphenia D. Fancher]], 22 months :Daughter of Nancy Sophrina Huff Cates ::Nancy Saphrona Cates, 4 :Son of John Milum and Eloah Jones ::Felix Marion Jones, 18 months :Children of Jos. and Matilda Miller ::John Calvin Miller, 6 - retained as witness (Thompson 63) ::Mary Miller, 4 ::William Tillman "Joseph" Miller, 1 :Sons of [[Tackett-278|Pleasant]] and [[Miller-44830|Armilda]] Tackitt ::[[Tackett-723|Emberson Milum Tackitt]], 4 - retained as witness (Thompson 63) ::William Henry Tackitt, 19 months == Suggested Resources == === Articles === ''Wikipedia'': [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain_Meadows_Massacre Mountain Meadows Massacre]''Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia.'' Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 22 July 2004. Web. 10 Aug. 2004. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain_Meadows_Massacre ''Famous Trials'': [https://famous-trials.com/mountainmeadows/936-home The Mountain Meadows Massacre of 1857 and the Trials of John D. Lee: An Account]Linder, Douglas O. “The Mountain Meadows Massacre of 1857 and the Trials of John D. Lee: An Account.” Famous Trials, UMKC School of Law, 2020, https://famous-trials.com/mountainmeadows/936-home. ''Encyclopedia of Arkansas'': [https://encyclopediaofarkansas.net/entries/mountain-meadows-massacre-129/ Mountain Meadows Massacre]James, Finck. “Mountain Meadows Massacre.” Encyclopedia of Arkansas, Central Arkansas Library System, 25 June 2018, https://encyclopediaofarkansas.net/entries/mountain-meadows-massacre-129/. ''Smithsonian Magazine'': [https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-aftermath-of-mountain-meadows-110735627/ The Aftermath of Mountain Meadows]King, Gilbert. “The Aftermath of Mountain Meadows.” Smithsonian Magazine, 29 Feb. 2012, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-aftermath-of-mountain-meadows-110735627/. Reprint of essay by Ralph R. Rea: [http://tfancher.tripod.com/rea.htm The Mountain Meadows Massacre and Its Completion as a Historic Episode]Rea, Ralph R. ''The Mountain Meadows Massacre and Its Completion as a Historic Episode''. 2010, https://tfancher.tripod.com/. ''Legends of America'': [https://www.legendsofamerica.com/ut-mountainmeadow1889account/ An 1889 Account of the Mountain Meadows Massacre]Bancroft, Hubert Howe. “An 1889 Account of the Mountain Meadows Massacre.” Legends of America, 2018, https://www.legendsofamerica.com/ut-mountainmeadow1889account/. === Books === ''The Mountain Meadows Massacre'', by Juanita Brooks, 1950Brooks, Juanita. The Mountain Meadows Massacre. University of Oklahoma Press, 1999. [https://www.worldcat.org/title/mountain-meadows-massacre/oclc/1099602171&referer=brief_results Worldcat Library Search] ''Blood of the prophets: Brigham Young and the massacre at Mountain Meadows'', by Will Bagley, 2004Bagley, Will. ''Blood of the Prophets: Brigham Young and the Massacre at Mountain Meadows.'' University of Oklahoma Press, 2004. [https://www.worldcat.org/title/blood-of-the-prophets-brigham-young-and-the-massacre-at-mountain-meadows/oclc/500673914 Worldcat Library Search] === Films === [http://www.buryingthepast.com/ ''Burying The Past: The Legacy of the Mountain Meadows Massacre'']Partick, Brian F., director, ''Burying The Past: The Legacy of the Mountain Meadow Massacre,'' Brian Patrick Productions, 2004, IMDB, https://m.imdb.com/title/tt0397048/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0. On September 11, 1857, a wagon train of 120 immigrants bound for California were slaughtered under a white flag by Utah Mormons in one of the worst massacres in American history. Through the actual testimony of a young girl who survived, interviews with descendants, and forensic investigation, this compelling film break through decades of coverup to expose a story kept out of the history books. Descendants of the massacre, haunted by the tragedy to this day, struggle to find forgiveness and healing. [http://www.themountainmeadowsmassacre.com/index.php ''The Mountain Meadows Massacre'']Young, Eric, producer, The Mountain Meadow Massacre, The Studio Inc., 2001, Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mountain_Meadows_Massacre_(film). An engrossing documentary including interviews with historians, reenactments, and photographs that tell all sides of The Mountain Meadow Massacre. [https://m.imdb.com/title/tt0473700/ ''September Dawn'']Cain, Christopher, director. September Dawn. Sony Picture Home Video, 2007. IMDB, https://m.imdb.com/title/tt0473700/. A love story set during a tense encounter between a wagon train of settlers and a renegade Mormon group. === Radio === ''NPR'': [https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=94509868 Day to Day] Berkes, Howard 11 Sep, 2008Berkes, Howard (11 September 2008). “[https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=94509868 Mormon Historians Shed Light On Sept. 11, 1857].” ''Day to Day'' NPR. Mormon Historians Shed Light on Sept. 11, 1857 - Sept. 11 was a tragic date in American history long before the terrorist attacks of 2001. === Online Misc. === ==== Route and Landmarks ==== Follow the [[Space:Baker-Fancher_Party#Route_and_Landmarks|Route and Landmarks]] of the Baker-Fancher Party. ==== Perspectives & Opinion ==== ''Salt Lake Tribune'': [https://www.sltrib.com/news/mormon/2015/09/30/archaeologist-says-he-has-found-actual-mountain-meadows-massacre-graves-its-not-on-lds-owned-land/ Archaeologist Says He Has Found Actual Mountain Meadows Massacre Graves]Maffly, Brian. "[https://www.sltrib.com/news/mormon/2015/09/30/archaeologist-says-he-has-found-actual-mountain-meadows-massacre-graves-its-not-on-lds-owned-land/ Archaeologist Says He Has Found Actual Mountain Meadows Massacre Graves; It’s Not on LDS-Owned Land]." ''The Salt Lake Tribune,'' 30 Sept. 2015. Updated 11 Sep 2017. [https://www.mtn-meadows-assoc.com/ Mountain Meadows Association] [http://1857massacre.com/MMM/massacre_victims_list.htm Frank Kirkman's Mountain Meadows Massacre Site] == Linking to this Page == * To refer to this page in the text of another WikiTree page, enter the following code in the text: :::[[Space:Mountain_Meadows_Massacre|Mountain Meadows Massacre]] * [[Special:Whatlinkshere/{{FULLPAGENAME}}|List of WikiTree profiles linking to this page.]] == Sources ==

[[Category:Pony Express]] ''If you're interested in joining the [[Project: Pony Express|Pony Express Project]], see the [[Project: Pony Express|project page]].'' The Pony Express was founded by [[Russell-18286 | William H. Russell]], [[Waddell-2309 | William B. Waddell]], and [[Majors-539 | Alexander Majors]]. Plans for the Pony Express were spurred by the threat of the Civil War and the need for faster communication with the West. === The Pony Express Route === The Pony Express consisted of relays of men riding horses carrying saddlebags of mail across a 2000-mile trail. The service opened officially on April 3, 1860, when riders left simultaneously from St. Joseph, Missouri, and Sacramento, California. The first westbound trip was made in 9 days and 23 hours and the eastbound journey in 11 days and 12 hours. The pony riders covered 250 miles in a 24-hour day. Eventually, the Pony Express had more than 100 stations, 80 riders, and between 400 and 500 horses. The express route was extremely hazardous, but only one mail delivery was ever lost. The service lasted only 19 months until October 24, 1861, when the completion of the Pacific Telegraph line ended the need for its existence. Although California relied upon news from the Pony Express during the early days of the Civil War, the horse line was never a financial success, leading its founders to bankruptcy. But the route taken by the Pony Express riders proved that the route could be traveled all winter and supported the future of the transcontinental railroad. == Pony Express Riders == :'''Pony Express Oath''': “I,………..,do hereby swear, before the Great and Living God, that during my engagement, and while an employee of Russell, Majors and Waddell, I will, under no circumstances, use profane language, that I will drink no intoxicating liquors, that I will not quarrel or fight with any other employee of the firm, and that in every respect I will conduct myself honestly, be faithful to my duties, and so direct all my acts as to win the confidence of my employers, so help me God.” ::[http://ponyexpress.org/pony-express-riders/ '''List of Riders'''] provided by the [http://ponyexpress.org/ Pony Express National Museum]. ===Pony Express Riders A-C=== [[Image:Pony_Express-14.jpg|250px]] * “Black Sam" *“Black Tom” * Alcott, Jack (James) (nothing found) * Anson- Anson, John *Anton *[[Aubrey-559 | Aubrey, F.X]] Francois was born France died California 1885. One of the Older Rider's was born 1825. *[[Avis-359 | Avis, Henry]] born Mo. died in Mo. 1927 ''' "The last living Pony Express Rider." ''' *[[Babbit-90 | Babbit Rodney]] born NY, lived in Fort Laramie, Shorter, Nebraska Territory, 1860 near B.W. Thompson * Ball, L W (SW Lafayette) * Banks, James W * Barnell, James * Baughn, Jim (Boston) * [[Baughn-116 | Baughn, Melvin]] Melville Baughn, usually known as "Mel," had a pony run between Fort Kearny, Nebraska and Thirty-two-mile Creek. Once while "laying off" between trips, a thief made off with his favorite horse. Scarcely had the miscreant gotten away when Baughn discovered the loss. Hastily saddling another steed, "Mel" gave pursuit, and though handicapped, because the outlaw had the pick of the stable, Baughn's superior horsemanship, even on an inferior mount, soon told. After a chase of several miles, he forced the fellow so hard that he abandoned the stolen animal at a place called Loup Fork, and sneaked away. Recovering the horse, Baughn then returned to his station, found a mail bag awaiting him, and was off on his run without further delay. With him and his fellow employees, running down a horse thief was but a trifling incident and an annoyance merely because of the bother and delay which it necessitated. Baughn was afterward hanged for murder at Seneca, Kansas but his services to the Pony Express were above reproach. * [[Beardsley-3235 | Beardsley, Seth Marvin]], known as "Marve". He was born 30 Apr 1850 in Rock Island, Illinois. He rode for the firm of Russell, Majors, and Waddell, who established 190 stations, direct through from St. Joseph, Missouri to the West Coast. At various times, after leaving the Pony Express, he was a sheriff, deputy sheriff, and a deputy U.S. Marshall in Colfax County, New Mexico; Dodge City, Kansas; and in the Indian Territory. Seth was killed in collision between trains (Alabama & Vicksburg Railway) at Jackson MS 17 Nov 1900. *[[Foote-3114 | Beatley, James (Foote)]], Jim Beatley, whose real name was Foote, was another Virginian, about 25 years of age. He rode on an eastern division, usually west out of Seneca, Kansas. On one occasion, he traveled from Seneca, Kansas to Big Sandy, Nebraska 50 miles and back, doubling his route twice in one week. Beatley was killed by a stage hand in a personal quarrel, the affair taking place on a ranch in Southern Nebraska in 1862. * Becker, Charles * Bedford, Thomas *[[Bilman-2 | Billman, "Hy" Charles]] listed as Express Rider's on the 1860 Rush Valley Station census. Died 1910 Idaho. * [[Bills-880 | Bills, G R]] born 1835 Penn. -- listed as Express Rider's on the 1860 Rush Valley Station census * Black, Thomas * [[Bliss-4822 | Bliss, Harry J ]] newspaper clipping re: "Places the name Bliss high on the Pony Express Riders" (copy attached) & his Pension for Batt. A Colorado Light Artillery. Died in Texas 1916 * Bolwinkle, Lafayette (Bolly) * Bond * [[Boulton-678 | Boulton, William]]], William Boulton was one of the older riders in the service; his age at that time is given at about 35. Boulton rode for about three months with Jim Beatley. On one occasion, while running between Seneca and Guittards' Station in Kansas, Boulton's horse gave out when five miles from the latter station. Without a moment's delay, he removed his letter pouch and hurried the mail in on foot, where a fresh horse was at once provided and the schedule resumed. * Brandenburger, John * [[Brink-1907 | Brink, James W (Doc, Dock)]], James W. Brink, or "Dock" Brink as he was known to his associates, was one of the early riders, entering the employ of the Pony Express Company in April, 1860. While "Dock" made a good record as a courier, his chief fame was gained in a fight at Rock Creek Station, in which Brink/ Wild Bill Hickok "cleaned out" the McCanles Gang of outlaws, killing five of their number. 1867-1868 Doc served as 1 of the 48 White Scout's for Co.I 10th US Cavalry, aka: Buffalo Soldiers. He was serving during the Battle of Beecher Island. * Brown, Hugh * [[Brown-93162 | Brown, James]] Born England, 1840--listed as Express Rider's on the 1860 Willow Spring Station census with Josiah Taylor/his wife. * [[Bucklin-230 | Bucklin, James]] this might be him, still researching. Born 1844, Missouri. 1870 "RR Agent" * Burnett, John * Bush, Ed * Campbell, William * [[Carlyle-12 | Carlyle, Alex]] (Carlisle, Carlistle) 1850 in Ky/1860 he is in Arapahoe, Kansas Territory with 2 other Carlyle's ages:26/31 all from KY.. * Carr, William * Carrigan, William * Carson * Carter, James * Cates, William A * Cayton, Francis M * Clark, Jimmy (James), Jimmy Clark rode between various stations east of Fort Kearny, usually between Big Sandy, Nebraska and Hollenberg, Kansas. Sometimes his run took him as far West as Liberty Farm on the Little Blue River. * Clark, John * [[Clarke-13616 | Clarke, Richard W.]] (Deadwood Dick)" Clarke fought alongside George Armstrong Custer, Little Bighorn against the combined forces of the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne/ Arapahoe peoples. In his work with the Pony Express, Clarke often had to defend himself, others/his cargo from Sioux raiders. Clarke lived long enough to see his country make peace with the Sioux, and met President Calvin Coolidge on the day the latter became an honorary member of the Sioux people. He died in the town in which he spent much of his life: Deadwood, South Dakota. * Cleve, Richard (Cleave) [[Image:Pony_Express-9.jpg|250px]] *[[Cliff-451| Cliff, Charles]], Charles Cliff had an 80 mile pony run when only seventeen years of age, but, like Brink, young Cliff gained his greatest reputation as a fighter, - in his case fighting Indians. It seems that while Cliff was once freighting with a small train of nine wagons, it was attacked by a party of one hundred Sioux Indians and besieged for three days until a larger train approached and drove the redskins away. During the conflict, Cliff received three bullets in his body and twenty-seven in his clothing, but he soon recovered from his injuries, and was afterward none the less valuable to the Pony Express service. * [[Cliff-454 | Cliff, Gustavas (Gus)]] *[[Cody-384 | Cody, William Frederick (Buffalo Bill)]], On a return trip to Kansas, he stopped in Julesburg, Colorado, where he was recruited to ride in the Pony Express in 1860. Most of his time with the Pony Express was spent in Kansas, although he occasionally traveled across northeast Colorado. * Cole, Buck * Combo, James (Sawed-Off Jim) * Corbett, Bill * Covington, Edward * Cowan,James * Crawford, Jack ===Pony Express Riders, D-G=== * Danley, James * Dean, Louis * [[Dennis-6173 | Dennis, James William]] He is listed on the attached 1860 census, pg.1 line#5 age:22 KY Mail Carrier * Derrick, Frank * Diffenbacher, Alex * Dobson, Thomas * Dodge, J * Donovan, Joseph Scout for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Beecher_Island#Scouts_sent_for_relief]]Battle of Beecher Island] * Donvan, Tom * [[Dorrington-327 | Dorrington, W.E.]] William E. b:NY-d: Neb 1860 census his older brother John J. was a "Mail Carrier" * Downs, Calvin * Drumheller, Daniel M * Dunlap, James E * [[Eckels-125 | Eckels, William]] born Missouri listed as Express Rider's on the 1860 Rush Valley Station census * 67 [[Egan-123 | Egan, Major Howard]] He was not a Rider but a Scout/Trailblazer into Utah.. * 68 [[Egan-222 | Egan, Howard Ransom]] (Ranson) brother to Ras, below/ listed as Express Rider's on the 1860 Rush Valley Station census * 69 [[Egan-1753 | Egan, Richard Erasmus (Erastus, Ras)]], Richard Egan rode for the Pony Express the short time the mail delivery service was in operation, between 1860 and 1861. Like most of the approximately 80 riders, Egan was a young, single man. In fact, the company advertised for "Young, skinny, wiry fellows, not over 18. Must be expert riders. Willing to risk death daily. Orphans preferred." Riders were paid between $100 and $125 a month./listed as Express Rider's on the 1860 Rush Valley Station census * Elliot, Thomas J * Ellis, JK (Jack) * Enos, Charles *[[Farr-2609 | Fair, George]] 13 years old from England. at the Rush Valley Station 1860-- His name is FARR on all other censuses, headstone in Idaho. *[[Faust-662 | Faust, H J ]] (Doc, Henry Jacob) * [[Fisher-18341 | Fisher, Johnny]] [[Image:Pony_Express-12.jpg|300px]] Billy Fisher has a brother, John Fisher...listed as Express Rider's on the 1860 Rush Valley Station census *[[Fisher-2280 | Fisher, William Frederick (Billy)]], William F. "Billy" Fisher was one of the first riders hired by the Pony Express in 1860. Fisher, born in England, became a rancher in Idaho after the Pony Express stopped operating. His great-grandson, Dr. William Fisher, is a former NASA astronaut, continuing the family tradition of exploration./listed as Express Rider's on the 1860 Rush Valley Station census * [[Flynn-3728 | Flynn, Thomas]] this is a probable, d:1868, buried in Montana, Scout for the 10th Cavalry, aka: Buffalo Soldiers * Foote, James [see James Beatley] * Foreman, Jimmie * [[Fry-5840 | Fry, Johnny]] (Johnnie, Johnny, Johny Fry), Johnny Fry was the first rider out of St. Joseph, Missouri and was little more than a boy when he entered the pony service. He was a native Missourian, weighing less than 125 pounds. Though small in stature, he was every inch a man. Fry's division ran from St. Joseph to Seneca, Kansas for 80 miles, which he covered at an average of 12.5 miles an hour, including all stops. When the war started, Fry enlisted in the Union army under General James Blunt. His short but worthy career was cut short in 1863 when he fell in a hand-to-hand fight with rebel bushwhackers in southeast Kansas. In this, his last fight, Fry is said to have killed five of his assailants before being struck down.[[Image:Pony_Express-13.jpg|300px]] *[[Fry-5844 | Fry, Joseph]] Johnny Fry's little brother * Fuller, Abraham Maple (Abram) * Gardner, George (Irish) * Gentry, James * Gilson, James * Gilson, Samuel H * [[Gleason-2276 | Gleason, James]] found, 1870 census Soldier at Ft. Buford, Dakota Terr. 7th Infantry * [[Gould-5782 | Gould, Frank]] Author of "A Pony Express Rider Writes from Raytown, Missouri" -A dispatch in the [Kansas City] Star, April 28 [1921] re: Henry Avis. * Grady, Thomas “Irish Tom” ===Pony Express Riders H-L=== * Hall, Martin * Hall, Parley * Hall, Sam * [[Hamilton-10238 | Hamilton, Samuel]] aka: William Sam Hamilton b:1830 Tenn. d:Calif 1865 * Hamilton, William (one/same as above) * Hancock, John (there is a photo of John Hancock with the Fisher brothers, attached) * Harder, George * Hardy * [[Haslam-682 | Haslam, Robert (Pony Bob)]], "Pony Bob," by which name he is most famous, was a Pony Express rider in the Old West and credited with making the longest uninterrupted ride during the brief duration of the Pony Express. He was born in London, England in 1840 and as a teen, immigrated to the United Sates. He made his way to Salt Lake City where he worked on a ranch and as a government messenger. He was at home on a horse. He was loyal, brave, and committed to getting the job done. Pony Bob fit the model for what a Pony Express rider should be. * [[Hawkins-10704 | Hawkins, Theodore]] (Thee) * [[Haws-326 | Haws, Sam]] Sampson G. Haws, this is MAYBE? There is another Samuel Haws]] listed as Express Rider's on the 1860 Rush Valley Station census * [[Helvey-84 | Helvey, Frank]] {{citation needed}} to prove him * [[Hensel-375 | Hensel, Levi]] 1st Lt. 13th Kansas, Inf. Newspaper Correspondent in Colorado... * Hickman, Bill (William) * [[Hickok-8 | Hickok, James Butler (Wild Bill)]] Later the Legendary Scout, Frontiersman, etc. * [[Higginbotham-1553 | Higginbotham, Charles]] born Mo. age 17 in 1860.. not sure this it the right man... *[[Hogan-4233 | Hogan, Martin]] (this is 1 Martin Hogan of Colorado) of whom little is known, rode northwesterly out of Julesburg, Colorado across the Platte River and to Mud Springs, some 80 miles distant. * [[Holladay-654 | Holladay, Benjamin]] "purchased the ''Pony Express" 1862, not a RIDER??? * [[Huntington-1308 | Huntington, Clark Allen]] LDS Leader, Pvt. Mex-Am War, * Huntington, Let (Lester, Lee) * [[Huntington-1292 |Huntington, Lou]] aka: Lot Elisha, brother to Clark * Irish Jim *[[James-16866 | James, William]], William James, always called "Bill" James, was a native of Virginia. He had crossed the plains with his parents in a wagon train when only five years old. At eighteen, he was one of the best Pony Express riders in the service. James's route lay between Simpson's Park and Cole Springs, Nevada, in the Smoky Valley range of mountains. He rode only sixty miles each way but covered his round trip of 120 miles in just 12 hours, including all stops. He always rode California mustangs, using five of these animals each way. His route crossed the summits of two mountain ridges, lay through the Shoshone Indian country, and was one of the loneliest and most dangerous divisions on the line. Yet, Bill never took time to think about danger, nor did he ever have any serious trouble. *[[Jay-992 | Jay, David Robert]] "David Jay, at 13 years old, the youngest rider ever hired by the Pony Express, carried mail in Kansas from Seneca to Big Sandy (Marysville), sometimes on to Ft. Kearney, Neb." * Jenkins, William D (there is a Dr. William D Jenkins b:1834 Ohio, Neb. 1870 * Jennings *[[Jobe-591 | Jobe, Samuel S]] b:Mo. d:1933 California * Jones, William * Kates, William * [[Keetley-27 | Keetley, Jack H]] (The joyous jockey of the Pony Express) [[Image:Pony_Express-10.jpg|200px]] , Another Eastern Division man was Jack Keetley, who also rode from St. Joseph, Missouri to Seneca, Kansas, alternating at times with Fry and Baughn. Keetley's greatest performance, and one of the most remarkable ever achieved in the service, was riding from Rock Creek Station in Nebraska to St. Joseph; then back to his starting point and on to Seneca, and from Seneca once more to Rock Creek Station - 340 miles without rest. He traveled continuously for 31 hours, his entire run being at the rate of eleven miles an hour. During the last five miles of his journey, he fell asleep in the saddle and in this manner concluded his long trip. * Kelley, Hi ("Hi" is usually abrv. Hiram) * Kelley, Jay G (Kelly), Jay G. Kelley, later a citizen of Denver, was a veteran pony man. He entered the employ of the company at the outset, and helped Superintendent Roberts to lay out the route across Nevada. Along the Carson River, tiresome stretches of corduroy road had to be built. Kelley relates that in constructing this highway willow trees were cut near the stream and the trunks cut into the desired lengths before being laid in place. The men often had to carry these timbers in their arms for three hundred yards, while the mosquitoes swarmed so thickly upon their faces and hands as to make their real color and identity hard to determine. * Kelley, Merrit P * Kelley, Mike (IC) * King, Thomas wen * King, Tony * [[Koerner-252 | Koerner, John P]] (John Phillip) "he was the youngest Rider, at age 15. *[[Lamont-1395 | LaMont, Harry]] d:1921 - Klickitat County, Washington * [[Larzelere-165 | Larzelere, Charles]] * Lawson, William * [[Leonard-10066 | Leonard, George]] *needs more research to be sure, right man? *[[Little-3515 | Little, George Edwin]]His Pony Express route, first route lying between Salt Lake City and Rocky Ridge. . d: Idaho 1915 * [[Littleton-708 | Littleton, Elias “Tough”]] his father was Capt. M Littleton. Elias retired 1915 New Mexico. He served with Co. G 1st US Cavalry-Spanish War *[[Lytle-1521 | LytIe, N N (Nicholas N)]] 5th US Inf,/ 4th Reg. Calif. Infantry-d: 1878 ===Pony Express Riders M-R=== *[[McAulas-1 | Macaulas, Silas]] Sye (Macoulas) He is listed on the attached 1860 census, pg.1 line#5 age:22 KY Mail Carrier *Martin, Robert * [[Maxfield-158 | Maxfield, Elijah Hiett]] d:1925 Salt Lake: Brigham Young Express/Carrying Co./ Pony Express rider,Central Overland California/Pikes Peak Express Co & served as a spy in Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston's Army of Utah. * [[Maze-330 | Lt. Maze, Montgomery]] Original Pony Express Station keeper/rider, Civil War Officer, City Clerk. While station keeper at Sand Springs, Montgomery escaped death at the hands of the Pah-Utes/ with a small band of other employees, he marched to Cold Springs Station, where the keeper had been massacred only a few days before. * McCain, Emmet * McCall, J G (Jay) * McCarty Charlie there is only 1 in wikitree possible McCarty-2901 * McDonald, James * McEnaney, Pat (McEnamey, McEnearrny, McEneammy, McEneany) * McLaughlin, David * [[McNaughton-1153 | McNaughton, James]] served-Co 2nd Reg Colorado Cav. older brother to William, listed next. * [[McNaughton-1155 | McNaughton, William]] * Meacona, Lorenzo * [[Mellen-441 | Mellen, JP]] NOT sure which one this is, father [[Mellen-440 | John Mellen]] or son John Ramsden-441 f-a-g says son is the Rider.. but the father may have been involved as well because of the Overland Trail and the family came from England via [[Young-93 | Brigham Young]] * [[Mifflin-93 | Mifflin, Howard]]1860 was living in Salt Lake City, Utah Terr. with Newton/ Henry Worley. *[[Miller-67369 | Miller, Charlie B (Broncho Charlie)]] nee: Julius Mortimer was born in 1858 so he could not have been a Rider. However, he states he was born 1850 & "was the youngest Rider at age 11 Charlie rode from Sacramento, Calif. to Carson City, Nev. for the Pony Express, and for a year he worked in the Express relay between St. Joseph, Mo., and San Francisco.." ''' "The last living Pony Express Rider." ''' DIED 1955 at the age of 105...................................... *[[Moore-49315 | Moore, James, "Jim"]] - One of the first Pony Express riders hired at the St. Joseph, Missouri division, he is known for making his greatest ride was made on June 8, 1860. While at the Midway Station, half way between the Missouri River and Denver, the westbound messenger arrived with important Government dispatches to California. He ran continuously the 140 miles to Julesburg, Colorado, where he was to be relieved. However, once he got there, he found his relief rider had been killed the day before. Without even stopping to eat, Moore was back in the saddle within ten minutes, turning around and making the return trip. By the end of his journey had completed a round-trip of 280 miles in 14 hours and 46 minutes -- roughly 18 miles an hour. After the Pony Express went out of business, he became a rancher in the South Platte Valley, Nebraska. He died at Cheyenne, Wyoming. * Murphy, Jeramiah H * [[Merrick-750 | Myrick, Newton]] aka: Merrick, Corp. in Smith's Co., Utah Cavalry/Mormon Battalion, Iowa. *[[Orr-1105 | Orr, Matthew]] Arrived in America 16 Oct 1853 with his younger brother, Robert, listed next * [[Orr-1104 | Orr, Robert]] Arrived in America 16 Oct 1853 with his brother, William, listed above *[[Pace-2537 | Pace, Thad]] Thaddeus d:1937 buried MO. * [[Packard-512 | Packard, G]] Horatio "G Rash" died in Arkansas 1913--- listed as Express Rider's on the 1860 Rush Valley Station census * Page, William * Parr, Dick * Paul, John * [[Paxton-1251 | Paxton, Joe “Mochila Joe”]] * [[Perkins-3227 | Perkins, George Washington (Wash)]] Along with [[Perkins-13813 | Joseph Perkins]] listed on the attached 1860 census, pg.1 line#8 age:24 Illi. Mail Carriers & his cousin, *[[Perkins-13813 | Perkins, Josh]] Joseph is listed on the attached 1860 census, pg.1 line#7 age:17 Illi Mail Carrier, & his cousin, * Pridham, William (Prindham) * [[Ranahan-14 | Ranahan, Thomas J ]](Irish Tommy, Happy Tom) *[[Rand-1730 | Rand, Theodore (Little Yank]], Yank), Theodore Rand rode the Pony Express during the entire period of its organization. His run was from Box Elder to Julesburg, Colorado 110 miles and he made the entire distance both ways by night. His schedule, night run though it was, required a gait of ten miles an hour, but Rand often made it at an average of 12, thus saving time on the through schedule for some unfortunate rider who might have trouble and delay. Originally, Rand used only 4-5 horses each way, but this number, in keeping with the revised policy of the Company, was afterward doubled, an extra mount being furnished him every 12-15 miles. * [[Randall-5858 | Randall, James]] served with 7th Infantry Sept 1 1880-Aug 31 1885, joined Ft. Buford Wyoming. died 1888 Wyoming * Reynolds, Charles MAYBE [[Reynolds-12714 | Charley Reynolds]] probable? * Reynolds, Thomas J too many and does not look like he is Charles' brother.......... * [[Richards-13360 | Richards, William Minor]] Sr. * Richardson, H * [[Richardson-21576 | Richardson, Johnson William]] * [[Riles-42 | Riles, Bartholomew]],(Riley) "Bart Riles the pony rider, died this morning from wounds received at Cold Springs, May 16." (newspaper extract) * Riley, J. G. [https://www.coloradohistoricnewspapers.org/?a=d&d=STP19461128.2.42&srpos=1&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-%22mel+baughn%22-------2- Colorado Newspaper article] There is a Jay G. Kelley listed. *[[Rinehart-1225 | Rinehart, Jonathon]] John is listed on the attached 1860 census, pg.1 line#4 age:29 Tenn. Mail Carrier/ listed as Express Rider's on the 1860 Rush Valley Station census *[[Rising-298 | Rising, Donald Clarence]] Don C. Rising, who afterwards settled in Northern Kansas, was born in Painted Post, Steuben County, New York, in 1844, and came West when thirteen years of age. He rode in the pony service nearly a year, from November, 1860, until the line was abandoned the following October, most of his service being rendered before he was seventeen. Much of his time was spent running eastward out of Fort Kearny until the telegraph had reached that point and made the operation of the Express between the fort and St. Joseph, Missouri no longer necessary. On two occasions, Rising is said to have maintained a continuous speed of twenty miles an hour while carrying important dispatches between Big Sandy and Rock Creek Station in Nebraska. * [[Roberts-8971 | Roberts, Bolivar]] b:Ill. d:1893 *[[Roff-300 | Roff, Harry L]] (Harvey) b: MO. died San Francisco, 1921 * Ruffin, CH *Rush, Edward ===Pony Express Riders S-Z=== * Sanders, Robert * [[Sangiovanni-28 | Sangiovanni, Guisspe G]](Guglielmo, GR) D: Utah 1916 * Scovell, George * [[Seerbeck-1 | Seerbeck, John]] nothing else found......... *Selman, Jack [[Selman-278 | John Selman]] Lawman, Outlaw, killed John Westley Hardin, and lived in TEXAS??? * [[Sarish-1 | Serish, Joseph]] found death record 1918 Montana Sarish, Joseph *[[Shanks-1227 | Shanks, James Dock]] (James Dock, Doc) d:1921 Utah * Sinclair, John * [[Slade-2218 | Slade, Joseph Alfred "Jack"]] *[[Sorensen-3052|Smith, Rasmus Julius]], a.k.a. Erastus Julius Smith, and presumably born Rasmus Julius Sorensen, Rasmus served as a Pony Express Rider between Malad, Idaho and Brigham City, Utah (as per his FindaGrave biography, written by his granddaughter, Donna Smith Packer, wife of the late Boyd K. Packer - not on ''Historic list''). * Spurr, George * [[Streeper-67 | Streeper, William Henry]] (Black Bill) is listed on the attached 1860 census, pg.3 line#14 age:22 Tenn. Mail Carrier * [[Stricklen-49 | Stricklen, Robert C ]](Strickland) born Baden, d:1926 Mo. * [[Strohm-145 | Strohm, William]] found a f-a-g that looks good, requested photo....... * Sugget, John W (Sugget) * [[Tate-4103 | Tate, William]] (Pate) 14 yr. old killed on ROUTE, by Paiute Indians, Ruby Valley, Nevada * [[Taylor-59334 | Taylor, Josiah]] is with his wife, Mary, as Express Rider's on the 1860 Willow Spring Station census *[[Thatcher-792 | Thatcher, George W.]]LDS Rider. * Thomas, JJ * [[Thompson-50644 | Thompson, Bill]] 1860 B. W is an ''Express Rider'' living down the road from Rodney Babbit * Thompson, Charles P (F, Cyclone Charlie) * Thompson, James M * [[Toponce-4 |Toponce, Alexander]] (Topence) "Mr. Toponce helped install the first overland stage line from Missouri to California, in about 1850. This line went from Missouri by way of Texas and New Mexico, but when Johnston's Army was sent to Utah in 1868, the route was changed to run by way of Salt Lake City. Mr. Toponce drove stage on this route." Was not a Express Rider, but major player in the Routes... * [[Tough-177 | Tough, WS]] aka Capt. William Sloan Tough, US Marshal, Capt. Kansas Red Legs. {{Image|file=Tough-177-1.jpg |align=r |size=m |caption=Capt. William Sloan Tough, Scout }} * [[Towne-1236 | Towne, George]] b: 1838 NY * [[Trotter-2032 | Trotter, Bill]] William b:1837 Illinois, 1860 census Bloomfield, Iowa Hotel, Mail Carriers, with 2 other carriers, John Smith & W.W. Young Died: 1918 Mo. * [[Tuckett-92 | Tuckett, Henry]] b: 1831 England, Salt Lake City Rider. D:1923 Salt Lake City * [[Upson-270 | Upson, Warren]] (Boston) b:1841 d:1896 Sacramento, Calif. "Whaler" * [[VanBlaricon-2 | Van Blaricon, William E]] (Van Blaricon, Pony Ned) born Wisc 1849 pretty young... * [[Vickery-1297 | Vickery, Bill]] born 1846 MO. d: 1934 Calaveras County, California * [[Wade-9050 | Wade, John B]] born Illinois 1846 died Rock Springs, Wyoming 1919 * Wallace, Henry * Weaver, Cap *[[Webner-66 | Webner, Frank E]] [[Image:Pony_Express-11.jpg|200px]] *[[Wells-18763 | Wells, Benton]] "Stepbrother to John/Joseph Fry and in the photo" * Westcott, Daniel (Don, Wescott) * [[Whalen-1500 | Whalen, Michael]] M (Mike, Whelan) Rode only 2 months, then joined the Army *[[Wheat-966 | Wheat, Charles Orson]] born Conn. died 1921 Utah * Whipsaw (none found) * William, James (too many) * Willis, HC (Wills) * [[Wilson-64411 | Wilson, Elijah Nichols (Uncle Nick)]] LDS Pioneer, Author, Blood brother to Shoshone Chief Washakie, died/f-a-g has him buried in Arlington, Virginia *[[Wintle-108 | Wintle, Joseph Barney]] (Joseph E) born England, died 1916 Ogden, Utah * [[Worley-2646 | Worley, Henry]] 1860 he was living in Salt Lake City, Utah Terr. with Newton/Howard Mifflin. *[[Worthington-2056 | Worthington, James]] died Idaho 1905 *[[Wright-37870 | Wright, George]] listed as Express Rider's on the 1860 Rush Valley Station census *[[Wright-38107 | Wright, Mose]] (Morse) There is an "Amos Wright" listed on the attached 1860 census, pg.3 line#11 age:21 Ky. Mail Carrier * Zowgaltz, Jose (Zowglat, Zowgalty, Zogwalt) == Resources == #[https://nationalponyexpress.org/ National Pony Express Association] #[https://www.ponyexpress.org/ Pony Express National Museum] #[https://www.nps.gov/poex/index.htm Pony Express National Historic Trail]

[[Category:Lewis and Clark Expedition]] Seaman, a Newfoundland dog, became famous for being a member of the first American overland expedition from the Mississippi River to the Pacific coast and back. He was the only domesticated animal to complete the entire trip. Purchased by [[Lewis-5102|Meriwether Lewis (1774-1809)]] for $20 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Seaman accompanied Lewis during the Corps of Discovery Expedition. A valuable member of the party, his working dog attributes were essential to daily life along the route. {{Image|file=Seaman_Dog-1.jpg |align=r |size=m |caption=Seaman and Lewis }} ''...one of the Shawnees a respectable looking Indian offered me three beverskins for my dog with which he appeared much pleased, the dog was of the newfoundland breed one that I prised much for his docility and qualifications generally for my journey and of course there was no bargan, I had given 20$ for this dogg myself-''
~ Meriwether Lewis, November 16, 1803The Journals of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. 2005. U of Nebraska Press / U of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries-Electronic Text Center. 5 Oct. 2005 http://lewisandclarkjournals.unl.edu. It is reported that Seaman remained with Lewis after the expedition concluded. However, definitive proof regarding his later life is lacking, and his recounted actions at the death of Lewis are speculative. '''Watch:''' Dateline NBC, A Postcard from the Field: [https://youtu.be/2qSUL0lasIc Lewis and Clark’s Four-Legged Friend] Runtime 2:31“A Postcard from the Field: Lewis and Clark’s Four-Legged Friend.” YouTube, Dateline NBC, 10 Aug. 2018, youtu.be/2qSUL0lasIc. '''Mounuments'''
Monuments and statues that include Seaman can be found in: *Idaho **Salmon *Illinois ** Cairo *Iowa **Sioux City *Missouri **St. Louis **St. Charles **Jefferson City *Montana **Great Falls *Nebraska **Lincoln **Fort Calhoun *North Dakota **Washburn *Oregon **Seaside **Cascade Locks **Saint Helens *Washington **Washougal == Sources == See Also: * WikiPedia: [[wikipedia:Seaman_(dog)|Seaman (Dog)]] * Myers, Laurie, and Michael Dooling. Lewis and Clark and Me a Dog's Tale. Henry Holt & Co., 2002. ISBN 0805063684 * Eubank, Patti Reeder. Seaman's Journal: on the Trail with Lewis and Clark. Ideals Children's Books, 2010. ISBN 0824954424

{{Westward Ho|sub-project = Trails and Wagon Trains}} --------------------------------------
As Westward Expansion of major parts of North America became possible with the Louisiana Purchase by the United States from France in 1803, the swell of immigrants from Europe and elsewhere had pushed the population higher, and toward the current boundaries of the United States. Feeling the building pressure of limited space, it was several decades after the [[Space:Lewis_and_Clark|Lewis and Clark]] expedition before most average folk began making the trek west. From 1840 to 1870 more than 500,000 people made journeys to find a better life in the west. When these people decided to venture out, whether for economic, political or religious reasons, it was usually entire families bringing their possessions by covered wagon. With little exception the travel was made in groups or "trains" of wagons organized by wagon masters hired to guide them to a common midway or end point. From that terminus the individual or family made the short trip to their final destination, typically a homestead. {{Image|file=Photos-876.png |align=r |size=m |caption=Oregon Trail Marker Stone }} Many of these travelers endeavored to make the entire journey to the Pacific region. However, a good number stopped short in areas that became Montana, Colorado, and Utah. Regardless of their final destination, these "pioneers" or "settlers" were part of a great migration into the wilderness by foot and by wagon. Over time ancient trails became named routes, used repeatedly and becoming well known to contemporaries and history alike. The most famous of these trails led west. Originating in Independence, Missouri, and called the Oregon Trail, it spanned over 2,000 miles. Other westward paths included the California Trail and Mormon Trail. There were also southern routes including the Santa Fe Trail, Southern Emigrant Trail, and the Old Spanish Trail (not to be confused with the Mormon Trail, the Mormon Road was a successor to the Old Spanish Trail). Stories of these trails and the people who traveled across the vast distance are etched into the culture and folklore of the United States. Whether the journey ended well or in tragedy (e.g. [[Image:Profile_Photo_s-42.png|10px|Red Bullet]][[Space:Donner_Party|Donner Party]]), their courage and fortitude is still celebrated more than 150 years later. ---- Listed below are brief descriptions of each major trail with resources and links to WikiTree profiles or pages that explore the lives and stories tied to each route. == Oregon Trail == ''The Oregon Trail is a 2,200-mile (3,500 km) historic east-west large wheeled wagon route and emigrant trail that connected the Missouri River to valleys in Oregon.''
{{Image|file=Trails_and_Wagon_Trains-2.jpg |align=c |size=l |caption=Oregon Trail Map }} '''Parties'''
*[[Space:The_Whitman_Party|The Whitman Party]] - The first significant wagon train to traverse The Oregon Trail for the purpose of settlement in Oregon Country. Led in 1836 by Marcus Whitman, a Methodist missionary and physician, the party joined with a fur trapping caravan of seven wagons, led by Milton Sublett and Thomas Fitzpatrick. Party members Henry and Eliza Spalding broke off early, settling in what is now Idaho to create a Presbyterian mission in Nez Perce territory. Marcus Whitman and his wife Narcissa settled in what is now Walla Walla, Washington, to build a mission in Cayuse territory. Whitman and his wife were later killed when Cayuse Indians attacked the mission, in what was later dubbed The Whitman Massacre, which was the start of the Cayuse War. *[[Space:The_Mission_Party_of_1838|The Mission Party of 1838]] - After traveling to Oregon Territory with [[Space:The_Whitman_Party|The Whitman Party]], [[Gray-8691|W.H. Gray]] returned East to gather supplies and marry [[Dix-453|Mary Augusta Dix]]. Gray then travelled again to Oregon, with his wife, and three other missionary couples, in order to establish missions in Oregon Territory. *[[Space:Great_Emigration|The Great Emigration of 1843]] - This wagon train departed from Independence, Missouri on May 22, 1843 to make the trek to Oregon. *[[Space:Oregon_Trail-_1844_Wagon_Train|1844 Oregon Trail Wagon Train]] - The Cornelius "Neal" Gilliam party blazed a completely new wagon road from St. Joseph westward to intersect the original Oregon & California road from Independence in 1844. Gilliam had advertised in the summer of 1843 that he would lead an emigrant party to Oregon in the Spring, and that the rendezvous would be on the Missouri river's right bank opposite Owen's Landing (present day Amazonia). Camp was set up as scheduled on 9 March, and the journey commenced on 9 May. Eventually the party consisted of 84 wagons and 370 persons when organized west of the Iowa/Sac & Fox Presbyterian Mission. *[[Space:Stephens_Townsend_Murphy_Party|Stephens–Townsend–Murphy Party]] - in 1844 ten families migrated from Iowa to California, significant because they were the first to cross the Sierra Nevada with wagons, they pioneered the route through what was later named Donner Pass. *[[Space:Donner_Party|Donner Party]] - were 81 American Pioneers that set out for California in a wagon train and became snowbound in the Sierra Nevada in 1846. Some of these immigrants resorted to cannibalism to survive. '''Resources''' *Wikipedia: [[wikipedia:Oregon_Trail|Oregon Trail]] *[[Gray-8691|William Henry Gray]] - Was a writer, cabinet maker, minister, missionary, and later politician. He is often thought of as Oregon's first historian. His book, [https://books.google.com/books/reader?id=RnsUAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&output=reader&pg=GBS.PP1 "A History of Oregon 1792-1849"] was the first comprehensive history written of Oregon Territory, and included information from his own personal journal entries, and those of his fellow pioneers. *[http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/a-thousand-pioneers-head-west-on-the-oregon-trail This Day in History] - May 22, 1843 - A thousand pioneers head West on the Oregon Trail *[http://www.oregonpioneers.com/ortrail.htm Oregon Pioneers] - THE OREGON TERRITORY AND ITS PIONEERS *[http://www.legendsofamerica.com/we-oregontrail.html Legends of America] - Oregon Trail - Pathway to the West *[http://www.over-land.com/trore.html Overland.com] - Links to The Oregon Trail *[http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Oregon_Trail.aspx Encyclopedia] - Oregon Trail Facts Information. *[http://www.oregonpioneers.com/FoodChoices.htm Oregon Pioneers] - Food on the Oregon Trail' *[http://www.historyglobe.com/ot/ftlaramie.htm History Globe] - The Oregon Trail Fort Laramie '''Maps''' *[http://www.historyglobe.com/ot/otmap1.htm History Globe] - Click on a landmark on the map or a name below for a photo *[http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~jalanne/Maps.html Roots Web] - Maps '''Images''' *[http://www.globalclassroom.org/nebraska.html Global Class Room] - Images The Oregon Trail in Western Nebraska. *[http://www.pinterest.com/elsieupton/oregon-trails/ Pinterest] - Oregon trails == California Trail == The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about 3,000 mi (4,800 km) across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.
'''Resources''' *Wikipedia: [[wikipedia:California_Trail |California Trail]] == Mormon Trail == The Mormon Trail is the 1,300-mile (2,092 km) route from Illinois to Utah that members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints traveled from 1846 to 1868.
{{Image|file=Photos_and_Images_of_Utah-12.jpg |align=c |size=m |caption=Mormon Trail Map }} '''Parties'''
*[[Space:Homer_Duncan_Company|Homer Duncan Company]] '''Resources''' *Wikipedia: [[wikipedia:Mormon_Trail|Mormon Trail]] == Santa Fe Trail == The Santa Fe Trail was a 19th-century route through central North America that connected Franklin, Missouri with Santa Fe, New Mexico.
'''Parties''' *Oatman Family - were pioneers , in 1851 they joined a wagon train headed for southern California, the group to split up. [[Oatman-58|Royce Oatman]] and Mary Oatman and 4 of their children were massacred, by a Native American tribe, the Tolkepayas . Royce's son [[Oatman-61|Lorenzo Oatman]] was left for dead but survived. His 2 daughters [[Oatman-62|Olive Oatman]] and her sister Mary Ann were captured and enslaved. Olive was rescued 5 years after her capture, during this time her sister Ann died of hunger. '''Resources''' *Wikipedia: [[wikipedia:Santa_Fe_Trail|Santa Fe Trail]] == Southern Emigrant Trail (aka, The Applegate Trail) == The Applegate Trail was a wilderness trail through today's U.S. states of Idaho, Nevada, California, and Oregon, and was originally intended as a less dangerous route to the Oregon Territory.
'''Resources''' *Wikipedia: [[wikipedia:Applegate_Trail|Applegate Trail]] *[http://emigranttrailswest.org/virtual-tour/applegate-trail/ Traiks West, Applegate Trail] *[http://www.webtrail.com/applegate/ Webtrail: Applegate] *[http://www.historybits.com/west-wagon-trains.htm Historybits] - American Western Migration Wagon Trains and Covered Wagons c.1700 – 1800s Midwest, Southwest and Western United States of America *[http://www.chroniclesoftheoldwest.com/chuckwagon.shtml Chronicle of the Old West] - The Chuckwagon Old West Recipes and cooking tips *[http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/plains.htm Eye witness to history] - Crossing the Plains, 1865 *[http://www.pinterest.com/SteveCone/hist-wagons-trains-west/ Pinterest] - Wagons Trains West *[http://www.over-land.com/westfort.html Overland.com] - Links to Old West Forts and Towns *[https://www.loc.gov/item/2002564479/ Library of Congress] - Trails to Utah and the Pacific: Diaries and Letters, 1846-1869 *[http://www.desertusa.com/desert-trails/desert-route-to-california.html Desert USA] - The Desert Route to California Trails to the West by Jay W. Sharp *[http://www.legendsofamerica.com/we-pioneerindex.html Legends of America] Pioneers of the American West '''Parties'''
*[[Space:Donner_Party|Donner Party]] *[http://www.historylink.org/index.cfm?DisplayPage=output.cfm&file_id=5647 Denny Party] *[[Space:The_Mission_Party_of_1838|The Mission Party of 1838]] == Old Spanish Trail == The Old Spanish Trail (Spanish: Viejo Sendero Español) is a historical trade route that connected the northern New Mexico settlements of (or near) Santa Fe, New Mexico with those of Los Angeles, California and southern California.
'''Resources''' *Wikipedia: [[wikipedia:Old_Spanish_Trail_(trade_route)|Old Spanish Trail]] *[https://www.desertusa.com/desert-trails/old-spanish-trail.html Desert USA - California and the Old Spanish Trail] *[https://oldspanishtrail.org/ Old Spanish Trail Association] '''Maps''' *[https://www.nps.gov/olsp/planyourvisit/maps.htm NPS Maps - Old Spanish Trail ] '''Parties'''
*[[Space:Baker-Fancher_Party|Baker-Fancher Party]] - 200 emigrants from the Ozarks of northwest Arkansas left in April 1857 for California. By early September 1857 the wagon train was in the south Utah Territory almost to California when nearly the entire party was slaughtered at Mountain Meadows along the Old Spanish Trail. Only seventeen infants and toddlers were left living by their assailants, who assumed they were too young to tell the tale. It took 150 years for the healing to begin.